WO2017150353A1 - Échangeur de chaleur - Google Patents

Échangeur de chaleur Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017150353A1
WO2017150353A1 PCT/JP2017/006964 JP2017006964W WO2017150353A1 WO 2017150353 A1 WO2017150353 A1 WO 2017150353A1 JP 2017006964 W JP2017006964 W JP 2017006964W WO 2017150353 A1 WO2017150353 A1 WO 2017150353A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
layer
heat exchanger
air
phosphonic acid
heat
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2017/006964
Other languages
English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
卓哉 布施
稲垣　孝治
裕太 才賀
侑樹 小中出
上仁 柴田
Original Assignee
株式会社デンソー
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from JP2017012804A external-priority patent/JP2017161215A/ja
Application filed by 株式会社デンソー filed Critical 株式会社デンソー
Publication of WO2017150353A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017150353A1/fr

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/10—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
    • F28F1/12—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element
    • F28F1/24—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending transversely
    • F28F1/32—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending transversely the means having portions engaging further tubular elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F13/00—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing
    • F28F13/18—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by applying coatings, e.g. radiation-absorbing, radiation-reflecting; by surface treatment, e.g. polishing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F19/00—Preventing the formation of deposits or corrosion, e.g. by using filters or scrapers
    • F28F19/02—Preventing the formation of deposits or corrosion, e.g. by using filters or scrapers by using coatings, e.g. vitreous or enamel coatings
    • F28F19/06—Preventing the formation of deposits or corrosion, e.g. by using filters or scrapers by using coatings, e.g. vitreous or enamel coatings of metal

Definitions

  • This disclosure relates to a heat exchanger that exchanges heat between air having a predetermined humidity and a low-temperature fluid.
  • the heat exchanger is indispensable when transferring heat between two fluids, and high performance has been studied. For example, a case where the air is cooled by exchanging heat between the outside air and the evaporative refrigerant as two fluids, such as an outdoor unit, can be considered. In this case, the air has a predetermined humidity, and water inevitably condenses and freezes on the heat transfer wall. As a result, “frost” grows on the heat transfer surface.
  • frost grows, there is a risk of blocking the air flow path of the heat exchanger. Therefore, generally, when a predetermined frost growth is detected, a so-called “defrosting operation” for removing frost is often performed. This defrosting operation not only takes extra energy for melting the frost, but also the air conditioning does not function during that period. For this reason, it is required to earn as much time as possible before shifting to the defrosting operation mode.
  • Patent Document 1 proposes a technique in which a super-water-repellent treatment is performed on a heat transfer surface of a heat exchanger, and moisture contained in the air is condensed on the water-repellent surface and then slides down before freezing. Thereby, suppression of frost growth is anticipated.
  • This indication aims at providing the heat exchanger which can fully suppress frost growth in view of the above-mentioned point.
  • the heat exchanger is configured to exchange heat between air having a predetermined humidity and a fluid having a temperature lower than that of air, and is disposed so as to be in contact with at least air.
  • the heat transfer unit includes at least a first layer and a second layer located between the first layer and air.
  • the second layer is composed of a plurality of molecules having hydrophilicity or hydrophobicity, and includes phosphonic acid at the first end of the plurality of molecules facing the first layer, and oxygen in the phosphonic acid is combined with the first layer. Shares chemical bonds.
  • the surface of the second layer can be covered with the second layer made of phosphonic acid-based molecules, and even when condensed water is generated on the surface of the heat transfer section, frost growth is effectively suppressed. can do.
  • phosphonic acid is provided at the end of the plurality of molecules facing the first layer, and oxygen in the phosphonic acid shares a chemical bond with the first layer.
  • a 1st layer and a 2nd layer can be couple
  • the heat exchanger is a heat exchanger for absorbing heat, and is an evaporator that cools air for air conditioning in a refrigeration cycle of a vehicle air conditioner, for example.
  • the heat exchanger 10 includes a heat exchange unit 11 and a pair of header tanks 12 connected to the heat exchange unit 11.
  • the heat exchanging portion 11 includes a plurality of tubes 13 having a flat cross section and corrugated fins 14 interposed between the tubes 13.
  • the tube 13 and the fin 14 are made of aluminum.
  • the tube 13 is a tube member through which a refrigerant as a heat medium flows, and both ends of each tube 13 are connected to communicate with the inside of the pair of header tanks 12, respectively.
  • the refrigerant is a fluid having a temperature lower than that of air.
  • the fin 14 is a heat transfer member that is formed in a wave shape from a thin strip material and forms a heat transfer surface. The fin 14 is joined to the tube 13.
  • the refrigerant that has been depressurized in the refrigeration cycle to low temperature and low pressure flows through the plurality of tubes 13. Further, air passes through the outside of the tube 13 and around the fins 14 (outside of the heat exchange unit 11), and the air is cooled by the low-temperature refrigerant.
  • the heat transfer unit 20 is a part of the heat exchanger 10 that is configured to exchange heat between air and the refrigerant, and is disposed so as to be in contact with at least air.
  • the outer surface in contact with air corresponds to the heat transfer unit 20
  • both sides of the plate surface in contact with air correspond to the heat transfer unit 20.
  • the heat transfer section 20 has two layers of a first layer 21 and a second layer 22.
  • the first layer 21 is made of a material having a higher thermal conductivity among the two layers of the heat transfer section 20.
  • the 1st layer 21 is a substrate which constitutes tube 13 and fin 14, and is constituted from aluminum in this embodiment.
  • the second layer 22 is formed on the air side surface of the first layer 21. That is, the second layer 22 is located on the air side with respect to the first layer 21.
  • the 2nd layer 22 is positioned as a film formed in the surface of the 1st layer 21 which is a substrate.
  • the second layer 22 is configured to share chemical bonds with the first layer 21.
  • the second layer 22 may be located between the first layer 21 and the air.
  • the second layer 22 is made of a material having a higher affinity for water among the two layers of the heat transfer section 20. Specifically, the second layer 22 is configured as a rod-shaped molecule having a linear structure.
  • the rod-like molecule of the present embodiment is a hydrophilic molecule and includes a polymer composed of repeating unit structures represented by the following chemical formula 1 or chemical formula 2.
  • the second layer 22 of the present embodiment contains polyethylene glycol (PEG) as a polymer.
  • the second layer 22 is a phosphonic acid-based hydrophilic molecule and has phosphonic acid on one end side located on the first layer 21 side. Phosphorus in the phosphonic acid shares a chemical bond with one end of the polymer contained in the second layer 22.
  • the second layer 22 includes a carboxylate group and an alkali metal ion as a counter cation on the other end located on the air side. Specifically, the air side of the second layer 22 is sodium carboxylate (COONa). One end of the second layer 22 may be the first end, and the other end may be the second end.
  • Aluminum constituting the first layer 21 as a base material shares a chemical bond with oxygen in the phosphonic acid of the second layer 22. Thereby, the 1st layer 21 and the 2nd layer 22 are combined firmly, and the coverage of the 1st layer 21 by the 2nd layer 22 can be increased.
  • a boehmite treatment is performed as a pretreatment to boehmite the surface of a substrate made of an aluminum plate.
  • the boehmite treatment can be performed, for example, by boiling an aluminum base material in ion exchange water for 10 minutes.
  • hydroxyl groups are generated on the surface of the aluminum substrate.
  • a baking process is performed in which the aluminum base material having phosphonic acid hydrophilic molecules introduced on the surface thereof is heated. Specifically, the aluminum base material into which the phosphonic acid-based hydrophilic molecule is introduced is heated at 140 ° C. for 6 hours. As a result, the dehydration reaction proceeds, the oxygen contained in the phosphonic acid hydrophilic molecule phosphonic acid and the aluminum contained in the aluminum substrate are covalently bonded, and the phosphonic acid hydrophilic molecule is firmly attached to the surface of the aluminum substrate. Join.
  • the aluminum substrate to which the phosphonic acid-based hydrophilic molecule is bonded is immersed in alcohol, ultrasonic waves are applied for 10 minutes, ethanol washing is performed, and drying is further performed.
  • a sodium chloride step is performed in which sodium is introduced into the carboxylate group located on the air side of the phosphonic acid hydrophilic molecule. Specifically, an aluminum base material to which phosphonic acid-based hydrophilic molecules are bonded is immersed in a saturated aqueous NaHCO3 solution at room temperature for 20 minutes. Thereby, the hydrogen of the carboxylate group is replaced with sodium, and sodium chloride can be performed.
  • FIG. 5A shows a case where condensed water is generated on the surface of the heat exchange unit 11 that does not include the heat transfer unit 20 of this embodiment
  • FIG. 5B condenses on the surface of the heat exchange unit 11 that includes the heat transfer unit 20.
  • the case where water is generated is shown.
  • the surface of the heat exchange unit 11 that does not include the heat transfer unit 20 (hereinafter referred to as the cooling surface 30) is formed of only the first layer 21 without the second layer 22 of the heat transfer unit 20 formed. .
  • the condensed water adheres as water droplets W1 on the cooling surface 30.
  • the water droplet W1 has a large contact angle, and air stagnation is formed on the cooling surface 30, so that water vapor easily collects in the water droplet W1. For this reason, there exists a possibility that the growth of the frost pillar based on the water droplet W1 may be accelerated
  • the air side in the heat transfer section 20 is hydrophilized, so that condensed water adheres as a thin film W2.
  • the water thin film W2 has a small contact angle and inhibits air flow from being inhibited. Thereby, it becomes difficult to cause air stagnation by the thin film W2, and water vapor hardly collects in the thin film W2. For this reason, the growth of frost based on the thin film W2 of water is suppressed.
  • the surface of the heat transfer section 20 is covered by covering the surface of the first layer 21 as the base material with the second layer 22 made of phosphonic acid-based hydrophilic molecules. Even when condensed water is generated, the growth of frost can be effectively suppressed.
  • phosphonic acid is provided at the end of the second layer 22 on the first layer 21 side, and oxygen in the phosphonic acid is chemically bonded to aluminum in the first layer 21. Share. Thereby, the 1st layer 21 and the 2nd layer 22 can be combined firmly, and the coverage of the 1st layer 21 by the 2nd layer 22 can be made high.
  • a rust prevention layer 21 a is formed on the first layer 21 on the side facing the second layer 22.
  • the rust preventive layer 21 a shares a chemical bond with oxygen in the phosphonic acid in the second layer 22.
  • the rust prevention layer 21a is formed on the surface of the first layer 21 constituting the base material, and the second layer 22 constituting the coating layer is formed on the surface of the rust prevention layer 21a.
  • the rust prevention layer 21 a has a function of suppressing corrosion that occurs in the first layer 21.
  • the rust prevention layer 21a includes a transition element.
  • the transition element is an element between the Group 3 element and the Group 12 element of the periodic table.
  • the anticorrosive layer 21 a containing the transition element has a higher bonding strength with the second layer 22 than the first layer 21.
  • the rust prevention layer 21a may be composed of only a transition element, or may contain a substance other than the transition element.
  • the transition element contained in the rust prevention layer 21a may be one kind or plural kinds.
  • the effect of suppressing corrosion of the first layer 21 is higher when there are a plurality of types of transition elements contained in the rust prevention layer 21a.
  • the transition element contained in the rust prevention layer 21a exists in an oxide state.
  • the first layer 21 is aluminum
  • Zr, Ti, V, Cr, Ni, Zn, and Mo as transition elements constituting the rust prevention layer 21a
  • the first layer 21 is used.
  • V is contained in the rust prevention layer 21a, the effect of suppressing the corrosion of the first layer 21 made of aluminum is high.
  • the manufacturing method of the second embodiment is mainly different from the first embodiment in the first step (pretreatment).
  • a transition element-containing layer containing a transition element is formed on the surface of the aluminum substrate.
  • the aluminum base material constitutes the first layer 21 of the heat transfer section 20, and the transition element-containing layer constitutes the rust prevention layer 21 a of the heat transfer section 20.
  • the transition element-containing layer can be formed, for example, by immersing the aluminum base material in a solution containing a transition element. Next, a hydroxyl group is introduced into the surface of the transition element-containing layer by performing plasma treatment or chemical treatment on the surface of the transition element-containing layer.
  • the second step hydrophilic molecule introduction step
  • the third step baking step
  • the fourth step sodium chloride
  • Steps are performed in order.
  • the bonding strength between the rust preventive layer 21 a formed on the first layer 21 and the second layer 22 by forming the rust preventive layer 21 a on the surface of the first layer 21. Can be improved. Thereby, detachment
  • the transition element contained in the rust prevention layer 21a moves to the surface of the first layer 21 and The surface is covered with a rust prevention layer 21a.
  • the 1st layer 21 corrodes by contact with water, it can control that this corrosion spreads, and the further secession of the 2nd layer 22 resulting from corrosion of the 1st layer 21 can be controlled.
  • the film molecular structure of the second layer 22 aligned with the surface of the heat transfer section 20 is maintained, and the hydrophilicity of the second layer 22 can be maintained over a long period of time.
  • the first layer 21 is made of aluminum, but is not limited thereto, and may be made of other materials such as copper and SUS.
  • the first layer 21 is made of copper or SUS, by providing a binder layer between the first layer 21 and the second layer 22, these layers can be firmly bonded to each other.
  • the binder layer can be made of, for example, SiO2.
  • the second layer 22 is configured as a phosphonic acid-based hydrophilic molecule.
  • the present invention is not limited thereto, and the second layer 22 may be configured as a phosphonic acid-based hydrophobic molecule.
  • the second layer 22 is a phosphonic acid-based hydrophobic molecule, even if condensed water is generated on the surface of the heat transfer section 20, the condensed water is quickly removed. As a result, it is possible to prevent the condensed water from freezing and growing frost on the surface of the heat transfer section 20.
  • phosphonic acid is provided on one end side of the phosphonic acid-based hydrophobic molecule located on the first layer 21 side, and oxygen in the phosphonic acid and aluminum in the first layer 21 share a chemical bond. Good.

Abstract

L'invention concerne un échangeur de chaleur conçu pour permettre un échange de chaleur entre de l'air présentant une humidité spécifiée et un fluide présentant une température inférieure à la température de l'air, l'échangeur comprenant une partie de transfert de chaleur (20) placée de manière à amener au moins un contact avec l'air. La partie de transfert de chaleur présente au moins une première couche (21) et une seconde couche (22) placée entre la première couche et l'air. La seconde couche est formée à partir de multiples molécules hydrophiles ou lipophiles et comprend de l'acide phosphonique au niveau d'un premier terminal des multiples molécules faisant face à la première couche. L'oxygène dans l'acide phosphonique forme une liaison chimique covalente avec la première couche. La croissance du givre peut être suffisamment contrôlée au moyen de cet échangeur de chaleur.
PCT/JP2017/006964 2016-03-03 2017-02-24 Échangeur de chaleur WO2017150353A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2016-040789 2016-03-03
JP2016040789 2016-03-03
JP2017012804A JP2017161215A (ja) 2016-03-03 2017-01-27 熱交換器
JP2017-012804 2017-01-27

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2017150353A1 true WO2017150353A1 (fr) 2017-09-08

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PCT/JP2017/006964 WO2017150353A1 (fr) 2016-03-03 2017-02-24 Échangeur de chaleur

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WO (1) WO2017150353A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP4113051A1 (fr) * 2021-07-01 2023-01-04 Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives Echangeur thermique d'une machine a absorption

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0881650A (ja) * 1994-09-16 1996-03-26 Mitsubishi Alum Co Ltd フィン用塗料組成物、フィン材およびフィンの製造方法 並びにこのフィンが組み込まれてなる熱交換器
JPH08189794A (ja) * 1995-01-13 1996-07-23 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd 熱交換器の製造方法
JP2003249669A (ja) * 2002-02-25 2003-09-05 Kawamura Inst Of Chem Res 有機光電変換素子
JP2006513264A (ja) * 2002-12-23 2006-04-20 ビーエーエスエフ　アクチェンゲゼルシャフト 金属表面処理用の疎水性−親水性化合物
JP2007211164A (ja) * 2006-02-10 2007-08-23 Fujifilm Corp 有機無機複合組成物および光学部品
JP2008156748A (ja) * 2006-12-01 2008-07-10 Kobe Steel Ltd 耐食性に優れたアルミニウム合金材およびプレートフィン式熱交換器、プレート式熱交換器
JP2012087213A (ja) * 2010-10-19 2012-05-10 Nippon Parkerizing Co Ltd 金属材用親水性皮膜、親水化処理剤、及び親水化処理方法
JP2015117874A (ja) * 2013-12-18 2015-06-25 日本軽金属株式会社 フィン・アンド・チューブ型熱交換器及びその製造方法

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0881650A (ja) * 1994-09-16 1996-03-26 Mitsubishi Alum Co Ltd フィン用塗料組成物、フィン材およびフィンの製造方法 並びにこのフィンが組み込まれてなる熱交換器
JPH08189794A (ja) * 1995-01-13 1996-07-23 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd 熱交換器の製造方法
JP2003249669A (ja) * 2002-02-25 2003-09-05 Kawamura Inst Of Chem Res 有機光電変換素子
JP2006513264A (ja) * 2002-12-23 2006-04-20 ビーエーエスエフ　アクチェンゲゼルシャフト 金属表面処理用の疎水性−親水性化合物
JP2007211164A (ja) * 2006-02-10 2007-08-23 Fujifilm Corp 有機無機複合組成物および光学部品
JP2008156748A (ja) * 2006-12-01 2008-07-10 Kobe Steel Ltd 耐食性に優れたアルミニウム合金材およびプレートフィン式熱交換器、プレート式熱交換器
JP2012087213A (ja) * 2010-10-19 2012-05-10 Nippon Parkerizing Co Ltd 金属材用親水性皮膜、親水化処理剤、及び親水化処理方法
JP2015117874A (ja) * 2013-12-18 2015-06-25 日本軽金属株式会社 フィン・アンド・チューブ型熱交換器及びその製造方法

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP4113051A1 (fr) * 2021-07-01 2023-01-04 Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives Echangeur thermique d'une machine a absorption
FR3124854A1 (fr) * 2021-07-01 2023-01-06 Commissariat A L'energie Atomique Et Aux Energies Alternatives Echangeur thermique d’une machine à absorption

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