WO2017166894A1 - 一种可旋转和锁定工具头的工具 - Google Patents

一种可旋转和锁定工具头的工具 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017166894A1
WO2017166894A1 PCT/CN2017/070213 CN2017070213W WO2017166894A1 WO 2017166894 A1 WO2017166894 A1 WO 2017166894A1 CN 2017070213 W CN2017070213 W CN 2017070213W WO 2017166894 A1 WO2017166894 A1 WO 2017166894A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
hole
tool
segment
inner spline
tool head
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Application number
PCT/CN2017/070213
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
蒋步斌
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南通天茂机械制造有限公司
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Publication of WO2017166894A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017166894A1/zh

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25G—HANDLES FOR HAND IMPLEMENTS
    • B25G3/00—Attaching handles to the implements
    • B25G3/38—Hinged, pivoted, swivelling, or folding joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25G—HANDLES FOR HAND IMPLEMENTS
    • B25G3/00—Attaching handles to the implements
    • B25G3/02—Socket, tang, or like fixings
    • B25G3/12—Locking and securing devices
    • B25G3/28—Locking and securing devices comprising wedges, keys, or like expanding means

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a tool, and more particularly to a tool for rotating and locking a tool head.
  • hand tools are constantly updated and developed in terms of design and material use, taking into account design factors such as mechanics and human functions; with the development of social economy and the fine division of labor in industrial production, The manufacture of hand tools is more specialized and more versatile.
  • some hand tools are provided with a structure capable of adjusting and locking the tool head and the handle to each other.
  • Chinese Patent Application No. 200820027739.1 discloses a rotary nailer or a crowbar including a hammer and a mast, characterized in that a hinge connection is made between the hammer and the mast, between the hammer and the mast.
  • the hinged joint is also provided with an adjustment mechanism for adjusting and fixing the angle of rotation of the boring head.
  • the adjusting mechanism is a ratchet pawl mechanism, wherein the ratchet head is provided with a ratchet structure, the ratchet structure is disposed at a root portion of the hinge connecting portion of the hammer and the mast; a pawl matched with the ratchet, the mast and the hammer are mounted a cavity is arranged in the part, the mast and the hoe are hingedly connected in the cavity, and at the same time the ratchet of the hoe is matched, the pawl is also hingedly linked in the cavity, wherein the mast is also mounted on the control ram An adjustment mechanism in which the pawl is engaged or disengaged from the ratchet.
  • the adjusting structure mounted on the mast is a resilient locking ball.
  • the specific structure of the adjusting structure is that on the back of the pawl, a metal ball and a spring matched with the spring are arranged in the cavity of the mast, and the metal is extended when the spring is extended. The ball is tight and the pawl is fixed.
  • No. 7,728,099 B2 discloses a hand tool that is rotatable and lockable in rotation, as shown in FIG.
  • the two ends of the pin shaft adopt a cap structure connected by screws or bolts, and the concentricity of the cap and the pin shaft cannot be ensured, especially in the unlocked state, the cap on the embedded side is not concentric with the pin shaft, and will be more After the secondary adjustment tool, there is a phenomenon that the cap is stuck in the through hole and cannot be adjusted.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a tool that can rotate and lock the tool head, which can reduce the process difficulty, improve the product qualification rate, and is not easy to be stuck.
  • the technical solution of the present invention is: a tool for rotating and locking a tool head, comprising a shank, and a tool head mounted on the front end of the shank, the shank having a function between the shank and the tool head
  • An adjustment mechanism for adjusting or fixing the relative angle between the two is innovative in that the adjustment mechanism includes:
  • a U-shaped support having a pair of symmetrically disposed ear plates, wherein a gap between the two ear plates is formed to accommodate a single seat, and a coaxial second is respectively formed on the two ear plates
  • the inner spline hole and the third through hole, and the second inner spline hole and the first inner spline hole have the same specification, and the third through hole is a smooth optical hole of the inner wall;
  • the pin shaft has an outer spline segment, an optical axis segment and a limit knob segment which are coaxially arranged and integrally formed, and the limit knob segment is embedded in the third through hole and is slidably engaged with the third through hole, and Positioning as a pin on a side of the second inner spline hole, the first inner spline hole and the third through hole that moves along its own axial direction;
  • the optical shaft segment is provided with a return spring located in the third through hole One end of the return spring abuts the inner end surface of the limit knob segment, and the other end abuts the outer end surface of the first inner spline hole of the single seat;
  • the outer spline segment can smoothly insert the first and second inner splines simultaneously a configuration in the bore that is engageable with the inner splines of the first and second inner spline holes, the outer outer end of the outer spline segment being coupled to a detachable cap, the cap being the pin in the second inner s
  • the diameter of the optical axis segment is equal to the diameter of the addendum circle of the first inner spline hole or slightly smaller than the diameter of the addendum circle of the first inner spline hole.
  • the pin shaft further has a lower annular groove located between the optical axis segment and the limit knob segment.
  • the axially outer end of the second inner spline hole further has an annular groove disposed coaxially therewith, the annular groove just fitting the cap.
  • the cap is fixedly connected to the axially outer end surface of the outer spline segment of the pin by a screw.
  • the screw is a countersunk screw.
  • the return spring is a conical coil spring.
  • the return spring is a disc spring.
  • the tool head may be an open end wrench, a closed loop wrench, a ratchet socket wrench, a hammer or a tong.
  • the relative angular limit of the shank and the tool head is realized by the outer spline segment simultaneously engaging the single-sided seat of the single-support and the U-shaped support, and the limit is limited.
  • the position of the knob section is axially pressed to the other side of the pin shaft, so that the outer spline segment is disengaged from the inner spline hole, that is, the state is switched to the unlocked state; no double inner spline hole design is required on both sides of the U-shaped bracket, thereby reducing the The processing difficulty of the structure, improve the pass rate and reduce the cost;
  • the diameter of the optical axis segment is equal to the diameter of the addendum circle of the first inner spline hole or slightly smaller than the diameter of the addendum circle of the first inner spline hole, so that in the unlocked state, the optical axis segment is just opposite to the first internal spline
  • the tooth tip of the hole contacts, and then the optical shaft segment supports and positions the single bracket to avoid a large displacement of the shank and the tool head in the unlocked adjustment state, so as to ensure smooth switching to the locked state again;
  • the design of the annular groove can smoothly accommodate the metal debris generated during the repeated unlocking adjustment or relative rotation between the components in the use state, avoiding jamming and prolonging the service life, and at the same time, it can also serve as a cone
  • the receiving groove of the innermost ring of the coil spring can smoothly accommodate the metal debris generated during the repeated unlocking adjustment or relative rotation between the components in the use state, avoiding jamming and prolonging the service life, and at the same time, it can also serve as a cone
  • the receiving groove of the innermost ring of the coil spring can smoothly accommodate the metal debris generated during the repeated unlocking adjustment or relative rotation between the components in the use state, avoiding jamming and prolonging the service life, and at the same time, it can also serve as a cone
  • the receiving groove of the innermost ring of the coil spring can smoothly accommodate the metal debris generated during the repeated unlocking adjustment or relative rotation between the components in the use state, avoiding jamming and prolonging the service life, and at the same time, it can also serve as a cone
  • Figure 1 is a schematic illustration of a prior art hand tool that is rotatable, lockable, and rotatable.
  • FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of the tool of the rotatable and locking tool head of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic view showing the engagement state of the conical coil spring.
  • Figure 4 is a front elevational view of Figure 3.
  • Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of Fig. 4;
  • Figure 6 is a side view of Figure 3.
  • Fig. 7 is a front elevational view showing a state in which a conical coil spring is used.
  • Fig. 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of Fig. 7;
  • Figure 9 is a side elevational view of the state in which the conical coil spring is in an adjusted state.
  • Fig. 10 is a cross-sectional view taken along line C-C of Fig. 9;
  • Figure 11 is a schematic view showing the state in which the disc spring is in engagement.
  • Figure 12 is a cross-sectional view taken along line D-D of Figure 11;
  • Figure 13 is an exploded side elevational view of the tool of the rotatable and locking tool head of the present invention.
  • Figure 14 is an exploded plan view of the tool of the rotatable and locking tool head of the present invention.
  • Figure 15 is a schematic view showing the mounting position of the return spring in the present invention.
  • Figure 16 is a schematic view of a screw and a cap in the present invention.
  • Figure 17 is a front elevational view of the pin of the present invention.
  • Figure 18 is a side elevational view of the pin of the present invention.
  • a tool for rotatable and locking a tool head as shown in FIGS. 2-18 includes a shank 5 and a tool head 1 mounted at the front end of the shank 5, which may be an open end wrench, a closed loop wrench, a ratchet sleeve a cylinder wrench, a hammer or a tong, the shank 5 and the tool head 1 have an adjustment mechanism for adjusting or fixing the relative angle between the two, the adjustment mechanism comprising a single seat 4, a U-shaped seat and a pin .
  • the U-shaped support has a pair of symmetrically disposed ear plates 3, and a gap between the two ear plates 3 is formed to accommodate the single support 4, and a coaxial second internal spline is respectively formed on the two ear plates 3.
  • the hole 12 and the third through hole 11 are different in size from the first inner spline hole 13 and the third through hole 11 is a smooth hole in the inner wall.
  • the pin shaft sequentially passes through the second inner spline hole 12, the first inner spline hole 13 and the third through hole 11, thereby connecting the single seat 4 and the U-shaped bracket to form a hinge structure.
  • the pin shaft has an outer spline segment 10, an optical axis segment 9 and a limit knob segment 8 which are coaxially arranged and integrally formed.
  • the limit knob segment 8 is embedded in the third through hole 11 and slidably engaged with the third through hole 11 and serves as a pin in the inner side of the second inner spline hole 12, the first inner spline hole 13 and the third through hole 11 One side of its own axial movement is limited.
  • the diameter of the optical axis section 9 is equal to the diameter of the addendum circle of the first inner spline hole 13 or slightly smaller than the diameter of the addendum circle of the first inner spline hole 13, and the size slightly smaller than that is controlled at - Between 1 and 2 mm, by controlling the optical axis segment 9, the optical axis segment 9 is just in contact with the tooth tip of the first inner spline hole 13 in the unlocked state, and the optical shaft segment 9 is supported and positioned by a single support.
  • the seat 4 avoids a large displacement of the shank 5 and the tool head 1 in the unlocked state, and ensures that the lock state is smoothly switched again.
  • the optical shaft section 9 is provided with a return spring 7 in the third through hole 11, one end of the return spring 7 abuts against the inner end surface of the limit knob section 8, and the other end abuts against the first inner spline of the single support 4.
  • the return spring 7 may be a conical coil spring or a disc spring.
  • the inner diameter of the return spring 7 is not less than the diameter of the addendum circle of the outer spline segment 10.
  • the diameter of the third through hole 11 and the diameter of the limit knob segment 8 are larger than the diameter of the addendum circle of the second inner spline hole 12, as shown in FIGS.
  • annular groove 15 between the optical axis section 9 and the limit knob section 8 on the pin.
  • the annular groove 15 is designed to smoothly accommodate the metal debris generated during the repeated unlocking adjustment or relative rotation between the components in the use state, thereby avoiding jamming and prolonging the service life, and at the same time, it can also serve as a conical spiral.
  • the receiving groove of the innermost ring of the spring is also designed to smoothly accommodate the metal debris generated during the repeated unlocking adjustment or relative rotation between the components in the use state, thereby avoiding jamming and prolonging the service life, and at the same time, it can also serve as a conical spiral.
  • the outer spline segment 10 can be smoothly inserted into the first inner spline hole 13 and the second inner spline hole 12 and can be engaged with the inner splines of the first inner spline hole 13 and the second inner spline hole 12
  • the outer end of the outer spline segment 10 is connected to a detachable cap 2 which serves as a pin in the inner side of the second inner spline hole 12, the first inner spline hole 13 and the third through hole 11
  • the other side of its own axial movement is limited, and the axial limit of the pin 2 by the cap 2 ensures that the limit knob section 8 is always partially located within the third through hole 11.
  • the cap 2 is fixed to the axially outer end surface of the outer spline segment 10 of the pin by a screw 14.
  • the screw 13 is a countersunk screw.
  • the axially outer end of the second inner spline opening 12 also has an annular groove 6 disposed coaxially therewith, the annular groove 6 just fitting the fitting cap 2.
  • the return spring 7 is taken as a conical coil spring as an example for specific description.
  • the return spring 7 is inserted from the outer spline segment 10 toward the optical axis segment 9 by using the return spring 7
  • the elasticity of the return spring 7 is inserted into the outer side of the optical shaft segment 9, and the end of the return spring 7 having a small diameter abuts against the inner end of the limit knob segment 8, and then the single support 4 is embedded in the U-shaped support.
  • the pin shaft with the return spring 7 is inserted from the third through hole 11 and sequentially Passing through the first inner spline hole 13 and the second inner spline hole 12, the cap 2 is connected and fixed to the axial outer end surface of the outer spline segment 10 of the pin by the screw 14, and the outer spline segment 10 is respectively
  • the first inner spline hole 13 and the second inner spline hole 12 are engaged, and the relative rotation between the tongs 1 and the caliper 5 is prevented by the engagement, and the other end of the return spring 7 is pressed against the single seat 4
  • the outer peripheral end surface of the inner spline hole 13 completes the overall assembly to form a structure as shown in Figs.
  • the limit knob segment 8 In use, when it is necessary to adjust the angle of the tool head 1, the limit knob segment 8 is pressed, so that the pin moves integrally toward the second inner spline hole 12 under the force, and the return spring 7 is also squeezed. Pressing until the external spline segment 10 is disengaged from the toothed structure of the first inner spline hole 13, as shown in FIG. 7-10, that is, the state is switched to the unlocked state, and the tool head 1 is freely rotatable, and the tool head 1 is When adjusting to the desired angle, the limit knob segment 8 is released, at which time the entire pin is reset by the elasticity of the return spring 7, and the outer spline segment 10 is again in phase with the toothed structure of the first inner spline hole 13. Engage, switch to the locked state again, and the adjustment is completed.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Dental Tools And Instruments Or Auxiliary Dental Instruments (AREA)
  • Snaps, Bayonet Connections, Set Pins, And Snap Rings (AREA)

Abstract

一种可旋转和锁定工具头（1）的工具，包括柄杆（5），以及安装在柄杆（5）前端的工具头（1），所述柄杆（5）与工具头（1）之间具有一用于调节或固定两者之间相对角度的调节机构，该调节机构包括：一单支座（4），单支座（4）上具有第一内花键孔（13）；一U形支座，该U形支座具有一对对称设置的耳板（3），两耳板（3）之间形成一个刚好可容纳单支座（4）的间隙，并在两耳板（3）上分别开有同轴的第二内花键孔（12）和第三通孔（11）；一销轴，该销轴依次穿过第二内花键孔（12）、第一内花键孔（13）和第三通孔（11）进而将单支座（4）与U形支座连接形成铰接结构。该销轴具有依次同轴设置且整体加工成型的外花键段（10）、光轴段（9）和限位旋钮段（8）。上述工具的工艺生产难度低，产品合格率高且不易卡死。

Description

一种可旋转和锁定工具头的工具 一种可旋转和锁定工具头的工具
技术领域
本发明涉及一种工具，特别涉及一种可旋转和锁定工具头的工具。
背景技术
随着现代的机械和冶金技术的发展，手工工具在造型设计、材质使用等方面不断更新和发展，充分考虑到了力学、人体功能等设计因素；随着社会经济的发展和工业生产的细密分工，手工工具的制造更加专业化，功能更加多样化。
总所周知，部分手动工具安装有能够将工具头和手柄进行相互位置调节、锁定的构造。
例如中国专利申请号200820027739.1公开了一种回转式起钉器或撬棍，包括撬头和撬杆，其特征是所述撬头和撬杆之间采用铰链连接，该撬头和撬杆之间的铰接连接处还设置调整和固定撬头转动角度的调整机构。
上述调整机构是棘轮棘爪机构，其中撬头上设置棘轮结构，该棘轮结构设置在撬头与撬杆安装的铰链连接部分的根部；一与棘轮配合的棘爪，撬杆与撬头安装的部位设置一腔体，撬杆与撬头在该腔体内铰链连接，同时在于撬头的棘轮相配合的位置，棘爪也在该腔体内铰链链接，其中撬杆还安装一控制撬杆上的棘爪与棘轮配合或者脱离的调节机构。
上述安装于撬杆上的调节结构是一弹性锁止球，该调节结构的具体结构是在上述棘爪的背部，撬杆的腔体内设置一金属球和与它配合的弹簧，弹簧伸展时金属球顶紧并固定棘爪。
缺点：（1）上述结构中的撬棍，采用棘轮与棘爪之间的配合进行调节，由于其本身结构的特性，当棘轮与棘爪锁紧后，仍容易出现棘轮单向的误转动的现象，因此，在使用前就需要再次调节到原先的角度，非常的麻烦；另外，调节时只能在近180度范围内调节，调节的角度较小；
（2）该结构中，对撬头的棘轮孔、棘轮与转轴的同轴度，以及棘轮与棘爪、棘爪与弹性锁止球之间的配合，都提出了很高的要求，加工工艺复杂。
再如：美国专利号US7,682,099 B2公开了一种可旋转、可锁定旋转机制的手动工具，如图1所示。
缺点：（1）上述结构对两侧通孔的同轴度，以及两通孔内花键的尺寸精度、对称度都提出了很高的要求，不但加工工艺复杂，且至今，仍然有很多生产该产品的企业无法解决合格率低下的问题；
（2）该结构中，销轴的两端采用由螺钉或螺栓连接的盖帽结构，盖帽与销轴的同心度无法保证，特别是解锁状态下嵌入侧的盖帽与销轴不同心，会在多次调节工具后，出现盖帽卡死在通孔内无法调节的现象。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是提供一种可旋转和锁定工具头的工具，能够降低工艺难度、提高产品合格率且不易卡死。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明的技术方案为：一种可旋转和锁定工具头的工具，包括柄杆，以及安装在柄杆前端的工具头，所述柄杆与工具头之间具有一用于调节或固定两者之间相对角度的调节机构，其创新点在于该调节机构包括：
一单支座，单支座上具有第一内花键孔；
一U形支座，该U形支座具有一对对称设置的耳板，两耳板之间形成一个刚好可容纳单支座的间隙，并在两耳板上分别开有同轴的第二内花键孔和第三通孔，且第二内花键孔与第一内花键孔规格完全相同，第三通孔为内壁光滑的光孔；
一销轴，该销轴依次穿过第二内花键孔、第一内花键孔和第三通孔进而将单支座与U形支座连接形成铰接结构；
该销轴具有依次同轴设置且整体加工成型的外花键段、光轴段和限位旋钮段，所述的限位旋钮段嵌入第三通孔内并与第三通孔滑动配合，并作为销轴在第二内花键孔、第一内花键孔和第三通孔内沿其自身轴向移动的一侧限位；光轴段上套装有一位于第三通孔内的复位弹簧，该复位弹簧的一端抵住限位旋钮段的内侧端面，另一端抵住单支座的第一内花键孔外围侧端面；外花键段为可顺利同时插入第一、二内花键孔内并能够与第一、二内花键孔的内花键啮合的构造，外花键段的轴向外端连接一可拆卸的盖帽，该盖帽作为销轴在第二内花键孔、第一内花键孔和第三通孔内沿其自身轴向移动的另一侧限位，且通过盖帽对销轴的轴向限位确保限位旋钮段始终有部分位于第三通孔内；
销轴外花键段在与第一、二内花键孔同时啮合状态下的轴向位置中，单支座与U形支座相对围绕销轴的旋转均被禁止；销轴外花键段在不与第一内花键孔啮合状态下的轴向位置中，单支座与U形支座相对围绕销轴的旋转是被允许的。
进一步的，所述光轴段的直径等于第一内花键孔的齿顶圆直径或略小于第一内花键孔的齿顶圆直径。
进一步的，所述销轴上还具有一个位于光轴段、限位旋钮段之间的低位环形槽。
进一步的，所述第二内花键孔的轴向外端还具有一个与其同轴设置的环形槽，该环形槽刚好可嵌合盖帽。
进一步的，所述盖帽通过螺钉与销轴的外花键段轴向外端面连接固定。
进一步的，所述螺钉为沉头螺钉。
进一步的，所述复位弹簧为锥形螺旋弹簧。
进一步的，所述复位弹簧为碟簧。
进一步的，所述工具头可以是开口扳手、闭环扳手、棘轮套筒扳手、锤或钳叉。
本发明的优点在于：
（1）本发明中，使用状态，在复位弹簧作用下，柄杆与工具头的相对夹角限位由外花键段同时啮合单支座和U形支座的单侧耳板实现，将限位旋钮段沿销轴轴向按向另一侧，使得外花键段脱离内花键孔，即转换至解锁状态下；无需在U形支架两侧采用双内花键孔设计，进而降低该结构的加工难度，提升合格率、降低成本；
（2）本发明中，作为解锁状态下需要按下的限位旋钮段，其作为销轴的一部分整体成形支承，确保限位旋钮段与销轴整体的同轴度，继而避免采用分体式造成的卡死现象；更重要的是，由于本发明中单支架与U形支架之间在锁定状态下，由销轴的外花键段及第一、二内花键孔的花键齿承受扭矩及部分弯矩，即单侧受力，并非原有的双侧受力，但通过利用与销轴整体成形的限位旋钮段在另一侧承受弯矩，确保整体受力稳定；
（3）光轴段的直径等于第一内花键孔的齿顶圆直径或略小于第一内花键孔的齿顶圆直径，使得解锁状态下，光轴段刚好与第一内花键孔的齿顶接触，进而由光轴段支承、定位单支架，避免解锁调节状态下柄杆与工具头发生较大幅度的错位，确保再次顺利切换至锁定状态；
（4）环形槽的设计，能够顺利容纳在反复解锁调节过程中或者使用状态下构件之间相对转动、受力产生的金属碎屑，避免卡死，延长使用寿命，同时，其也能够作为锥形螺旋弹簧的最内环的容纳槽。
附图说明
图1为现有的可旋转、可锁定旋转机制的手动工具的示意图。
图2为本发明的可旋转和锁定工具头的工具的分解示意图。
图3为采用锥形螺旋弹簧处于啮合状态示意图。
图4为图3的正视图。
图5为图4的A-A剖视图。
图6为图3的侧视图。
图7为采用锥形螺旋弹簧处于调节状态的正视图。
图8为图7的B-B剖视图。
图9为采用锥形螺旋弹簧处于调节状态的侧视图。
图10为图9的C-C剖视图。
图11为采用碟簧处于啮合状态示意图。
图12为图11的D-D剖视图。
图13为本发明的可旋转和锁定工具头的工具的分解侧视图。
图14为本发明的可旋转和锁定工具头的工具的分解平面图。
图15为本发明中复位弹簧安装位置示意图。
图16为本发明中螺钉与盖帽的示意图。
图17为本发明的销轴的正视图。
图18为本发明的销轴的侧视图。
具体实施方式
下面的实施例可以使本专业的技术人员更全面地理解本发明，但并不因此将本发明限制在所述的实施例范围之中。
如图2-图18所示的一种可旋转和锁定工具头的工具，包括柄杆5，以及安装在柄杆5前端的工具头1，工具头1可以是开口扳手、闭环扳手、棘轮套筒扳手、锤或钳叉，柄杆5与工具头1之间具有一用于调节或固定两者之间相对角度的调节机构，该调节机构包括单支座4、U形支座及销轴。
在单支座4上具有第一内花键孔13。
U形支座具有一对对称设置的耳板3，两耳板3之间形成一个刚好可容纳单支座4的间隙，并在两耳板3上分别开有同轴的第二内花键孔12和第三通孔11，且第二内花键孔12与第一内花键孔13规格完全相同，第三通孔11为内壁光滑的光孔。
销轴依次穿过第二内花键孔12、第一内花键孔13和第三通孔11进而将单支座4与U形支座连接形成铰接结构。
如图17、图18所示，该销轴具有依次同轴设置且整体加工成型的外花键段10、光轴段9和限位旋钮段8。
限位旋钮段8嵌入第三通孔11内并与第三通孔11滑动配合，并作为销轴在第二内花键孔12、第一内花键孔13和第三通孔11内沿其自身轴向移动的一侧限位。
光轴段9的直径等于第一内花键孔13的齿顶圆直径或略小于第一内花键孔13的齿顶圆直径，略小于的尺寸控制在- 1~2mm之间，通过对光轴段9的进行控制，使得解锁状态下，光轴段9刚好与第一内花键孔13的齿顶接触，进而由光轴段9支承、定位单支座4，避免解锁调节状态下柄杆5与工具头1发生较大幅度的错位，确保再次顺利切换至锁定状态。
光轴段9的直径、第一内花键孔13的齿顶圆直径、第二内花键孔12的齿顶圆直径与第三通孔11的直径之间尺寸关系为：光轴段直径d≤第一内花键孔的齿顶圆直径da1=第二内花键孔的齿顶圆直径da2＜第三通孔的直径d通。
光轴段9上套装有一位于第三通孔11内的复位弹簧7，该复位弹簧7的一端抵住限位旋钮段8的内侧端面，另一端抵住单支座4的第一内花键孔13外围侧端面。在本发明中，复位弹簧7可以为锥形螺旋弹簧，也可以为碟簧，当复位弹簧7为碟簧时，复位弹簧7内圈的口径要不小于外花键段10的齿顶圆直径，同时第三通孔11的直径与限位旋钮段8的直径要大于第二内花键孔12的齿顶圆直径，如图11、12所示。
在销轴上还具有一个位于光轴段9、限位旋钮段8之间的低位环形槽15。环形槽15的设计，能够顺利容纳在反复解锁调节过程中或者使用状态下构件之间相对转动、受力产生的金属碎屑，避免卡死，延长使用寿命，同时，其也能够作为锥形螺旋弹簧的最内环的容纳槽。
外花键段10为可顺利同时插入第一内花键孔13、第二内花键孔12内并能够与第一内花键孔13、第二内花键孔12的内花键啮合的构造，外花键段10的轴向外端连接一可拆卸的盖帽2，该盖帽2作为销轴在第二内花键孔12、第一内花键孔13和第三通孔11内沿其自身轴向移动的另一侧限位，且通过盖帽2对销轴的轴向限位确保限位旋钮段8始终有部分位于第三通孔11内。
如图16所示，盖帽2通过螺钉14与销轴的外花键段10轴向外端面连接固定。在本实施例中，螺钉13为沉头螺钉。
在第二内花键孔12的轴向外端还具有一个与其同轴设置的环形槽6，该环形槽6刚好适配可嵌合盖帽2。
销轴外花键段10在与第一内花键孔13、第二内花键孔12同时啮合状态下的轴向位置中，单支座4与U形支座相对围绕销轴的旋转均被禁止；销轴外花键段10在不与第一内花键孔13啮合状态下的轴向位置中，单支座4与U形支座相对围绕销轴的旋转是被允许的。
工作原理：以复位弹簧7为锥形螺旋弹簧为例作具体的说明，在进行装配时，首先，将复位弹簧7从外花键段10处向光轴段9方向套入，利用复位弹簧7本身具有的弹性，使得复位弹簧7套入光轴段9的外侧，且复位弹簧7口径小的一端抵在限位旋钮段8的内侧端，然后将单支座4嵌入U形支座上的间隙中，并将第二内花键孔12、第一内花键孔13和第三通孔11对准后，将装有复位弹簧7的销轴从第三通孔11处嵌入，并依次穿过第一内花键孔13、第二内花键孔12，在将盖帽2通过螺钉14与销轴的外花键段10轴向外端面连接固定，此时外花键段10分别与第一内花键孔13、第二内花键孔12相啮合，通过这种啮合避免钳叉1与钳柄5之间相对转动，同时复位弹簧7的另一端抵住单支座4的第一内花键孔13外围侧端面，从而完成整体的装配，形成如图3-图6所示的结构。
在使用时，当需要调节工具头1的角度时，按下限位旋钮段8，使得销轴在力的作用下整体向第二内花键孔12方向移动，此时复位弹簧7也会受到挤压，直至外花键段10脱离第一内花键孔13的齿形结构，如图7-图10所示，即转换至解锁状态下，此时工具头1可自由转动，将工具头1调整至所需角度时，松开限位旋钮段8，此时整个销轴在复位弹簧7的弹性的作用下复位，外花键段10再次与第一内花键孔13的齿形结构相啮合，再次转换至锁紧状态，调节完成。
本行业的技术人员应该了解，本发明不受上述实施例的限制，上述实施例和说明书中描述的只是说明本发明的原理，在不脱离本发明精神和范围的前提下，本发明还会有各种变化和改进，这些变化和改进都落入要求保护的本发明范围内。本发明要求保护范围由所附的权利要求书及其等效物界定。

Claims (9)

  1. 一种可旋转和锁定工具头的工具，包括柄杆，以及安装在柄杆前端的工具头，所述柄杆与工具头之间具有一用于调节或固定两者之间相对角度的调节机构，其特征在于该调节机构包括：
    一单支座，单支座上具有第一内花键孔；
    一U形支座，该U形支座具有一对对称设置的耳板，两耳板之间形成一个刚好可容纳单支座的间隙，并在两耳板上分别开有同轴的第二内花键孔和第三通孔，且第二内花键孔与第一内花键孔规格完全相同，第三通孔为内壁光滑的光孔；
    一销轴，该销轴依次穿过第二内花键孔、第一内花键孔和第三通孔进而将单支座与U形支座连接形成铰接结构；
    该销轴具有依次同轴设置且整体加工成型的外花键段、光轴段和限位旋钮段，所述的限位旋钮段嵌入第三通孔内并与第三通孔滑动配合，并作为销轴在第二内花键孔、第一内花键孔和第三通孔内沿其自身轴向移动的一侧限位；光轴段上套装有一位于第三通孔内的复位弹簧，该复位弹簧的一端抵住限位旋钮段的内侧端面，另一端抵住单支座的第一内花键孔外围侧端面；外花键段为可顺利同时插入第一、二内花键孔内并能够与第一、二内花键孔的内花键啮合的构造，外花键段的轴向外端连接一可拆卸的盖帽，该盖帽作为销轴在第二内花键孔、第一内花键孔和第三通孔内沿其自身轴向移动的另一侧限位，且通过盖帽对销轴的轴向限位确保限位旋钮段始终有部分位于第三通孔内；
    当销轴外花键段在与所述第一内花键孔及第二内花键孔同时啮合状态下的轴向位置中时，所述单支座与U形支座相对围绕销轴的旋转均被禁止；当所述销轴外花键段在不与第一内花键孔啮合状态下的轴向位置中时，所述单支座与U形支座相对围绕销轴的旋转是被允许的。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的可旋转和锁定工具头的工具，其特征在于：所述光轴段的直径等于第一内花键孔的齿顶圆直径或略小于第一内花键孔的齿顶圆直径。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的可旋转和锁定工具头的工具，其特征在于：所述销轴上还具有一个位于光轴段、限位旋钮段之间的低位环形槽。
  4. 根据权利要求1、2或3所述的可旋转和锁定工具头的工具，其特征在于：所述第二内花键孔的轴向外端还具有一个与其同轴设置的环形槽，该环形槽刚好可嵌合盖帽。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的可旋转和锁定工具头的工具，其特征在于：所述盖帽通过螺钉与销轴的外花键段轴向外端面连接固定。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的可旋转和锁定工具头的工具，其特征在于：所述螺钉为沉头螺钉。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的可旋转和锁定工具头的工具，其特征在于：所述复位弹簧为锥形螺旋弹簧。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的可旋转和锁定工具头的工具，其特征在于：所述复位弹簧为碟簧。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的可旋转和锁定工具头的工具，其特征在于：所述工具头可以是开口扳手、闭环扳手、棘轮套筒扳手、锤或钳叉。
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CN108938192B (zh) * 2018-08-21 2023-07-25 武汉威和光电股份有限公司 一种头戴式焊接防护面罩
CN109356472A (zh) * 2018-12-10 2019-02-19 贵州航锐航空精密零部件制造有限公司 一种特种车辆开锁手柄
CN109551427A (zh) * 2019-01-09 2019-04-02 中国长江电力股份有限公司 螺纹连接端盖拆装装置
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CN110626488B (zh) * 2019-09-27 2023-03-14 中国航空工业集团公司西安飞机设计研究所 一种舱门对接装置
CN117136659A (zh) * 2023-10-24 2023-12-01 吉林省农业科学院(中国农业科技东北创新中心) 一种水田灭茬搅浆整地机
CN117136659B (zh) * 2023-10-24 2024-01-09 吉林省农业科学院(中国农业科技东北创新中心) 一种水田灭茬搅浆整地机

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