WO2017156798A1 - 发光器件、背光模组及显示装置 - Google Patents

发光器件、背光模组及显示装置 Download PDF

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WO2017156798A1
WO2017156798A1 PCT/CN2016/077948 CN2016077948W WO2017156798A1 WO 2017156798 A1 WO2017156798 A1 WO 2017156798A1 CN 2016077948 W CN2016077948 W CN 2016077948W WO 2017156798 A1 WO2017156798 A1 WO 2017156798A1
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layer
light emitting
electroluminescent
disposed
photoluminescent
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French (fr)
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周凯锋
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TCL China Star Optoelectronics Technology Co Ltd
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Shenzhen China Star Optoelectronics Technology Co Ltd
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Priority to JP2018548695A priority Critical patent/JP2019508861A/ja
Priority to KR1020187028317A priority patent/KR102120742B1/ko
Priority to US15/039,425 priority patent/US20180097194A1/en
Publication of WO2017156798A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017156798A1/zh
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
    • H10K59/30—Devices specially adapted for multicolour light emission
    • H10K59/38—Devices specially adapted for multicolour light emission comprising colour filters or colour changing media [CCM]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
    • H10K50/10—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED]
    • H10K50/11—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED] characterised by the electroluminescent [EL] layers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
    • H10K50/10—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED]
    • H10K50/14—Carrier transporting layers
    • H10K50/15—Hole transporting layers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
    • H10K50/10—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED]
    • H10K50/14—Carrier transporting layers
    • H10K50/16—Electron transporting layers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
    • H10K50/10—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED]
    • H10K50/17—Carrier injection layers
    • H10K50/171—Electron injection layers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
    • H10K50/80—Constructional details
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K77/00—Constructional details of devices covered by this subclass and not covered by groups H10K10/80, H10K30/80, H10K50/80 or H10K59/80
    • H10K77/10—Substrates, e.g. flexible substrates
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
    • H10K50/80—Constructional details
    • H10K50/85—Arrangements for extracting light from the devices
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/549—Organic PV cells

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of light sources, and more particularly to a light emitting device, a backlight module having the same, and a display device having the same.
  • Electroluminescent devices and photoluminescent devices are common in light-emitting devices, and electroluminescent devices have the advantages of active light emission, low power consumption, light weight, and the like, and are widely used in various fields.
  • An electroluminescent device is a type of electronic device that converts electrical energy into light energy.
  • a typical structure of an electroluminescent device is typically a transparent substrate, an electroluminescent layer (e.g., an electroluminescent film), and a cathode disposed sequentially on a transparent substrate.
  • polarized electroluminescent devices are gradually favored by manufacturers.
  • polarized electroluminescent devices are applied to backlights of liquid crystal displays. Polarized electroluminescent devices can directly emit polarized light, thereby eliminating a layer of polarizing plates for liquid crystal displays, thereby greatly improving the utilization of light energy. And simplify the internal component structure of the liquid crystal display.
  • the polarized electroluminescent device further comprises an alignment layer on the basis of a general electroluminescent device.
  • the polarized electroluminescent device mainly orients the electroluminescent layer through an alignment layer to form optical anisotropy and electrical properties of the electroluminescent layer. Anisotropy, which in turn achieves the emission of polarized light.
  • the alignment layer tends to have a lower carrier transport capability (generally Insulating material) makes the luminous efficiency of the polarized electroluminescent device low.
  • the orientation process of the alignment layer material such as the rubbing orientation, causes surface defects of the electroluminescent layer, which easily quenches the luminescence, resulting in low luminous efficiency of the polarized electroluminescent device.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a light-emitting device which can avoid problems such as low carrier transport capability caused by an alignment layer and surface defects of the electroluminescent layer, thereby improving the light-emitting device. Luminous efficiency.
  • the present invention provides a light emitting device comprising a substrate, an electroluminescent device, a photoluminescent layer and an alignment layer, the alignment layer being disposed on the substrate, the photoluminescent layer and The alignment layer is adjacently stacked, the alignment layer has an orientation effect on the photoluminescent layer, and the electroluminescent component is disposed on a side of the photoluminescent layer away from the alignment layer or disposed on the The side of the substrate remote from the alignment layer, the electroluminescent assembly comprising a transparent anode, an electroluminescent layer and a cathode stacked in sequence, the transparent anode facing the substrate.
  • the photoluminescent layer is composed of a substance having optical anisotropy and electrical anisotropy.
  • the photoluminescent layer comprises at least one of a red light emitting material, a green light emitting material, a blue light emitting material and a yellow light emitting material.
  • the photoluminescent layer comprises poly(2-(4-(3',7'-dimethyloctyloxyphenyl)-1,4-phenylene vinyl) and/or poly(2-methoxyl) , 5(2'-ethylhexyloxy)-1,4-phenylenevinylene).
  • the material of the electroluminescent layer is at least one of a blue light emitting material, a red light emitting material and an ultraviolet light emitting material.
  • the electroluminescent layer comprises poly(9,9-dioctylfluorene-2,7-diyl).
  • the electroluminescent device further includes a hole transport layer disposed between the electroluminescent layer and the transparent anode, the electron transport layer being disposed on the Between the electroluminescent layer and the cathode.
  • the electroluminescent assembly further includes a hole injection layer between the hole transport layer and the transparent anode, and an electron injection layer disposed on the electron Between the transport layer and the cathode.
  • the present invention further provides a backlight module, which comprises the light emitting device of any of the above.
  • the present invention also provides a display device, the backlight device described above group.
  • the light emitting device comprises a substrate, an electroluminescent component, a photoluminescent layer and an alignment layer, the alignment layer is disposed on the substrate, and the photoluminescent layer is opposite to the alignment layer Adjacent stacking, the alignment layer has an orientation effect on the photoluminescent layer, and the electroluminescent component is disposed on a side of the photoluminescent layer away from the alignment layer or disposed away from the substrate
  • the electroluminescent assembly comprises a transparent anode, an electroluminescent layer and a cathode stacked in sequence, the transparent anode facing the substrate.
  • the alignment layer is not disposed in the electroluminescent assembly, but is disposed on the substrate, and adjacent to the photoluminescent layer, orients the photoluminescent layer, since the photoluminescent layer does not need to be transmitted.
  • the carrier therefore, the alignment layer does not adversely affect the photoluminescent layer, so that the alignment layer can be prevented from reducing the carrier transport capability of the electroluminescent device;
  • On the substrate therefore, surface defects of the electroluminescent layer caused when the alignment layer is oriented can be avoided, thereby improving the luminous efficiency of the entire light-emitting device.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a light emitting device according to a first embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a light emitting device according to an embodiment of the first embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a light emitting device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a light emitting device according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
  • connection In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms “installation”, “connected”, and “connected” are to be understood broadly, and may be fixed or detachable, for example, unless otherwise explicitly defined and defined.
  • the ground connection, or the integral connection may be a mechanical connection; it may be directly connected, or may be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and may be internal communication between the two elements.
  • the specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in a specific case by those skilled in the art.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a light emitting device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • the light emitting device includes a substrate 210, an alignment layer 220, a photoluminescent layer 330, and an electroluminescent device 100.
  • the alignment layer 220 is disposed on the substrate 210, and the light is disposed on the substrate 210.
  • the photoluminescent layer 230 is stacked adjacent to the alignment layer 230, that is, the photoluminescent layer 220 is disposed on the alignment layer 220, and the alignment layer 220 has an orientation effect on the photoluminescent layer 230.
  • the electroluminescent assembly 100 is disposed on a side of the photoluminescent layer 230 that is away from the alignment layer 220.
  • the electroluminescent assembly includes a transparent anode 110, an electroluminescent layer 120, and a cathode 130 that are sequentially stacked, the transparent anode 110 facing the substrate 210.
  • the material of the alignment layer 220 may be polyimide (PI) or polyvinyl carbazole (PVK).
  • the alignment layer 220 may be aligned by rubbing or by light.
  • the photoluminescent layer 230 may have optical anisotropy and electrical anisotropy.
  • the photoluminescent layer 230 is composed of a substance having optical anisotropy and electrical anisotropy.
  • the fact that the photoluminescence layer 230 has optical anisotropy means that the light has different optical properties when propagating in different directions in the photoluminescence layer; the photoluminescence layer 230 has electrical anisotropy means that it is along the interior of the photoluminescence layer 230. There are differences in electrical properties in different directions.
  • the orientation of the photoluminescent layer 230 can be achieved such that the light emitting device can emit polarized light.
  • the electroluminescent assembly 100 includes a transparent anode 110, an electroluminescent layer 120, and a cathode 130 that are sequentially stacked on the photoluminescent layer.
  • the material of the transparent anode 110 may be indium tin oxide, and the cathode 130 may be aluminum or magnesium.
  • the material of the electroluminescent layer 120 may be at least one of a blue light emitting material, a red light emitting material, and an ultraviolet light emitting material, that is, the material of the electroluminescent layer 120 may be a blue light emitting material or a red light emitting material. And any one of the ultraviolet luminescent materials, or a combination of two or more of a blue luminescent material, a red luminescent material, and an ultraviolet luminescent material.
  • the electroluminescent layer 120 may comprise a blue light emitting material poly(9,9-dioctylfluorene-2,7-diyl) (abbreviated as PFO) and/or graphene oxide and partially reduced graphene oxide (GO&rGO for short). .
  • the electroluminescent layer 120 may have a thickness of 40 to 100 nm.
  • the photoluminescent layer 230 may include any one of a red light emitting material, a green light emitting material, a blue light emitting material, and a yellow light emitting material, or include a red light emitting material, a green light emitting material, and a blue light emitting material. Two or more combinations of yellow light emitting materials.
  • the photoluminescent layer 230 may comprise a green light-emitting material poly(2-(4-(3',7'-dimethyloctyloxybenzene)-1,4-phenylenevinyl)) (referred to as P-PPV).
  • the photoluminescent layer 230 may have a thickness of 20 to 200 nm.
  • the photoluminescent layer 230 is directly irradiated through the transparent anode 110, and the photoluminescent layer 230 is excited by the light from the electroluminescent device 100 to emit light. Due to the action of the alignment layer 230, polarized light is finally emitted.
  • the color of the emitted polarized light is composed of the material of the electroluminescent layer 120 and
  • the photoluminescent layer 230 material determines, for example, when the material of the electroluminescent layer 120 is a blue light emitting material PFO and the photoluminescent layer 230 is a red light emitting material EH-P-PPV, emitted from the electroluminescent device 100.
  • the blue light eventually passes through the photoluminescent layer 230 and the alignment layer 220 to be converted into white polarized light.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a light emitting device according to an embodiment of the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • the electroluminescent assembly 100 further includes a hole transport layer 140 and an electron transport layer 150 disposed between the electroluminescent layer 120 and the transparent anode 110, the electron transport layer 150 is disposed between the electroluminescent layer 120 and the cathode 130.
  • the hole transport layer 140 can increase the mobility of holes of the transparent anode 110 to the electroluminescent layer 120
  • the electron transport layer 150 can increase the electrons of the cathode 130 to the electricity.
  • the mobility of the light-emitting layer 120 migrates, so that the electrons and holes recombine more efficiently, the luminous efficiency is higher, and the energy consumption is relatively reduced.
  • the alignment layer is not disposed in the electroluminescent assembly, but is disposed on the substrate, and adjacent to the photoluminescent layer, to the photoluminescent layer Orienting, since the photoluminescent layer does not need to transport carriers, the alignment layer does not adversely affect the photoluminescent layer, thereby preventing the alignment layer from reducing carriers of the electroluminescent assembly The transmission capability; and since the alignment layer is disposed on the substrate, surface defects of the electroluminescent layer caused when the alignment layer is oriented can be avoided, thereby improving the luminous efficiency of the entire light-emitting device.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a light emitting device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • the structure of the light emitting device in this embodiment (second embodiment) is substantially the same as that of the light emitting device described in the first embodiment, except that the electroluminescent device 100 of the light emitting device in this embodiment further includes a hole injection layer 160 and an electron injection layer 170, the hole injection layer 160 being located between the hole transport layer 140 and the transparent electrode 110, the electron injection layer 170 being disposed on the electron transport layer 150 and Between the cathodes 130.
  • the transparent anode 110 When a driving voltage is applied to the transparent anode 110 and the cathode 130, a current passes through the transparent anode 110, and the transparent anode 110 efficiently transports holes to the hole transport layer 140 through the hole injection layer 160.
  • the hole transport layer 140 transports holes to the electroluminescent layer 120 to further increase the mobility of holes; meanwhile, the cathode 130 is efficiently injected into the electron transport layer 150 through the electron injection layer 170. Electrons, the electron transport layer 150 transmits electrons to the electroluminescence
  • the layer 120 further increases the mobility of electrons, recombines holes and electrons in the electroluminescent layer 120 to emit light, and improves the luminous efficiency of the light-emitting device.
  • a part of the light emitted from the electroluminescent layer 120 is reflected by the cathode 130 and then passed through the electron injection layer 170, the electron transport layer 150, the electroluminescent layer 120, the hole transport layer 140, the hole injection layer 160, and the transparent anode 110.
  • the photoluminescent layer 230 is irradiated to the photoluminescent layer 230 directly through the hole transporting layer 140, the hole injecting layer 160 and the transparent anode 110, and the photoluminescent layer 230 is derived from the electroluminescent layer.
  • the light emitted by 120 is excited to emit light, and the light emitting device finally emits polarized light due to the action of the alignment layer 230.
  • the color of the emitted polarized light is determined by the material of the electroluminescent layer 120 and the material of the photoluminescent layer 230, for example, when the material of the electroluminescent layer 120 is a blue light emitting material PFO and the photoluminescent layer 230 is a red light emitting material.
  • the blue light emitted from the electroluminescent device 100 is finally converted into white polarized light through the photoluminescent layer 230 and the alignment layer 220.
  • the hole injection layer 160 is disposed between the hole transport layer 140 and the transparent electrode 110, an electron injection layer 170 is disposed between the electron transport layer 150 and the cathode 130.
  • the mobility of holes and electrons is greatly improved, thereby further improving the luminous efficiency of the light-emitting device, further reducing the driving voltage and reducing energy consumption.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a light emitting device according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
  • the structure of the light emitting device in the present embodiment (third embodiment) is substantially the same as that of the light emitting device described in the second embodiment, except that the photoluminescence of the light emitting device in the embodiment is the same.
  • the layer 230 is disposed on a side of the substrate 210 away from the positioning layer 220, that is, the alignment layer 220 and the photoluminescent layer 230 are sequentially stacked on a side of the substrate 210 away from the electroluminescent assembly 100. .
  • the alignment layer 220 and the photoluminescent layer 230 are sequentially stacked on the side of the substrate 210 away from the electroluminescent device 100, it is more convenient to be disposed on the substrate 210.
  • the electroluminescent assembly 100 is prepared on one side of the alignment layer 220 and the photoluminescent layer 230, and the functional alignment of the electroluminescent assembly 100 is not damaged when the alignment layer 220 is frictionally aligned, thereby further improving the entire The luminous efficiency of the light emitting device.
  • An embodiment of the present invention further provides a backlight module, which includes the light emitting device of any of the above embodiments or embodiments.
  • Embodiments of the present invention also provide a display device including the backlight module described above.

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  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Electroluminescent Light Sources (AREA)

Abstract

一种发光器件、具有所述发光器件的背光模组及具有所述背光模组的显示装置，其中，所述发光器件包括基板（210）、定向层（220）、光致发光层（230）及电致发光组件（100），所述定向层（220）设置于所述基板（210）上，所述光致发光层（230）与所述定向层（220）相邻层叠，所述定向层（220）对所述光致发光层（230）具有定向作用，所述电致发光组件（100）设置于所述光致发光层（230）的远离所述定向层（220）的一侧或设置于所述基板（210）的远离所述定向层（220）的一侧，所述电致发光组件（100）包括依次层叠的透明阳极（110）、电致发光层（120）及阴极（130），所述透明阳极（110）朝向所述基板（210）。所述发光器件可以避免由定向层（220）所引起的载流子传输能力低以及电致发光层（120）存在表面缺陷等问题，从而提高所述发光器件的发光效率。

Description

发光器件、背光模组及显示装置
本申请要求于2016年03月15日提交中国专利局、申请号为201610147109.7、发明名称为“发光器件、背光模组及显示装置”的中国专利申请的优先权，上述在先申请的内容以引入的方式并入本文本中。
技术领域
本发明涉及光源领域，尤其涉及一种发光器件、具有所述发光器件的背光模组及具有所述背光模组的显示装置。
背景技术
发光器件常见的有电致发光器件和光致发光器件，而电致发光器件具有主动式发光、能耗低、重量轻等优点而广泛应用于各领域。电致发光器件是将电能转化为光能的一类电子器件，电致发光器件的典型结构通常是透明基板上依次设置透明阳极、电致发光层(例如，电致发光薄膜)和阴极。随着电致发光技术的不断进步，偏振电致发光器件逐渐为生产厂商所青睐。偏振电致发光器件作为新兴的研究方向，被应用于液晶显示器的背光源，偏振电致发光器件可直接发射偏振光，从而为液晶显示器省掉一层偏振片，从而大幅提高光能的利用率并简化液晶显示器内部的元件结构。
偏振电致发光器件在一般电致发光器的基础上还包括定向层，偏振电致发光器件主要是通过定向层对电致发光层进行取向，从而形成电致发光层的光学各向异性和电学各向异性，进而实现偏振光的发射。
然而，由于偏振电致发光器件需要引入定向层对电致发光层进行取向，而定向层的材料对电致发光器件的影响较大，定向层往往具有较低的载流子传输能力(一般为绝缘材料)，使偏振电致发光器件的发光效率较低。另外，对于定向层材料的取向过程，例如摩擦取向，会引起电致发光层的表面缺陷，容易淬灭发光，从而导致偏振电致发光器件的发光效率低。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题在于，提供一种发光器件，所述发光器件可以避免由定向层所引起的载流子传输能力低以及电致发光层存在表面缺陷等问题，从而提高所述发光器件的发光效率。
为了解决上述技术问题，本发明采用以下技术方案：
第一方面，本发明提供一种发光器件，所述发光器件包括基板、电致发光组件、光致发光层及定向层，所述定向层设置于所述基板上，所述光致发光层与所述定向层相邻层叠，所述定向层对所述光致发光层具有定向作用，所述电致发光组件设置于所述光致发光层的远离所述定向层的一侧或设置于所述基板的远离所述定向层的一侧，所述电致发光组件包括依次层叠的透明阳极、电致发光层及阴极，所述透明阳极朝向所述基板。
其中，所述光致发光层由具有光学各向异性和电学各向异性的物质组成。
其中，所述光致发光层包含红光发光材料、绿光发光材料、蓝光发光材料及黄光发光材料中的至少一种材料。
其中，所述光致发光层包含聚(2-(4-(3′，7′-二甲基辛氧基苯)-1，4-苯撑乙烯)和/或聚(2-甲氧基，5(2′-乙基己氧基)-1，4-苯撑乙烯撑)。
其中，所述电致发光层的材质是蓝光发光材料、红光发光材料及紫外发光材料中的至少一种材料。
其中，所述电致发光层包含聚(9，9-二辛基芴-2，7-二基)。
其中，所述电致发光组件还包括空穴传输层及电子传输层，所述空穴传输层设置于所述电致发光层和所述透明阳极之间，所述电子传输层设置于所述电致发光层和所述阴极之间。
其中，所述电致发光组件还包括空穴注入层和电子注入层，所述空穴注入层位于所述空穴传输层和所述透明阳极之间，所述电子注入层设置于所述电子传输层和所述阴极之间。
第二方面，本发明还提供一种背光模组，所述背光模组包括以上任一项所述的发光器件。
第三方面，本发明还提供一种显示装置，所述显示装置以上所述的背光模 组。
与现有技术相比，本发明的技术方案至少具有以下有益效果：
本发明的技术方案中，所述发光器件包括基板、电致发光组件、光致发光层及定向层，所述定向层设置于所述基板上，所述光致发光层与所述定向层相邻层叠，所述定向层对所述光致发光层具有定向作用，所述电致发光组件设置于所述光致发光层的远离所述定向层的一侧或设置于所述基板的远离所述定向层的一侧，所述电致发光组件包括依次层叠的透明阳极、电致发光层及阴极，所述透明阳极朝向所述基板。
即所述定向层不设置于电致发光组件中，而是设置于基板上，并且与所述光致发光层相邻，对所述光致发光层起定向作用，由于光致发光层无需传输载流子，因此，所述定向层不会对光致发光层产生不良影响，从而可以避免所述定向层降低所述电致发光组件的载流子传输能力；又由于所述定向层设置于所述基板上，因此，可以避免对所述定向层进行取向时所引起的电致发光层的表面缺陷，从而提高整个所述发光器件的发光效率。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1是本发明第一实施例中发光器件的结构示意图；
图2是本发明第一实施例的一种实施方式中发光器件的结构示意图；
图3是本发明第二实施例中发光器件的结构示意图；及
图4是本发明第三实施例中发光器件的结构示意图；
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是 全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
此外，以下各实施例的说明是参考附加的图示，用以例示本发明可用以实施的特定实施例。本发明中所提到的方向用语，例如，“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“内”、“外”、“侧面”等，仅是参考附加图式的方向，因此，使用的方向用语是为了更好、更清楚地说明及理解本发明，而不是指示或暗指所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。
在本发明的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸地连接，或者一体地连接；可以是机械连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。
此外，在本发明的描述中，除非另有说明，“多个”的含义是两个或两个以上。若本说明书中出现“工序”的用语，其不仅是指独立的工序，在与其它工序无法明确区别时，只要能实现该工序所预期的作用则也包括在本用语中。另外，本说明书中用“-”表示的数值范围是指将“-”前后记载的数值分别作为最小值及最大值包括在内的范围。在附图中，结构相似或相同的单元用相同的标号表示。
请参阅图1，图1是本发明第一实施例中发光器件的结构示意图。在本发明的第一实施例中，所述发光器件包括基板210、定向层220、光致发光层330及电致发光组件100，所述定向层220设置于所述基板210上，所述光致发光层230与所述定向层230相邻层叠，即所述光致发光层220设置于所述定向层220上，所述定向层220对所述光致发光层230具有定向作用。所述电致发光组件100设置于所述光致发光层230的远离所述定向层220的一侧。所述电致发光组件包括依次层叠的透明阳极110、电致发光层120及阴极130，所述透明阳极110朝向所述基板210。
所述定向层220的材质可以是聚酰亚胺(PI)或聚乙烯基咔唑(PVK)， 所述定向层220可以通过摩擦配向或者通过光配向。所述光致发光层230可以具有光学各向异性和电学各向异性，换句话说，所述光致发光层230由具有光学各向异性和电学各向异性的物质组成。光致发光层230具有光学各向异性是指光在光致发光层中的不同方向传播时，具有不同的光学性质；光致发光层230具有电学各向异性是指沿光致发光层230内部不同方向存在电学性质上的差异。因此，通过已进行配向的所述定向层220，能够实现所述光致发光层230的取向，从而使发光器件可以发射偏振光。
具体地，所述电致发光组件100包括依次层叠于所述光致发光层上的透明阳极110、电致发光层120及阴极130。所述透明阳极110的材质可以是铟锡氧化物，所述阴极130可以是铝或镁。
所述电致发光层120的材质可以是蓝光发光材料、红光发光材料及紫外发光材料中的至少一种材料，即所述电致发光层120的材质可以是蓝光发光材料、红光发光材料及紫外发光材料中任意一种，或者是蓝光发光材料、红光发光材料及紫外发光材料中两种或多种组合。例如，电致发光层120可以包含蓝光发光材料聚(9，9-二辛基芴-2，7-二基)(简称PFO)和/或氧化石墨烯及部分还原氧化石墨烯(简称GO&rGO)。所述电致发光层120的厚度可以是40～100nm。
所述光致发光层230可以包含红光发光材料、绿光发光材料、蓝光发光材料及黄光发光材料中的任意一种材料，或者包含红光发光材料、绿光发光材料、蓝光发光材料及黄光发光材料中两种或多种组合。例如，光致发光层230可以包含绿光发光材料聚(2-(4-(3′，7′-二甲基辛氧基苯)-1，4-苯撑乙烯))(简称P-PPV)和/或红光发光材料聚(2-甲氧基，5(2′-乙基己氧基)-1，4-苯撑乙烯撑)(简称EH-P-PPV)。所述光致发光层230的厚度可以是20～200nm。
当在所述透明阳极110和所述阴极130上加驱动电压时，电流通过透明阳极110向所述电致发光层120注入空穴，通过阴极130向所述电致发光层120注入电子，使空穴和电子在所述电致发光层120内复合而发光，所发出的光一部分经过阴极130反射后经过电致发光层120及透明阳极110并照射至所述光致发光层230，另一部分则是直接透过透明阳极110而照射到光致发光层230，光致发光层230被来自电致发光组件100的光激发而发光，由于定向层230的作用，最终发出偏振光。所发出的偏振光的颜色由电致发光层120的材料和 光致发光层230材料决定，例如，当电致发光层120的材料为蓝光发光材料PFO、而光致发光层230为红光发光材料EH-P-PPV时，从电致发光组件100发出的蓝光最终经过光致发光层230及定向层220而转换为白色偏振光。
进一步地，请参阅图2，图2是本发明第一实施例的一种实施方式中发光器件的结构示意图。所述电致发光组件100还包括空穴传输层140及电子传输层150，所述空穴传输层140设置于所述电致发光层120和所述透明阳极110之间，所述电子传输层150设置于所述电致发光层120和所述阴极130之间。在该实施方式中，空穴传输层140可以提高所述透明阳极110的空穴向所述电致发光层120迁移的迁移率，电子传输层150可以提高所述阴极130的电子向所述电致发光层120迁移的迁移率，从而使电子和空穴复合的效率更高，发光效率更高，相对减小耗能。
在本实施例(第一实施例)中，所述定向层不设置于电致发光组件中，而是设置于基板上，并且与所述光致发光层相邻，对所述光致发光层起定向作用，由于光致发光层无需传输载流子，因此，所述定向层不会对光致发光层产生不良影响，从而可以避免所述定向层降低所述电致发光组件的载流子传输能力；又由于所述定向层设置于所述基板上，因此，可以避免对所述定向层进行取向时所引起的电致发光层的表面缺陷，从而提高整个所述发光器件的发光效率。
请参阅图3，图3是本发明第二实施例中发光器件的结构示意图。本实施例(第二实施例)中的发光器件的结构与第一实施例中所述的发光器件的结构基本相同，不同之处在于：本实施例中发光器件的电致发光组件100还包括空穴注入层160和电子注入层170，所述空穴注入层160位于所述空穴传输层140和所述透明电极110之间，所述电子注入层170设置于所述电子传输层150和所述阴极130之间。
当在所述透明阳极110和所述阴极130上加驱动电压时，电流经过透明阳极110，透明阳极110通过所述空穴注入层160高效率地向所述空穴传输层140传输空穴，所述空穴传输层140向所述电致发光层120传输空穴，从而进一步提高空穴的迁移率；同时，阴极130通过所述电子注入层170高效率地向所述电子传输层150注入电子，所述电子传输层150再将电子传输至所述电致发光 层120，从而进一步提高电子的迁移率，使空穴和电子在所述电致发光层120内复合而发光，提高所述发光器件的发光效率。电致发光层120所发出的光一部分经过阴极130反射后经过电子注入层170、电子传输层150、电致发光层120、空穴传输层140、空穴注入层160及透明阳极110最后照射至所述光致发光层230，另一部分则是直接透过空穴传输层140、空穴注入层160及透明阳极110而照射到光致发光层230，光致发光层230被来自电致发光层120发出的光激发而发光，由于定向层230的作用，所述发光器件最终发出偏振光。所发出的偏振光的颜色由电致发光层120的材料和光致发光层230材料决定，例如，当电致发光层120的材料为蓝光发光材料PFO、而光致发光层230为红光发光材料EH-P-PPV时，从电致发光组件100发出的蓝光最终经过光致发光层230及定向层220转换为白色偏振光。
本实施例中，由于在所述空穴传输层140和所述透明电极110之间设置了空穴注入层160，在所述电子传输层150和所述阴极130之间设置了电子注入层170，从而极大地提高了空穴及电子的迁移率，从而进一步提高了所述发光器件的发光效率，进一步减小了驱动电压，减少能耗。
请参阅图4，图4是本发明第三实施例中发光器件的结构示意图。本实施例(第三实施例)中的发光器件的结构与第二实施例中所述的发光器件的结构基本相同，不同之处在于：本实施例中所述发光器件的所述光致发光层230设置于基板210的远离所述定位层220的一侧，即所述定向层220及所述光致发光层230依次层叠于所述基板210的远离所述电致发光组件100的一侧。
本实施例中，由于所述定向层220及所述光致发光层230依次层叠于所述基板210的远离所述电致发光组件100的一侧，因此，更便于在基板210的未设置所述定向层220和所述光致发光层230的一侧制备所述电致发光组件100，对定向层220进行摩擦配向时不会损坏电致发光组件100的任何功能层，从而进一步提高整个所述发光器件的发光效率。
本发明的实施例还提供一种背光模组，所述背光模组包括以上任一实施例或实施方式所述的发光器件。
本发明的实施例还提供一种显示装置，所述显示装置包括以上所述的背光模组。
在本说明书的描述中，参考术语“一个实施例”、“一些实施例”、“示例”、“具体示例”或“一些示例”等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点包含于本发明的至少一个实施例或示例中。在本说明书中，对上述术语的示意性表述不一定指的是相同的实施例或示例。而且，描述的具体特征、结构、材料或特点可以在任何的一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。
以上所述的实施方式，并不构成对该技术方案保护范围的限定。任何在上述实施方式的精神和原则之内所作的修改、等同替换和改进等，均应包含在该技术方案的保护范围之内。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种发光器件，其中，所述发光器件包括基板、定向层、光致发光层及电致发光组件，所述定向层设置于所述基板上，所述光致发光层与所述定向层相邻层叠，所述定向层对所述光致发光层具有定向作用，所述电致发光组件设置于所述光致发光层的远离所述定向层的一侧或设置于所述基板的远离所述定向层的一侧，所述电致发光组件包括依次层叠的透明阳极、电致发光层及阴极，所述透明阳极朝向所述基板。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的发光器件，其中，所述光致发光层由具有光学各向异性和电学各向异性的物质组成。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的发光器件，其中，所述光致发光层包含红光发光材料、绿光发光材料、蓝光发光材料及黄光发光材料中的至少一种材料，所述电致发光层的材质是蓝光发光材料、红光发光材料及紫外发光材料中的至少一种材料。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的发光器件，其中，所述光致发光层包含聚(2-(4-(3′，7′-二甲基辛氧基苯)-1，4-苯撑乙烯)和/或聚(2-甲氧基，5(2′-乙基己氧基)-1，4-苯撑乙烯撑)，所述电致发光层包含聚(9，9-二辛基芴-2，7-二基)。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的发光器件，其中，所述电致发光组件还包括空穴传输层及电子传输层，所述空穴传输层设置于所述电致发光层和所述透明阳极之间，所述电子传输层设置于所述电致发光层和所述阴极之间。
  6. 如权利要求2所述的发光器件，其中，所述电致发光组件还包括空穴传输层及电子传输层，所述空穴传输层设置于所述电致发光层和所述透明阳极之间，所述电子传输层设置于所述电致发光层和所述阴极之间。
  7. 如权利要求3所述的发光器件，其中，所述电致发光组件还包括空穴传输层及电子传输层，所述空穴传输层设置于所述电致发光层和所述透明阳极之间，所述电子传输层设置于所述电致发光层和所述阴极之间。
  8. 如权利要求4所述的发光器件，其中，所述电致发光组件还包括空穴传输层及电子传输层，所述空穴传输层设置于所述电致发光层和所述透明阳极之间，所述电子传输层设置于所述电致发光层和所述阴极之间。
  9. 如权利要求5所述的发光器件，其中，所述电致发光组件还包括空穴注入层和电子注入层，所述空穴注入层位于所述空穴传输层和所述透明阳极之间，所述电子注入层设置于所述电子传输层和所述阴极之间。
  10. 如权利要求6所述的发光器件，其中，所述电致发光组件还包括空穴注入层和电子注入层，所述空穴注入层位于所述空穴传输层和所述透明阳极之间，所述电子注入层设置于所述电子传输层和所述阴极之间。
  11. 如权利要求7所述的发光器件，其中，所述电致发光组件还包括空穴注入层和电子注入层，所述空穴注入层位于所述空穴传输层和所述透明阳极之间，所述电子注入层设置于所述电子传输层和所述阴极之间。
  12. 如权利要求8所述的发光器件，其中，所述电致发光组件还包括空穴注入层和电子注入层，所述空穴注入层位于所述空穴传输层和所述透明阳极之间，所述电子注入层设置于所述电子传输层和所述阴极之间。
  13. 一种背光模组，其中，所述背光模组包括发光器件，所述发光器件包括基板、定向层、光致发光层及电致发光组件，所述定向层设置于所述基板上，所述光致发光层与所述定向层相邻层叠，所述定向层对所述光致发光层具有定向作用，所述电致发光组件设置于所述光致发光层的远离所述定向层的一侧或设置于所述基板的远离所述定向层的一侧，所述电致发光组件包括依次层叠的透明阳极、电致发光层及阴极，所述透明阳极朝向所述基板。
  14. 如权利要求13所述的背光模组，其中，所述光致发光层由具有光学各向异性和电学各向异性的物质组成。
  15. 如权利要求14所述的背光模组，所述光致发光层包含红光发光材料、绿光发光材料、蓝光发光材料及黄光发光材料中的至少一种材料，所述电致发光层的材质是蓝光发光材料、红光发光材料及紫外发光材料中的至少一种材料。
  16. 如权利要求15所述的背光模组，其中，所述光致发光层包含聚(2-(4-(3′，7′-二甲基辛氧基苯)-1，4-苯撑乙烯)和/或聚(2-甲氧基，5(2′-乙基己氧基)-1，4-苯撑乙烯撑)，所述电致发光层包含聚(9，9-二辛基芴-2，7-二基)。
  17. 如权利要求16所述的背光模组，其中，所述电致发光组件还包括空穴传输层及电子传输层，所述空穴传输层设置于所述电致发光层和所述透明阳 极之间，所述电子传输层设置于所述电致发光层和所述阴极之间。
  18. 如权利要求17所述的背光模组，其中，所述电致发光组件还包括空穴注入层和电子注入层，所述空穴注入层位于所述空穴传输层和所述透明阳极之间，所述电子注入层设置于所述电子传输层和所述阴极之间。
  19. 一种显示装置，其中，所述显示装置包括背光模组，所述背光模组包括发光器件，所述发光器件包括基板、定向层、光致发光层及电致发光组件，所述定向层设置于所述基板上，所述光致发光层与所述定向层相邻层叠，所述定向层对所述光致发光层具有定向作用，所述电致发光组件设置于所述光致发光层的远离所述定向层的一侧或设置于所述基板的远离所述定向层的一侧，所述电致发光组件包括依次层叠的透明阳极、电致发光层及阴极，所述透明阳极朝向所述基板。
  20. 如权利要求19所示的显示装置，其中，所述光致发光层由具有光学各向异性和电学各向异性的物质组成，且所述光致发光层包含红光发光材料、绿光发光材料、蓝光发光材料及黄光发光材料中的至少一种材料，所述电致发光层的材质是蓝光发光材料、红光发光材料及紫外发光材料中的至少一种材料。
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