WO2017022743A1 - ポリエステルフィルム - Google Patents
ポリエステルフィルム Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2017022743A1 WO2017022743A1 PCT/JP2016/072609 JP2016072609W WO2017022743A1 WO 2017022743 A1 WO2017022743 A1 WO 2017022743A1 JP 2016072609 W JP2016072609 W JP 2016072609W WO 2017022743 A1 WO2017022743 A1 WO 2017022743A1
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- film
- stretching
- polyester film
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- temperature
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/18—Manufacture of films or sheets
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L67/00—Compositions of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2367/00—Characterised by the use of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Derivatives of such polymers
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a polyester film having special thermal characteristics.
- Heat shrinkable films are widely used mainly for label packaging applications, but in recent years, they have heat resistance that does not cause heat shrinkage in the drying process during label printing, and heat shrink uniformly in a predetermined direction when heated at high temperatures.
- heat shrinkable films There is a growing need for heat shrinkable films.
- decoration application there is an increasing need for highly decorative film decoration on a complex-shaped member using film shrinkage.
- a heat-shrinkable film as an optical release film for forming an optical layer such as a retardation forming layer.
- polyester films having heat-shrinkability at low temperatures such as 80 ° C. and 90 ° C. are known (for example, see Patent Documents 1 and 2).
- Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2 have good heat shrinkability, but have insufficient heat resistance in the drying process during printing and coating, and for applications where the drying temperature needs to be increased. Application was difficult.
- an object of the present invention is to eliminate the above-mentioned problems, and in the drying process after printing and coating, it has heat resistance that does not substantially undergo heat shrinkage and is uniform in a desired direction during high-temperature heating.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a heat-shrinkable polyester film.
- the present invention employs the following means in order to solve such problems.
- the main orientation axis direction of the film is the X direction, the direction orthogonal to the X direction is the Y direction, the 150 ° C. heat shrinkage rate in the X direction is SX150, the 150 ° C. heat shrinkage rate in the Y direction is SY150, and the 90 direction in the Y direction.
- the heat shrinkage rate is low in the low temperature region, and uniform heat shrinkability can be exhibited in the high temperature region, so that the polyester film is suitable for packaging use, decoration use, optical use, etc. Can provide.
- the polyester film which concerns on this invention is demonstrated in detail with embodiment.
- the main orientation axis direction of the film is the X direction
- the direction orthogonal to the X direction is the Y direction
- the 150 ° C. heat shrinkage rate in the X direction is SX150
- the 150 ° C. heat shrinkage rate in the Y direction is SY150
- the 90 ° C. heat shrinkage in the Y direction is SY90
- the main orientation axis direction of the film is an orientation in which molecules are most polarized in the plane of the film, and an orientation having the highest refractive index in the refractive index ellipsoid.
- the above formula (I) indicates that the thermal contraction rate in the direction orthogonal to the main alignment axis direction is higher than the main alignment axis direction of the film in an environment of 150 ° C.
- the heat shrinkage rate in the direction orthogonal to the main alignment axis direction is controlled to be high, and the heat shrinkage rate in the main alignment axis direction is controlled to be low. It was found that the heat shrinks uniformly in one direction.
- the uniformity of heat shrinkage characteristics can be determined by observing the occurrence of wrinkles and the like when heat shrinkage, as will be described later. In order to achieve more uniform heat shrinkability in one direction, it is preferable to satisfy the formula (I ′), and it is most preferable to satisfy the formula (I ′′).
- the above formula (II) indicates that the thermal shrinkage rate in the direction orthogonal to the main orientation axis direction at 150 ° C. is as high as 15% or more, and the polyester film of the present invention is used for packaging, decoration, and optical. Excellent heat resistance and high temperature heat shrinkability. Moreover, since the performance in each use improves by setting it as higher contractibility, it is more preferable to satisfy (II ') Formula, and it is most preferable to satisfy (II ") Formula. (SY150) ⁇ 20% (II ′) (SY150) ⁇ 25% (II ′′)
- the above formula (III) indicates that the thermal shrinkage rate in the direction orthogonal to the main orientation axis direction at 90 ° C. is less than 15%, and in the drying process after application of various functional layers, the thermal shrinkage does not occur. Or, it has heat resistance with a small heat shrinkage rate. From the viewpoint of heat resistance during drying, the formula (III ′) is preferably satisfied, and the formula (III ′′) is most preferably satisfied. (SY90) ⁇ 10% (III ′) (SY90) ⁇ 5% (III ′′)
- the method for achieving the formulas (I), (II), and (III) is not particularly limited.
- the orientation crystallization in the X direction is enhanced by stretching, and the crystallization does not proceed in the Y direction. It is preferable to make the structure in which the orientation progresses, and to relax part of the amorphous part by heat treatment after stretching.
- the heat shrinkage rate in the X direction tends to be low, and in the Y direction, the heat shrinkage rate can be controlled to a high level by allowing the orientation to advance to the extent that it does not crystallize.
- by relaxing a part of the amorphous part by the heat treatment after stretching it becomes possible to satisfy the expressions (I), (II), and (III).
- the X direction is preferably the film width direction and the Y direction is preferably the film longitudinal direction. That is, it is preferable to exhibit high shrinkability in the film longitudinal direction because a retardation layer or the like can be formed by roll-to-roll, particularly in optical applications.
- the formulas (I), (II), and (III) can be achieved by adjusting the stretching method, stretching ratio, stretching, and heat treatment temperature during film formation. *
- 80 mol% or more of the glycol units are preferably structural units derived from ethylene glycol, more preferably 85. Most preferably, it is at least 90 mol%.
- 80 mol% or more of the dicarboxylic acid units are preferably structural units derived from terephthalic acid, more preferably 85 mol% or more, and most preferably 90 mol% or more.
- Aliphatic dihydroxy compounds such as 5-pentanediol, 1,6-hexanediol, and neopentyl glycol; polyoxyalkylene glycols such as diethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, and polytetramethylene glycol; and 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol Examples thereof include alicyclic dihydroxy compounds, aromatic dihydroxy compounds such as bisphenol A and bisphenol S, and derivatives thereof.
- the dicarboxylic acid or derivative thereof that provides the polyester used in the present invention includes isophthalic acid, phthalic acid, 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, diphenyldicarboxylic acid, diphenylsulfone dicarboxylic acid, diphenoxyethanedicarboxylic acid.
- Acids, aromatic dicarboxylic acids such as 5-sodiumsulfone dicarboxylic acid, oxalic acid, succinic acid, adipic acid, sebacic acid, dimer acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid and other aliphatic dicarboxylic acids, 1,4-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid, etc.
- Alicyclic dicarboxylic acids such as paraoxybenzoic acid, and derivatives thereof.
- dicarboxylic acid derivatives include dimethyl terephthalate, diethyl terephthalate, 2-hydroxyethyl methyl terephthalate, dimethyl 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylate, dimethyl isophthalate, dimethyl adipate, diethyl maleate, and dimethyl dimer.
- An esterified product can be mentioned.
- the polyester film of the present invention preferably satisfies the formula (IV) from the viewpoint of uniform heat shrinkability in one direction. (SX150) ⁇ 5% (IV)
- the thermal shrinkage rate in the main alignment axis direction at 150 ° C. is less than 5%, and has the characteristic that heat shrinkage is difficult in the main alignment axis direction. That is, it has a characteristic of selectively shrinking in one direction such that it exhibits high heat shrinkability in the direction orthogonal to the main alignment axis direction but does not shrink in the main alignment axis direction. From the viewpoint of unidirectional shrinkage, it is preferable that the formula (IV ′) is satisfied, and it is most preferable that the formula (IV ′′) is satisfied. (SX150) ⁇ 4% (IV ′) (SX150) ⁇ 3% (IV ")
- the method for achieving the formula (IV) is not particularly limited, but it can be achieved by adjusting the stretching method, stretching ratio, stretching and heat treatment temperature during film formation.
- the polyester film of the present invention preferably has a breaking elongation in the X direction of 100% or more from the viewpoint of high toughness. It is preferable that the elongation at break in the X direction is 100% or more because the toughness of the film is increased and film breakage during processing is easily suppressed.
- the breaking elongation in the X direction is more preferably 120% or more, and most preferably 150% or more.
- a method of setting the breaking elongation in the X direction to 100% or more a method of setting the drawing temperature in the X direction to 90 ° C. or more is preferably used. In the case of stretching a plurality of times in the X direction, the stretching temperature is preferably 90 ° C.
- the stretching temperature in the X direction is 95 ° C. or higher.
- the polyester film of the present invention preferably has a breaking elongation in the Y direction of 150% or higher and higher than the breaking elongation in the X direction in order to further increase toughness.
- the breaking elongation in the Y direction of the polyester film of the present invention is more preferably 170% or more, and most preferably 200% or more.
- the stretching temperature in the Y direction is set to 90 ° C. or higher.
- the stretching temperature is preferably 90 ° C. or higher in the stretching process in the Y direction having the highest stretching temperature.
- the stretching temperature in the Y direction is more preferably 105 ° C. or higher, and most preferably 120 ° C. or higher.
- the polyester film of the present invention preferably has a dimensional change rate of ⁇ 0.1% or more and 0.1% or less in the Y direction at 23 ° C. and 100 hours from the viewpoint of temporal stability.
- the dimensional change rate at 23 ° C. and 100 hours in the Y direction is more preferably ⁇ 0.08% or more and 0.08% or less, and most preferably ⁇ 0.05% or more and 0.05% or less.
- the polyester film of the present invention has a dimensional change rate of ⁇ 0.3% or more and 0.3% or less in the Y direction at 50 ° C. for 100 hours from the viewpoint of temporal stability at high temperatures. preferable.
- the dimensional change rate in the Y direction at 50 ° C. and 100 hours is more preferably ⁇ 0.25% to 0.25%, and most preferably ⁇ 0.2% to 0.2%.
- a method of stretching in the longitudinal direction at least 1.1 times before stretching is mentioned.
- the rigidity of the amorphous part in the longitudinal direction is increased, and stability over time can be improved even in a high temperature environment.
- the heat treatment temperature after stretching is higher than 115 ° C., so that the rigid amorphous structure is stabilized. Therefore, this is a more preferable method from the viewpoint of stability over time.
- the polyester film of the present invention has a film thickness of more than 20 ⁇ m and preferably 200 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 25 ⁇ m or more and 150 ⁇ m or less, and more preferably 30 ⁇ m or more and 120 ⁇ m, from the viewpoints of handling properties, heat resistance, and shrinkability. The following is most preferable. Further, from the viewpoint of toughness, the film thickness is very preferably 30 ⁇ m or more and 100 ⁇ m or less.
- a polyester resin used for a polyester film a polyethylene terephthalate resin is dried and pre-crystallized, then supplied to a single screw extruder and melt extruded. At this time, the resin temperature is preferably controlled to 265 to 295 ° C. Next, foreign matter is removed and the amount of extrusion is leveled through a filter and a gear pump, respectively, and discharged from a T-die onto a cooling drum in a sheet form.
- an electrostatic application method in which a cooling drum and the resin are brought into close contact with each other by static electricity using an electrode applied with a high voltage
- a casting method in which a water film is provided between the casting drum and the extruded polymer sheet, and the casting drum temperature is set to be equal to that of the polyester resin.
- a method of applying an electrostatic force is preferably used from the viewpoint of productivity and flatness.
- the stretching method, stretching ratio, stretching and heat treatment temperature are adjusted so that the unstretched sheet obtained as described above satisfies the formulas (I), (II), and (III).
- a stretching method satisfying the formulas (I), (II), and (III) for example, the sheet obtained by the above casting method is successively applied in the film longitudinal direction-width direction-longitudinal direction and film width direction-longitudinal direction.
- heat treatment at 101 ° C. or more and 160 ° C. or less, holding the film width direction end, stretching in the longitudinal direction and width direction, and stretching in the longitudinal direction of 5% section from the final point of all stretching steps
- a method in which the heat treatment is performed at a temperature of 101 ° C. or higher and 160 ° C. or lower is preferably used.
- the sheet when applied to applications in which high shrinkage in the Y direction is important, the sheet is stretched by successively biaxially stretching in the longitudinal direction-width direction-longitudinal direction and then 101 ° C. or more and 160 ° C. or less.
- the first draw ratio in the longitudinal direction is not more than the draw ratio in the subsequent longitudinal direction.
- the first longitudinal stretching ratio is 1.01 to 3 times
- the subsequent longitudinal stretching ratio is 1.1 to 4 times
- the first longitudinal stretching is It is preferable that the magnification is not more than the subsequent draw ratio in the longitudinal direction.
- the sheet is stretched by sequentially biaxially stretching in the film width direction-longitudinal direction and then heat-treating at 101 ° C. or higher and 160 ° C. or lower.
- the film is stretched 1.5 to 6 times in the width direction, and then 1.1 to 4 times in the longitudinal direction.
- a cooling step of 100 ° C. or less, 101 ° C. to 160 ° C. It is preferable to have a heat treatment step of less than or equal to ° C.
- the sheet stretching method is performed by holding the edge in the width direction of the film, stretching in the longitudinal direction and the width direction, and the stretching ratio in the longitudinal direction of the section of 5% from the final point of the entire stretching process, As described above, it is also preferable to adopt a method in which the total longitudinal stretching ratio is set lower than the total width stretching ratio, and heat treatment is performed at a temperature of 101 ° C. to 160 ° C. after stretching.
- the stretching method in the case where it is applied to an application where high shrinkage in the Y direction, mechanical strength, and handling properties are both important, after the stretching method is sequentially biaxially stretched in the longitudinal direction-width direction-longitudinal direction.
- the heat treatment is performed at 101 ° C. or more and 160 ° C. or less, and the first longitudinal stretch ratio is set higher than the subsequent longitudinal stretch ratio.
- the first longitudinal stretching ratio is 1.1 to 4 times
- the subsequent longitudinal stretching ratio is 1.01 to 3 times
- the first longitudinal stretching is It is preferable to make the magnification higher than the subsequent stretching ratio in the longitudinal direction.
- the film width direction end is grasped, the film longitudinal direction and the width direction are stretched, and the stretch ratio in the longitudinal direction of the section of 5% from the final point of the entire stretching process is stretched in the width direction.
- the heat treatment is performed at a temperature not lower than 101 ° C. and not higher than 160 ° C. after the stretching, with the total longitudinal stretching ratio higher than the total width stretching ratio.
- the preferable heat treatment temperature indicates the highest temperature among the heat treatment temperatures performed after biaxial stretching.
- the heat treatment time can be any time within a range not deteriorating the characteristics, and is preferably 5 seconds to 60 seconds, more preferably 10 seconds to 40 seconds, and most preferably 15 seconds to 30 seconds. be able to.
- the polyester film of the present invention has a low heat shrinkage rate in a low temperature region and shows a uniform heat shrinkability in a high temperature region, it is preferably used as a packaging application. Since it has heat resistance that does not cause thermal shrinkage in the coating process and drying process of various functional layers such as printed layers, weathering layers, adhesive layers, adhesive layers, and vapor-deposited layers, for example, it is possible to handle aqueous solvent coating agents. It is. Furthermore, since it exhibits high heat shrinkability when heated at a high temperature, it is excellent in the ability to be attached to a container such as a bottle, and therefore is preferably used for various packaging applications mainly for labels.
- the polyester film of the present invention can be preferably used for decorative purposes.
- various functional layers such as printing layer, weathering layer, adhesive layer, adhesive layer, vapor-deposited layer, scratch-resistant layer, fingerprint-resistant layer, etc. Because it has excellent heat resistance in the coating process and drying process of various functional layers, and exhibits high heat shrinkability during high-temperature heating, it can be used for highly-designed decoration on complex-shaped members. Applicable.
- the polyester film of the present invention is also preferably used for optical applications.
- various functional layers such as a retardation forming layer
- the polyester resin used for film formation was prepared as follows.
- Polyethylene terephthalate resin (intrinsic viscosity 0.65) in which the terephthalic acid component is 100 mol% as the dicarboxylic acid component and the ethylene glycol component is 100 mol% as the glycol component.
- Polyethylene terephthalate resin (inherent viscosity 0.7) having 90 mol% of terephthalic acid component as dicarboxylic acid component, 10 mol% of isophthalic acid component, and 100 mol% of ethylene glycol component as glycol component.
- Polyethylene terephthalate particle master (intrinsic viscosity 0.65) containing polyester carbonate A with calcium carbonate particles having an average particle diameter of 1.2 ⁇ m at a particle concentration of 1% by mass.
- Example 1 Polyester A and particle master were mixed at a mass ratio of 95: 5 and charged into an extruder, melted at 280 ° C., and discharged from a T-die onto a cooling drum whose temperature was controlled at 25 ° C. At that time, a wire electrode having a diameter of 0.1 mm was applied electrostatically and adhered to the cooling drum to obtain an unstretched sheet. Next, the film was stretched 3 times in the longitudinal direction at a stretching temperature of 90 ° C., and then stretched 4 times in the width direction at a stretching temperature of 90 ° C. by a tenter type stretching machine. Thereafter, the film was stretched twice in the longitudinal direction at a stretching temperature of 120 ° C., and then heat treated at 110 ° C. in a tenter to obtain a polyester film having a film thickness of 35 ⁇ m. Various characteristics of the obtained film are shown in Tables 1 to 4 described later together with characteristics in Examples and Comparative Examples described later.
- Example 2 A polyester film having a film thickness of 40 ⁇ m was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the stretching ratio in the first longitudinal direction was 2 times and the stretching ratio in the second longitudinal direction was 1.5 times.
- Example 3 A polyester film having a film thickness of 35 ⁇ m was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the first draw ratio in the longitudinal direction was doubled.
- Example 4 A polyester film having a film thickness of 35 ⁇ m was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the first draw ratio in the longitudinal direction was 1.5 times.
- Example 5 A polyester film having a film thickness of 35 ⁇ m was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the first draw ratio in the longitudinal direction was 1.1 times and the heat treatment temperature was 125 ° C.
- Example 6 A polyester film having a film thickness of 35 ⁇ m was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the first draw ratio in the longitudinal direction was 1.03 and the heat treatment temperature was 125 ° C.
- Example 7 A polyester film having a film thickness of 50 ⁇ m was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the first stretching ratio in the longitudinal direction was 1.1 times, the stretching temperature in the width direction was 97 ° C., and the heat treatment temperature was 125 ° C. .
- Example 8 A polyester film having a film thickness of 50 ⁇ m was obtained in the same manner as in Example 4 except that the stretching temperature in the second longitudinal direction was 125 ° C. and the heat treatment temperature was 122 ° C.
- Example 9 In the same manner as in Example 1, a polyester film having a film thickness of 28 ⁇ m was obtained.
- Example 10 A polyester film having a film thickness of 20 ⁇ m was obtained in the same manner as in Example 7 except that the stretching temperature in the width direction was 92 ° C. and the heat treatment temperature was 125 ° C.
- Example 11 A polyester film having a film thickness of 35 ⁇ m was obtained in the same manner as in Example 4 except that the raw material composition was polyester A, polyester B, and particle master in a mass ratio of 45: 50: 5.
- Example 12 Polyester A and particle master were mixed at a mass ratio of 95: 5 and charged into an extruder, melted at 280 ° C., and discharged from a T-die onto a cooling drum whose temperature was controlled at 25 ° C. At that time, a wire electrode having a diameter of 0.1 mm was applied electrostatically and adhered to the cooling drum to obtain an unstretched sheet. Next, the film was stretched 4 times in the width direction at a stretching temperature of 90 ° C. by a tenter type stretching machine. Thereafter, the film was stretched twice in the longitudinal direction at a stretching temperature of 120 ° C., and then heat treated at 125 ° C. in a tenter to obtain a polyester film having a film thickness of 40 ⁇ m.
- Example 13 A polyester film having a film thickness of 45 ⁇ m was obtained in the same manner as in Example 12 except that the stretching temperature in the width direction was 95 ° C.
- Example 14 A polyester film having a film thickness of 45 ⁇ m was obtained in the same manner as in Example 13 except that the draw ratio in the longitudinal direction was 1.5 times.
- Example 15 Polyester A and particle master were mixed at a mass ratio of 95: 5 and charged into an extruder, melted at 280 ° C., and discharged from a T-die onto a cooling drum whose temperature was controlled at 25 ° C. At that time, a wire electrode having a diameter of 0.1 mm was applied electrostatically and adhered to the cooling drum to obtain an unstretched sheet. Next, the end of the film in the width direction is held by a tenter type stretching machine, and the film is stretched twice in the longitudinal direction of the film and 4 times in the width direction (5% from the final point of the entire stretching process). The film was subjected to heat treatment at 125 ° C. after stretching to obtain a polyester film having a film thickness of 40 ⁇ m.
- Example 16 A polyester film having a film thickness of 45 ⁇ m was obtained in the same manner as in Example 15 except that the total magnification in the film longitudinal direction was 3 times.
- Polyester A and particle master were mixed at a mass ratio of 95: 5 and charged into an extruder, melted at 280 ° C., and discharged from a T-die onto a cooling drum whose temperature was controlled at 25 ° C. At that time, a wire electrode having a diameter of 0.1 mm was applied electrostatically and adhered to the cooling drum to obtain an unstretched sheet.
- the film was stretched 3 times in the longitudinal direction at a stretching temperature of 90 ° C., and then stretched 4 times in the width direction at a stretching temperature of 100 ° C. by a tenter type stretching machine. Thereafter, the film was stretched twice in the longitudinal direction at a stretching temperature of 90 ° C., and then heat treated at 95 ° C. in a tenter to obtain a polyester film having a film thickness of 35 ⁇ m.
- Comparative Example 2 A polyester film having a film thickness of 35 ⁇ m was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the first draw ratio in the longitudinal direction was 3.2 times.
- Comparative Example 3 A polyester film having a film thickness of 35 ⁇ m was obtained in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1 except that the heat treatment temperature after stretching in the second longitudinal direction was 165 ° C.
- Example 4 A polyester film having a film thickness of 40 ⁇ m was obtained in the same manner as in Example 12 except that the heat treatment temperature after stretching was 95 ° C.
- the polyester film of the present invention has heat resistance that does not cause heat shrinkage in the drying process after printing and coating, and exhibits heat shrinkability that can be uniformly heat shrunk during high-temperature heating. Can be applied to a wide range of heat-shrinkable films.
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Abstract
Description
(1)フィルムの主配向軸方向をX方向、X方向と直交する方向をY方向とし、X方向の150℃熱収縮率をSX150、Y方向の150℃熱収縮率をSY150、Y方向の90℃熱収縮率をSY90として、下記式を満足することを特徴とするポリエステルフィルム。
(SY150)>(SX150) ・・・ (I)
(SY150)≧15% ・・・ (II)
(SY90)<15% ・・・(III)
(2)前記SX150が下記式を満足する、(1)に記載のポリエステルフィルム。
(SX150)<5% ・・・ (IV)
(3)X方向の破断伸度が100%以上である、(1)または(2)に記載のポリエステルフィルム。
(4)Y方向の破断伸度が150%以上であり、かつX方向の破断伸度よりも高い、(1)~(3)のいずれかに記載のポリエステルフィルム。
(5)Y方向において、23℃、100時間での寸法変化率が、-0.1%以上0.1%以下である、(1)~(4)のいずれかに記載のポリエステルフィルム。
(6)Y方向において、50℃、100時間での寸法変化率が、-0.3%以上0.3%以下である、(1)~(5)のいずれかに記載のポリエステルフィルム。
本発明のポリエステルフィルムは、フィルムの主配向軸方向をX方向、X方向と直交する方向をY方向とし、X方向の150℃熱収縮率をSX150、Y方向の150℃熱収縮率をSY150、Y方向の90℃熱収縮率をSY90として、下記式を満足することが必要である。
(SY150)>(SX150) ・・・ (I)
(SY150)≧15% ・・・ (II)
(SY90)<15% ・・・(III)
(SY150)-10>(SX150) ・・・ (I’)
(SY150)-15>(SX150) ・・・ (I”)
(SY150)≧20% ・・・ (II’)
(SY150)≧25% ・・・ (II”)
(SY90)≦10% ・・・(III’)
(SY90)≦5% ・・・(III”)
(SX150)<5% ・・・ (IV)
(SX150)≦4% ・・・ (IV’)
(SX150)≦3% ・・・ (IV”)
フィルムの全体厚みを測定する際は、ダイヤルゲージを用いて、フィルムから切り出した試料の任意の場所5ヶ所の厚みを測定し、平均値を求めた。
フィルムの任意の点において100mm×100mmの寸法でサンプルを切り出し、KSシステムズ社製(現王子計測機器社)のマイクロ波分子配向計MOA-2001A(周波数4GHz)を用い、ポリエステルフィルムの面内の主配向軸を求め、X方向とし、X方向と直交する方向をY方向とした。
フィルムのX方向およびY方向にについて測定を行った。長さ150mm(測定方向)×幅10mm(測定方向に直交する方向)の矩形に切り出しサンプルとした。サンプルに100mmの間隔(中央部から両端に50mmの位置)で標線を描き、3gの錘を吊して所定温度(90℃、150℃)に加熱した熱風オーブン内に30分間設置し加熱処理を行った。熱処理後の標線間距離を測定し、加熱前後の標線間距離の変化から下記式により熱収縮率を算出した。
熱収縮率(%)={(加熱処理前の標線間距離)-(加熱処理後の標線間距離)}/(加熱処理前の標線間距離)×100。
フィルムのX方向およびY方向について測定を行った。長さ150mm(測定方向)×幅10mm(測定方向に直交する方向)の矩形に切り出しサンプルとした。25℃、63%Rhの条件下で、引張試験機(オリエンテック社製テンシロンUCT-100)を用いてクロスヘッドスピード300mm/分、幅10mm、試料長50mmとしてフィルムのY方向、X方向について、引張試験を行い、破断したときの伸度を破断伸度とした。各測定はそれぞれ5回ずつ行い、その平均値を用いた。
フィルムのY方向について測定を行った。長さ100mm(測定方向)×幅10mm(測定方向に直交する方向)の短形に切り出しサンプルとした。サンプルに、60gの錘を吊して所定の温度(23℃、50℃)の恒温層内設置し、100時間保持後のY方向の長さを測定し、下記式により寸法変化率を算出した。
寸法変化率(%)={(保持前のY方向長さ)-(100時間保持後のY方向長さ)}/(保持前のY方向長さ)×100。
(i)乾燥耐熱性
フィルム表面に、スクリーン印刷を行った。印刷は、ミノグループ(株)製インキU-PET(517)、スクリーンSX270Tを用いて、スキージスピード300mm/sec、スキージ角度45°の条件で行い、次いで90℃条件下の熱風オーブン中で5分間乾燥して、印刷層積層フィルムを得た。得られた印刷層積層フィルムについての外観について、下記の基準で評価を行った。
A:乾燥後もシワの発生は確認されず、良好な外観であった。
B:乾燥後に若干のシワが確認されたが、良好な外観であった。
C:乾燥後にシワが確認されたが、実用上問題ないレベルであった。
D:乾燥後にシワが確認され、実用レベルではなかった。
A、B、Cが合格レベルである。
(i)で作成した印刷層積層フィルムについて、フィルム両端部を溶断シールで接着し、円筒状のラベルを作成した。該ラベルを円筒形のアルミボトルの胴部(底面直径150mm)に被せ、150℃雰囲気下のトンネルオーブンに、通過時間3秒で通過させて、ボトルに装着し、収縮外観を下記基準で評価した。
A:シワ、ゆがみ、収縮不足が発生せず、意匠性に優れた外観であった。
B:シワ、ゆがみ、収縮不足の少なくともいずれかが確認できるが、意匠性に優れた外観であった。
C:シワ、ゆがみ、収縮不足の少なくともいずれかが確認できるが実用上問題なかった。
D:シワ、ゆがみ、収縮不足の少なくともいずれかが確認でき、実用レベルではなかった。
A、B、Cが合格レベルである。
(i)乾燥耐熱性
フィルム表面に、アプリケーターを用いて、日本ケミカル社製892Lを塗工し、90℃で5分間乾燥を行い、接着層を形成した。接着層積層フィルムについての外観について、下記の基準で評価を行った。
A:乾燥後もシワの発生は確認されず、良好な外観であった。
B:乾燥後に若干のシワが確認されたが、良好な外観であった。
C:乾燥後にシワが確認されたが、実用上問題ないレベルであった。
D:乾燥後にシワが確認され、実用レベルではなかった。
A、B、Cが合格レベルである。
(i)で作成した接着層積層フィルムについて、接着層積層フィルムを80℃に加熱したマグネシウム筐体(底面200mm×100mm×高さ30mmの直方体))に被せ、150℃雰囲気下のトンネルオーブンに通過時間10秒で通過させて、形状追従させ、収縮外観について下記の基準で評価した。
A:高さ30mmまで追従できた。
B:高さ25mm以上30mm未満まで追従できた。
C:高さ20mm以上25mm未満まで追従できた。
D:追従性が低く、高さ20mmまで追従できなかった。
A、B、Cが合格レベルである。
(i)ハンドリング性
実施例及び比較例で得られた熱収縮性フィルムの端部を切り落としたフィルムロールについて、巻出張力を100N/mとして、巻取張力を100N/m、200N/m、250N/m、300N/mとして搬送し、ハンドリング性について、下記の基準で評価を行った。
A:巻取張力300N/mにて、1000m巻取ができた。
B:巻取張力250N/mでは1000m巻取ができたが、300N/mでは1000m巻取る前にフィルム破断が発生した。
C:巻取張力200N/mでは1000m巻取ができたが、250N/mでは1000m巻取る前にフィルム破断が発生した。
D:巻取張力100N/mでも1000m巻取る前にフィルム破断が発生した。
A、B、Cが合格レベルである。
フィルム表面にポリカーボネート/トルエン分散体をダイコーターにて塗工・乾燥を行った(乾燥温度:90℃、乾燥時間:1分、巻出張力:200N/m、巻取張力:100N/m)。得られたポリカーボネート積層フィルムの外観について、下記の基準で評価を行った。
A:乾燥後もシワの発生は確認されず、良好な外観であった。
B:乾燥後に若干のシワが確認されたが、良好な外観であった。
C:乾燥後にシワが確認されたが、実用上問題ないレベルであった。
D:乾燥後にシワが確認され、実用レベルではなかった。
A、B、Cが合格レベルである。
(ii)で作成したポリカーボネート積層フィルムについて、150℃のオーブン中でY方向に収縮させながら、X方向に微延伸して位相差層を形成した。その際、靱性について、下記の基準で評価を行った。
A:X方向に1.2倍以上延伸できた。
B:X方向に1.1倍以上1.2倍未満延伸できた。
C:X方向に1.05倍以上1.1倍未満延伸できた。
D:X方向に1.05倍延伸ができなかった。
所定の倍率まで延伸してもフィルムが破断しない場合に、延伸できたと評価した。
A、B、Cが合格レベルである。
(iii)と同様にして、150℃のオーブン中でY方向に収縮させたフィルムの熱収縮性について、下記の基準で評価した。
A:Y方向の熱収縮率が25%以上であり、収縮後のフィルム外観にシワがみられなかった。
B:Y方向の熱収縮率が20%以上25%未満であり、収縮後のフィルム外観にシワがみられなかった。
C:Y方向の熱収縮率が15%以上20%未満であり、収縮後のフィルム外観にシワがみられなかった。
D:Y方向の熱収縮率が15%未満であるか、もしくはフィルム外観にシワがみられた。
A、B、Cが合格レベルである。
実施例及び、比較例で得られた熱収縮性フィルムを巻出張力を100N/m、巻取張力100N/mで1000m巻き取り、23℃条件下で100時間保管後のロール外観について、下記の基準で評価を行った。
A:シワの発生は確認されず、良好な外観であった。
B:若干のシワが確認されたが、良好な外観であった。
C:シワが確認されたが、実用上問題ないレベルであった。
D:シワが確認され、実用レベルではなかった。
A、B、Cが合格レベルである。
(v)と同様にして得られたフィルムロールについて、50℃条件下で100時間保管後のロール外観について、下記の基準で評価を行った。
A:シワの発生は確認されず、良好な外観であった。
B:若干のシワが確認されたが、良好な外観であった。
C:シワが確認されたが、実用上問題ないレベルであった。
D:シワが確認され、実用レベルではなかった。
A、B、Cが合格レベルである。
製膜に供したポリエステル樹脂は以下のように準備した。
ジカルボン酸成分としてテレフタル酸成分が100モル%、グリコール成分としてエチレングリコール成分が100モル%であるポリエチレンテレフタレート樹脂(固有粘度0.65)。
ジカルボン酸成分としてテレフタル酸成分が90モル%、イソフタル酸成分が10モル%、グリコール成分としてエチレングリコール成分が100モル%であるイソフタル酸共重合ポリエチレンテレフタレート樹脂(固有粘度0.7)。
ポリエステルA中に平均粒子径1.2μmの炭酸カルシウム粒子を粒子濃度1質量%で含有したポリエチレンテレフタレート粒子マスター(固有粘度0.65)。
ポリエステルAと粒子マスターを質量比95:5で混合して押出機に投入した後、280℃で溶融させて、Tダイより25℃に温度制御した冷却ドラム上にシート状に吐出した。その際、直径0.1mmのワイヤー状電極を使用して静電印加し、冷却ドラムに密着させ未延伸シートを得た。次いで、延伸温度90℃で長手方向に3倍延伸し、次いでテンター式延伸機にて延伸温度90℃で幅方向に4倍延伸した。その後、再度、長手方向に延伸温度120℃で2倍延伸した後、テンター内にて、110℃にて熱処理を行い、フィルム厚み35μmのポリエステルフィルムを得た。得られたフィルムの諸特性を、後述の実施例、比較例における諸特性とともに、後述の表1~4に示す。
1回目の長手方向の延伸倍率を2倍とし、2回目の長手方向の延伸倍率を1.5倍とした以外は、実施例1と同様にしてフィルム厚み40μmのポリエステルフィルムを得た。
1回目の長手方向の延伸倍率を2倍とした以外は、実施例1と同様にしてフィルム厚み35μmのポリエステルフィルムを得た。
1回目の長手方向の延伸倍率を1.5倍とした以外は、実施例1と同様にしてフィルム厚み35μmのポリエステルフィルムを得た。
1回目の長手方向の延伸倍率を1.1倍とし、熱処理温度を125℃とした以外は、実施例1と同様にしてフィルム厚み35μmのポリエステルフィルムを得た。
1回目の長手方向の延伸倍率を1.03倍とし、熱処理温度を125℃とした以外は、実施例1と同様にしてフィルム厚み35μmのポリエステルフィルムを得た。
1回目の長手方向の延伸倍率を1.1倍として、幅方向の延伸温度を97℃とし、熱処理温度を125℃とした以外は実施例1と同様にしてフィルム厚み50μmのポリエステルフィルムを得た。
2回目の長手方向の延伸温度を125℃し、熱処理温度を122℃とした以外は、実施例4と同様にして、フィルム厚み50μmのポリエステルフィルムを得た。
実施例1と同様にして、フィルム厚み28μmのポリエステルフィルムを得た。
幅方向の延伸温度を92℃とし、熱処理温度を125℃とした以外は実施例7と同様にして、フィルム厚み20μmのポリエステルフィルムを得た。
原料組成をポリエステルAとポリエステルBと粒子マスターを質量比45:50:5とした以外は実施例4と同様にしてフィルム厚み35μmのポリエステルフィルムを得た。
ポリエステルAと粒子マスターを質量比95:5で混合して押出機に投入した後、280℃で溶融させて、Tダイより25℃に温度制御した冷却ドラム上にシート状に吐出した。その際、直径0.1mmのワイヤー状電極を使用して静電印加し、冷却ドラムに密着させ未延伸シートを得た。次いで、テンター式延伸機にて延伸温度90℃で幅方向に4倍延伸した。その後、長手方向に延伸温度120℃で2倍延伸した後、テンター内にて、125℃にて熱処理を行い、フィルム厚み40μmのポリエステルフィルムを得た。
幅方向の延伸温度を95℃とした以外は実施例12と同様にしてフィルム厚み45μmのポリエステルフィルムを得た。
長手方向の延伸倍率を1.5倍とした以外は実施例13と同様にしてフィルム厚み45μmのポリエステルフィルムを得た。
ポリエステルAと粒子マスターを質量比95:5で混合して押出機に投入した後、280℃で溶融させて、Tダイより25℃に温度制御した冷却ドラム上にシート状に吐出した。その際、直径0.1mmのワイヤー状電極を使用して静電印加し、冷却ドラムに密着させ未延伸シートを得た。次いで、テンター式延伸機にて、フィルムの幅方向端部を把持して、フィルム長手方向にトータル倍率2倍、幅方向にトータル倍率4倍延伸し(全延伸工程の最終点から5%の区間の長手方向延伸倍率を1.1倍、幅方向延伸倍率1倍)、延伸後に125℃で熱処理を行い、フィルム厚み40μmのポリエステルフィルムを得た。
フィルム長手方向のトータル倍率を3倍とした以外は実施例15と同様にして、フィルム厚み45μmのポリエステルフィルムを得た。
ポリエステルAと粒子マスターを質量比95:5で混合して押出機に投入した後、280℃で溶融させて、Tダイより25℃に温度制御した冷却ドラム上にシート状に吐出した。その際、直径0.1mmのワイヤー状電極を使用して静電印加し、冷却ドラムに密着させ未延伸シートを得た。次いで、延伸温度90℃で長手方向に3倍延伸し、次いでテンター式延伸機にて延伸温度100℃で幅方向に4倍延伸した。その後、再度、長手方向に延伸温度90℃で2倍延伸した後、テンター内にて、95℃にて熱処理を行い、フィルム厚み35μmのポリエステルフィルムを得た。
1回目の長手方向の延伸倍率を3.2倍とした以外は実施例1と同様にしてフィルム厚み35μmのポリエステルフィルムを得た。
2回目の長手方向に延伸後の熱処理温度を165℃とした以外は比較例1と同様にしてフィルム厚み35μmのポリエステルフィルムを得た。
延伸後の熱処理温度を95℃とした以外は、実施例12と同様にしてフィルム厚み40μmのポリエステルフィルムを得た。
Claims (6)
- フィルムの主配向軸方向をX方向、X方向と直交する方向をY方向とし、X方向の150℃熱収縮率をSX150、Y方向の150℃熱収縮率をSY150、Y方向の90℃熱収縮率をSY90として、下記式を満足することを特徴とするポリエステルフィルム。
(SY150)>(SX150) ・・・ (I)
(SY150)≧15% ・・・ (II)
(SY90)<15% ・・・(III) - 前記SX150が下記式を満足する、請求項1に記載のポリエステルフィルム。
(SX150)<5% ・・・ (IV) - X方向の破断伸度が100%以上である、請求項1または2に記載のポリエステルフィルム。
- Y方向の破断伸度が150%以上であり、かつX方向の破断伸度よりも高い、請求項1~3のいずれかに記載のポリエステルフィルム。
- Y方向において、23℃、100時間での寸法変化率が、-0.1%以上0.1%以下である、請求項1~4のいずれかに記載のポリエステルフィルム。
- Y方向において、50℃、100時間での寸法変化率が、-0.3%以上0.3%以下である、請求項1~5のいずれかに記載のポリエステルフィルム。
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