WO2017134819A1 - アンテナ装置 - Google Patents
アンテナ装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2017134819A1 WO2017134819A1 PCT/JP2016/053515 JP2016053515W WO2017134819A1 WO 2017134819 A1 WO2017134819 A1 WO 2017134819A1 JP 2016053515 W JP2016053515 W JP 2016053515W WO 2017134819 A1 WO2017134819 A1 WO 2017134819A1
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- ground conductor
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- antenna device
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- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 383
- 230000005672 electromagnetic field Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 24
- 238000005388 cross polarization Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 9
- 230000001902 propagating effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
- H01Q13/10—Resonant slot antennas
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P3/00—Waveguides; Transmission lines of the waveguide type
- H01P3/02—Waveguides; Transmission lines of the waveguide type with two longitudinal conductors
- H01P3/08—Microstrips; Strip lines
- H01P3/085—Triplate lines
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P3/00—Waveguides; Transmission lines of the waveguide type
- H01P3/02—Waveguides; Transmission lines of the waveguide type with two longitudinal conductors
- H01P3/06—Coaxial lines
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/40—Radiating elements coated with or embedded in protective material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
- H01Q13/10—Resonant slot antennas
- H01Q13/106—Microstrip slot antennas
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
- H01Q13/10—Resonant slot antennas
- H01Q13/18—Resonant slot antennas the slot being backed by, or formed in boundary wall of, a resonant cavity ; Open cavity antennas
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/0006—Particular feeding systems
- H01Q21/0037—Particular feeding systems linear waveguide fed arrays
- H01Q21/0043—Slotted waveguides
- H01Q21/005—Slotted waveguides arrays
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/0006—Particular feeding systems
- H01Q21/0075—Stripline fed arrays
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/0006—Particular feeding systems
- H01Q21/0075—Stripline fed arrays
- H01Q21/0081—Stripline fed arrays using suspended striplines
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
- H01Q21/061—Two dimensional planar arrays
- H01Q21/064—Two dimensional planar arrays using horn or slot aerials
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P5/00—Coupling devices of the waveguide type
- H01P5/08—Coupling devices of the waveguide type for linking dissimilar lines or devices
- H01P5/10—Coupling devices of the waveguide type for linking dissimilar lines or devices for coupling balanced lines or devices with unbalanced lines or devices
- H01P5/107—Hollow-waveguide/strip-line transitions
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an antenna device using a triplate line as a feed line.
- the antenna device disclosed in the following Non-Patent Document 1 is formed of an upper ground plate having an opening, a lower ground plate, and a strip line disposed between the upper ground plate and the lower ground plate. It has a triplate line.
- the electromagnetic wave propagating through the triplate line has a small attenuation and is in a stable state, so that it is difficult for the electromagnetic wave to be radiated from the opening provided in the upper ground plate.
- a cavity is provided in the lower ground plate at a position facing the opening. The cavity is a recess that is recessed in a direction away from the upper ground plate. Since the cavity is applied to the lower ground plate, the stable state is lost, so that electromagnetic waves are emitted from the opening provided in the upper ground plate.
- An antenna device disclosed in Patent Document 1 below includes a first conductor plate corresponding to the upper ground plate, a second conductor plate corresponding to the lower ground plate, and the strip line.
- a third conductor plate and a second power supply path are further provided, and the triplate line has a two-layer configuration.
- a cavity is provided in the second conductor plate at a position facing the opening provided in the first conductor plate.
- the conventional antenna device is configured as described above, it is possible to break the stable state by the cavity applied to the lower ground plate, but to break the stable state, About 0.25 wavelength is required as the depth of the cavity. Therefore, the subject that the triplate track
- the present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to obtain an antenna device capable of reducing the thickness of the feed line.
- the antenna device includes: a first ground conductor provided with an opening that radiates electromagnetic waves; and a first ground conductor at a position facing the opening provided in the first ground conductor.
- a second ground conductor provided with a cavity recessed in a direction away from the first ground conductor, and a first central conductor disposed between the first ground conductor and the second ground conductor so as to overlap the opening.
- the first central conductor is arranged closer to the first ground conductor side than the second ground conductor.
- the first central conductor is arranged closer to the first ground conductor side than the second ground conductor, the first and second ground conductors and the first ground conductor are arranged. There is an effect that the thickness of the feed line made of the central conductor can be reduced.
- FIG. 3 is a top view showing the antenna device in a state in which a ground conductor 1 is removed from the antenna device of FIG. 2 and central conductors 5, 6 and 7 are visible.
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line A-A ′ in the antenna device of FIG. 2.
- FIG. 3 is a B-B ′ sectional view of the antenna device of FIG. 2.
- FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line A-A ′ in the antenna device of FIG. 6.
- FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line A-A ′ in the antenna device of FIG. 6.
- FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line A-A ′ in the antenna device of FIG. 6.
- FIG. 12 is a B-B ′ sectional view of the antenna device of FIG. 11.
- FIG. 13A is an explanatory diagram showing the reflection characteristic A of horizontal polarization and the reflection characteristic B of vertical polarization
- FIG. 13B shows the frequency characteristics C of the main polarization gain in the boresight direction and the cross polarization gain in the horizontal polarization excitation.
- FIG. 13A is an explanatory diagram showing the reflection characteristic A of horizontal polarization and the reflection characteristic B of vertical polarization
- FIG. 13B shows the frequency characteristics C of the main polarization gain in the boresight direction and the cross polarization gain in the horizontal polarization excitation.
- FIG. 13A is an explanatory diagram showing the reflection characteristic A of horizontal polarization and the reflection characteristic B of
- FIG. 13C is an explanatory diagram showing the frequency characteristic D
- FIG. 13C is an explanatory diagram showing the frequency characteristic E of the main polarization gain and the frequency characteristic F of the cross polarization gain in the boresight direction during vertical polarization excitation. It is a top view which shows the antenna apparatus by Embodiment 4 of this invention.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an antenna apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a top view showing the antenna apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention
- 3 is a top view showing the antenna device in a state where the ground conductor 1 is removed from the antenna device of FIG. 2 and the central conductors 5, 6, and 7 are visible
- FIG. 4 is a diagram of the antenna device of FIG. AA ′ sectional view
- FIG. 5 is a BB ′ sectional view of the antenna device of FIG.
- a ground conductor 1 is a first ground conductor provided with an opening that radiates electromagnetic waves.
- the slots 2a to 2g are openings provided in the ground conductor 1, and electromagnetic waves are radiated into the space from the slots 2a to 2g.
- the ground conductor 3 is a second ground conductor.
- the ground conductor 3 is provided with a cavity 4 which is recessed in a direction away from the ground conductor 1 at a position facing the slots 2a to 2g provided on the ground conductor 1. In the example of FIG. 4, the ground conductor 3 is provided with a cavity 4 that is recessed downward in the drawing.
- the center conductors 5, 6, and 7 are first center conductors disposed between the ground conductor 1 and the ground conductor 3.
- the center conductor 5 includes a center conductor 5a branched from the middle and a center conductor 5b whose tip is bent.
- the center conductor 6 includes center conductors 6a and 6b branched from the middle, and a center conductor 6c whose tip is bent.
- the center conductor 7 includes a center conductor 7a branched from the middle and a center conductor 7b bent at the tip. In the example of FIG. 3, the right side of the drawing is the tips of the center conductors 5, 6, and 7.
- the center conductor 5a is disposed at a position overlapping the slot 2a, and the center conductor 5b is disposed at a position overlapping the slot 2b.
- the center conductor 6a is disposed at a position overlapping the slot 2c
- the center conductor 6b is disposed at a position overlapping with the slot 2d
- the center conductor 6c is disposed at a position overlapping with the slot 2e.
- the center conductor 7a is disposed at a position overlapping the slot 2f
- the center conductor 7b is disposed at a position overlapping the slot 2g.
- the arrangement of the center conductors 5a, 5b, 6a, 6b, 6c, 7a, 7b is closer to the ground conductor 1 side than the ground conductor 3.
- the tapered conductors 8a to 8f are conductors connected to the top of the ground conductor 1. When the tapered conductors 8a to 8f are viewed from above the antenna device, they have a cross shape as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, and when viewed from the side of the antenna device, they have a triangular shape as shown in FIG. ing.
- the tapered conductors 8a to 8f are mounted for the purpose of increasing the bandwidth of the antenna device, and when it is not necessary to increase the bandwidth, it is not necessary to mount the tapered conductors 8a to 8f. .
- the antenna device is arranged between a ground conductor 1 provided with slots 2a to 2g, a ground conductor 3 provided with a cavity 4, and between the ground conductor 1 and the ground conductor 3. It has a triplate line formed from the central conductor 5.
- the antenna device has a triplate line formed of the ground conductor 1, the ground conductor 3, and the center conductor 6, and is formed of the ground conductor 1, the ground conductor 3, and the center conductor 7. It has a triplate line.
- These triplate lines are used as feed lines of the antenna device, and electromagnetic waves propagating through the triplate line have a small attenuation and are in a stable state. In a stable state, it is difficult to radiate electromagnetic waves into the space from the slots 2a to 2g provided on the ground conductor 1.
- the ground conductor 3 In order to operate as an antenna device, it is necessary to radiate electromagnetic waves into the space from the slots 2a to 2g provided in the ground conductor 1. In order to destroy the stable state, the ground conductor 3 is provided with the cavity 4. However, in order to destroy the stable state with only the cavity 4, the depth of the cavity 4 is 0.25. About a wavelength is required, and the triplate line that is a feed line becomes thick. Therefore, in the first embodiment, even when the depth of the cavity 4 is reduced, the arrangement of the central conductors 5a, 5b, 6a, 6b, 6c, 7a, 7b is changed in order to break the stable state. It is closer to the ground conductor 1 side than the ground conductor 3.
- the arrangement of the central conductors 5a, 5b, 6a, 6b, 6c, 7a, and 7b is closer to the ground conductor 1 side than the ground conductor 3, so that the discontinuous points on the ground conductor 1 are slots 2a to 2b. Since 2g approaches the central conductors 5a, 5b, 6a, 6b, 6c, 7a, and 7b, the electromagnetic field in the triplate line is disturbed by the influence of discontinuous points and is in a stable state. Can be broken. For example, when the distance between the ground conductor 1 and the ground conductor 3 is 0.03 wavelength, the distance between the center conductors 5a, 5b, 6a, 6b, 6c, 7a, 7b and the ground conductor 1 is set to 0.
- the stable state can be broken even if the depth of the cavity 4 is about 0.08 wavelength.
- the center conductors 5a, 5b, 6a, 6b, 6c, 7a, and 7b are arranged at the center of the ground conductor 1 and the ground conductor 3, the depth of the cavity 4 can be used to break the stable state. About 0.25 wavelength is required.
- the arrangement of the central conductors 5a, 5b, 6a, 6b, 6c, 7a, 7b seems to be closer to the ground conductor 1 side than the ground conductor 3. Therefore, even when the thickness of the feeder line composed of the ground conductors 1 and 3 and the central conductors 5a, 5b, 6a, 6b, 6c, 7a, and 7b is reduced, the stable state is lost and the slot 2a There is an effect that electromagnetic waves can be radiated from 2 g to space.
- the shapes of the slots 2a to 2g are rectangular.
- the shape of the slots 2a to 2g is not limited to the rectangular shape.
- the shape of the slots 2a to 2g is alphabetical.
- the shape of H may be sufficient.
- the shape of the slots 2a to 2g may be a shape in which ends of the slots 2a to 2g are rounded.
- the ends of the slots 2a to 2g may be rounded.
- each antenna element in the antenna device includes a slot 2 and a central conductor. That is, the slot 2a and the center conductor 5a constitute one antenna element, and the slot 2b and the center conductor 5b constitute one antenna element.
- the slot 2c and the center conductor 6a constitute one antenna element
- the slot 2d and the center conductor 6b constitute one antenna element
- the slot 2e and the center conductor 6c constitute one antenna element.
- the slot 2f and the center conductor 7a constitute one antenna element
- the slot 2g and the center conductor 7b constitute one antenna element.
- an example in which the two-dimensional arrangement of seven antenna elements is two columns in the x direction and three columns in the y direction is merely an example, and in the x direction and the y direction, Any number of antenna elements can be arranged.
- the two-dimensional arrangement of antenna elements is the same in the second to fourth embodiments described later.
- Embodiment 2 the arrangement of the center conductors 5a, 5b, 6a, 6b, 6c, 7a, and 7b is closer to the ground conductor 1 side than the ground conductor 3 in order to break the stable state.
- a disturbance conductor may be provided as a conductor that disturbs the electromagnetic field between the ground conductor 1 and the ground conductor 3.
- FIG. 6 is a top view showing an antenna apparatus according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. However, FIG. 6 shows a state in which the ground conductor 1 is removed from the antenna device and the central conductors 5, 6, and 7 are visible. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA ′ in the antenna apparatus of FIG. However, FIG. 7 shows the antenna device in a state where the ground conductor 1 is not removed. 6 and 7, the same reference numerals as those in FIGS. 1 to 5 denote the same or corresponding parts, and the description thereof will be omitted.
- the ground conductors 11 a to 11 i are third ground conductors having one end connected to the ground conductor 1 and the other end connected to the ground conductor 3.
- the ground conductors 11 a to 11 i are connected to the ground conductor 1 and the ground conductor 3. It is used as a conductor (disturbing conductor) that disturbs the electromagnetic field between them.
- ground conductors 11a to 11i are provided in the vicinity of the slots 2a to 2g as conductors that disturb the electromagnetic field between the ground conductor 1 and the ground conductor 3.
- the ground conductors 11a to 11i become discontinuous points when propagating electromagnetic waves.
- the electromagnetic field in the triplate line is disturbed by the influence of the discontinuous points due to the ground conductors 11a to 11i, and the stable state can be destroyed.
- electromagnetic waves can be emitted from the slots 2a to 2g into the space.
- one end is connected to the ground conductor 1 and the other end is the ground conductor 3 as a conductor that disturbs the electromagnetic field between the ground conductor 1 and the ground conductor 3. Since the ground conductors 11a to 11i connected to each other are provided, when the thickness of the feeder line composed of the ground conductors 1 and 3 and the center conductors 5a, 5b, 6a, 6b, 6c, 7a, and 7b is reduced, However, there is an effect that the electromagnetic wave can be radiated from the slots 2a to 2g to the space by breaking the stable state.
- the center conductors 5a, 5b, 6a, 6b, 6c, 7a, and 7b are arranged at the center of the ground conductor 1 and the ground conductor 3 .
- the arrangement of the center conductors 5a, 5b, 6a, 6b, 6c, 7a, and 7b may be made closer to the ground conductor 1 side than the ground conductor 3. In this case, since there are more elements that break the stable state, the stable state can be broken even if the depth of the cavity 4 is further reduced. As a result, the thickness of the feed line of the antenna device can be further reduced.
- ground conductors 11a to 11a having one end connected to the ground conductor 1 and the other end connected to the ground conductor 3.
- one end of the ground conductors 11a to 11i is connected to the ground conductor 1, but the other end of the ground conductors 11a to 11i is connected to the ground conductor 3, as shown in FIG.
- the other end may extend to the vicinity of the ground conductor 3.
- the other ends of the ground conductors 11a to 11i are connected to the ground conductor 3, but one end of each of the ground conductors 11a to 11i is not connected to the ground conductor 1, and one end is the ground conductor.
- FIG. 8 and 9 are AA ′ cross-sectional views of the antenna device of FIG. However, in FIG.8 and FIG.9, the antenna apparatus in the state in which the ground conductor 1 is not removed is shown. As described above, even when one end or the other end of the ground conductors 11a to 11i is not connected to the ground conductors 1 and 3, the ground conductors 11a to 11i are discontinuous points in propagating electromagnetic waves, so that both ends are As in the case of being connected, the stable state can be broken.
- the ground conductors 11a to 11i are plate-like conductors.
- the ground conductors 11a to 11i are not limited to plate-like conductors.
- the ground conductors 11a to 11i are It may be a rod-shaped conductor.
- Embodiment 3 In the second embodiment, as the conductor for disturbing the electromagnetic field between the ground conductor 1 and the ground conductor 3, the ground conductors 11a to 11a having one end connected to the ground conductor 1 and the other end connected to the ground conductor 3 are used. Although the one provided with 11i is shown, the second central conductor may be connected to the tip of the central conductors 5a, 5b, 6a, 6b, 6c, 7a, 7b as the disturbance conductor.
- FIG. 10 is a top view showing an antenna apparatus according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
- FIG. 10 shows a state where the ground conductor 1 is removed from the antenna device and the central conductors 5, 6, and 7 are visible.
- the same reference numerals as those in FIGS. 3 and 6 denote the same or corresponding parts, and the description thereof is omitted.
- the center conductors 12a, 12b, 12c, 12d, 12e, 12f, and 12g are used as conductors (disturbing conductors) that disturb the electromagnetic field between the ground conductor 1 and the ground conductor 3.
- the center conductors 12a and 12b are connected to the tips 5a t and 5b t of the center conductors 5a and 5b at a right angle to the center conductors 5a and 5b, and are arranged in the same plane as the center conductors 5a and 5b. It is. Central conductors 12c, 12d, 12e central conductor 6a, 6b, 6c of the tip 6a t, 6b t, to 6c t, the center conductor 6a, 6b, coupled 6c at right angles, the central conductor 6a, 6b, 6c and flush It is the 2nd center conductor arrange
- the center conductors 12f and 12g are connected to the tips 7a t and 7b t of the center conductors 7a and 7b at right angles to the center conductors 7a and 7b, and are arranged in the same plane as the center conductors 7a and 7b. It is.
- the central conductors 12a to 12g are provided as conductors that disturb the electromagnetic field between the ground conductor 1 and the ground conductor 3.
- the central conductors 12a to 12g become discontinuous points when propagating electromagnetic waves.
- the electromagnetic field in the triplate line is disturbed by the influence of the discontinuous points due to the central conductors 12a to 12g, and the stable state can be destroyed.
- electromagnetic waves can be emitted from the slots 2a to 2g into the space.
- the central conductors 5a, 5b, 6a, 6b, 6c, 7a, 7b are used as conductors that disturb the electromagnetic field between the ground conductor 1 and the ground conductor 3.
- 5a t , 5b t , 6a t , 6b t , 6c t , 7a t , 7b t are connected in the same plane as the central conductors 5a, 5b, 6a, 6b, 6c, 7a, 7b.
- the arrangement of the center conductors 5a, 5b, 6a, 6b, 6c, 7a, 7b is arranged on the ground conductor 1 side with respect to the ground conductor 3. You may make it approach. In this case, since the elements that break the stable state increase, the stable state can be broken even if the depth of the cavity 4 is further reduced. As a result, the thickness of the feed line of the antenna device can be further reduced.
- ground conductors 11a to 11i may be provided between the ground conductor 1 and the ground conductor 3.
- ground conductors 11a to 11i are provided.
- the central conductors 12a to 12g are connected to the tips 5a t , 5b t , 6a t , 6b t , 6c t , 7a t , 7b of the central conductors 5a, 5b, 6a, 6b, 6c, 7a, 7b.
- the center conductors 12a to 12g may be discontinuous points for propagating electromagnetic waves, and are not limited to those connected at right angles.
- the center conductor 12a ⁇ 12 g is, the center conductor 5a, 5b, 6a, 6b, 6c, 7a, 7b of the tip 5a t, 5b t, 6a t , to 6b t, 6c t, 7a t , 7b t
- it may be connected at an angle of 45 degrees or 60 degrees.
- Embodiment 4 FIG.
- an electromagnetic field is concentrated near the center conductor, but the center conductors 5, 6, and 7 are close to each other as in the antenna devices of the first to third embodiments.
- an electromagnetic wave called a parallel plate mode may be generated between the ground conductor 1 and the ground conductor 3. .
- coupling suppression conductors are provided on both sides of the central conductors 5, 6 and 7 as conductors for forcibly blocking the coupling between the triplate lines. What provides is described.
- FIG. 11 is a top view showing an antenna apparatus according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention. However, FIG. 11 shows a state where the ground conductor 1 is removed from the antenna device and the central conductors 5, 6, and 7 are visible. 12 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB ′ in the antenna apparatus of FIG. However, FIG. 12 shows the antenna device in a state where the ground conductor 1 is not removed. 11 and 12, the same reference numerals as those in FIGS. 1 to 10 denote the same or corresponding parts, and a description thereof will be omitted.
- the side walls 13a, 13b, 13c, and 13d are used as coupling suppression conductors.
- the side wall 13 a is disposed on one side of the central conductor 5, one end is connected to the ground conductor 1, and the other end is connected to the ground conductor 3.
- the side wall 13 b is disposed on the other side of the center conductor 5 and one side of the center conductor 6, one end connected to the ground conductor 1, and the other end connected to the ground conductor 3.
- the side wall 13 c is disposed on the other side of the center conductor 6 and one side of the center conductor 7, and one end is connected to the ground conductor 1 and the other end is connected to the ground conductor 3.
- the side wall 13 d is disposed on the other side of the central conductor 7, one end is connected to the ground conductor 1, and the other end is connected to the ground conductor 3.
- the side wall 13 a is arranged on the upper side of the paper surface of the center conductor 5, and the side wall 13 b is arranged between the center conductor 5 and the center conductor 6.
- a side wall 13 c is disposed between the center conductor 6 and the center conductor 7, and a side wall 13 d is disposed below the center conductor 7 in the drawing.
- the side walls 13a to 13d are applied to the antenna device of the third embodiment, but the side walls 13a to 13d are applied to the antenna devices of the first and second embodiments. It may be a thing.
- the side walls 13a to 13d are the same as those in the first to third embodiments except for the side walls 13a to 13d, and therefore the side walls 13a to 13d will be described here. Since the side walls 13a to 13d are conductors arranged so as to isolate the center conductors 5, 6, and 7, the triplate line including the center conductor 5, the triplate line including the center conductor 6, and the center conductor 7 are provided. Is isolated from the triplate line including As a result, even when the central conductors 5, 6 and 7 are arranged close to each other or when there are discontinuous portions such as the slots 2a to 2g and the cavity 4, the coupling between the triplate lines is performed. Can be forcibly shut off. Therefore, generation of electromagnetic waves called a parallel plate mode between the ground conductor 1 and the ground conductor 3 can be prevented.
- FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram showing electromagnetic field simulation results for the antenna device according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- 13A shows the reflection characteristic A of the horizontal polarization and the reflection characteristic B of the vertical polarization.
- FIG. 13B shows the frequency characteristic C of the main polarization gain and the frequency characteristic of the cross polarization gain in the bore sight direction during horizontal polarization excitation. D is shown.
- FIG. 13C shows the frequency characteristic E of the main polarization gain and the frequency characteristic F of the cross polarization gain in the boresight direction during vertical polarization excitation.
- the depth of the cavity 4 is 0.08 wavelength.
- the band where the voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) is 1.5 or less is about 8 to about 12.
- the side walls 13a to 13d are arranged on both sides of the central conductors 5, 6 and 7 as conductors for forcibly blocking the coupling between the triplate lines. Therefore, even when the central conductors 5, 6, and 7 are arranged close to each other or when there are discontinuous portions such as the slots 2a to 2g and the cavity 4, the ground conductor 1 and the ground There is an effect that it is possible to prevent the generation of electromagnetic waves called parallel plate mode between the conductors 3 and to prevent deterioration of electrical characteristics. Therefore, an antenna device capable of two-dimensional electronic scanning with good electrical characteristics and orthogonal two-polarization excitation can be realized.
- the side walls 13a to 13d are arranged as the coupling suppression conductors.
- the ground conductor 1 and the ground conductor 3 are electrically connected as the coupling suppression conductors.
- a plurality of conductor bars or the like may be arranged on both sides of the center conductors 5, 6, 7.
- a choke structure having a convex portion or a concave portion may be provided on the ground conductor 1 or the ground conductor 3 as a coupling suppressing conductor. Even when a conductor rod or choke structure is provided, the generation of an electromagnetic wave called a parallel plate mode can be prevented between the ground conductor 1 and the ground conductor 3, as with the side walls 13a to 13d.
- the antenna device capable of exciting two orthogonal polarizations has been described.
- the present invention is not limited to the antenna device capable of exciting two orthogonal polarizations, and is an antenna of single polarization excitation. It can also be applied to devices.
- the antenna apparatus of FIG. 2 if the three cavities 4 corresponding to the central conductors 6a, 6b, 6c, the slots 2c, 2d, 2e and the slots 2c, 2d, 2e are deleted, single polarization excitation can be achieved. It can be operated as an antenna device.
- the central conductors 5a, 5b, 6a, 6b, 6c, 7a, and 7b are linear in shape.
- the ends 5a t , 5b t , 6a t , 6b t , 6c t , 7a t , 7b t are bent in the vicinity of the slots 2a to 2g. Also good.
- FIG. 14 shows a state where the ground conductor 1 is removed from the antenna device and the central conductors 5, 6, and 7 are visible.
- the center conductors 5a, 5b, 6a, 6b, 6c, 7a, and 7b and the center conductors 12a to 12g are supported by spacers.
- the dielectric substrate on which the central conductors 5a, 5b, 6a, 6b, 6c, 7a, 7b and the central conductors 12a to 12g are patterned is used as the ground conductor 1 and the ground conductor. Similar electrical characteristics can be obtained even if it is arranged between the three.
- the antenna device according to the present invention uses a triplate line as a feed line and is suitable for reducing the thickness of the feed line.
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- Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
Abstract
Description
トリプレート線路を伝搬する電磁波は、減衰量が小さく、安定している状態にあるため、上方接地板に施されている開口部から電磁波が放射され難いことに鑑み、上方接地板に施されている開口部と対向する位置に、キャビティが下方接地板に施されている。このキャビティは、上方接地板と離れる方向に凹んでいる凹部である。
キャビティが下方接地板に施されることで、安定している状態が崩れるため、上方接地板に施されている開口部から電磁波が放射されるようになる。
このアンテナ装置でも、第1の導電体板に施されている開口部と対向する位置に、キャビティが第2の導電体板に施されている。
図1はこの発明の実施の形態1によるアンテナ装置を示す斜視図であり、図2はこの発明の実施の形態1によるアンテナ装置を示す上面図である。
また、図3は図2のアンテナ装置から地導体1が除去されて、中心導体5,6,7が見えている状態のアンテナ装置を示す上面図であり、図4は図2のアンテナ装置におけるA-A’断面図、図5は図2のアンテナ装置におけるB-B’断面図である。
スロット2a~2gは地導体1に施されている開口部であり、スロット2a~2gから電磁波が空間に放射される。
地導体3は第2の地導体である。
地導体3には、地導体1に施されているスロット2a~2gと対向する位置に、地導体1と離れる方向に凹んでいるキャビティ4が施されている。図4の例では、紙面下方向に凹んでいるキャビティ4が地導体3に施されている。
また、中心導体5は、途中から分岐されている中心導体5aと、先端が折り曲げられている中心導体5bとを含んでいる。中心導体6は、途中から分岐されている中心導体6a,6bと、先端が折り曲げられている中心導体6cとを含んでいる。中心導体7は、途中から分岐されている中心導体7aと、先端が折り曲げられている中心導体7bとを含んでいる。図3の例では、紙面右側が中心導体5,6,7の先端である。
中心導体5aはスロット2aと重なる位置に配置され、中心導体5bはスロット2bと重なる位置に配置されている。中心導体6aはスロット2cと重なる位置に配置され、中心導体6bはスロット2dと重なる位置に配置され、中心導体6cはスロット2eと重なる位置に配置されている。中心導体7aはスロット2fと重なる位置に配置され、中心導体7bはスロット2gと重なる位置に配置されている。
なお、中心導体5a,5b,6a,6b,6c,7a,7bの配置は地導体3よりも地導体1側に近づけられている。
テーパー状導体8a~8fをアンテナ装置の上方から見ると、図2及び図3に示すように十字形状をなしており、アンテナ装置の側方から見ると、図4に示すように三角形状をなしている。
なお、テーパー状導体8a~8fは、アンテナ装置の広帯域化を図る目的で実装されているものであり、広帯域化を図る必要がない場合には、テーパー状導体8a~8fを実装する必要がない。
この実施の形態1のアンテナ装置は、スロット2a~2gが施されている地導体1と、キャビティ4が施されている地導体3と、地導体1と地導体3の間に配置されている中心導体5とから形成されているトリプレート線路を有している。また、このアンテナ装置は、地導体1と、地導体3と、中心導体6とから形成されているトリプレート線路を有し、地導体1と、地導体3と、中心導体7とから形成されているトリプレート線路を有している。
これらのトリプレート線路は、アンテナ装置の給電線路として用いられ、トリプレート線路を伝搬する電磁波は、減衰量が小さく、安定している状態にある。安定している状態では、地導体1に施されているスロット2a~2gから電磁波を空間に放射させることが困難である。
そこで、安定している状態を崩すために、地導体3にキャビティ4が施されているが、キャビティ4だけで、安定している状態を崩すには、キャビティ4の深さとして、0.25波長程度必要となり、給電線路であるトリプレート線路が厚くなる。
そこで、この実施の形態1では、キャビティ4の深さを薄くした場合においても、安定している状態を崩すために、中心導体5a,5b,6a,6b,6c,7a,7bの配置を、地導体3よりも地導体1側に近づけている。
例えば、地導体1と地導体3との間の距離が0.03波長であるとき、中心導体5a,5b,6a,6b,6c,7a,7bと地導体1との間の距離を0.01波長程度にすると、キャビティ4の深さが0.08波長程度であっても、安定している状態を崩すことができる。
なお、中心導体5a,5b,6a,6b,6c,7a,7bが、地導体1と地導体3の中央に配置されている場合、安定している状態を崩すには、キャビティ4の深さとして、0.25波長程度が必要である。
また、スロット2a~2gの形状が、スロット2a~2gの端部が丸みを帯びている形状であってもよい。
例えば、スロット2a~2gが機械切削加工によって作られる場合には、スロット2a~2gの端部が丸みを帯びている形状になることがある。
また、スロット2cと中心導体6aが1つのアンテナ素子を構成し、スロット2dと中心導体6bが1つのアンテナ素子を構成し、スロット2eと中心導体6cが1つのアンテナ素子を構成している。
さらに、スロット2fと中心導体7aが1つのアンテナ素子を構成し、スロット2gと中心導体7bが1つのアンテナ素子を構成している。
この実施の形態1では、7個のアンテナ素子の2次元配置が、x方向に2列、y方向に3列の例を示しているが、これは一例に過ぎず、x方向及びy方向に任意の数のアンテナ素子を配置することができる。
アンテナ素子の2次元配置については、後述の実施の形態2~4でも同様である。
上記実施の形態1では、安定している状態を崩すために、中心導体5a,5b,6a,6b,6c,7a,7bの配置が、地導体3よりも地導体1側に近づいているものを示したが、安定している状態を崩すために、地導体1と地導体3との間の電磁界を攪乱させる導体として攪乱用導体を設けるようにしてもよい。
図7は図6のアンテナ装置におけるA-A’断面図である。ただし、図7では、地導体1が除去されていない状態でのアンテナ装置を示している。
図6及び図7において、図1から図5と同一符号は同一または相当部分を示すので説明を省略する。
地導体11a~11iは一端が地導体1と接続され、他端が地導体3と接続されている第3の地導体であり、地導体11a~11iは、地導体1と地導体3との間の電磁界を攪乱させる導体(攪乱用導体)として用いられる。
キャビティ4の深さが小さくても、安定している状態を崩して、地導体1に施されているスロット2a~2gから電磁波を空間に放射させることができるようにするために、この実施の形態2では、地導体1と地導体3との間の電磁界を攪乱させる導体として、スロット2a~2g付近に地導体11a~11iを設けている。地導体11a~11iは、電磁波を伝搬する上で不連続点となる。
これにより、トリプレート線路内の電磁界が、地導体11a~11iによる不連続点の影響で攪乱されることになり、安定している状態を崩すことができる。その結果、スロット2a~2gから電磁波を空間に放射させることができるようになる。
あるいは、図9に示すように、地導体11a~11iの他端が地導体3と接続されているが、地導体11a~11iの一端が地導体1と接続されておらず、一端が地導体1付近まで延伸しているものであってもよい。
図8及び図9は図6のアンテナ装置におけるA-A’断面図である。ただし、図8及び図9では、地導体1が除去されていない状態でのアンテナ装置を示している。
このように、地導体11a~11iの一端又は他端が地導体1,3と接続されていない場合でも、地導体11a~11iは、電磁波を伝搬する上で不連続点となるため、両端が接続されている場合と同様に、安定している状態を崩すことができる。
上記実施の形態2では、地導体1と地導体3との間の電磁界を攪乱させる導体として、一端が地導体1と接続され、他端が地導体3と接続されている地導体11a~11iを設けるものを示しているが、攪乱用導体として、中心導体5a,5b,6a,6b,6c,7a,7bの先端に第2の中心導体を接続するようにしてもよい。
図10において、図3及び図6と同一符号は同一または相当部分を示すので説明を省略する。
中心導体12a,12b,12c,12d,12e,12f,12gは地導体1と地導体3との間の電磁界を攪乱させる導体(攪乱用導体)として用いられる。
中心導体12a,12bは中心導体5a,5bの先端5at,5btに、中心導体5a,5bと直角に接続され、中心導体5a,5bと同一平面内に配置されている第2の中心導体である。
中心導体12c,12d,12eは中心導体6a,6b,6cの先端6at,6bt,6ctに、中心導体6a,6b,6cと直角に接続され、中心導体6a,6b,6cと同一平面内に配置されている第2の中心導体である。
中心導体12f,12gは中心導体7a,7bの先端7at,7btに、中心導体7a,7bと直角に接続され、中心導体7a,7bと同一平面内に配置されている第2の中心導体である。
キャビティ4の深さが小さくても、安定している状態を崩して、地導体1に施されているスロット2a~2gから電磁波を空間に放射させることができるようにするために、この実施の形態3では、地導体1と地導体3との間の電磁界を攪乱させる導体として、中心導体12a~12gを設けている。中心導体12a~12gは、電磁波を伝搬する上で不連続点となる。
これにより、トリプレート線路内の電磁界が、中心導体12a~12gによる不連続点の影響で攪乱されることになり、安定している状態を崩すことができる。その結果、スロット2a~2gから電磁波を空間に放射させることができるようになる。
また、上記実施の形態2と同様に、地導体1と地導体3の間に地導体11a~11iを設けるようにしてもよい。図10の例では、地導体11a~11iを設けている。これにより、安定している状態を崩す要素が増えるため、キャビティ4の深さを更に薄くした場合においても、安定している状態を崩すことができる。その結果、アンテナ装置の給電線路の厚みを更に薄くすることができる。
一般に、孤立しているトリプレート線路では、中心導体の近傍に電磁界が集中して存在するが、上記実施の形態1~3のアンテナ装置のように、中心導体5,6,7が近接して配置されている場合、あるいは、スロット2a~2gやキャビティ4のような不連続部分が存在している場合、地導体1と地導体3の間に平行平板モードと呼ばれる電磁波が生じることがある。このような電磁波の減衰量は小さく、電気特性を劣化させることが知られている。
この実施の形態4では、平行平板モードと呼ばれる電磁波を抑制するために、中心導体5,6,7の両側に、各々のトリプレート線路同士の結合を強制的に遮断する導体として結合抑制用導体を設けるものについて説明する。
図12は図11のアンテナ装置におけるB-B’断面図である。ただし、図12では、地導体1が除去されていない状態でのアンテナ装置を示している。
図11及び図12において、図1から図10と同一符号は同一または相当部分を示すので説明を省略する。
側壁13aは中心導体5の一方の側に配置され、一端が地導体1と接続されて、他端が地導体3と接続されている。側壁13bは中心導体5の他方の側及び中心導体6の一方の側に配置され、一端が地導体1と接続されて、他端が地導体3と接続されている。
また、側壁13cは中心導体6の他方の側及び中心導体7の一方の側に配置され、一端が地導体1と接続されて、他端が地導体3と接続されている。側壁13dは中心導体7の他方の側に配置され、一端が地導体1と接続されて、他端が地導体3と接続されている。
図11の例では、中心導体5の紙面上側に側壁13aが配置され、中心導体5と中心導体6の間に側壁13bが配置されている。また、中心導体6と中心導体7の間に側壁13cが配置され、中心導体7の紙面下側に側壁13dが配置されている。
側壁13a~13d以外は、上記実施の形態1~3と同様であるため、ここでは、側壁13a~13dについて説明する。
側壁13a~13dは、中心導体5,6,7を隔離するように配置されている導体であるため、中心導体5を含むトリプレート線路と、中心導体6を含むトリプレート線路と、中心導体7を含むトリプレート線路とが孤立している。
これにより、中心導体5,6,7が近接して配置されている場合や、スロット2a~2gやキャビティ4のような不連続部分が存在している場合でも、各々のトリプレート線路同士の結合を強制的に遮断することができる。
したがって、地導体1と地導体3の間に平行平板モードと呼ばれる電磁波の発生を防止することができる。
図13Aは水平偏波の反射特性A及び垂直偏波の反射特性Bを示し、図13Bは水平偏波励振時のボアサイト方向における主偏波利得の周波数特性Cと交差偏波利得の周波数特性Dを示している。
また、図13Cは垂直偏波励振時のボアサイト方向における主偏波利得の周波数特性Eと交差偏波利得の周波数特性Fを示している。
ただし、この電磁界シミュレーションでは、キャビティ4の深さが0.08波長であるとしている。
このため、図11及び図12のアンテナ装置は、広帯域に亘って、入出力インピーダンスの整合が取られていると言える。
また、図13Cより、垂直偏波励振時にも、50dB以上(=主偏波利得の周波数特性E-交差偏波利得の周波数特性F)の良好な交差偏波レベルが得られている。
したがって、図11及び図12のアンテナ装置は、水平偏波励振時でも、垂直偏波励振時でも、良好な交差偏波レベルを実現できることが分かる。
よって、電気特性が良好な2次元電子走査及び直交2偏波励振が可能なアンテナ装置を実現することができる。
また、側壁13a~13dの代わりに、結合抑制用導体として、地導体1又は地導体3に対して、凸部又は凹部を有するチョーク構造を設けるようにしてもよい。
導体棒やチョーク構造などを設ける場合でも、側壁13a~13dと同様に、地導体1と地導体3の間に平行平板モードと呼ばれる電磁波の発生を防止することができる。
例えば、図2のアンテナ装置では、中心導体6a,6b,6c、スロット2c,2d,2e及びスロット2c,2d,2eに対応している3つのキャビティ4を削除すれば、単一偏波励振のアンテナ装置として動作させることができる。
図14は、アンテナ装置から地導体1が除去されて、中心導体5,6,7が見えている状態を示している。
Claims (11)
- 電磁波を放射する開口部が施されている第1の地導体と、
前記第1の地導体に施されている開口部と対向する位置に、前記第1の地導体と離れる方向に凹んでいるキャビティが施されている第2の地導体と、
前記第1の地導体と前記第2の地導体の間で、前記開口部と重なる位置に配置されている第1の中心導体とを備え、
前記第1の中心導体の配置が、前記第2の地導体よりも前記第1の地導体側に近づけられていることを特徴とするアンテナ装置。 - 前記第1の地導体と前記第2の地導体との間の電磁界を攪乱させる導体である攪乱用導体を備えたことを特徴とする請求項1記載のアンテナ装置。
- 前記第1の中心導体の両側にそれぞれ配置され、一端が前記第1の地導体と接続されて、他端が前記第2の地導体と接続されている導体である結合抑制用導体を備えたことを特徴とする請求項1記載のアンテナ装置。
- 前記第1の中心導体の両側にそれぞれ配置され、一端が前記第1の地導体と接続されて、他端が前記第2の地導体と接続されている導体である結合抑制用導体を備えたことを特徴とする請求項2記載のアンテナ装置。
- 前記第1の地導体に施されている開口部と、前記第1の中心導体とを含むアンテナ素子が、2次元に複数配置されていることを特徴とする請求項1記載のアンテナ装置。
- 電磁波を放射する開口部が施されている第1の地導体と、
前記第1の地導体に施されている開口部と対向する位置に、前記第1の地導体と離れる方向に凹んでいるキャビティが施されている第2の地導体と、
前記第1の地導体と前記第2の地導体の間で、前記開口部と重なる位置に配置されている第1の中心導体と、
前記第1の地導体と前記第2の地導体との間の電磁界を攪乱させる導体である攪乱用導体と
を備えたアンテナ装置。 - 前記攪乱用導体として、一端が前記第1の地導体と接続され、他端が前記第2の地導体と接続されている第3の地導体を備えたことを特徴とする請求項6記載のアンテナ装置。
- 前記攪乱用導体として、一端が前記第1の地導体又は前記第2の地導体と接続され、他端が前記第2の地導体又は前記第1の地導体側に延伸している第3の地導体を備えたことを特徴とする請求項6記載のアンテナ装置。
- 前記攪乱用導体として、前記第1の中心導体の先端に接続され、前記第1の中心導体と同一平面内に配置されている第2の中心導体を備えたことを特徴とする請求項6記載のアンテナ装置。
- 前記第1の中心導体の両側にそれぞれ配置され、一端が前記第1の地導体と接続されて、他端が前記第2の地導体と接続されている導体である結合抑制用導体を備えたことを特徴とする請求項6記載のアンテナ装置。
- 前記第1の地導体に施されている開口部と、前記第1の中心導体とを含むアンテナ素子が、2次元に複数配置されていることを特徴とする請求項6記載のアンテナ装置。
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PCT/JP2016/053515 WO2017134819A1 (ja) | 2016-02-05 | 2016-02-05 | アンテナ装置 |
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JP2019134400A (ja) * | 2017-08-18 | 2019-08-08 | 日本電産株式会社 | アンテナアレイ |
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US20200021032A1 (en) * | 2017-03-29 | 2020-01-16 | Mitsubishi Electric Corporation | Antenna device |
KR101985686B1 (ko) * | 2018-01-19 | 2019-06-04 | 에스케이텔레콤 주식회사 | 수직 편파 안테나 |
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JP2019134400A (ja) * | 2017-08-18 | 2019-08-08 | 日本電産株式会社 | アンテナアレイ |
JP7294608B2 (ja) | 2017-08-18 | 2023-06-20 | ニデックエレシス株式会社 | アンテナアレイ |
Also Published As
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US10873121B2 (en) | 2020-12-22 |
EP3392968A1 (en) | 2018-10-24 |
JPWO2017134819A1 (ja) | 2018-02-08 |
US20180375183A1 (en) | 2018-12-27 |
EP3392968B1 (en) | 2020-08-12 |
EP3392968A4 (en) | 2019-01-16 |
JP6073531B1 (ja) | 2017-02-01 |
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