WO2017128759A1 - 一种燃料生伏特电池 - Google Patents

一种燃料生伏特电池 Download PDF

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WO2017128759A1
WO2017128759A1 PCT/CN2016/101153 CN2016101153W WO2017128759A1 WO 2017128759 A1 WO2017128759 A1 WO 2017128759A1 CN 2016101153 W CN2016101153 W CN 2016101153W WO 2017128759 A1 WO2017128759 A1 WO 2017128759A1
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fuel
conductor
positive electrode
fuel cell
ion conductor
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PCT/CN2016/101153
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French (fr)
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刘富德
郑大伟
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广州道动新能源有限公司
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

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  • the present invention relates to the field of battery technologies, and in particular, to a fuel cell battery.
  • a solar cell is an optoelectronic semiconductor device that directly generates electricity by using sunlight. As long as it is illuminated, it can output a voltage instantaneously and generate a current in the presence of a loop. It is called Photovoltaic in physics, or PV for short.
  • Photovoltaic effect refers to the phenomenon that the light causes a potential difference between different semiconductors or different parts of the semiconductor and the metal, and the solar cell converts the light energy into electric energy through the effect. Since illumination is an essential element of the photovoltaic effect, the weather factor has a great influence on the performance of solar cells. In the environment of light or no light, such as cloudy or rainy days and nights, solar cells will not be able to use their power generation and power supply. effect.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a fuel-fired battery for the deficiencies of the prior art, and combines the working principle of an electrochemical battery and a solar photovoltaic cell to utilize a fuel to generate a potential difference between an uneven semiconductor or a semiconductor-metal interface. Therefore, the chemical energy in the fuel is converted into electric energy, and is less affected by weather, environment and the like, and has the advantages of stable power generation, quietness, high energy efficiency, and the like, and the fuel source is widely available and the cost is low.
  • a fuel cell battery includes an ion conductor and an electron conductor disposed adjacent to each other, and a fuel passage for the passage of battery fuel between the ion conductor and the electron conductor, and a positive connection with the ion conductor and the electron conductor respectively
  • the negative electrode is disposed on a side of the electron conductor facing away from the fuel passage, and the positive electrode and the negative electrode are connected by an external circuit.
  • the width of the fuel passage is 0-10 cm.
  • one side of the positive electrode is provided with an oxidant inlet passage and a product discharge passage.
  • the external circuit comprises a wire and a load, and the two poles of the load are respectively connected to the positive electrode and the negative electrode through the wire.
  • the ionic conductor is a p-type semiconductor and the electron conductor is an n-type semiconductor.
  • the distance between the p-type semiconductor and the n-type semiconductor is 1 to 200 ⁇ m.
  • the battery fuel is methanol, hydrogen, ethanol, other hydrocarbons or a metal fuel.
  • the present invention has the beneficial effects that the fuel cell of the present invention comprises an adjacently disposed ion conductor, an electron conductor, and a fuel for passing the battery fuel between the ion conductor and the electron conductor.
  • the channel further includes a positive electrode and a negative electrode respectively connected to the ion conductor and the electron conductor, the positive electrode being disposed on a side of the ion conductor facing away from the fuel passage, and the negative electrode being disposed on a side of the electron conductor facing away from the fuel passage, the positive electrode
  • the electrode and the negative electrode are connected by an external circuit, and the invention utilizes a battery fuel to chemically react under the action of the ionic conductor and the electron conductor, and generates a potential difference phenomenon, thereby realizing conversion of chemical energy in the battery fuel into electric energy, and is less subject to The influence of weather, environment and other factors has the advantages of stable power generation, quietness, and high energy efficiency.
  • the battery fuel is required to have a wide range of sources and low cost.
  • 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of a fuel cell of the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a fuel cell battery of Embodiment 2.
  • 3 is a graph showing voltage and current tests of the third embodiment.
  • Example 4 is a graph showing voltage and current tests of Example 4.
  • 1-ion conductor 2-electron conductor, 3-fuel channel, 4-positive electrode, 5-negative electrode, 6-wire, 7-load, 8-p-type semiconductor, 9-n-type semiconductor.
  • the fuel cell of the present embodiment includes an ion conductor 1 and an electron conductor 2 disposed adjacent to each other, and a fuel passage 3 for passage of battery fuel between the ion conductor 1 and the electron conductor 2 is provided. Also comprising a positive electrode 4 and a negative electrode 5 respectively connected to the ion conductor 1, the electron conductor 2, the positive electrode 4 being disposed on a side of the ion conductor 1 facing away from the fuel passage 3, the negative electrode 5 being disposed away from the electron conductor 2 On the side of the fuel passage 3, the positive electrode 4 and the negative electrode 5 are connected by an external circuit.
  • the present invention utilizes battery fuel to chemically react under the action of the ionic conductor 1 and the electron conductor 2, and generates a potential difference, thereby realizing the battery.
  • the chemical energy in the fuel is converted into electric energy, and is less affected by weather, environment and other factors. It has the advantages of stable power generation, quietness, and high energy efficiency.
  • the battery fuel is required to have a wide range of sources and low cost.
  • the width of the fuel passage 3 is 0 to 10 cm, which can be adjusted according to the type of the ion conductor 1, the electron conductor 2, and the battery fuel, and is not intended to limit the technical solution of the present invention.
  • one side of the positive electrode 4 is provided with an oxidant inlet passage and a product discharge passage.
  • the oxidant is typically oxygen in the air and the product is typically water.
  • the external circuit comprises a wire 6 and a load 7.
  • the two poles of the load 7 are connected to the positive electrode 4 and the negative electrode 5 via wires 6.
  • the battery fuel is injected into the fuel passage 3 between the ion conductor 1 and the electron conductor 2, and under the action of the low electron energy region (ion conductor 1) and the high electron energy region (electron conductor 2), a chemical reaction phenomenon occurs, and is ionized and Positive ions and electrons are released, and the released electrons move to the side of the negative electrode 5 through the high electron energy region, and pass through the external circuit to the positive electrode 4; the released positive ions move to the positive electrode 4 side through the low electron energy region. It reaches the positive electrode 4 and reacts with the electrons and oxidant (from the outside, such as oxygen), where the product is discharged, during which the chemical energy of the continuously supplied battery fuel is continuously converted into electrical energy.
  • the ion conductor of the present embodiment is a p-type semiconductor 8
  • the electron conductor is an n-type semiconductor 9
  • the distance between the p-type semiconductor 8 and the n-type semiconductor 9 is 1 to 200 ⁇ m
  • the battery fuel is methanol, ethanol or hydrogen.
  • the injected battery fuel is in the p-type semiconductor 8 (low electron energy region) and the n-type semiconductor 9 (high electron energy region). a chemical reaction between them Positive ions and electrons are released to convert the chemical energy of the battery fuel into electrical energy.
  • Liquid methanol is injected between two p-type semiconductors 8 and n-type semiconductors 9 (pitch 1-200 ⁇ m), and methanol is ionized, and the following chemical reaction occurs:
  • the electrons move toward the negative electrode 5 side through the n-type semiconductor 9 and reach the positive electrode 4 through the external circuit; the hydrogen ions move toward the positive electrode 4 through the p-type semiconductor 8 to reach the positive electrode, and there The electrons react with oxygen (oxidant) to form water.
  • Methanol was dropped on the pn-junction of a GaN LED (gallium nitride light-emitting diode).
  • the voltage and current test data were measured as shown in Table 1 without light, and the current-voltage test curve was plotted as shown in Fig. 3. It is shown that the fuel volts effect can be clearly detected from the above data, and the chemical energy of methanol is converted into electrical energy.
  • Methanol was dropped on the pn-junction of a double-section III-V solar cell.
  • the voltage and current test data were measured as shown in Table 2 without illumination, and the current-voltage test curve was plotted as shown in Fig. 4. From the above data, the fuel volts effect can be clearly detected, and the chemical energy of methanol is converted into electrical energy.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract

本发明涉及电池技术领域，具体涉及一种燃料生伏特电池，包括相邻设置的离子导体、电子导体，所述离子导体与电子导体之间具有用于电池燃料穿过的燃料通道，还包括分别与离子导体、电子导体连接的正电极、负电极，所述正电极设置在离子导体背离燃料通道一侧，所述负电极设置在电子导体背离燃料通道一侧，所述正电极、负电极通过外电路连接，本发明利用电池燃料在离子导体与电子导体作用下发生化学反应，并产生电位差的现象，从而实现将电池燃料中的化学能转化为电能，同时较少受天气、环境等因素的影响，具有发电稳定、静音、能效高等优点，所需电池燃料的来源广泛，成本低。

Description

一种燃料生伏特电池 技术领域
本发明涉及电池技术领域，具体涉及一种燃料生伏特电池。
背景技术
电化学电池(Battery)作为一种能量来源，是利用化学能与电能之间的相互转换，可以得到具有稳定电压，稳定电流，长时间稳定供电，受外界影响很小的电流，并且电池结构简单，携带方便，充放电操作简便易行，性能稳定可靠，在现代社会生活中的各个方面发挥有很大作用。太阳能电池是一种利用太阳光直接发电的光电半导体器件，它只要被光照到，瞬间就可输出电压及在有回路的情况下产生电流。在物理学上称为太阳能光伏(Photovoltaic)，简称光伏。
太阳能电池的工作原理是基于光生伏特效应(简称“光伏效应”，英文名称：Photovoltaic effect)。光伏效应是指光照使不均匀半导体或半导体与金属结合的不同部位之间产生电位差的现象，太阳能电池通过该效应将光能转化为电能。由于光照是光生伏特效应的必需元素，因此，天气因素对太阳能电池的性能影响较大，在阴天或者雨天、夜晚等光线较弱或者没有光线的环境下，太阳能电池将无法发挥其发电及供电作用。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于针对现有技术的不足提供一种燃料生伏特电池，结合电化学电池(Battery)和太阳能光伏电池的工作原理，利用燃料在不均匀半导体或半导体与金属界面产生电位差的现象，从而实现将燃料中的化学能转化为电能，同时较少受到天气、环境等因素的影响，具有发电稳定、静音、能效高等优点，所需燃料的来源广泛，成本低。
本发明通过以下技术方案实现该目的：
一种燃料生伏特电池，包括相邻设置的离子导体、电子导体，所述离子导体与电子导体之间具有用于电池燃料穿过的燃料通道，还包括分别与离子导体、电子导体连接的正电极、负电极，所述正电极设置在离子导体背离燃料通 道一侧，所述负电极设置在电子导体背离燃料通道一侧，所述正电极、负电极通过外电路连接。
其中，所述燃料通道的宽度为0～10cm。
进一步的，所述正电极一侧设置有氧化剂进入通道和生成物排出通道。
其中，所述外电路包括导线和负载，所述负载的两极分别通过导线与正电极、负电极连接。
作为优选的，所述离子导体为p-型半导体，所述电子导体为n-型半导体。
作为进一步优选的，所述p-型半导体与n-型半导体之间的距离为1～200μm。
作为优选的，所述电池燃料为甲醇、氢气、乙醇、其它碳氢化合物或金属燃料。
相对于现有技术，本发明的有益效果为：本发明的燃料生伏特电池，包括相邻设置的离子导体、电子导体，所述离子导体与电子导体之间具有用于电池燃料穿过的燃料通道，还包括分别与离子导体、电子导体连接的正电极、负电极，所述正电极设置在离子导体背离燃料通道一侧，所述负电极设置在电子导体背离燃料通道一侧，所述正电极、负电极通过外电路连接，本发明利用电池燃料在离子导体与电子导体作用下发生化学反应，并产生电位差的现象，从而实现将电池燃料中的化学能转化为电能，同时较少受天气、环境等因素的影响，具有发电稳定、静音、能效高等优点，所需电池燃料的来源广泛，成本低。
附图说明
图1为实施例1的燃料生伏特电池的结构示意图。
图2为实施例2的燃料生伏特电池的结构示意图。
图3为实施例3的电压、电流测试曲线图。
图4为实施例4的电压、电流测试曲线图。
图中：1-离子导体，2-电子导体，3-燃料通道，4-正电极，5-负电极，6-导线，7-负载，8-p-型半导体，9-n-型半导体。
具体实施方式
以下结合附图及具体实施例对本发明进行详细描述。
实施例1。
如图1所示，本实施例的燃料生伏特电池，包括相邻设置的离子导体1、电子导体2，所述离子导体1与电子导体2之间具有用于电池燃料穿过的燃料通道3，还包括分别与离子导体1、电子导体2连接的正电极4、负电极5，所述正电极4设置在离子导体1背离燃料通道3一侧，所述负电极5设置在电子导体2背离燃料通道3一侧，所述正电极4、负电极5通过外电路连接，本发明利用电池燃料在离子导体1与电子导体2作用下发生化学反应，并产生电位差的现象，从而实现将电池燃料中的化学能转化为电能，同时较少受天气、环境等因素的影响，具有发电稳定、静音、能效高等优点，所需电池燃料的来源广泛，成本低。
其中，所述燃料通道3的宽度为0～10cm，可根据离子导体1、电子导体2及电池燃料的种类根据实际进行调整，不作为对本发明的技术方案的限制。
进一步的，所述正电极4一侧设置有氧化剂进入通道和生成物排出通道。所述氧化剂通常为空气中的氧气，生成物通常为水。
其中，所述外电路包括导线6和负载7，所述负载7的两极分别通过导线6与正电极4、负电极5连接。
本实施例的燃料生伏特电池的工作原理如下：
电池燃料被注入离子导体1与电子导体2之间的燃料通道3，在低电子能量区(离子导体1)和高电子能量区(电子导体2)的作用下，发生化学反应现象，被电离并释放出正离子和电子，释放的电子通过高电子能量区向负电极5一侧移动，并通过外电路到达正电极4处；释放的正离子通过低电子能量区向正电极4一侧移动，到达正电极4处并与那里的电子和氧化剂(从外界进入，例如氧气)反应，生成物在此排出，在此过程中，持续供给的电池燃料的化学能不断被转化成电能。
实施例2。
如图2所示，本实施例的离子导体为p-型半导体8，所述电子导体为n-型半导体9，所述p-型半导体8与n-型半导体9之间的距离为1～200μm，所述电池燃料为甲醇、乙醇或氢气，在传统的pn结的基础上，注入的电池燃料在p-型半导体8(低电子能量区)和n-型半导体9(高电子能量区)之间发生化学反应并 释放出正离子和电子，将电池燃料的化学能转化为电能。
本实施例的燃料生伏特电池的工作原理如下：
在两块p-型半导体8和n-型半导体9之间(间距1-200μm)注入液体甲醇，甲醇被电离，发生如下化学反应：
CH3OH+H2O→6H++CO2+6e-
其中，电子通过n-型半导体9向负电极5一侧移动，并通过外电路到达正电极4；氢离子通过p-型半导体8向正电极4一侧移动，到达正极处，并与那里的电子和氧气(氧化剂)反应生成水排出。
本实施例的其它技术特征同实施例1，在此不再进行赘述。
实施例3、氮化镓发光二极管发电试验
在一个GaN LED(氮化镓发光二极管)的pn-结处滴上甲醇，在不照光的情况下，测得电压、电流测试数据如表1所示，绘制电流-电压测试曲线如图3所示，从以上数据可明显检测到燃料生伏特效应，甲醇的化学能被转化成电能。
表1 电压、电流测试数据
开路电压(V) 0.1341
短路电流(mA/cm2) 1.034
最大功率电压(V) 0.078
最大功率电流(mA/cm2) 0.606
最大功率(mW/cm2) 0.0475
实施例4、双节III-V族太阳能电池发电试验
在一个双节III-V族太阳能电池的pn-结处滴上甲醇，在不照光的情况下，测得电压、电流测试数据如表2所示，绘制电流-电压测试曲线如图4所示，从以上数据可明显检测到燃料生伏特效应，甲醇的化学能被转化成电能。
表2 电压、电流测试数据
开路电压(V) 0.0526
短路电流(mA/cm2) 52.348
最大功率电压(V) 0.031
最大功率电流(mA/cm2) 28.649
最大功率(mW/cm2) 0.9010
以上所述实施例仅表达了本发明的部分实施方式，其描述较为具体和详细，但并不能因此而理解为对本发明专利范围的限制。应当指出的是，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变形和改进，这些都属于本发明的保护范围。因此，本发明专利的保护范围应以所附权利要求为准。

Claims (8)

  1. 一种燃料生伏特电池，其特征在于，包括相邻设置的离子导体、电子导体，所述离子导体与电子导体之间具有用于电池燃料穿过的燃料通道，还包括分别与离子导体、电子导体连接的正电极、负电极，所述正电极设置在离子导体背离燃料通道一侧，所述负电极设置在电子导体背离燃料通道一侧，所述正电极、负电极通过外电路连接。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的燃料生伏特电池，其特征在于，所述燃料通道的宽度为0～10cm。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的燃料生伏特电池，其特征在于，所述正电极一侧设置有氧化剂进入通道和生成物排出通道。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的燃料生伏特电池，其特征在于，所述外电路包括导线和负载，所述负载的两极分别通过导线与正电极、负电极连接。
  5. 根据权利要求1-4任意一项所述的燃料生伏特电池，其特征在于，所述离子导体为p-型半导体，所述电子导体为n-型半导体。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的燃料生伏特电池，其特征在于，所述p-型半导体与n-型半导体之间的距离为1～200μm。
  7. 根据权利要求5所述的燃料生伏特电池，其特征在于，所述电池燃料为碳氢化合物、可燃气体或金属燃料。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的燃料生伏特电池，其特征在于，所述碳氢化合物为甲醇或乙醇。
PCT/CN2016/101153 2016-01-27 2016-09-30 一种燃料生伏特电池 WO2017128759A1 (zh)

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CN201610055971.5A CN105514458A (zh) 2016-01-27 2016-01-27 一种燃料生伏特电池

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CN105514458A (zh) * 2016-01-27 2016-04-20 广州道动新能源有限公司 一种燃料生伏特电池
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CN101278428A (zh) * 2005-09-29 2008-10-01 米克罗西利特龙公司 燃料电池单元电池、燃料电池单元电池阵列、燃料电池模件和燃料电池系统
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CN105514458A (zh) * 2016-01-27 2016-04-20 广州道动新能源有限公司 一种燃料生伏特电池

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CN101278428A (zh) * 2005-09-29 2008-10-01 米克罗西利特龙公司 燃料电池单元电池、燃料电池单元电池阵列、燃料电池模件和燃料电池系统
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CN105514458A (zh) * 2016-01-27 2016-04-20 广州道动新能源有限公司 一种燃料生伏特电池

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