WO2017154077A1 - Dispositif de batterie et système de batterie - Google Patents

Dispositif de batterie et système de batterie Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017154077A1
WO2017154077A1 PCT/JP2016/056991 JP2016056991W WO2017154077A1 WO 2017154077 A1 WO2017154077 A1 WO 2017154077A1 JP 2016056991 W JP2016056991 W JP 2016056991W WO 2017154077 A1 WO2017154077 A1 WO 2017154077A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
module
gap
battery
wall
housing
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2016/056991
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
中濱　敬文
小林　武則
Original Assignee
株式会社東芝
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 株式会社東芝 filed Critical 株式会社東芝
Priority to PCT/JP2016/056991 priority Critical patent/WO2017154077A1/fr
Priority to JP2018503871A priority patent/JP6546339B2/ja
Publication of WO2017154077A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017154077A1/fr

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/617—Types of temperature control for achieving uniformity or desired distribution of temperature
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/64—Heating or cooling; Temperature control characterised by the shape of the cells
    • H01M10/647—Prismatic or flat cells, e.g. pouch cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/651—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by parameters specified by a numeric value or mathematical formula, e.g. ratios, sizes or concentrations
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
    • H01M10/6551—Surfaces specially adapted for heat dissipation or radiation, e.g. fins or coatings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
    • H01M10/6561—Gases
    • H01M10/6563—Gases with forced flow, e.g. by blowers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
    • H01M10/6561—Gases
    • H01M10/6566—Means within the gas flow to guide the flow around one or more cells, e.g. manifolds, baffles or other barriers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • H01M50/207—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/209—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for prismatic or rectangular cells
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • Embodiments described herein relate generally to a battery device and a battery system.
  • a battery device including a plurality of batteries and a case containing a plurality of batteries is known. Such a battery device is desired to have improved cooling performance.
  • the problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a battery device and a battery system capable of improving the cooling performance.
  • the battery device of the embodiment has a housing, a first module, and a second module.
  • the housing has a first wall provided with an air inlet.
  • the first module is housed in the housing and is disposed with a first gap between the first module and the first wall.
  • the second module is housed in the housing, is located on the opposite side of the first module from the first wall, and is disposed with a second gap between the first module and the second module. .
  • the first gap has a smaller ventilation cross-sectional area than the second gap.
  • Sectional drawing which shows the battery apparatus of 1st Embodiment The perspective view which shows the battery module of 1st Embodiment.
  • Sectional drawing which shows the battery apparatus of 2nd Embodiment The graph which shows the relationship between the lowest flow path height ratio and thermal resistance ratio.
  • Sectional drawing which shows the battery apparatus of 3rd Embodiment Sectional drawing which shows the battery apparatus of 4th Embodiment.
  • Sectional drawing which shows the battery system of 6th Embodiment Sectional drawing which shows the battery system of 7th Embodiment.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing the battery device 1 of the first embodiment.
  • the battery device 1 of this embodiment is a device that includes a plurality of battery modules 13 arranged in multiple stages and a cooling structure that cools the plurality of battery modules 13.
  • the battery device 1 may be referred to as, for example, “storage battery device”, “assembled battery device”, “heating element cooling device”, and the like.
  • the battery device 1 is installed in various devices, machines, facilities, and the like, and is used as a power source for these various devices, machines, facilities, and the like.
  • the battery device 1 of this embodiment includes a housing 11, a plurality of support portions (support shelves) 12, and a plurality of battery modules (battery packs) 13.
  • the housing 11 is formed in, for example, a rectangular parallelepiped box shape, and integrally accommodates a plurality of battery modules 13 arranged in multiple stages in the vertical direction. More specifically, the housing 11 has an upper wall 11a, a lower wall (bottom wall) 11b, and four side walls 11c, 11d, 11e, and 11f.
  • the Z direction is a direction in which the plurality of battery modules 13 are arranged (a direction in which the battery modules 13 are arranged in multiple stages), for example, a substantially vertical direction.
  • the X direction and the Y direction are directions that intersect (for example, substantially orthogonal) with the Z direction, and are, for example, substantially horizontal directions.
  • the X direction is, for example, the longitudinal direction of each battery module 13 and is, for example, a direction in which a plurality of batteries 31 described later are arranged.
  • the Y direction is a direction that intersects (for example, substantially orthogonal) with the X direction.
  • the upper wall 11a is an example of a “first wall”.
  • the upper wall 11a is located at one end (upper end) of the battery device 1 in the Z direction.
  • the upper wall 11a is a flat wall along the X direction and the Y direction.
  • the upper wall 11 a has an intake port 21 and an exhaust port 22.
  • the intake port 21 is a ventilation port that opens to the outside of the housing 11 and allows cooling fluid (refrigerant, for example, air) to flow into the housing 11 from the outside of the housing 11.
  • the exhaust port 22 is a ventilation port that opens to the outside of the housing 11 and allows the cooling fluid that has passed through the inside of the housing 11 to flow out of the housing 11.
  • the intake port 21 and the exhaust port 22 are separately arranged on both sides of the battery module 13 (for example, an uppermost module 13A described later) in the X direction.
  • the intake port 21 and the exhaust port 22 are opened inside the housing 11 in the Z direction.
  • the lower wall 11b is an example of a “second wall”.
  • the lower wall 11b is located at the other end (lower end) of the battery device 1 in the Z direction.
  • the lower wall 11b is located on the opposite side of the upper wall 11a with respect to the plurality of battery modules 13 arranged in multiple stages.
  • the lower wall 11b is a flat wall along the X direction and the Y direction, and is substantially parallel to the upper wall 11a.
  • the lower wall 11 b is installed on the installation surface of the battery device 1.
  • the four side walls 11c, 11d, 11e, and 11f extend in a direction (Z direction) substantially orthogonal to the upper wall 11a and the lower wall 11b, and connect the edge of the upper wall 11a and the edge of the lower wall 11b, respectively. Yes.
  • the pair of side walls 11c and 11d are separated from each other in the Y direction and extend substantially parallel to each other along the X direction.
  • the pair of side walls 11e and 11f are separated from each other in the X direction and extend substantially parallel to each other along the Y direction.
  • the lower wall 11b and the four side walls 11c, 11d, 11e, and 11f are closed walls and do not have a ventilation port such as an intake port or an exhaust port.
  • each support portion 12 includes a pair of support pieces (support members) 12a and 12a.
  • the pair of support pieces 12a and 12a are, for example, prismatic members extending in the X direction.
  • the pair of support pieces 12a and 12a are separately attached to the inner surfaces of the pair of side walls 11c and 11d. In other words, the pair of support pieces 12a and 12a are disposed away from each other in the Y direction.
  • the plurality of battery modules 13 are placed on the support portion 12 so as to be accommodated in multiple stages in the housing 11.
  • Each battery module 13 is placed over the pair of support pieces 12a and 12a and supported from below by the pair of support pieces 12a and 12a. For this reason, the center part (the center part of case lower wall 34b mentioned later) of the lower surface of the battery module 13 is exposed inside the housing
  • FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing the battery module 13 of the present embodiment.
  • each battery module 13 includes a plurality of batteries (battery cells) 31, a plurality of bus bars (see FIG. 1) 32, a substrate 33 (see FIG. 1), and a case 34.
  • Each battery 31 is an example of a “heating element”.
  • the plurality of batteries 31 housed in one case 34 is an example of a “heating element group”.
  • Each of the plurality of batteries 31 is, for example, a lithium ion secondary battery.
  • the battery 31 may be another secondary battery such as a nickel metal hydride battery, a nickel cadmium battery, or a lead storage battery.
  • the plurality of batteries 31 are arranged in parallel to each other.
  • Each of the plurality of batteries 31 includes a battery body 41 and a pair of terminals 42A and 42B.
  • the battery body 41 has a case C that forms the outer shape of the battery body 41.
  • Case C the positive electrode, the negative electrode, the insulating film, the electrolyte, and the like, which are components of the battery 31, are accommodated.
  • Case C is formed in a flat rectangular parallelepiped shape.
  • the battery 31 (battery body 41) is formed in a flat rectangular parallelepiped shape.
  • the pair of terminals 42A and 42B are provided at one end (upper end) of the battery main body 41.
  • the pair of terminals 42A and 42B includes a positive terminal 42A and a negative terminal 42B.
  • the positive terminal 42A is electrically connected to the positive electrode in the case C.
  • the negative terminal 42B is electrically connected to the negative electrode in the case C.
  • the plurality of batteries 31 are arranged, for example, with a pair of terminals 42A and 42B facing in the same direction.
  • the plurality of batteries 31 need not have the terminals 42A and 42B facing in the same direction.
  • the plurality of batteries 31 may be arranged such that the terminals 42A and 42B are directed in different directions (for example, opposite directions).
  • the plurality of bus bars 32 are connected to terminals 42A and 42B of the plurality of batteries 31 as shown in FIG.
  • the plurality of bus bars 32 is an example of an “electrical connection unit”.
  • the plurality of bus bars 32 electrically connect the terminals 42 ⁇ / b> A and 42 ⁇ / b> B of the plurality of batteries 31.
  • the bus bar 32 electrically connects the positive terminal 42 ⁇ / b> A of one battery 31 and the negative terminal 42 ⁇ / b> B of another battery 31.
  • the plurality of batteries 31 are electrically connected in series or in parallel.
  • the board (circuit board) 33 is a monitoring board for monitoring the voltage and temperature of the battery 31, for example.
  • substrate 33 may be a control board which controls charging / discharging of the battery 31, and may be a board
  • the case 34 is formed in a rectangular parallelepiped shape and houses a plurality of batteries 31, a plurality of bus bars 32, and a substrate 33.
  • the case 34 has a case upper wall 34a, a case lower wall 34b, and four case side walls 34c, 34d, 34e, and 34f.
  • the case upper wall 34a is an example of a “first case wall”.
  • the case upper wall 34a is located at one end (upper end) of the battery module 13 in the Z direction.
  • the case upper wall 34a is a flat wall along the X direction and the Y direction.
  • the case upper wall 34a faces the plurality of bus bars 32 and the substrate 33 (see FIG. 1).
  • the case upper wall 34 a is warmed by the heat of the plurality of bus bars 32, the substrate 33, and the plurality of batteries 31.
  • the case lower wall 34b is an example of a “second case wall”.
  • the case lower wall 34b is located at the other end (lower end) of the battery device 1 in the Z direction.
  • the case lower wall 34b is a flat wall along the X direction and the Y direction.
  • the case lower wall 34 b faces the battery main bodies 41 of the plurality of batteries 31.
  • the case lower wall 34b is heated by the heat of the lower portions of the plurality of batteries 31, for example.
  • the four case side walls 34c, 34d, 34e, and 34f extend in a direction (Z direction) substantially orthogonal to the case upper wall 34a and the case lower wall 34b, and the edges of the case upper wall 34a and the case lower wall 34b respectively. Connecting the edges.
  • the case 34 of the present embodiment is formed by a battery case 51 and a terminal case 52.
  • a battery case (battery box, first case) 51 is formed in a box shape with one side opened, and integrally accommodates battery main bodies 41 of a plurality of batteries 31.
  • the battery case 51 includes the entire case lower wall 34b and a part of each of the four case side walls 34c, 34d, 34e, 34f.
  • the terminal part case (terminal box, second case) 52 is combined with the battery case 51 to close the internal space (accommodating part) of the battery case 51. That is, the terminal portion case 52 is attached to the battery case 51 from the side opposite to the case lower wall 34 b and covers the internal space of the battery case 51.
  • the terminal case 52 includes the entire case upper wall 34a and a part of each of the four case side walls 34c, 34d, 34e, 34f.
  • the terminal case 52 has a partition wall (partition plate) 52a.
  • the partition wall 52 a is located at the boundary between the battery case 51 and the terminal case 52.
  • the partition wall 52a is a flat wall substantially parallel to the case upper wall 34a.
  • the partition wall 52a has a plurality of insertion holes 54 through which the terminals 42A and 42B of the plurality of batteries 31 are passed.
  • the terminals 42 ⁇ / b> A and 42 ⁇ / b> B of the plurality of batteries are passed through the insertion holes 54 of the partition wall 52 a and are exposed inside the terminal portion case 52.
  • a plurality of bus bars 32 and a substrate 33 are accommodated in the terminal portion case 52.
  • the terminals 42 ⁇ / b> A and 42 ⁇ / b> B of the plurality of batteries 31 are electrically connected by a plurality of bus bars 32 accommodated in the terminal portion case 52.
  • the plurality of battery modules 13 of the present embodiment include an uppermost module 13A, at least one (for example, a plurality) middle module 13B, and a lowermost module 13C.
  • the middle module 13B shows only one middle module 13B as a representative.
  • the uppermost module 13A is a module arranged at the highest position among the plurality of battery modules 13.
  • the uppermost module 13A is an example of a “first module”.
  • the uppermost module 13 ⁇ / b> A is closest to the upper wall 11 a of the housing 11 among the plurality of battery modules 13.
  • the uppermost module 13A is arranged with a first gap (first ventilation gap, uppermost flow path) ⁇ h between the upper wall 11a of the housing 11 and the uppermost module 13A.
  • the first gap ⁇ h is formed between the upper wall 11a of the housing 11 and the case upper wall 34a of the uppermost module 13A.
  • the first gap ⁇ h extends in the X direction between the upper wall 11a of the housing 11 and the uppermost module 13A.
  • the case upper wall 34a of the uppermost module 13A is exposed in the first gap ⁇ h.
  • the middle module 13B is a module disposed between the uppermost module 13A and the lowermost module 13C among the plurality of battery modules 13.
  • the middle module 13B is located on the opposite side of the upper wall 11a of the housing 11 with respect to the uppermost module 13A.
  • the middle module 13B adjacent to the top module 13A (the middle module 13B located one level below the top module) is an example of a “second module”.
  • the middle module 13B is arranged with a second gap (second ventilation gap, middle channel) ⁇ m between the uppermost module 13A and the middle module 13B.
  • the second gap ⁇ m is formed between the case lower wall 34b of the uppermost module 13A and the case upper wall 34a of the middle module 13B.
  • the second gap ⁇ m extends in the X direction between the uppermost module 13A and the middle module 13B. In the second gap ⁇ m, the case lower wall 34b of the uppermost module 13A and the case upper wall 34a of the middle module 13B are exposed.
  • the plurality of middle-stage modules 13B are arranged with a second gap ⁇ m between them.
  • the second gap ⁇ m is formed between the case lower wall 34b of one middle module 13B and the case upper wall 34a of another middle module 13B.
  • the second gap ⁇ m extends between the plurality of middle modules 13B in the X direction. In the second gap ⁇ m, the case lower wall 34b of one middle module 13B and the case upper wall 34a of another middle module 13B are exposed.
  • the middle module 13B adjacent to the lowest module 13C has a second gap ⁇ m between the lower module 13C and the middle module 13B.
  • the second gap ⁇ m is formed between the case lower wall 34b of the middle module 13B and the case upper wall 34a of the lowermost module 13C.
  • the second gap ⁇ m extends in the X direction between the middle module 13B and the lowermost module 13C. In the second gap ⁇ m, the case lower wall 34b of the middle module 13B and the case upper wall 34a of the lowermost module 13C are exposed.
  • the lowermost module 13 ⁇ / b> C is a module arranged at the lowest position among the plurality of battery modules 13.
  • the lowermost module 13C is located on the opposite side of the uppermost module 13A with respect to the middle module 13B.
  • the lowermost module 13C is an example of a “third module”.
  • the lowermost module 13C corresponds to an example of “second module”.
  • the lowermost module 13 ⁇ / b> C is closest to the lower wall 11 b of the housing 11 among the plurality of battery modules 13.
  • the lowermost module 13C is arranged with a third gap (third ventilation gap, lowermost flow path) ⁇ l between the lower wall 11b of the housing 11 and the lowermost module 13C.
  • the third gap ⁇ l is formed between the case lower wall 34b of the lowermost module 13C and the lower wall 11b of the housing 11.
  • the third gap ⁇ l extends in the X direction between the lowermost module 13C and the lower wall 11b of the housing 11.
  • the case lower wall 34b of the lowermost module 13C is exposed in the second gap ⁇ m.
  • a first ventilation path (intake side ventilation path) 61 communicating with the intake port 21 is formed between the plurality of battery modules 13 and the side wall 11 e of the housing 11.
  • the first ventilation path 61 extends from the intake port 21 over the entire height of the battery device 1 along the Z direction. That is, the first ventilation path 61 is formed across the side of all the battery modules 13 (the sides of the first gap ⁇ h, the second gap ⁇ m, and the third gap ⁇ l).
  • the first ventilation path 61 communicates with each of the first gap ⁇ h, the second gap ⁇ m, and the third gap ⁇ l in the X direction.
  • a second ventilation path (exhaust side ventilation path) 62 communicating with the exhaust port 22 is formed between the plurality of battery modules 13 and the side wall 11 f of the housing 11.
  • the 2nd ventilation path 62 is extended over the full height of the battery apparatus 1 from the exhaust port 22 along the Z direction. That is, the second ventilation path 62 is formed across the side of all the battery modules 13 (the sides of the first gap ⁇ h, the second gap ⁇ m, and the third gap ⁇ l).
  • the second ventilation path 62 is located on the opposite side of the first ventilation path 61 with respect to the plurality of battery modules 13 (with respect to the first gap ⁇ h, the second gap ⁇ m, and the third gap ⁇ l).
  • the second ventilation path 62 has a first gap ⁇ h, a second gap ⁇ m, and a third gap from the side opposite to the first ventilation path 61 with respect to the first gap ⁇ h, the second gap ⁇ m, and the third gap ⁇ l. ⁇ l communicates with each other.
  • the cooling fluid flowing into the housing 11 from the air inlet 21 flows into the first gap ⁇ h, the second gap ⁇ m, and the third gap ⁇ l from the first ventilation path 61, and flows into the first gap ⁇ h, Each of the second gap ⁇ m and the third gap ⁇ l flows in the X direction. Then, the cooling fluid that has passed through the first gap ⁇ h, the second gap ⁇ m, and the third gap ⁇ l merges in the second ventilation path 62 and flows out of the housing 11 from the exhaust port 22.
  • the ventilation cross-sectional area of the first gap ⁇ h is smaller than the ventilation cross-sectional area of the second gap ⁇ m.
  • the ventilation cross-sectional area of the first gap ⁇ h is smaller than the ventilation cross-sectional area of the third gap ⁇ l.
  • the ventilation cross-sectional area referred to in the present application is a cross-sectional area along a direction substantially orthogonal to the flow direction of the cooling fluid (in this embodiment, a cross-sectional area along the Y direction and the Z direction), and the flow path through which the cooling fluid flows Cross-sectional area is meant.
  • the first gap ⁇ h, the second gap ⁇ m, and the third gap ⁇ l have substantially the same width in the Y direction (the width in the depth direction in FIG. 1). For this reason, in this embodiment, it can be said that the flow path height Hh of the first gap ⁇ h is smaller than the flow path height Hm of the second gap ⁇ m. Further, it can be said that the flow path height Hh of the first gap ⁇ h is smaller than the flow path height Hl of the third gap ⁇ l.
  • the “flow channel height” in the present application means a flow channel width (a flow channel width in the Z direction in the present embodiment) in a direction substantially orthogonal to the flow direction of the cooling fluid.
  • the cooling fluid flowing into the housing 11 from the air inlet 21 flows into the first gap ⁇ h, the second gap ⁇ m, and the third gap ⁇ l from the first ventilation path 61, and flows into the first gap.
  • Each of ⁇ h, the second gap ⁇ m, and the third gap ⁇ l flows in the X direction.
  • the case upper wall 34a of the uppermost module 13A is cooled by being exposed to the cooling fluid flowing through the first gap ⁇ h. Thereby, heat dissipation of the bus bar 32, the board 33, and the upper part of the battery 31 of the uppermost module 13A is promoted.
  • the case lower wall 34b of the uppermost module 13A is cooled by being exposed to the cooling fluid flowing through the second gap ⁇ m. Thereby, the heat radiation of the lower part of the battery 31 of the uppermost module 13A is promoted.
  • the case upper wall 34a of the middle module 13B is cooled by being exposed to the cooling fluid flowing through the second gap ⁇ m. Thereby, heat dissipation of the bus bar 32, the substrate 33, and the upper part of the battery 31 of the middle module 13B is promoted.
  • the case lower wall 34b of the middle module 13B is cooled by being exposed to a cooling fluid flowing through another second gap ⁇ m. Thereby, the heat radiation of the lower part of the battery 31 of the middle module 13B is promoted.
  • case upper wall 34a of the lowermost module 13C is cooled by being exposed to the cooling fluid flowing through the second gap ⁇ m. Thereby, heat dissipation of the bus bar 32, the board 33, and the upper part of the battery 31 of the lowermost module 13C is promoted.
  • case lower wall 34b of the lowermost module 13C is cooled by being exposed to the cooling fluid flowing through the third gap ⁇ l. Thereby, the heat radiation of the lower part of the battery 31 of the lowermost module 13C is promoted.
  • the cooling performance of the battery device 1 can be improved.
  • the ventilation cross-sectional area of the first gap ⁇ h, the ventilation cross-sectional area of the second gap ⁇ m, and the ventilation cross-sectional area of the third gap ⁇ l are all the same. In this case, the air flow rate distribution and the air temperature distribution flowing in the vicinity of the plurality of battery modules 13 are not uniform.
  • the flow rate and temperature differ between the cooling fluid flowing through the first gap ⁇ h, the cooling fluid flowing through the second gap ⁇ m, and the cooling fluid flowing through the third gap ⁇ l.
  • the heat passage rates from the battery module 13 to the cooling fluid are different.
  • temperature variations occur in the plurality of battery modules 13, and the maximum temperature increase is greater than when the plurality of battery modules 13 are uniformly cooled.
  • the cooling resistance for example, the thermal resistance (unit: K / W) obtained by dividing the heating element maximum temperature rise by the calorific value may deteriorate.
  • the ventilation cross-sectional area of the first gap ⁇ h is set smaller than the ventilation cross-sectional area of the second gap ⁇ m.
  • the cooling fluid flows into the first gap ⁇ h by forming the first gap ⁇ h closest to the air inlet 21 among the plurality of gaps ⁇ h, ⁇ m, ⁇ l. It becomes difficult. In other words, the flow rate of the cooling fluid flowing into the second gap ⁇ m can be increased.
  • the cooling fluid flowing through the second gap ⁇ m receives heat from the plurality of battery modules 13 on both sides of the gap.
  • the cooling fluid flowing through the first gap ⁇ h receives heat from only one battery module 13.
  • the temperature rise of the cooling fluid flowing through the first gap ⁇ h is higher than the temperature rise of the cooling fluid flowing through the second gap ⁇ m.
  • the first gap ⁇ h has a small cross-sectional area of ventilation, but the flow rate of the cooling fluid that flows in is also reduced.
  • the average flow velocity of the cooling fluid in the first gap ⁇ h and the average flow velocity of the cooling fluid in the second gap ⁇ m are close to each other.
  • only the uppermost module 13 ⁇ / b> A does not have a lower temperature than the other battery modules 13, and temperature variations among the plurality of battery modules 13 can be reduced. Thereby, the maximum temperature rise in the plurality of battery modules 13 is reduced, and the resistance is reduced. Thereby, the cooling performance of the battery apparatus 1 can be improved.
  • the case 34 of the uppermost module 13A has a case upper wall 34a that faces the substrate 33 and is exposed to the first gap ⁇ h, and a case bottom that faces the plurality of batteries 31 and is exposed to the second gap ⁇ m. Wall 34b.
  • the cooling fluid flowing through the first gap ⁇ h and the cooling fluid flowing through the second gap ⁇ m promote the heat radiation of the upper and lower portions of the uppermost module 13A.
  • temperature variations are less likely to occur in the battery device 1, and the cooling performance can be further improved.
  • the air inlet 21 and the air outlet 22 are provided on the same wall, and are provided separately on both sides of the battery module 13. According to such a configuration, a uniform flow of the cooling fluid is easily realized in the battery device 1. Therefore, temperature variations are less likely to occur in the battery device 1.
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing the battery device 1 of the present embodiment.
  • the battery device 1 of this embodiment includes a fan 71.
  • the fan 71 is provided at the intake port 21 as an air supply fan.
  • the fan 71 causes the cooling fluid to flow into the housing 11 from the air inlet 21.
  • the fan 71 sends cooling air along the direction in which the first ventilation path 61 extends.
  • the place where the fan 71 is provided is not limited to the air inlet 21 but may be in the middle of the first ventilation path 61.
  • the ventilation cross-sectional area (flow path height Hl) of the third gap ⁇ l is set to a size that is approximately 1 ⁇ 2 times or more than the ventilation cross-sectional area (flow path height Hm) of the second gap ⁇ m. ing. Furthermore, the ventilation cross-sectional area (flow path height Hl) of the third gap ⁇ l is approximately 1 ⁇ 2 times or more and less than approximately 1.0 times the ventilation cross-sectional area (flow path height Hm) of the second gap ⁇ m. Is set to the size of
  • FIG. 4 is a graph showing the relationship between the lowermost flow path height ratio and the thermal resistance ratio obtained by experiments by the present inventors.
  • the “thermal resistance ratio” here refers to the thermal resistance of the battery device 1 when the lowermost channel height ratio is various, and the battery device 1 when the lowermost channel height ratio is 1.0. It is a dimensionless index obtained by dividing by thermal resistance.
  • the battery modules 13 are arranged in 12 rows in the Z direction and in three rows in the Y direction, the channel height Hm of the second gap ⁇ m is 13 mm, the channel height Hh of the first gap ⁇ h is 0 mm,
  • the flow path width Hi in the X direction of the first ventilation path 61 is 336 mm, the flow path width Ho in the X direction of the second ventilation path is 460 mm, and a uniform cooling fluid flows in from the inlet 21 (for example, the fan 71 When installed) based on a model with vents open to the atmosphere.
  • the heat resistance ratio is relatively small in a region where the flow path height Hl of the third gap ⁇ l is approximately 1 ⁇ 2 times or more the flow path height Hm of the second gap ⁇ m.
  • the thermal resistance ratio increases rapidly. For this reason, in this embodiment, the thermal resistance of the battery device 1 is reduced by setting the flow path height Hl of the third gap ⁇ l to be approximately 1 ⁇ 2 times or more the flow path height Hm of the second gap ⁇ m. Yes.
  • the cooling performance can be improved as in the first embodiment.
  • a fan 71 is provided to allow cooling fluid to flow into the housing 11 from the air inlet 21.
  • the ventilation cross-sectional area of the 3rd clearance gap (delta) l is set to the magnitude
  • a sufficient amount of cooling fluid can be allowed to flow in the third gap ⁇ l even in a flow environment in the housing 11 in which the cooling fluid hardly flows into the third gap ⁇ l far from the intake port 21. it can.
  • the heat radiation of the lowermost module 13C can be promoted, and the temperature variation in the plurality of battery modules 13 including the lowermost module 13C can be further reduced.
  • the ventilation cross-sectional area of the third gap ⁇ l is set to a size that is approximately 1 ⁇ 2 times or more and less than approximately 1.0 of the ventilation cross-sectional area of the second gap ⁇ m. According to such a configuration, the battery device 1 can be downsized while improving the cooling performance.
  • the ventilation cross-sectional area of the third gap ⁇ l may be set to approximately 0.8 times the ventilation cross-sectional area of the second gap ⁇ m. According to such a configuration, as shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing the battery device 1 of the present embodiment.
  • the battery device 1 of this embodiment includes a plurality of heat sinks 80.
  • the plurality of heat sinks 80 are disposed in the second gap ⁇ m and the third gap ⁇ l, respectively.
  • the plurality of heat sinks 80 are provided on each stage of the support portion 12.
  • the battery module 13 at each stage is placed on the heat sink 80 and is thermally connected to the heat sink 80.
  • the term “thermally connected” as used in the present application refers to a case where two members are in direct contact with each other or a case where a member for heat connection (such as a heat conductive sheet) is provided between the two members. means.
  • the heat sink 80 has a base 81 and a plurality of fins 82.
  • the base 81 is formed in a flat plate shape along the X direction and the Y direction.
  • the base 81 is attached so as to be stretched over the pair of support pieces 12a and 12a.
  • the battery module 13 is placed on the base 81 and is thermally connected to the base 81.
  • the plurality of fins 82 are provided on the base 81 and are thermally connected to the base 81.
  • Each fin 82 rises in a plate shape from the base 81 along the Z direction and extends in the X direction.
  • the plurality of fins 82 extend substantially parallel to each other along the X direction.
  • the cooling fluid flows between the plurality of fins 82 in the X direction.
  • the battery device 1 includes a heat sink 80 disposed in the second gap ⁇ m and the third gap ⁇ l.
  • the heat sink 80 has a plurality of fins 82 along the X direction. According to such a configuration, the heat radiation area for radiating heat from the battery module 13 is increased, and the heat passage rate from the battery module 13 to the cooling fluid can be increased. Thereby, the maximum temperature rise in the plurality of battery modules 13 is reduced, and the cooling performance can be improved.
  • the heat sink 80 may be attached to the inner surface of the housing 11 or the battery module 13 instead of being attached to the support portion 12.
  • the heat sink 80 may be thermally connected to both of the plurality of battery modules 13 positioned above and below the heat sink 80.
  • FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing the battery device 1 of the present embodiment.
  • the second gap ⁇ m includes a first region A1 and a second region A2.
  • the first area A ⁇ b> 1 is a space area (so-called inter-fin area) located between the plurality of fins 82.
  • the second region A2 is a region that is adjacent to the first region A1 in the Z direction and is located outside the plurality of fins 82.
  • the second region A2 is located outside the plurality of fins 82 and overlaps the first region A1 when seen in a plan view along the Z direction.
  • the second region A2 is a space region between the tips of the plurality of fins 82 of the heat sink 80 and the case upper wall 34a of the battery module 13 that the heat sink 80 faces.
  • region A1 is set larger than the ventilation cross-sectional area of 2nd area
  • the ventilation cross-sectional area of the first region refers to a plurality of fins 82 formed between three or more fins 82 when, for example, three or more fins 82 are provided in one heat sink 80. This is the total cross-sectional area of the space.
  • the third gap ⁇ l has a first region A1 and a second region A2.
  • the definition of the first area A1 and the second area A2 of the third gap ⁇ l is the same as the definition of the first area A1 and the second area A2 of the second gap ⁇ m.
  • region A1 of 3rd clearance gap (delta) l is set larger than the ventilation cross-sectional area of 2nd area
  • region A1 is set larger than the ventilation cross-sectional area of 2nd area
  • a large amount of cooling fluid can flow between the plurality of fins 82 of the heat sink 80. That is, even if the ventilation resistance of the first region A1 is larger than that of the second region A2 due to the presence of the fins 82, a large amount of cooling fluid is caused to flow into the first region A1 and between the plurality of fins 82.
  • the flow rate of the cooling fluid through can be increased. Thereby, the heat passage rate from the battery module 13 to the cooling fluid can be increased. Thereby, the maximum temperature rise in the plurality of battery modules 13 is reduced, and the cooling performance can be improved.
  • FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing the battery device 1 of the present embodiment.
  • the plurality of battery modules 13 include a plurality of battery modules (a plurality of uppermost modules 13A) belonging to the first group G1, and a plurality of battery modules 13 (a plurality of battery modules 13 belonging to the second group G2).
  • the plurality of uppermost modules 13A belonging to the first group G1 are arranged side by side in the Y direction (for example, substantially horizontal direction).
  • the plurality of uppermost modules 13A are arranged so as to contact each other in the Y direction and are thermally connected to each other.
  • Each of the plurality of uppermost modules 13A is an example of a “fourth module”.
  • the plurality of middle modules 13B belonging to the second group G2 are arranged side by side in the Y direction (for example, substantially horizontal direction).
  • the plurality of middle-stage modules 13B are arranged so as to be in contact with each other in the Y direction, and are thermally connected to each other.
  • the plurality of lowermost modules 13C belonging to the third group G3 are arranged side by side in the Y direction (for example, substantially horizontal direction).
  • the plurality of lowermost modules 13C are arranged so as to contact each other in the Y direction and are thermally connected to each other.
  • a plurality of battery modules 13 are arranged in the Y direction and are thermally connected to each other.
  • the side surface in the Y direction of each battery module 13 is substantially insulative (state in which heat does not move), and the temperature of the battery 31 between the plurality of battery modules 13 arranged in the Y direction. The difference becomes smaller. Thereby, the temperature variation in the some battery module 13 becomes small, and the improvement of cooling performance can be aimed at.
  • FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing the battery system 91 of the present embodiment.
  • the battery system 91 of the present embodiment includes a plurality of battery devices 1.
  • the battery system 91 may be referred to as a “battery cooling system”, a “heating element cooling system”, or the like.
  • the plurality of battery devices 1 are arranged side by side in the Y direction (for example, substantially horizontal direction).
  • the plurality of battery devices 1 are arranged in contact with each other in the Y direction and are thermally connected to each other.
  • the plurality of battery devices 1 are arranged in the Y direction and are thermally connected to each other. According to such a configuration, as in the fifth embodiment, the temperature difference of the battery 31 between the plurality of battery devices 1 arranged in the Y direction becomes small. Thereby, the cooling performance can be improved.
  • a seventh embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.
  • the present embodiment is different from the fourth embodiment in that a plurality of battery devices 1 are provided integrally with each other with the intake sides of the plurality of battery devices 1 facing each other.
  • the configuration other than that described below is the same as the configuration of the fourth embodiment.
  • FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view showing the battery system 91 of the present embodiment.
  • the battery system 91 includes a plurality of battery devices 1.
  • the plurality of battery devices 1 are arranged side by side in the Y direction.
  • the plurality of battery devices 1 are provided integrally with each other with the intake sides of the plurality of battery devices 1 facing each other.
  • casing 11 and the support part 12 of the some battery apparatus 1 are provided integrally.
  • the air inlets 21 of the plurality of battery devices 1 are integrally provided.
  • the air inlet 21 is provided at a boundary portion of the plurality of battery devices 1.
  • the fan 71 is provided at the exhaust port 22 as an exhaust fan.
  • the fan 71 causes the cooling fluid in the housing 11 to flow out from the exhaust port 22.
  • the internal pressure of the housing 11 decreases, and a new cooling fluid flows into the housing 11 from the air inlet 21.
  • the place where the fan 71 is provided is not limited to the exhaust port 22 but may be in the middle of the second ventilation path 62.
  • the battery system 91 includes one housing 11, a plurality of uppermost modules 13A, a plurality of middle modules 13B, and a plurality of lowermost modules 13C.
  • the plurality of uppermost modules 13 ⁇ / b> A, the plurality of middle modules 13 ⁇ / b> B, and the plurality of lowermost modules 13 ⁇ / b> C are accommodated in the housing 11.
  • the plurality of uppermost modules 13A are arranged separately on both sides of the air inlet 21 in the X direction.
  • the plurality of middle-stage modules 13B are separately arranged on both sides of the air inlet 21 in the X direction.
  • the plurality of lowermost modules 13C are arranged separately on both sides of the air inlet 21 in the X direction.
  • the plurality of battery devices 1 are provided integrally with each other with the intake sides of the plurality of battery devices 1 facing each other. According to such a configuration, it is possible to achieve a battery system 91 that is compact and has high cooling performance.
  • the battery device includes a first gap disposed between the housing having the first wall provided with the air inlet and the first wall.
  • One module and a second module disposed with a second gap between the first module and the first module.
  • the first gap has a smaller ventilation cross-sectional area than the second gap. According to such a configuration, it is possible to improve the cooling performance.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Algebra (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mathematical Analysis (AREA)
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  • Pure & Applied Mathematics (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)

Abstract

Conformément à un mode de réalisation, la présente invention concerne un dispositif de batterie qui comprend un boîtier, un premier module et un second module. Le boîtier comprend une première paroi ayant un orifice d'entrée disposé sur cette dernière. Le premier module est reçu dans le boîtier et agencé de telle sorte qu'un premier espace est formé entre la première paroi et ledit premier module. Le second module est reçu dans le boîtier, positionné sur le côté opposé du premier module à partir de la première paroi, et agencé de telle sorte qu'un second espace est formé entre le premier module et le second module. Le premier espace a une surface en coupe transversale de ventilation plus petite que le second espace.
PCT/JP2016/056991 2016-03-07 2016-03-07 Dispositif de batterie et système de batterie WO2017154077A1 (fr)

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PCT/JP2016/056991 WO2017154077A1 (fr) 2016-03-07 2016-03-07 Dispositif de batterie et système de batterie
JP2018503871A JP6546339B2 (ja) 2016-03-07 2016-03-07 電池装置

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WO2023157259A1 (fr) * 2022-02-18 2023-08-24 三菱自動車工業株式会社 Équipement de stockage électrique et procédé de construction d'équipement de stockage électrique
WO2023189101A1 (fr) * 2022-03-31 2023-10-05 パナソニックエナジ－株式会社 Dispositif d'alimentation électrique

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JP2009252417A (ja) * 2008-04-02 2009-10-29 Denso Corp 電池冷却装置
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JP2006128124A (ja) * 2004-10-28 2006-05-18 Samsung Sdi Co Ltd 二次電池モジュール
JP2007042637A (ja) * 2005-07-29 2007-02-15 Samsung Sdi Co Ltd 電池モジュール
JP2009252417A (ja) * 2008-04-02 2009-10-29 Denso Corp 電池冷却装置
JP2014026734A (ja) * 2012-07-24 2014-02-06 Toyota Industries Corp 電池モジュール及び車両
JP2015002082A (ja) * 2013-06-14 2015-01-05 株式会社Ｇｓユアサ 蓄電装置

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2023157259A1 (fr) * 2022-02-18 2023-08-24 三菱自動車工業株式会社 Équipement de stockage électrique et procédé de construction d'équipement de stockage électrique
WO2023189101A1 (fr) * 2022-03-31 2023-10-05 パナソニックエナジ－株式会社 Dispositif d'alimentation électrique

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