WO2017069051A1 - 単結晶ダイヤモンド、これを用いた工具及び単結晶ダイヤモンドの製造方法 - Google Patents
単結晶ダイヤモンド、これを用いた工具及び単結晶ダイヤモンドの製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2017069051A1 WO2017069051A1 PCT/JP2016/080499 JP2016080499W WO2017069051A1 WO 2017069051 A1 WO2017069051 A1 WO 2017069051A1 JP 2016080499 W JP2016080499 W JP 2016080499W WO 2017069051 A1 WO2017069051 A1 WO 2017069051A1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C3/00—Profiling tools for metal drawing; Combinations of dies and mandrels
- B21C3/02—Dies; Selection of material therefor; Cleaning thereof
- B21C3/025—Dies; Selection of material therefor; Cleaning thereof comprising diamond parts
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C3/00—Profiling tools for metal drawing; Combinations of dies and mandrels
- B21C3/02—Dies; Selection of material therefor; Cleaning thereof
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B27/00—Tools for turning or boring machines; Tools of a similar kind in general; Accessories therefor
- B23B27/14—Cutting tools of which the bits or tips or cutting inserts are of special material
- B23B27/18—Cutting tools of which the bits or tips or cutting inserts are of special material with cutting bits or tips or cutting inserts rigidly mounted, e.g. by brazing
- B23B27/20—Cutting tools of which the bits or tips or cutting inserts are of special material with cutting bits or tips or cutting inserts rigidly mounted, e.g. by brazing with diamond bits or cutting inserts
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/01—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes on temporary substrates, e.g. substrates subsequently removed by etching
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/22—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the deposition of inorganic material, other than metallic material
- C23C16/26—Deposition of carbon only
- C23C16/27—Diamond only
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/22—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the deposition of inorganic material, other than metallic material
- C23C16/26—Deposition of carbon only
- C23C16/27—Diamond only
- C23C16/278—Diamond only doping or introduction of a secondary phase in the diamond
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/22—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the deposition of inorganic material, other than metallic material
- C23C16/26—Deposition of carbon only
- C23C16/27—Diamond only
- C23C16/279—Diamond only control of diamond crystallography
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/56—After-treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C30—CRYSTAL GROWTH
- C30B—SINGLE-CRYSTAL GROWTH; UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION OF EUTECTIC MATERIAL OR UNIDIRECTIONAL DEMIXING OF EUTECTOID MATERIAL; REFINING BY ZONE-MELTING OF MATERIAL; PRODUCTION OF A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; SINGLE CRYSTALS OR HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; AFTER-TREATMENT OF SINGLE CRYSTALS OR A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C30B25/00—Single-crystal growth by chemical reaction of reactive gases, e.g. chemical vapour-deposition growth
- C30B25/02—Epitaxial-layer growth
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C30—CRYSTAL GROWTH
- C30B—SINGLE-CRYSTAL GROWTH; UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION OF EUTECTIC MATERIAL OR UNIDIRECTIONAL DEMIXING OF EUTECTOID MATERIAL; REFINING BY ZONE-MELTING OF MATERIAL; PRODUCTION OF A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; SINGLE CRYSTALS OR HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; AFTER-TREATMENT OF SINGLE CRYSTALS OR A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C30B25/00—Single-crystal growth by chemical reaction of reactive gases, e.g. chemical vapour-deposition growth
- C30B25/02—Epitaxial-layer growth
- C30B25/16—Controlling or regulating
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C30—CRYSTAL GROWTH
- C30B—SINGLE-CRYSTAL GROWTH; UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION OF EUTECTIC MATERIAL OR UNIDIRECTIONAL DEMIXING OF EUTECTOID MATERIAL; REFINING BY ZONE-MELTING OF MATERIAL; PRODUCTION OF A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; SINGLE CRYSTALS OR HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; AFTER-TREATMENT OF SINGLE CRYSTALS OR A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C30B25/00—Single-crystal growth by chemical reaction of reactive gases, e.g. chemical vapour-deposition growth
- C30B25/02—Epitaxial-layer growth
- C30B25/16—Controlling or regulating
- C30B25/165—Controlling or regulating the flow of the reactive gases
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C30—CRYSTAL GROWTH
- C30B—SINGLE-CRYSTAL GROWTH; UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION OF EUTECTIC MATERIAL OR UNIDIRECTIONAL DEMIXING OF EUTECTOID MATERIAL; REFINING BY ZONE-MELTING OF MATERIAL; PRODUCTION OF A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; SINGLE CRYSTALS OR HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; AFTER-TREATMENT OF SINGLE CRYSTALS OR A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C30B29/00—Single crystals or homogeneous polycrystalline material with defined structure characterised by the material or by their shape
- C30B29/02—Elements
- C30B29/04—Diamond
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C30—CRYSTAL GROWTH
- C30B—SINGLE-CRYSTAL GROWTH; UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION OF EUTECTIC MATERIAL OR UNIDIRECTIONAL DEMIXING OF EUTECTOID MATERIAL; REFINING BY ZONE-MELTING OF MATERIAL; PRODUCTION OF A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; SINGLE CRYSTALS OR HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; AFTER-TREATMENT OF SINGLE CRYSTALS OR A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C30B31/00—Diffusion or doping processes for single crystals or homogeneous polycrystalline material with defined structure; Apparatus therefor
- C30B31/20—Doping by irradiation with electromagnetic waves or by particle radiation
- C30B31/22—Doping by irradiation with electromagnetic waves or by particle radiation by ion-implantation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C30—CRYSTAL GROWTH
- C30B—SINGLE-CRYSTAL GROWTH; UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION OF EUTECTIC MATERIAL OR UNIDIRECTIONAL DEMIXING OF EUTECTOID MATERIAL; REFINING BY ZONE-MELTING OF MATERIAL; PRODUCTION OF A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; SINGLE CRYSTALS OR HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; AFTER-TREATMENT OF SINGLE CRYSTALS OR A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C30B33/00—After-treatment of single crystals or homogeneous polycrystalline material with defined structure
Definitions
- the present invention relates to single crystal diamond, a tool using the same, and a method for producing single crystal diamond.
- This application claims priority based on Japanese Patent Application No. 2015-205482, which is a Japanese patent application filed on October 19, 2015. All the descriptions described in the Japanese patent application are incorporated herein by reference.
- Single crystal diamond has excellent performance such as high hardness, high thermal conductivity, and high light transmission, so various products such as cutting tools, grinding tools, anti-wear tools, optical components, semiconductors, electronic components, etc. (Hereinafter also referred to as “diamond products”). Examples of the single crystal diamond used in such a diamond product include natural diamond and synthetic diamond. Natural diamonds vary widely in quality and supply is not stable, so synthetic diamonds are also used today.
- HPHT high temperature high pressure synthesis method
- CVD chemical vapor deposition
- a hot filament CVD (Chemical Vapor Deposition) method a microwave excitation plasma CVD method
- a DC plasma CVD method a chemical vapor deposition method
- single crystal diamond can be obtained by growing single crystal diamond (epitaxial growth layer) on the surface of the substrate and then separating the substrate and single crystal diamond.
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2013-35723
- at least one layered conductive layer obtained by a vapor phase synthesis method is formed substantially parallel to the main surface, and the conductive layer is insulated.
- a single crystal diamond which is formed inside a single crystal diamond and the conductive layer penetrates to the side surface of the single crystal diamond and a tool using the same.
- a single crystal diamond according to one embodiment of the present invention is a single crystal diamond that includes a pair of opposing main surfaces, and the impurity concentration of the main surface varies along a first direction.
- a tool according to an aspect of the present invention is a tool including the single crystal diamond of (1) above.
- a method for producing a single crystal diamond according to one embodiment of the present invention is the method for producing a single crystal diamond according to (1) above, wherein the impurity concentration changes along the crystal growth direction by a vapor phase synthesis method.
- a method for producing single crystal diamond comprising: obtaining a synthetic single crystal diamond; and cutting the synthetic single crystal diamond in a direction in which the impurity concentration changes.
- FIG. 1A is a plan view of single-crystal diamond in Embodiment 1.
- FIG. 1B is a perspective view of single crystal diamond in the first exemplary embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is a graph showing the impurity concentration in the main surface of the single crystal diamond of FIGS. 1A and 1B.
- FIG. 3A is an example of the method for producing single-crystal diamond according to Embodiment 1, and is a diagram illustrating one process thereof.
- FIG. 3B is an example of the method for producing single-crystal diamond of Embodiment 1, and is a diagram showing a process different from the above.
- FIG. 3C is an example of the method for producing single-crystal diamond of Embodiment 1, and is a diagram showing a process different from the above.
- FIG. 3A is a plan view of single-crystal diamond in Embodiment 1.
- FIG. 1B is a perspective view of single crystal diamond in the first exemplary embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is a graph showing the im
- FIG. 4A is a plan view of single crystal diamond in the second exemplary embodiment.
- FIG. 4B is a perspective view of the single crystal diamond in the second exemplary embodiment.
- FIG. 5 is a graph showing the impurity concentration in the main surface of the single crystal diamond of FIGS. 4A and 4B.
- FIG. 6A is an example of the method for producing single-crystal diamond of Embodiment 2, and is a diagram showing one step thereof.
- FIG. 6B is an example of the method for producing single-crystal diamond of Embodiment 2, and is a diagram showing a process different from the above.
- FIG. 6C is an example of the method for producing single-crystal diamond of Embodiment 2, and is a diagram showing a step different from the above.
- FIG. 6A is an example of the method for producing single-crystal diamond of Embodiment 2, and is a diagram showing one step thereof.
- FIG. 6B is an example of the method for producing single-crystal diamond of Embodiment
- FIG. 7A is a diagram illustrating a cutting tool according to the third embodiment.
- FIG. 7B is a diagram for explaining the cutting bit according to the third embodiment after cutting the work material 5.
- FIG. 7C is a diagram for explaining the cutting tool according to Embodiment 3 in which the angle of the flank 9 with respect to the rake face 8 is 55 ° or greater and 90 ° or less.
- FIG. 7D is a top view of the cutting tool according to the third embodiment.
- FIG. 8A is a diagram illustrating a cutting tool according to the fourth embodiment.
- FIG. 8B is a diagram for explaining the cutting bit according to the fourth embodiment after cutting the work material 5.
- FIG. 8A is a diagram illustrating a cutting tool according to the fourth embodiment.
- FIG. 8B is a diagram for explaining the cutting bit according to the fourth embodiment after cutting the work material 5.
- FIG. 8C is a diagram for explaining the cutting tool according to the fourth embodiment in which the angle of the flank 9 with respect to the rake face 8 is 55 ° or more and 90 ° or less.
- FIG. 8D is a top view of the cutting tool according to the fourth embodiment.
- FIG. 9A is a diagram for explaining a drawing die according to the fifth embodiment.
- FIG. 9B is a diagram illustrating the wire drawing die of the fifth embodiment after being used for wire drawing.
- FIG. 9C is a diagram for explaining a drawing die of the fifth embodiment in which a region having an impurity concentration [1] and a region having an impurity concentration [2] are shown.
- FIG. 10A is an example of a method for producing single-crystal diamond in samples 50, 51, 60, and 61, and is a diagram showing one process thereof.
- FIG. 10B is an example of a method for producing single-crystal diamond in samples 50, 51, 60, 61, and is a diagram showing a process different from the above.
- a boron doped layer or an ion implanted layer is formed as a conductive layer in single crystal diamond.
- the side surface on which the conductive layer capable of electrical contact with the external member of the single crystal diamond is exposed is arranged to be the flank of the tool. Since the single crystal diamond layer and the conductive layer have different impurity concentrations, the crystallinity is different, and thus the hardness and wear rate are also different. Therefore, the tool using the single crystal diamond has a problem that the flank surface is unevenly worn with use, so that the work material is damaged and the work surface of the work material is not uniform.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a single crystal diamond in which uneven wear of the tool is suppressed when used as a tool material, a tool using the same, and a method for producing the single crystal diamond.
- the single crystal diamond according to one embodiment of the present invention is a single crystal diamond having a pair of main surfaces facing each other, the impurity concentration of the main surface changing along a first direction.
- the impurity concentration is substantially uniform on the main surface along a second direction orthogonal to the first direction.
- the substantially uniform impurity concentration means that the concentration range is within a range of ⁇ 20% to + 20% from the average value. According to this, when used as a tool material, it is possible to obtain a single crystal diamond capable of effectively suppressing uneven wear of the tool.
- the first direction and the second direction have different crystal orientations. According to this, when used as a tool material, it is possible to obtain a single crystal diamond capable of effectively suppressing uneven wear of the tool. Among them, it is more preferable that the direction with the largest wear rate or the direction with the smallest wear rate coincides with the first direction among the orientations in the main surface. Furthermore, it is preferable that the direction with the largest wear rate and the direction with the smallest wear rate are orthogonal among the orientations in the main surface, and any one of them coincides with the first direction.
- the impurity concentration is preferably 10 ppb or more and 10,000 ppm or less.
- the impurity concentration is less than 10 ppb, cracks are likely to propagate, a sufficient crack propagation suppressing effect cannot be obtained, and the fracture resistance is lowered.
- the impurity concentration exceeds 10,000 ppm, the wear resistance is remarkably lowered.
- the impurity concentration has periodicity along the first direction, and the distance of one period on the main surface is 0.1 ⁇ m or more and 1000 ⁇ m or less. According to this, a single crystal diamond having improved wear resistance and fracture resistance in a well-balanced manner can be obtained.
- the periodicity indicates that a layer having a high impurity concentration and a layer having a low impurity concentration are repeated, and is not a limitation that the lengths of the respective periods are all constant. For example, the length of the period may change in the middle of a plurality of consecutive periods.
- the periodicity may be based not on the end portion of the main surface but on the inner side with a predetermined interval from the end portion, or on the inner side with a predetermined interval from the end portion.
- the impurity concentration only needs to have periodicity in at least a portion along the first direction on the main surface. This is because a suitable pattern varies depending on the use of single crystal diamond.
- each period is the same length, and a layer having a high impurity concentration and a layer having a low concentration are repeated at the same interval.
- each period has the same length means “impurity concentration reaches a predetermined high concentration again from a predetermined high concentration location through a low concentration location along the first direction. It means that “one cycle” corresponding to “distance to” is the same length.
- the same interval between the high-concentration layer and the low-concentration layer means that the width of the high-concentration layer and the low-concentration layer have the same length along the first direction. It means that. According to this, single crystal diamond can be suitably applied to various uses. It is preferable that the impurity concentration does not change sharply at the boundary between the high impurity concentration layer and the low impurity concentration layer. This is because the tool performance is superior when the wear rate does not change sharply in the applied tool.
- the impurity concentration preferably has central symmetry along the first direction. According to this, single crystal diamond can be suitably applied to various uses.
- the single crystal diamond has an ion implantation layer on a side surface along the second direction. According to this, it is possible to obtain single crystal diamond having a reduced impurity concentration with the distance from the ion implantation layer.
- the angle of the side surface with respect to the main surface is preferably 55 ° or more and 125 ° or less.
- the impurity concentration on the side surface can be made substantially uniform.
- the substantially uniform impurity concentration means that the concentration range is within a range of ⁇ 20% to + 20% from the average value.
- the impurity includes at least one element selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, boron, aluminum, silicon, phosphorus, and sulfur.
- the crystallinity of the single crystal diamond is changed, the propagation of cracks can be suppressed, and the fracture resistance is improved.
- a tool according to an aspect of the present invention is a tool including the single crystal diamond according to any one of the above [1] to [9].
- the tool according to one embodiment of the present invention has a well-balanced improvement in wear resistance and fracture resistance, and has an excellent tool life.
- the tool is a cutting bit, and the amount of change in the impurity concentration of the single crystal diamond on the flank face of the cutting bit is smaller than the amount of change in the impurity concentration of the single crystal diamond on the rake face of the cutting bit. It is preferable. According to this, since uneven wear of the cutting tool can be suppressed, the work material can be processed uniformly.
- the tool is a cutting tool, and the rake face of the cutting tool has a relationship in which a difference in wear rate resulting from a difference in surface orientation and a difference in wear rate resulting from a difference in impurity concentration cancel each other. It is preferable. Since the cutting tool is a tool having a curved surface in a cutting part or a wear part, a difference in surface orientation occurs in these parts. Therefore, in these parts, uneven wear usually occurs with the use of the tool. According to one embodiment of the present invention, in these portions, the difference in level of impurity concentration is formed so as to offset the difference in wear rate resulting from the difference in surface orientation, thereby reducing uneven wear. Can do.
- the tool is a drawing die, and a hole is formed through the pair of opposing main surfaces along a direction perpendicular to the main surface of the single crystal diamond. According to this, since uneven wear of the drawing dies can be suppressed, the work material can be processed uniformly.
- the tool is a drawing die, and in a direction parallel to the main surface of the single crystal diamond, there is a difference in wear rate due to a difference in surface orientation and a difference in wear rate due to a difference in impurity concentration. It is preferable to have a canceling relationship. Since the drawing die is a tool having a curved surface at a cutting part or a worn part, a difference in surface orientation occurs at these parts. Therefore, in these parts, uneven wear usually occurs with the use of the tool. According to one embodiment of the present invention, in these portions, the difference in level of impurity concentration is formed so as to offset the difference in wear rate resulting from the difference in surface orientation, thereby reducing uneven wear. Can do.
- a method for producing a single crystal diamond according to an aspect of the present invention is the method for producing a single crystal diamond according to any one of [1] to [9] above, wherein crystal growth is performed by a vapor phase synthesis method.
- a method for producing single crystal diamond comprising: obtaining a single crystal diamond whose impurity concentration changes along a direction; and cutting the single crystal diamond in a direction where the impurity concentration changes.
- single crystal diamond capable of processing a work material more uniformly when used as a tool material can be obtained.
- FIG. 1A, FIG. 1B, and FIG. 1A and 1B are a plan view and a perspective view of a single crystal diamond in Embodiment 1, respectively.
- FIG. 2 is a graph showing the impurity concentration in the main surface of the single crystal diamond of FIGS. 1A and 1B.
- the plan view is a view seen from above the main surface of the single crystal diamond.
- the main surface means the surface having the largest area among the surfaces constituting the surface of the single crystal diamond.
- the single crystal diamond 10 has a pair of main surfaces facing each other.
- the impurity high concentration region 1 extending in a band shape along a second direction (Y axis direction) orthogonal to the first direction (X axis direction), and a band shape along the second direction
- the impurity low-concentration regions 2 extending in the direction are alternately arranged adjacent to each other.
- 1A and 1B show the case where the shape of the single crystal diamond 10 is a rectangular parallelepiped, but the shape of the single crystal diamond 10 is not particularly limited as long as it has a pair of opposing main surfaces. In FIG. 1A and FIG.
- a plurality of high impurity concentration regions 1 and a plurality of low impurity concentration regions 2 are arranged, but the number of each region is not particularly limited as long as they are alternately arranged.
- One high impurity concentration region 1 and one low impurity concentration region 2 may be provided.
- the high impurity concentration region 1 and the low impurity concentration region 2 extending in a strip shape have a length (width) along the first direction (X-axis direction) of 1 ⁇ m or more and 1000 ⁇ m, respectively.
- the following is preferable, and 5 ⁇ m or more and 300 ⁇ m or less is more preferable.
- the range of the length is matched with the curvature of the curved surface formed on the wear surface of the tool using single crystal diamond. Therefore, the tool using such a single crystal diamond can suppress the occurrence of uneven wear rate (uneven wear) due to the difference in surface orientation in a specific portion of the wear surface.
- the width of the high impurity concentration region 1 and the width of the low impurity concentration region 2 may be the same or different.
- FIG. 2 is a graph showing an example of a change in impurity concentration along the first direction (X-axis direction) on the main surface of the single crystal diamond 10 of FIGS. 1A and 1B.
- the distance along the first direction means the distance along the first direction from the left side surface along the second direction of the single crystal diamond 10 of FIGS. 1A and 1B.
- the impurity concentration changes along the first direction on the main surface. Specifically, along the first direction, regions where the impurity concentration is higher than the predetermined concentration P1 and regions where the impurity concentration is lower appear alternately with a certain periodicity.
- FIG. 2 is a graph showing an example of a change in impurity concentration along the first direction (X-axis direction) on the main surface of the single crystal diamond 10 of FIGS. 1A and 1B.
- the distance along the first direction means the distance along the first direction from the left side surface along the second direction of the single crystal diamond 10 of FIGS. 1A and 1B.
- the impurity concentration changes along the first
- the region where the impurity concentration is equal to or higher than the predetermined concentration P1 corresponds to the high impurity concentration region 1 in FIGS. 1A and 1B, and the region where the impurity concentration is lower than the predetermined concentration P1 is the low impurity concentration in FIGS. 1A and 1B.
- the predetermined concentration P1 is in a range of 10 ppb or more and 10000 ppm or less, and is an intermediate value between the maximum value of the high impurity concentration region and the minimum value of the low impurity concentration region.
- the high impurity concentration region is a region where the impurity concentration is from the maximum value to 60% of the maximum value, and the width is in the range of 0.5 ⁇ m to 500 ⁇ m.
- the low impurity concentration region is a region where the impurity concentration is less than 60% of the maximum value.
- the value of P1 is located almost at the boundary between the high impurity concentration region and the low impurity concentration region, but when the minimum value of the low impurity concentration region is less than 20% of the maximum value of the high impurity concentration region, the P1 value is It will be located in the low concentration region.
- the impurity concentration on the main surface of the single crystal diamond 10 is a value measured by secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS).
- SIMS secondary ion mass spectrometry
- Cs + is used as a primary ion
- an acceleration voltage is 15 kV
- a detection region is 35 ⁇ m ⁇
- a concentration at a place where 0.5 ⁇ m is sputtered from the sample outermost surface is obtained.
- the concentration is determined by comparison with a separately prepared standard sample (a diamond single crystal with a known impurity concentration produced by ion implantation). If the impurity concentration is small, the measured value may deviate from the true value due to the accuracy of the instrument. In order to obtain a more accurate value, it is necessary to measure at a depth of up to 0.5 ⁇ m at at least three points located at a distance of at least 100 ⁇ m from each other and take an average of these values (depth and position). preferable.
- the impurity concentration along the second direction (Y-axis direction) perpendicular to the first direction (X-axis direction) is substantially uniform on the main surface of the single crystal diamond 10.
- the substantially uniform impurity concentration means that the concentration range is within a range of ⁇ 20% to + 20% from the average value.
- the impurity concentration along the depth direction, which is perpendicular to the main surface is substantially uniform.
- the substantially uniform impurity concentration means that the concentration range is within a range of ⁇ 20% to + 20% from the average value.
- the surface with the substantially uniform impurity concentration described above may or may not be the same as the crystal growth surface.
- a surface with a substantially uniform impurity concentration may be inclined with respect to the growth surface.
- the main surface of the single crystal diamond 10 and the surface having a substantially uniform impurity concentration are preferably substantially perpendicular, but may be inclined within a range of ⁇ 35 ° from the perpendicular.
- the flank face is inclined with respect to the rake face.
- the surface having a substantially uniform impurity concentration escapes when the main surface is a rake face. It can be a surface.
- the impurity concentration is preferably 10 ppb or more and 10,000 ppm or less. If the impurity concentration is less than 10 ppb, cracks are likely to propagate, a sufficient crack propagation suppressing effect cannot be obtained, and the fracture resistance is lowered. On the other hand, when the impurity concentration exceeds 10,000 ppm, the wear resistance is remarkably lowered.
- the impurity concentration is more preferably from 100 ppb to 1000 ppm, and further preferably from 500 ppb to 100 ppm.
- the maximum value of the impurity concentration is preferably 1 ppm or more and 10,000 ppm or less, and more preferably 5 ppm or more and 1000 ppm or less.
- the minimum value of the impurity concentration is preferably 10 ppb or more and 100 ppm or less, and more preferably 100 ppb or more and 50 ppm or less.
- the ratio (minimum value / maximum value) between the maximum value and the minimum value of the impurity concentration is preferably 10 ⁇ 6 or more and less than 0.8, and more preferably 10 ⁇ 4 or more and 0.5 or less.
- the impurity concentration has periodicity along the first direction, and the distance of one cycle in the main surface is preferably 2 ⁇ m or more and 2000 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 10 ⁇ m or more and 600 ⁇ m or less.
- the distance of one period on the main surface is the sum of the distances (widths) in the X-axis direction between a pair of adjacent high impurity concentration regions 1 and low impurity concentration regions 2 in FIGS. 1A and 1B. It corresponds to.
- the number of periods in the single crystal diamond 10 is at least one, the effect of reducing uneven wear can be obtained.
- the number of periods is represented by n + 0.5 (n represents an integer) (for example, 1.5, 2.5, etc.).
- n represents an integer
- the impurity concentration can be arranged symmetrically about the line passing through the center of the main surface. It is.
- only the central portion of the main surface may be a high impurity concentration region or a low impurity concentration region. This case is suitable for use in a tool for making a hole in the center (a drilling tool such as a drawing die).
- the impurities present on the main surface of the single crystal diamond 10 preferably contain at least one element selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, boron, aluminum, silicon, phosphorus and sulfur.
- an impurity contains at least any one of nitrogen and boron.
- the impurity has a smaller ratio of impurities mixed in with carbon and substitution type, and the ratio is, for example, preferably 20% or less, and more preferably 10% or less. According to this, the mechanical characteristics as a tool (characteristic that it is hard and hard to chip) are good.
- the ratio of substitutional impurities is the value measured by secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) (total impurity concentration) and the value measured by electron spin resonance (ESR) (substitution resonance). (Concentration of mold).
- the plane orientation of the direction in which the impurity concentration is substantially uniform and the direction in which the impurity concentration changes are different. More preferably, the direction with the smallest wear rate matches the direction in which the impurity concentration is substantially uniform or the direction in which the impurity concentration changes.
- the wear rate varies depending on the plane orientation and impurity concentration. Therefore, by appropriately combining the difference in wear rate resulting from the difference in surface orientation and the difference in wear rate resulting from the difference in impurity concentration, the difference in wear rate (uneven wear) can be offset.
- a layer with a low impurity concentration (generally a low impurity concentration layer is difficult to wear, so the low impurity concentration layer) is centered on the hole, and an impurity concentration layer (high impurity concentration layer) that is easily worn at the end of the hole. It is preferable to contact or overlap. In the case of producing a cutting tool, it is preferable that the tip of the cutting tool is in contact with or overlaps an impurity concentration layer (impurity high concentration layer) that is easily worn.
- Impurity-concentrated layers generally low-impurity layers are difficult to wear, so high-impurity layers are centered on the holes), and impurity-concentrated layers (low-impurity layers are hard to wear)
- the layer is preferably in contact with or overlapping.
- the tip of the cutting tool is in contact with or overlaps an impurity concentration layer (impurity low concentration layer) that is difficult to wear.
- FIGS. 3A to 3C are diagrams showing an example of the method for producing single crystal diamond according to the first embodiment.
- the method for producing single crystal diamond includes a step of obtaining a synthetic single crystal diamond in which the impurity concentration varies along the crystal growth direction by a vapor phase synthesis method; Cutting in the direction of changing.
- a single crystal diamond substrate 4 is prepared.
- the single crystal diamond substrate 4 for example, a single crystal substrate (type: Ib) having a flat plate shape and made of diamond manufactured by a high temperature high pressure synthesis method can be used.
- Single-crystal diamond substrate 4 has a main surface made of (100) plane and side surfaces made of (001) plane and (010) plane perpendicular to the main surface.
- the shape of the single crystal diamond substrate 4 is not particularly limited, and can be a desired shape. Further, it is preferable that the surface of the main surface of the diamond single crystal substrate is smoothed by mechanical polishing or the like and etched by about 1 ⁇ m to 50 ⁇ m by reactive ion etching.
- the single crystal diamond substrate 4 is placed in the chamber of the CVD apparatus, and a synthetic single crystal diamond whose impurity concentration varies along the crystal growth direction is obtained by a vapor phase synthesis method (FIG. 3B).
- synthetic single crystal diamond is epitaxially grown on the main surface of the single crystal diamond substrate 4 by a CVD method while introducing a gas containing carbon into the chamber.
- the carbon in the gas becomes the carbon source for the synthetic single crystal diamond.
- the gas containing carbon for example, CH 4 , C 2 H 6 , C 2 H 4 , C 2 H 2 , CH 3 OH, C 2 H 5 OH, (CH 3 ) 2 CO, or the like can be used.
- CO and CO 2 can also be used.
- CH 4 because carbon radicals that are precursors for diamond film formation are easily generated.
- nitrogen can be introduced into the chamber by introducing nitrogen gas into the chamber simultaneously with the gas containing carbon.
- the concentration of impurity nitrogen in the synthetic single crystal diamond can be changed along the crystal growth direction.
- the impurity concentration can be changed along the growth direction by changing the total pressure, input power, substrate temperature, and the like.
- diborane gas B 2 H 6
- trimethylaluminum (CH 3 ) 3 Al)
- silane gas SiH 4
- Phosphine gas PH 3
- hydrogen sulfide H 2 S
- organic gases can be used.
- the pressure in the chamber is controlled to, for example, 6.6 kPa to 26.6 kPa, microwave power is introduced, and the chamber temperature is heated to 800 ° C. to 1200 ° C.
- Synthetic single crystal diamond is epitaxially grown on the main surface of the diamond substrate 4.
- a microwave plasma CVD method MP-CVD method
- a hot filament (HF) CVD method a DC plasma method, or the like can be used.
- the synthetic single crystal diamond is cut in the direction in which the impurity concentration changes.
- cutting in the direction in which the impurity concentration changes means cutting so as to cross the surfaces having a uniform impurity concentration. This is not limited to cutting in a direction perpendicular to a surface with a substantially uniform impurity concentration, but cutting at a predetermined angle (for example, ⁇ 35 °) with respect to a surface with a substantially uniform impurity concentration. Including. This is because, depending on the use of the single crystal diamond, it may be convenient for the plane having a substantially uniform impurity concentration and the cut plane to intersect at an angle other than perpendicular.
- the synthetic single crystal diamond can be cut by laser cutting.
- the synthetic single crystal diamond and the diamond single crystal substrate 4 are separated using a laser to obtain single crystal diamond.
- a laser it can also be separated by electrochemical etching.
- the obtained single crystal diamond has as its main surface a plane substantially parallel to the crystal growth direction of the synthetic single crystal diamond. Therefore, in this case, in the single crystal diamond, the impurity concentration changes along the crystal growth direction on the main surface.
- Another method for producing the single crystal diamond according to the first embodiment will be described. This method is the same as the method described above except for the method of changing the impurity concentration.
- a method for changing the impurity concentration will be described.
- the main surface of the diamond single crystal substrate is flat, and the direction of change in impurity concentration is perpendicular to the growth surface.
- the direction of change in the impurity concentration is not necessarily the direction perpendicular to the growth surface by performing special processing on the substrate.
- an off-angle substrate is prepared as a diamond single crystal substrate.
- One or more line-shaped protrusions are formed on the main surface of the substrate.
- the height of the protrusion is preferably 10 ⁇ m or less.
- the aspect ratio (height / width) of the protrusion is preferably 1 or less.
- the protrusion interval (adjacent interval) is preferably larger than the protrusion height.
- FIG. 4A and 4B are a plan view and a perspective view, respectively, of the single crystal diamond in the second embodiment.
- FIG. 5 is a graph showing the impurity concentration in the main surface of the single crystal diamond of FIGS. 4A and 4B.
- the plan view is a view seen from above the main surface of the single crystal diamond.
- the single crystal diamond 20 has a rectangular parallelepiped shape having a pair of opposing main surfaces.
- an ion implantation layer 3 On the main surface, an ion implantation layer 3, a high impurity concentration region 1, and a low impurity concentration region 2 extending in a strip shape along the Y-axis direction are arranged adjacent to each other in the order described above.
- the ion implantation layer 3 is located at one end of the single crystal diamond 20 in the X-axis direction and is disposed along one side surface substantially parallel to the Y-axis direction.
- FIG. 5 is a graph showing an example of a change in impurity concentration along the first direction (X-axis direction) on the main surface of the single crystal diamond 20 of FIGS. 4A and 4B.
- the distance along the first direction means the distance along the first direction from the side surface where the ion-implanted layer 3 of the single crystal diamond 20 of FIGS. 4A and 4B exists.
- the impurity concentration changes along the first direction on the main surface. Specifically, the impurity concentration gradually decreases from the ion implantation layer 3 existing on the side surface of the diamond single crystal 20 toward the low impurity concentration region 2 along the first direction.
- FIG. 5 is a graph showing an example of a change in impurity concentration along the first direction (X-axis direction) on the main surface of the single crystal diamond 20 of FIGS. 4A and 4B.
- the distance along the first direction means the distance along the first direction from the side surface where the ion-implanted layer 3 of the single crystal diamond 20 of FIGS. 4A and
- the region where the impurity concentration is equal to or higher than the predetermined concentration P2 corresponds to the ion implantation layer 3 and the high impurity concentration region 1 in FIGS. 4A and 4B, and the region where the impurity concentration is lower than the predetermined concentration P2 is This corresponds to the low impurity concentration region 2 in FIG. 4B.
- the predetermined concentration P2 is in the range of 10 ppb or more and 10,000 ppm or less, and is an intermediate value between the maximum value of the high impurity concentration region and the minimum value of the low impurity concentration region.
- the high impurity concentration region is a region where the impurity concentration is from the maximum value to 60% of the maximum value, and the width is in the range of 0.5 ⁇ m to 500 ⁇ m.
- the low impurity concentration region is a region where the impurity concentration is less than 60% of the maximum value.
- the value of P2 is located almost at the boundary between the high impurity concentration region and the low impurity concentration region, but when the minimum value of the low impurity concentration region is less than 20% of the maximum value of the high impurity concentration region, the P2 value is It will be located in the low concentration region.
- the ions contained in the ion implantation layer 3 are preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of carbon ions, boron ions, nitrogen ions, argon ions, phosphorus ions, silicon ions, and sulfide ions. This is because, when a synthetic single crystal diamond is grown on the ion-implanted layer, these ions are likely to be mixed into the synthetic single crystal diamond and easily form an impurity concentration gradient.
- the ion species for ion implantation and the ion species having a concentration gradient in diamond may be the same or different.
- ions are implanted into a substrate in a predetermined amount (preferably a dose amount of 3 ⁇ 10 16 cm ⁇ 2 ) or more.
- the single crystal diamond is synthesized while the substrate is slightly etched as an initial state at the time of synthesis. At that time, implanted ions in the substrate are released into the atmosphere.
- single crystal diamond is formed while some of the implanted ions in the atmosphere are taken in. As time elapses, new diamond is formed on the substrate, so that implanted ions in the substrate are not released into the atmosphere, and the amount of implanted ions in the atmosphere gradually decreases. Therefore, the number of implanted ions taken into the single crystal diamond gradually decreases. Thereby, a concentration gradient of impurities is formed in the synthetic single crystal diamond.
- an impurity element is included in or around the atmosphere when single-crystal diamond is synthesized.
- a trace gas may be introduced, or a solid raw material may be placed on the holder.
- a graphite layer is formed on the substrate by ion implantation for later electrochemical separation.
- the ion species to be ion-implanted is not limited, but carbon ions, boron ions, nitrogen ions, argon ions, phosphorus ions, silicon ions, sulfide ions and the like are preferable. Especially, since a graphite layer is formed, a carbon ion is more preferable.
- the substrate When synthesizing single crystal diamond, it is preferable not to etch the substrate in the initial stage. Crystals are disordered on the surface of the substrate into which ions have been implanted, and diamond synthesized on the surface is synthesized with crystal fluctuations and single crystal diamonds with many defects. As the crystal is synthesized, the fluctuation of the crystal is reduced, and single crystal diamond with good crystallinity is gradually formed.
- the crystal element has many crystal fluctuations, and an impurity element is likely to be mixed in a crystal having many defects. When the crystal fluctuation is eliminated, the impurity element is reduced. Thereby, a concentration gradient of impurities is formed in the synthetic single crystal diamond.
- the impurity concentration along the second direction (Y-axis direction) orthogonal to the first direction (X-axis direction) is substantially uniform on the main surface of the single crystal diamond 20.
- the substantially uniform impurity concentration means that the concentration range is within a range of ⁇ 20% to + 20% from the average value.
- the impurity concentration along the depth direction which is perpendicular to the main surface is uniform.
- the uniform impurity concentration means that the concentration range is within a range of ⁇ 20% to + 20% from the average value.
- the impurity concentration is preferably 10 ppb or more and 10,000 ppm or less. If the impurity concentration is less than 10 ppb, cracks are likely to propagate, a sufficient crack propagation suppressing effect cannot be obtained, and the fracture resistance is lowered. On the other hand, when the impurity concentration exceeds 10,000 ppm, the wear resistance is remarkably lowered.
- the impurity concentration is more preferably from 100 ppb to 1000 ppm, and further preferably from 500 ppb to 100 ppm.
- the impurity concentration is a value measured by secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS).
- the maximum value of the impurity concentration is preferably 1 ppm or more and 10,000 ppm or less, and more preferably 5 ppm or more and 1000 ppm or less.
- the minimum value of the impurity concentration is preferably 10 ppb or more and 100 ppm or less, and more preferably 100 ppb or more and 50 ppm or less.
- the ratio (minimum value / maximum value) between the maximum value and the minimum value of the impurity concentration is preferably 10 ⁇ 6 or more and less than 0.8, and more preferably 10 ⁇ 4 or more and 0.5 or less.
- the angle of the side surface having the ion implantation layer with respect to the main surface is preferably 55 ° or more and 125 ° or less.
- the impurity concentration on the side surface can be made uniform.
- the uniform impurity concentration means that the concentration range is within a range of ⁇ 20% to + 20% from the average value.
- the impurities present on the main surface of the single crystal diamond 20 preferably contain at least one element selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, boron, aluminum, silicon, phosphorus and sulfur. This is because even if these impurities are mixed in the diamond, the crystallinity of the diamond is not greatly deteriorated, and defects suitable for the tool performance are appropriately generated. Especially, it is preferable that an impurity contains at least any one of nitrogen and boron.
- FIGS. 6A to 6C are diagrams showing an example of the method for producing single crystal diamond of the second embodiment.
- the method for producing a single crystal diamond includes a step of obtaining a synthetic single crystal diamond in which an impurity concentration varies along a crystal growth direction by a vapor phase synthesis method, and the crystal growth of the synthetic single crystal diamond. Cutting along the direction.
- a single crystal diamond substrate 24 including an ion implantation layer 3 at a certain depth from the main surface is prepared.
- the single crystal diamond substrate 24 has a flat plate shape, for example, and can be produced by performing ion implantation on a single crystal substrate (type: Ib) made of diamond manufactured by a high temperature high pressure synthesis method.
- the surface 24a of the single crystal diamond substrate 24 maintains the crystallinity of the single crystal substrate before ion implantation to such an extent that it can be epitaxially grown by a vapor phase synthesis method.
- the implantation energy is preferably 80 keV or more and 10,000 keV or less, and more preferably 180 keV or more and 350 keV or less.
- the irradiation amount is preferably 3 ⁇ 10 15 pieces / cm 2 or more and 5 ⁇ 10 17 pieces / cm 2 or less, more preferably 1 ⁇ 10 16 pieces / cm 2 or more and 1 ⁇ 10 17 pieces / cm 2 or less.
- the ion implantation layer 3 is formed inside the substrate 24 while maintaining the crystallinity of the main surface of the substrate 24 to such an extent that the epitaxial growth by the vapor phase synthesis method is possible. Can do.
- ions to be ion-implanted at least one selected from the group consisting of carbon ions, boron ions, nitrogen ions, argon ions, phosphorus ions, silicon ions and sulfur ions can be used.
- the diamond single crystal substrate 24 is placed in the chamber of the CVD apparatus, and a synthetic single crystal diamond whose impurity concentration changes along the crystal growth direction is obtained by a vapor phase synthesis method (FIG. 6B). Specifically, synthetic single crystal diamond is epitaxially grown on the main surface of the single crystal diamond substrate 24 by CVD while introducing a gas containing carbon into the chamber.
- the carbon in the gas becomes the carbon source for the synthetic diamond single crystal.
- the gas containing carbon for example, CH 4 , C 2 H 6 , C 2 H 4 , C 2 H 2 , CH 3 OH, C 2 H 5 OH, (CH 3 ) 2 CO, or the like can be used.
- CO and CO 2 can also be used.
- CH 4 because carbon radicals that are precursors for diamond film formation are easily generated.
- the pressure in the chamber is controlled to, for example, 6.6 kPa to 26.6 kPa, microwave power is introduced, and the chamber temperature is heated to 800 ° C. to 1200 ° C.
- Synthetic single crystal diamond is epitaxially grown on the main surface of the diamond substrate 24.
- a microwave plasma CVD method MP-CVD method
- a hot filament (HF) CVD method a DC plasma method, or the like can be used.
- the synthetic single crystal diamond is cut along the crystal growth direction.
- the synthetic single crystal diamond can be cut by laser cutting.
- the synthetic single crystal diamond and the single crystal diamond substrate 24 are separated from each other by electrochemically etching the ion implantation layer 3 to obtain single crystal diamond.
- the obtained single crystal diamond has as its main surface a plane parallel to the crystal growth direction of the synthetic single crystal diamond, and has an ion implantation layer on its side surface. Therefore, the impurity concentration of the single crystal diamond changes along the crystal growth direction on the main surface.
- FIG. 7A is a diagram illustrating the cutting of the workpiece 5 using the cutting tool 6 of the third embodiment.
- FIG. 7B is a diagram showing the cutting bit 6 of Embodiment 3 after cutting the work material 5.
- the cutting tool 6 of the third embodiment is manufactured using the single crystal diamond 10 of the first embodiment.
- the cutting tool 6 uses the main surface of the single crystal diamond 10 as the rake face 8 of the cutting tool 6, and of the side surfaces of the single crystal diamond 10, the main surface is orthogonal to the first direction (X-axis direction). It is preferable that the side surface parallel to the second direction (Y-axis direction) is made as the flank 9 of the cutting tool 6. That is, it is preferable that the amount of change in the impurity concentration of single crystal diamond on the rake face 8 of the cutting tool is larger than the amount of change in the impurity concentration of single crystal diamond on the flank face 9 of the cutting tool.
- the angle of the flank 9 with respect to the rake face 8 is preferably 55 ° or more and 90 ° or less.
- the angle of the flank 9 with respect to the rake face 8 can be adjusted to the above range by performing laser processing so that the angle of the side with respect to the main surface is 55 ° or more and 90 ° or less.
- FIG. 7C it is preferable that the angle of the flank 9 with respect to the rake face 8 and the angle with the substantially uniform surface of the impurity concentration with respect to the main surface coincide. Further, as shown in the top view of the cutting tool in FIG.
- the direction of the impurity concentration change is preferably matched with the surface orientation A of the curved surface at the tip of the tool. That is, when the wear rates in the plane orientation A and the plane orientation B in FIG. 7D are A> B, the wear rates of the region having the impurity concentration [1] and the region having the impurity concentration [2] are [1] ⁇ [2 ] On the other hand, when A ⁇ B, it is better to set [1]> [2]. Furthermore, the periodicity in the concentration change is advantageous because the same concentration change situation can be repeatedly created when the tool is reground and used.
- the cutting tool 6 is in contact with the work material over portions having different impurity concentrations. This can prevent uneven wear.
- FIG. 8A is a diagram illustrating the cutting of the work material 5 using the cutting tool 26 according to the fourth embodiment.
- FIG. 8B is a diagram illustrating the cutting bit 26 of Embodiment 4 after cutting the work material 5.
- the cutting tool 26 of the fourth embodiment is manufactured using the single crystal diamond 20 of the second embodiment.
- the main surface of the single crystal diamond 20 is the rake face 8 of the cutting bit 26, and the side surface of the single crystal diamond 20 where the ion implantation layer 3 is disposed is the cutting bit 26.
- the flank 9 is produced. That is, the amount of change in the impurity concentration of single crystal diamond on the rake face of the cutting tool is preferably larger than the amount of change in the impurity concentration of single crystal diamond on the flank face of the cutting tool.
- the angle of the flank 9 with respect to the rake face 8 is preferably 55 ° or more and 90 ° or less.
- laser processing is performed so that the angle of the side surface on which the ion implantation layer 3 is disposed with respect to the main surface is 55 ° or more and 90 ° or less, so that the angle of the flank 9 with respect to the rake surface 8 is Can be adjusted within the range.
- FIG. 8C it is preferable that the angle of the flank 9 with respect to the rake face 8 and the angle with the substantially uniform surface of the impurity concentration with respect to the main surface coincide. Further, as shown in the top view of the cutting tool in FIG.
- the direction of the impurity concentration change is preferably matched with the surface orientation A of the curved surface at the tip of the tool. That is, when the wear rates in the plane orientation A and the plane orientation B in FIG. 8D are A> B, the wear rates in the region of the impurity concentration [1] and the region of the impurity concentration [2] are [1] ⁇ [2 ] On the other hand, when A ⁇ B, it is better to set [1]> [2]. Furthermore, the periodicity in the concentration change is advantageous because the same concentration change situation can be repeatedly created when the tool is reground and used.
- the cutting tool 6 is in contact with the work material over portions having different impurity concentrations. This can prevent uneven wear.
- FIG. 9A is a plan view of the drawing die 7 according to the fifth embodiment.
- FIG. 9B is a diagram showing the wire drawing die 7 of Embodiment 5 after being used for wire drawing.
- the drawing die 7 of the fifth embodiment is manufactured using the single crystal diamond 10 of the first embodiment. Specifically, the drawing die 7 uses the main surface of the single crystal diamond 10 as the main surface of the drawing die 7 and sets a pair of opposing main surfaces along a direction perpendicular to the main surface of the single crystal diamond 10. It is preferable that a through-hole is formed.
- the drawing die 7 has a hole center in the high impurity concentration region 1 and, in the circumference on the main surface forming the outer edge of the hole, in the second direction (Y-axis direction) of the single crystal diamond 10 from the center of the hole.
- the two farthest points along each are located in the high impurity concentration region 1 of the single crystal diamond 10, and the two farthest points along the first direction (X-axis direction) of the single crystal diamond 10 from the center of the hole.
- the drawing die 7 is located at the center of the hole on the symmetry axis along the second direction (Y-axis direction) of the high impurity concentration region 1 of the single crystal diamond 10. Further, the impurity concentration along the first direction (X-axis direction) on the main surface of the drawing die 7 passes through the center of the hole, and the line along the second direction (Y-axis direction) is a symmetry axis. It is preferable to change with. According to this, at the time of wire drawing using the wire drawing die 7, uneven wear of the wire drawing die 7 can be effectively suppressed.
- the high impurity concentration region 1 and the low impurity concentration region 2 have different optical transmittances. This is because the position of the impurity region can be numerically grasped by using a laser or an optical microscope, and one of the most convenient ones can be selected to make a hole. Even if the optical transmittance is approximate, if the geometric center of the main surface is understood to be the high impurity concentration region or the low impurity concentration region, it is possible to determine which one is convenient. You can pick and drill holes.
- the low impurity concentration region 2 is arranged on both sides of the high impurity concentration region 1 on the main surface of the drawing die 7 .
- the arrangement of the high impurity concentration region 1 and the low impurity concentration region 2 is as follows. The reverse is also acceptable.
- the drawing die 7 has a surface orientation A and a surface when the wear rate of the region having the impurity concentration [1] and the region having the impurity concentration [2] is [1] ⁇ [2].
- the wear rate in the direction B is preferably [B]> [A].
- the region having the impurity concentration [1] may be the high impurity concentration region 1 or the low impurity concentration region 2 in some cases. According to this, at the time of wire drawing using the wire drawing die 7, uneven wear of the wire drawing die 7 can be suppressed. Therefore, also in the drawing die 7 after the wire drawing, the roundness of the hole is not easily lost, and the outer edge of the hole can maintain a circular shape on the main surface.
- Example 1 (Single crystal diamond) An artificial Ib type single crystal ⁇ 100 ⁇ substrate having a size of 5 mm ⁇ 5 mm and a thickness of 0.5 mm was prepared, and epitaxial growth was performed by a microwave plasma CVD method. The substrate temperature was 1100 ° C. and the pressure was 100 torr. The introduced gas was methane 150 sccm (Standard Cubic cm) and hydrogen 1000 sccm. The growth was performed so that the growth thickness of the single crystal diamond was in the range of 0.7 mm to 1 mm.
- the nitrogen gas added during the growth of the single crystal diamond was 100% nitrogen gas or 1% nitrogen gas diluted with hydrogen. 100% nitrogen gas and 1% nitrogen gas were alternately introduced. When one nitrogen gas was flowing, the flow rate of the other nitrogen gas was set to zero. The concentration of impurities contained in the growth film was controlled by changing the flow rate of each nitrogen gas (0.1 to 5 sccm) and the introduction time.
- the obtained synthetic single crystal diamond was cut along a direction perpendicular to a surface having a uniform impurity concentration (see FIG. 3C) to obtain a single crystal diamond having a thickness of 0.8 mm.
- samples 50 and 51 the obtained synthetic single crystal diamond was cut along a direction parallel to a surface having a uniform impurity concentration (see FIG. 10A) to obtain a single crystal diamond having a thickness of 0.8 mm.
- Sample 52 was obtained by growing single crystal diamond without introducing nitrogen gas and then cutting out single crystal diamond having a thickness of 0.8 mm.
- the main surface of the obtained single crystal diamond was measured for nitrogen atom (impurity) content with respect to carbon atoms by secondary ion mass spectrometry. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Cutting tools were prepared using the single crystal diamonds of Samples 1, 2, and 50. Specifically, as shown in FIGS. 7A to 7D, the main surface of the single crystal diamond is the rake face of the cutting tool, and the first surface (X-axis direction) of the main surface among the side surfaces of the single crystal diamond. A side surface parallel to the direction perpendicular to the Z axis direction (Z-axis direction) was prepared as a flank of the cutting tool.
- the tip angles of the cutting tools were all 80 °, and the tip R, the tip position, and the center position of the tip diameter were as shown in Table 2.
- Cutting was performed under the following conditions.
- Work material A4032 (Al-Si material)
- Cutting speed 600 m / min
- Cutting distance 20km
- Feed rate 2 ⁇ m / rev Stock removal: 2 ⁇ m
- the cutting tools of Samples 1 and 2 were evenly worn and no chipping occurred.
- the work material was processed smoothly and uniformly, and no scratches were generated. Further, when the curved surfaces of the rake surfaces of Samples 1 and 2 were observed, the curved surfaces maintained the roundness before processing. That is, the wear was very low in uneven wear.
- the surface of the cutting tool of Sample 50 was rougher than that of Samples 1 and 2. When the rake face was observed, the curved face was greatly unevenly worn before processing.
- FIGS. 9A to 9C the drawing dies have the main surface of the single crystal diamond as the main surface of the drawing dies, and face each other along a direction perpendicular to the main surface of the single crystal diamond. A hole penetrating the pair of main surfaces is formed. Table 3 shows the hole diameter and the center position of the hole.
- wire drawing was performed under the following conditions.
- Wire drawing material SUS306 Drawing speed: 600 m / min Drawing distance: 20km
- the wire drawing dies of Samples 3 and 4 were evenly worn and there was very little uneven wear of the holes.
- the drawn material was processed smoothly and uniformly, and no scratch was generated on the drawn material.
- Example 2 (Single crystal diamond) An artificial Ib type single crystal ⁇ 100 ⁇ substrate having a size of 5 mm ⁇ 5 mm and a thickness of 0.5 mm was prepared, and epitaxial growth was performed by a microwave plasma CVD method. The substrate temperature was 1100 ° C. and the pressure was 100 torr. The introduced gas was methane 150 sccm (Standard Cubic cm) and hydrogen 1000 sccm. The growth was performed so that the growth thickness of the single crystal diamond was in the range of 0.7 mm to 1 mm.
- the diborane gas (hydrogen dilution 100 ppm) added during the growth of the single crystal diamond was repeatedly and alternately introduced at flow rates of 5 sccm and 0 sccm while controlling the respective introduction times.
- the obtained synthetic single crystal diamond was cut along a direction perpendicular to the surface having a uniform impurity concentration (see FIG. 3C) to obtain a single crystal diamond having a thickness of 0.8 mm.
- samples 60 and 61 the obtained synthetic single crystal diamond was cut along a direction parallel to a surface having a uniform impurity concentration (see FIG. 10A) to obtain a single crystal diamond having a thickness of 0.8 mm.
- Sample 62 was obtained by growing single crystal diamond without introducing diborane gas and then cutting out single crystal diamond having a thickness of 0.8 mm.
- the main surface of the obtained single crystal diamond was measured for boron atom (impurity) content with respect to carbon atoms by secondary ion mass spectrometry. The results are shown in Table 4.
- Cutting tools were prepared using the single crystal diamonds of Samples 11, 12, and 60. Specifically, as shown in FIGS. 7A to 7D, the main surface of the single crystal diamond is the rake face of the cutting tool, and the first surface (X-axis direction) of the main surface among the side surfaces of the single crystal diamond. A side surface parallel to the direction perpendicular to the Z axis direction (Z-axis direction) was prepared as a flank of the cutting tool.
- the tip angles of the cutting tools were all 80 °, the tip R, the tip position, and the center position of the tip diameter were as shown in Table 5.
- the surface of the cutting tool of sample 60 was rougher than that of samples 11 and 12. When the rake face was observed, the curved face was greatly unevenly worn before processing.
- FIGS. 9A to 9C Samples 13, 14, 61, 62 single crystal diamond was used to produce a drawing die. Specifically, as shown in FIGS. 9A to 9C, the drawing die has a main surface of the single crystal diamond as the main surface of the drawing die, and is opposed to the main surface of the single crystal diamond along a direction perpendicular to the main surface of the single crystal diamond. A hole penetrating the main surfaces of the set is formed. Table 6 shows the hole diameter and the center position of the hole.
- wire drawing was performed under the following conditions.
- Wire drawing material SUS306 Drawing speed: 600 m / min Drawing distance: 20km
- the drawing dies of Samples 13 and 14 were uniformly worn, and the uneven wear of the holes was very small.
- the drawn material was processed smoothly and uniformly, and no scratch was generated on the drawn material.
- the single crystal diamond of the present invention is useful when used for tools such as cutting tools, grinding tools, and anti-wear tools.
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Abstract
Description
特許文献1の技術では、単結晶ダイヤモンド中の導電層として、ホウ素ドープ層やイオン注入層を形成している。該単結晶ダイヤモンドを用いた工具では、単結晶ダイヤモンドの外部部材との電気的なコンタクトが可能な導電層が露出している側面を、工具の逃げ面となるように配置している。単結晶ダイヤモンド層と導電層とは、不純物濃度が異なるため、結晶性が異なり、このため硬度や摩耗率も異なっている。したがって、該単結晶ダイヤモンドを用いた工具は、使用に伴い逃げ面が偏摩耗するため、被削材を傷つけてしまい、被削材の加工面が均一とならないという問題がある。
[本開示の効果]
上記態様によれば、工具材料として用いた場合に、工具の偏摩耗が抑制された単結晶ダイヤモンド、これを用いた工具及び単結晶ダイヤモンドの製造方法を提供することが可能となる。
最初に本発明の実施態様を列記して説明する。
本発明の実施形態にかかる単結晶ダイヤモンド、工具及び単結晶ダイヤモンドの製造方法の具体例を、以下に図面を参照しつつ説明する。なお、本発明はこれらの例示に限定されるものではなく、請求の範囲によって示され、請求の範囲と均等の意味および範囲内でのすべての変更が含まれることが意図される。本明細書中においては、個別方位を[]、集合方位を<>、個別面を()、集合面を{}でそれぞれ示している。
実施の形態1の単結晶ダイヤモンドについて、図1A、図1B及び図2を用いて説明する。図1A及び図1Bは、それぞれ実施の形態1における単結晶ダイヤモンドの平面図及び斜視図である。図2は、図1A及び図1Bの単結晶ダイヤモンドの主面における不純物濃度を示すグラフである。平面図とは、単結晶ダイヤモンドの主面の上から見た図である。本明細書中、主面とは、単結晶ダイヤモンドの表面を構成する面のうち、最も面積の大きい面を意味する。
実施の形態2の単結晶ダイヤモンドについて、図4A、図4B及び図5を用いて説明する。図4A及び図4Bは、それぞれ実施の形態2における単結晶ダイヤモンドの平面図及び斜視図である。図5は、図4A及び図4Bの単結晶ダイヤモンドの主面における不純物濃度を示すグラフである。平面図とは、単結晶ダイヤモンドの主面の上から見た図である。
実施の形態3の切削バイトについて、図7A乃至図7Dを用いて説明する。図7Aは、実施の形態3の切削バイト6を用いた被削材5の切削を示す図である。図7Bは、被削材5を切削後の実施の形態3の切削バイト6を示す図である。
実施の形態4の切削バイトについて、図8A乃至図8Dを用いて説明する。図8Aは、実施の形態4の切削バイト26を用いた被削材5の切削を示す図である。図8Bは、被削材5を切削後の実施の形態4の切削バイト26を示す図である。
実施の形態5の線引きダイスについて、図9A乃至図9Cを用いて説明する。図9Aは、実施の形態5の線引きダイス7の平面図である。図9Bは、伸線加工に用いた後の実施の形態5の線引きダイス7を示す図である。
(単結晶ダイヤモンド)
5mm×5mm、厚さ0.5mmの人工Ib型単結晶{100}基板を用意して、マイクロ波プラズマCVD法によるエピタキシャル成長を行った。基板温度は1100℃、圧力100torrでおこなった。導入したガスはメタン150sccm(Standard Cubic cm)、水素1000sccmとした。単結晶ダイヤモンドの成長厚が0.7mm~1mmの範囲になるように成長を行った。
試料1,2,50の単結晶ダイヤモンドを用いて、切削バイトを作製した。具体的には、図7A乃至図7Dに示されるように、単結晶ダイヤモンドの主面を切削バイトのすくい面とし、単結晶ダイヤモンドの側面のうち、主面において第1の方向(X軸方向)に直交する方向(Z軸方向)に平行な側面を切削バイトの逃げ面として作製した。切削バイトの先端角は全て80°とし、先端R、先端位置、先端径の中心位置は表2の通りとした。
被削材:A4032(Al-Si系材料)
切削速度:600m/min
切削距離:20km
送り速度:2μm/rev
取り代:2μm
試料1,2の切削バイトは、均一に摩耗し、欠損は生じなかった。被削材は滑らかに均一に加工されており、傷は発生していなかった。さらに、試料1,2のすくい面の曲面を観察すると、曲面が加工前の真円度を維持していた。すなわち偏摩耗の非常に少ない摩耗であった。
試料3,4,51,52の単結晶ダイヤモンドを用いて、線引きダイスを作製した。具体的には、図9A乃至図9Cに示されるように、線引きダイスは、単結晶ダイヤモンドの主面を線引きダイスの主面とし、単結晶ダイヤモンドの主面に垂直な方向に沿って、対向する一組の主面同士を貫通する穴が形成されている。穴直径、穴の中心位置は表3の通りとした。
被伸線材:SUS306
伸線速度:600m/min
伸線距離:20km
試料3,4の線引きダイスは、均一に摩耗し、穴の偏摩耗は非常に少なかった。被伸線材は滑らかに均一に加工されており、伸線材には傷は発生していなかった。
[実施例2]
(単結晶ダイヤモンド)
5mm×5mm、厚さ0.5mmの人工Ib型単結晶{100}基板を用意して、マイクロ波プラズマCVD法によるエピタキシャル成長を行った。基板温度は1100℃、圧力100torrでおこなった。導入したガスはメタン150sccm(Standard Cubic cm)、水素1000sccmとした。単結晶ダイヤモンドの成長厚が0.7mm~1mmの範囲になるように成長を行った。
試料11,12,60の単結晶ダイヤモンドを用いて、切削バイトを作製した。具体的には、図7A乃至図7Dに示されるように、単結晶ダイヤモンドの主面を切削バイトのすくい面とし、単結晶ダイヤモンドの側面のうち、主面において第1の方向(X軸方向)に直交する方向(Z軸方向)に平行な側面を切削バイトの逃げ面として作製した。切削バイトの先端角は全て80°、先端R、先端位置、先端径の中心位置は表5の通りとした。
被削材:A4032(Al-Si系材料)
切削速度:600m/min
切削距離:20km
送り速度:2μm/rev
取り代:2μm
試料11,12の切削バイトは、均一に摩耗し、欠損は生じなかった。被削材は滑らかに均一に加工されており、傷は発生していなかった。さらに、試料11,12のすくい面の曲面を観察すると、曲面が加工前の真円度を維持していた。すなわち偏摩耗の非常に少ない摩耗であった。
試料13,14,61,62単結晶ダイヤモンドを用いて、線引きダイスを作製した。具体的には、図9A乃至図9Cに示されるように線引きダイスは、単結晶ダイヤモンドの主面を線引きダイスの主面とし、単結晶ダイヤモンドの主面に垂直な方向に沿って、対向する一組の主面同士を貫通する穴が形成されている。穴直径、穴の中心位置は表6の通りとした。
被伸線材:SUS306
伸線速度:600m/min
伸線距離:20km
試料13,14の線引きダイスは、均一に摩耗し、穴の偏摩耗は非常に少なかった。被伸線材は滑らかに均一に加工されており、伸線材には傷は発生していなかった。
Claims (15)
- 対向する一組の主面を備え、
前記主面において、第1の方向に沿って不純物濃度が変化する、
単結晶ダイヤモンド。 - 前記主面において、前記第1の方向と直交する第2の方向に沿って、前記不純物濃度は略均一である、
請求項1に記載の単結晶ダイヤモンド。 - 前記主面において、前記第1の方向と前記第2の方向とは、結晶方位が異なる、
請求項1又は請求項2に記載の単結晶ダイヤモンド。 - 前記不純物濃度は、10ppb以上10000ppm以下である、
請求項1又は請求項2に記載の単結晶ダイヤモンド。 - 前記不純物濃度は前記第1の方向に沿って周期性を有し、前記主面における一周期の距離は0.1μm以上1000μm以下である、
請求項1~請求項4のいずれか1項に記載の単結晶ダイヤモンド。 - 前記不純物濃度は、前記第1の方向に沿って中心対称性を有する、
請求項1~請求項5のいずれか1項に記載の単結晶ダイヤモンド。 - 前記単結晶ダイヤモンドは、前記第2の方向に沿った側面にイオン注入層を有する、
請求項2~請求項5のいずれか1項に記載の単結晶ダイヤモンド。 - 前記主面に対する前記側面の角度は、55°以上125°以下である、
請求項7に記載の単結晶ダイヤモンド。 - 前記不純物は、窒素、ホウ素、アルミニウム、ケイ素、リン及び硫黄からなる群より選ばれる少なくとも1種の元素を含む、
請求項1~請求項8のいずれか1項に記載の単結晶ダイヤモンド。 - 請求項1~請求項9のいずれか1項に記載の単結晶ダイヤモンドを備える、工具。
- 前記工具は切削バイトであり、
前記切削バイトの逃げ面における前記単結晶ダイヤモンドの不純物濃度の変化量は、前記切削バイトのすくい面における前記単結晶ダイヤモンドの不純物濃度の変化量よりも小さい、
請求項10に記載の工具。 - 前記工具は切削バイトであり、
前記切削バイトのすくい面において、面方位の相違に由来する摩耗率の相違と、不純物濃度の相違に由来する摩耗率の相違とが相殺する関係を有する、
請求項10又は11に記載の工具。 - 前記工具は線引きダイスであり、
前記単結晶ダイヤモンドの主面に垂直な方向に沿って、前記対向する一組の主面同士を貫通する穴が形成される、
請求項10に記載の工具。 - 前記工具は線引きダイスであり、
前記単結晶ダイヤモンドの主面に平行な方向において、面方位の相違に由来する摩耗率の相違と、不純物濃度の相違に由来する摩耗率の相違とが相殺する関係を有する、
請求項10又は13に記載の工具。 - 請求項1~請求項9のいずれか1項に記載の単結晶ダイヤモンドの製造方法であって、
気相合成法により、結晶成長方向に沿って不純物濃度が変化する合成単結晶ダイヤモンドを得る工程と、
前記合成単結晶ダイヤモンドを、前記不純物濃度が変化する方向に切断する工程とを備える、
単結晶ダイヤモンドの製造方法。
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JP2012176889A (ja) * | 2012-05-10 | 2012-09-13 | Apollo Diamond Inc | 合成ダイヤモンドを生成するためのシステム及び方法 |
WO2014044607A1 (en) * | 2012-09-19 | 2014-03-27 | Element Six Limited | Single crystal chemical vapour deposited synthetic diamond materials having uniform colour |
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WO2019059123A1 (ja) * | 2017-09-19 | 2019-03-28 | 住友電気工業株式会社 | 単結晶ダイヤモンドおよびその製造方法 |
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CN107923067A (zh) | 2018-04-17 |
EP3366815A4 (en) | 2019-11-13 |
CN107923067B (zh) | 2023-04-28 |
JP6752213B2 (ja) | 2020-09-09 |
KR102643918B1 (ko) | 2024-03-05 |
KR20180070547A (ko) | 2018-06-26 |
CN113005516A (zh) | 2021-06-22 |
JPWO2017069051A1 (ja) | 2018-08-09 |
US20180236515A1 (en) | 2018-08-23 |
US10569317B2 (en) | 2020-02-25 |
EP3366815A1 (en) | 2018-08-29 |
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