WO2017056416A1 - ガラスパネルユニットの製造方法、及びガラス窓の製造方法 - Google Patents
ガラスパネルユニットの製造方法、及びガラス窓の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2017056416A1 WO2017056416A1 PCT/JP2016/004177 JP2016004177W WO2017056416A1 WO 2017056416 A1 WO2017056416 A1 WO 2017056416A1 JP 2016004177 W JP2016004177 W JP 2016004177W WO 2017056416 A1 WO2017056416 A1 WO 2017056416A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- glass
- adhesive
- substrate
- panel unit
- glass adhesive
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C27/00—Joining pieces of glass to pieces of other inorganic material; Joining glass to glass other than by fusing
- C03C27/06—Joining glass to glass by processes other than fusing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B23/00—Re-forming shaped glass
- C03B23/20—Uniting glass pieces by fusing without substantial reshaping
- C03B23/24—Making hollow glass sheets or bricks
- C03B23/245—Hollow glass sheets
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
- E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
- E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
- E06B3/66—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together
- E06B3/677—Evacuating or filling the gap between the panes ; Equilibration of inside and outside pressure; Preventing condensation in the gap between the panes; Cleaning the gap between the panes
- E06B3/6775—Evacuating or filling the gap during assembly
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C27/00—Joining pieces of glass to pieces of other inorganic material; Joining glass to glass other than by fusing
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
- E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
- E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
- E06B3/66—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together
- E06B3/6612—Evacuated glazing units
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C8/00—Enamels; Glazes; Fusion seal compositions being frit compositions having non-frit additions
- C03C8/24—Fusion seal compositions being frit compositions having non-frit additions, i.e. for use as seals between dissimilar materials, e.g. glass and metal; Glass solders
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
- E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
- E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
- E06B3/66—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together
- E06B3/663—Elements for spacing panes
- E06B3/66309—Section members positioned at the edges of the glazing unit
- E06B3/66333—Section members positioned at the edges of the glazing unit of unusual substances, e.g. wood or other fibrous materials, glass or other transparent materials
- E06B2003/66338—Section members positioned at the edges of the glazing unit of unusual substances, e.g. wood or other fibrous materials, glass or other transparent materials of glass
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
- Y02A30/24—Structural elements or technologies for improving thermal insulation
- Y02A30/249—Glazing, e.g. vacuum glazing
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B80/00—Architectural or constructional elements improving the thermal performance of buildings
- Y02B80/22—Glazing, e.g. vaccum glazing
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a glass panel unit and a method for manufacturing a glass window. More specifically, the present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a glass panel unit in which a decompression space is formed between a pair of panels, and a glass window including the glass panel unit. It relates to the manufacturing method.
- glass panel unit having a reduced pressure space between a pair of panels (glass plates)
- the glass panel unit is also called double glazing.
- the glass panel unit has excellent heat insulation properties because the reduced pressure space suppresses heat conduction.
- a pair of panels are bonded with a gap, a gas in a space formed between the pair of panels is discharged, and a reduced pressure space is formed by sealing the space.
- Patent Document 1 exemplifies glass powder as a sealing material for multilayer glass.
- a glass adhesive is integrated with a panel, an integrated glass panel unit can be obtained.
- the glass adhesive used for manufacturing the glass panel unit may be a material containing glass powder and a binder.
- a binder By using a binder, the glass adhesive can be easily applied to the panel.
- the glass adhesive can melt and integrate the glass powder while removing the binder by heating.
- the removal of the binder is insufficient and remains, the bonding strength between the pair of panels may be weakened, or the pressure-reducing space may be adversely affected. Further, if the binder remains, it may cause coloring or discoloration.
- the present invention is capable of effectively removing a glass adhesive binder, has high panel adhesive strength, and can stably form a reduced pressure space.
- a method for manufacturing a glass panel unit and a method for manufacturing a glass window The purpose is to provide.
- the manufacturing method of the glass panel unit of one mode concerning the present invention includes an adhesive arrangement process, a counter arrangement process, an internal space formation process, a decompression process, and a decompression space formation process.
- the adhesive disposing step includes at least one glass powder having an average particle diameter of 25 ⁇ m or more and 30 ⁇ m or less on one surface of both surfaces in the thickness direction of the first substrate made of the first glass plate, and a binder. Is disposed so that at least a frame-shaped portion is formed.
- the opposing placement step is a step of placing a second substrate made of at least a second glass plate so as to face the one surface. In the facing arrangement step, a glass composite including the first substrate, the second substrate, and the glass adhesive is formed.
- the glass composite is heated to remove the binder, to melt the glass adhesive, and to melt the glass adhesive between the first substrate and the second substrate.
- This is a step of forming an internal space surrounded by objects.
- the decompression step is a step of discharging the gas in the internal space to decompress the internal space.
- the reduced pressure space forming step is a step of forming a reduced pressure space sealed from the inner space by sealing the inner space while maintaining a reduced pressure state.
- mode which concerns on this invention is equipped with the process of inserting a window frame in the glass panel unit manufactured by the manufacturing method of a glass panel unit, and manufacturing a glass window.
- FIGS. 1A to 1E show a method for manufacturing a glass panel unit according to a first embodiment of the present invention. More specifically, FIGS. 1A to 1E are cross-sectional views in a state in the middle of forming a glass panel unit. 2A to 2C show a manufacturing method of the above glass panel unit. More specifically, FIGS. 2A to 2C are plan views showing a state in the middle of forming the glass panel unit. 3A to 3C are schematic views of the glass adhesive.
- FIG. 3A shows the glass adhesive before the binder is removed. After the state shown in FIG. 3A, FIG. 3B shows the glass adhesive with the binder removed.
- FIG. 3C shows the glass adhesive in a state where the glass powder is melted and integrated after the state shown in FIG. 3B.
- FIG. 4A and 4B show a method for manufacturing a glass panel unit according to the second embodiment of the present invention. More specifically, FIG. 4A and FIG. 4B are plan views of a state in the middle of forming the glass panel unit of the second embodiment.
- FIG. 5A is a plan view of a glass panel unit manufactured by the glass panel unit manufacturing method according to the third embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 5B is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. 5A.
- FIG. 6 is a front view of a glass window manufactured by the glass window manufacturing method of the fourth embodiment according to the present invention.
- FIGS. 2A to 2C show an example (manufacturing example) of a manufacturing method of the glass panel unit 1 of the present embodiment.
- 1A to 1E are cross-sectional views showing a state in the middle of forming the glass panel unit 1.
- FIG. 2A to 2C are plan views showing a state in the middle of forming the glass panel unit 1.
- FIGS. 1A to 1E and FIGS. 2A to 2C schematically show a state in the middle of manufacturing the glass panel unit 1.
- the actual dimensions of each part of the glass panel unit 1 may be different from those shown in FIGS. 1A to 1E and FIGS. 2A to 2C.
- the thickness of the glass panel unit 1 and the thickness of each member during the manufacturing of the glass panel unit 1 are drawn larger than actual.
- the members (the sealing material 30 and the spacer 40) inside the glass panel unit 1 are not shown by broken lines but are shown by thin lines.
- Glass panel unit 1E and 2C show a glass panel unit 1 manufactured (formed) by the manufacturing method of the present embodiment. As shown in FIG. 2C, in the manufacturing method of the present embodiment, six glass panel units 1 are obtained.
- the glass panel unit 1 is basically transparent. For this reason, the members (for example, the sealing material 30 and the spacer 40) inside the glass panel unit 1 can be visually recognized. In FIG. 2B and FIG. 2C, the visually recognized internal members are drawn. FIG. 2C is a diagram when the glass panel unit 1 is viewed from the second panel T20 side.
- the glass panel unit 1 includes a pair of panels T10 and T20 facing each other and a sealing material 30 formed in a frame shape in a state of being bonded to the pair of panels T10 and T20.
- a first panel T10 one of the pair of panels T10 and T20
- a second panel T20 the other panel T20 facing the first panel T10
- 1st panel T10 consists of the 1st glass 10 at least.
- the first panel T10 of the present embodiment is composed of only the first glass 10.
- the second panel T20 is made of at least the second glass 20.
- the second panel T10 of the present embodiment is composed of only the second glass 20.
- the glass panel unit 1 includes a spacer 40.
- the spacer 40 is provided between the first panel T10 and the second panel T20.
- the glass panel unit 1 includes a decompression space 50.
- the decompression space 50 is provided between the first panel T10 and the second panel T20.
- the glass panel unit 1 of the present embodiment includes a vacuum space as the decompression space 50. That is, the glass panel unit 1 of this embodiment is a vacuum glass panel unit (vacuum glass panel).
- the decompression space 50 does not have to be a vacuum space, and may be a space having a pressure lower than the atmospheric pressure.
- the material forming the glass panel unit 1 includes at least a pair of substrates T100 and T200, a glass adhesive 300, and a spacer 40.
- one of the pair of substrates T100 and T200 is referred to as a first substrate T100, and the other is referred to as a second substrate T200.
- the first panel T10 of the glass panel unit 1 is formed from the first substrate T100.
- the second panel T20 of the glass panel unit 1 is formed from the second substrate T200.
- the sealing material 30 of the glass panel unit 1 is formed from a glass adhesive 300. That is, the sealing material 30 is a cured product of the glass adhesive 300.
- a substrate having a size larger than that of the first panel T10 of the final glass panel unit 1 (the glass panel unit 1 after manufacture) is used as the first substrate T100 at the start of manufacture.
- a substrate having a size larger than that of the second panel T20 of the final glass panel unit 1 (the glass panel unit 1 after manufacture) is used as the second substrate T200 at the start of manufacture.
- a substrate having a size including a plurality of (specifically six) first panels T10 is used as the first substrate T100.
- a substrate having a size including a plurality of (specifically, six) second panels T20 is used as the second substrate T200.
- a method of simultaneously manufacturing a plurality of glass panel units 1 using large substrates T100 and T200 as in the present embodiment is called multi-sided drawing. Multiple chamfering can efficiently produce the glass panel unit 1.
- the glass composite 2 including the first substrate T100, the second substrate T200, the glass adhesive 300, and the spacer 40 is formed in the middle stage.
- FIG. 1C and FIG. 2A show the glass composite 2. Further, in the manufacture of the glass panel unit 1, the integrated panel 3 in which the first substrate T100, the second substrate T200, and the glass adhesive 300 are integrated is formed at an intermediate stage. 1D and 2B show the integrated panel 3.
- the manufacturing method of the glass panel unit 1 of this embodiment includes a substrate preparation process, an adhesive arrangement process, an opposing arrangement process, an internal space formation process, a decompression process, a decompression space formation process, a cooling process, and a cutting process.
- the substrate preparation process, the adhesive arrangement process, the opposing arrangement process, the internal space formation process, the decompression process, the decompression space formation process, the cooling process, and the cutting process are started in this order.
- a substrate preparation step (glass plate preparation step) is performed.
- the substrate preparation step is a step of preparing the first substrate T100 and the second substrate T200.
- the first substrate T100 and the second substrate T200 are transparent.
- transparent means translucent, including translucent.
- FIG. 1A shows the prepared first substrate T100.
- the first substrate T100 is made of at least the first glass plate 100.
- the first substrate T100 of the present embodiment is composed only of the first glass plate 100 (glass plate).
- the surface (a first surface T100a and a second surface T100b described later) of the first substrate T100 of the present embodiment is flat.
- the first substrate T100 of this embodiment includes at least one first panel T10.
- the substrate preparation step may include making the first substrate T100 an appropriate size or placing the first substrate T100 in a predetermined apparatus.
- the second substrate T200 is also separately prepared.
- Preparation of the second substrate T200 includes preparing a second substrate T200 having a predetermined size to be paired with the first substrate T100. Note that the second substrate T200 may be prepared after the adhesive placement step.
- the second substrate T200 is made of at least the second glass plate 200.
- the second substrate T200 of the present embodiment is composed only of the second glass plate 200 (glass plate).
- the surface of the second substrate T200 of the present embodiment (a first surface T200a and a second surface T200b described later) is flat.
- the second substrate T200 of this embodiment includes at least one second panel T20.
- FIG. 1C shows the second substrate T200 (however, after being overlaid on the first substrate T100).
- the second substrate T200 has an exhaust hole 201.
- a hole 201a penetrating the second substrate T200 is formed. Further, an exhaust pipe 202 that is integrally attached to the second substrate T200 is provided on the surface of the second substrate T200 (a second surface T200b described later). A hole 202a formed inside the exhaust pipe 202 communicates with the hole 201a, and the exhaust hole 201 is configured by the hole 202a and the hole 201a.
- Preparation of the second substrate T200 may include providing the exhaust hole 201 (the hole 201a and the hole 202a) in the second substrate T200. Further, the exhaust hole 201 may be provided in the first substrate T100 instead of the second substrate T200.
- first surface T100a One surface which is one of the surfaces on both sides in the thickness direction of the first substrate T100 is defined as a first surface T100a, and the other surface is defined as a second surface T100b.
- the first surface T100a is a surface facing the second substrate T200 in the first substrate T100 and is the inner surface of the glass panel unit 1.
- the second surface T100b is a surface opposite to the first surface T100a in the first substrate T100 and is the outer surface of the glass panel unit 1.
- first surface T200a One surface which is one of the two surfaces in the thickness direction of the second substrate T200 is defined as a first surface T200a, and the other surface is defined as a second surface T200b.
- the first surface T200a is a surface facing the first substrate T100 in the second substrate T200 and is the inner surface of the glass panel unit 1.
- the second surface T200b is a surface opposite to the first surface T200a in the second substrate T200 and is the outer surface of the glass panel unit 1.
- the first surface T100a of the first substrate T100 faces the first surface T200a of the second substrate T200.
- a heat reflecting film may be provided on the surface of the first glass plate 100 facing the second substrate T200.
- the first substrate T100 includes the first glass plate 100 and the heat reflecting film.
- a heat reflecting film may be provided on the surface of the second glass plate 200 facing the first substrate T100.
- the second substrate T200 is composed of the second glass plate 200 and the heat reflecting film.
- the heat reflecting film can be provided on the first surface T100a of the first substrate T100 and the first surface T200a of the second substrate T200.
- the heat reflecting film can be provided on at least one of the inner surface of the first glass plate 100 (surface facing the second substrate T200) and the inner surface of the second glass plate 200 (surface facing the first substrate T100). Since the heat reflecting film can reflect heat, the heat insulating property of the glass panel unit 1 is improved.
- the heat reflecting film is composed of, for example, an infrared reflecting film. Infrared rays can be blocked by the infrared reflecting film.
- the heat reflecting film may be a Low-E film.
- the heat reflecting film may have a heat shielding property.
- the heat reflecting film is formed of, for example, a metal thin film having infrared shielding properties. Since the metal thin film is thin and transmits light, it hardly affects the transparency of the glass panel unit 1.
- each of the thickness of the first substrate T100 (that is, the thickness of the first panel T10) and the thickness of the second substrate T200 (that is, the thickness of the second panel T20) is, for example, not less than 1 mm and not more than 10 mm.
- the thickness of the first substrate T100 is the same as the thickness of the second substrate T200. If the thickness of the first substrate T100 and the thickness of the second substrate T200 are the same, the same substrate can be used, so that the manufacture becomes easy.
- the first substrate T100 has a rectangular shape
- the second substrate T200 has a rectangular shape.
- the material of the first substrate T100 (that is, the first panel T10) and the second substrate T200 (that is, the second panel T20) is, for example, soda lime glass, high strain point glass, chemically strengthened glass, alkali-free glass, quartz glass, or neo-serum. Physically tempered glass.
- an adhesive placement step is performed.
- the adhesive placement step as shown in FIG. 1B, at least a frame-shaped portion (a portion made of a first glass adhesive 301 described later) is formed on the first surface T100a of the first substrate T100. It is the process of arrange
- the glass adhesive 300 is disposed on the first substrate T100, the first substrate T100 is disposed with the first surface T100a facing upward.
- the spacer 40 can be disposed together when the glass adhesive 300 is disposed.
- the glass adhesive 300 and the spacer 40 are disposed on the first surface T100a of the first substrate T100.
- the glass adhesive 300 includes hot-melt glass.
- the glass adhesive 300 has at least a frame-like portion when viewed from the thickness direction of the first substrate T100.
- the glass adhesive 300 is cured after being melted, so that the sealing material 30 is finally formed. That is, the sealing material 30 is formed from the glass adhesive 300 and is a cured product of the glass adhesive 300.
- the melting temperature of the glass adhesive 300 exceeds 300 ° C., for example.
- the melting temperature of the glass adhesive 300 may exceed 400 ° C.
- a lower melting temperature of the glass adhesive 300 is advantageous as a process.
- the melting temperature of the glass adhesive 300 is preferably 400 ° C. or lower, and more preferably 360 ° C. or lower.
- the glass adhesive 300 and the spacer 40 are disposed on the first substrate T100.
- the glass adhesive 300 can be arranged by application.
- a dispenser can be used for application.
- the glass adhesive 300 of the present embodiment includes at least two kinds of glass adhesives of a first glass adhesive 301 and a second glass adhesive 302.
- the glass adhesive 300 of this embodiment is composed of a first glass adhesive 301 and a second glass adhesive 302.
- the first glass adhesive 301 and the second glass adhesive 302 are respectively provided at predetermined positions on the first surface T100a of the first substrate T100.
- the second glass adhesive 302 is indicated by a broken line. This means that the second glass adhesive 302 is not provided in all directions along the short side of the first substrate T100.
- the arrangement of the first glass adhesive 301 and the second glass adhesive 302 is understood.
- the arrangement of the first glass adhesive 301 is defined as a first adhesive arrangement process
- the arrangement of the second glass adhesive 302 is defined as a second adhesive arrangement process.
- the adhesive placement step includes a first adhesive placement step and a second glass adhesive placement step. Either the first adhesive placement step or the second adhesive placement step may be performed first. For example, after performing a 1st adhesive arrangement
- the glass adhesive 300 includes glass powder 310 and a binder 320.
- the first glass adhesive 301 includes a glass powder 310 and a binder 320
- the second glass adhesive 302 also includes a glass powder 310 and a binder 320.
- the binder 320 increases the dispersibility of the glass powder 310.
- the binder 320 allows the glass adhesive 300 to be easily applied to the substrate (the first substrate T100 or the second substrate T200).
- the binder 320 included in the first glass adhesive 301 and the binder 320 included in the second glass adhesive 302 may be the same or different.
- the glass powder 310 contained in the first glass adhesive 301 and the glass powder 310 contained in the second glass adhesive 302 may be the same or different.
- the glass powder 310 is composed of heat-meltable glass. Hot-melt glass is also called low-melting glass.
- the glass powder 310 may be a glass frit (specifically, a low melting point glass frit). Examples of the low melting point glass frit include bismuth glass frit (glass frit containing bismuth), lead glass frit (glass frit containing lead), and vanadium glass frit (glass frit containing vanadium).
- a low-melting glass frit is used as the glass powder 310, the glass powder 310 can be melted at a low heating temperature, so that the glass panel unit 1 can be easily manufactured.
- the binder 320 can be made of resin.
- the material of the binder 320 is not particularly limited, and ethyl cellulose, acrylic resin, butyral resin, or the like can be used. These can improve the applicability of the glass adhesive 300.
- the resin constituting the binder 320 is preferably a resin having a low molecular weight and easily decomposing. Since the acrylic resin has good binder removal property (decomposability), it is preferable to use an acrylic resin as the resin constituting the binder 320.
- the glass adhesive 300 may contain a solvent.
- the solvent may be an organic solvent. The solvent is removed by heating when the glass panel unit 1 is manufactured.
- the binder 320 may be dissolved in a solvent or may be dispersed.
- the first glass adhesive 301 is disposed on the periphery of the first surface T100a of the first substrate T100. That is, the first glass adhesive 301 is provided along the outer edge of the first substrate T100.
- the first glass adhesive 301 makes a round on the first substrate T100 to form a frame. That is, the first glass adhesive 301 extends in the circumferential direction of the first surface T100a and is formed in a frame shape.
- the place where the second glass adhesive 302 is disposed is within a range surrounded by the first glass adhesive 301, and partitions the region surrounded by the first glass adhesive 301 on the first surface T100a of the first substrate T100. Placed in.
- 1st glass adhesive 301 and 2nd glass adhesive 302 are provided corresponding to the part used as the edge part of the target glass panel unit 1.
- the second glass adhesive 302 is separated from the first glass adhesive 301. That is, the second glass adhesive 302 is disposed on the first surface T100a of the first substrate T100 while being separated from the first glass adhesive 301.
- a gap air passage 55
- Air is easily removed through this gap.
- the second glass adhesive 302 is arranged to divide the first substrate T100 into six sections.
- FIG. 2A is an example of the arrangement of the second glass adhesives 302, and the number and arrangement pattern of the second glass adhesives 302 are not particularly limited.
- the second glass adhesive 302 is provided in a wall shape.
- an internal space 500 is formed between the first substrate T100 and the second substrate T200.
- the second glass adhesive 302 partitions the internal space 500 into six.
- the partition of the second glass adhesive 302 is not complete, and is performed so that two types of spaces in the internal space 500 are connected.
- the two types of spaces in the internal space 500 include a first space 501 that is not directly connected to the exhaust hole 201 (a space in which the exhaust hole 201 is not provided) and a second space 502 that is directly connected to the exhaust hole 201 (the exhaust hole 201 is Provided space).
- the first space 501 and the second space 502 are partitioned by the second glass adhesive 302.
- the second space 502 directly communicates with the exhaust hole 201 provided in the second substrate T200 (see FIG. 1C).
- the first space 501 communicates with the exhaust hole 201 via the second space 502 and does not directly communicate with the exhaust hole 201.
- the second glass adhesive 302 (all the second glass adhesives 302 in FIG. 2A) is separated from the first glass adhesive 301 (the single first glass adhesive 301 in FIG. 2A), and When the two second glass adhesives 302 (each adjacent second glass adhesive 302 in FIG. 2A) are separated, the first space 501 (five first spaces 501 in FIG. 2A) and the second space 502 (FIG. 2A). Then, a plurality of spaces (six spaces in FIG. 2A) including one second space 502) are connected.
- a gap formed between the first glass adhesive 301 and each second glass adhesive 302 adjacent to the first glass adhesive 301 and a gap formed between each two adjacent second glass adhesives 302 will be described later.
- it functions as an air passage 55 when the internal space 500 of the glass composite 2 is exhausted.
- the air in the first space 501 passes through the ventilation path 55 and is discharged from the second space 502 through the exhaust hole 201.
- the clearance gap formed between the 1st glass adhesive 301 and each 2nd glass adhesive 302 adjacent to it, and the clearance gap formed between each two adjacent 2nd glass adhesive 302 One of them can be omitted. That is, only a gap between the first glass adhesive 301 and the second glass adhesive 302 may be formed, or only a gap between two adjacent second glass adhesives 302 may be formed. .
- the spacer 40 can be disposed after the glass adhesive 300 is disposed. In that case, the arrangement of the spacers 40 becomes easy.
- the spacers 40 may be arranged at equal intervals. Alternatively, the spacers 40 may be arranged irregularly.
- the spacer 40 can be arranged using a chip mounter or the like.
- the spacer 40 may be formed using a thin film forming technique.
- the spacer 40 can support a force for the first substrate T100 and the second substrate T200 to approach each other.
- the glass panel unit 1 of this embodiment includes a plurality of spacers 40.
- the plurality of spacers 40 ensure a distance between the first panel T10 and the second panel T20, and a space (decompression space) 50 is easily formed between the first panel T10 and the second panel T20.
- the plurality of spacers 40 are arranged at intersections of virtual rectangular lattices.
- the spacer 40 of this embodiment is cylindrical.
- the spacer 40 is arrange
- the shape, size, number, pitch, and arrangement pattern of the spacers 40 are not particularly limited and can be appropriately selected.
- the spacer 40 may be prismatic or spherical.
- the spacer 40 is formed from resin, metal, or the like.
- the spacer 40 is preferably formed from polyimide having high heat resistance.
- the spacer 40 may be formed of a resin film.
- a gas adsorber may be disposed on one or both of the first surface T100a of the first substrate T100 and the first surface T200a of the second substrate T200. This gas adsorbent is disposed in the decompression space 50 in the glass panel unit 1 after manufacture.
- the gas adsorber may be a solid or a fluid material.
- the gas adsorber is fixed to at least one of the first surface T100a and the first surface T200a, for example, by bonding.
- the gas adsorbent is a fluid material, the gas adsorbent is applied to, for example, at least one of the first surface T100a and the first surface T200a, and then dried, whereby the first surface T100a. And fixed to at least one of the first surfaces T200a.
- the gas adsorber can include a getter.
- the gas adsorber may be composed only of getters. Since the gas adsorber adsorbs the gas in the decompression space 50, the degree of vacuum in the decompression space 50 is maintained, and the heat insulation is improved.
- the gas adsorbed by the gas adsorber may be derived from the binder 320.
- the facing arrangement step is a step of placing the second substrate T200 on the glass adhesive 300 so as to face the first surface T100a of the first substrate T100.
- the second substrate T200 is disposed on the glass adhesive 300 so as to face the first surface T100a of the first substrate T100, whereby the first substrate T100, the second substrate T200, the glass adhesive 300, and the like.
- the glass composite 2 including the spacer 40 is formed.
- the glass composite 2 has an internal space 500 formed between the first substrate T100 and the second substrate T200. As described with reference to FIG. 2A, the internal space 500 formed between the first substrate T100 and the second substrate T200 is partitioned. In FIG. 1C, the second glass adhesive 302 is indicated by a broken line. The second glass adhesive 302 does not completely divide the internal space 500.
- an internal space forming process is performed.
- the glass composite 2 is heated to remove the binder 320 included in the glass adhesive 300 and at the same time, the first glass adhesive 301 of the first glass adhesive 301 and the second glass adhesive 302 is bonded. Only the agent 301 (only the glass powder 310 contained in the first glass adhesive 301) is melted, so that the first substrate T100 and the second substrate T200 are surrounded by the melt of the first glass adhesive 301. This is a process of forming the internal space 500.
- the melting of the glass adhesive 300 may mean that the glass powder 310 (heat-meltable glass) is softened by heat and can be deformed or bonded.
- the meltability to the extent that the glass adhesive 300 flows out may not be exhibited.
- the glass composite 2 is heated, for example, in a heating furnace.
- the first glass adhesive 301 and the second glass adhesive 302 of the present embodiment are different, and the heat melting temperature of the first glass adhesive 301 is lower than the heat melting temperature of the second glass adhesive 302. That is, the first glass adhesive 301 melts at a lower temperature than the second glass adhesive 302.
- the glass adhesive 300 is heated to a temperature that is higher than the heat melting temperature of the first glass adhesive 301 and lower than the heat melting temperature of the second glass adhesive 302, so that the first glass bonding is performed. Of the adhesive 301 and the second glass adhesive 302, only the first glass adhesive 301 is melted.
- the first glass adhesive 301 bonds the first substrate T100 and the second substrate T200, and the internal space 500 is sealed except for the region corresponding to the exhaust hole 201. Is done.
- the internal space 500 is a space surrounded by the first substrate T100, the second substrate T200, and the melt of the first glass adhesive 301.
- the internal space 500 is formed between the first substrate T100 and the second substrate T200, surrounded by the melt of the glass adhesive 300.
- the temperature at which the first glass adhesive 301 melts and the second glass adhesive 302 does not melt is defined as the first melting temperature. Since the second glass adhesive 302 does not melt at the first melting temperature, the second glass adhesive 302 maintains its shape.
- the binder 320 in the glass adhesive 300 (the first glass adhesive 301 and the second glass adhesive 302) is thermally decomposed into gas and removed. And the 1st glass adhesive 301 melt
- the heat melting temperature of the first glass adhesive 301 may be the same as the heat melting temperature of the second glass adhesive 302.
- the internal space 500 is decompressed, for example, when the glass adhesive 300 is heated.
- the binder 320 included in the glass adhesive 300 (the first glass adhesive 301 and the second glass adhesive 302) is used so as to easily apply the glass adhesive 300, and ideally a glass panel. It is preferable that the unit 1 is completely removed during manufacture. That is, in the glass adhesive 300, the glass powder 310 can be melted and integrated while removing the binder 320 by heating. By heating, the binder 320 is thermally decomposed and removed as a gas.
- the particle size of the glass powder 310 is optimized as follows, and the removal effect of the binder 320 is enhanced.
- the glass adhesive 300 of this embodiment includes a glass powder 310 having an average particle diameter of 25 ⁇ m or more and 30 ⁇ m or less and a binder 320 at least in part. More specifically, the glass adhesive 300 includes a first glass adhesive 301 and a second glass adhesive 302, and at least the second glass adhesive 302 has a glass powder 310 having an average particle size of 25 ⁇ m to 30 ⁇ m. And a binder 320. In this case, the at least one part is the second glass adhesive 302.
- Both the first glass adhesive 301 and the second glass adhesive 302 may include a glass powder 310 and a binder 320 having an average particle size of 25 ⁇ m or more and 30 ⁇ m or less. In this case, since the glass powder 310 having the same average particle diameter can be used for both the first glass adhesive 301 and the second glass adhesive 302, the manufacturing can be facilitated.
- the second glass adhesive 302 includes a glass powder 310 having an average particle size of 25 ⁇ m or more and 30 ⁇ m or less and a binder 320
- the first glass adhesive 301 is a glass powder 310 having an average particle size of 25 ⁇ m or more and 30 ⁇ m or less (for example, an average Particle size of 10 ⁇ m or more and 15 ⁇ m or less) and a binder 320 may be included.
- glass powder 310 having an average particle diameter of 10 ⁇ m or more and 15 ⁇ m or less that can be used more easily can be used as a part of glass adhesive 300, so that the production can be facilitated.
- a part of the glass adhesive 300 may include the glass powder 310 having an average particle diameter of 25 ⁇ m or more and 30 ⁇ m or less, or the entire glass adhesive 300 includes the glass powder 310 having an average particle diameter of 25 ⁇ m or more and 30 ⁇ m or less. May be included.
- the first glass adhesive 301 is disposed on the periphery (including the periphery) of the first substrate T100.
- the 2nd glass adhesive 302 is arrange
- the 1st glass adhesive 301 exists in the peripheral part (namely, edge part) of 1st board
- the second glass adhesive 302 is not in the peripheral portion of the first substrate T100 but inside the first glass adhesive 301, so that the binder 320 is not easily removed.
- the second glass adhesive 302 is sandwiched between the two substrates T100 and T200 and is not connected to the external environment, so that the binder 320 is difficult to be removed. For this reason, it becomes possible to remove the binder 320 effectively by making the average particle diameter of the glass powder 310 contained in the 2nd glass adhesive 302 into 25 micrometers or more and 30 micrometers or less.
- the particle size of the glass powder 310 is measured by a particle size distribution meter.
- the particle size distribution meter is preferably a laser diffraction type.
- the average particle diameter of the glass powder 310 is the value of the median diameter (D50).
- the binder 320 is easily removed without performing temporary baking or additional heating for removing the binder 320. For this reason, temporary baking and additional heating can be omitted, and the production efficiency can be improved.
- the heating and melting of the glass adhesive 300 will be described with reference to FIGS. 3A to 3C.
- FIG. 3A to 3C are schematic views of the glass adhesive 300.
- FIG. FIG. 3A shows the glass adhesive 300 disposed on the first substrate T100 or the second substrate T200. This glass adhesive 300 is in a state before the binder 320 is removed.
- FIG. 3B shows the glass adhesive 300 in a state where the glass adhesive 300 is heated and the binder 320 is removed.
- FIG. 3C shows the glass adhesive 300 in which the glass powder 310 is melted and integrated.
- the glass adhesive 300 includes glass powder (glass particles) 310 and a binder (binder component) 320.
- the glass powder 310 shown in FIG. 3A is a glass powder particle contained in the glass adhesive 300.
- the binder 32 illustrated in FIG. 3A is a binder component included in the glass adhesive 300.
- the binder 320 may be dispersed in a solvent.
- the glass adhesive 300 When the glass adhesive 300 is applied on the first substrate T100 or the second substrate T200, the glass powder 310 is stacked as shown in FIG. 3A, and the binder 320 is present in the gap between the glass powders 310. Become.
- the binder 320 is removed as shown in FIG. 3B, and a deposit of the glass powder 310 remains.
- the glass adhesive 300 is heated when the first substrate T100 and the second substrate T200 are bonded.
- the binder 320 since the binder 320 goes out through the gap between the adjacent glass particles 310, it may be difficult to sufficiently remove the binder 320 in the manufacture of the glass panel unit 1. If the binder 320 remains, the adhesive strength between the pair of substrates T100 and T200 may decrease. In particular, as described above, since the second glass adhesive 302 is not exposed to the outside, the binder 320 is difficult to be removed.
- the first glass adhesive 301 on the periphery of the glass composite 2 can remove the binder 320 by receiving air from the outside of the glass composite 2 during heating, but the second glass adhesive 302 This is because the air is not delivered because it is inside the glass composite 2.
- the second glass adhesive 302 includes a glass powder 310 having an average particle size of 25 ⁇ m or more and 30 ⁇ m or less, and a binder 320.
- the gap formed between the glass powders 310 shown in FIG. 3A becomes relatively large, and the binder 320 is easily removed.
- the gap formed between the glass powders 310 becomes too small, so that the binder (binder component) 320 is not sufficiently removed.
- the particle size of the glass powder 310 is increased, the gap between the adjacent glass powders 310 is expanded, and the decomposition gas is easily released from the second glass adhesive 302.
- the binder 320 may not be sufficiently removed.
- the average particle size of the glass powder 310 is larger than 30 ⁇ m, the glass is fused and integrated (integration of the glass powders 310, integration of the glass powder 310 and the first substrate T100, and glass powder 310 and the second glass powder 310). (Integration with the substrate T200) may not be sufficient.
- the glass powder 310 from which the binder 320 has been removed is melted by further heating and integrated as shown in FIG. 3C. That is, the firing of the glass proceeds.
- the first substrate T100 and the second substrate T200 are strongly bonded by the glass adhesive 300 (glass adhesive integrated product 330) integrated as described above.
- the removal of the binder 320 and the melting of the glass powder 310 can proceed by heating the glass adhesive 300 as described above.
- the decompression step of the present embodiment is a step of exhausting the internal space 500 of the glass composite 2 after the glass powder 310 of the first glass adhesive 301 reaches the first melting temperature.
- exhausting is started after the glass powder 310 of the first glass adhesive 301 reaches the first melting temperature, the gas in the internal space 500 is exhausted, and the internal space 500 is decompressed. .
- the internal space 500 may be exhausted after the temperature of the glass adhesive 300 is lowered to a temperature (exhaust start temperature) lower than the first melting temperature. If the shape of the glass composite 2 is not disturbed, the exhaust of the internal space 500 may be started before reaching the first melting temperature.
- the exhaust of the internal space 500 is performed by, for example, a vacuum pump leading to the exhaust hole 201 and can be performed through the exhaust hole 201.
- a pipe extending from the vacuum pump is connected to the exhaust pipe 202 so that the vacuum pump communicates with the exhaust hole 201.
- the exhaust method of the internal space 500 mentioned above is an example, and another exhaust method may be employ
- the entire glass composite 2 may be placed in a vacuum chamber, and the entire glass composite 2 may be evacuated.
- FIG. 1C the direction in which gas is discharged from the internal space 500 is indicated by an upward arrow.
- the direction in which air moves through a plurality of spaces including the first space 501 and the second space 502 is indicated by a right-pointing arrow.
- the second glass adhesive 302 is disposed so as to provide the air passage 55, air is discharged from the exhaust hole 201 through the air passage 55. Thereby, the internal space 500 including the first space 501 and the second space 502 is in a decompressed state (vacuum state).
- the binder 320 can be removed together with the air.
- the binder 320 exists in the glass adhesive 300 or is thermally decomposed and exists in the internal space 500.
- the binder 320 is effectively removed.
- the binder 320 is difficult to remove, but the binder 320 can be sufficiently removed by decompression.
- the decompression space forming step is a step of forming the decompressed space 50 sealed from the internal space 500 by sealing the interior space 500 decompressed in the decompression step while maintaining the decompressed state.
- the heating temperature of the glass composite 2 is further increased after the degree of vacuum of the internal space 500 reaches a predetermined value in the decompression step described above. This increase in the heating temperature is performed while continuing to exhaust the internal space 500. Due to the increase in the heating temperature, the temperature of the glass powder 310 of the second glass adhesive 302 reaches a second melting temperature higher than the first melting temperature, and the second glass adhesive 302 is melted.
- the second melting temperature is, for example, 10 ° C. or more and 100 ° C. or less higher than the first melting temperature.
- the first substrate T100 and the second substrate T200 are located at the place where the second glass adhesive 302 is disposed.
- the second glass adhesive 302 is melted and bonded. That is, the melted second glass adhesive 302 bonds the first substrate T100 and the second substrate T200 at the location of the second glass adhesive 302.
- the second glass adhesive 302 is softened by its meltability.
- the softened second glass adhesive 302 is deformed to block the air passage 55.
- a gap (air passage 55) provided between the first glass adhesive 301 and each second glass adhesive 302 adjacent to the first glass adhesive 301 is closed.
- a gap (air passage 55) provided between two adjacent second glass adhesives 302 is closed.
- the melt of the first glass adhesive 301 and the melt of the second glass adhesive 302 are in contact with each other, and the two adjacent second glass adhesives 302 are in contact with each other, so that the internal space 500 is sealed.
- the reduced pressure space 50 is formed. That is, due to the deformation of the second glass adhesive 302, the internal space 500 is sealed while maintaining a reduced pressure state, and a plurality of reduced pressure spaces 50 are generated.
- the glass composite 2 is heated in two stages, whereby the removal of the binder 320 and the melting of the glass powder 310 proceed. That is, in this embodiment, by heating the glass composite 2, the temperature of the glass adhesive 300 is raised to a temperature at which the first glass adhesive 301 is melted and maintained at this temperature. By heating 2, the temperature of the glass adhesive 300 is further increased to reach the temperature at which the second glass adhesive 302 melts.
- the heating of the glass adhesive 300 may be performed in three or more stages.
- the first stage heating for raising the temperature of the glass adhesive 300 to a temperature at which the first glass adhesive 301 is melted is defined as a first heating step. Further, after the first heating step, the second stage heating in which the temperature of the glass adhesive 300 is further increased to reach the temperature at which the second glass adhesive 302 is melted is defined as the second heating step.
- the first glass adhesive 301 is melted and the second glass adhesive 302 is not melted. That is, the first glass adhesive 301 is melted before the second glass adhesive 302.
- the removal of the binder 320 is mainly performed in the first heating process. That is, most of the binder 320 can be removed in the first heating step. However, the binder 320 may remain even after the first heating step. In this case, the binder 320 can be further removed in the second heating step.
- FIG. 1D and FIG. 2B show the glass composite 2 after the air passage 55 is blocked.
- the glass composite 2 is integrated by the adhesive action of the glass adhesive 300.
- the integrated glass composite 2 becomes an integrated panel 3.
- the first substrate T100, the second substrate T200, and the glass adhesive 300 are combined and integrated.
- the integrated panel 3 has a plurality of portions (six in this embodiment) that become the glass panel unit 1.
- the first glass adhesive 301 and the second glass adhesive 302 are integrated, and the sealing material 30 composed of the first glass adhesive 301 and the second glass adhesive 302 is formed.
- the sealing material 30 surrounds the decompression space 50.
- the first glass adhesive 301 is a part of the sealing material 30, and the second glass adhesive 302 is another part of the sealing material 30.
- decompression spaces 50 are formed in the integrated panel 3. These six decompression spaces 50 are formed by dividing the internal space 500 surrounded by the first glass adhesive 301 into a plurality of parts by the second glass adhesive 302.
- a plurality of spaces formed by dividing the internal space 500 surrounded by the first glass adhesive 301 into a plurality of parts by the second glass adhesive 302 are not connected to each other. As these spaces, there are a space formed from the first space 501 and a space formed from the second space 502.
- a space that is formed from the first space 501 and is completely sealed without the exhaust hole 201 functions as the decompression space 50 of the glass panel unit 1 as it is.
- a space formed from the second space 502 and having the exhaust holes 201 becomes the decompressed space 50 by sealing the exhaust holes 201. That is, in the reduced pressure space forming step, as described above, after the second glass adhesive 302 is melted, the exhaust hole 201 is sealed.
- the exhaust hole 201 is closed by a sealing portion 203, for example. Thereby, the decompression state (vacuum state) of the decompression space 50 can be maintained.
- the sealing portion 203 can be formed from the exhaust pipe 202. Sealing portion 203 can be formed by, for example, thermal welding of glass constituting exhaust pipe 202.
- the exhaust of the internal space 500 by the vacuum pump described above is terminated after the decompression space 50 is formed and the exhaust hole 201 is closed, for example. Since the decompression space 50 is hermetically sealed, the decompressed state (vacuum state) is maintained even when the exhaust of the internal space 500 is exhausted. For safety, exhaust of the internal space 500 is stopped after a cooling process described later.
- a cap 204 covering the sealing portion 203 is disposed outside the sealing portion 203. Since the cap 204 covers the sealing portion 203, the closing property of the exhaust hole 201 is improved. In addition, the cap 204 suppresses damage at the peripheral portion of the exhaust hole 201 and also suppresses damage at the sealing portion 203.
- a cooling process is performed after a decompression space formation process.
- the cooling step is a step of cooling the integrated panel 3 after the decompression space 50 is formed.
- the cutting process is a process of cutting the integrated panel 3.
- the integrated panel 3 includes a plurality of glass panel units 1.
- the glass panel unit 1 includes a decompression space 50.
- disconnection location of the integrated panel 3 is shown with the dashed-dotted line (cutting line) CL.
- the integrated panel 3 is cut
- the integrated panel 3 is cut at a location where the decompression space 50 is not destroyed (that is, a location where the sealing material 30 exists).
- the glass panel unit 1 is individualized.
- the glass panel unit 1 can be obtained (taken out) by cutting the integrated panel 3.
- cut surfaces are formed on the panels T10 and T20 of the glass panel unit 1.
- the manufacturing of the glass panel unit 1 further includes a cutting step of cutting the first substrate T100 and the second substrate T200.
- a cutting step of cutting the first substrate T100 and the second substrate T200 By cutting the pair of substrates T100 and T200, a plurality of glass panel units 1 can be manufactured simultaneously. Further, by manufacturing the glass panel unit 1 by cutting the substrates T100 and T200 in this way, the glass panel unit 1 without the exhaust holes 201 can be easily obtained.
- the glass panel unit 1 without the exhaust hole 201 and the glass panel unit 1A in which the exhaust hole 201 remains (but is sealed) are obtained.
- the absence of the exhaust hole 201 means that there is no exhaust hole for forming a vacuum.
- the glass panel unit 1 has a rectangular shape.
- the first panel T10 and the second panel T20 have the same outer edge in plan view.
- the plan view means that the glass panel unit 1 is viewed along the thickness direction.
- the decompression space 50 is sealed with the first panel T10, the second panel T20, and the sealing material 30.
- the sealing material 30 functions as a sealer.
- the decompression space 50 has a degree of vacuum of a predetermined value or less.
- the predetermined value of the degree of vacuum is, for example, 0.01 Pa.
- the thickness of the decompression space 50 is, for example, 10 ⁇ m or more and 1000 ⁇ m or less.
- the glass panel unit 1 can be applied to a building, for example.
- the glass panel unit 1 can be used for, for example, a window, a partition, a signage, and a showcase glass (including a refrigerated showcase and a heat insulating showcase).
- the glass adhesive 300 includes the glass powder 310 having an average particle size of 25 ⁇ m to 30 ⁇ m and the binder 320. For this reason, the binder 320 is effectively removed, the adhesiveness of the glass is increased, and the heat insulation is excellent.
- the removal effect of the binder 320 has been confirmed by the following experiment, for example.
- a substrate glass plate having a size of 2350 mm ⁇ 1360 mm is prepared.
- the suitable example glass powder with an average particle diameter of 25 ⁇ m or more and 30 ⁇ m or less and a binder
- the unsuitable example containing a glass powder and a binder with an average particle diameter of 10 ⁇ m or more but less than 15 ⁇ m are prepared.
- the manufacturing method of the glass panel unit 1 of this embodiment is an example, and the manufacturing method of the glass panel unit 1 is not limited to the manufacturing method of the glass panel unit 1 of this embodiment.
- the glass panel unit 1 may be manufactured such that one glass panel unit 1 is manufactured from a pair of substrates.
- the first glass adhesive 301 and the second glass adhesive 302 may be arranged in contact with each other.
- FIG. 4A and 4B are plan views showing a state in the middle of forming the glass panel unit 1 of the present embodiment.
- FIG. 4A is a view corresponding to FIG. 2A and shows a state in which the glass adhesive 300 is disposed between the first substrate T100 and the second substrate T200.
- FIG. 4B is a view corresponding to FIG. 2C and shows a state after the integrated panel 3 is cut.
- one glass panel unit 1 is manufactured from two substrates T100 and T200 (a first substrate T100 and a second substrate T200).
- One glass composite 2 becomes one integrated panel 3 and finally becomes one glass panel unit 1.
- the manufacturing method of this embodiment is not multi-chamfering.
- the second space 502 is not closed. Therefore, the integrated panel 3 includes a portion 101 that becomes the glass panel unit 1 and a portion 102 in which the second space 502 that is finally removed is formed.
- the second glass adhesive 302 is placed in contact with the first glass adhesive 301, but the second glass adhesive 302 is the first glass. You may arrange
- the specific manufacturing method of this embodiment is the same as that of the first embodiment described above.
- the glass adhesive 300 (especially the 2nd glass adhesive 302) contains the glass powder 310 with an average particle diameter of 25 micrometers or more and 30 micrometers or less, and becomes easy to remove the binder 320 fully. For this reason, the glass panel unit 1 in which the pair of panels T10 and T20 have high adhesive strength and hardly break down can be manufactured.
- the glass panel unit 1 of 3rd Embodiment has an additional structure in 1st Embodiment or 2nd Embodiment.
- symbol is attached
- the glass panel unit 1 includes a third panel T60 disposed so as to face the second panel T20.
- the third panel T60 faces the second panel T20 (specifically, the surface of the second panel T20 opposite to the first panel T10), but the first panel T10 ( Specifically, the surface of the first panel T10 opposite to the second panel T20 may be opposed.
- the third panel T60 is made of at least the third glass 60.
- the third panel T60 of the present embodiment is composed only of the third glass 60.
- the third panel T60 may include a heat reflecting film on any surface. That is, the heat reflecting film may be provided on any one of the surfaces on both sides in the thickness direction of the third glass 60.
- the third panel T60 is composed of the third glass 60 and the heat reflecting film.
- the heat reflection film may be provided on either the surface on the second panel T20 side or the surface on the opposite side to the second panel T20 among the surfaces on both sides in the thickness direction of the third glass 60. Further, the heat reflecting film may be provided on both surfaces in the thickness direction of the third glass 60.
- the glass panel unit 1 includes a sealing material 70 that is disposed between the second panel T20 and the third panel T60 and that hermetically joins the second panel T20 and the third panel T60. That is, the glass panel unit 1 of the present embodiment includes the first sealing material 30 configured by the sealing material 30 and the second sealing material 70 configured by the sealing material 70.
- the second sealing material 70 is formed and arranged in a frame shape between the peripheral edge of the second panel T20 and the peripheral edge of the third panel T60.
- the second sealing material 70 is formed from a glass adhesive. That is, the second sealing material 70 is a cured product of a glass adhesive.
- the second sealing material 70 may be formed from the same glass adhesive as the first sealing material 30, or may be formed from a glass adhesive different from the first sealing material 30.
- the glass panel unit 1 is sealed with the second panel T20, the third panel T60, and the second sealing material 70, and includes an airtight space 80 filled with a dry gas.
- a dry gas a dry rare gas such as argon, dry air, or the like is used, but it is not particularly limited.
- a hollow frame member 61 is formed and arranged in a frame shape inside the second sealing material 70 between the peripheral edge of the second panel T20 and the peripheral edge of the third panel T60.
- the frame member 61 of the present embodiment has a frame shape along the second sealing material 70.
- the frame member 61 is formed with a through-hole 62 that communicates with the airtight space 80, and a desiccant 63 such as silica gel is accommodated inside the frame member 61.
- the joining of the second panel T20 and the third panel T60 can be performed in substantially the same manner as the joining of the first panel T10 and the second panel T20, and will be described below.
- a third substrate T600 which will later become the third panel T60, and an assembly (the glass panel unit 1 in the first embodiment or the second embodiment) having the first panel T10 and the second panel T20 are prepared.
- the third substrate T600 includes at least a third glass plate 600.
- the third substrate T600 is constituted only by the third glass plate 600.
- the third substrate T600 has a flat surface (surfaces on both sides in the thickness direction), and the third substrate T600 has a predetermined thickness.
- the third substrate T600 may include a heat reflecting film on any surface. That is, the heat reflecting film may be provided on any one of the surfaces on both sides in the thickness direction of the third glass plate 600.
- the third substrate T600 is constituted by the third glass plate 600 and the heat reflecting film.
- the heat reflecting film may be provided on either the surface on the second panel T20 side or the surface on the opposite side to the second panel T20 among the surfaces on both sides in the thickness direction of the third glass plate 600. Further, the heat reflecting film may be provided on both surfaces in the thickness direction of the third glass plate 600.
- a glass adhesive (third glass adhesive 700) that later becomes the second sealing material 70 is a peripheral portion of the surface of the third substrate T600 (surface on the second panel T20 side) or the second panel T20 (second substrate T200). ) Is formed and arranged in the shape of a frame on the periphery of the surface (the surface on the third substrate T600 side) (third glass adhesive arranging step).
- the third substrate T600 and the second panel T20 are disposed to face each other (third substrate facing placement step).
- an airtight space forming step is configured by the third glass adhesive arranging step, the third substrate facing arranging step, and the third glass adhesive heating step.
- dry gas is sealed in the airtight space 80 (dry gas sealing step).
- the sealing of the dry gas is performed, for example, through an exhaust hole formed in the third substrate T600 or the third adhesive 700.
- the airtight space 80 may be filled with only dry gas, or air may remain.
- the glass panel unit 1 is formed as described above. Since the glass panel unit 1 of this embodiment has the airtight space 80, further heat insulation is obtained.
- the glass panel unit 1 of 4th Embodiment comprises the glass window 90 using the glass panel unit 1 of any one of 1st-3rd embodiment.
- the same reference numerals are assigned to configurations common to the first to third embodiments, and the description thereof is omitted.
- a glass window 90 is configured by fitting a window frame 91 having a U-shaped cross section on the outside of the peripheral edge of the glass panel unit 1 of the present embodiment. According to the glass window 90 of the fourth embodiment, further heat insulation can be obtained.
- the method for manufacturing the glass panel unit 1 may be a method other than the first to fourth embodiments.
- only one type of adhesive may be used as the glass adhesive 300, and the glass adhesive 300 may be disposed only on the peripheral edge (including the peripheral edge) of the first substrate T100.
- the decompression space 50 is sealed by welding the exhaust pipe 202.
- the internal space 500 of the glass composite 2 does not have to be partitioned into a plurality by the glass adhesive 300.
- the present manufacturing method can be applied more effectively by using two types of glass adhesives 300 as in the first to fourth embodiments.
- the manufacturing method of the glass panel unit (1) of the first to fourth embodiments described above has the following characteristics.
- the manufacturing method of a glass panel unit (1) includes an adhesive placement step, an opposing placement step, an internal space formation step, a pressure reduction step, and a pressure reduction space formation step.
- the adhesive placement step is an average of one surface (the first surface (T100a)) that is one of the surfaces on both sides in the thickness direction of the first substrate (T100) made of at least the first glass plate (100).
- a glass adhesive (300) including a glass powder (310) having a particle size of 25 ⁇ m or more and 30 ⁇ m or less and a binder (320) is disposed so that at least a frame-shaped portion (first adhesive (301)) is formed.
- the adhesive arranging step is a step of arranging the glass adhesive (300) in a frame shape on the first substrate (T100), and at least a part of the glass adhesive (300) is formed. And a glass powder (310) having an average particle size of 25 ⁇ m or more and 30 ⁇ m or less, and a binder (320)
- the opposing arrangement step includes at least a second substrate (T200) made of the second glass plate (200), surface
- the glass composite (2) is obtained by this opposing arrangement process, and the glass composite (2) is composed of a first substrate (T100), a second substrate (T200), and glass.
- the glass composite (2) is heated to remove the binder (320), the glass adhesive (300) is melted, and the first substrate (T100).
- the reduced pressure space forming step is a process of reducing the pressure of the internal space 500 by sealing the internal space 500 while maintaining the reduced pressure state.
- the process of forming The method for producing the glass panel unit (1) is referred to as the production method of the first aspect.
- a binder is used by using the glass adhesive (300) containing the glass powder (310) with an average particle diameter of 25 micrometers or more and 30 micrometers or less, and a binder (320). (320) can be effectively removed. For this reason, the decompression space (50) can be formed stably, and the glass panel unit (1) having a high adhesive strength between the pair of substrates (T100, T200) and less likely to break can be manufactured.
- the manufacturing method of the glass panel unit (1) of the first to fourth embodiments has the following additional features in addition to the features of the manufacturing method of the glass panel unit (1) of the first aspect.
- the glass adhesive (300) includes a first glass adhesive (301) and a second glass adhesive (302). Of the first glass adhesive (301) and the second glass adhesive (302), at least the second glass adhesive (302) has a glass powder (310) and a binder (320) having an average particle size of 25 ⁇ m or more and 30 ⁇ m or less. Including.
- the adhesive placement step includes a first adhesive placement step of placing the first glass adhesive (301) on the peripheral portion of the one surface (T100a) of the first substrate (T100), and a second glass adhesive (302 ) On the one surface (T100a) so as to partition the region surrounded by the first glass adhesive (301).
- positioning process is a process of arrange
- the second adhesive arranging step is a step of arranging the second glass adhesive (302) on the one surface (T100a) so as to partition the substrate region surrounded by the first glass adhesive (301).
- the manufacturing method of this glass panel unit (1) is called manufacturing method of the glass panel unit (1) of a 2nd aspect.
- the manufacturing method of the glass panel unit (1) of a 2nd aspect it arrange
- the binder (320) can be easily removed from the substrate, and the adhesive strength between the pair of substrates (T100, T200) can be further improved.
- the manufacturing method of the glass panel unit (1) of the first to fourth embodiments has the following additional features in addition to the characteristics of the manufacturing method of the glass panel unit (1) of the second aspect. .
- the second glass adhesive (302) is placed away from the first glass adhesive (301).
- the reduced pressure space forming step the second glass adhesive (302) is melted, the melt of the first glass adhesive (301) and the melt of the second glass adhesive (302) are brought into contact with each other, and the reduced pressure space (50 Forming).
- the manufacturing method of this glass panel unit (1) is called the manufacturing method of the glass panel unit (1) of a 3rd aspect.
- a portion where the first glass adhesive (301) and the second glass adhesive (302) are separated from each other is made to function as an air passage (55) and a binder ( 320) can be removed, and the adhesive strength between the pair of substrates (T100, T200) can be increased. Moreover, it becomes easy to manufacture a glass panel unit (1) several sheets simultaneously. Moreover, it becomes easy to manufacture the glass panel unit (1) without an exhaust hole (201).
- the method for manufacturing the glass panel unit (1) of the first to third embodiments includes the following additional features.
- the manufacturing method of this glass panel unit (1) is called the manufacturing method of the glass panel unit (1) of a 4th aspect.
- the manufacturing method of the glass panel unit (1) of the fourth aspect it becomes possible to manufacture a plurality of glass panel units (1) at the same time, and the glass panel unit (1) can be manufactured efficiently. Moreover, it becomes easy to manufacture the glass panel unit (1) without the exhaust hole (201), and the glass panel unit (1) having an excellent appearance can be obtained.
- the manufacturing method of the glass panel unit (1) of the third embodiment has the following additional features in addition to the features of the manufacturing method of the glass panel unit (1) of the first to fourth aspects.
- the manufacturing method of a glass panel unit (1) further includes an airtight space forming step.
- the hermetic space forming step includes a glass adhesive (third glass adhesive) between the third substrate (T600) made of at least the third glass plate (600) and the first substrate (T100) or the second substrate (T200). (700)) is disposed in a process of forming an airtight space (80) surrounded by the glass adhesive, the third substrate (T600) and the first substrate (T100) or the second substrate (T200). is there.
- the manufacturing method of this glass panel unit (1) is called manufacturing method of the glass panel unit (1) of a 5th aspect.
- the manufacturing method of the glass panel unit (1) of the fifth aspect it is possible to manufacture a glass panel unit (1) having an airtight space (80) and having excellent heat insulation.
- the manufacturing method of the glass window (90) of 4th Embodiment has the characteristics shown below.
- the method for manufacturing the glass window (90) includes a window frame (91) on the glass panel unit (1) manufactured by the method for manufacturing the glass panel unit (1) of any one of the first to fifth aspects.
- the manufacturing method of this glass window (90) is called the manufacturing method of the glass window (90) of a 6th aspect.
- the glass window (90) in which the window frame (91) is fitted into the glass panel unit (1) can be manufactured.
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Abstract
Description
まず、第1実施形態について説明する。図1A~図1E及び図2A~図2Cは、本実施形態のガラスパネルユニット1の製造方法の一例(製造例)を示している。図1A~図1Eは、ガラスパネルユニット1を形成する途中の状態を示した断面図である。図2A~図2Cは、ガラスパネルユニット1を形成する途中の状態を示した平面図である。
図1E及び図2Cは、本実施形態の製造方法によって製造(形成)されるガラスパネルユニット1を示している。図2Cに示すように、本実施形態の製造方法では、6つのガラスパネルユニット1が得られる。
本実施形態では、製造開始時の第1基板T100として、最終のガラスパネルユニット1(製造後のガラスパネルユニット1)の第1パネルT10よりもサイズが大きい基板が用いられる。また、本実施形態の製造方法では、製造開始時の第2基板T200として、最終のガラスパネルユニット1(製造後のガラスパネルユニット1)の第2パネルT20よりもサイズが大きい基板が用いられる。
ガラスパネルユニット1の製造にあたって、まず、基板準備工程(ガラス板準備工程)が行われる。基板準備工程は、第1基板T100と第2基板T200とを準備する工程である。
第1基板T100の準備の後(基板準備工程の後)、接着剤配置工程が行われる。接着剤配置工程は、図1Bに示すように、第1基板T100の第1面T100aに、ガラス接着剤300を少なくとも枠状の部分(後述する第1ガラス接着剤301からなる部分)が形成されるように配置する工程である。ガラス接着剤300を第1基板T100に配置する際には、第1基板T100は第1面T100aを上方に向けた状態で配置される。
上述の接着剤配置工程の後、対向配置工程が行われる。対向配置工程は、図1C及び図2Aに示すように、第2基板T200を、第1基板T100の第1面T100aに対向させて、ガラス接着剤300の上に配置する工程である。
上述の対向配置工程の後、内部空間形成工程が行われる。内部空間形成工程は、ガラス複合物2を加熱することで、ガラス接着剤300に含まれるバインダ320を除去すると同時に、第1ガラス接着剤301及び第2ガラス接着剤302のうち、第1ガラス接着剤301のみ(第1ガラス接着剤301に含まれるガラス粉末310のみ)を溶融させ、これにより、第1基板T100と第2基板T200との間に、第1ガラス接着剤301の溶融物で囲まれた内部空間500を形成する工程である。
上述した内部空間形成工程の後に、減圧工程が行われる。本実施形態の減圧工程は、第1ガラス接着剤301のガラス粉末310が第1溶融温度に達した後において、ガラス複合物2の内部空間500の排気を行う工程である。
上述の減圧工程において内部空間500の真空度が所定の値になった後、減圧空間形成工程が行われる。減圧空間形成工程は、減圧工程において減圧された内部空間500を減圧した状態を維持したまま封止して、内部空間500から密閉された減圧空間50を形成する工程である。
減圧空間形成工程の後、冷却工程が行われる。冷却工程は、減圧空間50の形成後に一体化パネル3を冷却する工程である。
冷却工程の後に、切断工程が行われる。切断工程は、一体化パネル3を切断する工程である。一体化パネル3は、複数のガラスパネルユニット1を含んでいる。ガラスパネルユニット1は減圧空間50を含んでいる。図1D及び図2Bでは、一体化パネル3の切断箇所が一点鎖線(切断線)CLで示されている。一体化パネル3は、たとえば、ガラスパネルユニット1となる部分101の外縁に沿って切断される。減圧空間50が破壊されない箇所(すなわち、封止材30が存在する箇所)で、一体化パネル3は切断される。
次に第2実施形態について説明する。なお、以下の第2実施形態の説明では、第1実施形態と共通する構成については同一の符号を付して説明を省略する。
次に、図5に基づいて第3実施形態について説明する。なお、第3実施形態のガラスパネルユニット1は、第1実施形態又は第2実施形態において追加の構成を有する。このため、以下の説明では、第1実施形態及び第2実施形態と共通する構成については同一の符号を付して説明を省略する。
次に、図6に基づいて第4実施形態について説明する。なお、第4実施形態のガラスパネルユニット1は、第1~第3実施形態のうちのいずれかの実施形態のガラスパネルユニット1を用いてガラス窓90を構成する。このため、以下の説明では、第1~第3実施形態と共通する構成については同一の符号を付して説明を省略する。
ガラスパネルユニット1の製造方法は、第1~第4実施形態以外の方法であってもよい。たとえば、ガラス接着剤300として1種の接着剤のみを使用し、ガラス接着剤300を第1基板T100の周縁部(周縁を含む)にのみ配置してもよい。この場合、減圧空間50は、排気管202の溶着により封止される。なお、この場合、ガラス複合物2の内部空間500は、ガラス接着剤300で複数個に仕切られなくてもよい。ただし、上記第1~第4実施形態のように、2種のガラス接着剤300を用いる方が、より効果的に本製造方法が適用され得る。
以上説明した第1~第4実施形態のガラスパネルユニット(1)の製造方法は、以下に示す特徴を有している。ガラスパネルユニット(1)の製造方法は、接着剤配置工程と、対向配置工程と、内部空間形成工程と、減圧工程と、減圧空間形成工程と、を含む。接着剤配置工程は、少なくとも第1ガラス板(100)からなる第1基板(T100)の厚み方向の両側の面のうちの一方の面である一の面(第1面(T100a)に、平均粒径25μm以上30μm以下のガラス粉末(310)と、バインダ(320)とを含むガラス接着剤(300)を、少なくとも枠状の部分(第1接着剤(301))が形成されるように配置する工程である。すなわち、接着剤配置工程は、第1基板(T100)の上に枠状に、ガラス接着剤(300)を配置する工程であり、ガラス接着剤(300)の少なくとも一部が、平均粒径25μm以上30μm以下のガラス粉末(310)と、バインダ(320)とを含む。対向配置工程は、少なくとも第2ガラス板(200)からなる第2基板(T200)を、前記一の面(T100a)に対向させて配置する工程である。この対向配置工程でガラス複合物(2)が得られる。ガラス複合物(2)は、第1基板(T100)と第2基板(T200)とガラス接着剤(300)とを含む。内部空間形成工程は、ガラス複合物(2)を加熱して、バインダ(320)を除去し、ガラス接着剤(300)を溶融させ、第1基板(T100)と第2基板(T200)との間に、ガラス接着剤(300)の溶融物で囲まれた内部空間(500)を形成する工程である。減圧工程は、内部空間(500)の気体を排出して内部空間(500)を減圧する工程である。減圧空間形成工程は、内部空間(500)を減圧した状態を維持したまま封止して、内部空間500から密閉された減圧空間(50)を形成する工程である。以下、このガラスパネルユニット(1)の製造方法を、第1の態様の製造方法という。
50 減圧空間
T100 第1基板
T100a 第1面
100 第1ガラス板
T200 第2基板
200 第2ガラス板
300 ガラス接着剤
301 第1ガラス接着剤
302 第2ガラス接着剤
310 ガラス粉末
320 バインダ
500 内部空間
T600 第3基板
600 第3ガラス板
700 ガラス接着剤(第3ガラス接着剤)
Claims (6)
- 少なくとも第1ガラス板からなる第1基板の厚み方向の両側の面のうちの一の面に、平均粒径25μm以上30μm以下のガラス粉末と、バインダとを含むガラス接着剤を、少なくとも枠状の部分が形成されるように配置する接着剤配置工程と、
少なくとも第2ガラス板からなる第2基板を、前記一の面に対向させて配置する対向配置工程と、
前記第1基板と前記第2基板と前記ガラス接着剤とを含むガラス複合物を加熱して、前記バインダを除去し、前記ガラス接着剤を溶融させ、前記第1基板と前記第2基板との間に、前記ガラス接着剤の溶融物で囲まれた内部空間を形成する内部空間形成工程と、
前記内部空間の気体を排出して前記内部空間を減圧する減圧工程と、
前記内部空間を減圧した状態を維持したまま封止して、前記内部空間から密閉された減圧空間を形成する減圧空間形成工程と、を含む、
ガラスパネルユニットの製造方法。 - 前記ガラス接着剤は、
第1ガラス接着剤と、
第2ガラス接着剤とを含み、
前記第1ガラス接着剤と前記第2ガラス接着剤とのうち、少なくとも前記第2ガラス接着剤が、平均粒径25μm以上30μm以下の前記ガラス粉末と前記バインダとを含み、
前記接着剤配置工程は、
前記第1基板の前記一の面の周縁部に前記第1ガラス接着剤を配置する第1接着剤配置工程と、
前記第2ガラス接着剤を、前記第1ガラス接着剤で囲まれる領域を仕切るように、前記一の面に配置する第2接着剤配置工程とを含み、
前記内部空間形成工程は、前記第1ガラス接着剤を溶融させ、前記第1基板と前記第2基板との間に、前記第1ガラス接着剤の溶融物で囲まれた前記内部空間を形成することを含む、請求項1に記載のガラスパネルユニットの製造方法。 - 前記第2接着剤配置工程では、前記第2ガラス接着剤を前記第1ガラス接着剤から離して配置し、
前記減圧空間形成工程は、前記第2ガラス接着剤を溶融させ、前記第1ガラス接着剤の溶融物と前記第2ガラス接着剤の溶融物とを接触させて前記減圧空間を形成することを含む、
請求項2に記載のガラスパネルユニットの製造方法。 - 前記第1基板と前記第2基板と前記ガラス接着剤とが複合一体化した一体化パネルを切断し、前記減圧空間を有するガラスパネルユニットを得る切断工程をさらに含む、
請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載のガラスパネルユニットの製造方法。 - 少なくとも第3ガラス板からなる第3基板と、前記第1基板又は前記第2基板との間にガラス接着剤が配置された状態として、このガラス接着剤と前記第3基板と前記第1基板又は前記第2基板とで囲まれる気密空間を形成する気密空間形成工程をさらに備える、請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載のガラスパネルユニットの製造方法。
- 請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載のガラスパネルユニットの製造方法により製造されるガラスパネルユニットに、窓枠を嵌め込んでガラス窓を製造する工程を備える、ガラス窓の製造方法。
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EP3805175A4 (en) * | 2018-05-31 | 2021-06-30 | Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co., Ltd. | GLASS PANEL UNIT ARRANGEMENT, METHOD OF MANUFACTURING A GLASS PANEL UNIT, AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING A GLASS PANEL UNIT ASSEMBLY |
US11326388B2 (en) | 2018-05-31 | 2022-05-10 | Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co., Ltd. | Glass panel unit assembly, method for manufacturing glass panel unit, and method for manufacturing glass panel unit assembly |
US20210254396A1 (en) * | 2018-06-15 | 2021-08-19 | Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co., Ltd. | Production method of glass panel unit |
US11808080B2 (en) * | 2018-06-15 | 2023-11-07 | Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co., Ltd. | Production method of glass panel unit |
JP2022510760A (ja) * | 2018-09-25 | 2022-01-28 | シューコー インターナショナル コマンデイトゲゼルシャフト | ファサード用のフレーム、ファサード要素、窓又はドア |
WO2020255974A1 (ja) | 2019-06-17 | 2020-12-24 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | ガラスパネルユニット、ガラスパネルユニットの製造方法、複合ゲッタ材、及びゲッタペースト |
US20220243527A1 (en) * | 2019-06-17 | 2022-08-04 | Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co., Ltd. | Glass panel unit, method for manufacturing glass panel unit, composite getter material, and getter paste |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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EP3357882A4 (en) | 2018-10-03 |
US20180282210A1 (en) | 2018-10-04 |
EP3357882A1 (en) | 2018-08-08 |
TWI594965B (zh) | 2017-08-11 |
TW201711979A (zh) | 2017-04-01 |
JP6528343B2 (ja) | 2019-06-12 |
EP3357882B1 (en) | 2021-03-24 |
JPWO2017056416A1 (ja) | 2018-08-09 |
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