CN105097879A - 一种显示面板 - Google Patents

一种显示面板 Download PDF

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CN105097879A
CN105097879A CN201510432410.8A CN201510432410A CN105097879A CN 105097879 A CN105097879 A CN 105097879A CN 201510432410 A CN201510432410 A CN 201510432410A CN 105097879 A CN105097879 A CN 105097879A
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quantum dot
layer
display floater
floater according
glass substrate
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姜宇锐
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Wuhan China Star Optoelectronics Technology Co Ltd
TCL China Star Optoelectronics Technology Co Ltd
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Shenzhen China Star Optoelectronics Technology Co Ltd
Wuhan China Star Optoelectronics Technology Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201510432410.8A priority Critical patent/CN105097879A/zh
Priority to US14/897,658 priority patent/US10068949B2/en
Priority to PCT/CN2015/085560 priority patent/WO2017012133A1/zh
Publication of CN105097879A publication Critical patent/CN105097879A/zh
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    • H10K59/30Devices specially adapted for multicolour light emission
    • H10K59/35Devices specially adapted for multicolour light emission comprising red-green-blue [RGB] subpixels
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02FOPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
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    • GPHYSICS
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    • G09GARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
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    • G09G3/34Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source
    • G09G3/36Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source using liquid crystals
    • G09G3/3607Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source using liquid crystals for displaying colours or for displaying grey scales with a specific pixel layout, e.g. using sub-pixels
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    • H10K50/11OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED] characterised by the electroluminescent [EL] layers
    • H10K50/115OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED] characterised by the electroluminescent [EL] layers comprising active inorganic nanostructures, e.g. luminescent quantum dots
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    • G02FOPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
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Abstract

本发明提出了一种显示面板,其包括:激发光发射单元,包含量子点的波长转换单元,以及玻璃基板,来自所述激发光发射单元的激发光进入所述波长转换单元,所述波长转换单元将所述激发光的波长转换为显示画面所需的波长后使其经由所述玻璃基板射出。根据本发明的显示面板具有更宽色域的优势。

Description

一种显示面板
技术领域
本发明涉及显示技术领域,尤其涉及一种显示面板。
背景技术
图1显示了现有技术中的薄膜晶体管液晶显示面板(TFT-LCD)。参照图1,现有技术中的薄膜晶体管液晶显示面板包括灯条1、导光板2、增亮膜3、下偏光片4、阵列基板5、液晶层6、彩膜基板7、上偏光片8以及反射片9。通过控制施加在液晶层6上的电压来控制液晶分子的转向,从而使由背光模组(包括灯条1、导光板2、增亮膜3和反射片9)发出并经过下偏光片4产生的线偏振光的偏振方向发生角度的改变。光透过彩膜基板7后形成不同颜色的光。由于光的偏振方向与上偏光片8的透光轴之间存在不同夹角,可以控制出射光的强弱,从而形成需要的显示画面。
在现有技术中的薄膜晶体管液晶显示面板中,液晶层6本身不能发光,需要上述形式的背光模组来作为光源,这造成液晶显示面板色域较小。
图2显示了现有技术中的有机发光二极管(OLED)显示面板。参照图2,现有技术中的有机发光二极管显示面板包括玻璃基板10、阳极(其材料主要为氧化铟锡ITO)11、空穴注入层12、空穴传输层13、蓝色有机发光层14、红色有机发光层15、绿色有机发光层16、电子传输层17、电子注入层18以及阴极19。箭头表示出射光。
制造这种结构的有机发光二极管显示面板,在实际的工艺中需要在大尺寸的玻璃基板上先后蒸镀红色、蓝色和绿色三种有机发光材料。这样的工艺过程良率低下,导致有机发光二极管(OLED)显示面板的成本居高不下。
发明内容
为了解决上述现有技术中的缺点,本申请提出了一种显示面板,其包括:
激发光发射单元,
包含量子点的波长转换单元,以及
玻璃基板,
来自所述激发光发射单元的激发光进入所述波长转换单元,所述波长转换单元将所述激发光的波长转换为显示画面所需的波长后使其经由所述玻璃基板射出。下文将给出的试验结果有利地证明了根据本发明的显示面板具有更宽色域的优势。
优选地,所述激发光发射单元和所述波长转换单元均为位于所述玻璃基板的同一侧的层状结构。
优选地,所述波长转换单元包括贴附在所述玻璃基板上的量子点膜层。由于量子点受激发光的半峰宽较窄,根据本发明的显示面板相较于现有技术中的液晶显示面板能实现较宽的色域。
优选地,所述量子点膜层包括能够发出红光的红色量子点层、能够发出绿光的绿色量子点层以及能够发出蓝光的蓝色量子点层。根据本发明的显示面板具有自发光的特性,不需要背光模组,厚度较现有技术中的液晶显示面板大大减小,暗态亮度低,对比度高。
优选地,所述量子点膜层中的量子点的直径位于2-20nm的范围内。
优选地,所述量子点膜层划分为多个像素,至少一个像素中包含三个分别与红色量子点层、绿色量子点层以及蓝色量子点层相对应的子像素。在一个像素中,不同强度的红色、绿色和蓝色三色的可见光混合,就组成了一个像素的现实图像。
优选地,所述量子点包括位于内部的核部、位于所述核部之外的壳部以及位于所述壳部之外的有机配位体。核壳结构有利于量子点的发光效率,有机配位体有利于将量子点安装到载体物质中。
优选地,所述激发光为波长位于100-400nm的范围内的紫外光。
优选地,所述激发光发射单元包括从相邻于所述量子点膜层处向外依次设置的阳电极层、空穴注入层、空穴传输层、紫外光有机发光层、电子传输层、电子注入层以及阴电极层,在所述阳电极层和所述阴电极层之间能够施加电压。现有技术中的三色有机发光二极管需要整面蒸镀三层有机发光层,而根据本发明的一个实施例中的显示面板仅需要整面蒸镀一层紫外光的有机发光层,这使得制程难度将大大降低,良率提高,成本下降。
优选地,在所述玻璃基板的远离所述激发光发射单元的一侧设置有紫外光吸收膜。以此方式,可以吸收多余的紫外光,避免对观测者造成伤害。
上述技术特征可以各种适合的方式组合或由等效的技术特征来替代,只要能够达到本发明的目的。
附图说明
在下文中将基于实施例并参考附图来对本发明进行更详细的描述。其中:
图1显示了现有技术中的薄膜晶体管液晶显示面板的结构示意图;
图2显示了现有技术中的有机发光二极管显示面板的结构示意图;
图3显示了根据本发明的一个实施例中的显示面板的结构示意图;
图4显示了根据本发明的一个实施例中的显示面板中的量子点的结构示意图;
图5显示了根据本发明的一个实施例中的显示面板的紫外光吸收膜的透光率和紫外光有机发光层的发光光谱;
图6显示了根据本发明的一个实施例中的显示面板的量子点受激发光光谱;以及
图7显示了采用根据本发明的一个实施例中的显示面板的显示器和现有技术中的液晶显示器的色域对比图。
在附图中,相同的部件使用相同的附图标记。附图并未按照实际的比例。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图对本发明作进一步说明。
图3显示了根据本发明的一个实施例中的显示面板的结构示意图。参照图3,根据本发明的一个实施例中的显示面板包括:激发光发射单元、包含量子点的波长转换单元,以及玻璃基板10。来自所述激发光发射单元的激发光进入所述波长转换单元,所述波长转换单元将所述激发光的波长转换为显示画面所需的波长后使其经由所述玻璃基板10射出。箭头表示出射光。所述激发光发射单元和所述波长转换单元均为位于所述玻璃基板10的同一侧(图3中显示为玻璃基板10的上侧)的层状结构。在玻璃基板10的远离所述激发光发射单元的一侧(图3中显示为玻璃基板10的下侧)设置有紫外光吸收膜20。
所述波长转换单元包括贴附在所述玻璃基板10上的量子点膜层。具体地,所述量子点膜层包括能够发出红光的红色量子点层22、能够发出蓝光的蓝色量子点层23以及能够发出绿光的绿色量子点层24。在一个实施例中,所述量子点膜层(即红色量子点层22、蓝色量子点层23和绿色量子点层24)中的量子点的直径位于2-20nm的范围内。
具体地,整张量子点膜层划分为多个像素,每个像素中又包含三个分别与红色量子点层22、蓝色量子点层23以及绿色量子点层24相对应的子像素。
量子点(Quantumdot,QD)是一种具有纳米单位尺寸的半导体结构。与一维量子线不同,量子点(Quantumdot,QD)具有零维结构。量子点(Quantumdot,QD)的直径可位于2-20nm的范围内,并可以根据量子点的尺寸将短波长的波转变为包括红、绿、蓝三原色的不同颜色(波长)的可见光。
图4显示了根据本发明的一个实施例中的显示面板中的量子点的结构示意图。在图4中可以明显地看出,所述量子点包括位于内部的核部71、位于核部71之外的壳部72以及位于壳部72之外的有机配位体73。核部71例如可通过ZnS、ZnO、GaN、ZnSe等半导体材料中的一种或多种来制造;壳部72可通过SiO、TiO、ZnO、SiO2等氧化物中的一种来形成;有机配位体73可包括COOH、NH4等有机物的基团。核壳结构和有机配位体的设置可以增强量子点的发光效果。在根据本发明的一个实施例中的显示面板中,紫外光74摄入到量子点中对其进行激发,量子点吸收了来自紫外光74的能量,发生能级的跃迁,从相对稳定的能级跃迁到相对不稳定的能级,然后再从相对不稳定的能级回落到相对稳定的能级(例如由激发态回落至基态),在回落的过程中释放出可见光形式的能量。选择适当的材料和结构,即可使量子点释放红色、绿色或蓝色的可见光。
在根据本发明的一个实施例中的显示面板中,上述激发光为波长位于100-400nm的范围内的紫外光。
再次参照图3,所述激发光发射单元包括从相邻于所述量子点膜层(即红色量子点层22、蓝色量子点层23和绿色量子点层24)处向外依次设置的阳电极层11、空穴注入层12、空穴传输层13、紫外光有机发光层21、电子传输层17、电子注入层18以及阴电极层19。另外,在玻璃基板10的远离所述激发光发射单元的一侧还设置有紫外光吸收膜20,用以吸收多余的紫外光。
图5显示了根据本发明的一个实施例中的显示面板的紫外光吸收膜20的透光率和紫外光有机发光层21的发光光谱。其中实线表示紫外光吸收膜透光率,虚线表示紫外光有机发光层的发光光谱。横坐标为波长,纵坐标相应地为透光率或相对光强度。当然,图5仅仅显示了紫外光吸收膜20和紫外光有机发光层21的一种实现方式而已,具有不同于图5所示的其它透光/发光特性的膜层也可以应用于本发明所提出的方案。
再次参照图3,在根据本发明的一个实施例中的显示面板中,首先在阴电极层19和阳电极层11之间产生电压,在该电压的驱动下,来自电子注入层18的电子经过电子传输层17进入紫外光有机发光层21,来自空穴注入层12的空穴(等效地)经过空穴传输层13进入紫外光有机发光层21,电子与空穴在紫外光(UV)有机发光层21中复合,发出紫外光(UV)(其波长例如位于100nm-400nm的范围内)。该紫外光(UV)射入量子点膜层(即红色量子点层22、蓝色量子点层23和绿色量子点层24),位于量子点膜层中的量子点在紫外光(UV)的激发下发出不同颜色的可见光。通过调节阴电极层19和阳电极层11之间的电压的大小,可控制紫外光(UV)有机发光层21所发出的紫外光的强弱。紫外光进入量子点层后,激发量子点发出可见光(可见光的波长取决于量子点层中量子点的大小)。在一个像素中,不同强度的红色、绿色和蓝色三色的可见光混合,就组成了一个像素的现实图像。多余的紫外光经过玻璃基板10后进入紫外光吸收膜层20,多余的紫外光在此被吸收,以防对观看者造成伤害。而来自量子点膜层的三原色的可见光在每个像素中混合,形成面板的显示画面所需要的颜色并射出。
相较于现有技术中的液晶显示面板,根据本发明的一个实施例中的显示面板具有自发光、对比度高、厚度小以及色域高等优点。
图6显示了根据本发明的一个实施例中的显示面板的量子点受激发光光谱,横坐标为波长,纵坐标为相对光强度。在图中,实线表示红光,点划线表示绿光,虚线表示蓝光。
图6直观地反映了:量子点受激发光的半峰宽较窄,因此相较于现有技术中的液晶显示面板(LCD)能实现较宽的色域。
经测试,根据本发明的一个实施例中的显示面板可达到110%美国国家电视系统委员会(NationalTelevisionSystemCommittee,NTSC)的制式标准,而现有技术中的液晶显示面板(LCD)仅能达到70%NTSC的制式标准。且根据本发明的一个实施例中的显示面板具有自发光的特性,不需要背光模组,厚度较现有技术中的液晶显示面板(LCD)大大减小,暗态亮度低,对比度高。
图7显示了采用根据本发明的一个实施例中的显示面板的显示器和现有技术中的液晶显示器的色域对比图。图7为CIE色度图。在图7中可以非常明显地看出,采用根据本发明的一个实施例中的显示面板的显示器的色域相比于现有技术中的液晶显示器的色域要宽广许多(实线三角形的面积比虚线三角形的面积大许多)。这有利地证明了根据本发明的一个实施例中的显示面板具有更宽色域的优势。
相较于现有技术中的三色有机发光二极管(OLED)显示面板,根据本发明的一个实施例中的显示面板具有制成难度低、成本低、良率高等优点。现有技术中的三色有机发光二极管(OLED)需要整面蒸镀三层有机发光层,而根据本发明的一个实施例中的显示面板仅需要整面蒸镀一层紫外光(UV)的有机发光层,这使得制程难度将大大降低,良率提高,成本下降。
虽然在本文中参照了特定的实施方式来描述本发明,但是应该理解的是,这些实施例仅仅是本发明的原理和应用的示例。因此应该理解的是,可以对示例性的实施例进行许多修改,并且可以设计出其他的布置,只要不偏离所附权利要求所限定的本发明的精神和范围。应该理解的是,可以通过不同于原始权利要求所描述的方式来结合不同的从属权利要求和本文中所述的特征。还可以理解的是,结合单独实施例所描述的特征可以使用在其他所述实施例中。

Claims (10)

1.一种显示面板,其特征在于,包括:
激发光发射单元,
包含量子点的波长转换单元,以及
玻璃基板,
来自所述激发光发射单元的激发光进入所述波长转换单元,所述波长转换单元将所述激发光的波长转换为显示画面所需的波长后使其经由所述玻璃基板射出。
2.根据权利要求1所述的显示面板,其特征在于,所述激发光发射单元和所述波长转换单元均为位于所述玻璃基板的同一侧的层状结构。
3.根据权利要求2所述的显示面板,其特征在于,所述波长转换单元包括贴附在所述玻璃基板上的量子点膜层。
4.根据权利要求3所述的显示面板,其特征在于,所述量子点膜层包括能够发出红光的红色量子点层、能够发出绿光的绿色量子点层以及能够发出蓝光的蓝色量子点层。
5.根据权利要求4所述的显示面板,其特征在于,所述量子点膜层中的量子点的直径位于2-20nm的范围内。
6.根据权利要求4所述的显示面板,其特征在于,所述量子点膜层划分为多个像素,至少一个像素中包含三个分别与红色量子点层、绿色量子点层以及蓝色量子点层相对应的子像素。
7.根据权利要求4所述的显示面板,其特征在于,所述量子点包括位于内部的核部、位于所述核部之外的壳部以及位于所述壳部之外的有机配位体。
8.根据权利要求1所述的显示面板,其特征在于,所述激发光为波长位于100-400nm的范围内的紫外光。
9.根据权利要求8所述的显示面板,其特征在于,所述激发光发射单元包括从相邻于所述量子点膜层处向外依次设置的阳电极层、空穴注入层、空穴传输层、紫外光有机发光层、电子传输层、电子注入层以及阴电极层,在所述阳电极层和所述阴电极层之间能够施加电压。
10.根据权利要求8所述的显示面板,其特征在于,在所述玻璃基板的远离所述激发光发射单元的一侧设置有紫外光吸收膜。
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CN106898628B (zh) * 2017-04-28 2019-08-02 深圳市华星光电技术有限公司 Led显示面板
CN106981504A (zh) * 2017-05-27 2017-07-25 华南理工大学 一种显示面板及显示装置
CN106981504B (zh) * 2017-05-27 2020-03-27 华南理工大学 一种显示面板及显示装置
CN108459435A (zh) * 2018-01-19 2018-08-28 精电(河源)显示技术有限公司 一种采用量子点发光的液晶显示屏
CN108776362A (zh) * 2018-05-30 2018-11-09 武汉华星光电技术有限公司 一种量子点彩色滤光片基板及显示面板
CN108732814A (zh) * 2018-05-30 2018-11-02 武汉华星光电技术有限公司 液晶显示面板及液晶显示装置
WO2019227699A1 (zh) * 2018-05-30 2019-12-05 武汉华星光电技术有限公司 一种量子点彩色滤光片基板及显示面板
CN108828832A (zh) * 2018-06-29 2018-11-16 武汉华星光电技术有限公司 彩膜基板及显示装置
CN111667777A (zh) * 2019-03-08 2020-09-15 夏普株式会社 图像显示元件
CN111667777B (zh) * 2019-03-08 2022-07-05 夏普株式会社 图像显示元件

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