WO2017158811A1 - キャピラリ電気泳動装置 - Google Patents
キャピラリ電気泳動装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2017158811A1 WO2017158811A1 PCT/JP2016/058661 JP2016058661W WO2017158811A1 WO 2017158811 A1 WO2017158811 A1 WO 2017158811A1 JP 2016058661 W JP2016058661 W JP 2016058661W WO 2017158811 A1 WO2017158811 A1 WO 2017158811A1
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- capillary
- electrophoresis apparatus
- conductive member
- electrophoresis
- electrode holder
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/26—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating electrochemical variables; by using electrolysis or electrophoresis
- G01N27/416—Systems
- G01N27/447—Systems using electrophoresis
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/26—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating electrochemical variables; by using electrolysis or electrophoresis
- G01N27/416—Systems
- G01N27/447—Systems using electrophoresis
- G01N27/44756—Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G01N27/44791—Microapparatus
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/26—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating electrochemical variables; by using electrolysis or electrophoresis
- G01N27/416—Systems
- G01N27/447—Systems using electrophoresis
- G01N27/44756—Apparatus specially adapted therefor
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/26—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating electrochemical variables; by using electrolysis or electrophoresis
- G01N27/416—Systems
- G01N27/447—Systems using electrophoresis
- G01N27/44704—Details; Accessories
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/26—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating electrochemical variables; by using electrolysis or electrophoresis
- G01N27/416—Systems
- G01N27/447—Systems using electrophoresis
- G01N27/44704—Details; Accessories
- G01N27/44708—Cooling
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/26—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating electrochemical variables; by using electrolysis or electrophoresis
- G01N27/416—Systems
- G01N27/447—Systems using electrophoresis
- G01N27/44704—Details; Accessories
- G01N27/44713—Particularly adapted electric power supply
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an electrophoresis apparatus using a capillary, and particularly to a technology for reducing the size and the risk of discharge.
- Capillary electrophoresis separates charged DNA for each base length by keeping a capillary filled with a separation medium at a constant temperature and applying a high voltage.
- the sample base sequence can be read by irradiating the capillary with excitation light and detecting the fluorescence emitted from the fluorescent dye label of DNA passing through the capillary.
- the conventional capillary electrophoresis apparatus has been designed so as not to dispose conductive parts near the cathode end of the capillary in order to avoid discharge.
- the cathode end of the capillary and the conductive parts are inevitably arranged close to each other, increasing the possibility of discharge.
- Patent Document 1 Even if a conductive component is arranged near the cathode end of the capillary, the spatial distance from the electrode of the capillary to the conductive component and the creepage distance are small. A structure that is large is disclosed.
- Patent Document 2 discloses an electrophoresis apparatus including a capillary and a support on which the capillary is disposed, a temperature control heater in direct contact with the capillary, an optical system, and a high-voltage power supply. With this structure in which the capillary is in direct contact with the heater, the time for raising the temperature to a predetermined temperature at the time of electrophoretic analysis can be shortened.
- Patent Document 2 is an effective means for speeding up analysis results by shortening the time required to start capillary electrophoresis.
- a method of speeding up capillary electrophoresis to speed up the analysis result for example, increasing the voltage applied to the capillary is one of them. However, if the applied voltage is increased, the above-described potential difference is further increased, and this may cause a discharge in nearby parts other than the capillary.
- a method of increasing the creepage distance a method of processing a part that can correspond to the creepage distance into a complicated shape and increasing the surface area is often used. It is a method to increase creepage distance by making irregularities where simple surface shapes are sufficient.
- the discharge risk increases or decreases depending on the presence or absence of cutting marks, molding marks, etc. on the surface of the part, the ambient temperature in the apparatus, and the state of humidity.
- a place where discharge has once occurred may easily recur as a discharge path, and it is difficult to take measures against discharge only by complicating the components.
- a method of insulating by closing the space is also used. If the capillary electrode can be spatially cut off from the outside and attached, it is easy to cut off the space including the high voltage portion. However, since the capillary is a consumable part and must be replaced after a certain number of electrophoresis cycles, the capillary electrode must also be in a space accessible to the user to be replaced, Spatial blocking is also difficult.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a capillary electrophoresis apparatus that solves the above-described problems and reduces the risk of discharge even in a component configuration that does not allow sufficient creepage distance and spatial distance.
- a capillary electrophoresis apparatus for analyzing a sample by electrophoresis using a capillary, comprising a heater for heating the capillary, a capillary electrode, and connected to a high voltage portion And a conductive member that is at least partially made of metal and grounded to a low potential, the electrode holder and the conductive member are in contact with each other by a structure, and the structure is an insulating member.
- An electrophoresis apparatus is provided.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a capillary cartridge according to the first embodiment.
- 1 is an exploded view of a capillary cartridge according to Embodiment 1.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of attachment of a capillary cartridge according to the first embodiment.
- 1 is a configuration diagram of a vicinity of a capillary with reduced discharge risk according to Embodiment 1.
- FIG. FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a capillary cartridge according to the first embodiment. 1 is an exploded view of a capillary cartridge according to Embodiment 1.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of attachment of a capillary cartridge according to the first embodiment.
- 1 is a configuration diagram of a vicinity of a capillary with reduced discharge risk according to Embodiment 1.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example of a shape of a conductive member according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. The block diagram of the capillary vicinity which reduced the discharge risk which concerns on Example 2.
- FIG. The block diagram of the capillary vicinity which reduced the discharge risk which concerns on Example 3.
- FIG. The block diagram of the capillary vicinity which reduced the discharge risk which concerns on Example 4.
- FIG. FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a graph 1 for explaining the effect of the configuration of Example 3;
- FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating a graph 2 for explaining the effect of the configuration of the third embodiment.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a graph 3 for explaining the effect of the configuration of the third embodiment.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a graph 4 for explaining the effect of the configuration of Example 3;
- Example 1 is an example of a capillary electrophoresis apparatus in which a discharge risk is reduced even in a component configuration in which a creepage distance and a spatial distance cannot be sufficiently obtained. That is, Example 1 is a capillary electrophoresis apparatus that analyzes a sample by electrophoresis using a capillary, and includes at least one heater that heats the capillary, an electrode holder that holds the capillary electrode, and is connected to the high voltage unit.
- This is an embodiment of an electrophoretic device in which a portion is made of a metal and includes a conductive member grounded at a low potential, the electrode holder and the conductive member are in contact with each other through a structure, and the structure is an insulating member. Embodiment 1 will be described below with reference to FIGS.
- FIG. 1 shows a configuration example of a capillary electrophoresis apparatus according to the first embodiment.
- This apparatus can be roughly divided into two units: an irradiation detection / constant temperature chamber unit 40 in the upper part of the apparatus and an auto sampler unit 20 in the lower part of the apparatus.
- a Y-axis drive body 23 is mounted on a sampler base 21 and can be driven on the Y-axis.
- a Z-axis drive body 24 is mounted on the Y-axis drive body 23 and can drive the Z-axis.
- a sample tray 25 is mounted on the Z-axis driver 24, and the user sets the electrophoresis medium container 28, the anode side buffer container 29, the cathode side buffer container 33, and the sample container 26 on the sample tray 25. .
- the sample container 26 is set on the X-axis driver 22 mounted on the sample tray 25, and only the sample container 26 can be driven on the X-axis on the sample tray 25.
- a liquid feeding mechanism 27 is also mounted on the Z-axis drive body 24. The liquid feeding mechanism 27 is disposed below the electrophoresis medium container 28.
- the irradiation detection / temperature chamber unit 40 includes a temperature chamber unit 41 and a temperature chamber door 43 which are temperature chambers, and the inside can be kept at a constant temperature.
- An irradiation detection unit 42 which is a detection unit, is mounted behind the thermostatic chamber unit 41 and can perform detection during electrophoresis.
- a capillary cartridge which will be described in detail later, is set in the thermostatic chamber unit 41, and electrophoresis is performed while the capillary is kept at a constant temperature in the thermostatic chamber unit 41, and detection is performed by the irradiation detection unit 42.
- the thermostat unit 41 is also equipped with an electrode (anode) 44 for dropping to GND when a high voltage for electrophoresis is applied.
- the thermostatic chamber unit 41 includes a capillary cartridge mounting surface 50 described later.
- the capillary cartridge is fixed to the thermostat unit 41.
- the electrophoresis medium container 28, the anode side buffer container 29, the cathode side buffer container 33, and the sample container 26 can be driven on the YZ axis by the autosampler unit 20, and only the sample container 26 is further driven on the X axis. I can do it.
- the electrophoresis medium container 28, the anode side buffer solution container 29, the cathode side buffer solution container 33, and the sample container 26 can be automatically connected to an arbitrary position by the movement of the autosampler unit 20 to the capillary of the fixed capillary cartridge. I can do it.
- FIG. 2 shows a top view of the capillary electrophoresis apparatus shown in FIG.
- the anode-side buffer container 29 set on the sample tray 25 includes an anode-side washing tank 30, an anode-side electrophoresis buffer tank 31, and an anode-side sample introduction buffer tank 32.
- the cathode side buffer container 33 includes a waste liquid tank 34, a cathode side washing tank 35, and a cathode side electrophoresis buffer tank 36.
- the electrophoresis medium container 28, the anode-side buffer container 29, the cathode-side buffer container 33, and the sample container 26 are arranged in a positional relationship as shown in FIG. Accordingly, the positional relationship between the anode side and the cathode side when the capillary cartridge in the thermostat unit 41 is connected to the capillary 02 is “electrophoresis medium container 28-waste liquid tank 34”, “anode side cleaning tank 30—cathode side”.
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the capillary electrophoresis apparatus shown in FIG.
- the electrophoresis medium container 28 is set on the sample tray 25. Further, the liquid feeding mechanism 27 is disposed so that the plunger built in the liquid feeding mechanism 27 is located below the electrophoresis medium container 28.
- the right side in FIG. 3 is the cathode side of the capillary 02 and the left side is the anode side.
- the autosampler unit 20 moves to the position of “anode-side electrophoresis buffer tank 31-cathode-side electrophoresis buffer tank 36” shown in FIG. 2, and a high voltage is applied to the capillary 02 on the electrode (cathode) 08 side.
- electrophoresis is performed by flowing the electrode (anode) 44 through GND via the cathode buffer solution container 33 and the anode buffer solution container 29.
- the position of the sample tray 25 may be fixed, and an apparatus structure in which the irradiation detection / constant temperature chamber unit 40 is movable may be employed.
- FIG. 4 shows a schematic diagram of one configuration of the capillary cartridge in the present embodiment.
- the capillary cartridge 01 includes a capillary 02, a support body 03, a heat radiating body 04, an electrode holder 05, a detection unit 06, a capillary head 07, an electrode (cathode) 08, and a handle 09 which is a gripping unit.
- the electrode (cathode) 08 may have a structure directly fixed to the support 03.
- the capillary cartridge 01 is arranged in this order from the front side of FIG. 4 in the order of the support body 03 having the handle 09, the heat radiator 04, and the capillary 02.
- the capillary head 07 is an end of the capillary 02 and is an injection end or a discharge end that holds the capillary 02 in a bundle and fills the electrophoresis medium.
- the capillary cartridge 01 when the capillary cartridge 01 is attached to the electrophoresis apparatus, it functions as an injection end by connecting the capillary head 07 and a container storing the electrophoresis medium.
- the capillary head 07 is installed in a bent state in the electrophoresis apparatus.
- FIG. 5 shows an exploded view of the capillary cartridge 01 in the present embodiment shown in FIG.
- the radiator 04 is affixed to the support 03 by the adhesiveness or tackiness of the radiator 04, chemical adhesion, physical attachment mechanism, or the like.
- the capillary 02 has an integral structure by attaching the electrode holder 05 and the detection unit 06 to the support body 03.
- the electrode holder 05 holds an electrode (cathode) 08, and is fixed to the support body 03 by passing the electrode holder fixing pin 10 formed on the electrode holder 05 through the electrode holder fixing hole 11 of the support body 03. It has become.
- the support body 03 includes a detection unit fixing frame 12 that fixes the detection unit 06.
- the detection unit 06 is fixed to the support body 03 by being fitted into the detection unit fixing frame 12 formed on the support body 03.
- the capillary 02 is a soot channel coated with light shielding and strength, and is, for example, a quartz glass tube with an inner diameter of about 50 ⁇ m coated with polyimide.
- the tube is filled with an electrophoresis medium to provide an electrophoresis path for separating the sample. Since the capillary 02 and the heat radiating body 04 are in close contact, heat generated from the capillary 02 when a high voltage is applied can be released to the support 03 side by the heat radiating body 04, and temperature rise inside the capillary 02 can be prevented. it can.
- Electrodes (cathodes) 08 exist corresponding to the number of capillaries 02, and by applying a voltage, charged samples can be introduced into the capillaries 02 and electrophoretic separation can be performed for each molecular size.
- the electrode (cathode) 08 is a stainless steel pipe having an inner diameter of about 0.1 to 0.5 mm, for example, and a capillary 02 is inserted therein.
- the detection unit 06 is located in the middle part of the capillary 02, and the capillaries 02 are arranged in a plane with a certain accuracy.
- the detection unit 06 is a part for detecting the fluorescence of the sample passing through the capillary 02 and needs to be aligned with the position of the detection system of the apparatus with high accuracy.
- FIG. 6 shows an example of a detailed view of attachment of the capillary cartridge 01 of the present embodiment.
- the upper part of the figure shows the state before attachment, and the lower part shows the state after attachment to the thermostatic chamber unit 41.
- the detection unit 06 is temporarily fixed by the clip 51.
- the tapered electrode holder positioning pin 15 on the thermostatic chamber unit 41 side of the apparatus to be attached automatically enters the electrode holder positioning hole 16 of the support 03, the capillary cartridge 01 is moved in one operation. 41 is temporarily fixed.
- the electrode holder positioning pin 15 and the electrode holder positioning hole 16 may be mounted in opposite positions. That is, the electrode holder 05 and the support body 03 can be fixed by passing an electrode holder positioning pin provided on one side through an electrode holder positioning hole provided on the other side.
- FIG. 7 shows a configuration example in the vicinity of the capillary 02 with reduced discharge risk in the capillary electrophoresis apparatus of the present embodiment.
- a heater assembly 60 is attached to the thermostatic chamber base 67. In the figure, the heater assembly 60 is shown separated from the thermostatic chamber base 67 for easy understanding. The same applies hereinafter.
- the heater assembly 60 includes a heat insulating material 61, a resistance heater 62, a conductive member 63, and a heat radiating rubber 64 constituting a structure including an insulating member, which are fixed to each other by a method such as adhesion, welding, or screwing. .
- the heat generated by the resistance heater 62 is transferred to the capillary 02 of the capillary cartridge 01 through the conductive member 63 and the heat radiating rubber 64 to heat the capillary 02.
- a heat insulating material 61 is attached to the thermostat base 67 side of the heater assembly 60 so as not to dissipate the heat of the resistance heater 62.
- the heat radiation rubber 64 needs to efficiently transmit the heat generated from the resistance heater 62 to the capillary 02, it is desirable that the heat radiation rubber 64 has excellent heat conductivity. Further, it is desirable that the material is soft so as not to damage the capillary 02 that comes into contact.
- the temperature of the resistance heater 62 is controlled by a temperature detection sensor such as a thermistor attached to the heater assembly 60.
- the attachment position of the thermistor may be any of the heat insulating material 61, the resistance heater 62, the conductive member 63, and the heat radiation rubber 64, but is preferably on the heat radiation rubber 64.
- the low potential part contacts the conductive member 63.
- the low potential portion is generally called ground or GND (ground), and has a virtual zero potential when connected to the power source of the apparatus.
- GND ground
- a ground plate 66 is attached to the thermostatic chamber base 67 as a low potential portion that contacts the conductive member 63.
- the ground plate 66 is grounded to the conductive member 63 while avoiding the surfaces of the heat insulating material 61 and the resistance heater 62.
- a shape of the low potential portion a shape such as a ground GND or a frame GND via a frame of the apparatus may be used instead of the ground plate.
- FIG. 8 shows a structure in which chamfering 70 is performed as a specific example of the shape of the conductive member 63 in the present embodiment.
- the conductive member 63 is a member excellent in conductivity containing at least a part of metal.
- one metal plate such as aluminum, iron, brass, and stainless steel is a preferable example.
- a resin plate or an elastomer mixed with metal powder or metal filler may be used.
- a metal surface, a metal sheet, a metal thin film, or the like that is vapor-deposited on the resistance heater 62 or the heat radiation rubber 64 may be used.
- the conductive member 63 similarly has a zero potential by being grounded to the ground plate 66 having a zero potential as described above. Since the conductive member 63 has a zero potential, it has the effect of lowering the potential of neighboring parts and the function of determining the point where the potential drops for a portion to which a high voltage is applied. But it ’s okay.
- the shape is a single plate. However, in order to avoid electric field concentration, it is desirable to avoid an acute shape as much as possible, and to reduce the risk of discharge by chamfering 70 or the like at the edge portion.
- FIG. 8 is an example in which a plate shape along the shape of the heater assembly 60 is taken and chamfering 70 is performed to avoid electric field concentration.
- FIG. 9 shows an example in which the conductive member 63 shown in FIG. 8 is insulated. It is desirable that the conductive member 63 is insulated so that no direct discharge occurs to the conductive member 63. For example, it is a preferable example that the entire conductive member 63 is wrapped with a polyimide sheet, an insulating elastomer, a resin, or the like.
- FIG. 9 shows a specific example in which the thickness of the insulating member is changed in proportion to the distance from the high voltage portion and the optimum insulation treatment is performed. Since the upper portion of the conductive member 63 is farthest from the high voltage portion, one insulating material 80 is wound, and the middle portion is thicker than the upper portion and two insulating materials 81 are wound. Three insulating materials 82 are wound the thickest at the lower part where the distance from the high voltage part is short. Insulating materials typified by polyimide sheets are generally expensive, and the thermal conductivity decreases as the thickness increases. A function that suppresses the decrease in conductivity can be realized.
- gradation may be given to the insulating performance and the thermal conductivity in one insulating material. It goes without saying that an insulating material having a uniform thickness can be applied to the entire surface if the reduction in cost and thermal conductivity is within an allowable range. However, in any case, it is necessary to perform insulation treatment in a form in which the conductive member 63 has a function of grounding to the ground plate 66. Moreover, the surface where the thermostat base 67 and the conductive member 63 are in contact may protrude so that a sufficient creepage distance from the conductive member 63 can be obtained.
- the thermostatic chamber base 67 and the electrode holder 05 are insulating members, the high voltage portion and the low voltage portion having zero potential are in contact with each other by a plurality of insulated structures. Then, the potential gradually decreases from the portion where the high voltage is applied to the conductive member 63 having zero potential using the thermostatic chamber base 67 as a dielectric.
- the conductive member 63 grounded to the ground plate 66 which is a low potential portion has a virtual zero potential of the apparatus in the same manner as the ground plate 66. In general, a high potential is generated at a portion where high voltage is applied and in the vicinity thereof. However, since the potential of components located near the conductive member 63 and the conductive member 63 having zero potential is lowered, the electrode plug 65 or the electrode holder In this configuration, no discharge is generated from the high voltage portion 05 to other than the conductive member 63.
- the fact that the area of the conductive member 63 is larger than, for example, the area of the member to which a high voltage is applied by the capillary electrode held by the electrode holder is one of the factors that increase the effect of suppressing the discharge to the vicinity. .
- Example 2 is another example of the capillary electrophoresis apparatus in which the risk of discharge is reduced even in a component configuration in which the creepage distance and the spatial distance cannot be sufficiently secured.
- the same constituent members as those of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 7 are provided, but the order of the conductive surface included in the heater assembly 60 and the resistance heater 62 is different. That is, the conductive member 63 is disposed adjacent to the heat insulating material 61, and then the resistance heater 62 is disposed. This is because by replacing the conductive surface of the resistance heater 62 and the conductive member 63, the distance between the conductive surface of the conductive member 63 and the thermostatic chamber base 67 is made closer, and the conductive surface of the conductive member 63 than when the resistance heater 62 is interposed. And the electric potential of the thermostat base 67 is made close.
- the conductive member 63 is provided with an insulation measure so that no direct discharge occurs to the conductive member 63.
- the order of components configured to improve the performance may be switched, and the shape may be changed accordingly.
- Embodiment 3 is an embodiment in which a thermal insulation function is further provided in a capillary electrophoresis apparatus in which the discharge risk is reduced even in a component configuration in which a creepage distance and a spatial distance cannot be sufficiently obtained. That is, Example 3 is a capillary electrophoresis apparatus that analyzes a sample by electrophoresis using a capillary, and includes at least one heater that heats the capillary, an electrode holder that holds the capillary electrode, and is connected to the high voltage unit.
- Capillary electrophoresis in which the part is made of metal and has a conductive heat storage plate grounded at a low potential, and the electrode holder and the conductive heat storage plate are in contact with each other through a structure, and the structure is an insulating member It is the Example of an apparatus.
- the heat storage function is provided by using the conductive heat storage plate 90 instead of the conductive member 63 in the embodiment shown in FIG. 7.
- the conductive heat storage plate 90 which is a conductive member, is a member having excellent conductivity that includes at least a part of metal, and has a large heat capacity.
- one metal plate such as aluminum, iron, brass, and stainless steel having a thickness of about 1.0 mm to 10.0 mm is one of preferable examples from the viewpoint of conductivity and heat capacity.
- those having a high heat capacity are preferable.
- the conductive heat storage plate 90 and the electrode holder 05 are in contact with the heat radiation rubber 64 as a structure made of an insulating member, as in the first embodiment.
- the conductive heat storage plate 90 for example, when the capillary cartridge 01 is replaced, even if the user opens and closes the thermostatic chamber door 43, an effect that the temperature does not easily decrease is obtained. This is because the conductive heat storage plate 90 that is a conductive member has a function of sufficiently storing heat generated from the resistance heater 62 with a high heat capacity in addition to a function of reducing discharge risk.
- FIG. 13 is a graph showing one of ideal states in which there is no floating metal around the electrode holder 05 which is a high voltage application unit, and all the insulated structures in contact with the electrode holder 05 function as dielectrics.
- the horizontal axis indicates the distance, and the vertical axis indicates the potential.
- the distance x at the position of the electrode holder 05 to which ⁇ 20 kV is applied is set to zero. At this time, as shown in the upper part of the figure, the potential gradually drops from ⁇ 20 kV to 0 kV, and no discharge occurs.
- FIG. 14 shows the results of performing an electrophoresis test by removing the conductive heat storage plate 90 from the configuration in the vicinity of the capillary in FIG. 11 of this example.
- the applied voltage of the apparatus was applied stepwise from 0 kV to ⁇ 20 kV, both the current value of the apparatus power supply and the capillary current value fluctuated greatly. From the device power supply and the capillary, a large discharge has occurred from around 18 kV. It can be seen that discharge occurs from the electrode holder 05 which is a high voltage application section in a gap of about 10 mm, which is formed because there is no internal conductive heat storage plate 90.
- FIG. 14 shows an example in which the phenomenon occurring at this time is predicted from the viewpoint of potential and electric field. Electric field concentration occurs through the gap, and discharge occurs because it breaks through the pressure resistance of air. At this time, the potential has dropped rapidly.
- a conductive heat storage plate 90 and an electrode holder 05 are provided, and a space of 1 mm or less is provided between the insulated structure and the conductive heat storage plate 90 therebetween.
- the result when an electrophoresis test is performed is shown.
- the extreme fluctuation of the current value does not occur compared to FIG. 14, instead, the fluctuation of the minute current value occurs intermittently even in the low voltage environment, and a large current value is obtained when the voltage of ⁇ 19 kV and ⁇ 20 kV is applied. Shaking is happening.
- the left side of FIG. 15 is an example in which the phenomenon occurring at this time is predicted from the viewpoint of potential and electric field. Since the conductive heat storage plate 90 has a zero potential, the potential drops toward here, but since it is insulated, it does not lead to a discharge. Electric field concentration occurs in a minute gap of 1 mm or less, but does not lead to a large discharge phenomenon. However, since the gap is 1 mm or less, which is smaller than the example shown in FIG. 14, intermittent current value fluctuations occur. In addition, when a high voltage of ⁇ 19 kV or higher is applied, discharge eventually occurs.
- FIG. 16 shows the results when an electrophoresis test was conducted with the structure of this example.
- the gap provided in FIG. 15 is removed, and the conductive heat storage plate 90 and the electrode holder 05 are continuously in contact with each other by a single or a plurality of insulated structures without any gap. Almost no fluctuations in the current value are observed in both the apparatus power supply and the capillary.
- the left side of FIG. 16 is an example in which the phenomenon occurring at this time is predicted from the viewpoint of the electric potential and electric field. Since the conductive heat storage plate 90 has a zero potential, the potential drops toward here, but since it is insulated, it does not lead to a discharge. In addition, since there is no gap, the structure that is an insulating member becomes a dielectric even after passing through the conductive heat storage plate 90, and the potential gradually decreases.
- Embodiment 4 is an embodiment of another configuration in which a thermal insulation function is further provided in a capillary electrophoresis apparatus in which a discharge risk is reduced even in a component configuration in which a creepage distance and a space distance cannot be sufficiently obtained.
- the capillary electrophoresis apparatus includes a heater for heating the capillary, a non-conductive heat storage plate, an electrode holder that holds the capillary electrode and is connected to the high voltage portion, and at least a part thereof is made of metal.
- the electrophoretic device includes a conductive member grounded at a low potential, and the electrode holder and the conductive member are in contact with each other through a structure that is an insulating member.
- a conductive heat storage plate 90 having a heat storage function is used as a non-conductive heat storage plate 100, and a conductive member 63 is attached as a conductive surface.
- a nonconductive heat storage plate such as alumina or glass plate having a thickness of about 1.0 mm to 10.0 mm as the nonconductive heat storage plate 100 is one of preferable examples from the viewpoint of heat capacity. is there.
- the conductive member 63 attached to the non-conductive heat storage plate 100 a single metal plate such as aluminum, iron, brass, stainless steel, etc. mentioned in the previous embodiment, a resin plate mixed with metal powder or metal filler , Elastomers, vapor-deposited metal surfaces and sheets, and metal thin films. Also in this embodiment, it is desirable that the conductive member 63 is insulated so that the conductive member 63 is not directly discharged.
- the conductive surface of the conductive member 63 is sandwiched between the resistance heater 62 and the nonconductive heat storage plate 100, but the nonconductive heater is a combination of the resistance heater 62 and the conductive heat storage plate 90.
- the conductive member 63 is attached to what is generally called a ceramic heater or a glass heater, and is insulated so that no direct discharge occurs.
- a conductive member that is grounded with a low potential generally called an earth or a ground and that is at least partially made of metal can be considered to have a substantially zero potential.
- the potential difference can be gradually lowered even if there is a potential difference.
- the electrode holder that holds the capillary electrode has a high potential because it is connected to the high voltage part. Therefore, if the electrode holder and the conductive member are in contact with each other by an insulating member, the potential can be gradually lowered even when a high voltage is applied to the capillary via the electrode.
- the structure is not an insulating member, it does not have a property as a dielectric, so it does not have a function of gently dropping the potential difference. Therefore, the structure is composed of an insulating member composed of a single layer or a plurality of layers.
- the conductive member when the conductive member is a simple metal plate or a vapor-deposited metal surface and is not in contact with the earth or ground, it is a metal that floats in the air, so that the potential difference does not drop and is only kept constant. Moreover, if the conductive member is not present, the destination where the high potential of the high voltage portion falls cannot be determined. Then, the discharge or the discharge location changes depending on the surface condition of the nearby component and the change in the distance due to driving. For these reasons, it is difficult to take measures against electric discharge unless at least a part of the present invention is made of metal and there is a conductive member grounded to a low potential and a surface containing the low potential and the grounded metal.
- this invention is not limited to the above-mentioned Example, Various modifications are included.
- the above-described embodiments have been described in detail for better understanding of the present invention, and are not necessarily limited to those having all the configurations described.
- a part of the configuration of one embodiment can be replaced with the configuration of another embodiment, and the configuration of another embodiment can be added to the configuration of one embodiment.
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Abstract
Description
Claims (10)
- キャピラリを用いて電気泳動によりサンプルを分析するキャピラリ電気泳動装置であって、
前記キャピラリを加熱するヒータと、
前記キャピラリのキャピラリ電極を保持し、高電圧部と接続する電極ホルダと、
少なくとも一部が金属から成り、かつ低電位に接地された導電部材と、
を備え、
前記電極ホルダと前記導電部材間は構造体で接しており、前記構造体は絶縁部材である、
ことを特徴とする電気泳動装置。 - 請求項1に記載の電気泳動装置であって、
前記導電部材に絶縁処理が施されている、
ことを特徴とする電気泳動装置。 - 請求項2に記載の電気泳動装置であって、
前記導電部材の絶縁処理が、前記電極ホルダからの距離に応じて段階的に施されている、
ことを特徴とする電気泳動装置。 - 請求項1に記載の電気泳動装置であって、
前記キャピラリと前記導電部材間は前記構造体で連続的に接している、
ことを特徴とする電気泳動装置。 - 請求項1に記載の電気泳動装置であって、
前記構造体は、単一もしくは複数の層から構成される、
ことを特徴とする電気泳動装置。 - 請求項1に記載の電気泳動装置であって、
前記導電部材が、前記キャピラリ電極により高電圧が印加される部材の面積よりも大きい、
ことを特徴とする電気泳動装置。 - 請求項1に記載の電気泳動装置であって、
前記導電部材が面取りされている、
ことを特徴とする電気泳動装置。 - 請求項1に記載の電気泳動装置であって、
前記導電部材は、導電性蓄熱板から構成される、
ことを特徴とする電気泳動装置。 - 請求項1に記載の電気泳動装置であって、
前記導電部材と前記構造体との間に非導電性蓄熱板が配置される、
ことを特徴とする電気泳動装置。 - キャピラリを用いた電気泳動により分析を行うキャピラリ電気泳動装置であって、
前記キャピラリを加熱するヒータと、
前記キャピラリのキャピラリ電極を保持し、高電圧部と接続する電極ホルダと、
少なくとも一部が金属から成り、かつ低電位に接地された導電性蓄熱板と、
を備え、
前記電極ホルダと前記導電性蓄熱部材間は単一もしくは複数の構造体で連続的に接しており、前記構造体は絶縁部材である、
ことを特徴とする電気泳動装置。
Priority Applications (9)
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CN202010585170.6A CN111693591B (zh) | 2016-03-18 | 2016-03-18 | 电泳装置 |
JP2018505180A JP6633737B2 (ja) | 2016-03-18 | 2016-03-18 | キャピラリ電気泳動装置 |
US16/083,780 US11125720B2 (en) | 2016-03-18 | 2016-03-18 | Capillary electrophoresis apparatus |
PCT/JP2016/058661 WO2017158811A1 (ja) | 2016-03-18 | 2016-03-18 | キャピラリ電気泳動装置 |
DE112016006388.1T DE112016006388T5 (de) | 2016-03-18 | 2016-03-18 | Kapillarelektrophoresevorrichtung |
GB2118302.5A GB2603633B8 (en) | 2016-03-18 | 2016-03-18 | Capillary electrophoresis apparatus |
CN201680083029.8A CN108700548B (zh) | 2016-03-18 | 2016-03-18 | 毛细管电泳装置 |
GB1814667.0A GB2562986B8 (en) | 2016-03-18 | 2016-03-18 | Capillary electrophoresis apparatus |
US17/406,686 US20210382004A1 (en) | 2016-03-18 | 2021-08-19 | Capillary Electrophoresis Apparatus |
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US16/083,780 A-371-Of-International US11125720B2 (en) | 2016-03-18 | 2016-03-18 | Capillary electrophoresis apparatus |
US17/406,686 Continuation US20210382004A1 (en) | 2016-03-18 | 2021-08-19 | Capillary Electrophoresis Apparatus |
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US (2) | US11125720B2 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP6633737B2 (ja) |
CN (2) | CN111693591B (ja) |
DE (1) | DE112016006388T5 (ja) |
GB (2) | GB2562986B8 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2017158811A1 (ja) |
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JP1671132S (ja) * | 2020-03-04 | 2020-10-26 | ||
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JP1671133S (ja) * | 2020-03-04 | 2020-10-26 |
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CN111693591B (zh) | 2023-12-26 |
US20190041359A1 (en) | 2019-02-07 |
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GB2603633A8 (en) | 2023-01-18 |
GB2603633B (en) | 2022-12-28 |
US11125720B2 (en) | 2021-09-21 |
DE112016006388T5 (de) | 2018-10-25 |
GB2562986B (en) | 2022-06-29 |
GB2562986A (en) | 2018-11-28 |
GB2603633A (en) | 2022-08-10 |
JP6633737B2 (ja) | 2020-01-22 |
JPWO2017158811A1 (ja) | 2019-01-17 |
US20210382004A1 (en) | 2021-12-09 |
CN111693591A (zh) | 2020-09-22 |
GB2562986B8 (en) | 2022-08-03 |
GB201814667D0 (en) | 2018-10-24 |
CN108700548B (zh) | 2020-07-07 |
CN108700548A (zh) | 2018-10-23 |
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