WO2017168896A1 - セラミックヒータ - Google Patents
セラミックヒータ Download PDFInfo
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- WO2017168896A1 WO2017168896A1 PCT/JP2016/088805 JP2016088805W WO2017168896A1 WO 2017168896 A1 WO2017168896 A1 WO 2017168896A1 JP 2016088805 W JP2016088805 W JP 2016088805W WO 2017168896 A1 WO2017168896 A1 WO 2017168896A1
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- ceramic
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/40—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes
- H05B3/42—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes non-flexible
- H05B3/48—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes non-flexible heating conductor embedded in insulating material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/02—Details
- H05B3/06—Heater elements structurally combined with coupling elements or holders
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/10—Heater elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor
- H05B3/12—Heater elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
- H05B2203/002—Heaters using a particular layout for the resistive material or resistive elements
- H05B2203/004—Heaters using a particular layout for the resistive material or resistive elements using zigzag layout
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
- H05B2203/027—Heaters specially adapted for glow plug igniters
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a ceramic heater used for, for example, a hot water washing toilet seat, a fan heater, an electric water heater, a 24-hour bath, a soldering iron, a hair iron, and the like, and more particularly, a ceramic in which a heater wiring is built in the outer periphery of a support.
- the present invention relates to a ceramic heater having a structure in which a sheet is wound.
- a heat exchange unit having a resin container (heat exchanger) is used for a warm water washing toilet seat.
- a cylindrical ceramic heater is attached to the heat exchange unit in order to warm the washing water accommodated in the heat exchanger.
- a ceramic heater As this type of ceramic heater, a ceramic heater is known that is formed by winding a ceramic sheet on which a heater wiring is printed on a cylindrical ceramic support and firing it integrally (for example, see Patent Document 1).
- the ceramic heater for the warm water washing toilet seat is always in water, it is hardly energized and heated in a dry state.
- electricity is applied and heated in a dry state.
- a potential difference is generated between a pair of heater wires located on opposite sides of the winding portion of the ceramic sheet, and heat is generated.
- the glass component which exists may melt
- electrons easily move, partial discharge occurs between a pair of heater wires located on opposite sides of the winding portion, leading to dielectric breakdown.
- the ceramic component present in the ceramic sheet is melted by the spark generated during the partial discharge, so that the ceramic heater is damaged.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a ceramic heater capable of improving reliability by preventing dielectric breakdown occurring in the heater wiring.
- the heater wiring Comprises a plurality of wiring portions extending along the axial direction of the support and a connecting portion for connecting the adjacent wiring portions to each other, from the surface of the heater wiring to the outer peripheral surface of the ceramic sheet in the ceramic sheet.
- the voltage applied to the heater wiring is V (V)
- the distance from the edge of the heater wiring to the end face of the ceramic sheet is w in the winding portion of the ceramic sheet.
- Mm the distance between the pair of wiring parts arranged on opposite sides of the winding part
- L mm
- the dielectric breakdown strength is satisfied by satisfying the relationship of t ⁇ 0.2 mm and satisfying at least one of the relationships of L / V ⁇ 9/500 and w / V ⁇ 3/500.
- the ceramic heater preferably satisfies at least one of the relations t / V ⁇ 1/500 and w / t ⁇ 3. Furthermore, a slit that extends along the axial direction of the support and exposes the outer peripheral surface of the support is formed in the winding portion, and when the width of the slit is derived from the equation of L-2w, 0.2 It is preferable to satisfy the relationship of ⁇ L ⁇ 2w ⁇ 1.5. If the setting is made as described above, the dielectric breakdown strength is more reliably increased, so that it is possible to reliably prevent dielectric breakdown between a pair of heater wires located on opposite sides of the winding portion, and to damage the ceramic heater. Can be reliably prevented. Therefore, the reliability of the ceramic heater is further improved.
- the ceramic heater includes a ceramic support and a ceramic sheet wound around the outer periphery of the support.
- Preferred examples of the ceramic forming the support and the ceramic sheet include alumina, aluminum nitride, silicon nitride, boron nitride, zirconia, titania, mullite, and the like.
- the support and the ceramic sheet are preferably made of alumina. In this way, a ceramic heater excellent in heat resistance, chemical resistance and strength can be produced at low cost.
- the ceramic sheet has a heating element (heater wiring) made of tungsten, molybdenum, tantalum, or the like, for example.
- the heater wiring preferably contains at least one of tungsten and molybdenum as a main component. In this way, since the heater wiring can be securely adhered to the ceramic sheet, the reliability of the ceramic heater is further improved.
- FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. 1. Explanatory drawing which expand
- (A)-(d) is explanatory drawing which shows the manufacturing method of a ceramic heater. Explanatory drawing which shows the manufacturing method of a ceramic heater in other embodiment.
- the ceramic heater 11 of the present embodiment is used for warming cleaning water in a heat exchanger of a heat exchange unit of a warm water cleaning toilet seat, for example.
- the ceramic heater 11 includes a cylindrical ceramic heater main body 13 and a metal annular flange 15 that is externally fitted to the heater main body 13.
- the flange 15 is an annular member formed by bending a metal plate such as stainless steel, and has a concave portion (cup shape) at the center.
- the space surrounded by the outer peripheral surface 14 of the heater main body 13 and the inner surface of the flange 15 in the concave portion of the flange 15 is the glass reservoir 35.
- the glass reservoir 35 is filled with glass 33, and the heater body 13 and the flange 15 are welded and fixed through the glass 33.
- the portion of the glass 33 is indicated by hatching.
- the heater main body 13 includes a cylindrical ceramic support 17 and a ceramic sheet 19 wound around the outer periphery of the support 17.
- the support 17 and the ceramic sheet 19 are made of a ceramic such as alumina (Al 2 O 3 ).
- the thermal expansion coefficient of alumina is in the range of 50 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 7 / K to 90 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 7 / K, and in this embodiment, 70 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 7 / K (30 ° C. to 380 ° C.). ing.
- the outer diameter of the support body 17 is set to 12 mm
- the inner diameter is set to 8 mm
- the length is set to 65 mm
- the thickness of the ceramic sheet 19 is set to 0.5 mm
- the length is set to 60 mm.
- the ceramic sheet 19 does not completely cover the outer periphery of the support 17. Therefore, a slit 21 that extends along the axial direction of the support 17 and exposes the outer peripheral surface 18 of the support 17 is formed in the winding portion 20 of the ceramic sheet 19.
- the ceramic sheet 19 has a meandering pattern-shaped heater wiring 41 and a pair of internal terminals 42 incorporated therein.
- the heater wiring 41 and the internal terminal 42 contain tungsten (W) as a main component.
- Each internal terminal 42 is electrically connected to an external terminal 43 (see FIG. 1) formed on the outer peripheral surface of the ceramic sheet 19 via a via conductor (not shown).
- the heater wiring 41 includes a plurality of wiring portions 44 extending along the axial direction of the support body 17 and a connection portion 45 that connects the adjacent wiring portions 44 to each other.
- a pair of wiring portions 44 located at both ends when the ceramic sheet 19 is viewed from the thickness direction are disposed on opposite sides of the winding portion 20 of the ceramic sheet 19 (see FIG. 3).
- One end (upper end in FIG. 4) is connected to the internal terminal 42, and the second end (lower end in FIG. 4) is connected to the second end of the adjacent wiring portion 44 via the connection portion 45.
- the wiring portion 44 located between the pair of wiring portions 44 described above has a first end connected to the first end of the wiring portion 44 adjacent to the first wiring portion 44 via the connection portion 45.
- the second end is connected to the second end of the adjacent wiring portion 44 via the connection portion 45.
- the wiring portion 44 of the present embodiment has a line width W1 of 0.60 mm and a thickness of 15 ⁇ m.
- the connecting portion 45 of the present embodiment is also set to have a line width W2 of 0.60 mm and a thickness of 15 ⁇ m. That is, the line width W1 of the wiring part 44 is the same as the line width W2 of the connection part 45.
- the cross-sectional area of the wiring part 44 is the same as the cross-sectional area of the connection part 45.
- the thickness t from the surface 46 of the wiring portion 44 (heater wiring 41) to the outer peripheral surface 47 of the ceramic sheet 19 is 0.2 mm.
- the distance w from the edge of the wiring part 44 (heater wiring 41) to the end surface 48 of the ceramic sheet 19 is 0.7 mm.
- distance w refers to the length along the circumferential direction of the cylindrical support 17.
- the distance L between the pair of wiring portions 44 arranged on the opposite sides of the winding portion 20 is 2.4 mm.
- distance L refers to the length of a straight line connecting the edges of the pair of wiring portions 44.
- the width of the slit 21 formed in the winding portion 20 is derived from the equation L-2w, and is 1 mm in this embodiment.
- a clay-like slurry containing alumina as a main component is put into a conventionally known extruder (not shown) to form a cylindrical member.
- the support body 17 (refer Fig.5 (a)) is obtained by performing temporary baking which heats to predetermined
- the first and second ceramic green sheets 51 and 52 to be the ceramic sheet 19 are formed using a ceramic material mainly composed of alumina powder.
- a formation method of a ceramic green sheet well-known forming methods, such as a doctor blade method, can be used.
- a conductive paste in this embodiment, a tungsten paste
- a conventionally known paste printing apparatus not shown.
- the unfired electrode 53 to be the heater wiring 41 and the internal terminal 42 is formed on the surface of the first ceramic green sheet 51 (see FIG. 5B). Note that the position of the unfired electrode 53 is adjusted so that, for example, the size of the position of the heater wiring 41 plus the shrinkage during firing is added.
- the second ceramic green sheet 52 is laminated on the printed surface of the first ceramic green sheet 51 (formation surface of the unfired electrode 53), and a pressing force is applied in the sheet laminating direction. To do. As a result, the ceramic green sheets 51 and 52 are integrated to form a green sheet laminate 54 (see FIG. 5C).
- the thickness of the second ceramic green sheet 52 is, for example, a size obtained by adding shrinkage during firing to the thickness t from the outer wiring portion 46 of the heater wiring 41 to the outer peripheral surface 47 of the ceramic sheet 19. It is adjusted to become. Further, a conductive paste is printed on the surface of the second ceramic green sheet 52 using a paste printing apparatus. As a result, an unfired electrode 55 that becomes the external terminal 43 is formed on the surface of the second ceramic green sheet 52.
- a ceramic paste (alumina paste) is applied to one side of the green sheet laminate 54, and the green sheet laminate 54 is wound around and bonded to the outer peripheral surface 18 of the support 17 (see FIG. 5 (d)). At this time, the size of the green sheet laminate 54 is adjusted so that the ends of the green sheet laminate 54 do not overlap each other.
- the alumina in the ceramic green sheets 51 and 52 and the tungsten in the conductive paste are simultaneously sintered, the green sheet laminate 54 becomes the ceramic sheet 19, and the unfired electrode 53 becomes the heater wiring 41 and the internal terminal 42.
- the unfired electrode 55 becomes the external terminal 43.
- the external terminals 43 are plated with nickel to form the heater body 13.
- a plate material made of stainless steel is press-molded using a mold to form a cup-shaped flange 15.
- the flange 15 is externally fitted to a predetermined mounting position of the heater body 13.
- the heater body 13 and the flange 15 are welded and fixed via the glass 33 to complete the ceramic heater 11.
- a measurement sample was prepared as follows.
- the thickness t (see FIG. 3) from the surface of the heater wiring (wiring portion) to the outer peripheral surface of the ceramic sheet is 0.18 mm
- the distance w from the edge of the heater wiring (wiring portion) to the end surface of the ceramic sheet (FIG. 3) Reference) is 0.6 mm
- the distance L (see FIG. 3) between a pair of wiring parts arranged on opposite sides of the winding part is 1.4 mm
- the width L ⁇ of the slit formed in the winding part A ceramic heater having 2 w of 0.2 mm was prepared, and this was designated as sample A.
- a ceramic heater having a thickness t of 0.18 mm, a distance w of 1 mm, a distance L of 3 mm, and a width L-2w of 1 mm was prepared, and this was designated as Sample B.
- a ceramic heater having a thickness t of 0.2 mm, a distance w of 0.5 mm, a distance L of 3 mm, and a width L-2w of 2 mm was prepared.
- a ceramic heater having a thickness t of 0.2 mm, a distance w of 0.7 mm, a distance L of 1.6 mm, and a width L-2w of 0.2 mm was prepared.
- a ceramic heater having a thickness t of 0.2 mm, a distance w of 1 mm, a distance L of 3 mm, and a width L-2w of 1 mm was prepared.
- a ceramic heater having a thickness t of 0.3 mm, a distance w of 1 mm, a distance L of 2.4 mm, and a width L-2w of 0.4 mm was prepared.
- a ceramic heater having a thickness t of 0.3 mm, a distance w of 1 mm, a distance L of 3 mm, and a width L-2w of 1 mm was prepared.
- a ceramic heater having a thickness t of 0.4 mm, a distance w of 1.3 mm, a distance L of 3 mm, and a width L-2w of 0.4 mm was prepared.
- a ceramic heater having a thickness t of 0.4 mm, a distance w of 1.3 mm, a distance L of 3.8 mm, and a width L-2w of 1.2 mm was prepared.
- a ceramic heater having a thickness t of 0.4 mm, a distance w of 1.5 mm, a distance L of 4.5 mm, and a width L-2w of 1.5 mm was prepared.
- a ceramic heater having a thickness t of 0.5 mm, a distance w of 1.3 mm, a distance L of 3 mm, and a width L-2w of 0.4 mm was prepared.
- a ceramic heater having a thickness t of 0.5 mm, a distance w of 1.5 mm, a distance L of 3.8 mm, and a width L-2w of 0.8 mm was prepared.
- a ceramic heater having a thickness t of 0.5 mm, a distance w of 1.3 mm, a distance L of 3 mm, and a width L-2w of 0.4 mm was prepared.
- a ceramic heater having a thickness t of 0.5 mm, a distance w of 1.5 mm, a distance L of 4.3 mm, and a width L-2w of 1.3 mm was prepared.
- a ceramic heater having a thickness t of 0.5 mm, a distance w of 1.5 mm, a distance L of 4.3 mm, and a width L-2w of 1.3 mm was prepared.
- a ceramic heater having a thickness t of 0.5 mm, a distance w of 1.5 mm, a distance L of 4.5 mm, and a width L-2w of 1.5 mm was prepared.
- 10 samples A to Q were prepared.
- nichrome wire was soldered to a pair of internal terminals (heater wiring) provided in the ceramic sheets of each measurement sample (samples A to Q), and each measurement sample was dried and placed on the base.
- voltage V any one of AC 100V, 140V, 200V, and 240V
- the thickness t is 0.2 mm
- the distance w is 0.7 mm
- the distance L is 2.4 mm
- the voltage V is 100 V AC
- the relationship of L / V ⁇ 9/500 and w / V ⁇ 3/500 is satisfied, and the dielectric breakdown strength can be increased.
- melting of the glass component existing in the ceramic sheet 19 in the vicinity of the winding portion 20 is prevented, so that dielectric breakdown is caused between the pair of wiring portions 44 located on the opposite sides of the winding portion 20.
- damage to the ceramic heater 11 can be prevented. Therefore, the reliability of the ceramic heater 11 can be improved.
- the pair of internal terminals 42 formed on the ceramic sheet 19 are disposed on the inner side than the pair of wiring portions 44 positioned on opposite sides of the winding portion 20 of the ceramic sheet 19. (See FIG. 4). For this reason, when the ceramic sheet 19 is wound around the outer periphery of the support 17, both internal terminals 42 are positioned on opposite sides in the radial direction of the support 17. As a result, since the distance between the internal terminals 42 is increased, the occurrence of discharge between the internal terminals 42 can be prevented.
- the ceramic paste is applied to one side of the green sheet laminate 54, and the green sheet laminate 54 is wound around and adhered to the outer peripheral surface 18 of the support 17, but as shown in FIG.
- a part of the ceramic paste 61 may cover the end face of the green sheet laminate 62 serving as a ceramic sheet and the outer peripheral face 64 of the support 63.
- the distance w is the length from the edge of the heater wiring (unfired electrode 65) to the end surface of the ceramic sheet (green sheet laminate 62).
- the support 17 of the ceramic heater 11 has a cylindrical shape, but the support may have a rod shape. That is, the ceramic heater may be used for a different one (for example, a fan heater) from the warm water cleaning toilet seat.
- an AC voltage is applied between the pair of internal terminals 42, but a DC voltage may be applied between the pair of internal terminals 42.
- a ceramic heater comprising a ceramic support and a ceramic sheet wound around an outer periphery of the support and incorporating a heater wiring
- the heater wiring is a plurality extending along the axial direction of the support.
- a connecting portion for connecting the adjacent wiring portions to each other, wherein the thickness of the ceramic sheet from the surface of the heater wiring to the outer peripheral surface of the ceramic sheet is t (mm).
- V (V) is a voltage applied to the ceramic sheet
- w (mm) is the distance from the edge of the heater wire to the end surface of the ceramic sheet at the winding portion of the ceramic sheet.
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- Resistance Heating (AREA)
Abstract
Description
以下、本実施形態のセラミックヒータ11の性能を評価するために行った実験例について説明する。
17,63…支持体
18,64…支持体の外周面
19…セラミックシート
20…巻き合わせ部
21…スリット
41…ヒータ配線
44…配線部
45…接続部
46…ヒータ配線の表面
47…セラミックシートの外周面
48…セラミックシートの端面
L…巻き合わせ部を挟んで反対側に配置される一対の配線部間の距離
t…ヒータ配線の表面からセラミックシートの外周面までの厚さ
V…電圧
w…ヒータ配線の端縁からセラミックシートの端面までの距離
Claims (5)
- セラミック製の支持体と、前記支持体の外周に巻き付けられ、ヒータ配線が内蔵されたセラミックシートとを備えるセラミックヒータにおいて、
前記ヒータ配線は、前記支持体の軸線方向に沿って延びる複数の配線部と、隣接する前記配線部同士を接続する接続部とを備え、
前記セラミックシートにおいて前記ヒータ配線の表面から前記セラミックシートの外周面までの厚さをt(mm)とし、前記ヒータ配線に印加される電圧をV(V)とし、前記セラミックシートの巻き合わせ部において前記ヒータ配線の端縁から前記セラミックシートの端面までの距離をw(mm)とし、前記巻き合わせ部を挟んで互いに反対側に配置される一対の前記配線部間の距離をL(mm)としたとき、t≧0.2mmの関係を満たすとともに、L/V≧9/500及びw/V≧3/500の少なくとも一方の関係を満たす
ことを特徴とするセラミックヒータ。 - t/V≧1/500及びw/t≧3の少なくとも一方の関係を満たすことを特徴とする請求項1に記載のセラミックヒータ。
- 前記巻き合わせ部に、前記支持体の軸線方向に沿って延びるとともに前記支持体の外周面を露出させるスリットが形成され、
前記スリットの幅をL-2wの式から導き出されるものとしたとき、0.2≦L-2w≦1.5の関係を満たす
ことを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載のセラミックヒータ。 - 前記支持体及び前記セラミックシートは、アルミナからなることを特徴とする請求項1乃至3のいずれか1項に記載のセラミックヒータ。
- 前記ヒータ配線は、タングステン及びモリブデンの少なくとも一種を主成分として含むことを特徴とする請求項1乃至4のいずれか1項に記載のセラミックヒータ。
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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EP16897111.7A EP3439428A4 (en) | 2016-03-30 | 2016-12-27 | CERAMIC HEATING UNIT |
CN201680084342.3A CN108886840B (zh) | 2016-03-30 | 2016-12-27 | 陶瓷加热器 |
KR1020187024530A KR102136520B1 (ko) | 2016-03-30 | 2016-12-27 | 세라믹 히터 |
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JP2016068115A JP6604884B2 (ja) | 2016-03-30 | 2016-03-30 | セラミックヒータ |
JP2016-068115 | 2016-03-30 |
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JP (1) | JP6604884B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR102136520B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN108886840B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2017168896A1 (ja) |
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CN113225857A (zh) * | 2021-05-19 | 2021-08-06 | 江苏天宝陶瓷股份有限公司 | 一种可调整口径的远红外陶瓷加热器 |
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JP7013288B2 (ja) * | 2018-03-13 | 2022-01-31 | 日本特殊陶業株式会社 | セラミックヒータ |
JP7453123B2 (ja) | 2020-11-13 | 2024-03-19 | 京セラ株式会社 | ヒータおよびヒータの製造方法 |
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- 2016-12-27 CN CN201680084342.3A patent/CN108886840B/zh active Active
- 2016-12-27 KR KR1020187024530A patent/KR102136520B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2016-12-27 WO PCT/JP2016/088805 patent/WO2017168896A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2016-12-27 EP EP16897111.7A patent/EP3439428A4/en active Pending
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN113225857A (zh) * | 2021-05-19 | 2021-08-06 | 江苏天宝陶瓷股份有限公司 | 一种可调整口径的远红外陶瓷加热器 |
CN113225857B (zh) * | 2021-05-19 | 2022-05-27 | 江苏天宝陶瓷股份有限公司 | 一种可调整口径的远红外陶瓷加热器 |
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Publication number | Publication date |
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CN108886840B (zh) | 2021-05-07 |
JP2017183070A (ja) | 2017-10-05 |
CN108886840A (zh) | 2018-11-23 |
EP3439428A4 (en) | 2019-11-13 |
EP3439428A1 (en) | 2019-02-06 |
KR102136520B1 (ko) | 2020-07-22 |
JP6604884B2 (ja) | 2019-11-13 |
KR20180124029A (ko) | 2018-11-20 |
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