WO2017117889A1 - 搪瓷部品及其制备方法 - Google Patents

搪瓷部品及其制备方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017117889A1
WO2017117889A1 PCT/CN2016/080076 CN2016080076W WO2017117889A1 WO 2017117889 A1 WO2017117889 A1 WO 2017117889A1 CN 2016080076 W CN2016080076 W CN 2016080076W WO 2017117889 A1 WO2017117889 A1 WO 2017117889A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
enamel
powder
sintering
cleaning
dusting
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Ceased
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PCT/CN2016/080076
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
毛勇男
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Midea Group Co Ltd
Guangdong Midea Kitchen Appliances Manufacturing Co Ltd
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Midea Group Co Ltd
Guangdong Midea Kitchen Appliances Manufacturing Co Ltd
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Publication of WO2017117889A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017117889A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23D—ENAMELLING OF, OR APPLYING A VITREOUS LAYER TO, METALS
    • C23D11/00—Continuous processes; Apparatus therefor

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of enamel technology, and more particularly to a method for preparing an enamel member and an enamel member produced by the method.
  • the existing enamel products such as the inner liner of a microwave oven, are prone to undesirable phenomena such as enamel explosion, enamel bursting, enamel unevenness, and porcelain removal, thereby reducing the quality of the enamel product.
  • the present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide an enamel member which is produced by the above-described method for preparing an enamel member.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for preparing an enamel member, wherein the part substrate is sequentially obtained by a pretreatment process, a sneezing process, and a sintering process, wherein the pretreatment process includes Step 102: performing a powder-blowing treatment on the dust-spraying device by spraying the gas to the dusting device; and in step 104, cleaning the dusting device by spraying the aqueous solution into the dusting device. Processing, in step 106, the component substrate is hung on the dusting rack, and the component substrate is cleaned by spraying the cleaning liquid to the component substrate; and in step 108, the substrate is blown to the component. In a manner, the part substrate is dried.
  • the preparation method of the enamel part provided by the above embodiment of the present invention, most of the enamel powder remaining on the dusting hopper in the previous production cycle can be blown down by the powder blasting method in the pretreatment process, and then Through the dusting and hanging device cleaning process in the pre-treatment process, all the remaining enamel powder remaining on the dusting rack is washed down, thereby obtaining a clean, non-enamel powder residual powder hanging device, which is guaranteed in the next production cycle.
  • the use of the enamel effect of the dusting suspensor avoids impurities such as enamel powder remaining on the dusting hanger, which adversely affects the adhesion of the enamel powder on the part substrate in the next production cycle, and avoids enamel enamel and enamel.
  • the preparation method of the enamel parts provided by the above embodiments of the present invention is carried out by powder-washing treatment and cleaning treatment of the powder-spraying stalks, and cleaning and drying treatment of the parts of the parts, thereby effectively ensuring the squirting of the powder hangs.
  • the cleanliness of the base and the parts ensure that the enamel powder adheres well to the part of the part during the sneezing process, avoiding enamel blasting, enamel bursting, enamel unevenness, de-porcelain and other undesirable phenomena, and improving the enamel parts.
  • the quality and the preparation method of the enamel parts provided in the above embodiments are simple and convenient to operate.
  • the method for preparing the enamel member provided by the above embodiment of the present invention further has the following additional technical features:
  • a plurality of air guns disposed in the powder knocking cabinet are used to inject gas into the dusting rack, and the intermittent air jet method is adopted, and the injection air pressure is 1.1 Pa to 1.65. Pa.
  • the powder-crushing process is carried out in the powder-killing cabinet, and a plurality of air guns arranged in the powder-spinning cabinet are used to spray the gas to the dust-spraying implement, so that the multi-directional and multi-angle jetting of the powder-spraying implement can be performed as much as possible.
  • Impurities such as enamel powder remaining on the dusting rack are blown down to ensure the powder knocking effect; intermittent jetting is used, for example, every 4s, that is, when the dusting hanger moves to the set position, the powder is suspended.
  • the spraying is carried out to save energy while ensuring the knocking effect; and the blown enamel powder is recovered into the recycling box in the knocking cabinet; preferably, the injection pressure is 1.3 Pa.
  • a plurality of water guns disposed in the washing cabinet are used to spray the aqueous solution to the dusting rack, and a batch water spraying method is adopted.
  • the cleaning process of the dusting and hanging rack is carried out in the washing cabinet, and a plurality of water guns arranged in the washing cabinet are used to spray the aqueous solution of the powder spraying rack to realize multi-directional and multi-angle spraying on the powder spraying rack, thereby Impurities such as enamel powder still remaining on the dusting rack are washed down to ensure the cleaning effect; intermittent spraying is used, for example, every 2s, that is, when the dusting conveyor moves to the set position, the powder is sprayed again.
  • the hanger is sprayed to save energy while ensuring the cleaning effect.
  • the method of spraying water can be used; and the mixture of the enamel powder and water washed down is recovered in the recycling box in the washing cabinet.
  • the cleaning liquid is sprayed to the part base body by using a plurality of cleaning guns disposed on the part cleaning line, and the cleaning gun is selected according to the size of the part base body. Turn on the number.
  • the part substrate cleaning process is performed on the part cleaning line, and a plurality of cleaning guns provided on the cleaning line are used to spray the cleaning liquid to the part base body, thereby performing multi-directional and multi-angle spraying on the part base body to ensure the cleaning effect; and according to the part substrate Size, select the number of cleaning guns, cleaning time and other parameters, for example, when the parts of the parts are small, only the cleaning guns located on the left and right sides of the cleaning line can be opened. When the parts are large, they can be simultaneously opened under the cleaning line.
  • the cleaning gun in the right and left direction can save energy while ensuring the cleaning effect; and the special cleaning agent for cleaning dirt or impurities can also be selected according to the actual condition of the part substrate.
  • the plurality of air cylinders disposed on the component drying line are used to blow the component base, and the drying temperature of the component drying line is 120 ° C to 240 ° C.
  • the drying process of the part base is carried out on the drying line. After the cleaning process, a large amount of special cleaning agent remains on the part base. When the part base passes through the drying line, it will receive a uniform high temperature, so that the special cleaning agent on the surface of the part is thoroughly baked. Dry, so as to effectively avoid the undesirable phenomenon of uneven sneezing, enamel blasting, fish scale peening, etc. of the parts of the parts when the parts are not dried or not completely dried. It should be noted that the drying time of the component substrate may be determined according to the size of the component substrate and the structural condition, and the temperature range on the drying line is preferably between 120 ° C and 240 ° C.
  • the sneezing process comprises: step 202, using oblique spray Spraying a spray gun, a direct-injection spray gun or a spray-blowing spray gun to spray the enamel powder on the appearance surface of the part base; in step 204, spraying the inner wall surface of the part base body by using a oblique spray type spray gun, a direct injection type spray gun or a spray-type spray gun Enamel powder; Step 206, spraying a enamel powder to a joint between adjacent wall surfaces of the part substrate by using a oblique spray type spray gun, a direct injection type spray gun or a spray blow type spray gun.
  • the sneezing method of spraying the joint surface between the appearance surface, the inner wall surface and the adjacent wall surface of the part base body can effectively ensure the sneezing effect, avoiding enamel explosion, enamel bursting, enamel thickness unevenness, off Poor phenomena such as porcelain have improved the quality of enamel parts.
  • the sneezing process according to the size of the component base can be prepared according to the size and structure of the component base, and each spray gun can adjust the basic parameters, such as the spray voltage, the amount of enamel paint, and the between the spray gun and the component base. Distance, etc., to adjust the thickness of the enamel coating adhered to the surface of the part substrate; and according to the size and structure of the actual part substrate, the connection surface between the outer surface of the part body, the inner wall surface and the adjacent wall surface can be adjusted. The order of sneezing.
  • the dusting hopper is driven by a conveyor chain, and the moving speed of the conveyor chain is 2.5 m/min to 4.5 m/ Min.
  • the conveyor chain drives the base body to move at a constant speed to ensure the smoothness of the movement of the parts, thereby ensuring the control precision of the pre-treatment process and the sneezing process, and facilitating mass production.
  • the sintering process includes: step 302, hanging the part substrate on a sintering rack, placing the sintering rack into a sintering furnace, and controlling the temperature in the sintering furnace to The low temperature zone and the high temperature zone, the temperature of the low temperature zone is 200 ° C ⁇ 400 ° C, the temperature of the high temperature zone is 750 ° C ⁇ 900 ° C; in step 304, the part of the substrate is naturally cooled to obtain the enamel part.
  • the internal temperature of the sintering furnace is divided into two types under the action of the heating element.
  • One area is a low temperature area with a temperature range of 200 ° C to 400 ° C.
  • the function is to preheat the part base, and if there is no preheating, the parts are
  • the substrate is prone to more severe deformation, and the other region is a high temperature region with a temperature range of 750 ° C to 900 ° C.
  • the function is to dissolve the enamel powder under high temperature and adhere to the surface of the part; the surface of the part after the high temperature sintering process
  • the temperature is higher, so when the parts pass through the cooling box, the natural wind under the sintering racks is used to naturally cool the parts of the parts, so that the temperature of the parts of the parts is lowered to prevent the operator from being burnt.
  • the pre-treatment step and the sneezing step are connected by one transfer chain, and the single-transfer chain is used in the sintering process. Therefore, when the sneezing process to the sintering process, it is necessary to manually carry the parts to the transfer chain of the sintering process. , that is, transported to the sintering rack.
  • a plurality of the component substrates are hung on one of the sintering susceptors, and the plurality of component substrates are arranged in parallel in the up and down direction.
  • a sintered rack adopts a structure of two layers above and below, that is, a sintered rack is suspended in parallel in the up and down direction.
  • a sintered rack is suspended in parallel in the up and down direction.
  • the speed of the transfer chain is generally 3.5 m/min, which may of course be determined according to the size of the actual part.
  • An embodiment of another aspect of the present invention provides an enamel member which is produced by the method for producing an enamel member according to any of the above embodiments.
  • the enamel layer is formed on the part substrate by the preparation method of the enamel part according to any of the above embodiments, and the powder spraying device is subjected to powder-washing treatment and cleaning treatment in the pre-treatment process.
  • the cleaning and drying treatment of the parts of the parts effectively ensuring the cleanliness of the dusting and hanging parts and the parts of the parts, so as to ensure that the enamel powder adheres well to the parts of the parts during the sneezing process, avoiding enamel explosion Porcelain, enamel bursting, enamel unevenness, porcelain removal and other undesirable phenomena have improved the quality of enamel parts.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a pretreatment process in a method for preparing an enamel member according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2A to 2D are schematic views showing the structure of a pretreatment process according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein FIG. 2A shows a dusting process of the dusting hanger, FIG. 2B shows a cleaning process of the dusting hanger, and FIG. 2C shows a cleaning process of the component substrate.
  • Figure 2D shows the part substrate drying process;
  • FIG. 3 is a partial structural schematic view showing a sneezing process according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing a production process of a pre-treatment process and a sneezing process according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 5A to 5C are schematic views showing the structure of a sintering process according to an embodiment of the present invention. wherein, FIG. 5A and FIG. 5B show a high temperature sintering process, and FIG. 5C shows a temperature lowering process;
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing a production flow of a sintering process and a testing process according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • 10 powder sprayer 20 parts base, 30 conveyor chain, 40 knocking powder cabinet, 401 air gun, 402 recycling box, 41 washing cabinet, 411 water gun, 412 recycling box, 42 parts cleaning line, 421 cleaning gun, 43 parts drying line , 431 air duct, 50 oblique spray gun, 51 robot arm, 60 sintering rack, 61 conveyor chain, 62 sintering furnace, 63 heating element, 64 cooling box, 65 air cylinder.
  • a method for preparing an enamel component is obtained by sequentially obtaining a enamel component through a pretreatment step S10, a sneezing step S20, and a sintering step S30.
  • the pretreatment step S10 includes :
  • the spraying of the dusting device is performed by spraying the aqueous solution into the powder spraying device;
  • the component base is hung on the dusting hanger, and the cleaning liquid is sprayed onto the component base to clean the component base;
  • the part substrate is dried by using a blowing method to the part base.
  • the preparation method of the enamel part provided by the above embodiment of the present invention, most of the enamel powder remaining on the dusting hopper in the previous production cycle can be blown down by the powder blasting method in the pretreatment process. Then, through the dusting and hanging tool cleaning process in the pre-treatment process, all the remaining enamel powder remaining on the dusting hanging device is washed down, thereby obtaining a clean, non-enamel powder residual powder hanging device, guaranteed in the next
  • the enamel effect when using the dusting rack in the production cycle avoiding impurities such as enamel powder remaining on the dusting rack, adversely affecting the adhesion of the enamel powder on the part substrate in the next production cycle, avoiding enamel explosion Porcelain, enamel bursting, enamel unevenness, de-porcelain and other undesirable phenomena, improve the quality of the enamel parts; through the part of the pre-treatment process of the substrate cleaning process, the surface of the parts of the substrate is cleaned, so that the surface of the part of the substrate without any dirt Or impurities, and then through the part substrate drying process in
  • the preparation method of the enamel parts provided by the above embodiments of the present invention is carried out by powder-washing treatment and cleaning treatment of the powder-spraying stalks, and cleaning and drying treatment of the parts of the parts, thereby effectively ensuring the squirting of the powder hangs.
  • the cleanliness of the base and the parts ensure that the enamel powder adheres well to the part of the part during the sneezing process, avoiding enamel blasting, enamel bursting, enamel unevenness, de-porcelain and other undesirable phenomena, and improving the enamel parts.
  • the quality and the preparation method of the enamel parts provided in the above embodiments are simple and convenient to operate.
  • the pre-processing step S10 according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 2A to 2D:
  • a plurality of air guns 401 provided in the knocking cabinet 40 are used to inject gas into the powder spraying device 10, and a intermittent air jet method is employed, and the injection air pressure is 1.1. Pa ⁇ 1.65 Pa, the blown enamel powder is recovered into the recovery tank 402 in the knocking cabinet 40.
  • a plurality of water guns 411 provided in the washing cabinet 41 are used to spray the aqueous solution to the dusting hopper 10, and the enamel is washed down by intermittent water spraying.
  • the mixture of powder and water is recovered in a recovery tank 412 in the washing cabinet 41.
  • the cleaning liquid is sprayed onto the component base 20 by the plurality of cleaning guns 421 provided on the component cleaning line 42, and the opening of the cleaning gun 421 is selected in accordance with the size of the component substrate 20. number.
  • the plurality of air cylinders 431 provided on the component drying line 43 are blown to the component base 20, and the drying temperature on the component drying line 43 is 120 to 240 °C.
  • the sneezing process S20 includes:
  • FIG. 3 a schematic structural view of the inner wall surface of the component base 20 sprayed by the oblique spray type spray gun 50 is shown in the figure.
  • the oblique spray type spray gun 50 is mounted on the mechanical arm 51, and the mechanical arm 51 drives the oblique spray type spray gun 50.
  • the component base 20 is moved in the direction of the up and down arrows in the drawing.
  • the sneezing method of spraying the joint surface between the appearance surface, the inner wall surface and the adjacent wall surface of the part base body is adopted, which can effectively ensure the sneezing effect, avoid enamel explosion, enamel burst, enamel. Unevenness of thickness, de-porcelain and other undesirable phenomena, thus improving the quality of the enamel parts; it should be noted that according to the size and structure of the parts, the sneezing process according to the parts of the parts can be prepared, and each gun can be adjusted.
  • Parameters such as the spray voltage, the amount of enamel paint, the distance between the spray gun and the part base, etc., to adjust the thickness of the enamel paint attached to the surface of the part base; and adjust the parts according to the size and structure of the actual part base
  • the order of sneezing is performed at the joint between the design surface of the base body, the inner wall surface, and the adjacent wall surface.
  • the dusting spreader 10 is driven by the transport chain 30 to move, thereby realizing the dusting spreader 10 to drive the component base 20 Moving, the moving speed of the transport chain 30 is from 2.5 m/min to 4.5 m/min, and the arrows in the figure indicate the transport direction of the transport chain 30.
  • the conveyor chain drives the base body to move at a constant speed to ensure the smoothness of the movement of the parts, thereby ensuring the control precision of the pre-treatment process and the sneezing process, and facilitating mass production.
  • the sintering process S30 includes:
  • the part substrate 20 is hung on the sintering rack 60, and the sintering rack 60 is placed in the sintering furnace 62 through the conveying chain 61, and is set in the sintering furnace.
  • the heating element 63 in 62 heats the part substrate 20 sprayed with the enamel powder, the temperature in the sintering furnace 62 is controlled to a low temperature zone and a high temperature zone, and the temperature in the low temperature zone is 200 ° C to 400 ° C, and the temperature in the high temperature zone Degree is 750 ° C ⁇ 900 ° C;
  • the component base 20 coated with the enamel powder is naturally cooled by the air cylinder 65 provided in the cooling box 64 to obtain an enamel part.
  • the internal temperature of the sintering furnace is divided into two types under the action of the heating element, and one region is a low temperature region having a temperature ranging from 200 ° C to 400 ° C, and the function is to preheat the part substrate. Without preheating, the matrix of the part is prone to severe deformation, and the other zone is a high temperature zone with a temperature range of 750 ° C to 900 ° C.
  • the function is to dissolve the enamel powder under the action of high temperature and adhere to the surface of the part; After the high-temperature sintering process, the surface temperature is high. Therefore, when the parts pass through the cooling box, the natural wind under the sintering racks is used to naturally cool the part body, thereby lowering the temperature of the parts and preventing the operator from being burnt.
  • a plurality of part substrates 20 are hung on one sintering rack 60, and a plurality of parts bases 20 are arranged in parallel in the vertical direction.
  • a sintered rack adopts a structure of two layers above and below, that is, a sintered rack is suspended in parallel in the up and down direction.
  • a sintered rack is suspended in parallel in the up and down direction.
  • the speed of the transfer chain is generally 3.5 m/min, which may of course be determined according to the size of the actual part.
  • the pre-treatment step S10 and the sneezing step S20 are connected by one transport chain 30.
  • the sintering step S30 uses a separate transport chain 30, so from the sneezing process to In the sintering step, it is necessary to manually transport the parts to the transfer chain 30 of the sintering process, that is, to the sintering rack 60.
  • the inspection process S40 is performed to check whether the enamel parts have defects such as blasting, bursting, discoloration, etc.
  • the specific inspection method is based on the enamel national standard, and the inspection environment needs to meet normal inspection conditions. And the inspection console can adjust the quantity, size and other parameters according to the actual situation.
  • An embodiment of another aspect of the present invention provides an enamel member (not shown) which is produced by the method for producing an enamel member according to any of the above embodiments.
  • the enamel member provided by the above embodiment of the present invention adopts the preparation method of the enamel member according to any of the above embodiments to form an enamel layer on the part substrate, because the dusting hanger is knocked during the pretreatment process. Powder treatment and cleaning treatment, and cleaning and drying of the parts of the substrate, effectively ensuring the cleanliness of the powder burrs and the parts of the parts, thus ensuring that the enamel powder adheres well to the parts of the parts during sneezing. To avoid the appearance of enamel blasting, enamel bursting, enamel unevenness, porcelain removal, etc., and improve the quality of enamel parts.
  • the enamel component is a liner of a microwave oven or a liner of an electric oven.
  • the enamel part may also be a liner of other cooking products, as long as it does not depart from the inventive concept of the present invention.
  • the preparation method of the enamel parts provided by the embodiments of the present invention, through the powder-washing treatment and the cleaning treatment of the powder-spraying hanger, and the cleaning and drying treatment of the parts of the parts, effectively ensuring the dust-spraying hanger And the cleanliness of the parts of the parts, so as to ensure that the enamel powder adheres well to the parts of the parts during the sneezing process, avoiding enamel blasting, enamel bursting, enamel unevenness, de-porcelain and other undesirable phenomena, and improving the enamel parts.
  • connection may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection, or an electrical connection; Directly connected, or indirectly through intermediate media.
  • connecting may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection, or an electrical connection; Directly connected, or indirectly through intermediate media.
  • the description of the terms “one embodiment”, “some embodiments”, “specific embodiments” and the like means that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with the embodiments or examples are included in the present invention. At least one embodiment or example.
  • the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example.
  • the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

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Abstract

一种搪瓷部品的制备方法，包括前处理工序、喷搪工序和烧结工序，前处理工序包括：采用向喷粉挂具（10）喷射气体方式，对喷粉挂具（10）进行敲粉处理；采用向喷粉挂具（10）喷射水溶液方式，对喷粉挂具（10）进行清洗处理；将部品基体（20）挂在喷粉挂具（10）上，采用向部品基体（20）喷射清洗液方式，对部品基体（20）进行清洗处理；采用向部品基体（20）吹风方式，对部品基体（20）进行干燥处理。还提供一种搪瓷部品。

Description

搪瓷部品及其制备方法
本申请要求于2016年01月05日提交中国专利局、申请号为201610013184.4、发明名称为“搪瓷部品及其制备方法”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本发明涉及搪瓷技术领域，更具体而言，涉及一种搪瓷部品的制备方法和采用该制备方法制成的搪瓷部品。
背景技术
目前，现有的搪瓷产品如微波炉的内胆，容易出现搪瓷爆瓷、搪瓷爆裂、搪瓷不均、脱瓷等不良现象，从而降低了搪瓷产品的品质。
发明内容
本发明旨在至少解决现有技术中存在的技术问题之一。
为此，本发明一个方面的目的在于，提供一种有效避免搪瓷爆瓷、搪瓷爆裂、搪瓷不均、脱瓷等问题的搪瓷部品的制备方法。
本发明另一个方面的目的在于，提供一种采用上述搪瓷部品的制备方法制成的搪瓷部品。
为实现上述目的，本发明一个方面的实施例提供了一种搪瓷部品的制备方法，部品基体依次经前处理工序、喷搪工序、烧结工序获得所述搪瓷部品，其中，所述前处理工序包括：步骤102，采用向喷粉挂具喷射气体方式，对所述喷粉挂具进行敲粉处理；步骤104，采用向所述喷粉挂具喷射水溶液方式，对所述喷粉挂具进行清洗处理；步骤106，将所述部品基体挂在所述喷粉挂具上，采用向所述部品基体喷射清洗液方式，对所述部品基体进行清洗处理；步骤108，采用向所述部品基体吹风方式，对所述部品基体进行干燥处理。
本发明上述实施例提供的搪瓷部品的制备方法，通过前处理工序中的喷粉挂具敲粉处理，能够将上一生产周期中残留在喷粉挂具上的大部分搪瓷粉吹下来，然后通过前处理工序中的喷粉挂具清洗工序，将喷粉挂具上仍残留的少部分搪瓷粉全部冲下来，从而得到干净、无搪瓷粉残留的喷粉挂具，保证在下一生产周期中使用该喷粉挂具时的搪瓷效果，避免残留在喷粉挂具上的搪瓷粉等杂质对下一生产周期中搪瓷粉在部品基体上的附着力造成不良影响，避免出现搪瓷爆瓷、搪瓷爆裂、搪瓷不均、脱瓷等不良现象，提升了搪瓷部品的品质；通过前处理工序中的部品基体清洗工序，将部品基体表面的污垢清洗下来，使得部品基体的表面无任何污垢或杂质，然后通过前处理工序中的部品基体干燥工序，将部品基体上的清洗液彻底烘干，从而得到无任何污垢、杂质或清洗液残留的部品基体，便于在喷搪过程中搪瓷粉很好地附着在部品基体上，避免出现搪瓷爆瓷、搪瓷爆裂、搪瓷不均、脱瓷等不良现象，提升了搪瓷部品的品质。
综上所述，本发明上述实施例提供的搪瓷部品的制备方法，通过对喷粉挂具进行敲粉处理和清洗处理，并对部品基体进行清洗处理和烘干处理，有效保证了喷粉挂具和部品基体的清洁性，从而保证在喷搪过程中搪瓷粉能够很好地附着在部品基体上，避免出现搪瓷爆瓷、搪瓷爆裂、搪瓷不均、脱瓷等不良现象，提升了搪瓷部品的品质，并且上述实施例提供的搪瓷部品的制备方法，操作简单，方便易行。
另外，本发明上述实施例提供的搪瓷部品的制备方法还具有如下附加技术特征：
根据本发明的一个实施例，在所述步骤102中，采用设置在敲粉柜内的多个气枪向所述喷粉挂具喷射气体，并采用间歇式喷气方式，喷射气压为1.1Pa～1.65Pa。
敲粉处理工序在敲粉柜内进行，采用设在敲粉柜内的多个气枪对喷粉挂具喷射气体，实现对喷粉挂具进行多方向、多角度喷射，从而尽可能多的将残留在喷粉挂具上的搪瓷粉等杂质吹下来，保证敲粉效果；采用间歇式喷气方式，例如每4s喷射一次，即在喷粉挂具移动至设定位置时，再对喷粉挂具进行喷射，从而在保证敲粉效果的同时，节省了能源；并且被吹下来的搪瓷粉回收到敲粉柜内的回收箱内；优选地，喷射气压为1.3Pa。
根据本发明的一个实施例，在所述步骤104中，采用设置在清洗柜内的多个水枪向所述喷粉挂具喷射水溶液，并采用间歇式喷水方式。
喷粉挂具清洗工序在清洗柜内进行，采用设在清洗柜内的多个水枪对喷粉挂具喷射水溶液，实现对喷粉挂具进行多方向、多角度喷射，从而将敲粉工序后仍残留在喷粉挂具上的搪瓷粉等杂质冲下来，保证清洗效果；采用间歇式喷水方式，例如每2s喷射一次，即在喷粉挂具移动至设定位置时，再对喷粉挂具进行喷射，从而在保证清洗效果的同时，节省了能源，当然也可采用一直喷水的方式；并且被冲下来的搪瓷粉与水的混合物回收在清洗柜内的回收箱内。
根据本发明的一个实施例，在所述步骤106中，采用设置在部品清洗线上的多个清洗枪向所述部品基体喷射清洗液，并根据所述部品基体的大小选择所述清洗枪的开启个数。
部品基体清洗工序在部品清洗线上进行，采用设在清洗线上的多个清洗枪对部品基体喷射清洗液，实现对部品基体进行多方向、多角度喷射，保证清洗效果；并根据部品基体的大小，选择清洗枪的开启个数、清洗时间等参数，例如当部品基体较小时，可仅开启位于清洗线左右两侧的清洗枪，当部品基体较大时，可同时开启位于清洗线上下、左右多个方向上的清洗枪，从而在保证清洗效果的同时，节省了能源；且清洗污垢或杂质的特殊清洗药剂也可根据部品基体的实际情况选用。
根据本发明的一个实施例，在所述步骤108中，采用设置在部品干燥线上的多个风筒向所述部品基体吹风，所述部品干燥线上的干燥温度为120℃～240℃。
部品基体的干燥工序在干燥线上进行，经清洗工序之后部品基体上会残留大量的特殊清洗药剂，当部品基体经过干燥线时会受到均匀的高温，使得部品基体表面的特殊清洗药剂被彻底烘干，从而有效避免在部品基体不进行烘干或没有彻底烘干的情况下，部品基体在成型时出现的喷搪不均匀、搪瓷爆瓷、鱼鳞状起皮等不良现象。需要说明的是，部品基体的烘干时间可根据部品基体大小、结构状况而定，干燥线上的温度范围优选地在120℃～240℃之间。
根据本发明的一个实施例，所述喷搪工序包括：步骤202，采用斜喷式 喷枪、直喷式喷枪或散喷式喷枪向所述部品基体的外观面喷涂搪瓷粉；步骤204，采用斜喷式喷枪、直喷式喷枪或散喷式喷枪向所述部品基体的内部壁面喷涂搪瓷粉；步骤206，采用斜喷式喷枪、直喷式喷枪或散喷式喷枪向所述部品基体的相邻壁面之间的连接缝处喷涂搪瓷粉。
采用对部品基体的外观面、内部壁面和相邻壁面之间的连接缝处进行逐一喷涂的喷搪方式，可有效保证喷搪效果，避免出现搪瓷爆瓷、搪瓷爆裂、搪瓷厚度不均、脱瓷等不良现象，从而提升了搪瓷部品的品质。
需要说明的是，可根据部品基体的大小、结构不同，编制符合部品基体的喷搪工序，同时每把喷枪均可以调整基本参数，如喷射电压、搪瓷涂料的量、喷枪与部品基体之间的距离等，来调整部品基体表面上所附着的搪瓷涂料的厚度；并可根据实际部品基体的大小和结构，来调整对部品基体的外观面、内部壁面和相邻壁面之间的连接缝处进行喷搪的顺序。
根据本发明的一个实施例，在所述前处理工序和所述喷搪工序中，由传送链条驱动所述喷粉挂具移动，所述传送链条的移动速度为2.5m/min～4.5m/min。
采用传送链条驱动部品基体匀速移动，保证部品基体移动的平稳性，从而保证前处理工序和喷搪工序的控制精度，并便于批量化生产。
根据本发明的一个实施例，所述烧结工序包括：步骤302，将所述部品基体挂在烧结挂具上，将所述烧结挂具放入烧结炉内，所述烧结炉内的温度控制为低温区和高温区，所述低温区的温度为200℃～400℃，所述高温区的温度为750℃～900℃；步骤304，对所述部品基体进行自然冷却，获得所述搪瓷部品。
烧结炉的内部温度在发热体的作用下温度区域分为两种，一种区域是温度范围在200℃～400℃的低温区，其作用是让部品基体进行预热，若无预热则部品基体易产生较严重的变形，另一种区域为温度范围在750℃～900℃的高温区，其作用是让搪瓷粉在高温作用下溶解并附着在部品表面；部品基体从高温烧结工序之后表面温度较高，因此当部品经过降温箱时，通过烧结挂具下方的自然风对部品基体进行自然冷却，使部品基体温度下降，防止操作人员被烫伤。
需要说明的是，前处理工序与喷搪工序是由一个传送链条连接，而烧结工序采用单独的传送链条，因此从喷搪工序到烧结工序时，需要人力把部品搬运到烧结工序的传送链条上，即搬运到烧结挂具上。
根据本发明的一个实施例，在所述烧结工序中，一个所述烧结挂具上挂有多个所述部品基体，多个所述部品基体沿上下方向平行布置。
在一个烧结挂具上一次性挂多个部品基体，能够有效提升产能，提高生产效果，通常情况下一个烧结挂具采用上下两层的结构，即一个烧结挂具上沿上下方向平行挂两个部品基体，有必要时也可按需求一次性挂两个以上部品基体，优选地，传送链条的速度一般为3.5m/min，当然也可根据实际部品的大小而定。
本发明的另一个方面的实施例提供了一种搪瓷部品，所述搪瓷部品采用上述任一实施例所述的搪瓷部品的制备方法制成。
本发明上述实施例提供的搪瓷部品，采用上述任一实施例所述的搪瓷部品的制备方法在部品基体上制作搪瓷层，由于在前处理过程中对喷粉挂具进行敲粉处理和清洗处理，并对部品基体进行清洗处理和烘干处理，有效保证了喷粉挂具和部品基体的清洁性，从而保证在喷搪过程中搪瓷粉能够很好地附着在部品基体上，避免出现搪瓷爆瓷、搪瓷爆裂、搪瓷不均、脱瓷等不良现象，提升了搪瓷部品的品质。
本发明的附加方面和优点将在下面的描述部分中变得明显，或通过本发明的实践了解到。
附图说明
本发明的上述和/或附加的方面和优点从结合下面附图对实施例的描述中将变得明显和容易理解，其中：
图1是本发明一个实施例所述搪瓷部品的制备方法中前处理工序的流程示意图；
图2A～图2D是本发明一个实施例所述前处理工序的结构示意图，其中，图2A表示喷粉挂具敲粉工序，图2B表示喷粉挂具清洗工序，图2C表示部品基体清洗工序，图2D表示部品基体干燥工序；
图3是本发明一个实施例所述喷搪工序的局部结构示意图；
图4是本发明一个实施例所述前处理工序和喷搪工序的生产流程示意图；
图5A～图5C是本发明一个实施例所述烧结工序的结构示意图；其中，图5A和图5B表示高温烧结工序，图5C表示降温工序；
图6是本发明一个实施例所述烧结工序和检测工序的生产流程示意图；
其中，图2A至图6中附图标记与部件名称之间的对应关系为：
10喷粉挂具，20部品基体，30传送链条，40敲粉柜，401气枪，402回收箱，41清洗柜，411水枪，412回收箱，42部品清洗线，421清洗枪，43部品干燥线，431风筒，50斜喷式喷枪，51机械臂，60烧结挂具，61传送链条，62烧结炉，63发热体，64降温箱，65风筒。
具体实施方式
为了能够更清楚地理解本发明的上述目的、特征和优点，下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明进行进一步的详细描述。需要说明的是，在不冲突的情况下，本申请的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。
在下面的描述中阐述了很多具体细节以便于充分理解本发明，但是，本发明还可以采用其他不同于在此描述的方式来实施，因此，本发明的保护范围并不受下面公开的具体实施例的限制。
下面参照附图描述根据本发明一些实施例的搪瓷部品及其制备方法。
如图1所示，根据本发明一些实施例提供的一种搪瓷部品的制备方法，部品基体依次经前处理工序S10、喷搪工序S20、烧结工序S30获得搪瓷部品，其中，前处理工序S10包括：
S102，采用向喷粉挂具喷射气体方式，对喷粉挂具进行敲粉处理；
S104，采用向喷粉挂具喷射水溶液方式，对喷粉挂具进行清洗处理；
S106，将部品基体挂在喷粉挂具上，采用向部品基体喷射清洗液方式，对部品基体进行清洗处理；
S108，采用向部品基体吹风方式，对部品基体进行干燥处理。
本发明上述实施例提供的搪瓷部品的制备方法，通过前处理工序中的喷粉挂具敲粉处理，能够将上一生产周期中残留在喷粉挂具上的大部分搪瓷粉吹下 来，然后通过前处理工序中的喷粉挂具清洗工序，将喷粉挂具上仍残留的少部分搪瓷粉全部冲下来，从而得到干净、无搪瓷粉残留的喷粉挂具，保证在下一生产周期中使用该喷粉挂具时的搪瓷效果，避免残留在喷粉挂具上的搪瓷粉等杂质对下一生产周期中搪瓷粉在部品基体上的附着力造成不良影响，避免出现搪瓷爆瓷、搪瓷爆裂、搪瓷不均、脱瓷等不良现象，提升了搪瓷部品的品质；通过前处理工序中的部品基体清洗工序，将部品基体表面的污垢清洗下来，使得部品基体的表面无任何污垢或杂质，然后通过前处理工序中的部品基体干燥工序，将部品基体上的清洗液彻底烘干，从而得到无任何污垢、杂质或清洗液残留的部品基体，便于在喷搪过程中搪瓷粉很好地附着在部品基体上，避免出现搪瓷爆瓷、搪瓷爆裂、搪瓷不均、脱瓷等不良现象，提升了搪瓷部品的品质。
综上所述，本发明上述实施例提供的搪瓷部品的制备方法，通过对喷粉挂具进行敲粉处理和清洗处理，并对部品基体进行清洗处理和烘干处理，有效保证了喷粉挂具和部品基体的清洁性，从而保证在喷搪过程中搪瓷粉能够很好地附着在部品基体上，避免出现搪瓷爆瓷、搪瓷爆裂、搪瓷不均、脱瓷等不良现象，提升了搪瓷部品的品质，并且上述实施例提供的搪瓷部品的制备方法，操作简单，方便易行。
下面结合附图2A～图2D描述本发明一个实施例所述前处理工序S10：
如图2A所示，在喷粉挂具敲粉工序S102中，采用设置在敲粉柜40内的多个气枪401向喷粉挂具10喷射气体，并采用间歇式喷气方式，喷射气压为1.1Pa～1.65Pa，被吹下来的搪瓷粉回收到敲粉柜40内的回收箱402内。
如图2B所示，在喷粉挂具清洗工序S104中，采用设置在清洗柜41内的多个水枪411向喷粉挂具10喷射水溶液，并采用间歇式喷水方式，被冲下来的搪瓷粉与水的混合物回收在清洗柜41内的回收箱412内。
如图2C所示，在部品基体清洗工序S106中，采用设置在部品清洗线42上的多个清洗枪421向部品基体20喷射清洗液，并根据部品基体20的大小选择清洗枪421的开启个数。
如图2D所示，在部品基体干燥工序S108中，采用设置在部品干燥线43上的多个风筒431向部品基体20吹风，部品干燥线43上的干燥温度为120℃～240℃。
在本发明的一个实施例中，所述喷搪工序S20包括：
S202，采用斜喷式喷枪、直喷式喷枪或散喷式喷枪向部品基体的外观面喷涂搪瓷粉；
S204，采用斜喷式喷枪、直喷式喷枪或散喷式喷枪向部品基体的内部壁面喷涂搪瓷粉；
S206，采用斜喷式喷枪、直喷式喷枪或散喷式喷枪向部品基体的相邻壁面之间的连接缝处喷涂搪瓷粉。
如图3所示，图示中给出了采用斜喷式喷枪50喷涂部品基体20的内部壁面的结构示意图，斜喷式喷枪50安装在机械臂51上，机械臂51带动斜喷式喷枪50相对于部品基体20沿图示中上下箭头方向移动。
上述实施例中，采用对部品基体的外观面、内部壁面和相邻壁面之间的连接缝处进行逐一喷涂的喷搪方式，可有效保证喷搪效果，避免出现搪瓷爆瓷、搪瓷爆裂、搪瓷厚度不均、脱瓷等不良现象，从而提升了搪瓷部品的品质；需要说明的是，可根据部品基体的大小、结构不同，编制符合部品基体的喷搪工序，同时每把喷枪均可以调整基本参数，如喷射电压、搪瓷涂料的量、喷枪与部品基体之间的距离等，来调整部品基体表面上所附着的搪瓷涂料的厚度；并可根据实际部品基体的大小和结构，来调整对部品基体的外观面、内部壁面和相邻壁面之间的连接缝处进行喷搪的顺序。
在本发明的一个实施例中，如图4所示，在前处理工序S10和喷搪工序S20中，由传送链条30驱动喷粉挂具10移动，进而实现喷粉挂具10带动部品基体20移动，传送链条30的移动速度为2.5m/min～4.5m/min，图示中箭头表示传送链条30的传送方向。
采用传送链条驱动部品基体匀速移动，保证部品基体移动的平稳性，从而保证前处理工序和喷搪工序的控制精度，并便于批量化生产。
本发明的一个实施例中，如图5A～5C所示，所述烧结工序S30包括：
如图5A和图5B所示，在高温烧结工序S302中，将部品基体20挂在烧结挂具60上，并通过传送链条61将烧结挂具60放入烧结炉62内，采用设在烧结炉62中的发热体63对喷涂有搪瓷粉的部品基体20进行加热，烧结炉62内的温度控制为低温区和高温区，低温区的温度为200℃～400℃，高温区的温 度为750℃～900℃；
如图5C所示，在降温工序S304中，采用设置在降温箱64内的风筒65对喷涂有搪瓷粉的部品基体20进行自然冷却，获得搪瓷部品。
上述实施例中，烧结炉的内部温度在发热体的作用下温度区域分为两种，一种区域是温度范围在200℃～400℃的低温区，其作用是让部品基体进行预热，若无预热则部品基体易产生较严重的变形，另一种区域为温度范围在750℃～900℃的高温区，其作用是让搪瓷粉在高温作用下溶解并附着在部品表面；部品基体从高温烧结工序之后表面温度较高，因此当部品经过降温箱时，通过烧结挂具下方的自然风对部品基体进行自然冷却，使部品基体温度下降，防止操作人员被烫伤。
本发明的一个实施例中，如图5A～5C所示，在烧结工序中，一个烧结挂具60上挂有多个部品基体20，多个部品基体20沿上下方向平行布置。
在一个烧结挂具上一次性挂多个部品基体，能够有效提升产能，提高生产效果，通常情况下一个烧结挂具采用上下两层的结构，即一个烧结挂具上沿上下方向平行挂两个部品基体，有必要时也可按需求一次性挂两个以上个部品基体，优选地，传送链条的速度一般为3.5m/min，当然也可根据实际部品的大小而定。
需要说明的是，如图4所示，前处理工序S10与喷搪工序S20是由一个传送链条30连接，如图6所示，烧结工序S30采用单独的传送链条30，因此从喷搪工序到烧结工序时，需要人力把部品搬运到烧结工序的传送链条30上，即搬运到烧结挂具60上。
如图6所示，烧结工序S30完成后进行检验工序S40，检验搪瓷部品是否有爆瓷、爆裂、变色等不良情况，具体检验方式以搪瓷国标为准进行，检验环境需要满足正常的检验条件，且检验操作台根据实际情况可调整数量、大小等参数。
本发明的另一个方面的实施例提供了一种搪瓷部品(图中未示出)，所述搪瓷部品采用上述任一实施例所述的搪瓷部品的制备方法制成。
本发明上述实施例提供的搪瓷部品，采用上述任一实施例所述的搪瓷部品的制备方法在部品基体上制作搪瓷层，由于在前处理过程中对喷粉挂具进行敲 粉处理和清洗处理，并对部品基体进行清洗处理和烘干处理，有效保证了喷粉挂具和部品基体的清洁性，从而保证在喷搪过程中搪瓷粉能够很好地附着在部品基体上，避免出现搪瓷爆瓷、搪瓷爆裂、搪瓷不均、脱瓷等不良现象，提升了搪瓷部品的品质。
本发明的一些实施例中，所述搪瓷部品为微波炉的内胆或电烤箱的内胆。当然，所述搪瓷部品也可以是其它烹饪产品的内胆，只要不脱离本发明的发明构思，均在本发明的保护范围内。
综上所述，本发明实施例提供的搪瓷部品的制备方法，通过对喷粉挂具进行敲粉处理和清洗处理，并对部品基体进行清洗处理和烘干处理，有效保证了喷粉挂具和部品基体的清洁性，从而保证在喷搪过程中搪瓷粉能够很好地附着在部品基体上，避免出现搪瓷爆瓷、搪瓷爆裂、搪瓷不均、脱瓷等不良现象，提升了搪瓷部品的品质；通过对部品基体的外观面、内部壁面和连接缝处进行逐一喷搪，有效保证喷搪效果，避免出现搪瓷爆瓷、搪瓷爆裂、搪瓷厚度不均、脱瓷等不良现象；通过对烧结工序中的烧结温度进行控制，有效保证搪瓷粉在部品基体上的附着性，进一步提升搪瓷效果；并且上述实施例提供的搪瓷部品的制备方法，操作简单，方便易行。
除非另有规定或说明，术语“连接”、“安装”等均应做广义理解，例如，“连接”可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接，或电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。
本说明书的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或单元必须具有特定的方向、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此，不能理解为对本发明的限制。
在本说明书的描述中，术语“一个实施例”、“一些实施例”、“具体实施例”等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或特点包含于本发明的至少一个实施例或示例中。在本说明书中，对上述术语的示意性表述不一定指的是相同的实施例或实例。而且，描述的具体特征、结构、材料或特点可以在任何的一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。
以上仅为本发明的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本发明，对于本领域的技术人员来说，本发明可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种搪瓷部品的制备方法，其特征在于，部品基体依次经前处理工序、喷搪工序、烧结工序获得所述搪瓷部品，其中，所述前处理工序包括：
    步骤102，采用向喷粉挂具喷射气体方式，对所述喷粉挂具进行敲粉处理；
    步骤104，采用向所述喷粉挂具喷射水溶液方式，对所述喷粉挂具进行清洗处理；
    步骤106，将所述部品基体挂在所述喷粉挂具上，采用向所述部品基体喷射清洗液方式，对所述部品基体进行清洗处理；
    步骤108，采用向所述部品基体吹风方式，对所述部品基体进行干燥处理。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的搪瓷部品的制备方法，其特征在于，
    在所述步骤102中，采用设置在敲粉柜内的多个气枪向所述喷粉挂具喷射气体，并采用间歇式喷气方式，喷射气压为1.1Pa～1.65Pa。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的搪瓷部品的制备方法，其特征在于，
    在所述步骤104中，采用设置在清洗柜内的多个水枪向所述喷粉挂具喷射水溶液，并采用间歇式喷水方式。
  4. 根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的搪瓷部品的制备方法，其特征在于，
    在所述步骤106中，采用设置在部品清洗线上的多个清洗枪向所述部品基体喷射清洗液，并根据所述部品基体的大小选择所述清洗枪的开启个数。
  5. 根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的搪瓷部品的制备方法，其特征在于，
    在所述步骤108中，采用设置在部品干燥线上的多个风筒向所述部品基体吹风，所述部品干燥线上的干燥温度为120℃～240℃。
  6. 根据权利要求1至5中任一项所述的搪瓷部品的制备方法，其特征在于，所述喷搪工序包括：
    步骤202，采用斜喷式喷枪、直喷式喷枪或散喷式喷枪向所述部品基体的外观面喷涂搪瓷粉；
    步骤204，采用斜喷式喷枪、直喷式喷枪或散喷式喷枪向所述部品基体的 内部壁面喷涂搪瓷粉；
    步骤206，采用斜喷式喷枪、直喷式喷枪或散喷式喷枪向所述部品基体的相邻壁面之间的连接缝处喷涂搪瓷粉。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的搪瓷部品的制备方法，其特征在于，
    在所述前处理工序和所述喷搪工序中，由传送链条驱动所述喷粉挂具移动，所述传送链条的移动速度为2.5m/min～4.5m/min。
  8. 根据权利要求1至7中任一项所述的搪瓷部品的制备方法，其特征在于，所述烧结工序包括：
    步骤302，将所述部品基体挂在烧结挂具上，将所述烧结挂具放入烧结炉内，所述烧结炉内的温度控制为低温区和高温区，所述低温区的温度为200℃～400℃，所述高温区的温度为750℃～900℃；
    步骤304，对所述部品基体进行自然冷却，获得所述搪瓷部品。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的搪瓷部品的制备方法，其特征在于，
    在所述烧结工序中，一个所述烧结挂具上挂有多个所述部品基体，多个所述部品基体沿上下方向平行布置。
  10. 一种搪瓷部品，其特征在于，采用如权利要求1至9中任一项所述的搪瓷部品的制备方法制成。
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