WO2017086279A1 - 無線電力伝送システム - Google Patents
無線電力伝送システム Download PDFInfo
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- WO2017086279A1 WO2017086279A1 PCT/JP2016/083736 JP2016083736W WO2017086279A1 WO 2017086279 A1 WO2017086279 A1 WO 2017086279A1 JP 2016083736 W JP2016083736 W JP 2016083736W WO 2017086279 A1 WO2017086279 A1 WO 2017086279A1
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- circuit
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- resonance
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
- H02J50/10—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling
- H02J50/12—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling of the resonant type
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
- H01F27/28—Coils; Windings; Conductive connections
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F38/00—Adaptations of transformers or inductances for specific applications or functions
- H01F38/14—Inductive couplings
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
- H02J50/005—Mechanical details of housing or structure aiming to accommodate the power transfer means, e.g. mechanical integration of coils, antennas or transducers into emitting or receiving devices
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
- H02J50/05—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using capacitive coupling
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
- H01F27/40—Structural association with built-in electric component, e.g. fuse
- H01F2027/408—Association with diode or rectifier
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F38/00—Adaptations of transformers or inductances for specific applications or functions
- H01F38/14—Inductive couplings
- H01F2038/146—Inductive couplings in combination with capacitive coupling
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a wireless power transmission system that supplies power from a power supply circuit to a load across a space.
- Patent Document 1 As a non-contact power transmission device that does not use a power cord or a power transmission cable, for example, as in Patent Document 1, an AC magnetic field of a power transmission coil on a power transmission circuit side and an AC magnetic field of a power reception coil on a power reception side resonance circuit on a power reception circuit side are used.
- a wireless power transmission system that resonates and wirelessly transmits power from a power transmission coil of a power transmission circuit to a power reception coil of a power reception circuit has been proposed.
- a power reception circuit is configured by a power reception side resonance circuit including a power reception coil, a rectification circuit, and a power storage device, and AC power received by the power reception coil of the power reception side resonance circuit is rectified to DC power by a rectification circuit.
- the power storage device is charged.
- Patent Document 2 a DC voltage conversion circuit is installed between the rectifier circuit and the power storage device in order to improve the impedance mismatch between the power transmission side and the power reception side due to fluctuations in the load impedance of the power reception circuit. Techniques for matching impedance have been proposed.
- a chopper circuit is used as the DC voltage conversion circuit, and the impedance conversion ratio is adjusted by changing the width of the switching pulse for opening and closing the switch of the switching element of the chopper circuit.
- the DC voltage conversion circuit using the chopper circuit of Patent Document 2 has a problem that the output voltage of the chopper circuit becomes abnormal when the load resistance connected to the output terminal is large.
- the chopper circuit has a problem that when such a problem occurs depending on the load condition, the resonance current flowing in the power receiving side resonance circuit is not stable.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a wireless power transmission system in which the resonance current of the power reception side resonance circuit is stably increased to increase the reception power received by the reception coil.
- the present invention has a power transmission coil that generates a magnetic field with an alternating current and a power reception coil that generates an induced voltage by electromagnetic induction of the power transmission coil, and a resonance capacitor is connected to the power reception coil.
- a resonance operation circuit configured to control the resonance current flowing through the resonance circuit to a target value.
- the control operation unit is controlled by the control operation unit to apply power to the resonance circuit to thereby resonate the resonance circuit.
- the present invention has an effect that the received power received by the power receiving coil can be increased by stably increasing the resonance current flowing through the power receiving coil.
- (A) It is a top view (XY figure) of the receiving coil of the power receiving circuit overlapped with the power transmitting coil of the power transmitting circuit of the 1st Embodiment of this invention.
- (B) It is a side view (XZ figure) showing arrangement
- A) It is a circuit diagram showing the circuit structure of the receiving coil current control circuit of the receiving circuit of the 1st Embodiment of this invention.
- (B) It is a figure which shows the simulation result of the time change of the resonant current I2 of the receiving circuit controlled by the pulse voltage Vp of the receiving coil current control circuit of the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a circuit diagram showing the whole circuit of the power transmission circuit and power receiving circuit of the wireless power transmission system of the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a circuit diagram showing the whole circuit of the power transmission circuit and power receiving circuit of the wireless power transmission system of the 3rd Embodiment of this invention. It is a circuit diagram showing the circuit structure of the receiving coil current control circuit of the receiving circuit of the 4th Embodiment of this invention.
- the wireless power transmission system includes a power transmission circuit 10 and a power reception circuit 20.
- the power transmission circuit 10 is a circuit that guides the power of the power supply circuit 30 to the power transmission coil 1.
- the power receiving circuit 20 includes a circuit that receives wireless power by the power receiving coil 2 that is disposed at a distance from the power transmitting coil 1 of the power transmitting circuit 10 and guides the power received by the power receiving coil 2 to the load circuit 40.
- the power transmission circuit 10 creates a resonance circuit in which both ends of the wiring of the power transmission coil 1 having the self-inductance L1 are connected by the resonance capacitor C1, and the power circuit 30 is connected to the intermediate port 1 (P1) of the wiring of the power transmission coil 1.
- the resonance current I1 is caused to flow from the power supply circuit 30 into the power transmission coil 1.
- a constant voltage circuit, a constant current circuit, or the like having a sufficiently small output impedance can be used. It is also possible to use the power transmission circuit 10 in which the power supply circuit 30 is connected in parallel to the resonance capacitor C1.
- Modification 1 As a first modification of the power transmission circuit 10, a power transmission circuit 10 in which the power transmission coil 1 is directly connected to the power supply circuit 30 that allows an alternating current to flow can be used without providing an obvious resonance circuit for the power transmission circuit 10.
- the power receiving circuit 20 has a power receiving side resonance circuit configured by connecting a resonance capacitor C2 to both ends of a power receiving coil 2 having a self-inductance L2.
- a power receiving coil current control circuit 50 is inserted in series with the power receiving side resonance circuit, and a load circuit 40 is connected in series with the power receiving side resonance circuit. That is, the port 2 (P2) is provided in the middle of the wiring of the power receiving coil 2 of the power receiving side resonance circuit, and the load circuit 40 and the power receiving coil current control circuit 50 are connected to the port 2 in series.
- the power receiving circuit 20 is further provided with a control calculation means 60 for controlling the operation of the power receiving coil current control circuit 50.
- the load circuit 40 includes a rectifier circuit 41, a DC voltage conversion circuit (DC / DC converter) 80, and a power storage device 70.
- the output power of the DC voltage conversion circuit 80 is consumed by the power storage device 70 and the load 42, and the power storage device 70 supplies power to the power receiving coil current control circuit 50.
- the load circuit 40 receives the power received by the power receiving coil 2 from the power transmitting coil 1.
- the load circuit 40 rectifies the resonance current I2 of the power reception side resonance circuit into a direct current by the rectification circuit 41.
- the output voltage of the rectifier circuit 41 is converted by the DC voltage conversion circuit 80 to form a voltage for the power storage device 70. Then, the power charged in the power storage device 70 is supplied to the load 42 and the power receiving coil current control circuit 50.
- the control calculation means 60 is constituted by a computer (information processing apparatus) provided with a central processing unit constituted by a semiconductor integrated circuit.
- the control calculation unit 60 receives measurement values from the resonance current sensor 61, the AC voltage sensor 62, the charging current sensor 63, and the charging voltage sensor 64.
- the control calculating means 60 controls the resonance current I2 using the receiving coil current control circuit 50 in order to increase / decrease the resonance current I2 of a receiving side resonance circuit according to those measured values.
- the control calculation means 60 can also control the DC voltage conversion circuit 80.
- control calculation means 60 transmits a pulsed switch opening / closing control signal sig1 to the receiving coil current control circuit 50 to open / close the switch of the semiconductor switching element 52 of the receiving coil current control circuit 50.
- a pulse voltage Vp is applied in series with the side resonance circuit.
- the control calculation means 60 considers the AC voltage detected by the AC voltage sensor 62 to be equal to the AC induced voltage induced in the power receiving coil 2, and converts the AC voltage detected by the AC voltage sensor 62 into the power receiving coil current control circuit 50.
- the pulsed switch opening / closing control signal sig1 to be transmitted is generated in synchronization.
- the power receiving coil current control circuit 50 operates by being supplied with power from the load circuit 40, and is controlled by the control arithmetic means 60 to generate a pulse voltage Vp that repeats at the same cycle as the resonance current I2. In series. Thereby, the receiving coil current control circuit 50 performs control to increase or decrease the resonance current I2 flowing through the receiving side resonance circuit (receiving coil 2).
- the receiving coil current control circuit 50 includes a DC drive voltage power supply 51 and a semiconductor switching element 52 as shown in FIG.
- the power receiving coil current control circuit 50 switches the semiconductor switching element 52 by a switch opening / closing control signal sig1 from the control arithmetic means 60, thereby adding a pulse voltage Vp in series to the power receiving side resonance circuit to thereby generate a resonance current of the power receiving side resonance circuit. Control to increase / decrease I2 is performed.
- the power supply circuit that supplies power to the receiving coil current control circuit 50 preferably uses the power storage device 70 of the load circuit 40 as a power supply. This is because the output voltage of the power storage device 70 is stable. It is also possible to draw power from a portion of the load circuit 40 other than the power storage device 70 and use it as a power source for the receiving coil current control circuit 50.
- the induced voltage generated in the power receiving coil 2 by the magnetic induction generated by the power transmission coil 1 accelerates the increasing speed of the resonance current I2 of the power receiving side resonance circuit.
- the receiving coil current control circuit 50 adds the pulse voltage Vp in series to the induced voltage, and the resonance voltage I2 flowing through the power-receiving-side resonance circuit is generated by the induced voltage and the pulse voltage Vp added in series with the induced voltage. It increases with progress.
- the speed at which the pulse voltage Vp applied in series by the power receiving coil current control circuit 50 to the power receiving resonance circuit changes the resonance current I2 is proportional to the product of the voltage value of the pulse voltage Vp and the time of the pulse width.
- the received power of the product of the AC induced voltage induced by the power transmission coil 1 to the power receiving coil 2 by electromagnetic induction and the resonance current I2 is transmitted from the power transmitting coil 1 to the power receiving coil 2.
- the power receiving coil current control circuit 50 increases the resonance current I2, so that the power received by the power receiving coil 2 from the power transmission coil 1 can be increased in proportion to the resonance current I2.
- the power of the product of the pulse voltage Vp and the resonance current I2 applied in series by the power reception coil current control circuit 50 to the power reception side resonance circuit is transmitted from the power reception coil current control circuit 50 to the power reception side resonance circuit.
- the power receiving coil current control circuit 50 increases the resonance current I2
- the power received by the power receiving side resonance circuit from the power receiving coil current control circuit 50 also increases in proportion to the resonance current I2.
- the meaning that the power receiving coil current control circuit 50 applies the pulse voltage Vp in series to the induced voltage generated by the power transmitting coil 1 in the power receiving coil 2 means that the power receiving coil 1 supplies power to the power receiving side resonance circuit at the same time.
- the current control circuit 50 also means that power is applied to the power receiving side resonance circuit. That is, there are two sources that apply power to the power-receiving-side resonance circuit. One source is a power transmission coil 1 that generates an induced voltage in the power reception coil 2, and the other source is a power reception coil current control circuit 50 that applies a pulse voltage Vp in series to the power reception side resonance circuit. This is a drive voltage power supply 51.
- the power receiving coil current control circuit 50 While the power receiving coil current control circuit 50 supplied with power from the power storage device 70 of the load circuit 40 applies the pulse voltage Vp to the power receiving side resonance circuit, the power receiving coil current control circuit 50 supplies power to the power receiving side resonance circuit. In addition, during that time, the resonance current I2 flowing through the power receiving coil 2 also increases. The power applied by the power receiving coil current control circuit 50 to the power receiving resonance circuit is eventually charged in the power storage device 70 of the load circuit 40, and the power of the power storage device 70 is supplied to the power receiving coil current control circuit 50 again. There is a cycle.
- the control calculation means 60 controls the power reception coil current control circuit 50 to apply the pulse voltage Vp in a direction to decrease the resonance current I2.
- the control calculation means 60 controls the power reception coil current control circuit 50 to apply the pulse voltage Vp in a direction to decrease the resonance current I2.
- the receiving coil current control circuit 50 reduces the resonance current I2, so that the induced voltage generated by the power transmission coil 1 in the power receiving coil 2 by electromagnetic induction is applied to the power receiving coil 2 per unit time as the resonance current. Control can be made small in proportion to I2.
- the power reception coil current control circuit 50 induces a pulse voltage Vp applied in series to the power reception side resonance circuit to the power reception coil 2. Synchronize with AC induced voltage. That is, the timing of the pulse voltage Vp is adjusted to the timing of the peak of the waveform of the AC induced voltage that the power transmission coil 1 induces to the power reception coil 2.
- the timing at which the alternating current waveform of the resonance current I2 peaks corresponds to the timing at which the waveform of the AC induced voltage that the power transmission coil 1 induces to the power receiving coil 2 peaks. Accordingly, the reactive power of the received power received by the power receiving coil 2 from the power transmitting coil 1 is set to 0, and the product of the induced voltage generated by the power receiving coil 2 in the power receiving coil 2 and the resonance current I2 is all active power. Control.
- FIG. 3A shows the circuit configuration of the power receiving side resonance circuit, the control calculation means 60, and the power receiving coil current control circuit 50 in the power receiving circuit 20 of the wireless power transmission system.
- FIG. 3B shows a graph of time variation of the resonance current I2 as a result of simulation of the operation of the power receiving circuit 20.
- the receiving coil 2 and the resonance capacitor C2 form the pulse voltage Vp by switching the semiconductor switching element 52 to switch the connection of the DC drive voltage power supply 51 to the receiving resonance circuit. It is added in series to the power-receiving-side resonance circuit.
- the control calculation means 60 transmits a pulsed switch opening / closing control signal sig 1 to synchronize the pulse voltage Vp generated by opening / closing the switch of the semiconductor switching element 52 with the AC voltage detected by the AC voltage sensor 62. As a result, the timing when the alternating current waveform of the resonance current I2 reaches its peak matches the timing of the pulse voltage Vp.
- the control calculation means 60 performs control for accelerating the increase rate of the resonance current I2 by applying a pulse voltage Vp of a higher voltage in series with the induced voltage of the power transmission coil 1 using the power receiving coil current control circuit 50. Do. Thereby, as shown in FIG. 3B, control is performed to quickly increase the resonance current I2 to a predetermined steady current value.
- the control calculation means 60 measures the current waveform of the resonance current I2 with the resonance current sensor 61, and when the amplitude value of the measured resonance current I2 reaches the target value, the power reception side resonance circuit from the reception coil current control circuit 50 The application of the pulse voltage Vp to is stopped and the resonance current I2 is maintained at the target value.
- the control calculation means 60 reduces the resonance current I2 by applying the pulse voltage Vp in series with the power reception side resonance circuit in the direction in which the receiving coil current control circuit 50 reduces the resonance current I2.
- the resonance current I2 is maintained at the target value.
- control arithmetic means 60 adjusts the length of time that the receiving coil current control circuit 50 continuously applies the pulse voltage Vp to the resonance circuit of the power reception circuit 20, thereby increasing or decreasing the resonance current I2 of the power reception circuit 20. Adjust. Accordingly, there is an effect that the resonance current I2 flowing through the power receiving coil 2 of the power receiving circuit 20 can be stabilized.
- the control calculation means 60 increases the target value of the resonance current I2 and performs control to increase the resonance current I2 using the power receiving coil current control circuit 50, the value of the resonance current I2 and the power transmission coil 1 receive power.
- the received power having a large product with the value of the induced voltage generated in the coil 2 can be received by the receiving coil 2, and the received power received by the receiving coil 2 can be increased.
- a DC voltage conversion circuit 80 In the present embodiment, a DC voltage conversion circuit (DC / DC converter) 80 is used.
- the DC voltage conversion circuit 80 is a circuit that converts the DC voltage output from the rectification circuit 41 by rectifying the resonance current I2 into a voltage having a different value.
- the circuit configuration of the DC voltage conversion circuit 80 uses a step-up chopper circuit in which the control calculation means 60 can change the voltage step-up ratio by changing the pulse width of the control pulse signal of the DC voltage conversion circuit 80.
- the output voltage of the rectifier circuit 41 becomes a low voltage about the induced voltage generated in the power receiving coil 2. Therefore, the DC voltage conversion circuit 80 that boosts the voltage is used to convert the low voltage of the rectifier circuit 41 into a high output voltage, and the power is stored or consumed in addition to the power storage device 70 and the load 42.
- the DC voltage conversion circuit 80 constituted by a boost chopper circuit controls the voltage boost ratio by changing the pulse width of the control pulse signal transmitted by the control calculation means 60 to open and close the current switch of the boost chopper circuit. To do.
- the output voltage of the DC voltage conversion circuit 80 constituted by the step-up chopper circuit becomes abnormal when almost no current flows through the power storage device 70 and the load 42 and no power is consumed.
- the input terminal of the receiving coil current control circuit 50 is connected to the terminal of the power storage device 70 in parallel with the output terminal of the step-up chopper circuit connected to the power storage device 70, and the power is supplied to the receiving coil current control circuit 50.
- the output voltage of the DC voltage conversion circuit 80 can be maintained in a normal state by consuming an appropriate amount of power in the receiving coil current control circuit 50.
- the control calculation unit 60 controls the received power of the power receiving coil 2 using the power receiving coil current control circuit 50, for example, the power receiving coil 2 is displaced by the position of the power receiving coil 2 facing the power transmitting coil 1.
- the received power of the receiving coil 2 can be controlled to be constant as follows.
- control calculation means 60 sets the target value of the received power that the power receiving coil 2 receives from the power transmitting coil 1. That is, as the target value, the value of the product of the induced voltage induced in the power receiving coil 2 and the resonance current I2 is set as the target value.
- the resonance current I2 is measured by the resonance current sensor 61, and the AC induction voltage induced in the power receiving coil 2 is measured by the AC voltage sensor 62.
- the control calculation means 60 sets a value obtained by dividing the target value of the received power by the measured value of the induced voltage as the target value of the resonance current I2.
- the control calculation means 60 performs control to maintain the resonance current I2 at the target value using the receiving coil current control circuit 50. That is, when the induced voltage induced by the power transmission coil 1 to the power receiving coil 2 is small, the resonance current I2 is increased, and when the induced voltage is large, the resonance current I2 is decreased. Thereby, when the induced voltage induced in the power receiving coil 2 changes, the received power of the product of the induced voltage and the resonance current I2 is controlled to be constant.
- the output voltage of the rectifier circuit 41 having a value of about the induced voltage is converted into a voltage to be applied to the power storage device 70 and the load 42 by the DC voltage conversion circuit 80 configured by a boost chopper circuit.
- the boost ratio of the output voltage is adjusted to an appropriate boost ratio.
- the control calculation means 60 uses the power receiving coil current control circuit 50 when it is necessary to cause the power receiving coil 2 to receive more power. By controlling the resonance current I2 to a larger value, the received power of the product of the induced voltage and the resonance current I2 can be controlled to a larger value.
- the resonance current I2 flowing through the power receiving coil 2 may be larger than the steady value due to the influence of the load circuit 40 at a time before the current value becomes a steady value.
- the control calculation means 60 uses the receiving coil current control circuit 50 to apply the pulse voltage Vp in the direction of decreasing the resonance current I2, thereby suppressing the increase in the resonance current I2 and setting the resonance current I2 to the target value. Control to stabilize can be performed.
- the required amount of power flowing into the power storage device 70 per unit time may change over time.
- the charging voltage of the power storage device 70 is detected by the charging voltage sensor 64, and the power receiving coil 2 receives power from the power transmission coil 1 according to the charging voltage of the power storage device 70 with the passage of time.
- the amount of power charged into the power storage device 70 is controlled to an appropriate value at each time by using the power receiving coil current control circuit 50.
- control calculation means 60 freely controls the resonance current I2 by increasing or decreasing the resonance current I2 using the receiving coil current control circuit 50, so that the received power received by the load circuit 40 is changed to the resonance current I2. There is an effect that the value of the product of I2 and the induced voltage can be freely controlled.
- FIG. 4 A second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
- the second embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that the power receiving circuit 20 is connected to the load circuit 40 in parallel to the resonance capacitor C2.
- the power transmission circuit 10 a circuit similar to that of the first embodiment is used.
- the power receiving circuit 20 of the second embodiment has a power receiving side resonance circuit configured by connecting a resonance capacitor C ⁇ b> 2 to both ends of the power receiving coil 2 having a self-inductance L ⁇ b> 2.
- a power receiving coil current control circuit 50 is inserted in series with the power receiving side resonance circuit.
- both ends of the power receiving coil 2 are port 2 (P2), and the resonance capacitor C2 and the power receiving coil current control circuit 50 are connected in series to the port 2 and in parallel with the resonance capacitor C2.
- the load circuit 40 is connected.
- the power transmission coil 1 of the power transmission circuit 10 and the power reception coil 2 of the power reception circuit 20 are opposed to each other, and both coils are inductively coupled with each other with a mutual inductance M.
- an induction voltage is generated in the power reception coil 2 by electromagnetic induction of the magnetic field generated by the power transmission coil 1.
- the induced voltage generates a resonance current I2 in the power reception side resonance circuit of the power reception circuit 20.
- the load circuit 40 is connected in parallel to the resonance capacitor C2.
- the load circuit 40 consumes a part of the electric power charged in the resonance capacitor C2.
- the current flowing out from the resonance capacitor C ⁇ b> 2 to the load circuit 40 is rectified to direct current by the rectifier circuit 41, converted into voltage by the direct-current voltage conversion circuit 80, and charged to the power storage device 70.
- the voltage generated between both ends of the resonance capacitor C2 increases. For this reason, the voltage input to the load circuit 40 connected in parallel to the resonance capacitor C2 is increased, and the output voltage of the rectifier circuit 41 of the load circuit 40 is increased similarly to the voltage of the resonance capacitor C2.
- the output voltage of the rectifier circuit 41 is converted to a low voltage using the DC voltage conversion circuit 80 and applied to the power storage device 70 and the load 42.
- Control calculation means 60 of this embodiment receives measured values from the resonance current sensor 61, the charging current sensor 63, and the charging voltage sensor 64.
- the control calculation means 60 sends a pulsed switch opening / closing control signal sig1 to the receiving coil current control circuit 50 to open / close the switch of the semiconductor switching element 52 of the receiving coil current control circuit 50.
- the pulse voltage Vp is applied in series to the power receiving side resonance circuit.
- the pulse voltage Vp is desirably generated in synchronization with the cycle of the AC induction voltage that the power transmission coil 1 induces to the power reception coil 2.
- the control calculation means 60 considers that the AC resonance current I2 of the power receiving side resonance circuit is synchronized in phase with the AC induction voltage. Then, the pulsed switch opening / closing control signal sig1 transmitted to the receiving coil current control circuit 50 is synchronized with the current waveform of the measurement result of the resonance current I2 by the resonance current sensor 61.
- the DC voltage conversion circuit 80 uses a step-down chopper circuit that can change the voltage step-down ratio by changing the pulse width of the control pulse signal transmitted by the control calculation means 60.
- the output voltage of the DC voltage conversion circuit 80 constituted by the step-down chopper circuit becomes abnormal when almost no current flows through the power storage device 70 and the load 42 and no power is consumed.
- power is consumed by operating the receiving coil current control circuit 50 using the power of the power storage device 70 connected to the output terminal of the step-down chopper circuit as a power source.
- the output voltage of the DC voltage conversion circuit 80 can be maintained in a normal state.
- the control calculation unit 60 uses the power receiving coil current control circuit 50 to adjust the time during which the pulse voltage Vp is continuously applied in series to the power receiving resonance circuit, thereby receiving power.
- the resonance current I2 of the side resonance circuit is increased or decreased to the target value.
- Modification 2 As a second modification of the present embodiment, when the control calculation means 60 always controls the resonance current I2 to a constant value using the receiving coil current control circuit 50, the AC voltage of the resonance capacitor C2 and the output voltage of the rectifier circuit 41 are used. Becomes a constant value. In this case, the DC voltage conversion circuit 80 has an effect that a simple circuit in which the voltage step-down ratio is always fixed to a constant value can be used.
- the control calculation means 60 sets a target value for the charging power of the power storage device 70.
- the target value of the charging power is such that the power of the load circuit 40 is transferred from the receiving coil current control circuit 50 to the receiving side resonance circuit, rather than the target value of the receiving power given by the product of the induced voltage induced in the receiving coil 2 and the resonance current I2. It is set to a larger amount by the amount of power that is supplied and returns to the load circuit 40 again.
- the resonance current I2 is measured by the resonance current sensor 61
- the charging current for charging the power storage device 70 is measured by the charging current sensor 63
- the charging voltage of the power storage device 70 is measured by the charging voltage sensor 64.
- the control calculation means 60 calculates the value of the product of the charging voltage measured by the charging voltage sensor 64 and the charging current measured by the charging current sensor 63, and regards that value as the measured value of charging power. Then, the control arithmetic means 60 divides the value obtained by dividing the target value of the charging power by the measured value of the charging power by the value of the resonance current I2 measured by the resonance current sensor 61 and the target of the resonance current I2. Set to value.
- the control calculation means 60 uses the receiving coil current control circuit 50 to control the resonance current I2 to a target value.
- the resonance current I2 is increased when the induced voltage is small, and the resonance current I2 is decreased when the induced voltage is large, so that the received power of the power receiving circuit 20 can be controlled to be constant.
- the output voltage of the rectifier circuit 41 that changes in accordance with the magnitude of the resonance current I2 is converted into a predetermined voltage to be applied to the power storage device 70 and the load 42 by the DC voltage conversion circuit 80 configured by a step-down chopper circuit.
- the voltage step-down ratio is adjusted to an appropriate step-down ratio by changing the pulse width of the control pulse signal of the step-down chopper circuit.
- the control calculation unit 60 uses the voltage of the power storage device 70 detected by the charge voltage sensor 64. The amount of charge of the power storage device 70 is grasped. Then, the target value of the charging power of the power storage device 70 is changed according to the amount of charge, and the charging amount of power to the power storage device 70 is controlled to an appropriate value.
- a third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
- the third embodiment is different from the above-described embodiment in that a transformer circuit is installed in front of the load circuit 40 to replace the DC voltage conversion circuit 80.
- a secondary side resonance capacitor C4 is connected to the output terminal side of the transformer circuit to form a secondary side resonance circuit, and the input terminal of the rectifier circuit 41 is connected in series to the secondary side resonance circuit.
- the power transmission circuit 10 of the present embodiment uses a circuit similar to that of the first embodiment, and the power reception circuit 20 includes a load circuit 40 and a power reception coil current control in the power reception side resonance circuit as in the first embodiment.
- the circuit 50 is connected in series.
- the power receiving circuit 20 has a power receiving side resonance circuit configured by connecting a resonance capacitor C2 to both ends of the power receiving coil 2 having a self-inductance L2, and the wiring of the power receiving coil 2 of the power receiving side resonance circuit is provided.
- the load circuit 40 and the receiving coil current control circuit 50 are connected in series to the intermediate port 2 (P2).
- a primary coil L3 having a self-inductance L3 is installed on the input terminal side, and a secondary coil L4 having a self-inductance L4 is induced to the primary coil L3 by a mutual inductance Mt.
- a secondary side resonance circuit is configured by connecting a secondary side resonance capacitor C4 to the output terminal side of the secondary coil L4 of this transformer circuit.
- the resonance frequency of the secondary side resonance circuit is set to the same frequency as the resonance frequency of the power reception side resonance circuit.
- the transformer circuit constitutes a resonant transformer type transformer circuit in which the leakage inductance of the primary coil L3, the leakage inductance of the secondary coil L4, and the secondary side resonance capacitor C4 resonate at the same frequency as the resonance frequency of the power receiving side resonance circuit. Can do.
- the transformer circuit can be configured with an immittance conversion circuit having the following configuration. That is, the total inductance of the self-inductance L2 of the receiving coil 2 and the self-inductance of the primary coil L3 of the transformer circuit and the resonance capacitor C2 of the receiving-side resonance circuit (or the primary side of the immittance conversion circuit in series with C2) (Total capacity connected to the capacitor for use) is resonated at the resonance frequency of the power receiving side resonance circuit.
- the self-inductance of the secondary coil L4 of this transformer circuit and the secondary side resonance capacitor C4 are resonated at the resonance frequency of the power reception side resonance circuit, and the secondary coil L4 is inductively coupled to the primary coil L3 of the power reception side resonance circuit.
- the transformer circuit having this circuit configuration includes an immittance conversion circuit in which the impedance of the circuit viewed from the primary side is proportional to the admittance of the circuit connected to the secondary side.
- the transformer circuit may be configured by an immittance conversion circuit having another circuit configuration. For example, an immittance conversion circuit configured by connecting one capacitor in a T shape between two coils (inductors) can be used for a transformer circuit.
- the input terminal of the rectifier circuit 41 is connected in series to the secondary side resonance circuit of the transformer circuit, and the output terminal of the rectifier circuit 41 is connected to the power storage device 70.
- the power output from the rectifier circuit 41 is charged in the power storage device 70 and consumed by the load 42. Further, the power of the power storage device 70 is supplied to the receiving coil current control circuit 50.
- a circuit configuration in which the input terminal of the rectifier circuit 41 is connected in parallel to the secondary side resonance capacitor C4 of the secondary side resonance circuit may be employed.
- the receiving coil current control circuit 50 of the present embodiment is controlled by the control calculation means 60 and applies a pulse voltage Vp repeated in the same cycle as the resonance current I2 in series to the receiving-side resonance circuit. Thus, control is performed to increase or decrease the resonance current I2 flowing through the power receiving side resonance circuit.
- the control calculation means 60 sets the target value of the resonance current I2, and performs control for adjusting the resonance current I2 to the target value using the receiving coil current control circuit 50.
- the resonance current I2 is controlled to a constant value
- the induced voltage induced in the secondary coil L4 by the magnetic field generated by the primary coil L3 of the transformer circuit through which the constant resonance current I2 flows is controlled to a constant value.
- the induced voltage is applied to the rectifier circuit 41 connected in series to the secondary resonance circuit, the DC voltage generated at the output terminal of the rectifier circuit 41 becomes a constant value, and the DC voltage of the constant value is applied to the power storage device 70.
- the control calculation means 60 uses the power receiving coil current control circuit 50.
- the resonance current I2 flowing through the power receiving side resonance circuit By controlling the resonance current I2 flowing through the power receiving side resonance circuit to a constant value, the induced voltage induced in the secondary coil L4 of the transformer circuit becomes a constant value.
- a constant DC voltage is applied to the power storage device 70.
- Join. As a result, the voltage applied to the power storage device 70 is not changed, and the voltage is stabilized.
- the rectifier circuit 41 transfers the power to the power storage device 70.
- the applied voltage can be stabilized at the same voltage. Thereby, there is an effect that the charging from the rectifier circuit 41 to the power storage device 70 is stably continued.
- the fourth embodiment is different from the above-described embodiment in that the power receiving coil current control circuit 50 applies the auxiliary AC drive voltage Va in series to the power receiving side resonance circuit to generate the resonance current I2 of the power receiving side resonance circuit. This is a point to control to increase or decrease.
- FIG. 6 shows a circuit configuration of the power receiving coil current control circuit 50 in the power receiving circuit 20 of the fourth embodiment.
- the circuit configuration of the above embodiment is used. That is, the power transmission circuit 10, the power reception side resonance circuit of the power reception circuit 20, the control calculation means 60 for controlling the power reception coil current control circuit 50 of the power reception circuit 20, and the load circuit 40 are the same as those in FIG. A circuit can be used.
- the receiving coil current control circuit 50 includes an AC drive voltage power supply 53 and a semiconductor switching element 52.
- the control calculation means 60 switches the semiconductor switching element 52 of the power receiving coil current control circuit 50 with the switch opening / closing control signal sig1, and adds the auxiliary AC drive voltage Va in series to the power receiving side resonance circuit to increase the resonance current I2 of the power receiving side resonance circuit. Alternatively, control to decrease is performed.
- a drive voltage sensor 65 that measures the AC voltage waveform of the AC drive voltage power supply 53 can be installed.
- the control calculation means 60 controls the AC frequency of the AC drive voltage power supply 53 of the power receiving coil current control circuit 50 with the AC frequency control signal sig2.
- the control calculation unit 60 regards the AC voltage detected by the AC voltage sensor 62 as the AC voltage detected by the AC voltage sensor 62, assuming that the AC voltage detected by the AC voltage sensor 62 is equal to the AC induction voltage induced in the power receiving coil 2.
- the phase of the auxiliary AC drive voltage Va is controlled and synchronized so that the timing is matched with the timing when the value becomes the maximum so that the voltage value of the auxiliary AC drive voltage Va is maximized.
- the method of synchronizing the auxiliary AC drive voltage Va with the AC voltage detected by the AC voltage sensor 62 can be performed as follows.
- the control calculation means 60 measures the AC voltage waveform of the AC drive voltage power supply 53 with the drive voltage sensor 65 and compares it with the AC voltage waveform measured with the AC voltage sensor 62.
- the control calculation means 60 instructs the AC drive voltage power supply by giving an AC frequency control signal sig2.
- the frequency of the 53 auxiliary AC drive voltage Va is shifted from the frequency of the AC voltage measured by the AC voltage sensor 62.
- the phase difference from the AC voltage is reduced with time.
- the frequency of the auxiliary AC drive voltage Va is adjusted to the frequency of the AC voltage measured by the AC voltage sensor 62. , Maintain phase matching.
- the control calculation means 60 switches the semiconductor switching element 52 of the receiving coil current control circuit 50 with the switch opening / closing control signal sig1, and in series with the induced voltage of the power transmission coil 1, the auxiliary AC driving voltage Va of higher AC voltage is provided. Starts to be applied. Thereby, the increasing speed of the resonance current I2 is accelerated, and control is performed to quickly increase the resonance current I2 to a predetermined steady current value.
- the control calculation means 60 measures the current waveform of the resonance current I2 with the resonance current sensor 61. When the measured amplitude value of the resonance current I2 reaches the target value, the control calculation means 60 turns the semiconductor switching element 52 on with the switch opening / closing control signal sig1. By turning off, the application of the auxiliary AC drive voltage Va to the power receiving side resonance circuit is stopped and the resonance current I2 is maintained at the target value.
- produces a magnetic field with an alternating current
- the system has a resonance circuit (power reception side resonance circuit) configured by connecting a resonance capacitor C2 to the power reception coil 2, and performs control for adjusting the resonance current I2 flowing through the power reception side resonance circuit to a target value.
- the wireless power transmission system includes a power receiving coil current control circuit 50 that includes a calculating means 60 and is controlled by the control calculating means 60 to apply power to the power receiving resonance circuit to increase the resonance current I2.
- the wireless circuit has a load circuit 40 that receives power from the power receiving side resonance circuit, and the power receiving coil current control circuit 50 is supplied with power from the load circuit 40 to add power to the power receiving side resonance circuit to increase the resonance current I2. It is a power transmission system.
Abstract
Description
図1から図3を参照して本発明の第1の実施形態を説明する。図1の様に、第1の実施形態の無線電力伝送システムは、送電回路10と受電回路20から成る。送電回路10は、電源回路30の電力を送電コイル1に導く回路である。受電回路20は、送電回路10の送電コイル1から空間を隔てて配置した受電コイル2で無線電力を受電し、受電コイル2が受電した受電電力を負荷回路40に導く回路から成る。
送電回路10は、自己インダクタンスL1の送電コイル1の配線の両端を共振用容量C1でつないだ共振回路を作り、その送電コイル1の配線の中間のポート1(P1)に電源回路30を接続し、電源回路30から共振電流I1を送電コイル1に流入させる。電源回路30は、出力インピーダンスが十分に小さい定電圧回路や定電流回路等を使用することができる。なお、電源回路30を共振用容量C1に並列に接続した送電回路10を用いることもできる。
送電回路10の変形例1として、送電回路10用の顕わな共振回路は設けずに、交流電流を流す電源回路30に直接に送電コイル1を接続した送電回路10を用いることもできる。
受電回路20は、図1のように、自己インダクタンスL2の受電コイル2の両端に共振用容量C2をつないで構成した受電側共振回路を有する。その受電側共振回路に直列に受電コイル電流制御回路50を挿入し、更に、受電側共振回路に直列に負荷回路40を接続する。つまり、受電側共振回路の受電コイル2の配線の中間にポート2(P2)を設け、そのポート2に負荷回路40と受電コイル電流制御回路50を直列に接続する。また、受電回路20には、受電コイル電流制御回路50の動作を制御する制御演算手段60を加える。
図2(b)の側面図のように、送電回路10の送電コイル1と受電回路20の受電コイル2を空間を隔てて対向させて、図1の様に両コイルを相互インダクタンスMで誘導結合させる。それにより、送電コイル1が発生した磁界の電磁誘導により受電コイル2に誘導電圧を発生させる。その誘導電圧が受電回路20の受電側共振回路を共振させて共振電流I2を流すことで、受電コイル2が送電コイル1から無線電力を受電する。
負荷回路40は、整流回路41と直流電圧変換回路(DC/DCコンバータ)80と蓄電装置70を持つ。直流電圧変換回路80の出力電力を蓄電装置70と負荷42で消費させ、また、蓄電装置70は、受電コイル電流制御回路50に電力を供給する。
制御演算手段60は半導体集積回路で構成した中央処理装置を備えるコンピュータ(情報処理装置)等で構成する。制御演算手段60は、共振電流センサ61や交流電圧センサ62や充電電流センサ63や充電電圧センサ64から測定値を受信する。そして、制御演算手段60は、それらの測定値に応じて受電側共振回路の共振電流I2を増減させるために、受電コイル電流制御回路50を用いて共振電流I2を制御する。また、制御演算手段60は直流電圧変換回路80の制御を行うこともできる。
受電コイル電流制御回路50は、図1の様に、負荷回路40から電力を供給されて動作し、制御演算手段60に制御されて共振電流I2と同じ周期で繰り返すパルス電圧Vpを受電側共振回路に直列に加える。それにより受電コイル電流制御回路50は、受電側共振回路(受電コイル2)に流れる共振電流I2を増加あるいは減少させて増減させる制御を行なう。
送電コイル1が電磁誘導により受電コイル2に誘導する交流の誘導電圧と共振電流I2の積の受電電力が送電コイル1から受電コイル2に送電される。受電コイル電流制御回路50が共振電流I2を増加させることで、受電コイル2が送電コイル1から受電する受電電力を共振電流I2に比例させて増すことができる。
負荷回路40の蓄電装置70から電力を供給された受電コイル電流制御回路50が、受電側共振回路にパルス電圧Vpを加えている間は、受電コイル電流制御回路50が受電側共振回路に電力を加えていて、その間、受電コイル2に流れる共振電流I2も増す。受電コイル電流制御回路50が受電側共振回路に加えた電力は結局、負荷回路40の蓄電装置70に充電され、その蓄電装置70の電力が再び受電コイル電流制御回路50に供給されるという電力の循環がある。
送電コイル1が発生した磁界が電磁誘導で受電コイル2に発生する誘導電圧が小さい場合は、共振電流I2の増え方が緩やかである。その場合に制御演算手段60は、受電コイル電流制御回路50を用いて送電コイル1の誘導電圧に直列に、より高い電圧のパルス電圧Vpを加えることで共振電流I2の増加速度を加速させる制御を行う。それにより、図3(b)の様に、共振電流I2を速やかに所定の定常電流の値まで増加させる制御を行う。
制御演算手段60は、共振電流I2の電流波形を共振電流センサ61で測定し、測定した共振電流I2の振幅の値が目標値に達した場合に受電コイル電流制御回路50からの受電側共振回路へのパルス電圧Vpの印加を停止して共振電流I2を目標値に維持する。
本実施形態では直流電圧変換回路(DC/DCコンバータ)80を用いる。直流電圧変換回路80は、整流回路41が共振電流I2を整流して出力する直流の電圧を、異なる値の電圧に変換する回路である。直流電圧変換回路80の回路構成は、制御演算手段60が直流電圧変換回路80の制御用パルス信号のパルス幅を変えることで電圧の昇圧比を変えることができる昇圧形チョッパ回路を用いる。
制御演算手段60が受電コイル電流制御回路50を用いて受電コイル2の受電電力を制御する例として、例えば、送電コイル1に対向させる受電コイル2の位置がずれることで送電コイル1が受電コイル2に電磁誘導で発生する誘導電圧が変化する場合に、以下の様にして、受電コイル2の受電電力を一定に制御することができる。
また、送電コイル1が受電コイル2に誘導する誘導電圧が一定の場合において、より多くの電力を受電コイル2に受電させる必要がある場合に、制御演算手段60が受電コイル電流制御回路50を用いて共振電流I2をより大きな値に制御することで、誘導電圧と共振電流I2の積の受電電力をより大きな値に制御することができる。
また、受電コイル2に流れる共振電流I2は、負荷回路40の影響で、電流の値が定常値になる以前の一時期に、電流が定常値以上に大きくなることがある。その場合に、制御演算手段60は受電コイル電流制御回路50を用いて、共振電流I2を減少させる方向にパルス電圧Vpを加えることで、共振電流I2の増加を抑え、共振電流I2を目標値に安定化させる制御を行うことができる。
また、蓄電装置70に電力が充電されるにつれて、蓄電装置70へ単位時間当たりに流入する電力の必要量が時間経過とともに変化する場合がある。その場合は、蓄電装置70の充電電圧を充電電圧センサ64で検出し、制御演算手段60が時間の経過とともに、蓄電装置70の充電電圧に応じて、受電コイル2が送電コイル1から受電する受電電力の目標値を変えて、受電コイル電流制御回路50を用いて蓄電装置70への電力の充電量を各時刻での適正な値に制御する。
図4を参照して、本発明の第2の実施形態を説明する。第2の実施形態は、図4の様に、受電回路20を、共振用容量C2に並列に負荷回路40を接続した点が第1の実施形態と相違する。送電回路10には、第1の実施形態と同様な回路を用いる。
第2の実施形態の受電回路20は、図4のように、自己インダクタンスL2の受電コイル2の両端に共振用容量C2をつないで構成した受電側共振回路を有する。その受電側共振回路に直列に受電コイル電流制御回路50を挿入する。第2の実施形態では、受電コイル2の両端をポート2(P2)にし、そのポート2に、共振用容量C2と受電コイル電流制御回路50を直列に接続し、その共振用容量C2に並列に負荷回路40を接続する。
負荷回路40を共振用容量C2に並列に接続する。その共振用容量C2に充電された電力の一部を負荷回路40が消費する。共振用容量C2から負荷回路40に流れ出した電流を整流回路41で直流に整流して直流電圧変換回路80で電圧変換して蓄電装置70に充電する。
本実施形態の制御演算手段60は、共振電流センサ61と充電電流センサ63と充電電圧センサ64から測定値を受信する。
受電コイル電流制御回路50が受電電力を制御するために共振電流I2を変化させると、共振用容量C2の電圧が共振電流I2に比例して変化する。その結果、負荷回路40の整流回路41の出力電圧は、共振用容量C2の電圧の絶対値と同程度の値に変化する。そのように変化する整流回路41の出力電圧を、直流電圧変換回路80が変換して蓄電装置70又は負荷42に一定の電圧を加える様に制御する。
本実施形態の変形例2として、制御演算手段60が受電コイル電流制御回路50を用いて共振電流I2を常に一定値に制御する場合は、共振用容量C2の交流電圧及び整流回路41の出力電圧が一定値になる。その場合は、直流電圧変換回路80には、電圧の降圧比が常に一定値に固定された簡易な回路を用いる事ができる効果がある。
本実施形態において送電コイル1が受電コイル2に電磁誘導で発生する誘導電圧が変化する場合に、以下の様にして、受電コイル2の受電電力を一定に制御することができる。
負荷回路40の蓄電装置70に電力が充電されるにつれて、負荷回路40が必要とする電力が時間経過とともに変わる場合は、制御演算手段60が、充電電圧センサ64が検出した蓄電装置70の電圧により蓄電装置70の充電量を把握する。そして、その充電量に応じて蓄電装置70の充電電力の目標値を変えて、蓄電装置70への電力の充電量を適正な値に制御する。
図5を参照して本発明の第3の実施形態を説明する。第3の実施形態は、負荷回路40の前段に変圧回路を設置することで、直流電圧変換回路80の替わりにした点が先に記載した実施形態と相違する。その変圧回路の出力端子側には2次側共振用容量C4を接続して2次側共振回路を構成し、その2次側共振回路に直列に整流回路41の入力端子を接続する。
受電回路20は、図5のように、自己インダクタンスL2の受電コイル2の両端に共振用容量C2をつないで構成した受電側共振回路を有し、その受電側共振回路の受電コイル2の配線の中間のポート2(P2)に負荷回路40と受電コイル電流制御回路50を直列に接続する。
本実施形態の負荷回路40の前段の変圧回路は、入力端子側に自己インダクタンスL3の1次コイルL3を設置し、その1次コイルL3に自己インダクタンスL4の2次コイルL4を相互インダクタンスMtで誘導結合させる。この変圧回路の2次コイルL4の出力端子側に2次側共振用容量C4を接続して2次側共振回路を構成する。その2次側共振回路の共振周波数を、受電側共振回路の共振周波数と同じ周波数にする。
変圧回路は、1次コイルL3の漏れインダクタンス及び2次コイルL4の漏れインダクタンスと2次側共振用容量C4が受電側共振回路の共振周波数と同じ周波数で共振する共振トランス型変圧回路を構成することができる。
また、変形例3として、変圧回路を、以下の構成のイミタンス変換回路で構成することができる。すなわち、受電コイル2の自己インダクタンスL2と変圧回路の1次コイルL3の自己インダクタンスとを合わせた総インダクタンスと受電側共振回路の共振用容量C2(あるいは、C2に直列にイミタンス変換回路の1次側用の容量を接続した総体の容量)を、受電側共振回路の共振周波数で共振させる。
本実施形態の受電コイル電流制御回路50は、第1の実施形態と同様に、制御演算手段60に制御されて、共振電流I2と同じ周期で繰り返すパルス電圧Vpを受電側共振回路に直列に加えることで、受電側共振回路に流れる共振電流I2を増加あるいは減少させる制御を行なう。
制御演算手段60が、共振電流I2の目標値を設定し、受電コイル電流制御回路50を用いて共振電流I2を目標値に合わせる制御を行う。それにより共振電流I2を一定値に制御し、一定値の共振電流I2が流れる変圧回路の1次コイルL3が発生する磁界が2次コイルL4に誘導する誘導電圧を一定値に制御する。その誘導電圧が2次側共振回路に直列に接続した整流回路41に加わり、整流回路41の出力端子に発生する直流電圧が一定値になり、その一定値の直流電圧が蓄電装置70に加わる。
第4の実施形態が先に記載した実施形態と相違する点は、受電コイル電流制御回路50が、受電側共振回路に直列に補助交流駆動電圧Vaを加えて受電側共振回路の共振電流I2を増加あるいは減少させる制御を行う点である。
第4の実施形態の受電コイル電流制御回路50は、交流駆動電圧電源53と半導体スイッチング素子52で構成する。制御演算手段60が受電コイル電流制御回路50の半導体スイッチング素子52をスイッチ開閉制御信号sig1で切り替えて受電側共振回路に直列に補助交流駆動電圧Vaを加えて受電側共振回路の共振電流I2を増加あるいは減少させる制御を行う。また、交流駆動電圧電源53の交流の電圧波形を計測する駆動電圧センサ65を設置することもできる。
制御演算手段60は、受電コイル電流制御回路50の交流駆動電圧電源53の交流の周波数を交流周波数制御信号sig2で制御する。また、制御演算手段60は、制御演算手段60は、交流電圧センサ62が検出する交流電圧を受電コイル2に誘導する交流の誘導電圧と等しいとみなして、交流電圧センサ62が検出した交流電圧の値が最大になるタイミングに、補助交流駆動電圧Vaの電圧値を最大にするようにタイミングを合わせるように補助交流駆動電圧Vaの位相を制御して同期させる。
制御演算手段60は、共振電流I2の電流波形を共振電流センサ61で測定し、測定した共振電流I2の振幅の値が目標値に達した場合は、スイッチ開閉制御信号sig1で半導体スイッチング素子52を切ることで受電側共振回路への補助交流駆動電圧Vaの印加を停止して共振電流I2を目標値に維持する。
2 受電コイル、
10 送電回路、
20 受電回路、
30 電源回路、
40 負荷回路、
41 整流回路、
42 負荷、
50 受電コイル電流制御回路、
51 直流駆動電圧電源、
52 半導体スイッチング素子、
53 交流駆動電圧電源、
60 制御演算手段、
61 共振電流センサ、
62 交流電圧センサ、
63 充電電流センサ、
64 充電電圧センサ、
65 駆動電圧センサ、
70 蓄電装置、
80 直流電圧変換回路(DC/DCコンバータ)、
C1 送電回路の共振回路の共振用容量、
C2 受電回路の共振回路の共振用容量、
C4 変圧回路の2次側共振用容量、
h コイル間隔、
I1 送電コイルに流れる共振電流、
I2 受電コイルに流れる共振電流、
L1 送電コイルの自己インダクタンス、
L2 受電コイルの自己インダクタンス、
L3 変圧回路の1次コイル、
L4 変圧回路の2次コイル、
M、Mt 相互インダクタンス、
P1 送電回路の共振回路のポート1、
P2 受電回路の共振回路のポート2、
sig1 スイッチ開閉制御信号、
sig2 交流周波数制御信号、
Va 補助交流駆動電圧、
Vp パルス電圧
Claims (1)
- 交流電流で磁界を発生させる送電コイルと、劾送電コイルの電磁誘導により誘導電圧を発生する受電コイルを有し、劾受電コイルに共振用容量を接続して構成した共振回路を有し、前記共振回路に流れる共振電流を目標値に合わせる制御を行う制御演算手段を有し、前記制御演算手段に制御されて前記共振回路に電力を加えて前記共振電流を増す受電コイル電流制御回路を有し、前記共振回路から電力を受電する負荷回路を有し、前記受電コイル電流制御回路が、前記共振回路に加える電力を前記負荷回路から供給されて動作することを特徴とする無線電力伝送システム。
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