WO2016199767A1 - スタッドピンおよび空気入りタイヤ - Google Patents
スタッドピンおよび空気入りタイヤ Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2016199767A1 WO2016199767A1 PCT/JP2016/066933 JP2016066933W WO2016199767A1 WO 2016199767 A1 WO2016199767 A1 WO 2016199767A1 JP 2016066933 W JP2016066933 W JP 2016066933W WO 2016199767 A1 WO2016199767 A1 WO 2016199767A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- recess
- stud pin
- tire
- convex portion
- concave portion
- Prior art date
Links
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 19
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 19
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010438 granite Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
- B60C11/00—Tyre tread bands; Tread patterns; Anti-skid inserts
- B60C11/14—Anti-skid inserts, e.g. vulcanised into the tread band
- B60C11/16—Anti-skid inserts, e.g. vulcanised into the tread band of plug form, e.g. made from metal, textile
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
- B60C11/00—Tyre tread bands; Tread patterns; Anti-skid inserts
- B60C11/14—Anti-skid inserts, e.g. vulcanised into the tread band
- B60C11/16—Anti-skid inserts, e.g. vulcanised into the tread band of plug form, e.g. made from metal, textile
- B60C11/1625—Arrangements thereof in the tread patterns, e.g. irregular
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
- B60C11/00—Tyre tread bands; Tread patterns; Anti-skid inserts
- B60C11/14—Anti-skid inserts, e.g. vulcanised into the tread band
- B60C11/16—Anti-skid inserts, e.g. vulcanised into the tread band of plug form, e.g. made from metal, textile
- B60C11/1643—Anti-skid inserts, e.g. vulcanised into the tread band of plug form, e.g. made from metal, textile with special shape of the plug-body portion, i.e. not cylindrical
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
- B60C11/00—Tyre tread bands; Tread patterns; Anti-skid inserts
- B60C11/14—Anti-skid inserts, e.g. vulcanised into the tread band
- B60C11/16—Anti-skid inserts, e.g. vulcanised into the tread band of plug form, e.g. made from metal, textile
- B60C11/1675—Anti-skid inserts, e.g. vulcanised into the tread band of plug form, e.g. made from metal, textile with special shape of the plug- tip
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
- B60C11/00—Tyre tread bands; Tread patterns; Anti-skid inserts
- B60C11/14—Anti-skid inserts, e.g. vulcanised into the tread band
- B60C11/16—Anti-skid inserts, e.g. vulcanised into the tread band of plug form, e.g. made from metal, textile
- B60C11/1693—Attachment of the plug-tip within the plug-body
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a stud pin mounted on a tread portion and a pneumatic tire mounted with the stud pin.
- a stud pin is attached to a tread portion of the tire so that a grip can be obtained on a road surface on ice.
- a stud pin is embedded in a stud pin mounting hole provided in a tread portion.
- the stud pin is tightly embedded in the stud pin mounting hole by inserting the stud pin into the stud pin mounting hole with the hole diameter expanded, and the tire pin is rolling This prevents the stud pin from falling out of the stud pin mounting hole due to braking / driving force or lateral force received from the road surface.
- the stud pin includes an embedded base and a tip that protrudes from one end surface of the embedded base.
- the embedded base is fitted into a stud pin mounting hole formed in the tread surface of the tire so that the tip portion protrudes from the tread surface.
- the stud pin has a high grip force by the edge of the tip contacting the icy road surface and exerting the edge effect. For this reason, attempts have been made to enhance the edge effect by increasing the edge in contact with the ice road surface at the tip.
- a stud pin having a tip portion having a concave polygon on the side surface and a concave portion on the side surface is also known (for example, see Patent Document 1). Furthermore, it is attempted to increase the edge and increase the edge effect by increasing the size of the tip.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a stud pin and a pneumatic tire that can reduce the amount of wear on the road surface when traveling on a road surface without ice while maintaining the driving performance on the ice road surface.
- One aspect of the present invention is a stud pin attached to a stud pin mounting hole of a tread portion of a pneumatic tire
- the stud pin is An embedded base embedded in the stud pin mounting hole and extending in the tire radial direction; A tip portion protruding from the tread surface of the tread portion when the embedded base portion is embedded in the stud pin mounting hole; Have The end surface of the tip has a concave polygonal contour shape having one first concave portion and one first convex portion at the end opposite to the first concave portion,
- the stud pin mounting hole is mounted so that the first convex portion faces a stepping side in a tire circumferential direction and the first concave portion faces a kicking side.
- the internal angle of the first convex portion is preferably greater than 90 degrees and less than 180 degrees.
- the inner angle of the first recess is preferably greater than 270 degrees and less than 360 degrees.
- the first recess is preferably formed by a pair of adjacent first recess forming sides.
- the distance between the vertex of the first convex portion and the vertex of the first concave portion is L1
- L2 the distance between the straight line connecting the ends of the pair of first recess forming sides opposite to the apex of the first recess and the apex of the first recess. It is preferable that 1.0 ⁇ L1 / L2 ⁇ 5.0.
- the end surface on which the tip of the embedded base is provided has a concave polygonal contour shape having one second concave portion and one second convex portion at the end opposite to the second concave portion, It is preferable that the second convex portion is arranged so as to face the stepping side in the tire circumferential direction, and the second concave portion faces the kicking side.
- the second recess is formed by a pair of adjacent second recess forming sides,
- the distance between the vertex of the second convex portion and the vertex of the second concave portion is L1 ′,
- L2 ′ the distance between the straight line connecting the ends of the pair of second recess forming sides opposite to the apex of the second recess and the apex of the second recess.
- Another aspect of the present invention is a pneumatic tire in which a stud pin is mounted in a stud pin mounting hole of a tread portion, and a rotation direction is specified,
- the stud pin is An embedded base embedded in the stud pin mounting hole and extending in the tire radial direction; A tip portion protruding from the tread surface of the tread portion when the embedded base portion is embedded in the stud pin mounting hole;
- Have The end surface of the tip has a concave polygonal contour shape having one first concave portion and one first convex portion at the end opposite to the first concave portion,
- the first convex portion is arranged so as to face a stepping side in a tire circumferential direction, and the first concave portion is arranged to face a kicking side.
- the internal angle of the first convex portion is preferably greater than 90 degrees and less than 180 degrees.
- the inner angle of the first recess is preferably greater than 270 degrees and less than 360 degrees.
- the first recess is preferably formed by a pair of adjacent first recess forming sides.
- the distance between the vertex of the first convex portion and the vertex of the first concave portion is L1
- L2 the distance between the straight line connecting the ends of the pair of first recess forming sides opposite to the apex of the first recess and the apex of the first recess. It is preferable that 1.0 ⁇ L1 / L2 ⁇ 5.0.
- the end surface on which the tip of the embedded base is provided has a concave polygonal contour shape having one second concave portion and one second convex portion at the end opposite to the second concave portion, It is preferable that the second convex portion is arranged so as to face the stepping side in the tire circumferential direction, and the second concave portion faces the kicking side.
- the second recess is formed by a pair of adjacent second recess forming sides,
- the distance between the vertex of the second convex portion and the vertex of the second concave portion is L1 ′,
- L2 ′ the distance between the straight line connecting the ends of the pair of second recess forming sides opposite to the apex of the second recess and the apex of the second recess.
- the convex portion is engaged with the ice on the icy road surface and the ice is destroyed. Therefore, the mechanical destruction effect on the ice on the ice road surface can be sufficiently obtained. For this reason, driving performance can be improved by increasing the friction of the ice road surface and reliably kicking out.
- the stud pin by attaching the stud pin to the tire so that the concave portion faces the kicking side, the ice crushes in the concave portion and hardens during braking on the icy road surface.
- FIG. 1 is a tire cross-sectional view showing a cross section of a pneumatic tire (hereinafter referred to as a tire) 10 of the present embodiment.
- the tire 10 is, for example, a passenger car tire.
- Passenger car tires are tires defined in Chapter A of JATMA YEAR BOOK 2012 (Japan Automobile Tire Association Standard).
- the present invention can also be applied to small truck tires defined in Chapter B and truck and bus tires defined in Chapter C.
- the numerical value of the dimension of each pattern element specifically explained below is a numerical example in the tire for passenger cars, and the pneumatic retirement according to the present invention is not limited to these numerical examples.
- the tire circumferential direction described below refers to the direction of rotation of the tread surface (both rotation directions) when the tire 10 is rotated about the tire rotation axis, and the tire radial direction refers to the tire rotation axis.
- the radial direction extending orthogonally refers to the tire radial direction outer side, which is the side away from the tire rotation axis in the tire radial direction.
- the tire width direction means a direction parallel to the tire rotation axis direction, and the tire width direction outside means both sides of the tire 10 away from the tire center line CL.
- the tire 10 has a pair of bead cores 11, a carcass ply layer 12, and a belt layer 14 as a skeleton material, and a tread rubber member 18, a side rubber member 20, and a bead filler rubber around these skeleton materials. It mainly includes a member 22, a rim cushion rubber member 24, and an inner liner rubber member 26.
- the pair of bead cores 11 has an annular shape, and is disposed at both ends in the tire width direction and at inner ends in the tire radial direction.
- the carcass ply layer 12 is made of one or a plurality of carcass ply materials in which organic fibers are covered with rubber.
- the carcass ply material is formed in a toroidal shape by being wound between a pair of bead cores 11.
- the belt layer 14 includes a plurality of belt members 14 a and 14 b and is wound around the outer side of the carcass ply layer 12 in the tire radial direction in the tire circumferential direction.
- the width in the tire width direction of the belt material 14a on the inner side in the tire radial direction is wider than the width of the belt material 14b on the outer side in the tire radial direction.
- the belt members 14a and 14b are members in which a steel cord is covered with rubber.
- the steel cord of the belt material 14a and the steel cord of the belt material 14b are arranged to be inclined at a predetermined angle, for example, 20 to 30 degrees with respect to the tire circumferential direction.
- the steel cord of the belt material 14a and the steel cord of the belt material 14b are inclined in directions opposite to each other with respect to the tire circumferential direction and cross each other.
- the belt layer 14 suppresses the expansion of the carcass ply layer 12 due to the filled air pressure.
- a tread rubber member 18 is provided on the outer side of the belt layer 14 in the tire radial direction. Side rubber members 20 are connected to both ends of the tread rubber member 18.
- the tread rubber member 18 includes a two-layer rubber member including an upper layer tread rubber member 18a provided on the outer side in the tire radial direction and a lower layer tread rubber member 18b provided on the inner side in the tire radial direction.
- the upper layer tread rubber member 18a is provided with circumferential grooves, lug grooves, and stud pin mounting holes 40.
- an area for displaying information such as the tire rotation direction, size, model number, mark, and country of manufacture is provided.
- a rim cushion rubber member 24 is provided at the inner end in the tire radial direction of the side rubber member 20. The rim cushion rubber member 24 comes into contact with a rim on which the tire 10 is mounted.
- a bead filler rubber member 22 is provided outside the bead core 11 in the tire radial direction so as to be sandwiched between carcass ply layers 12 wound around the bead core 11.
- An inner liner rubber member 26 is provided on the inner surface of the tire 10 facing the tire cavity region filled with air surrounded by the tire 10 and the rim.
- the tire 10 includes a belt cover layer 28 that covers the outer surface of the belt layer 14 in the tire radial direction.
- the belt cover layer 28 is made of organic fibers and rubber that covers the organic fibers.
- the tire 10 has the tire structure shown in FIG. 1, the tire structure of the pneumatic tire of the present invention is not limited to this.
- FIG. 2 is an external perspective view of the stud pin 50A according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a side view of the stud pin 50A mounted in the stud pin mounting hole 40 provided in the tread rubber member 18 of the tread portion T.
- the stud pin 50A mainly has an embedded base 53A and a tip 60A.
- the embedded base 53A is embedded in the stud pin mounting hole 40 of the pneumatic tire to be mounted. When the embedded base 53A is pressed against the tread rubber member 18 from the side surface of the stud pin mounting hole 40, the stud pin 50A is fixed to the tread portion.
- the stud pin 50A has an embedded base 53A and a distal end 60A, and the embedded base 53A and the distal end 60A are formed in this order along the direction X.
- the direction X is an extending direction (length direction) extending toward the distal end portion 60 of the embedded base 53A, and when the stud pin 50A is mounted in the stud pin mounting hole 40, the direction X with respect to the tread surface of the tread portion. It matches the normal direction.
- directions Y1 and Y2 are tire width directions
- directions Z1 and Z2 are tire circumferential directions.
- the rotation direction is specified in the information display area provided on the outer surface of the side rubber member 20 in the tire width direction, and the direction Z1 is when the vehicle on which the tire 10 is mounted moves forward.
- the rotation direction of the tire 10, and the direction Z ⁇ b> 2 is the rotation direction of the tire 10 when the vehicle moves backward. That is, the direction Z1 side is the stepping side, and the direction Z2 side is the kicking side.
- the embedded base portion 53A includes a bottom portion 54A, a shank portion 56A, and a trunk portion 58A.
- the bottom portion 54A, the shank portion 56A, and the trunk portion 58A are formed in this order along the direction X.
- the bottom 54A is located at the end opposite to the tip 60A.
- the bottom portion 54A has a flange shape and prevents the stud pin 50A from rotating in the stud pin mounting hole 40 due to the force received from the road surface.
- the shank part 56A is a part that connects the body part 58A and the bottom part 54A.
- the shank portion 56A has a truncated cone shape, and the diameter of the shank portion 56A is smaller than the maximum outer diameter of the bottom portion 54A and the body portion 58A. For this reason, the shank part 56A forms a recess with respect to the body part 58A and the bottom part 54A, and the bottom part 54A and the body part 58A form a flange shape.
- the body portion 58A has a cylindrical shape and is a flange-like portion that is located between the shank portion 56A and the tip portion 60A and connected to the tip portion 60A.
- the body portion 58 ⁇ / b> A is attached to the tire 10
- the body portion 58 ⁇ / b> A is embedded in the tread rubber member 18 with its upper end surface exposed to be substantially flush with the tread surface.
- the front end portion 60 ⁇ / b> A is a portion that protrudes from the tread surface while being attached to the tread portion, contacts the road surface, or scratches ice.
- the distal end portion 60A is a portion protruding in a concave polygonal column shape from the upper end surface of the embedded base portion 53A.
- the tip (end on the direction X side) of the tip 60A forms a tip surface 60a perpendicular to the extending direction of the embedded base 53A (direction X in FIG. 2).
- the front end 60A may be made of the same metal material as the embedded base 53A, or may be made of a different metal material.
- the embedded base 53A and the tip 60A may be made of aluminum.
- the embedded base 53A may be made of aluminum, and the tip 60A may be made of tungsten.
- the tip 60A is driven into a hole (not shown) formed in the upper end surface 58a of the body 58A of the embedded base 53A.
- the tip 60A can be fixed to the embedded base 53A.
- FIG. 4 is a plan view showing the shape of the tip surface 60a.
- the front end surface 60a has a concave polygon shape, and the length in the tire width direction Y1, Y2 is longer than the length in the tire circumferential direction Z1, Z2.
- the stud pin 50A is mounted in the stud pin mounting hole 40 of the tire 10 so that the left-right direction in FIG. 4 is the tire width direction Y1, Y2, and the up-down direction in FIG. 4 is the tire circumferential direction Z1, Z2.
- the contour shape of the distal end surface 60a preferably has a pair of convex portion forming sides (first convex portion forming sides) S1, S2 and a pair of concave portion forming sides (first concave portion forming sides) S3, S4. .
- the contour shape of the distal end surface 60a is from an isosceles triangle having two pairs of first convex portion forming sides S1, S2 to an isosceles triangular shape having two pairs of first concave portion forming sides S3, S4.
- the first recess is preferably cut out.
- the pair of convex portion forming sides S1 and S2 are adjacent to each other and form a convex portion (first convex portion) 61A at the end portion in the Z1 direction of the distal end surface 60a.
- the convex portion forming side S1 extends from the vertex A of the convex portion 61A in the Y2 direction and the Z2 direction
- the convex portion forming side S2 extends from the vertex A of the convex portion 61A in the Y1 direction and the Z2 direction.
- the internal angle ⁇ A formed by the pair of convex portion forming sides S1 and S2 in the convex portion 61A is less than 180 degrees.
- the internal angle ⁇ A is preferably larger than 90 degrees, and more preferably 110 degrees or more and 160 degrees or less as will be described later.
- the pair of recess forming sides S3 and S4 are adjacent to each other, and form a recess (first recess) 62A at the end in the Z2 direction of the tip surface 60a.
- the recess 62A is a line segment connecting the ends of the pair of recess forming sides S3 and S4 in the Z2 direction (the vertex C formed by the recess forming side S3 and the side S5, the recess forming side S4 and the side S6).
- This is a triangular region formed by a line segment L connecting the formed vertex D) and a pair of recess forming sides S3 and S4.
- the recessed portion forming side S3 extends from the apex A of the recessed portion 62A in the Y2 direction and the Z2 direction, and the recessed portion forming side S4 extends from the apex of the recessed portion 62A in the Y1 direction and the Z2 direction.
- the contour shape of the tip surface 60a has an internal angle greater than 180 degrees and less than 360 degrees. That is, the interior angle (360 ° ⁇ B ) formed by the pair of recess forming sides S3 and S4 in the recess 62A is larger than 180 degrees.
- the inner angle (360 ° ⁇ B ) is preferably larger than 270 degrees and smaller than 360 degrees as will be described later.
- the angle formed by the line segment L and the tire width direction Y1, Y2 is preferably 10 ° or less, and more preferably parallel to the tire width direction Y1, Y2.
- the convex portion 61A and the concave portion 62A have substantially the same position in the tire width direction Y1, Y2.
- the angle formed by the straight line connecting the vertex A of the convex portion 61A and the vertex B of the concave portion 62A and the tire circumferential direction Z1, Z2 is preferably 10 ° or less, and is parallel to the tire circumferential direction Z1, Z2. It is more preferable that
- the end in the Z2 direction of the convex forming side S1 and the end in the Z2 direction of the concave forming side S3 are connected by a side S5. Moreover, the edge part of Z2 direction of convex part formation edge
- side S4 are connected by edge
- the sides S5 and S6 are provided in parallel with the tire width directions Y1 and Y2.
- Each side of the polygonal tip surface 60a is preferably a straight line segment.
- each side may be bent and rounded.
- the corner portion of the front end surface 60a is formed by joining the two adjacent sides at end points so as to form an angle other than 180 degrees.
- the corners may be rounded instead of having vertices. For example, you may bend
- the convex portion 61A is provided at the end portion in the Z1 direction of the tip surface 60a, when the tire 10 rotates in the Z1 direction with respect to the ice road surface, the convex portion is formed on the ice on the ice road surface when stepped on. 61A bites and breaks the ice. For this reason, the mechanical destruction effect with respect to the ice on the icy road surface can be sufficiently obtained, and the driving performance can be improved by increasing the friction of the icy road surface and reliably kicking out the ice. In order to sufficiently obtain a mechanical breaking effect on ice on the icy road surface, it is more preferable that the inner angle ⁇ A in the convex portion 61A is 160 degrees or less.
- the crushed ice crushed by the convex portion 61A is discharged away from the convex portion 61A in the tire width direction along the convex portion forming sides S1 and S2. For this reason, when the vehicle is driven forward, the crushed ice does not enter the concave portion 62A, and the crushed ice accumulated in the concave portion 62A does not hinder kicking out.
- the inner angle ⁇ A in the convex portion 61A is preferably 110 degrees or more.
- angles ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 2 formed by the convex portion forming sides S1 and S2 respectively with the tire circumferential directions Z1 and Z2 are both It is preferable that it is larger than 45 degrees.
- the tread surface moves relative to the road surface in the Z2 direction.
- crushed ice accumulates in the recess 62A, and the crushed ice is instantaneously compressed and hardened by the side wall of the tip portion 60A including the recess forming side S3 and the side wall of the tip portion 60A including the recess forming side S4.
- the sides S5 and S6 of the tip surface 60a are in contact with ice on the icy road surface, and the hardened crushed ice contacts and catches the ice on the icy road surface at the line segment L. Can be increased.
- the tip portion 60A can reduce the wear of the road surface without ice because only the sides S5 and S6 of the tip surface 60a are in contact with the road surface.
- angles ⁇ 3 and ⁇ 4 formed by the pair of recessed portion forming sides S3 and S4 and the tire circumferential directions Z1 and Z2 are greater than 0 degree and less than 45 degrees. It is preferable that the minor angle ⁇ B formed by the pair of recess forming sides S3 and S4 in the recess 62A is less than 90 degrees.
- the inner angle (360 ° ⁇ B ) in the recess 62A is 270 ° ⁇ (360 ° ⁇ B ) ⁇ 360 °.
- the recess angle ⁇ B formed by the recess forming sides S3 and S4 is preferably larger than 60 degrees. That is, the inner angle (360 ° ⁇ B ) in the recess 62A is preferably less than 300 °.
- the weight of the tip portion 60A can be reduced by providing the recess 62A, the force acting on the road surface from the tip portion 60A can be reduced, and the wear of the road surface can be reduced.
- the distance from the vertex A of the convex portion 61A to the vertex B of the concave portion 62A is L1
- the distance from the vertex B of the concave portion 62A to the line segment L is L2
- the effect of reducing the weight of the tip portion 60A is sufficiently obtained.
- it is preferable to satisfy 1.0 ⁇ L1 / L2 in order to reliably compress the crushed ice by the recess 62A, it is preferable to satisfy 1.0 ⁇ L1 / L2, and it is more preferable to satisfy 1.5 ⁇ L1 / L2.
- the front end surface 60a has been described with respect to the front end portion 60A having six sides (the convex portion forming sides S1, S2, the concave portion forming sides S3, S4, and the sides S5, S6). Is not limited to this. Hereinafter, modifications of the present embodiment will be described.
- FIG. 5 is a plan view showing the distal end surface 60b according to the first modification of the present invention.
- the end portion in the Z2 direction of the convex portion forming side S1 and the end portion in the Z2 direction of the concave portion forming side S3 are connected by the side S7.
- the side S7 extends inclining in the Y1 direction and the Z2 direction from the end in the Z2 direction of the convex portion forming side S1.
- side S4 are connected by edge
- the side S8 extends inclining in the Y2 direction and the Z2 direction from the end in the Z2 direction of the convex portion forming side S2.
- the contour shape of the tip end surface 60b is from a pentagon consisting of five sides of the convex portion forming sides S1, S2, sides S7, S8 and the line segment L from a pair of concave portion forming sides S3, S4 and the line segment L. It is preferable to make it the shape which cut out the triangular 1st recessed part which becomes.
- crushed ice accumulates in the concave portion 62A, and the crushed ice is instantaneously compressed by the side wall of the tip portion 60A including the concave portion forming side S3 and the side wall of the tip portion 60A including the concave portion forming side S4. And hardened.
- the hardened crushed ice contacts and catches the ice on the icy road surface at the line segment L, so that the braking performance on ice can be improved.
- the vertices C and D are in contact with the road surface, so that wear on the road surface without ice can be reduced.
- FIG. 6 is a plan view showing a distal end surface 60c according to a second modification of the present invention.
- the contour shape of the distal end surface 60c is preferably a shape obtained by cutting out a first concave portion having a triangular shape including a pair of concave portion forming sides S3 and S4 and a line segment L from a pentagon.
- the end in the Z1 direction of the side S7 is connected to the end in the Z2 direction of the convex forming side S1
- the side S5 is connected to the end in the Z2 direction of the concave forming side S3.
- the sides S5 and S6 are provided in parallel with the tire width directions Y1 and Y2.
- the side S7 extends inclining in the Y1 direction and the Z2 direction from the end in the Z2 direction of the convex portion forming side S1.
- the side S8 extends inclining in the Y2 direction and the Z2 direction from the end in the Z2 direction of the convex portion forming side S2.
- crushed ice accumulates in the recess 62A, and the crushed ice is instantaneously compressed by the side wall of the tip 60A including the recess forming side S3 and the side wall of the tip 60A including the recess forming side S4. And hardened.
- the sides S5 and S6 of the tip surface 60a are in contact with ice on the icy road surface, and the hardened crushed ice contacts and catches the ice on the icy road surface at the line segment L. Can be increased.
- the tip portion 60A can reduce the wear of the road surface without ice because only the sides S5 and S6 of the tip surface 60a are in contact with the road surface.
- FIG. 7 is a plan view showing a tip surface 60d according to a third modification of the present invention.
- the contour shape of the tip surface 60d is a heptagon formed of the convex portion forming sides S1, S2, the sides S5, S6, S7, S8 and the line segment L, and a pair of concave forming sides. It is preferable that the triangular first concave portion composed of S3, S4 and the line segment L is cut out.
- the end in the Z1 direction of the side S9 is connected to the end in the Z2 direction of the convex forming side S1, and the end in the Z2 direction of the side S9 is connected to the end in the Z1 direction of the side S7.
- the end of the side S7 in the Z2 direction is connected to the end of the recess forming side S3 in the Z2 direction.
- the end in the Z1 direction of the side S10 is connected to the end of the convex forming side S2 in the Z2 direction
- the end in the Z2 direction of the side S10 is connected to the end in the Z1 direction of the side S8, and
- the end in the Z2 direction is connected to the end in the Z2 direction of the recess forming side S4.
- the sides S9 and S10 are provided in parallel with the tire circumferential directions Z1 and Z2.
- the side S7 extends from the end of the side S9 in the Z2 direction so as to be inclined in the Y1 direction and the Z2 direction.
- the side S8 extends from the end of the side S10 in the Z2 direction so as to be inclined in the Y2 direction and the Z2 direction.
- crushed ice accumulates in the recess 62A, and the crushed ice is instantaneously compressed by the side wall of the tip 60A including the recess forming side S3 and the side wall of the tip 60A including the recess forming side S4. And hardened.
- the hardened crushed ice contacts and catches the ice on the icy road surface at the line segment L, so that the braking performance on ice can be improved.
- the vertices C and D are in contact with the road surface, so that wear on the road surface without ice can be reduced.
- FIG. 8 is a perspective view of a stud pin 50B according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- the distal end surface 60b of the distal end portion 60B has the same shape as shown in FIG. That is, the front end surface 60b has a hexagonal shape having five convex portions and one concave portion.
- the embedded base 53B of the second embodiment is different in shape from the embedded base 53A of the first embodiment.
- the embedded base portion 53B of the stud pin 50B shown in FIG. 8 has a bottom portion 54B, a shank portion 56B, and a body portion 58B.
- the bottom portion 54B, the shank portion 56B, and the body portion 58B are arranged along the direction X. It is formed in order.
- the upper end surface 58b of the body portion 58B has a similar shape to the distal end surface 60b shown in FIG. That is, the upper end surface 58b has a hexagonal shape having five convex portions and one concave portion.
- FIG. 9 is a plan view showing the upper end surface 58b of the distal end portion 60B.
- the contour shape of the upper end surface 58b includes a pair of convex portion forming sides (second convex portion forming sides) S1 ′ and S2 ′ and a pair of concave portion forming sides (second concave portion forming sides) S3 ′ and S4 ′. Have.
- the pair of convex portion forming sides S1 ′ and S2 ′ are adjacent to each other and form a convex portion 51B (second convex portion) at the end in the Z1 direction of the upper end surface 58b.
- the convex portion forming side S1 ′ extends from the vertex A ′ of the convex portion 51B in the Y2 direction and the Z2 direction
- the convex portion forming side S2 ′ extends from the vertex A ′ of the convex portion 51B in the Y1 direction and the Z2 direction.
- the internal angle ⁇ A ′ formed by the pair of convex portion forming sides S1 ′ and S2 ′ in the convex portion 51B is less than 180 degrees.
- the inner angle ⁇ A ′ is preferably larger than 90 degrees.
- the pair of recess forming sides S3 ′ and S4 ′ are adjacent to each other and form a recess 52B (second recess) at the end of the upper end surface 58a in the Z2 direction.
- the recess 52B is a line segment connecting the ends of the pair of recess forming sides S3 ′ and S4 ′ in the Z2 direction (the vertex C ′ formed by the recess forming side S3 ′ and the side S7 ′ and the recess forming side).
- This is a triangular region formed by a line segment L ′ and a pair of recess forming sides S3 ′ and S4 ′ connecting S4 ′ and the vertex D ′ formed by the side S8 ′.
- the recess forming side S3 ′ extends from the apex B ′ of the recess 62B in the Y2 direction and the Z2 direction
- the recess forming side S4 ′ extends from the apex B ′ of the recess 62B in the Y1 direction and the Z2 direction.
- the interior angle (360 ° ⁇ B ′) formed by the pair of recess forming sides S3 ′ and S4 ′ in the recess 52B is greater than 180 degrees.
- the internal angle (360 ° ⁇ B ′) is preferably greater than 270 degrees and less than 360 degrees.
- the angle formed by the line segment L ′ and the tire width directions Y1 and Y2 is preferably 10 ° or less, and more preferably parallel to the tire width directions Y1 and Y2.
- the convex portion 51B and the concave portion 52B have substantially the same position in the tire width direction Y1, Y2. That is, the angle formed by the straight line connecting the vertex A ′ of the convex portion 51B and the vertex B ′ of the concave portion 52B and the tire circumferential direction Z1, Z2 is preferably 10 ° or less, and is parallel to the tire circumferential direction Z1, Z2. More preferably.
- the end portion in the Z2 direction of the convex portion forming side S1 'and the end portion in the Z2 direction of the concave portion forming side S3' are connected by a side S7 '.
- the end in the Z2 direction of the convex forming side S2 'and the end in the Z2 direction of the concave forming side S4' are connected by a side S8 '.
- Each side of the upper end surface 58b is preferably a straight line segment. However, each side may be bent and rounded.
- the upper end surface 58b may be bent with a radius of curvature longer than the length in the tire width direction.
- the corner portion of the upper end surface 58b is formed by connecting the two adjacent sides at the end points so as to form an angle other than 180 degrees.
- the corner may be rounded, for example, may be bent with a curvature radius of 1/10 or less of the shortest side of the upper end surface 58b.
- the body portion 58B in addition to the front end portion 60B, the body portion 58B also forms the recess 52B, whereby the weight of the stud pin 50B can be reduced, and wear on the road surface without ice can be reduced. it can.
- crushed ice accumulates in the recess 52B, and the crushed ice is instantaneously compressed and hardened by the side wall of the body part 58B including the recessed part forming side S3 ′ and the side wall of the body part 58B including the recessed part forming side S4 ′. .
- the hardened crushed ice contacts and catches the ice on the icy road surface at the line segment L ′, so that the braking performance on ice can be improved.
- the minor angle ⁇ B ′ formed by the pair of recessed portion forming sides S3 ′ and S4 ′ in the recessed portion 52B is less than 90 degrees. That is, the internal angle (360 ° ⁇ B ′) in the recess 52B is preferably 270 ° ⁇ (360 ° ⁇ B ′) ⁇ 360 °.
- the minor angle (360 ° ⁇ B ′) formed by the recess forming sides S3 ′, S4 ′ is larger than 60 degrees. That is, the inner angle (360 ° ⁇ B ′) in the recess 52B is preferably less than 300 °.
- the weight of the body portion 58B is in order to sufficiently obtain the effect of reduction, L1 ′ / L2 ′ ⁇ 5.0 is preferable, and L1 ′ / L2 ′ ⁇ 3.0 is more preferable.
- drum 58B shall have the upper end surface similar to the front end surface 60b shown in FIG. 5, the shape of the trunk
- the upper end surface of the body part and the front end surface of the front end part do not necessarily have a similar shape, and the combination of the shape of the front end face and the shape of the body part is arbitrary.
- FIG. 10 is an external perspective view of a stud pin 50C according to a modification of the second embodiment.
- a chamfered surface 58c may be provided along the contour line of the upper end surface 58b of the body portion 58C.
- the body portion 58C contacts the road surface with the stud pin tilted.
- the body portion 58B comes into contact with the road surface at the upper end surface 58b.
- the chamfered surface 58c when the chamfered surface 58c is provided, the body portion 58C contacts the road surface at the chamfered surface 58c.
- the angle formed by the chamfered surface 58c and the upper end surface 58b is preferably 110 ° or more and 160 ° or less, and more preferably 120 ° or more and 150 ° or less.
- FIG. 11 is an external perspective view of a stud pin 50D according to a modification of the second embodiment.
- the recess 52D provided in the body portion 58D does not need to be provided over the entire length of the body portion 58D in the X direction, and extends halfway from the upper end surface 58b toward the shank portion 56D (for example, the body portion 58D). It may be provided up to a length of half of the total length of 58D in the X direction.
- the side surface of the portion of the body portion 58D where the recess 52D is formed is inclined surfaces 58d and 58e inclined with respect to the X direction.
- the angle formed between the inclined surfaces 58d and 58e forming the recess 52D and the upper end surface 58b is preferably 110 ° or more and 160 ° or less, and more preferably 120 ° or more and 150 ° or less.
- the weight of the stud pin 50D can be reduced, and the wear on the road surface without ice can be reduced.
- crushed ice accumulates in the recess 52D, and the crushed ice is instantaneously compressed and hardened by the inclined surface 58d including the recessed portion forming side S3 'and the inclined surface 58e including the recessed portion forming side S4'.
- the hardened crushed ice comes into contact with the ice on the icy road surface and is caught, so that the braking performance on ice can be improved.
- the body portion 58D is provided with the chamfered surface 58c, but the body portion 58D may not be provided with the chamfered surface 58c.
- Example 2 In order to confirm the effect of the stud pin of this embodiment, the stud pins of Examples 1 to 26 and the comparative example were attached to the same tire as the tire 10 shown in FIG.
- the tire size of the tire was 205 / 55R16.
- a tip portion having a tip surface having the same shape as the tip surface 60a shown in FIG. 5 was used.
- the inner angle ⁇ A of the convex part, the inferior angle ⁇ B formed by the pair of concave part forming sides, and L1 / L2 are as shown in Tables 1 to 4.
- the front end surface is a rhombus and a front end portion having no recess is used.
- the length of the four sides of the rhombus was the same as the length of the convex portion forming side in Example 1.
- one interior angle of the rhombus was set to the same angle as the interior angle of the convex portion of Example 1.
- Example 1 to 19 and the comparative example an embedded base similar to the embedded base 53A shown in FIG. 2 was used.
- Examples 20 to 25 an embedded base similar to the embedded base 53B shown in FIG. 8 was used.
- Table 4 shows the inferior angle ⁇ B ′ formed by the pair of recess forming sides in the embedded base.
- Example 26 an embedded base similar to the embedded base 53C shown in FIG. 10 was used. The angle with respect to the length direction of the chamfered surface was 45 °.
- the stud pin was mounted in the stud pin mounting hole so that the concave portion was directed to the kick-out side and the convex portion opposite to the concave portion was directed to the stepping side in the tire circumferential direction.
- the tires of the above examples and conventional examples were mounted on a passenger car, and the braking performance on ice and the amount of road surface wear were evaluated.
- As the passenger car a front-wheel-drive sedan type passenger car having a displacement of 2000 cc was used.
- the tire internal pressure condition was 230 (kPa) for both the front and rear wheels.
- the tire size was 205 / 55R16.
- the load conditions for each tire were 450 kg weight for the front wheel load and 300 kg weight for the rear wheel load.
- the stud pin with a recess formed at the tip is attached to the tire so that the recess faces the kicking side in the tire circumferential direction, so that braking performance on ice is improved and road surface wear is increased. It can be seen that the amount is reduced. Comparing Examples 1 to 7, it can be seen that by increasing the internal angle ⁇ A of the convex portion to more than 90 degrees, braking performance on ice is improved and the amount of road surface wear is reduced. In particular, theta A to by 110 degrees to 160 degrees, it can be seen that further increases the braking performance on ice, to reduce road surface wear amount. Comparing Examples 8 to 13, it can be seen that by setting the inner angle of the concave portion at the tip to 60 degrees to 90 degrees, it is possible to reduce the amount of road surface wear without significantly reducing the braking performance on ice.
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Abstract
Description
一般に、スタッドピンは、トレッド部に設けられたスタッドピン取付用孔に埋め込まれる。スタッドピン取付用孔にスタッドピンを埋め込むとき、孔径を拡張した状態のスタッドピン取付用孔にスタッドピンを挿入することで、スタッドピンがスタッドピン取付用孔にきつく埋め込まれ、タイヤ転動中に路面から受ける制駆動力や横力によるスタッドピンのスタッドピン取付用孔からの抜け落ちを防いでいる。
一方、先端部のエッジを増加させると、氷がない路面を走行するときに路面の摩耗量が増大するという問題がある。
前記スタッドピンは、
前記スタッドピン取付用孔内に埋設されタイヤ径方向に延在する埋設基部と、
前記埋設基部が前記スタッドピン取付用孔内に埋設されたときに前記トレッド部の踏面から突出する先端部と、
を有し、
前記先端部の端面は、1つの第1凹部および前記第1凹部と反対側の端部に1つの第1凸部を有する凹多角形の輪郭形状を有し、
前記第1凸部がタイヤ周方向の踏み込み側に向き、前記第1凹部が蹴り出し側に向くように前記スタッドピン取付用孔に装着されることを特徴とする。
前記第1凹部の内角は270度よりも大きく360度未満であることが好ましい。
前記第1凸部の頂点と前記第1凹部の頂点との距離をL1とし、
前記1対の第1凹部形成辺の前記第1凹部の頂点とは反対側の端部同士を接続する直線と、前記第1凹部の頂点との距離をL2とするとき、
1.0≦L1/L2≦5.0であることが好ましい。
前記第2凸部がタイヤ周方向の踏み込み側に向き、前記第2凹部が蹴り出し側に向くように配置されることが好ましい。
前記第2凸部の頂点と前記第2凹部の頂点との距離をL1’とし、
前記1対の第2凹部形成辺の前記第2凹部の頂点とは反対側の端部同士を接続する直線と、前記第2凹部の頂点との距離をL2’とするとき、
1.0≦L1’/L2’≦5.0である、
ことが好ましい。
前記スタッドピンは、
前記スタッドピン取付用孔内に埋設されタイヤ径方向に延在する埋設基部と、
前記埋設基部が前記スタッドピン取付用孔内に埋設されたときに前記トレッド部の踏面から突出する先端部と、
を有し、
前記先端部の端面は、1つの第1凹部および前記第1凹部と反対側の端部に1つの第1凸部を有する凹多角形の輪郭形状を有し、
前記第1凸部がタイヤ周方向の踏み込み側に向き、前記第1凹部が蹴り出し側に向くように配置されることを特徴とする。
前記第1凹部の内角は270度よりも大きく360度未満であることが好ましい。
前記第1凸部の頂点と前記第1凹部の頂点との距離をL1とし、
前記1対の第1凹部形成辺の前記第1凹部の頂点とは反対側の端部同士を接続する直線と、前記第1凹部の頂点との距離をL2とするとき、
1.0≦L1/L2≦5.0であることが好ましい。
前記第2凸部がタイヤ周方向の踏み込み側に向き、前記第2凹部が蹴り出し側に向くように配置されることが好ましい。
前記第2凸部の頂点と前記第2凹部の頂点との距離をL1’とし、
前記1対の第2凹部形成辺の前記第2凹部の頂点とは反対側の端部同士を接続する直線と、前記第2凹部の頂点との距離をL2’とするとき、
1.0≦L1’/L2’≦5.0である、
ことが好ましい。
また、凹部が蹴り出し側を向くようにスタッドピンをタイヤに取り付けることで、氷路面における制動時には、凹部に砕氷が溜まり、固められる。この固められた砕氷が氷路面上の氷と接触して引っかかるため、氷上制動性能を高めることができる。一方、氷がない路面における制動時には、凹部の端部のみが路面と接触するため、氷がない路面の摩耗を低減することができる。
〔第1実施形態〕
(タイヤの全体説明)
以下、本実施形態の空気入りタイヤについて説明する。図1は、本実施形態の空気入りタイヤ(以降、タイヤという)10の断面を示すタイヤ断面図である。
タイヤ10は、例えば、乗用車用タイヤである。乗用車用タイヤは、JATMA YEAR BOOK 2012(日本自動車タイヤ協会規格)のA章に定められるタイヤをいう。この他、B章に定められる小型トラック用タイヤおよびC章に定められるトラック及びバス用タイヤに適用することもできる。
以降で具体的に説明する各パターン要素の寸法の数値は、乗用車用タイヤにおける数値例であり、本発明である空気入リタイヤはこれらの数値例に限定されない。
タイヤ10は、骨格材として、一対のビードコア11と、カーカスプライ層12と、ベルト層14とを有し、これらの骨格材の周りに、トレッドゴム部材18と、サイドゴム部材20と、ビードフィラーゴム部材22と、リムクッションゴム部材24と、インナーライナゴム部材26と、を主に有する。
カーカスプライ層12は、有機繊維をゴムで被覆した1又は複数のカーカスプライ材からなる。カーカスプライ材は、一対のビードコア11の間に巻き回すことによりトロイダル形状に形成されている。
ベルト層14は複数のベルト材14a、14bからなり、カーカスプライ層12のタイヤ径方向外側にタイヤ周方向に巻き回されている。タイヤ径方向内側のベルト材14aのタイヤ幅方向の幅は、タイヤ径方向外側のベルト材14bの幅に比べて広い。
ベルト材14a、14bは、スチールコードにゴムを被覆した部材である。ベルト材14aのスチールコード、および、ベルト材14bのスチールコードは、タイヤ周方向に対して所定の角度、例えば20~30度傾斜して配置されている。ベルト材14aのスチールコードと、ベルト材14bのスチールコードとは、タイヤ周方向に対して互いに逆方向に傾斜し、互いに交錯する。ベルト層14は充填された空気圧によるカーカスプライ層12の膨張を抑制する。
サイドゴム部材20のタイヤ径方向内側の端には、リムクッションゴム部材24が設けられる。リムクッションゴム部材24はタイヤ10を装着するリムと接触する。ビードコア11のタイヤ径方向外側には、ビードコア11の周りに巻きまわしたカーカスプライ層12に挟まれるようにビードフィラーゴム部材22が設けられている。タイヤ10とリムとで囲まれる空気を充填するタイヤ空洞領域に面するタイヤ10の内表面には、インナーライナゴム部材26が設けられている。
この他に、タイヤ10は、ベルト層14のタイヤ径方向外側面を覆うベルトカバー層28を備える。ベルトカバー層28は、有機繊維と、この有機繊維を被覆するゴムとからなる。
図2は、本発明の第1の実施形態のスタッドピン50Aの外観斜視図である。図3は、トレッド部Tのトレッドゴム部材18に設けられたスタッドピン取付用孔40に装着されたスタッドピン50Aの側面図である。
スタッドピン50Aは、埋設基部53Aと、先端部60Aと、を主に有する。埋設基部53Aは、装着される空気入りタイヤのスタッドピン取付用孔40内に埋設される。埋設基部53Aがスタッドピン取付用孔40の側面からトレッドゴム部材18に押圧されることによりスタッドピン50Aがトレッド部に固定される。スタッドピン50Aは、埋設基部53Aと、先端部60Aとを有し、埋設基部53A及び先端部60Aが、方向Xに沿ってこの順に形成されている。なお、方向Xは、埋設基部53Aの先端部60に向けて延びる延在方向(長さ方向)であり、スタッドピン50Aをスタッドピン取付用孔40に装着したときに、トレッド部のトレッド面に対する法線方向と一致する。また、方向Y1、Y2はタイヤ幅方向であり、方向Z1、Z2はタイヤ周方向である。本実施形態におけるタイヤ10には、サイドゴム部材20のタイヤ幅方向外側の面に設けられた情報表示領域において回転方向が指定されており、方向Z1はタイヤ10が装着される車両が前進するときのタイヤ10の回転方向であり、方向Z2は車両が後退するときのタイヤ10の回転方向である。すなわち、方向Z1側が踏み込み側であり、方向Z2側が蹴り出し側である。
埋設基部53Aは、底部54Aと、シャンク部56Aと、胴体部58Aと、を有し、底部54A、シャンク部56A、および胴体部58Aが、方向Xに沿ってこの順に形成されている。
1対の凸部形成辺S1、S2は、互いに隣接し、先端面60aのZ1方向の端部に凸部(第1凸部)61Aを形成する。凸部形成辺S1は凸部61Aの頂点AからY2方向かつZ2方向に延在し、凸部形成辺S2は凸部61Aの頂点AからY1方向かつZ2方向に延在している。凸部61Aにおける1対の凸部形成辺S1、S2がなす内角θAは180度未満である。この内角θAは90度よりも大きいことが好ましく、後述するように110度以上160度以下であることがより好ましい。
線分Lとタイヤ幅方向Y1、Y2とのなす角は10°以下であることが好ましく、タイヤ幅方向Y1、Y2と平行であることがより好ましい。
先端面60aの角部は、隣接する2辺が180度以外の角度をなすように端点で繋ぎ合わせられることにより形成される。しかし、角部は頂点を有する代わりに丸みを帯びていてもよい。例えば、先端面60aの最も短い辺の1/10以下の曲率半径で屈曲していてもよい。
凸部61Aにより砕かれた砕氷をタイヤ幅方向に遠ざかるように排出するために、凸部61Aにおける内角θAは110度以上であることが好ましい。また、凸部形成辺S1、S2による砕氷のタイヤ幅方向への排出を促進するために、凸部形成辺S1、S2のそれぞれがタイヤ周方向Z1、Z2となす角θ1、θ2は、いずれも45度よりも大きいことが好ましい。
凹部形成辺S3、S4による砕氷の圧縮を効率よく行うために、1対の凹部形成辺S3、S4のそれぞれがタイヤ周方向Z1、Z2となす角θ3、θ4は0度よりも大きく45度未満であり、凹部62Aにおける1対の凹部形成辺S3、S4がなす劣角θBが90度未満であることが好ましい。すなわち、凹部62Aにおける内角(360°-θB)が、270°<(360°-θB)<360°であることが好ましい。一方、砕氷を確実に凹部62A内に集めるために、凹部形成辺S3、S4がなす劣角θBは60度よりも大きいことが好ましい。すなわち、凹部62Aにおける内角(360°-θB)が300°未満であることが好ましい。
ここで、凸部61Aの頂点Aから凹部62Aの頂点Bまでの距離をL1、凹部62Aの頂点Bから線分Lまでの距離をL2とすると、先端部60Aの重量を低減する効果を充分に得るために、L1/L2≦5.0とすることが好ましく、L1/L2≦3.0とすることがより好ましい。一方、凹部62Aによる砕氷の圧縮を確実に行うために、1.0≦L1/L2とすることが好ましく、1.5≦L1/L2とすることがより好ましい。
図5は本発明の第1の変形例に係る先端面60bを示す平面図である。第1の変形例に係る先端面60bにおいては、凸部形成辺S1のZ2方向の端部と凹部形成辺S3のZ2方向の端部とが辺S7により接続されている。辺S7は凸部形成辺S1のZ2方向の端部からY1方向かつZ2方向に傾斜して延在している。また、凸部形成辺S2のZ2方向の端部と凹部形成辺S4のZ2方向の端部とが、辺S8により接続されている。辺S8は凸部形成辺S2のZ2方向の端部からY2方向かつZ2方向に傾斜して延在している。このように、先端面60bの輪郭形状は、凸部形成辺S1、S2、辺S7、S8および線分Lの5辺からなる五角形から、1対の凹部形成辺S3、S4および線分Lからなる3角形状の第1凹部を切り抜いた形状とすることが好ましい。
図6は本発明の第2の変形例に係る先端面60cを示す平面図である。図6に示すように、先端面60cの輪郭形状は、5角形から、1対の凹部形成辺S3、S4および線分Lからなる3角形状の第1凹部を切り抜いた形状とすることが好ましい。第2の変形例に係る先端面60cにおいては、凸部形成辺S1のZ2方向の端部に辺S7のZ1方向の端部が接続され、凹部形成辺S3のZ2方向の端部に辺S5のY1方向の端部が接続され、辺S7のZ2方向の端部が辺S5のY2方向の端部に接続されている。また、凸部形成辺S2のZ2方向の端部に辺S8のZ1方向の端部が接続され、凹部形成辺S4のZ2方向の端部に辺S6のY2方向の端部が接続され、辺S8のZ2方向の端部が辺S6のY1方向の端部に接続されている。
辺S5、S6は、タイヤ幅方向Y1、Y2と平行に設けられている。
辺S7は凸部形成辺S1のZ2方向の端部からY1方向かつZ2方向に傾斜して延在している。辺S8は凸部形成辺S2のZ2方向の端部からY2方向かつZ2方向に傾斜して延在している。
図7は本発明の第3の変形例に係る先端面60dを示す平面図である。図7に示すように、先端面60dの輪郭形状は、凸部形成辺S1、S2、辺S5、S6、S7、S8および線分Lの7辺からなる7角形から、1対の凹部形成辺S3、S4および線分Lからなる3角形状の第1凹部を切り抜いた形状とすることが好ましい。先端面60dにおいては、凸部形成辺S1のZ2方向の端部に辺S9のZ1方向の端部が接続され、辺S9のZ2方向の端部が辺S7のZ1方向の端部に接続され、辺S7のZ2方向の端部が凹部形成辺S3のZ2方向の端部に接続されている。また、凸部形成辺S2のZ2方向の端部に辺S10のZ1方向の端部が接続され、辺S10のZ2方向の端部が辺S8のZ1方向の端部に接続され、辺S8のZ2方向の端部が凹部形成辺S4のZ2方向の端部に接続されている。
辺S9、S10は、タイヤ周方向Z1、Z2と平行に設けられている。
辺S7は辺S9のZ2方向の端部からY1方向かつZ2方向に傾斜して延在している。
辺S8は辺S10のZ2方向の端部からY2方向かつZ2方向に傾斜して延在している。
図8は本発明の第2の実施形態に係るスタッドピン50Bの斜視図である。第2の実施形態のスタッドピン50Bでは、先端部60Bの先端面60bが図5に示すのと同様の形状を有する。すなわち、先端面60bは、5つの凸部と1つの凹部を有する六角形状である。
また、第2の実施形態の埋設基部53Bは、第1の実施形態の埋設基部53Aとは形状が異なる。図8に示すスタッドピン50Bの埋設基部53Bは、底部54Bと、シャンク部56Bと、胴体部58Bと、を有し、底部54B、シャンク部56B、および胴体部58Bが、方向Xに沿ってこの順に形成されている。
図9は先端部60Bの上端面58bを示す平面図である。上端面58bの輪郭形状は、1対の凸部形成辺(第2凸部形成辺)S1’、S2’と、1対の凹部形成辺(第2凹部形成辺)S3’、S4’とを有する。
1対の凸部形成辺S1’、S2’は、互いに隣接し、上端面58bのZ1方向の端部に凸部51B(第2凸部)を形成する。凸部形成辺S1’は凸部51Bの頂点A’からY2方向かつZ2方向に延在し、凸部形成辺S2’は凸部51Bの頂点A’からY1方向かつZ2方向に延在している。凸部51Bにおける1対の凸部形成辺S1’、S2’がなす内角θA’は180度未満である。この内角θA’は90度よりも大きいことが好ましい。
線分L’とタイヤ幅方向Y1、Y2とのなす角は10°以下であることが好ましく、タイヤ幅方向Y1、Y2と平行であることがより好ましい。
上端面58bの角部は、隣接する2辺が180度以外の角度をなすように端点で繋ぎ合わせられることにより形成される。しかし、角部は丸みを帯びていてもよく、例えば、上端面58bの最も短い辺の1/10以下の曲率半径で屈曲していてもよい。
図10は第2の実施形態の変形例に係るスタッドピン50Cの外観斜視図である。図10に示すように、胴体部58Cの上端面58bの輪郭線に沿って、面取り面58cを設けてもよい。胴体部58Cはスタッドピンが傾いた状態で路面と接触する。図8に示すように、面取り面58cがない場合には、胴体部58Bは上端面58bで路面と接触する。これに対し、図10に示すように、面取り面58cを設けた場合には、胴体部58Cは面取り面58cで路面と接触する。このため、面取り面58cを設けることで、胴体部58Cと路面との接触面積を大きくし、駆動性能および制動性能を高めることができる。面取り面58cの上端面58bとのなす角は、110°以上160°以下であることが好ましく、120°以上150°以下であることが好ましい。
図11は第2の実施形態の変形例に係るスタッドピン50Dの外観斜視図である。図11に示すように、胴体部58Dに設けられる凹部52Dは、胴体部58DのX方向の全長にわたって設けられている必要はなく、上端面58bからシャンク部56Dへ向かう途中まで(例えば、胴体部58DのX方向の全長の半分)の長さまで設けられていてもよい。図11においては、胴体部58Dの凹部52Dが形成される部分の側面がX方向に対して傾斜した傾斜面58d、58eとなっている。凹部52Dを形成する傾斜面58d、58eと上端面58bとのなす角は、110°以上160°以下であることが好ましく、120°以上150°以下であることが好ましい。
本実施形態のスタッドピンによる効果を確認するために、実施例1~26および比較例のスタッドピンを図1に示すタイヤ10と同様のタイヤに取り付けた。タイヤのタイヤサイズは、205/55R16とした。
実施例1~26では、図5に示す先端面60aと同様の形状の先端面を有する先端部を用いた。凸部の内角θA、1対の凹部形成辺がなす劣角θB、L1/L2については、表1~4に示すとおりである。
比較例では先端面が菱形であり、凹部がない先端部を用いた。菱形の4辺の長さは実施例1の凸部形成辺の長さと同じ長さとした。また、菱形の1つの内角を実施例1の凸部の内角と同じ角度とした。
実施例20~25では、図8に示す埋設基部53Bと同様の埋設基部を用いた。埋設基部における1対の凹部形成辺がなす劣角θB’については、表4に示すとおりである。
実施例26では、図10に示す埋設基部53Cと同様の埋設基部を用いた。面取り面の長さ方向に対する角度は45°とした。
上記の実施例および従来例のタイヤを乗用車に装着し、氷上制動性能および路面摩耗量の評価を行った。乗用車は、排気量2000ccの前輪駆動のセダン型乗用車を用いた。タイヤの内圧条件は、前輪、後輪ともに230(kPa)とした。タイヤサイズは205/55R16とした。各タイヤの荷重条件は、前輪荷重を450kg重、後輪荷重を300kg重とした。
上記の乗用車で氷路面からなるテストコースを走行させたときの制動距離の逆数を用いて、比較例を100とする指数により示し、値が大きいほど性能が高いと評価した。
花崗岩を路面に埋め込み、上記の乗用車で花崗岩の上を通過し、通過前後における花崗岩の重量差を摩耗量として測定した。測定値の逆数を用い、比較例を100とする指数により示し、値が大きいほど性能が高いと評価した。
結果を表1~表4に示す。
実施例1~7を対比すると、凸部の内角θAを90度よりも大きくすることで、氷上制動性能が高まり、路面摩耗量が低減することがわかる。特に、θAを110度~160度とすることで、さらに氷上制動性能が高まり、路面摩耗量が低減することがわかる。
実施例8~13を対比すると、先端部の凹部の内角を60度~90度とすることで、氷上制動性能をあまり低下させずに路面摩耗量を低減することができることがわかる。
実施例11と実施例20~25を対比すると、埋設基部にも凹部を設けることで、氷上制動性能をさらに高めることができることがわかる。
実施例20~25を対比すると、埋設基部の凹部の内角θB’を270度よりも大きくすることで、氷上制動性能をあまり低下させずに路面摩耗量を低減することができることがわかる。
実施例23、26を対比すると、埋設基部に面取り面を設けることで、氷上制動性能を高めることができることがわかる。
40 スタッドピン取付用孔
50A、50B、50C、50D スタッドピン
53A、53B、53C、53D 埋設基部
54A、54B、54C、54D 底部
56A、56B、56C、56D シャンク部
58A、58B、58C、58D 胴体部
58a、58b 先端面
58c 面取り面
58d、58e 傾斜面
60A、60B 先端部
60a、60b、60c、60d 先端面
51B、51C、51D61A、61B 凸部
52B、52C、52D、62A、62B 凹部
A、A’、B、B’、C、C’、D、D’ 頂点
S1、S1’、S2、S2’ 凸部形成辺
S3、S3’、S4、S4’ 凹部形成辺
S5、S6、S7、S7’、S8、S8’、S9、S10 辺
Claims (10)
- 空気入りタイヤのトレッド部のスタッドピン取付用孔に装着されるスタッドピンであって、
前記スタッドピンは、
前記スタッドピン取付用孔内に埋設されタイヤ径方向に延在する埋設基部と、
前記埋設基部が前記スタッドピン取付用孔内に埋設されたときに前記トレッド部の踏面から突出する先端部と、
を有し、
前記先端部の端面は、1つの第1凹部および前記第1凹部と反対側に1つの第1凸部を有する凹多角形の輪郭形状を有し、
前記第1凸部がタイヤ周方向の踏み込み側に向き、前記第1凹部が蹴り出し側に向くように前記スタッドピン取付用孔に装着されることを特徴とする、スタッドピン。 - 前記第1凸部の内角は90度よりも大きく180度未満であり、
前記第1凹部の内角は270度よりも大きく360度未満である、
請求項1に記載のスタッドピン。 - 前記第1凹部は隣接する1対の第1凹部形成辺により形成され、
前記第1凸部の頂点と前記第1凹部の頂点との距離をL1とし、
前記1対の第1凹部形成辺の前記第1凹部の頂点とは反対側の端部同士を接続する直線と、前記第1凹部の頂点との距離をL2とするとき、
1.0≦L1/L2≦5.0である、
請求項1又は2に記載のスタッドピン。 - 前記埋設基部の前記先端部が設けられる端面は、1つの第2凹部および前記第2凹部と反対側に1つの第2凸部を有する凹多角形の輪郭形状を有し、
前記第2凸部がタイヤ周方向の踏み込み側に向き、前記第2凹部が蹴り出し側に向くように配置される、請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の空気入りタイヤ。 - 前記第2凹部は隣接する1対の第2凹部形成辺により形成され、
前記第2凸部の頂点と前記第2凹部の頂点との距離をL1’とし、
前記1対の第2凹部形成辺の前記第2凹部の頂点とは反対側の端部同士を接続する直線と、前記第2凹部の頂点との距離をL2’とするとき、
1.0≦L1’/L2’≦5.0である、
請求項4に記載のスタッドピン。 - トレッド部のスタッドピン取付用孔にスタッドピンが装着され、回転方向が指定された空気入りタイヤであって、
前記スタッドピンは、
前記スタッドピン取付用孔内に埋設されタイヤ径方向に延在する埋設基部と、
前記埋設基部が前記スタッドピン取付用孔内に埋設されたときに前記トレッド部の踏面から突出する先端部と、
を有し、
前記先端部の端面は、1つの第1凹部および前記第1凹部と反対側に1つの第1凸部を有する凹多角形の輪郭形状を有し、
前記第1凸部がタイヤ周方向の踏み込み側に向き、前記第1凹部が蹴り出し側に向くように前記スタッドピンが配置される、空気入りタイヤ。 - 前記第1凸部の内角は90度よりも大きく180度未満であり、
前記第1凹部の内角は270度よりも大きく360度未満である、
請求項6に記載の空気入りタイヤ。 - 前記第1凹部は隣接する1対の第1凹部形成辺により形成され、
前記第1凸部の頂点と前記第1凹部の頂点との距離をL1とし、
前記1対の第1凹部形成辺の前記第1凹部の頂点とは反対側の端部同士を接続する直線と、前記第1凹部の頂点との距離をL2とするとき、
1.0≦L1/L2≦5.0である、
請求項6又は7に記載の空気入りタイヤ。 - 前記埋設基部の前記先端部が設けられる端面は、1つの第2凹部および前記第2凹部と反対側に1つの第2凸部を有する凹多角形の輪郭形状を有し、
前記第2凸部がタイヤ周方向の踏み込み側に向き、前記第2凹部が蹴り出し側に向くように前記スタッドピンが配置される、請求項6~8のいずれか一項に記載の空気入りタイヤ。 - 前記第2凹部は隣接する1対の第2凹部形成辺により形成され、
前記第2凸部の頂点と前記第2凹部の頂点との距離をL1’とし、
前記1対の第2凹部形成辺の前記第2凹部の頂点とは反対側の端部同士を接続する直線と、前記第2凹部の頂点との距離をL2’とするとき、
1.0≦L1’/L2’≦5.0である、
請求項9に記載の空気入りタイヤ。
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2016
- 2016-06-07 RU RU2018100683A patent/RU2682689C1/ru active
- 2016-06-07 JP JP2016537030A patent/JP6729375B2/ja active Active
- 2016-06-07 FI FI20185036A patent/FI128255B/en active IP Right Grant
- 2016-06-07 US US15/580,244 patent/US10647163B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2016-06-07 WO PCT/JP2016/066933 patent/WO2016199767A1/ja active Application Filing
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2013023110A (ja) * | 2011-07-22 | 2013-02-04 | Bridgestone Corp | タイヤ用スパイク及びスパイクタイヤ |
JP2014180952A (ja) * | 2013-03-19 | 2014-09-29 | Bridgestone Corp | スタッドピンおよびこれを用いたタイヤ |
WO2015012070A1 (ja) * | 2013-07-24 | 2015-01-29 | 横浜ゴム株式会社 | スタッドピン及び空気入りタイヤ |
JP2015058787A (ja) * | 2013-09-18 | 2015-03-30 | 東洋ゴム工業株式会社 | タイヤ用スタッド及び空気入りスタッドタイヤ |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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JP6729375B2 (ja) | 2020-07-22 |
US20180154704A1 (en) | 2018-06-07 |
RU2682689C1 (ru) | 2019-03-20 |
US10647163B2 (en) | 2020-05-12 |
FI20185036A (fi) | 2018-01-12 |
FI128255B (en) | 2020-01-31 |
JPWO2016199767A1 (ja) | 2018-03-29 |
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