WO2016185963A1 - 熱交換部品 - Google Patents
熱交換部品 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2016185963A1 WO2016185963A1 PCT/JP2016/064000 JP2016064000W WO2016185963A1 WO 2016185963 A1 WO2016185963 A1 WO 2016185963A1 JP 2016064000 W JP2016064000 W JP 2016064000W WO 2016185963 A1 WO2016185963 A1 WO 2016185963A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- heat exchange
- honeycomb structure
- cylinder
- fluid
- flow path
- Prior art date
Links
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Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N5/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting by exhaust energy
- F01N5/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting by exhaust energy the devices using heat
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
- F28D7/10—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged one within the other, e.g. concentrically
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F13/00—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing
- F28F13/06—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by affecting the pattern of flow of the heat-exchange media
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F21/00—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials
- F28F21/04—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials of ceramic; of concrete; of natural stone
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F7/00—Elements not covered by group F28F1/00, F28F3/00 or F28F5/00
- F28F7/02—Blocks traversed by passages for heat-exchange media
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
- F28D7/10—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged one within the other, e.g. concentrically
- F28D7/103—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged one within the other, e.g. concentrically consisting of more than two coaxial conduits or modules of more than two coaxial conduits
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
- F28F1/10—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
- F28F1/12—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element
- F28F1/14—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending longitudinally
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F21/00—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials
- F28F21/08—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials of metal
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F2270/00—Thermal insulation; Thermal decoupling
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a heat exchange part. More specifically, the present invention relates to a heat exchange component that can switch between promotion and suppression of heat exchange between two types of fluids without external control.
- the heat exchanger is an apparatus including a component (heat exchange component) that exchanges heat by circulating a first fluid inside and a second fluid outside.
- heat exchange component heat exchange component
- heat can be effectively used by exchanging heat from a high-temperature fluid (for example, exhaust gas) to a low-temperature fluid (for example, cooling water).
- Patent Document 1 discloses a heat exchange component that can improve the fuel efficiency of an automobile when it is used for recovering exhaust heat from exhaust gas and heating an engine in the automobile field.
- the heat exchange component of Patent Document 1 has a structure in which exhaust heat is always recovered from the first fluid (for example, exhaust gas) to the second fluid (for example, cooling water), the exhaust heat is recovered. Even when there is no need to do so, exhaust heat may be recovered. For this reason, it is necessary to increase the capacity of the radiator for releasing the recovered exhaust heat when it is not necessary to recover the exhaust heat. Further, when the amount of heat exchanged from the first fluid to the second fluid increases, the second fluid (for example, cooling water) may boil.
- the first fluid for example, exhaust gas
- the second fluid for example, cooling water
- a 1st medium Compared with the case where it is directly heat-exchanged not via a 2nd medium by the heat exchange using the convection of a liquid-phase 2nd medium, a 1st medium
- the heat exchange can be promoted gently while suppressing the boiling and vaporization.
- the heat exchanger is configured to fill the second medium passage with gas when suppressing heat exchange between the exhaust gas and the first medium. For this reason, according to the said heat exchanger, the boiling vaporization of a 1st medium can further be suppressed compared with the heat exchange via the 2nd medium of the liquid phase mentioned above.
- the present invention provides the following heat exchange parts.
- the distance between the inner cylinder and the middle cylinder in the radial direction of the honeycomb structure is a length corresponding to 0.1 to 10% of the diameter of the honeycomb structure.
- the heat exchange part according to any one of [4].
- the heat exchange component of the present invention can switch between promotion and suppression of heat exchange between two types of fluids without external control.
- heat exchange component of the present invention when used as part of a heat exchanger that recovers exhaust heat from engine exhaust gas, heat exchange between the first fluid and the second fluid is performed without external control.
- “exhaust gas” as the first fluid and “refrigerant having a boiling point lower than the highest temperature of the inner cylinder (the outer peripheral surface of the inner cylinder) constituting the heat exchange component” as the second fluid pass through the heat exchange component Then, heat exchange is promoted in the following cases.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating an embodiment of a heat exchange component of the present invention, and is a cross-sectional view illustrating a cross section orthogonal to a cell extending direction of a honeycomb structure.
- 1 shows a state in which the outer peripheral flow path of the heat exchange component shown in FIG. 1 is filled with the second fluid in a liquid state, and the first fluid passes through the first fluid flow path (when heat exchange is promoted). It is typical sectional drawing.
- the heat exchange component of the present embodiment can be used as a part of a heat exchanger that recovers exhaust heat from engine exhaust gas, without heat control from the outside (specifically, It is possible to switch between promotion and suppression of heat exchange between the first fluid and the second fluid. That is, the heat exchange component of the present embodiment can be switched between promotion and suppression of heat exchange by changing the state of the second fluid in the inner peripheral flow path. For example, when “exhaust gas” is used as the first fluid and “refrigerant having a boiling point lower than the highest temperature reached of the inner cylinder (the outer peripheral surface of the inner cylinder) constituting the heat exchange component” is used as the second fluid, If this is the case, heat exchange is promoted.
- the refrigerant in the gaseous state generated by In such a case, heat exchange between the first fluid and the second fluid (liquid refrigerant) is suppressed. That is, when the refrigerant in the gas state generated by the vaporization of boiling exists in the inner peripheral flow path, heat exchange between the first fluid and the second fluid (liquid refrigerant) is suppressed.
- the presence of the gaseous refrigerant in the inner peripheral flow path makes it easier for the liquid refrigerant to maintain a state where it is not in contact with at least a part of the surface of the inner cylinder. Heat exchange of the fluid (liquid refrigerant) is suppressed.
- a refrigerant having a boiling point equal to or lower than the temperature at which heat exchange is to be suppressed is selected, and the refrigerant in the gaseous state generated by boiling vaporization is present in the inner peripheral flow path at the temperature at which heat exchange is to be suppressed.
- the outer peripheral flow path heat exchange is suppressed at a temperature at which heat exchange is desired to be suppressed.
- the temperature of the heat exchange component is equal to or lower than the temperature at which heat exchange is desired to be suppressed (the temperature at which heat exchange is desired to be promoted)
- the gas state refrigerant becomes liquid
- the outer peripheral channel is a liquid state refrigerant. Since it is satisfied, heat exchange is promoted.
- the first fluid is not limited to exhaust gas, and may be liquid or gas.
- the outer peripheral flow path, the outer peripheral flow path, or the inner peripheral flow path is filled with a refrigerant in a liquid state or a gas state means “the outer peripheral flow path, the outer peripheral flow path, or "The liquid or gas state refrigerant occupies 80% or more of the total volume of the inner peripheral flow path”.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of the heat exchange component of the present invention, and is a cross-sectional view showing a cross section orthogonal to the cell extending direction of the honeycomb structure.
- FIG. 2A shows a state in which the outer peripheral flow path of the heat exchange component shown in FIG. 1 is filled with the second fluid in the liquid state, and the first fluid passes through the first fluid flow path (heat exchange promotion It is typical sectional drawing which shows time.
- 2B shows that the inner peripheral flow path of the heat exchange component shown in FIG. 1 is filled with a second fluid in a gaseous state, and the outer peripheral flow path is filled with a second fluid in a liquid state. It is typical sectional drawing which shows the state (at the time of heat exchange suppression) which the 1st fluid has passed through the flow path.
- the fluid F ⁇ b> 1 exchanges heat via a part of the inner cylinder 11. Therefore, heat exchange between the first fluid E and the second fluid F1 in the liquid state is suppressed.
- the higher the volume ratio of the second fluid F2 in the gaseous state generated by boiling vaporization to the total volume of the inner peripheral flow path 16a the higher the heat of the first fluid E and the second fluid F1 in the liquid state. Exchange is suppressed.
- symbol F2 shows the 2nd fluid of a gaseous state.
- the first fluid E and the second fluid F1 in a liquid state passing through the outer peripheral flow path 16b are present in the inner cylinder 11 and the inner peripheral flow path 16a.
- the heat exchange is performed via the second fluid F2 in the gas state.
- the second fluid F2 in the gas state in the inner peripheral flow path 16a functions as a heat insulating material during heat exchange, and the heat between the first fluid E and the second fluid F1 in the liquid state. Exchange is suppressed.
- the second fluid F1 in the liquid state may exist in the inner peripheral flow path 16a, and the second fluid F2 in the gas state exists in the outer peripheral flow path 16b. There may be. Further, for example, when the temperature of the first fluid E is lowered, the second fluid F2 in the gas state in the inner peripheral flow path 16a changes in phase to become the second fluid F1 in the liquid state.
- the shape of the communication hole formed in the middle cylinder may be, for example, a circular shape, an elliptical shape, a polygonal shape, a slit shape parallel to the cell extending direction, a spiral slit shape along the surface of the middle cylinder, or the like.
- a plurality of communication holes may be formed in a portion covering the honeycomb structure of the middle cylinder (honeycomb structure covering portion). Further, when a plurality of communication holes are formed in the honeycomb structure covering portion, the sum of the opening areas of the plurality of communication holes formed in the honeycomb structure covering portion with respect to the area of the honeycomb structure covering portion.
- the ratio is preferably 50% or less, more preferably 20% or less, and particularly preferably 10% or less.
- the portion covering the honeycomb structure is sometimes referred to as “honeycomb structure covering portion”.
- the ratio of the sum of the opening areas of the plurality of communication holes formed in the honeycomb structure covering portion to the area of the honeycomb structure covering portion is 50% or less, and the opening area of one communication hole is 0.5 to It is preferably 5000 mm 2 . Further, the ratio of the sum of the opening areas of the plurality of communication holes formed in the honeycomb structure covering portion to the area of the honeycomb structure covering portion is 10% or less, and the opening area of one communication hole is 0.00. More preferably, it is 5 to 1000 mm 2 .
- the number of communication holes is preferably 2 to 1000, and 10 to 1000 More preferably, it is particularly preferably 20 to 1000.
- the plurality of communication holes may be provided only in one of the first region and the second region, or may be provided only in both the first region and the second region. Also good.
- the distance between the inner cylinder and the middle cylinder in the radial direction of the honeycomb structure is preferably a length corresponding to 0.1 to 10% of the diameter of the honeycomb structure, and corresponds to 0.1 to 5%.
- the length is more preferable, and the length corresponding to 0.1 to 2.5% is particularly preferable.
- the distance described above is preferably a length corresponding to 0.5 to 10% of the diameter of the honeycomb structure, and a length corresponding to 0.5 to 5%. More preferred is a length corresponding to 0.5 to 2.5%.
- the second fluid for example, gaseous refrigerant
- the inside outer periphery flow path 16a becomes easy to be filled with gas, and the heat-insulation property by the inner outer periphery flow path 16a can be improved.
- a fixed amount of a second fluid for example, a liquid refrigerant
- the second liquid fluid can be gently introduced through the mesh of the mesh member 18.
- the second fluid in a liquid state may be intermittently introduced into the inner peripheral flow path 16 a in a droplet state.
- vibration may occur in the heat exchange component due to rapid volume expansion, or a large boiling sound may be generated.
- the casing has three or more middle cylinders, and two or more intermediate outer circumference flow paths are defined between the inner outer circumference flow path and the outer outer circumference flow path, Intermediate communication holes are formed in the middle cylinder other than the middle cylinder on the side and the middle cylinder other than the middle cylinder on the outer cylinder side to communicate the intermediate outer peripheral flow paths with each other.
- the inner peripheral channel is easily filled with the second fluid in the gas state. Therefore, by configuring as described above, the liquid-state second fluid in the inner peripheral flow path is less likely to flow into the inner peripheral flow path than in the case where the intermediate outer peripheral flow path is not partitioned. For this reason, the inner peripheral flow path is easily filled with the second fluid in a gaseous state.
- the inner communication hole And the outer communication holes are preferably formed as follows.
- the middle cylinder disposed on the inner side is referred to as an “inner middle cylinder”
- the middle cylinder disposed on the outer side is referred to as an “outer middle cylinder”.
- One inner communication hole formed in the inner middle cylinder is referred to as an “inner communication hole a”
- one outer communication hole formed in the outer middle cylinder is referred to as an “outer communication hole b”.
- the above-mentioned area ratio is more preferably 50% or less, still more preferably 30% or less, and particularly preferably 0% (the mutual openings do not overlap).
- “The positions of the openings in the normal direction of the inner middle cylinder overlap” means the following parts. First, the "inner middle cylinder normal" passing through the periphery of the inner communication hole a is extended to the inner surface of the outer middle cylinder, and the portion surrounded by the extended normal on the inner surface of the outer middle cylinder is Overlapping range. A case where at least a part of the outer communication hole b is formed in the “overlap overlapping range” is defined as “the positions of the mutual openings overlap”.
- the “inner communication hole a1” and the “intermediate communication hole c1” are preferably formed in the same positional relationship as the “inner communication hole a” and the “outer communication hole b” described above.
- the heat exchange component of the present embodiment includes two or more heat exchange components described so far, and the two or more heat exchange components are arranged in series in the flow direction of the first fluid. It may be connected.
- two heat exchange parts having a honeycomb structure having a half length may be provided, and the two heat exchange parts may be directly connected.
- Two or more heat exchange parts may be provided with a pipe or the like between them and connected in series with a space between each other, or adjacent heat exchange parts may be provided without providing the above-described pipe or the like. May be connected in a state of being close to each other.
- the cell shape in the cross section perpendicular to the cell extending direction of the honeycomb structure is not particularly limited.
- a desired shape may be appropriately selected from a circle, an ellipse, a triangle, a quadrangle, a hexagon, and other polygons.
- the cell density of the honeycomb structure that is, the number of cells per unit area.
- the cell density may be designed as appropriate, but is preferably in the range of 4 to 320 cells / cm 2 .
- the strength of the partition walls, and consequently the strength of the honeycomb structure itself and the effective GSA (geometric surface area) can be made sufficient.
- GSA geometric surface area
- the density of the partition walls is preferably 0.5 to 5 g / cm 3 .
- the partition walls have sufficient strength, and the partition wall is prevented from being damaged by resistance when the first fluid passes through the flow path (in the cell). Can do.
- the honeycomb structure can be reduced in weight by setting the density of the partition walls to 5 g / cm 3 or less. By setting the density within the above range, the honeycomb structure can be strengthened, and the effect of improving the thermal conductivity can be obtained.
- the density of a partition is the value measured by the Archimedes method.
- the thermal conductivity of the honeycomb structure is preferably 50 W / (m ⁇ K) or more, more preferably 100 to 300 W / (m ⁇ K), and 120 to 300 W / (m ⁇ K). It is particularly preferred. By setting the thermal conductivity of the honeycomb structure in such a range, the thermal conductivity is improved, and the heat in the honeycomb structure can be efficiently transmitted to the inner cylinder of the casing.
- the value of thermal conductivity is a value measured by a laser flash method.
- the second fluid is preferably water or antifreeze (LLC defined by JIS K 2234).
- FIG. 3A is a schematic cross-sectional view showing another embodiment of the heat exchange component of the present invention, and is a cross-sectional view showing a cross section orthogonal to the cell extending direction of the honeycomb structure.
- FIG. 3B is a schematic perspective view showing an inner cylinder in another embodiment of the heat exchange component of the present invention.
- configurations other than the inner cylinder are omitted. That is, FIG. 3B shows only the inner cylinder and fins formed on the inner cylinder.
- 3A and 3B the same components as those of the heat exchange component 100 shown in FIGS. 1 to 2B are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof may be omitted.
- the fin is formed on the surface of the inner cylinder that does not contact the honeycomb structure, so that the surface area of the portion that fits the honeycomb structure of the inner cylinder increases, and so that it does not contact the inner cylinder.
- the shape of the fin is not particularly limited. Examples of the shape of the fin include a shape in which a protrusion is formed on the inner cylinder, the protrusion extends in a straight line, a curved line, a spiral, and the like, and a shape in which the protrusion is formed on the inner cylinder and the protrusion extends in a dotted line shape. Can do.
- the portion of the inner cylinder where the honeycomb structure is fitted is drawn with a first straight line passing through the first end surface of the honeycomb structure and a second straight line passing through the second end surface. It is an inner cylinder existing between a straight line and the second straight line.
- the fins may be formed integrally with the inner cylinder or may be attached to the inner cylinder. From the viewpoint of easy manufacturing, the fin is preferably formed integrally with the inner cylinder.
- the fin may be formed on the inner cylinder by embossing the inner cylinder.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view showing an inner cylinder in still another embodiment of the heat exchange component of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 shows only the inner cylinder and the fins formed on the inner cylinder.
- the heat exchange component of the present invention can be manufactured, for example, as follows. First, a clay containing ceramic powder is extruded into a desired shape to produce a honeycomb formed body. As the material of the honeycomb structure, the above-described ceramic can be used. For example, when manufacturing a honeycomb structure mainly composed of a Si-impregnated SiC composite material, a binder and water or an organic solvent are added to a predetermined amount of SiC powder, and the resulting mixture is kneaded to form a clay and molded. Thus, a honeycomb formed body having a desired shape can be obtained. Then, the obtained honeycomb formed body is dried and impregnated and fired with metal Si in the honeycomb formed body in a reduced pressure inert gas or vacuum, whereby a plurality of cells serving as the first fluid flow path by the partition walls Can be obtained.
- the honeycomb structure is inserted into an inner cylinder made of stainless steel, and the inner cylinder is arranged so as to fit into the honeycomb structure by shrink fitting.
- the fitting between the honeycomb structure and the inner cylinder may be performed by press fitting, brazing, diffusion bonding, or the like in addition to shrink fitting.
- a casing member made of stainless steel, having an intermediate cylinder and an outer cylinder, and forming a part of the casing is manufactured.
- the casing member has a double tube structure in which a part of the outer peripheral flow path (outer outer peripheral flow path) serving as the second fluid flow path is formed between the middle cylinder and the outer cylinder. At least one opening that penetrates the front and rear surfaces of the casing member is formed. This opening serves as a communication hole that communicates the inner and outer peripheral flow paths in the heat exchange component.
- a honeycomb structure and an inner cylinder arranged so as to be fitted to the honeycomb structure are arranged inside the produced casing member.
- the clearance gap for forming an inner peripheral flow path is provided between the inner cylinder of a casing member, and an inner cylinder.
- the casing member and the inner cylinder are joined, the inner cylinder arranged to fit the outer peripheral surface of the honeycomb structure, the middle cylinder arranged to cover the inner cylinder, and the middle cylinder
- a casing having an outer cylinder arranged to cover is produced.
- the heat exchange component of the present invention can be manufactured.
- the method for producing the heat exchange component of the present invention is not limited to the production methods described so far.
- a casing having an inner cylinder, a middle cylinder, and an outer cylinder is manufactured, and the honeycomb structure is disposed in the inner cylinder of the manufactured casing.
- a heat exchange part may be manufactured.
- Example 1 The heat exchange parts of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 were manufactured as follows.
- the inner cylinder made of stainless steel was produced.
- the inner cylinder had a cylindrical shape with an inner diameter of 55.2 mm, an axial length of 44 mm, and a wall thickness of 1.0 mm.
- the honeycomb structure was inserted into the produced inner cylinder, and the inner cylinder was arranged so as to be fitted to the outer peripheral surface of the honeycomb structure by shrink fitting.
- the inner cylinder had a cylindrical shape with an inner diameter of 59.2 mm, an axial length of 42.5 mm, and a wall thickness of 1.5 mm.
- the outer cylinder had a cylindrical shape with an inner diameter of 66.2 mm, an axial length of 47 mm, and a wall thickness of 1.5 mm.
- four communicating holes having an opening area of 3.14 mm 2 were formed so as to communicate with the inside and outside of the middle cylinder. Two communication holes were formed in each of the first region and the second region in the cross section of the heat exchange component perpendicular to the cell extending direction of the honeycomb structure.
- the outer cylinder was formed with an inlet for introducing a second fluid serving as a heat medium and an outlet for discharging the second fluid.
- Heat exchange test About the produced heat exchange component, the heat exchange test was done with the following method. That is, while passing the first fluid serving as one heat medium through the cells formed in the honeycomb structure and passing the second fluid serving as another heat medium through the outer peripheral flow path of the casing, The amount of heat input flowing into the heat exchange component, the amount of heat recovered by the heat exchange component, and the middle cylinder temperature were measured. Specifically, first, a first fluid at 400 ° C. and a second fluid at 80 ° C. were passed through the heat exchange component for 5 minutes. Next, the first fluid and the second fluid were passed through the heat exchange component while the temperature of the first fluid and the second fluid was raised to 800 ° C. and 100 ° C., respectively. Next, the first fluid at 800 ° C.
- the first fluid and the second fluid were passed through the heat exchange component for 5 minutes.
- the first fluid and the second fluid were passed through the heat exchange component while the temperature of the first fluid and the second fluid was lowered to 400 ° C. and 80 ° C., respectively.
- the first fluid at 400 ° C. and the second fluid at 80 ° C. were passed through the heat exchange component for 5 minutes.
- Air was used as the first fluid
- water was used as the second fluid.
- heated air was passed through the cell at a flow rate of 10 g / sec, and water was passed through the outer peripheral flow path at a flow rate of 10 L / min.
- Tables 1 and 2 show the results of the heat exchange test measurement under the first low temperature condition (second low temperature condition) and the first high temperature condition, respectively.
- Table 1 shows the result of the heat exchange test measurement under the first low temperature condition (second low temperature condition)
- Table 2 shows the result of the heat exchange test measurement under the first high temperature condition.
- the amount of heat input and the amount of recovered heat were measured using a heat exchange member evaluation apparatus manufactured by ONEN ELECTRIC CO., LTD.
- the amount of heat input is obtained as the product of “temperature difference between first fluid and second fluid before passing through heat exchange component”, “specific heat capacity of first fluid”, and “mass flow rate of first fluid”. be able to.
- the “temperature difference between the first fluid and the second fluid before passing through the heat exchange component” refers to the temperature immediately before flowing into the heat exchange component from the temperature of the first fluid just before flowing into the heat exchange component.
- the recovered heat quantity can be obtained as a product of “temperature difference of the second fluid before and after passing through the heat exchange component”, “specific heat capacity of the second fluid”, and “mass flow rate of the second fluid”.
- the “temperature of the second fluid before and after passing through the heat exchange component” refers to the temperature of the second fluid immediately before flowing into the heat exchange component from the temperature of the second fluid immediately after flowing out of the heat exchange component. It is the subtracted value.
- Example 1 In the first low temperature condition and the second low temperature condition, the heat exchange part of Example 1 had almost the same amount of recovered heat as the heat exchange part of Comparative Example 1, and the middle cylinder temperature was also substantially the same. On the other hand, in the first high temperature condition, the middle cylinder temperature of the heat exchange component of Example 1 was 380 ° C., and the middle cylinder temperature of the heat exchange component of Comparative Example 1 was 106 ° C. In addition, the amount of heat recovered by the heat exchange part of Example 1 under the first high temperature condition was less than the amount of heat recovered by the heat exchange part of Example 1 under the first low temperature condition and the second low temperature condition.
- the inner peripheral flow path of the heat exchange component of Example 1 is filled with water vapor, and the water vapor in the inner peripheral flow path becomes a heat insulating material, and heat exchange is suppressed. It is thought that there is. Moreover, the same result as the first low temperature condition was obtained in the second low temperature condition of Example 1. For this reason, it is considered that suppression of heat exchange and promotion of heat exchange are switched without external control.
- the heat exchange test was performed on the heat exchange parts of Example 1 and the heat exchange parts of Example 2 under the same conditions.
- the test was conducted at three points where the water temperature was 40 ° C, 60 ° C, and 80 ° C.
- the water temperature was 40 ° C. or 60 ° C.
- no significant change was observed in the respective temperature efficiencies.
- the temperature efficiency of the heat exchange part of Example 2 was decreased as compared with the heat exchange part of Example 1. Therefore, it was found that the heat exchange part of Example 2 in which the mesh member was disposed was excellent in heat shielding properties.
- Example 1 the heat exchanging part of Example 1 and the heat exchanging part of Example 2 were verified under the following conditions for the boiling sound of the second fluid when the heat was shut off. Air was used as the first fluid, and water was used as the second fluid. Air heated at 700 ° C. was passed through the cells of the honeycomb structure at a flow rate of 20 g / sec, and water was passed through the outer peripheral flow path at a flow rate of 10 L / min. The boiling sound was verified at four points with water temperatures of 40 ° C., 60 ° C., 80 ° C., and 90 ° C. In the heat exchange part of Example 1, when the water temperature was 40 ° C., there was almost no boiling sound, and the boiling sound increased as the water temperature increased to 60 ° C.
- Example 3 As the heat exchange part of Example 3, a heat exchange part having the same configuration as that of Example 1 was produced except that the distance between the inner cylinder and the middle cylinder was 0.5 mm. As the heat exchange part of Example 4, a heat exchange part having the same configuration as that of Example 1 was produced except that the distance between the inner cylinder and the middle cylinder was set to 0.3 mm.
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Abstract
Description
本発明の熱交換部品の一の実施形態は、図1~図2Bに示すような、セラミックを主成分とする隔壁を有する柱状のハニカム構造体1と、ハニカム構造体1の外周面4を覆うように配置されたケーシング(Casing)10とを備える熱交換部品100である。ハニカム構造体1には、隔壁3によって、第一の端面から第二の端面まで延び、第一の流体の流路となる複数のセル2が区画形成されている。ケーシング10は、ハニカム構造体1の外周面4に嵌合するように配置された内筒11と、内筒11を覆うように配置された中筒12と、中筒12を覆うように配置された外筒13とを有している。また、内筒11と外筒13との間に、第二の流体の流路となる外周流路16が形成されている。また、外周流路16は、内筒11の少なくとも一部と中筒12の少なくとも一部との間に形成された内側外周流路16a、及び、中筒12の少なくとも一部と外筒13の少なくとも一部との間に形成された外側外周流路16bを含む。そして、中筒12のハニカム構造体1を覆う部分に、内側外周流路16aと外側外周流路16bとを連通する少なくとも一つの連通孔17が形成されている。図1~図2Bに示す熱交換部品100においては、ケーシング10の外筒13に、第二の流体F1を外周流路16に導入するための導入口14、及び第二の流体F1を外周流路16から排出するための排出口15が形成されている。導入口14、及び排出口15は、外筒13に少なくとも一対形成されていることが好ましい。また、本明細書において、「嵌合する」とは、ハニカム構造体1と、内筒11とが、相互にはまり合った状態で固定されていることをいう。このため、ハニカム構造体1と内筒11との嵌合においては、すきま嵌め、締まり嵌め、焼き嵌め等の嵌め合いによる固定方法に限定されることはなく、例えば、ろう付けや拡散接合等により、ハニカム構造体1と内筒11とが相互に固定されていてもよい。
次に、熱交換部品の製造方法を説明する。本発明の熱交換部品は、例えば、以下のようにして製造することができる。まず、セラミック粉末を含む坏土を所望の形状に押し出し、ハニカム成形体を作製する。ハニカム構造体の材料としては、前述のセラミックを用いることができる。例えば、Si含浸SiC複合材料を主成分とするハニカム構造体を製造する場合、所定量のSiC粉末に、バインダーと、水又は有機溶媒とを加え、得られた混合物を混練し坏土とし、成形して所望形状のハニカム成形体を得ることができる。そして、得られたハニカム成形体を乾燥し、減圧の不活性ガス又は真空中で、ハニカム成形体中に金属Siを含浸焼成することによって、隔壁によって第一の流体の流路となる複数のセルが区画形成されたハニカム構造体を得ることができる。
(ハニカム構造体の製造)
SiC粉末を含む坏土を所望の形状に押し出した後、乾燥させ、所定の外形寸法に加工後、Si含浸焼成することによって、円柱状のハニカム構造体を製造した。ハニカム構造体は、端面の直径(外形)が55.4mm、セルの延びる方向の長さが40mmのものであった。ハニカム構造体のセル密度は、23セル/cm2、隔壁の厚さ(壁厚)は0.3mmであった。ハニカム構造体の熱伝導率は150W/(m・K)であった。
次に、ステンレスからなる内筒を作製した。内筒は、内径が55.2mmで、軸方向の長さが44mmの円筒状であり、肉厚が1.0mmであった。次に、作製した内筒の内部にハニカム構造体を挿入し、焼き嵌めにより、ハニカム構造体の外周面に嵌合するように内筒を配置した。
作製した熱交換部品について、以下の方法で、熱交換試験を行った。即ち、ハニカム構造体に形成されたセルに、一の熱媒体となる第一の流体を通過させ、且つ、ケーシングの外周流路に、他の熱媒体となる第二の流体を通過させながら、熱交換部品に流入した入熱量、熱交換部品が回収した回収熱量、及び中筒温度を測定した。具体的には、まず、400℃の第一の流体と80℃の第二の流体とを、熱交換部品に5分間通過させた。次に、第一の流体及び第二の流体の温度を、それぞれ順に800℃及び100℃まで昇温させながら、第一の流体と第二の流体とを、熱交換部品に通過させた。次に、800℃の第一の流体と100℃の第二の流体とを、熱交換部品に5分間通過させた。次に、第一の流体及び第二の流体の温度を、それぞれ順に400℃及び80℃まで降温させながら、第一の流体と第二の流体とを、熱交換部品に通過させた。そして、400℃の第一の流体と80℃の第二の流体とを熱交換部品に5分間通過させた。第一の流体としては、空気を用い、第二の流体としては、水を用いた。そして、セルには、加熱した空気を、流量10g/secにて通過させ、外周流路には、水を流量10L/minにて通過させた。また、「熱交換部品に流入した入熱量と、熱交換部品から回収された回収熱量、及び中筒温度の測定」である、熱交換試験測定は、以下に示す第一低温条件、第一高温条件、及び第二低温条件の3つの状態の時に行った。第一低温条件は、400℃の第一の流体と80℃の第二の流体とを、熱交換部品に5分間通過させた直後とした。第一高温条件は、800℃の第一の流体と100℃の第二の流体とを、熱交換部品に5分間通過させた直後とした。第二低温条件は、第一高温条件の後であり、且つ、400℃の第一の流体と80℃の第二の流体とを、熱交換部品に5分間通過させた直後とした。第一低温条件、及び第二低温条件における、熱交換試験測定の結果は同一であった。第一低温条件(第二低温条件)、及び第一高温条件における熱交換試験測定の結果を、それぞれ表1及び表2に示す。表1が、第一低温条件(第二低温条件)における熱交換試験測定の結果を示し、表2が、第一高温条件における熱交換試験測定の結果を示す。なお、入熱量と回収熱量とは、オーエヌ総合電機社製の熱交換部材評価装置を用いて測定した。
実施例1と同様のハニカム構造体を製造し、ステンレスからなる内筒をハニカム構造体に嵌合するように配置した。そして、ステンレスからなり、外筒を有するケーシング部材に、ハニカム構造体と、ハニカム構造体に嵌合するように配置された内筒とを配置し、ハニカム構造体とケーシングとを備える熱交換部品を製造した。比較例1におけるケーシング部材は、中筒を有していないため、外周流路が、内側外周流路と外側外周流路とを含むものではなかった。比較例1の熱交換部品においても、実施例1と同様に、上記熱交換試験を行った。結果を表1及び表2に示す。なお、比較例1の熱交換部品は、中筒を有していないため、中筒温度ではなく外筒温度を測定した。
(実施例1)
実施例1の熱交換部品は、第一低温条件及び第二低温条件においては、比較例1の熱交換部品とほぼ同程度の回収熱量であり、中筒温度もほぼ同じであった。一方、第一高温条件においては、実施例1の熱交換部品の中筒温度は380℃であり、比較例1の熱交換部品の中筒温度は106℃であった。また、第一高温条件の実施例1の熱交換部品による回収熱量は、第一低温条件及び第二低温条件の実施例1の熱交換部品による回収熱量よりも少なかった。
比較例1の熱交換部品の第一高温条件における回収熱量は、第一低温条件及び第二低温条件における回収熱量よりも多かった。また、第一高温条件における熱交換部品の中筒の比較例1の熱交換部品の回収熱量は、第一低温条件及び第二低温条件における比較例1の熱交換部品の回収熱量の3倍以上であった。
実施例1の熱交換部品の内筒と中筒との間であって、中筒に連通孔が形成されている箇所に、メッシュ部材を配設して、実施例2の熱交換部品を作製した。メッシュ部材は、目開きが0.13mmのものを用いた。
実施例3の熱交換部品として、内筒と中筒との距離を0.5mmとしたこと以外は、実施例1と同様の構成された熱交換部品を作製した。実施例4の熱交換部品として、内筒と中筒との距離を0.3mmとしたこと以外は、実施例1と同様の構成された熱交換部品を作製した。
Claims (9)
- セラミックを主成分とする隔壁を有する柱状のハニカム構造体と、
前記ハニカム構造体の外周面を覆うように配置されたケーシングと、を備え、
前記ハニカム構造体には、前記隔壁によって、第一の端面から第二の端面まで延び、第一の流体の流路となる複数のセルが区画形成されており、
前記ケーシングは、前記ハニカム構造体の前記外周面に嵌合するように配置された内筒と、前記内筒を覆うように配置された中筒と、前記中筒を覆うように配置された外筒と、を有し、前記内筒と前記外筒との間に、第二の流体の流路となる外周流路が形成されており、
前記外周流路は、前記内筒の少なくとも一部と前記中筒の少なくとも一部との間に形成された内側外周流路、及び、前記中筒の少なくとも一部と前記外筒の少なくとも一部との間に形成された外側外周流路を含み、
前記中筒の前記ハニカム構造体を覆う部分に、前記内側外周流路と前記外側外周流路とを連通する少なくとも1つの連通孔が形成されている、熱交換部品。 - 前記中筒の前記ハニカム構造体を覆う部分の面積に対する、前記中筒の前記ハニカム構造体を覆う部分に形成された前記連通孔の開口面積の割合が、50%以下である、請求項1に記載の熱交換部品。
- 前記中筒の前記ハニカム構造体を覆う部分に、複数の前記連通孔が形成されている、請求項1又は2に記載の熱交換部品。
- 1つの前記連通孔の開口面積が、0.5~5000mm2である、請求項3に記載の熱交換部品。
- 前記ハニカム構造体の径方向における、前記内筒と前記中筒との距離が、前記ハニカム構造体の径の0.1~10%に相当する長さである、請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載の熱交換部品。
- 前記内筒と前記中筒との間であって、前記中筒に前記連通孔が形成されている箇所に、メッシュ部材が配設されている、請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載の熱交換部品。
- 前記連通孔が、前記ハニカム構造体の端部に相当する位置に形成されている、請求項1~6のいずれか一項に記載の熱交換部品。
- 前記連通孔が、前記ハニカム構造体の外周を囲うような環状に形成されている、請求項7に記載の熱交換部品。
- 前記ケーシングが、2つ以上の前記中筒を有し、前記2つ以上の中筒は、前記内側外周流路と前記外側外周流路との間に形成される、1つ以上の中間外周流路を区画形成し、
前記2つ以上の中筒のうち、前記内筒側の中筒に、前記連通孔として、前記内側外周流路と前記中間外周流路とを連通する内側連通孔が形成され、前記外筒側の中筒に、前記連通孔として、前記中間外周流路と前記外側外周流路とを連通する外側連通孔が形成されている、請求項1~8のいずれか一項に記載の熱交換部品。
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DE112016002290.5T DE112016002290T5 (de) | 2015-05-21 | 2016-05-11 | Wärmeaustauschkomponente |
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