WO2017076309A1 - 一种封闭气孔无机泡沫材料的制备方法 - Google Patents

一种封闭气孔无机泡沫材料的制备方法 Download PDF

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WO2017076309A1
WO2017076309A1 PCT/CN2016/104460 CN2016104460W WO2017076309A1 WO 2017076309 A1 WO2017076309 A1 WO 2017076309A1 CN 2016104460 W CN2016104460 W CN 2016104460W WO 2017076309 A1 WO2017076309 A1 WO 2017076309A1
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foam material
inorganic foam
closed
preparing
sludge
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PCT/CN2016/104460
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English (en)
French (fr)
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洪哲学
郑仁京
尹升大
吴光雄
金美玉
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洪哲学
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Publication of WO2017076309A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017076309A1/zh

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B38/00—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
    • Y02P40/60—Production of ceramic materials or ceramic elements, e.g. substitution of clay or shale by alternative raw materials, e.g. ashes

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  • the invention relates to a preparation method of a closed pore inorganic foam material, and belongs to the field of preparation methods of inorganic foam materials.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for preparing a closed-cell inorganic foam material, which overcomes the defects of high cost and complicated manufacturing process for preparing inorganic foam materials in the prior art.
  • a method for preparing a closed-cell inorganic foam material comprising the following steps: Step 1), drying and pulverizing the marl into a powder of less than 1 mm, wherein the marl is The content of silicon oxide is 50% to 55% by weight;
  • Step 2) adding sludge to the powder prepared in the step 1), adding water to the moisture content of the mixture to 25 to 35%, and continuously stirring until uniformly mixed;
  • Step 3 adding the mixture prepared in the step 2) to the mold of the model, and drying after compression molding;
  • Step 4 the dried molded product is placed in a furnace and fired, and then baked.
  • the invention has the beneficial effects that the material used in the invention is an inorganic foam material prepared from marl and sludge, the raw material is easy to obtain at a low cost, the process is simple, the processing is easy, and the cost is remarkably reduced.
  • the present invention can also be improved as follows.
  • the utility model relates to a method for preparing a closed pore inorganic foam material as described above. Further, the sludge addition amount in the step 2) is 1 to 10% of the weight of the marl rock.
  • the invention adopts sludge as a foam forming material, and the addition amount of the sludge has a significant influence on the porosity, the product volume, the heat conduction and the sound emission, and the addition in the range can satisfy the porosity of 70% to 93%.
  • the utility model has the method for preparing a closed pore inorganic foam material as described above. Further, the sludge addition amount in the step 2) is 1 to 3% of the weight of the marl rock.
  • the porosity can reach 93%
  • the thermal conductivity is 0.07 w/m 2
  • the volume mass measurement value is 250 kg/m 3
  • the manufactured foam product has high porosity, small volume mass, and high heat preservation effect. It is suitable for exterior wall insulation materials, and can also have waterproof, anti-corrosion and other functions.
  • the utility model has the method for preparing a closed pore inorganic foam material as described above. Further, the content of the silica in the marl rock in the step 1) is 52.8% by weight.
  • the utility model has the method for preparing a closed-cell inorganic foam material as described above, and further, the mixture has a moisture content of 30% in the step 2).
  • the utility model relates to a method for preparing a closed-cell inorganic foam material as described above. Further, in the step of firing in the furnace in step 4), the temperature in the furnace is raised from 50 ° C to 1100 ° C to 1150 ° C, and the temperature is raised to the range. Maintain for 15 to 20 minutes.
  • the utility model has the method for preparing a closed pore inorganic foam material as described above, and further, the dry matter content of the sludge is 3% to 10%.
  • the utility model has the method for preparing a closed pore inorganic foam material as described above, and further, the dry matter content of the sludge is 8%.
  • the foam product provided by the invention is produced by using sludge and coal gangue discarded from coal mines.
  • the obtained peat rock is the basic raw material, and the sludge is selected from the sludges such as rivers, rice fields and sewer pipes, and the multifunctional inorganic foam products with low production cost are produced by the parameters of the preparation method, and the manufacturing process is very simple and convenient for large-scale. produce.
  • the foam product produced by the above method can form independent pores, so it has the functions of anti-moisture, waterproof, heat preservation, fireproof and soundproofing, and has the functions of anti-oxidation, alkali, anti-corrosion and corrosive gas, and has high mechanical strength.
  • the dried peat rock that is, coal ash (the content of sio 2 is 52.8%, that is, sio 2 as a main component, and also contains Al 2 O 3 , Cao, Mgo, Fe 2 O 3 ) is pulverized into particles by a pulverizer.
  • a pulverizer For the powder of 1 mm or less, the powder is placed in a mixer, and 1.8% of the sludge having a mass of the raw material is added, and the dry matter content of the sludge is 8%, and then water is added until the water reaches 30% with stirring.
  • the foam product produced in Example 1 has high porosity, small volume, high heat preservation effect and small mechanical strength, and is suitable for external wall insulation.
  • the size of the pores of the closed-cell inorganic foam material changes the heat conduction, the pressure, and the sound insulation, but the water absorption rate does not change; since the pores are closed and have a waterproof function, the water absorption rate does not change.
  • the dried peat rock that is, coal ash (the content of sio 2 was 52.8%) was pulverized by a pulverizer into a powder having a particle size of 1 mm or less. These powders were placed in a mixer, and 2% of the sludge of the raw material amount (dry matter content of 8%) was added, and then water was added thereto with stirring until the water content reached 30%, and the stirring time was about 20 minutes.
  • the mixture is placed in a model machine of size 3000X 1000X 300cm, naturally dried, and then placed in the furnace. The temperature in the furnace is gradually increased from 50 °C to 1150 degrees. This temperature lasts for 15 minutes. After firing, the temperature is increased. Cool and dry. At this time, the technical characteristics of the foamed product are shown in Table 2.
  • the foam product produced in Example 2 has a high porosity, a small volume, and a high heat preservation effect. However, since the porosity is high and the mechanical strength is small, it can be suitably used as a roof of a building. External wall insulation, waterproof, etc.
  • the dried peatite having a sio 2 content of 52.8% is pulverized into a powder having a particle size of 1 mm or less by a pulverizer, and these powders are placed in a mixer, and then 3% by mass of sludge having a mass of the raw material is added.
  • the dry matter content was 8%, and the particle content of the particles having a particle size of 1 mm or less: 8%), and then water was added thereto with stirring until the water content reached 30%, and the mixture was uniformly stirred.
  • the mixture is placed in a model machine of size 3000X 1000X300cm, naturally dried, and then placed in the furnace. The temperature in the furnace is gradually increased from 50 °C to 1150 degrees. This temperature lasts for 20 minutes and is cooled after firing. dry. At this time, the technical characteristics of the dried foam products are shown in Table 3.
  • Example 3 It can be seen from Table 3 that the foam product produced in Example 3 is suitable as a building material for a wall or a ceiling because of its volumetric mass, thermal conductivity, and mechanical strength as compared with Example 1.
  • the dried peatite having a sio 2 content of 52.8% is pulverized into a powder having a particle size of 1 mm or less by a pulverizer. These powders are placed in a mixer, and 10% of the sludge having a mass of the raw material is added. The dry matter content was 8%, and the particle content of the particles having a particle size of 1 mm or less: 8%), and then water was added thereto with stirring until the water content reached 30%, and the mixture was uniformly stirred.
  • the mixture is placed in a model machine of size 3000X 1000X300cm, naturally dried, and then placed in the furnace. The temperature in the furnace is gradually increased from 50 °C to 1150 degrees. This temperature lasts for 20 minutes and is cooled after firing. dry. At this time, the technical characteristics of the dried foam products are shown in Table 3.
  • the foamed product produced in accordance with Example 4 is suitable as a building material such as road color bricks and prefabricated panels because of its volumetric mass, thermal conductivity, and mechanical strength as compared with Example 3.
  • the product obtained in Examples 1 to 4 had a 50-time dynamic and thermal mass loss of 0, indicating that it has a good function of resisting oxygen, alkali, corrosion, and corrosive gases.
  • the thermal conductivity of the products obtained in different examples is 0.07w/cm.°C and the strength is 5MPa. It is suitable for outdoor wall, roof insulation, waterproof, anti-corrosion and other functions. With the change of porosity, volume quality, thermal conductivity, Pressure, soundness, etc. vary. The increase in mechanical strength is suitable for the laying of load-bearing walls and sidewalks.
  • the foam addition rate can be arbitrarily adjusted to produce the desired product.
  • the above is a specific preferred embodiment for use, and the amount of different parameters forming the foam product can be adjusted according to the required use purpose, so that foam products of various functions can be produced, and various kinds of foam products can be produced. Form and size to form and burn or cut off.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Porous Artificial Stone Or Porous Ceramic Products (AREA)

Abstract

一种封闭气孔无机泡沫材料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：步骤1)，将泥炭岩干燥粉碎成1毫米以下的粉末，泥炭岩中二氧化硅的重量百分比含量50％～55％；步骤2)，向步骤1)制备的粉末中添加污泥，再加入水至混合物水分含量至25～35％，连续搅拌至均匀混合的状态；步骤3)，将步骤2)制的混合物加入至模型模具中压缩成型后烘干；步骤4)，将烘干后的成型品放入炉内烧制后出炉。

Description

一种封闭气孔无机泡沫材料的制备方法 技术领域
本发明涉及一种封闭气孔无机泡沫材料的制备方法，属于无机泡沫材料制备方法领域。
背景技术
目前由多孔性无定形泡沫构成的产品，具有保温，隔音，防火效果的建筑材料，其市场需求价值庞大。国际专利wo93/01148公开了一种利用水泥、集成岩、水、非离子表面活化剂和阴离子表面活化剂来形成泡沫产品的方法；而商业上广泛利用的泡沫油发泡率是在分解率上加进烟子或者无烟煤、石灰石、大理石作为添加剂来生产的，上述方法制备的无机质泡沫产品虽均具有防水、防湿、保温、防火、隔音效果，然而，因为以水泥分解率等为主原料的基础上添加各种添加剂来完成产品，所以，成本比较高，制造工程复杂。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供一种封闭气孔无机泡沫材料的制备方法，克服现有技术中制备无机泡沫材料成本高且制造工艺复杂的缺陷。
本发明解决上述技术问题的技术方案如下：一种封闭气孔无机泡沫材料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：步骤1)，将泥灰岩干燥粉碎成1毫米以下的粉末，所述泥灰岩中二氧化硅的重量百分比含量50％～55％；
步骤2)，向步骤1)制备的粉末中添加污泥，再加入水至混合物水分含量至25～35％，连续搅拌至均匀混合的状态；
步骤3)，将步骤2)制的混合物加入至模型模具中压缩成型后烘干；
步骤4)，将烘干后的成型品放入炉内烧制后出炉。
本发明的有益效果是：本发明使用的材料为泥灰岩和污泥制备无机泡沫材料，原料廉价获取容易，工艺简单，加工容易，显著降低成本。
在上述技术方案的基础上，本发明还可以做如下改进。
本实用新型如上所述一种封闭气孔无机泡沫材料的制备方法,进一步，步骤2)中所述污泥添加量为所述泥灰岩重量的1～10％。
本发明采用污泥作为泡沫成形成材料，污泥的添加量对气孔率和产品体积、热传导及放声度具有显著的影响，在该范围内添加可以满足气孔率为70％～93％。
本实用新型如上所述一种封闭气孔无机泡沫材料的制备方法,进一步，步骤2)中所述污泥添加量为所述泥灰岩重量的1～3％。
采用上述进一步方案的有益效果是：气孔率可以达到93％、热传导度为0.07w/m2、体积质量测定值为250kg/m3,制造的泡沫产品气孔率高，体积质量小，保温效果高，适合为外墙保温材料，同时还可以具有防水、防腐等功能。
本实用新型如上所述一种封闭气孔无机泡沫材料的制备方法,进一步，步骤1)中所述泥灰岩中二氧化硅的重量百分比含量52.8％。
本实用新型如上所述一种封闭气孔无机泡沫材料的制备方法,进一步，步骤2)中所述混合物水分含量30％。
本实用新型如上所述一种封闭气孔无机泡沫材料的制备方法,进一步，步骤4)所述炉内烧制过程中，炉内温度从50℃升至1100℃～1150℃，升温至该范围后维持15至20分钟。
本实用新型如上所述一种封闭气孔无机泡沫材料的制备方法,进一步，所述污泥干物质含量为3％～10％。
本实用新型如上所述一种封闭气孔无机泡沫材料的制备方法,进一步，所述污泥干物质含量为8％。
本发明提供的泡沫产品的生产方法是把污泥和从煤矿废弃的煤矸石中 获得的泥炭岩为基本原料，污泥为选择河流、稻田、下水管道等污泥，通过制备方法的参数选择生产出生产成本价低的多功能无机泡沫产品，制造工艺非常简单，便于大规模的生产。
上述方法生产的泡沫产品生可以形成了独立气孔，所以具有防湿、防水、保温、防火、隔音效果的同时具有抗氧、碱、防腐、腐蚀性气体的功能，而且，机械性强度大。
具体实施方式
结合以下实施例对本发明的原理和特征进行描述，所举实例只用于解释本发明，并非用于限定本发明的范围。
实施例1
把烘干的泥炭岩，即煤炭灰(sio2的含量为52.8％，即以sio2为主成分，还含有Al2O3,Cao,Mgo,Fe2O3)用粉碎机粉碎成粒子为1mm以下的粉末，将粉末放入到混合机里，再添加质量为原料量的1.8％的污泥，所述污泥干物质含量为8％，然后边搅拌边加水直到水分达到30％为止，搅拌时间大约30分钟，把混合物放入到大小3000X 1000X 300cm的模型机器里成型，自然干燥后，再放入到炉里，炉内温度从50℃起，慢慢提升到1150度，这个温度持续15分钟，烧成后凉干。此时，被凉干的泡沫产品的技术特性指标见表1。
表1：实施例1方法制备的封闭气孔无机泡沫材料的性能参数
指标 单位 测定值
体积质量 kg/m3 250
热传导度 w/m2.℃ 0.07
气孔率 ％ 93
压力大小 Mpa 4～5
隔音度 dB 59
吸水率 ％ 0.14
从表1可以看出实施例1制造的泡沫产品气孔率高，体积质量小，保温效果高，机械强度较小，适合为外墙保温。
封闭气孔无机泡沫材料的气孔的大小改变热传导、压力大小、隔音度，但是吸水率不会改变；因为气孔是封闭状态，具有防水功能，所以吸水率是不会改变的。
实施例2
把烘干的泥炭岩，即煤炭灰(sio2的含量为52.8％)用粉碎机粉碎成粒子为1mm以下的粉末。把这些粉末放入到混合机里，再添加质量为原料量的2％的污泥(干物质含量为8％)，然后边搅拌边加水直到水分达到30％为止，搅拌时间大约20分钟。把混合物放入到大小3000X 1000X 300cm的模型机器里成型，自然干燥后，再放入到炉里，炉内温度从50℃起，慢慢提升到1150度，这个温度持续15分钟，烧成后凉干。此时，被凉干的泡沫产品的技术特性指标表2。
表2：实施例2方法制备的无机泡沫材料的性能参数
指标 单位 测定值
体积质量 kg/m3 270
热传导度 w/m2.℃ 0.083
气孔率 ％ 90
压力大小 Mpa 6.2
隔音度 dB 54
吸水率 ％ 0.14
从表2可以看出实施例2制造的泡沫产品气孔率高，体积质量小，保温效果高，不过，由于气孔率高，机械性的强度变小，所以，可适合作为建筑物的楼顶、外墙保温、防水等。
实施例3
被干燥的(sio2的含量为52.8％的泥炭岩，用粉碎机粉碎成粒子为1mm以下的粉末。把这些粉末放入到混合机里，再添加质量为原料量的3％的污泥,干物质含量为8％，粒子大小为1mm以下的粒子含量:8％)，然后边搅拌边加水直到水分达到30％，均匀地搅拌为止。把混合物放入到大小3000X 1000X300cm的模型机器里成型，自然干燥后，再放入到炉里，炉内温度从50℃起，慢慢提升到1150度，这个温度持续20分钟，烧成后凉干。此时，被凉干的泡沫产品的技术特性指标见表3。
表3：实施例3方法制备的无机泡沫材料的性能参数
指标 单位 测定值
体积质量 kg/m3 320
热传导度 w/cm.℃ 0.14
气孔率 ％ 80
压力大小 Mpa 7～10
隔音度 dB 35
吸水率 ％ 0.14
从表3可以看出实施例3制造的泡沫产品跟实施例1相比，因其体积质量，热传导度、机械性强度提高而适合作为墙壁或天棚的建筑材料。
实施例4
被干燥的(sio2的含量为52.8％的泥炭岩，用粉碎机粉碎成粒子为1mm以下的粉末。把这些粉末放入到混合机里，再添加质量为原料量的10％的污泥,干物质含量为8％，粒子大小为1mm以下的粒子含量:8％)，然后边搅拌边加水直到水分达到30％，均匀地搅拌为止。把混合物放入到大小3000X 1000X300cm的模型机器里成型，自然干燥后，再放入到炉里，炉内温度从50℃起，慢慢提升到1150度，这个温度持续20分钟，烧成后凉干。此时，被凉干的泡沫产品的技术特性指标见表3。
表4：实施例4方法制备的无机泡沫材料的性能参数
指标 单位 测定值
体积质量 kg/m3 537
热传导度 w/cm.℃ 0.18
气孔率 ％ 75
压力大小 Mpa 15
隔音度 dB 30
吸水率 ％ 0.14
按照实施例4制造的泡沫产品跟实施例3相比，因其体积质量，热传导度、机械性强度提高而适合作为马路彩砖和预制板等建筑材料。
实施例1至实施例4获得的产品50次动融质量损失为0，说明具有较好的抗氧、碱、防腐、腐蚀性气体的功能。
不同实施例获得的产品的热传导度在0.07w/cm.℃时强度在5MPa时，适用于屋外墙体、屋顶保温、防水、防腐等功能，随着气孔率的变化，体积质量、热传导度、压力大小、隔音度等都有变化。机械强度提高适用于承重墙和人行道路的铺设等。
随着作为泡沫形成材料的污泥的添加量的增大，其气孔率也增大，而生产出来的体积就缩小，压力程度，热传导，放声度也逐渐变小。因此，可以任意调整泡沫添加率来生产所需产品。
上述为用于用途的具体优选实施例，也可以按照所要求的使用目的不同，可调整形成泡沫产品的的不同参数的用量，从而可生产各种不同功能的泡沫产品，并且，可以按照各种形态和大小来成型及烧成或截断。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (8)

  1. 一种封闭气孔无机泡沫材料的制备方法,其特征在于，包括以下步骤：步骤1)，将泥炭岩干燥粉碎成1毫米以下的粉末，所述泥灰岩中二氧化硅的重量百分比含量50％～55％；
    步骤2)，向步骤1)制备的粉末中添加污泥，再加入水至混合物水分含量至25～35％，连续搅拌至均匀混合的状态；
    步骤3)，将步骤2)制的混合物加入至模型模具中压缩成型后烘干；
    步骤4)，将烘干后的成型品放入炉内烧制后出炉。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述一种封闭气孔无机泡沫材料的制备方法,其特征在于，步骤2)中所述污泥添加量为所述泥灰岩重量的1～10％。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述一种封闭气孔无机泡沫材料的制备方法,其特征在于，步骤2)中所述污泥添加量为所述泥灰岩重量的1～3％。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述一种封闭气孔无机泡沫材料的制备方法,其特征在于，步骤1)中所述泥灰岩中二氧化硅的重量百分比含量52.8％。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述一种封闭气孔无机泡沫材料的制备方法,其特征在于，步骤2)中所述混合物水分含量30％。
  6. 根据权利要求1至5任一项所述一种封闭气孔无机泡沫材料的制备方法,其特征在于，步骤4)所述炉内烧制过程中，炉内温度从50℃升至1100℃～1150℃，升温至该范围后维持15至20分钟。
  7. 根据权利要求1至5任一项所述一种封闭气孔无机泡沫材料的制备方法,其特征在于，所述污泥干物质含量为3％～10％。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述一种封闭气孔无机泡沫材料的制备方法,其特征在于，所述污泥干物质含量为8％。
PCT/CN2016/104460 2015-11-03 2016-11-03 一种封闭气孔无机泡沫材料的制备方法 WO2017076309A1 (zh)

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