WO2016184237A1 - 一种汽车控制臂用6x82基复合材料的制备方法 - Google Patents

一种汽车控制臂用6x82基复合材料的制备方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016184237A1
WO2016184237A1 PCT/CN2016/076435 CN2016076435W WO2016184237A1 WO 2016184237 A1 WO2016184237 A1 WO 2016184237A1 CN 2016076435 W CN2016076435 W CN 2016076435W WO 2016184237 A1 WO2016184237 A1 WO 2016184237A1
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magnetic field
nano
composite material
control arm
alloy
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PCT/CN2016/076435
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English (en)
French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
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赵玉涛
怯喜周
陈刚
李其荣
浦俭英
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江苏大学
亚太轻合金(南通)科技有限公司
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Priority to DE112016000649.7T priority Critical patent/DE112016000649B8/de
Publication of WO2016184237A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016184237A1/zh

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
    • C22C21/02—Alloys based on aluminium with silicon as the next major constituent
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
    • C22C21/06—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent
    • C22C21/08—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent with silicon

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an aluminum-based composite material, in particular to a preparation method of a high-performance aluminum-based composite material for an automobile control arm.
  • the object of the present invention is to add nano-Aln whiskers, nano-ZrB 2 particles and sub-micron TiB 2 particles to the purified alloy melt based on the optimization of the alloy composition and the heat treatment process.
  • Multi-scale multi-scale nano-compositing fortifiers of nano-Al 2 O 3 particles and micro-Al 3 Ti particles through the mechanism of nanofiber bearing strengthening, nano-particle Orowan strengthening, nano-reinforcing toughening and fine grain strengthening and toughening, the largest Limiting the plastic toughness of the alloy matrix while increasing its strength and modulus.
  • the invention firstly combines "spiral magnetic field restraint control technology” and "high energy ultrasonic dispersion technology” to efficiently prepare multi-component multi-scale nano-compositing fortifier in situ; and then adds the composite strengthening agent to the 6X82 alloy melt which has been optimized and purified by composition. In the middle, low-frequency magnetic field stirring is used to promote the fusion and dispersion of the composite strengthening agent. Finally, the composite casting rod is obtained by optimizing the improved air-molding system for subsequent heat treatment, deformation and control arm member forming.
  • the nano composite reinforcing agent of the invention and the nano composite strengthening and toughening technology thereof can effectively solve the current alloy composition optimization
  • the method does not significantly improve the strength of the material, and can not improve the modulus of the alloy and the disadvantage of sacrificing plastic toughness; and effectively avoids the in-situ synthesis of the reinforcement directly in the alloy bath, the infiltration of the reactants is difficult, the by-product contamination of the alloy, and the equipment transformation cost is high.
  • 6X82-based composite materials for automotive control arms can be produced on a small-scale, low-cost, non-polluting, high-efficiency scale.
  • the preparation method of the invention comprises the following steps:
  • step 2 Preparation of 6X82-based composite material for automobile control arm: the composite strengthening agent prepared in step 1 is added to the alloy molten pool after degassing and slag removal in the 6X82 alloy semi-continuous casting production line for automobile control arm, and The mixture is uniformly mixed and then the composite bar is produced by optimizing the improved die casting system.
  • the 6X82 alloy is a special alloy optimized by our company according to the performance requirements of the automotive control arm supplier customers.
  • the Si content and the Mg content were adjusted from 1.05 to 1.12% and 0.82 to 0.95% of 6082 to 0.9 to 1.05% and 0.9 to 1.05%, respectively, and the Mg content was decreased while reducing the free silicon content (from 0.58% to 0.4%).
  • 2 Si content (from 1.4% to 1.5%), to improve the ductility and forgeability of the alloy on the basis of ensuring the strength; while controlling the composition of Cu between 0.5 and 0.6, improve the alloy Strength;
  • Zr is controlled as 0.03% in the additive element
  • Cr is controlled as an additive element in the range of 0.1 to 0.15%.
  • the 6082 alloy is further improved in terms of strong plasticity and malleability; the specific composition of the 6X82 alloy is calculated by weight percentage: Si: 0.9 to 1.05, Mg: 0.9 to 1.05, Cu: 0.5 to 0.6, Fe : 0.2, Cr: 0.1 to 0.15, Zr: 0.03, and other impurity elements including Pb, Sn, and Na are individually less than 0.05, total not more than 0.15, and the balance is Al.
  • the "spiral magnetic field-ultrasonic field combined composite device” comprises a crucible located in the thermal insulation layer, and a furnace cover is arranged on the crucible, characterized in that: an ultrasonic system composed of a double ultrasonic horn and a spiral stirring magnet The double ultrasonic horn extends into the crucible through the furnace cover and is symmetrically arranged along the central axis of the crucible; the spiral stirring magnet is installed on the surface of the thermal insulation layer, and the specific structure is shown in Fig.
  • the process parameters are: spiral stirring
  • the rotating magnetic field (circumferential) of the magnet and the traveling magnetic field (radial) can be adjusted separately, wherein the voltage is 380V, the current is 50-190A adjustable, the frequency is adjustable from 2 to 20Hz, the ultrasonic power is 500-2000W, and the wave speed is 1500m/ s, the ultrasonic frequency is 10 ⁇ 30kHz; through the adjustment of the magnetic field strength and frequency in two directions, the reactant and the aluminum melt can be effectively mixed uniformly, and the fine bubbles, molten salt droplets or powder generated by the high-energy ultrasonic crushing reactant are restrained. The floating and sinking of the body allows the aluminum melt to fully contact the reactants.
  • the rotating magnetic field current 50A, frequency 10Hz
  • traveling wave magnetic field current 90A, frequency 15Hz
  • ultrasound power 1500W, frequency 20kHz, 30min
  • composition of the reinforcement in the multi-component multi-scale nano-compositing enhancer is calculated as percentage by weight: nano AlN whiskers (1 to 2 wt.%), nano ZrB 2 particles (1 to 5 wt.%), nano Al 2 O 3 particles (0 to 10 wt.%) and submicron TiB 2 particles (1 to 5 wt.%), the balance being 6X82 alloy.
  • the amount of the composite strengthening agent added in the step (2) is 0.5 to 5 wt.% of the 6X82 alloy.
  • the gas reactant prepared by the preparation is N 2 or NH 3 , the purity is not less than 99.8 vol.%, and the flow rate is 1.5-3.5 L/min; the solid reactant is composed of K 2 ZrF 6 and ZrO 2 One of K 2 TiF 6 and TiO 2 is one of KBF 4 and B 2 O 3 , wherein the ratio of the solid reactants is based on the stoichiometric ratio of the reinforcement.
  • the optimized and improved gas mold casting system is as shown in Fig. 2, because after the composite strengthening agent is melted in the 6X82 alloy melt, the nano-reinforced body tends to agglomerate under the driving force of reduced free energy, which will eventually The agglomeration of the nano-reinforcing body in the composite material is not conducive to the strengthening effect; the present invention employs a rectangular diversion sleeve provided with an electromagnetic stirring magnet around the melt inflow end of the air-mold casting system, and is added in the center of the diversion sleeve.
  • High-energy ultrasonic device with power of 500W and frequency of 20kHz; high-energy ultrasonic can redistribute the agglomerated nano-reinforcement in the melt, and the high-intensity rotating magnetic field around the diversion sleeve, voltage 380V, current 25A, frequency 20Hz;
  • the melt in the sleeve rotates at a high speed and collides with the rectangular inner wall of the flow guiding sleeve to promote the dispersion and transmission of the nanoparticles.
  • the melt uniformly distributed in the nano-reinforced body of the flow guiding sleeve enters the crystallizer, it rapidly solidifies; thereby ensuring not only the composite material It has fine crystal grains, uniform distribution of nano-reinforcing bodies, and the composite melt solidifies in the process of spiral reduction under the action of magnetic field and gravity field, and can effectively reduce the cast rod Surface segregation.
  • the multi-scale multi-scale nano-composite strengthening technology and the preparation method thereof for the composite material proposed by the invention utilize nanometer increase
  • the nanoscale effect of the strong body significantly increases the strength and modulus of the material while maintaining the plastic toughness of the material.
  • the invention separates the preparation of the composite strengthening agent from the production of the composite material, and can effectively exert the convenience of the composite strengthening agent production device on the basis of minimally modifying the original production line.
  • Controllable and continuous continuous high-efficiency advantages of alloy continuous casting production line solve the problem of difficulty in infiltration of reinforcement reactant and aluminum melt in the direct reaction process, and low reaction efficiency, and avoid directly adding the reinforcement reactant directly to the alloy continuous casting production line.
  • the reaction by-products produced by the pool contaminate the melt and reduce the efficiency of the continuous casting line; thus, the invention can produce 6X82-based nano composite materials for automobile control arms in green, high efficiency, low cost and macro-quantity, and is energy-saving, environmentally friendly and lightweight for automobiles. And the improvement of mobility provides technical support.
  • 1 is a schematic structural view of a spiral magnetic field-ultrasound field combined composite device according to the present invention; 1. a furnace cover lifting device, 2. an ultrasonic device, 3. a vent pipe, 4. a feed port, 5, a furnace cover, 6, a crucible, 7 Ultrasonic horn, 8 induction heating coil, 9, spiral stirring magnet, 10, thermal insulation layer, 11, support frame, 12, discharge port.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of an optimized and improved gas mold pouring system according to the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a front elevational view showing the structure of the optimized and improved gas mold pouring system of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a structural diagram of a (ZrB 2 +AlN+TiB 2 )/6X82Al composite prepared according to the present invention.
  • Embodiments, as shown in FIG. 1 are schematic diagrams of a working place of a composite material preparation process.
  • the 500kg 6X82 alloy melt which has been filtered, slag-depleted and degassed by impurities is introduced into the spiral magnetic field-ultrasonic field combined composite device and the spiral magnetic field is started (rotating magnetic field: current 50A, frequency 10Hz; traveling magnetic field: current 90A, frequency 15Hz)
  • the powders K 2 ZrF 6 , K 2 TiF 6 and KBF 4 were added to the 6 ⁇ 82 through the inlet port according to the amount of 3wt.% nano ZrB 2 particles, 2wt.% submicron TiB 2 particles, 3wt.% micron Al 3 Ti particles.
  • TiB 2 )/6X82Al composite bar the Al 3 Ti mesophase particles dissolve in the alloy during the solidification process of the alloy, and generate a large amount of crystal nuclei and fine crystals. It disappears for subsequent homogenization heat treatment, extrusion, control arm forging and other processes; as shown in Figure 5, the (ZrB 2 + AlN + TiB 2 ) / 6X82Al composite material structure prepared by the present invention, from the figure See the prepared composite Fine grain size organizations, to enhance the uniformity distribution of body.
  • the mechanical properties sampling test shows that the composite control arm after forging has a tensile strength of 440 MPa, a yield strength of 380 MPa, an elongation of 14.3%, a modulus of 75 GPa, and an increase of 29.4%, 22.5%, and 19.1, respectively, relative to the 6X82 alloy matrix. % and 11.4%.
  • the (ZrB 2 +AlN+Al 2 O 3 +TiB 2 )/6X82Al composite was produced with NH 3 gas, ZrO 2 , TiO 2 and B 2 O 3 as the reactants, and the nano ZrB 2 particles in the final composite were 0.08wt. %, nano-Al 2 O 3 particles 0.248 wt.%, nano-AlN whiskers 0.05-0.1 wt.% and sub-micron TiB 2 particles 0.04 wt.%, and the balance is 6X82 alloy.
  • the mechanical property sampling test showed that the tensile strength of the composite control arm after forging was 442 MPa, the yield strength was 390 MPa, the elongation was 13.5%, and the modulus was 78 GPa.
  • the gas reactants for preparing the reinforcement are N 2 , K 2 ZrF 6 , K 2 TiF 6 and B 2 O 3 , rotating magnetic field: current 50 A, frequency 10 Hz; traveling wave magnetic field: current 90 A, frequency 15 Hz; ultrasound: power 1500W, frequency 20kHz, industrial N 2 gas purity is not less than 99.8vol.%, flow rate is 1.5-3.5L/min;
  • the solid reactant is composed of K 2 ZrF 6 , K 2 TiF 6 and B 2 O 3 , According to the amount of 4wt.% nano ZrB 2 particles, 4wt.% submicron TiB 2 particles, 5wt.% micron Al 3 Ti particles, the theoretical amount of nano-Al 2 O 3 in the composite strengthening agent melt is 6.3wt.
  • the fortifier melt is introduced into the molten alloy bath to be cast into the air mold, the specific steps are the same as in the first embodiment, and the final production is obtained (ZrB 2 + AlN + Al 2 O 3 +TiB 2 )/6X82Al composite.
  • the mechanical properties sampling test showed that the tensile strength of the composite control arm after forging was 455 MPa, the yield strength was 394 MPa, the elongation was 12.8%, and the modulus was 79 GPa.
PCT/CN2016/076435 2015-05-19 2016-03-16 一种汽车控制臂用6x82基复合材料的制备方法 WO2016184237A1 (zh)

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CN112626366A (zh) * 2020-12-04 2021-04-09 南昌航空大学 一种降低搅拌制备颗粒增强铝基复合材料孔隙率的方法
CN114289693A (zh) * 2022-01-06 2022-04-08 北京科技大学 一种用于生产gh4169镍基高温合金的装置
CN114642992A (zh) * 2022-02-28 2022-06-21 江苏大学 一种高体积分数颗粒增强铝基复合材料的制备装置和方法
CN114990369A (zh) * 2022-07-28 2022-09-02 鼎镁新材料科技股份有限公司 一种再生铝制备铝合金自行车轮圈的方法
CN115449657A (zh) * 2022-09-29 2022-12-09 昆明冶金研究院有限公司 一种有效控制TiB2颗粒尺寸和分布范围的铝钛硼合金制备方法
CN116005032A (zh) * 2022-12-13 2023-04-25 湖南文昌新材科技股份有限公司 金属基复合材料的制备装置、方法及材料
CN114642992B (zh) * 2022-02-28 2024-05-17 江苏大学 一种高体积分数颗粒增强铝基复合材料的制备装置和方法

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CN114642992A (zh) * 2022-02-28 2022-06-21 江苏大学 一种高体积分数颗粒增强铝基复合材料的制备装置和方法
CN114642992B (zh) * 2022-02-28 2024-05-17 江苏大学 一种高体积分数颗粒增强铝基复合材料的制备装置和方法
CN114990369A (zh) * 2022-07-28 2022-09-02 鼎镁新材料科技股份有限公司 一种再生铝制备铝合金自行车轮圈的方法
CN115449657A (zh) * 2022-09-29 2022-12-09 昆明冶金研究院有限公司 一种有效控制TiB2颗粒尺寸和分布范围的铝钛硼合金制备方法
CN116005032A (zh) * 2022-12-13 2023-04-25 湖南文昌新材科技股份有限公司 金属基复合材料的制备装置、方法及材料

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