WO2016175250A1 - 防水透湿布帛および感染防護衣 - Google Patents
防水透湿布帛および感染防護衣 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2016175250A1 WO2016175250A1 PCT/JP2016/063238 JP2016063238W WO2016175250A1 WO 2016175250 A1 WO2016175250 A1 WO 2016175250A1 JP 2016063238 W JP2016063238 W JP 2016063238W WO 2016175250 A1 WO2016175250 A1 WO 2016175250A1
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- waterproof
- moisture
- permeable fabric
- microporous film
- fabric
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A41—WEARING APPAREL
- A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
- A41D31/00—Materials specially adapted for outerwear
- A41D31/04—Materials specially adapted for outerwear characterised by special function or use
- A41D31/10—Impermeable to liquids, e.g. waterproof; Liquid-repellent
- A41D31/102—Waterproof and breathable
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
- B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A41—WEARING APPAREL
- A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
- A41D13/00—Professional, industrial or sporting protective garments, e.g. surgeons' gowns or garments protecting against blows or punches
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A41—WEARING APPAREL
- A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
- A41D31/00—Materials specially adapted for outerwear
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A41—WEARING APPAREL
- A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
- A41D31/00—Materials specially adapted for outerwear
- A41D31/02—Layered materials
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/32—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyolefins
- B32B27/322—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyolefins comprising halogenated polyolefins, e.g. PTFE
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/40—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyurethanes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
- B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
- B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
- B32B7/14—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties applied in spaced arrangements, e.g. in stripes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2266/00—Composition of foam
- B32B2266/02—Organic
- B32B2266/0214—Materials belonging to B32B27/00
- B32B2266/0278—Polyurethane
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
- B32B2307/54—Yield strength; Tensile strength
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/70—Other properties
- B32B2307/724—Permeability to gases, adsorption
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/70—Other properties
- B32B2307/726—Permeability to liquids, absorption
- B32B2307/7265—Non-permeable
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2437/00—Clothing
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a waterproof breathable fabric and an infection protective clothing using the same.
- Infection protective clothing corresponding to Ebola hemorrhagic fever and new influenza has been used.
- Infection protective clothing generally holds a film layer or coating layer (hereinafter referred to as a barrier layer) that does not allow water to pass through in order to ensure barrier properties such as virus barrier properties, blood barrier properties, and water pressure resistance. It is.
- the barrier layer has a thick barrier layer in order to maintain high barrier properties, or uses a non-porous barrier layer that does not have moisture permeability, so it has poor breathability and moisture permeability, and has a strong stuffiness when worn.
- the comfort of clothing is poor due to the feeling and poor flexibility.
- a microporous film in which an inorganic filler such as calcium carbonate is filled in the barrier layer is used to reduce the feeling of stuffiness and improve clothing comfort (Patent Document 1).
- a microporous film filled with an inorganic filler has a drawback that strength such as tensile strength and puncture strength is weak.
- Patent Document 2 a polyethylene microporous film using ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene as a filler is known.
- a laminated body in which a microporous film is laminated with a fiber layer such as a nonwoven fabric is generally used for infection protective clothing and the like.
- an adhesive processing using a hot melt adhesive or the like is used as a technique for laminating a microporous film and a fiber layer such as a nonwoven fabric.
- Patent Document 2 when the polyethylene microporous film disclosed in Patent Document 2 is bonded to a non-woven fabric or the like using, for example, a synthetic rubber-based hot melt adhesive, the transparency of the polyethylene microporous film that is originally desired to be white is not clear. Occasionally, appearance abnormalities and barrier properties may be deteriorated.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a waterproof and moisture-permeable fabric in which abnormal appearance and deterioration of barrier properties are suppressed.
- a protective layer and a polyethylene microporous film are laminated via a synthetic rubber-based hot melt adhesive, an olefin-based hot melt adhesive, or a composite hot melt adhesive, and are waterproof and moisture-permeable fabrics, Waterproof and moisture permeable fabric having a non-polar oil content of 2 g / m 2 or less and a polar oil content of 0.01 g / m 2 or more and 6 g / m 2 or less
- Polyethylene microporosity The film is a waterproof / breathable fabric according to (1) that satisfies the following conditions (A) to (D), (A) the moisture permeability is 200 g / m 2 ⁇ h or more, and (B) the tensile strength is 20 N / 5 cm.
- the polyethylene microporous film of the present invention is a film that penetrates from the front surface to the back surface of the film and has many fine pores having air permeability.
- a method for forming a through hole in the polyethylene microporous film either a wet method or a dry method may be used as long as strength such as puncture strength and tensile strength, moisture permeability, and barrier properties can be ensured.
- a wet method is preferred because foreign matter on the film can be washed away with liquid after film formation.
- the wet method is a method of forming voids using a solvent. Specifically, it can be formed by the following method. A polyethylene resin as a matrix resin and an extract to be extracted after forming into a sheet are mixed to form a sheet. Only the extract is extracted from the obtained sheet using a good solvent for the extract before or after biaxial stretching.
- the polyethylene constituting the polyethylene microporous film may be a homopolymer, or may be a copolymer containing a structure derived from another monomer as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired.
- polyethylene microporous film has antioxidants, heat stabilizers, light stabilizers, neutralizers, antistatic agents, organic particles, inorganic particles, as well as antiblocking agents and fillers, incompatible.
- Various additives such as a polymer may be contained.
- the polyethylene microporous film preferably has a moisture permeability of 200 g / m 2 ⁇ h or more, which is a moisture permeability evaluation scale. On the other hand, it is preferably 2000 g / m 2 ⁇ h or less.
- the moisture permeability of the polyethylene microporous film is 200 g / m 2 ⁇ h or more, the moisture permeability becomes excellent, and when the waterproof moisture-permeable fabric using the polyethylene microporous film is used as an infection protective clothing, etc. Moreover, the wearing comfort of the garment is improved.
- the moisture permeability of the polyethylene microporous film is more preferably 300 g / m 2 ⁇ h or more, and further preferably 350 g / m 2 ⁇ h or more.
- the barrier property is more excellent.
- the moisture permeability was evaluated by the A-1 method described in JIS L1099 (2012). Further, as an example of means for setting the moisture permeability of the polyethylene microporous film in the above range, the content of ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene having a molecular weight of 1 ⁇ 10 6 or more should be 1 to 15% by mass with respect to the whole polyethylene. Etc.
- the polyethylene microporous film preferably has a tensile strength obtained based on JIS L1096 of 20 N / 5 cm or more in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction, more preferably 40 N / 5 cm or more, and even more preferably 60 N / 5 cm or more. is there.
- the waterproof moisture-permeable cloth is used as an infection protective clothing, and when the wearer of the infection protective clothing performs bending work, even if force is applied to the waterproof moisture-permeable fabric.
- the polyethylene microporous film is preferable because it is difficult to break.
- the tensile strength of the polyethylene microporous film is not particularly limited, but is preferably 500 N / 5 cm or less because the waterproof moisture-permeable fabric is cut with scissors during sewing when the waterproof moisture-permeable fabric is used as an infection protective clothing.
- the vertical direction refers to the roll-out direction during the production of the polyethylene microporous film.
- a horizontal means the direction orthogonal to said length direction.
- the tensile elongation of the polyethylene microporous film is preferably 3% or more, more preferably 5% or more in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction. On the other hand, it is preferably 80% or less, more preferably 20% or less, more preferably 15% or less.
- a force is applied to the waterproof / breathable cloth at the time of the work of the wearer of the infection protective clothing using the waterproof / breathable cloth, Expansion of the pores of the microporous film can be suppressed. Thereby, it can prevent that a virus and bacteria permeate
- the tensile elongation of the microporous film is 3% or more, the microporous film is stretched in accordance with the movement of the body during work, so that the comfort is improved.
- the thickness of the polyethylene microporous film is preferably 10 ⁇ m or more, more preferably 15 ⁇ m or more, and further preferably 20 ⁇ m or more.
- the thickness of the polyethylene microporous film is preferably 10 ⁇ m or more, more preferably 15 ⁇ m or more, and further preferably 20 ⁇ m or more.
- the thickness of the polyethylene microporous film is preferably 10 ⁇ m or more, more preferably 15 ⁇ m or more, and further preferably 20 ⁇ m or more.
- the upper value of the thickness of the polyethylene microporous film is not particularly limited, but is preferably 50 ⁇ m or less. If the thickness of the polyethylene microporous film is low, its moisture permeability can be improved.
- the polyethylene microporous film preferably has a water pressure resistance of 30 kPa or more, more preferably 40 kPa or more, and still more preferably 50 kPa or more, based on JIS L1092 Method A. This value was measured without using a support that suppresses the elongation of the polyethylene microporous film.
- the blood barrier property of the polyethylene microporous film is preferably one that passes after procedure A or procedure C described in JIS T 8060 (2007).
- the virus barrier property of the polyethylene microporous film is preferably passed in the test of Procedure A or Procedure C (set pressure 20 kPa) described in JIS T8061 (2010).
- the blood barrier property and the virus barrier property are high, but since these barrier properties are not required for other layers, this performance is imparted to the polyethylene microporous film. Is preferred.
- the porosity of the polyethylene microporous film is preferably 20% or more, and more preferably 30% or more. On the other hand, 60% or less is preferable, and 50% or less is more preferable. By setting the porosity to 20% or more, moisture permeability can be obtained, and by setting the porosity to 60% or less, necessary strength can be ensured. The porosity is measured by a mass method.
- the pore diameter of the polyethylene microporous film is preferably 35 nm or less, more preferably 30 nm or less, and even more preferably 25 nm or less. On the other hand, it is preferably 1 nm or more, more preferably 5 nm or more. When the pore diameter of the polyethylene microporous film is 35 ⁇ m or less, bacteria and viruses do not easily penetrate the film, and moisture permeability can be imparted by being 1 nm or more. In order to make the virus barrier property and porosity of the polyethylene microporous film as described above, it is possible to make the pore diameter of the polyethylene microporous film smaller than the virus size (27 nm). The measurement of the pore diameter is preferably performed by the half dry method.
- the pore diameter is smaller than the virus size (bacterial phage size diameter defined by JIS T8061 (2010) 27 nm). It is preferable.
- the average pore diameter of the microporous film can be increased.
- the blood barrier property and virus barrier property of the polyethylene microporous film can be made desirable by adjusting any of the following conditions during the production of the polyethylene microporous film.
- Polyethylene microporous film is excellent in cost and productivity, has excellent barrier properties such as blood barrier properties and virus barrier properties, and reduces the feeling of stuffiness when wearing protective clothing with waterproof and moisture-permeable fabric. The comfort of the protective clothing can be improved.
- the protective layer used in the waterproof / moisture permeable fabric of the present invention provides the waterproof / moisture permeable fabric with a sufficient tensile strength and sufficient wear strength, a texture such as an appropriate touch, and softness.
- Examples of the shape used as the protective layer include fiber structures such as woven fabric, knitted fabric, nonwoven fabric, and paper. Among these, a nonwoven fabric is preferable in order to make the cost, tensile strength, and wear strength excellent.
- Nonwoven fabrics include wet nonwoven fabrics, resin bond dry nonwoven fabrics, thermal bond dry nonwoven fabrics, spunbond dry nonwoven fabrics, needle punch dry nonwoven fabrics, water jet punch dry nonwoven paper fabrics, melt blown nonwoven fabrics and flash spinning dry nonwoven fabrics. can give.
- a non-woven fabric produced by a paper making method capable of making the basis weight and thickness uniform can also be preferably used.
- a spunbonded dry nonwoven fabric is preferable from the viewpoints of cost, tensile strength, and wear strength.
- the nonwoven fabric which combined the spun bond type dry nonwoven fabric and the melt blown nonwoven fabric is also used suitably.
- the material for the nonwoven fabric examples include polyolefins such as polyethylene and polypropylene, polyesters such as polyethylene terephthalate and polylactic acid, polycarbonates, polystyrenes, polyphenylene sulfide, fluorine resins, and mixtures thereof.
- polyolefin, particularly polypropylene is preferable because of excellent heat resistance and chemical resistance.
- the nonwoven fabric which consists of a fiber of a core-sheath structure in which polyethylene becomes a sheath and polypropylene becomes a core contains the same polyethylene as the polyethylene microporous film. Therefore, since these melting
- the melting point of the material constituting the nonwoven fabric is preferably 130 ° C. or higher, more preferably 140 ° C. or higher, and 150 ° C. or higher. Is more preferable. On the other hand, the melting point is preferably 300 ° C. or lower.
- the tensile strength of the protective layer is preferably 5 N / 50 mm or more in order to increase the tensile strength of the waterproof and moisture-permeable fabric. More preferably, it is 10 N / 50 mm or more, More preferably, it is 15 N / 50 mm or more. Since it is possible to ensure an appropriate softness of the waterproof and moisture-permeable fabric, 300 N / 50 mm or less is preferable.
- the rupture strength of the protective layer is preferably 300 kPa or more, preferably 400 kPa or more, more preferably 500 kPa or more in order to increase the rupture strength of the waterproof and moisture-permeable fabric, while the rupture strength is preferably 3000 kPa or less.
- the burst strength is 3000 kPa or less, the waterproof and moisture-permeable fabric when used as a waterproof and moisture-permeable fabric can have excellent flexibility and light weight.
- the wear strength of the protective layer is preferably grade 3 or higher as described in the Examples section. More preferably, it is quaternary or higher.
- the thickness of the protective layer is preferably 0.01 mm or more, and more preferably 0.1 mm or more. On the other hand, the thickness of the protective layer is preferably 5 mm or less, and more preferably 2 mm or less.
- the fabric weight of a protective layer is 10 g / m ⁇ 2 > or more, and it is preferable that it is 20 g / m ⁇ 2 > or more.
- the basis weight is preferably 200 g / m 2 or less, and more preferably 100 g / m 2 or less.
- the protective layer used in the present invention is preferably subjected to processing for imparting functions such as antistatic processing (antistatic processing) and water / oil repellent processing to the surface.
- the antistatic processing is preferably a method of processing the conductive polymer on the surface of the protective layer or a method of processing the hygroscopic polymer on the surface of the protective layer.
- the water-repellent / oil-repellent protective layer (hereinafter referred to as the water- and oil-repellent protective layer) is water repellent /
- the alcohol repellency is preferably 5 or more, more preferably 6 or more, based on the rating shown in the Examples column.
- a method of applying a water / oil / oil repellent to the surface protective layer can be mentioned.
- an existing chemical such as a fluororesin or a polyolefin resin can be used as the water and oil repellent finishing agent.
- Fluororesin includes PTFE (tetrafluoroethylene resin), PFA (copolymer of tetrafluoroethylene (TFE) and perfluoroalkoxyethylene) and FEP (copolymer of perfluoroethylene and perfluoropropene).
- PTFE tetrafluoroethylene resin
- PFA copolymer of tetrafluoroethylene (TFE) and perfluoroalkoxyethylene
- FEP copolymer of perfluoroethylene and perfluoropropene
- examples of the polyolefin resin include polyethylene and polypropylene.
- Another example of the water / oil repellent finish is a method of applying a silicone resin to the surface of the protective layer. The water / oil repellent finish is preferably applied to at least the surface of the water / oil repellent protective layer.
- a dipping method in which a chemical is impregnated with a water / oil repellent protective layer is preferable because water / oil repellent performance can be imparted to the entire water / oil repellent protective layer.
- the surface of the protective layer opposite to the surface in contact with the microporous film is subjected to water / oil repellent treatment in order to improve the adhesion between various composite hot melt adhesives and the polyethylene microporous film. preferable. This is because the affinity between the surface of the protective layer subjected to water / oil repellent treatment and various hot melt adhesives is low, and the peel strength at the joint surface between the protective layer and the polyethylene microporous film is likely to decrease. .
- the water pressure resistance of the protective layer is 300 mmH 2 O or more to prevent solvent-based liquids such as ethanol disinfectant from contacting the protective layer and penetrating into the microporous polyethylene film when pressure is applied.
- Use water- and oil-repellent chemicals in the protective layer increase the basis weight of the water- and oil-repellent non-woven fabric, and emboss and calendar the water- and oil-repellent non-woven fabric as means to achieve water pressure resistance.
- Increasing the density and increasing the density by combining a spunbond nonwoven fabric and a melt blown nonwoven fabric can be mentioned.
- the hot melt adhesive used for bonding the protective layer and the polyethylene microporous film is a synthetic rubber hot melt adhesive, an olefin hot melt adhesive, or a composite hot melt adhesive. These types of adhesives generate an adhesive force quickly in the lamination process of the protective layer and the polyethylene microporous film in the manufacturing process of the waterproof and moisture-permeable fabric.
- the synthetic rubber-based hot-melt adhesive contains at least a thermoplastic elastomer (hereinafter referred to as TPE).
- TPE thermoplastic elastomer
- various heat stabilizers such as phenol, phosphorus, and sulfur, and additives such as ultraviolet absorbers may be contained.
- Styrene-based TPE is composed of a hard segment and a soft segment having a polystyrene structure.
- examples of such materials include SBS (polystyrene-polybutadiene-polystyrene), SIS (polystyrene-polyisoprene-polystyrene), SEBS (polystyrene-polyethylene / polybutylene-polystyrene), SEPS (polystyrene-polyethylene / polypropylene-polystyrene), Among them, SBS and SEBS are preferable because the adhesive strength of the synthetic rubber hot melt adhesive is excellent. SEBS can be synthesized by the hydrogenation reaction of SBS.
- the olefin-based hot melt adhesive contains polyolefin which is a thermoplastic resin. Further, it preferably contains a tackifier and / or mineral oil.
- the polyolefin is preferably an ⁇ -olefin polymer.
- other items including the following may be included.
- Various heat stabilizers such as phenolic phosphorus and sulfur, and UV absorbers. Styrenic elastomers to improve the low temperature properties and cohesive strength of hot melt adhesives.
- Olefin hot melt adhesives have excellent adhesion to the surface of sheets such as films and fabrics made of nonpolar materials such as polyethylene and polypropylene.
- the polyolefin include polyethylene, polypropylene (for example, attack polypropylene), amorphous poly ⁇ -olefin, ethylene / propylene copolymer, and ethylene / butene-1 random copolymer.
- the polyolefin should have a relatively small molecular weight.
- the composite hot melt adhesive contains TPE and polyolefin.
- a tackifier and / or mineral oil may be included.
- the composite hot melt adhesive may contain additives such as various heat stabilizers such as phenol, phosphorus, and sulfur, and an ultraviolet absorber.
- the hot melt adhesive used in the waterproof and moisture permeable fabric of the present invention may contain a tackifier in order to adjust the adhesive force, adhesive force, holding force, and the like. preferable.
- the tackifier examples include natural resins such as rosin derivatives, terpene resins such as aromatic modified terpene resins and terpene phenol resins, and petroleum resins such as hydrogenated petroleum resins.
- natural resins such as rosin derivatives
- terpene resins such as aromatic modified terpene resins and terpene phenol resins
- petroleum resins such as hydrogenated petroleum resins.
- a hydrogenated petroleum resin is preferable in consideration of suppression of reduction in cohesive strength of the hot melt adhesive, improvement of thermal stability, suppression of odor, and good color tone of the hot melt adhesive.
- the content of the tackifier contained in the hot melt adhesive of the present invention is preferably 5% by mass or more with respect to the entire hot melt adhesive.
- the content of the tackifier contained in the hot melt adhesive is preferably 60% by mass or less and more preferably 40% by mass or less with respect to the entire hot melt adhesive. More preferably, it is 20 mass% or less.
- the hot-melt adhesive can contain mineral oil as described above.
- the mineral oil include petroleum-based process oils such as liquid polybutene and liquid paraffin, chemically synthesized oil, and partially synthetic oil. Mineral oil is not limited to those produced from underground resources.
- the content of mineral oil contained in the hot melt adhesive used in the waterproof and moisture permeable fabric of the present invention is preferably 0.01% by mass or more based on the entire hot melt adhesive. By making the content of mineral oil 0.01% by mass or more, the melt viscosity of the hot melt adhesive can be lowered, and the wettability to the adherend becomes better.
- the content of mineral oil contained in the hot melt adhesive is preferably 20% by mass or less with respect to the entire hot melt adhesive. By making content of mineral oil into 20 mass% or less, it can suppress more that mineral oil bleeds out over time from a waterproof moisture-permeable fabric. *
- the waterproof and moisture permeable fabric of the present invention is a laminate of a protective layer and a polyethylene microporous film via a hot melt adhesive, and the waterproof and moisture permeable fabric contains a non-polar oil content in a certain amount or less. Yes, the polar oil content is within a specific range.
- the content of nonpolar oil in the waterproof and moisture permeable fabric is 2.0 g / m 2 or less. Most of the nonpolar oil comes from hot melt adhesives. If the content of the nonpolar oil contained in the waterproof and moisture permeable fabric is too large, a large amount of nonpolar oil penetrates into the pores, and most of the aggregate of pores existing in the film thickness direction of the polyethylene microporous film It is estimated that the polyethylene microporous film tends to become transparent as a result of being blocked by nonpolar oil. And there exists a tendency for the external appearance abnormality of the waterproof moisture-permeable fabric by the polyethylene microporous film to become transparent.
- the barrier property of the waterproof and moisture permeable fabric also tends to be lowered.
- the content of the nonpolar oil contained in the waterproof / breathable fabric is preferably 1.5 g / m 2 or less, and more preferably 1.0 g / m 2 or less.
- the solubility parameter is a value that is a measure of the solubility of the two compositions. It can be said that the two types of compositions having similar solubility parameters are easily dissolved, and conversely, the two types of compositions having different solubility parameters are in a difficult relationship.
- the content of polar oil in the waterproof and moisture permeable fabric is 0.01 g / m 2 or more, preferably 0.1 g / m 2 or more, and more preferably 0.5 g / m 2 or more.
- the upper value is 6.0 g / m 2 or less, preferably 5.0 g / m 2 or less, and more preferably 4.0 g / m 2 or less. That the content of polar oil contained in the waterproof and moisture permeable fabric is a specific amount or more, that is, the total amount of polar oil contained in each member constituting the waterproof and moisture permeable fabric before lamination is a specified amount or more. It means that.
- the hot melt adhesive cannot be uniformly applied to the protective layer in the manufacturing process of the waterproof and moisture permeable fabric, and the waterproof produced.
- a moisture-permeable cloth to become a thing which cannot be used for infection protective clothing etc. That is, the productivity of the waterproof and moisture-permeable fabric is very low.
- the effect of application uniformity can be achieved if the waterproof and moisture permeable fabric has a specific amount or more of oil regardless of polarity or nonpolarity.
- the waterproof and moisture permeable fabric has a non-polar oil content of a specific amount or more, as described above, the waterproof and moisture permeable fabric has an appearance abnormality and the barrier property of the waterproof and moisture permeable fabric tends to decrease. is there.
- the waterproof / moisture permeable fabric has a large amount of polar oil, there is almost no occurrence of abnormal appearance of the waterproof / moisture permeable fabric and no reduction in barrier properties. The reason is not clear, but it is assumed that the solubility parameter value of the polar oil component is sufficiently away from the solubility parameter value of the polyethylene microporous film.
- the texture of the waterproof and moisture permeable fabric is very inferior.
- the reason is unknown, when the content of nonpolar oil contained in the waterproof moisture-permeable fabric is large (for example, 1.8 g / m 2 or more), the polar oil contained in the waterproof moisture-permeable fabric When the content exceeds 6.0 g / m 2 , there is a tendency that abnormal appearance of the waterproof moisture-permeable fabric due to the transparent polyethylene microporous film is generated. Moreover, when the polyethylene microporous film becomes transparent, the barrier property of the waterproof and moisture permeable fabric also tends to be lowered.
- the waterproof / moisture permeable fabric of the present invention has a non-polar oil content of a specific amount or less, and includes a polar oil content in a specific range, thereby suppressing the occurrence of abnormal appearance and a decrease in barrier properties. Excellent in properties and texture.
- examples of means for setting the nonpolar oil content and the polar oil content contained in the waterproof moisture-permeable fabric to desired values include the following. Most of the nonpolar oil and the polar oil contained in the waterproof and moisture permeable fabric are derived from mineral oil and tackifier contained in the synthetic rubber-based hot melt adhesive and olefin-based hot melt adhesive. By adjusting the content of nonpolar oil and polar oil contained in synthetic rubber hot melt adhesive and olefin hot melt adhesive, nonpolar oil and polar oil contained in waterproof moisture permeable fabric are adjusted. The content can be set to a desired value.
- nonpolar oil and the polar oil contained in the waterproof and moisture permeable fabric are defined by n-hexane from the waterproof and moisture permeable fabric. It is an extracted component.
- the nonpolar oil contained in the waterproof and moisture permeable fabric refers to an extract extracted from the waterproof and moisture permeable fabric by n-hexane extraction, according to JIS K0102 (1986) Factory Wastewater Test Method No. 26 “Hydrocarbons and Animal and Vegetable Oils”. According to the above, it is passed through a Florisil column (2.5 g of Florisil use amount), and n-hexane is removed from the eluate that has passed through the Florisil column. Florisil columns adsorb polar oils.
- the polar oil contained in the waterproof and moisture permeable fabric is obtained by subtracting the amount of nonpolar oil from the extract extracted from the waterproof and moisture permeable fabric with n-hexane.
- the amount of oil contained in the waterproof breathable fabric is preferably 7 g / m 2 or less, more preferably 6 g / m 2 or less. By setting it as this range, the fall of the barrier property of a waterproof moisture-permeable fabric and appearance abnormality can be suppressed more.
- the ratio of the area of the portion made transparent by the waterproof and moisture permeable fabric is preferably 2.0% or less, more preferably 1.5% or less, relative to the entire waterproof and moisture permeable fabric. More preferably, it is% or less. This ratio can be measured from a 15 cm ⁇ 15 cm square area.
- the barrier ratio of the waterproof and moisture permeable fabric is further suppressed by setting the ratio of the area of the waterproof and moisture permeable fabric where the nonpolar oil penetrates and becomes transparent to 2.0% or less. be able to.
- a water- and oil-repellent protective layer is disposed on the outermost surface of at least one surface of the waterproof and moisture-permeable fabric.
- the waterproof and moisture permeable fabric exhibits water / alcohol repellency and permeation resistance effective against water-soluble contaminated water and ethanol disinfectant.
- the water pressure resistance is 300 mmH 2 O or more on the surface of at least one surface thereof, and the water / alcohol repellency has an evaluation score of 5 or more shown in the Examples section described below.
- the water resistance of the water and oil repellent protective layer is as follows. Further, the water-repellent / alcohol-repellent property prevents the 80% ethanol aqueous solution from penetrating into the water- and oil-repellent protective layer, and the waterproof and moisture-permeable fabric is provided with the water- and oil-repellent protective layer. It is thought that it is because it is suppressed that it easily moves on the surface of and stays at a specific place for a long time.
- the moisture permeability of the waterproof moisture-permeable fabric of the present invention is such that the moisture permeability is 200 g / m 2 ⁇ h or more, and further 250 g / m 2 in order to give excellent wearability when the waterproof moisture-permeable fabric is used as an infection protective clothing. It is preferable that it is h or more, and further 300 g / m 2 ⁇ h or more. On the other hand, 1000 g / m 2 ⁇ h or less is preferable in order to make the barrier property more excellent.
- the moisture permeability is evaluated by the A-1 method described in JIS L1099 (2012).
- the moisture permeability of the waterproof and moisture permeable fabric can be kept high without impairing the moisture permeability of the polyethylene microporous film by adjusting the amount of hot melt adhesive applied.
- the tensile strength of the waterproof and moisture-permeable fabric of the present invention is preferably 40 N / 50 mm or more from the viewpoint of practicality when working with an infection protective clothing using the waterproof and moisture permeable fabric. More preferably, it is 60 N / 50 mm or more, More preferably, it is 80 N / 50 mm or more. On the other hand, 500 N / 50 mm or less is preferable in order to give the waterproof and moisture-permeable fabric an appropriate softness.
- the tensile strength is evaluated by the method described in JIS L1096.
- the tensile elongation of the waterproof and moisture permeable fabric of the present invention is to suppress the comfort and the elongation of the polyethylene microporous film and the expansion of the pore diameter when working on the infection protective clothing using the waterproof and moisture permeable fabric. , Less than 100%, more preferably less than 80%, still more preferably less than 60%. On the other hand, 10% or more is preferable in order to improve comfort.
- the rupture strength of the waterproof / breathable cloth of the present invention is preferably 400 kPa or more, more preferably 500 kPa or more, because it can further suppress the breakage caused by external stress when wearing the protective clothing using the waterproof / breathable cloth. 600 kPa or more is more preferable, while 2000 kPa or less is preferable. When the burst strength is 2000 kPa or less, the waterproof and moisture-permeable fabric is superior in flexibility and light weight.
- the waterproof and moisture permeable fabric of the present invention can make the surface more resistant to abrasion due to external stress when wearing the protective clothing for infection using the waterproof and moisture permeable fabric
- the waterproof and moisture permeable fabric It is preferable that the appearance evaluation when the surface is worn is grade 3 or higher. More preferably, it is quaternary or higher.
- the water-resistant pressure of the waterproof and moisture-permeable fabric of the present invention is preferably 50 kPa or more, more preferably 70 kPa or more, and more preferably 90 kPa, since it is possible to prevent water from entering from the outside when wearing the infection protective clothing using the waterproof and moisture-permeable fabric.
- the above is more preferable.
- 300 kPa or less is preferable.
- the water pressure resistance is 300 kPa or less, an appropriate number of through holes of the microporous film can be provided, and the moisture permeability of the waterproof and moisture permeable fabric can be further improved.
- the water pressure resistance of the waterproof and moisture permeable fabric can be adjusted by changing the number of non-woven fabrics laminated on the waterproof and moisture permeable fabric.
- the blood barrier property of the waterproof and moisture permeable fabric of the present invention is such that the blood barrier property described in JIS T8060 (2007) passes the class A of the procedure A or procedure C of the standard, 7 kPa or more, and the waterproof and moisture permeable fabric. When these are used as infection protective clothing, medical clothing, or protective clothing, their blood barrier properties become better. Pass of Class 5 of Procedure C, 14 kPa or more is more preferable, and pass of Class 6 of Procedure C, 20 kPa is more preferable.
- the waterproof and moisture permeable fabric of the present invention is waterproof and moisture permeable when the virus barrier property described in JIS T 8061 (2010) is acceptable in the procedure A or the procedure C class 3, 3.5 kPa or more of the standard.
- the barrier property against these viruses becomes better. Passing by procedure C class 4, 7 kPa or more is more preferable, passing by procedure C class 5, 14 kPa or more is more preferable, and passing by procedure C class 6, 20 kPa is particularly preferable.
- the polyethylene microporous film stretches moderately during bending and stretching.
- the waterproof moisture-permeable fabric of the present invention preferably has a basis weight of 15 to 250 g / m 2 . If the basis weight is increased, the waterproof and moisture-permeable fabric is more excellent in tensile strength, burst strength, wear strength, and water pressure resistance. From this viewpoint, the basis weight of the waterproof moisture-permeable fabric, 20 g / m 2 or more preferably, 30 g / m 2 or more is more preferable. On the other hand, when the waterproof moisture-permeable fabric has a basis weight of 250 g / m 2 or less, when the waterproof and moisture-permeable fabric is used as an infection protective clothing or the like, the infection protective clothing becomes lighter and its comfort is improved. From this viewpoint, the basis weight of the waterproof moisture-permeable fabric, more preferably from 150 g / m 2 or less, 100 g / m 2 or less is more preferred.
- the waterproof and moisture-permeable fabric of the present invention may have a plurality of protective layers and a plurality of polyethylene microporous films. Moreover, when a waterproof moisture-permeable fabric has a several protective layer, those protective layers may be the same and may differ. Moreover, when the waterproof and moisture-permeable fabric has a plurality of polyethylene microporous films, these polyethylene microporous films may be the same or different.
- the waterproof and moisture-permeable fabric of the present invention can have the following configurations, for example.
- protective layer / polyethylene microporous film (I) protective layer / polyethylene microporous film, (Ii) protective layer / polyethylene microporous film / protective layer, (Iii) Protective layer with excellent abrasion strength / Polyethylene microporous film / Protective layer with excellent tensile strength and burst strength, (Iv) protective layer / polyethylene microporous film / polyethylene microporous film / protective layer, (V) Polyethylene microporous film / protective layer / polyethylene microporous film / protective layer.
- the protective layer, the polyethylene microporous film, and the protective layer are in this order, and the structure of three or more layers in which the polyethylene microporous film is sandwiched between the protective layers. Is preferred.
- a polyethylene microporous film will be pinched
- the two-layer configuration of the protective layer and the polyethylene microporous film also ensures the desired tensile strength and burst strength of the waterproof and moisture permeable fabric, while the moisture permeability and light weight of the waterproof and moisture permeable fabric. It is preferable because the properties can be further improved.
- the peel strength at the interface between the bonded protective layer and the polyethylene microporous film is preferably 1.0 N / 50 mm or more, more preferably 1.4 N / 50 mm or more, and 1.8 N / 50 mm or more is more preferable.
- the peel strength can be increased by increasing the amount of adhesive applied.
- the upper limit of the peel strength is not particularly limited, but if the amount of the synthetic rubber-based hot melt adhesive, olefin-based hot melt adhesive, or composite hot melt adhesive is large, the moisture permeability decreases, so that it is 50 N / 5 mm or less. Preferably, 30 N / 5 mm is more preferable.
- the peel strength of the waterproof and moisture permeable fabric is preferably 0.8 N / 50 mm or more even after the heating test of the waterproof and moisture permeable fabric at 50 ° C. (50 ° C., 30% humidity, 24 hours holding). More preferably, it is 1.0 N / 50 mm or more, More preferably, it is 1.2 N / 50 mm or more. Furthermore, the peel strength of the waterproof and moisture permeable fabric is more preferably 0.8 N / 50 mm or more even after the heating test of the waterproof and moisture permeable fabric at 60 ° C. (60 ° C., 30% humidity, 24 hours holding). .
- the water / alcohol repellency of the waterproof / breathable fabric is preferably 5 or more, more preferably 6 or more.
- the waterproof and moisture permeable fabric has excellent resistance to an ethanol disinfectant (80% ethanol aqueous solution).
- examples of means for setting the water / alcohol repellency of the waterproof / moisture permeable fabric in the above range include laminating the above-described water / oil repellent protective layer on the surface layer (surface in contact with the liquid).
- the permeation resistance (JIS T8030 (2005), method A) of the waterproof and moisture-permeable fabric to an 80% aqueous ethanol solution is preferably class 1 or higher.
- Permeation resistance of the waterproof and moisture permeable fabric of the present invention to an 80% aqueous ethanol solution by, for example, laminating the above-mentioned water- and oil-repellent protective layer on the surface layer of the waterproof and moisture-permeable fabric and the aforementioned polyolefin microporous film. (JIS T8030 (2005), Method A) can be set to class 1 or higher.
- Permeability of the waterproof and moisture-permeable fabric against 80% ethanol aqueous solution is class 1 or higher, and this waterproof and moisture-permeable fabric has excellent barrier properties against 80% ethanol aqueous solution. Become.
- the polyethylene microporous film before being used in the waterproof permeable fabric of the present invention has many holes in the film thickness direction. Due to the presence of the pores, large light refraction or reflection occurs between the air and the polyethylene, and as a result, the microporous film turns white.
- the polyethylene microporous film incorporated in the waterproof / breathable fabric is impregnated with nonpolar oil.
- the microporous film has a region where the non-polar oil is filled in the pores in the film thickness direction (hereinafter, this region). May be referred to as an oil-filled layer). Since oil has a refractive index closer to that of polyethylene than air, light refraction and reflection are reduced. A thick oil-filled layer lowers the whiteness of the microporous film, that is, becomes transparent.
- a region that is not an oil-filled layer in a polyethylene microporous film incorporated in a waterproof moisture-permeable fabric is referred to as a microporous layer. The thicker the microporous layer, the better the whiteness.
- the waterproof and moisture-permeable fabric method of the present invention is obtained by bonding a protective layer and a polyethylene microporous film with various hot melt adhesives.
- a protective layer a polyethylene microporous film with various hot melt adhesives.
- an adhesion method when a polypropylene spunbonded nonwoven fabric is used as a protective layer will be described below.
- the equipment for bonding each material with a hot melt adhesive is roughly divided into a hot melt melter, a hose, a nozzle head, and a pattern controller.
- a hot melt melter for these facilities, known techniques and facilities can be used.
- adhesive application such as curtain spray, spiral spray, slot coat, and ZIP (Z-shaped pattern).
- curtain spray and spiral spray are suitable for moisture permeability, adhesive strength and It is preferable from the viewpoint of softness.
- pressure can be applied with a calender roll, three rolls, embossing roll, etc. after hot melt adhesive application.
- the oil is easily contained in the polyethylene microporous film from the beginning of production, there is no need to bother.
- the hot melt adhesive is applied to the protective layer. This is because the polyethylene microporous film is easily contracted or damaged by heat.
- the protective layer is a fiber structure when the coating is applied by curtain spray, since the supplied hot air passes through the protective layer, so that the hot-melt adhesive is less rebounded.
- the waterproof and moisture-permeable fabric of the present invention has high barrier properties and excellent moisture permeability, it can be suitably used as medical clothing or protective clothing by sewing into a coverall, upper / lower separate type, gown or the like.
- the coverall type is preferable in preventing entry of contaminants and viruses.
- Virus barrier property It carried out according to JIS T8061 (2010). Virus barrier properties are measured based on Procedure A and Procedure C (set pressure: 3.5 kPa (Class 3), 7 kPa (Class 4), 14 kPa (Class 5) and 20 kPa (Class 5)) described in the JIS. When no virus was detected in each of the procedures A and C, the test was accepted.
- Moisture permeability The moisture permeability was measured based on the A-1 method (calcium chloride method) described in JIS L1099 (2012). The unit is g / m 2 ⁇ h.
- the load applied to the sample when the sample was filmed was read, and the value divided by the thickness (mm) of the sample before the test was defined as the puncture strength (unit: N / mm).
- the measurement was performed five times for each sample to be measured, and the average value was adopted.
- Thickness The thickness of the polyethylene microporous film was evaluated by the following measuring method. Thickness ( ⁇ m) was measured using a dial gauge thickness gauge (JIS B7503 (1997), PEACOCK UPRIIGHT DIAL GAUGE (0.001 ⁇ 2 mm), No. 25, probe 10 mm ⁇ flat, 50 gf load). The measurement was performed 10 times for each sample, and the average value was adopted.
- the thickness of the protective layer and the waterproof moisture-permeable fabric was evaluated by the following measuring method. The measurement was made based on the method A described in Section 6.1.1 of JIS L1913 (2010). Ten test pieces having a size of 2500 mm 2 or more were collected from the sample, and a pressure of 0.5 kPa was applied to the upper circular horizontal plate of the thickness measuring device to adjust the zero point. Thereafter, using a thickness measuring device, a pressure of 0.5 kPa was applied to the test piece in a standard state for 10 seconds, and the thickness was measured to 0.01 mm. The average of the measured values of 10 test pieces was adopted.
- a non-woven fabric was pulled in one direction and the non-woven fabric was pulled in the other direction perpendicular to the surface of the test piece.
- the evaluation was performed by taking three in order from the largest value of the strength shown when peeling and three in order from the smallest, and calculating the average value of a total of six.
- Nonpolar oil content and polar oil content in waterproof / breathable fabric The content of nonpolar oil and polar oil (both referred to herein as oil) in the waterproof / breathable fabric is determined as follows. Quantified with. The waterproof and moisture permeable fabric was cut into 100 mm ⁇ 200 mm. The waterproof and moisture-permeable fabric after cutting was subjected to Soxhlet extraction with n-hexane for 6 hours. The mass of the nonvolatile material after evaporating n-hexane at 80 ⁇ 5 ° C. was defined as the mass of oil.
- the evaporation method of n-hexane is as follows.
- the Soxhlet extract collected in the pear-shaped flask was concentrated to 5 to 10 ml with an evaporator with a hot water bath temperature of 80 ⁇ 5 ° C. Further, the entire content was transferred to an aluminum dish (Teraoka, aluminum cup No. 406), and the content was completely dried on a hot plate set at 80 ° C. Then, after heating for 30 minutes in an oven at 80 ° C., the aluminum dish was placed in a desiccator. The weight of the non-volatile substance was measured to the order of 0.1 mg, and was defined as the amount of oil.
- the non-volatile substance remaining on the aluminum dish is dissolved in about 5 ml of n-hexane, and the solution is compliant with JIS K 0102 (1986) Factory Drainage Test Method No. 26, Hydrocarbons and Animal and Plant Oils (JIS K). 0102 (2013) Appendix 1 (Reference) Supplement II) and passed through a florisil column (amount used: 2.5 g) using n-hexane.
- the mass obtained by removing n-hexane from the eluate that passed through the Florisil column was defined as the mass of the nonpolar oil.
- what subtracted the mass of said non-polar oil content from the mass of said oil content was made into the mass of polar oil content.
- the contents of the Florisil column were prepared by preliminarily drying Florisil (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemicals, Florisil PR for residual agricultural chemical test, particle size 15 to 250 ⁇ m) at 150 ° C. for 2 hours.
- the florisil column is a column packed with n-hexane into a glass column (inner diameter 10 mm, length 30 cm).
- Oil content (g / m 2 ) mass oil content / area of waterproof / breathable fabric (0.02 m 2 )
- Content of nonpolar oil (g / m 2 ) mass of nonpolar oil (g) / area of waterproof / breathable fabric (0.02 m 2 )
- Polar oil content (g / m 2 ) oil content (g / m 2 ) ⁇ non-polar oil content (g / m 2 ).
- the nonwoven fabric and polyethylene microporous film of the waterproof and moisture permeable fabrics of Examples 1 to 5 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 A waterproof and moisture-permeable fabric cut to a size of 100 mm ⁇ 200 mm according to the bonding method, bonding pattern, and the like was used.
- the size of the cut waterproof and moisture-permeable fabric is not limited to 100 mm ⁇ 200 mm.
- the size of the cut waterproof and moisture-permeable fabric needs to be selected in accordance with the bonding method between the nonwoven fabric and the polyethylene microporous film, the bonding pattern, and the like.
- Solubility parameter (SP value) is a value determined from the following equation.
- Peel strength after heating test of waterproof / moisture permeable fabric A waterproof / moisture permeable fabric (50 mm ⁇ 300 mm) was placed in a thermostatic chamber set at a temperature of 50 ° C. and a humidity of 30% and held for 24 hours. ) The peel strength after the heating test of the waterproof moisture-permeable fabric was evaluated by the method described in the item of peel strength. The peel strength after the heating test of the waterproof moisture-permeable fabric was also evaluated in the same manner as described above except that the temperature was changed from 50 ° C to 60 ° C.
- the pretreatment was performed under cooling conditions so as not to melt the film.
- ⁇ Device SU8010 (manufactured by Hitachi High-Technologies)
- Conductive treatment Yes
- Pretreatment device IB-19520CCP made by JEOL -Observation voltage: 1.0 kV -Magnification: 1000 times.
- a SEM cross-sectional photograph was taken around five observation points randomly set on a sample of a 40 cm square polyethylene microporous film. And the cross-sectional photograph of these five polyethylene microporous films is analyzed. From one end to the other end in the direction perpendicular to the thickness direction of the polyethylene microporous film (hereinafter referred to as the length direction) copied in the obtained cross-sectional photograph, the region is divided into 10 parts. recognize. The thickness of the polyethylene microporous film at the midpoint in the length direction of each region is measured. The average value of the obtained 5 ⁇ 10 thickness values was taken as the thickness of the polyethylene microporous film.
- the thickness of the microporous layer of the polyethylene microporous film was measured as follows. Ten regions of each of five samples in which the thickness of the polyethylene microporous film was measured are observed to recognize the presence of the microporous layer. The thickness was measured, and the average value of the 5 ⁇ 10 values obtained was taken as the thickness of the microporous layer.
- the thickness of the microporous layer in each region was determined as follows. i) Recognize the hole arranged on the most surface side of the polyethylene microporous film among the holes present in the thickness direction of the polyethylene microporous film. ii) Imagine a straight line in the thickness direction through the recognized hole.
- iii) Recognize a hole that is on the straight line and that is closest to a surface different from the previously recognized hole. iv) The distance between the hole recognized in i) and the hole recognized in iii) is the thickness of the microporous layer in this region.
- the melt viscosity (Brookfield viscosity) at a temperature of 140 ° C. is 14000
- Hot melt adhesive B synthetic rubber hot melt adhesive
- Mineral oil liquid paraffin
- synthetic rubber synthetic rubber
- tackifier hydrogenated terpene resin
- tackifier synthetic rubber hot melt adhesive
- the melt viscosity (Brookfield viscosity) at a temperature of 140 ° C. is 14000 mPa ⁇ s.
- the softening point is 104 ° C.
- Hot melt adhesive C synthetic rubber hot melt adhesive
- mineral oil liquid paraffin
- SBS synthetic rubber
- tackifier mineral hydrocarbon resin
- the melt viscosity (Brookfield viscosity) at a temperature of 140 ° C. is 4000 mPa ⁇ s.
- the softening point is 82 ° C.
- Hot melt adhesive D (polyolefin hot melt adhesive) Contains 5% by mass of mineral oil (liquid paraffin), 40% by mass of tackifier (petroleum hydrocarbon resin), 45% by mass of olefin resin (polybutene), and 10% by mass of olefin resin (polypropylene).
- the melt viscosity (Brookfield viscosity) at a temperature of 150 ° C. is 7000 mPa ⁇ s, and the softening point is 122 ° C.
- Polyethylene microporous film A thickness 14 ⁇ m. Melting point 137 ° C. Microporous pore diameter of 32 ⁇ m. Moisture permeability of 380 g / m 2 ⁇ h. Tensile strength (vertical) 40 N / 50 mm, tensile strength (horizontal) 40 N / 50 mm, tensile elongation (vertical) 10%, tensile elongation (horizontal) 8%. Water pressure resistance 65kP. The puncture strength is 370 N / mm, and the virus barrier property is passed in the procedure A. The blood barrier property passes with Procedure A.
- Non-woven fabric A Polypropylene spunbond (40 g / m 2 in basis weight, thickness 0.2 mm, melting point 165 ° C., tensile strength: 58 N / 50 mm, burst strength: 500 kPa, wear strength: 4.5 grade)
- Non-woven fabric B Polypropylene / polyethylene core-sheath spunbond (30 g / m 2 in basis weight, thickness 0.2 mm, melting point 130 ° C. and 165 ° C., tensile strength: 50 N / 50 mm, burst strength: 450 kPa, wear strength: 4.5 Class).
- ⁇ Lamination method> Method for adhering protective layer and polyethylene microporous film using synthetic rubber-based hot melt adhesive, olefin-based hot melt adhesive or composite hot melt adhesive (hereinafter sometimes referred to as hot melt adhesive)
- hot melt adhesive synthetic rubber-based hot melt adhesive, olefin-based hot melt adhesive or composite hot melt adhesive (hereinafter sometimes referred to as hot melt adhesive)
- the hot-melt adhesive was applied on one side of the protective layer to 1 to 5 g / m 2 by curtain spray, and a polyethylene microporous film was bonded to the surface of the protective layer.
- Example 1 The hot melt adhesive A was applied to one side of the first nonwoven fabric A by the curtain spray method under the conditions of an application amount of 2.5 g / m 2 , an application temperature of 140 ° C., and a processing speed of 30 m / min.
- the surface of the first nonwoven fabric A coated with the hot melt adhesive A was bonded to the polyethylene microporous film A.
- the hot melt adhesive A is applied to one side of the second nonwoven fabric A under the conditions described above, the surface of the second nonwoven fabric A coated with the hot melt adhesive A and the first nonwoven fabric A are adhered.
- the surfaces of the combined polyethylene microporous film A were bonded together.
- this material was heat-treated at an air temperature of 160 ° C., a processing speed of 30 m / min, and a nip pressure of zero, to form a waterproof / moisture permeable fabric having a configuration of first nonwoven fabric A / polyethylene microporous film A / second nonwoven fabric A.
- This waterproof and moisture-permeable fabric 300 mm ⁇ 300 mm was taken out by holding it in a thermostatic chamber at 50 ° C. for 24 hours. The influence of bleeding was not observed visually, and the area ratio of the transparent portion was 0.6%.
- the amount of oil was 4.1 g / m 2
- the amount of nonpolar oil was 0.6 g / m 2
- the amount of polar oil was 3.5 g / m 2 .
- the virus barrier property of this waterproof and moisture-permeable fabric passed with Procedure A and Procedure C (set pressure 20 kPa).
- the blood barrier properties passed in Procedure A and Procedure C.
- Example 2 The hot melt adhesive B was applied to one side of the first nonwoven fabric A under the conditions of a coating amount of 2.5 g / m 2 , a coating temperature of 140 ° C., and a processing speed of 30 m / min. The surface coated with the hot melt adhesive B was adhered to the surface of the polyethylene microporous film A. Next, the hot melt adhesive B was applied to one side of the second nonwoven fabric A under the same conditions as described above. After the application, the surface of the nonwoven fabric A to which the hot melt adhesive B was applied and the surface of the polyethylene microporous film A to which the first nonwoven fabric A was adhered were bonded together.
- This waterproof and moisture-permeable fabric 300 mm ⁇ 300 mm was taken out by holding it in a thermostatic chamber at 50 ° C. for 24 hours. The influence of bleeding was not observed visually, and the area ratio of the transparent portion was 0.7%.
- the amount of oil was 4.1 g / m 2
- the amount of nonpolar oil was 0.9 g / m 2
- the amount of polar oil was 3.2 g / m 2 .
- the virus barrier property was passed in Procedure A and Procedure C (set pressure 20 kPa).
- the blood barrier property passed the standard of the procedure A and the procedure C.
- Example 3 Except for changing the protective layer from the non-woven fabric A to the non-woven fabric B, the waterproof permeability of the configuration of the first non-woven fabric B / the polyethylene microporous film A / the second non-woven fabric B is the same as the conditions shown in Example 2. A poultice was obtained.
- This waterproof / breathable fabric 300 mm ⁇ 300 mm was held in a thermostatic chamber at 50 ° C. for 24 hours and taken out. The influence of bleed was not visually observed, and the area ratio of the transparent portion was 0.5%.
- the amount of oil was 4.1 g / m 2
- the amount of nonpolar oil was 0.9 g / m 2
- the amount of polar oil was 3.2 g / m 2 .
- the virus barrier property was passed in Procedure A and Procedure C (set pressure 20 kPa).
- the blood barrier properties passed in Procedure A and Procedure C.
- Example 4 The first nonwoven fabric A / polyethylene microporous film B / second under the same conditions as in Example 1 except that the adhesive coating amount was changed from 2.5 g / m 2 to 1.0 g / m 2 . A waterproof and moisture-permeable fabric having the structure of the second nonwoven fabric A was obtained.
- This waterproof and moisture-permeable fabric 300 mm ⁇ 300 mm was taken out by holding it in a thermostatic chamber at 50 ° C. for 24 hours. The influence of bleeding was not visually observed, and the ratio of the area of the transparent portion was 0.3%.
- the amount of oil was 1.6 g / m 2
- the amount of nonpolar oil was 0.2 g / m 2
- the amount of polar oil was 1.4 g / m 2 .
- the virus barrier property was passed in Procedure A and Procedure C (set pressure 20 kPa).
- the blood barrier properties passed in Procedure A and Procedure C.
- Example 5 The hot melt adhesive D was applied to one side of the first nonwoven fabric A by the curtain spray method, with an application amount of 1.0 g / m 2 , an application temperature of 150 ° C., and a processing speed of 30 m / min. The surface of the nonwoven fabric A coated with the hot melt adhesive D and the surface of the polyethylene microporous film A were adhered. Next, the hot melt adhesive D was applied to one side of the second nonwoven fabric A under the conditions described above. The surface of the nonwoven fabric A on which the hot melt adhesive D was applied and the surface of the polyethylene microporous film A on which the first nonwoven fabric A was bonded were bonded together.
- This waterproof and moisture-permeable fabric 300 mm ⁇ 300 mm was taken out by holding it in a thermostatic chamber at 50 ° C. for 24 hours. The influence of bleeding was not observed visually, and the ratio of the area of the transparent portion was 0.5%.
- the amount of oil was 1.7 g / m 2
- the amount of nonpolar oil was 0.7 g / m 2
- the amount of polar oil was 1.0 g / m 2 .
- the virus barrier property was passed in Procedure A and Procedure C (set pressure 20 kPa).
- the blood barrier properties passed in Procedure A and Procedure C.
- Example 1 The first nonwoven fabric A) / polyethylene microporous film A / second nonwoven fabric was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the hot melt adhesive A used in Example 1 was changed to the hot melt adhesive C. A waterproof and moisture-permeable fabric having the configuration of A was obtained.
- This waterproof and moisture-permeable fabric 300 mm ⁇ 300 mm was held in a thermostatic chamber at 50 ° C. for 24 hours and taken out. Visually, many star-like transparent portions were observed on the entire surface of the fabric, and the area ratio of the transparent portions was 4.1%.
- the amount of oil was 4.7 g / m 2
- the amount of nonpolar oil was 2.2 g / m 2
- the amount of polar oil was 2.5 g / m 2 .
- the virus barrier property of this waterproof and moisture-permeable fabric was unacceptable in Procedure A and Procedure C (set pressure 20 kPa).
- the blood barrier properties passed in Procedure A and Procedure C.
- infection protective clothing was obtained from this waterproof breathable fabric.
- Example 2 The first nonwoven fabric A / polyethylene microporosity was the same as the conditions shown in Example 2, except that the adhesive coating amount was changed from 2.5 g / m 2 to 5.0 g / m 2 .
- a waterproof and moisture-permeable fabric having the structure of film B / second nonwoven fabric A was obtained.
- Table 2 shows the configuration of the waterproof and moisture-permeable fabric.
- Table 3 and Table 4 show the evaluation results of the waterproof and moisture-permeable fabric.
- Table 5 shows the evaluation results of the waterproof and moisture-permeable fabric after the heating test.
- the waterproof / moisture permeable fabrics of Examples satisfying the requirements of the present invention were those in which abnormal appearance and deterioration of barrier properties were suppressed. Moreover, the infection protective clothing using the waterproof moisture-permeable fabric of an Example reduced the feeling of stuffiness at the time of wearing, and was excellent in clothing comfort. On the other hand, in the comparative example, it was a waterproof moisture-permeable fabric with insufficient moisture permeability, puncture strength, and barrier properties.
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Abstract
Description
(1)保護層とポリエチレン微多孔性フィルムとが、合成ゴム系ホットメルト接着剤、オレフィン系ホットメルト接着剤または複合ホットメルト接着剤を介して積層しており、防水透湿布帛であって、
無極性の油分の含有量が2g/m2以下であり、かつ
極性の油分の含有量が0.01g/m2以上、6g/m2以下である防水透湿布帛
(2)ポリエチレン微多孔性フィルムが、次の(イ)~(ニ)の条件を満たす(1)の防水透湿布帛、(イ)透湿度が200g/m2・h以上である、(ロ)引張強度が20N/5cm以上である、(ハ)引張伸度が5%以上80%以下である、(ニ)耐水圧が30kPa以上である(1)の防水透湿布帛、
(3)ウイルスバリア性がJIS T8061(2010)の手順Aまたは手順C(クラス3、3.5kPa)の試験に合格し、血液バリア性がJIS T8060(2007)の手順Aまたは手順Cの試験に合格する(1)または(2)の防水透湿布帛、
(4)(1)~(3)のいずれかの防水透湿布帛を用いた感染防護衣。
本発明のポリエチレン微多孔性フィルムは、フィルムの表面から裏面まで貫通し、透気性を有する微細な孔を多数有しているフィルムである。ポリエチレン微多孔性フィルムに貫通孔を形成する方法としては、突刺強度や引張強度などの強度、透湿性およびバリア性が担保できれば、湿式法、乾式法どちらでも構わない。フィルム成型後にフィルム上の異物を液体により洗い流すことができるため湿式法が好ましい。
キャストドラムの温度、
ポリエチレン微多孔性フィルムの長手方向の延伸倍率と延伸温度、ポリエチレン微多孔性フィルムの横延伸速度および倍率、
ポリエチレン微多孔性フィルムの熱処理工程での温度および時間、
ならびにポリエチレン微多孔性フィルムのリラックスゾーンでの弛緩率。
続いて、保護層について説明する。本発明の防水透湿布帛に用いられる保護層は、防水透湿布帛に十分な引張強度および十分な摩耗強度、適切な手触りなどの風合いならびに柔らかさを与えるものである。保護層として用いられる形状としては、織物、編物、不織布、紙などの繊維構造体が挙げられる。なかでも、コスト、引張強度や摩耗強度を優れたものとするため、不織布が好ましい。不織布としては、湿式不織布、レジンボンド式乾式不織布、サーマルボンド式乾式不織布、スパンボンド式乾式不織布、ニードルパンチ式乾式不織布、ウォータジェットパンチ式乾式不織紙布、メルトブロー不織布およびフラッシュ紡糸式乾式不織布があげられる。そのほか、目付や厚みが均一にできる抄紙法により製造された不織布も好ましく使用できる。なかでも、スパンボンド式乾式不織布が、コスト、引張強度や摩耗強度の面から好ましい。さらに、スパンボンド式乾式不織布とメルトブロー不織布とを組み合わせた不織布も好適に用いられる。
保護層とポリエチレン微多孔性フィルムとの接着に用いるホットメルト接着剤は、合成ゴム系ホットメルト接着剤、オレフィン系ホットメルト接着剤または複合ホットメルト接着剤である。これらのタイプの接着剤は防水透湿布帛の製造工程における保護層とポリエチレン微多孔性フィルムとの積層工程での接着力の発生が早い。
フェノール系リン系、硫黄系等の各種熱安定剤、紫外線吸収剤。
ホットメルト接着剤の低温性や凝集力を向上させるために、スチレン系エラストマー。
本発明の防水透湿布帛は、保護層とポリエチレン微多孔性フィルムとをホットメルト接着剤を介して積層したものであり、その防水透湿布帛は、含有する無極性の油分が一定量以下であり、含有する極性の油分が特定量の範囲である。
本発明の防水透湿布帛の透湿性は、防水透湿布帛を感染防護衣とした際に、優れた着用性を与えるために、透湿度が200g/m2・h以上、さらに250g/m2・h以上、またさらに300g/m2・h以上であることが好ましい。一方、バリア性をより優れたものとしたいため1000g/m2・h以下が好ましい。なお、透湿度はJIS L1099(2012)に記載のA-1法で評価を行う。透湿度は、ホットメルト接着剤の塗布量を調整することなどにより、ポリエチレン微多孔性フィルムがもつ透湿性を損なわずに、防水透湿布帛の透湿度を高く維持することができる。
(i)保護層/ポリエチレン微多孔性フィルム、
(ii)保護層/ポリエチレン微多孔性フィルム/保護層、
(iii)摩耗強度に優れた保護層/ポリエチレン微多孔性フィルム/引張強度および破裂強度に優れた保護層、
(iv)保護層/ポリエチレン微多孔性フィルム/ポリエチレン微多孔性フィルム/保護層、
(v)ポリエチレン微多孔性フィルム/保護層/ポリエチレン微多孔性フィルム/保護層。
本発明の防水透湿布帛法は、各種のホットメルト接着剤により保護層とポリエチレン微多孔性フィルムとを接着して得られる。一例としてポリプロピレンスパンボンド不織布を保護層とする場合の接着方法を以下説明する。
JIS T8060(2007)にしたがっておこなった。当該JISに記載の手順Aおよび手順Cに基づき、血液バリア性を測定し、手順Aおよび手順Cそれぞれで浸透およびぬれがない場合に合格とした。
JIS T8061(2010)にしたがって行った。当該JISに記載の手順A、および、手順C(設定圧力:3.5kPa(クラス3)、7kPa(クラス4)、14kPa(クラス5)および20kPa(クラス5))に基づき、ウィルスバリア性を測定し、手順Aおよび手順Cそれぞれでウイルスが検出されない場合に合格とした。
JIS L1099(2012)に記載のA-1法(塩化カルシウム法)に基づき、透湿度を測定した。単位g/m2・hである。
針進入速度を5mm/分とした以外はJIS Z1707(1997)に準じて23℃で測定した。サンプルが破膜したときに試料にかかっていた荷重を読み取り、試験前の試料の厚み(mm)で除した値を突刺強度(単位:N/mm)とした。測定は測定対象の試料に対し5回ずつ行い、その平均値を採用した。
ポリエチレン微多孔性フィルムの厚みは以下の測定方法で評価した。ダイヤルゲージ式厚み計(JIS B7503(1997)、PEACOCK製UPRIGHT DIAL GAUGE(0.001×2mm)、No.25、測定子10mmφ平型、50gf荷重)を用いて、厚み(μm)を測定した。測定は各サンプル10回ずつ行い、その平均値を採用した。
(株)島津製作所製、示差走査型熱量計DSC-60型を用い、試料約2mg、窒素中、昇温速度10℃/分、300℃の温度まで昇温させたときの最大融解吸熱ピーク温度を融点(Tm)とした。測定は各サンプル2回ずつ行い、その平均値を使用した。
JIS L1096(1999)の8.16.1項に記載のA法に基づき測定した。15cm×15cmの試験片を5枚採取した。ミューレン形破裂試験機を用い、試験片を上にして、しわ及びたるみを生じないように均一な張力を加えてクランプでつかみ圧力を加えてゴム膜が試験片を突き破る強度及び破断時のゴム膜だけの強度を測定した。次に次の式によって破裂強度を求め、その平均値を算出した。破裂強度が400N以上を合格、400N未満を不合格、と判定した。
BS :破裂強度(kPa)
A :ゴム膜が試験片を突き破る強度
B :破断時のゴム膜だけの強度。
JIS L1913(2010)の6.2項に基づいて測定した。試料から25cm×25cmの大きさの試験片を5枚採取し、その重さを測定し、平均値を求めた。その平均値を16倍し、単位面積当たりの質量(目付)(g/m2)とした。
JIS L 1913(2010)の6.3.1項に基づき測定した。幅50mm、長さ 300mmに切り出した試験片を、つかみ間隔200mm 、引張速度100mm/分の条件でサンプルの縦方向、横方向とも3個のサンプルについて定速伸長型引張試験機にて引張試験を行い、サンプルが破断するまで引っ張ったときの最大強力を引張強度、その時の伸び率を引張伸度とした。シート縦方向、横方向それぞれの平均値について算出し、縦方向、横方向の引張強度および引張伸度それぞれにおいて、低い方を引張強度(N/50mm)および引張伸度(%)とした。
JIS L1913(2010)の6.6.2項に基づき測定した。直径13cmの円形試験片を5枚採取し、各試験片の中心に直径約6mmの孔を開けた。テーバー形摩耗試験機を用い、試験片の表面を上にして荷重2.45N、摩耗輪(CS-10)を用い、約70min-1で100回回転させ試料を摩擦した。外観からJIS L1913(2010)の図14に記載の限度写真により級を判定した。摩耗強度が3級以上を合格、3級未満を不合格、と判定した。
JIS L 1092(2009)の7.1.1項に記載のB法に基づき測定した。試料から約150mm×150mmの試験片を5枚採取し、耐水度試験装置の表側に水があたるよう取り付け、シリンダに水を入れ、ピストンハンドルを回して1分間あたり100kPaの水圧上昇を与えて、試験片の裏側に3か所から水が出たときまたは防水・透湿材料が破裂した際の水圧(kPa)を測定し、5回の平均値を耐水圧とした。
JIS L 1089(2007)に記載の方法に準拠して測定した。接着された不織布とポリエチレン微多孔性フィルムとの界面で不織布を剥がしてきっかけを作り、万能試験機(島津製作所製オートグラフAG-IS)を用いて、幅50mm、長さ300mmの試験片を切り出した。次に、縦方向、横方向とも3個の試験片について、つかみ間隔50mm、引張速度150mm/分の条件にて定速伸長型引張試験機を用いてT字状(試験片の面に対し垂直方向の一方の方向に不織布を引っ張り、試験片の面に対し垂直方向の他方の方向に不織布を引っ張った。)に剥離させる剥離試験を行った。評価は、剥離するときに示す強度の極大値の大きいものから順次3個、小さいものから順次3個を採り、計6個の平均値を算出した。
防水透湿布帛(300mm×300mm)を温度50℃、湿度30%に設定した恒温恒湿機内に投入し24時間保持した後目視した。透明になっている部分があるものを不合格、透明になっていないものを合格と判断した。透明になることはホットメルト接着剤からのブリードが影響していることを意味する。
試料サイズ15cm×15cmの防水透湿布帛の試料を、キーエンス製VHX2000を用い、倍率25倍にて撮影した。解析ソフトの設定を「自動面積計測~抽出法(輝度)」とした。(13)項の試験で透明となっている部分が少しでも生じた防水透湿布帛については、しきい値-20に設定した。透明になっていない防水透湿布帛については、しきい値-30に設定した。そして防水透湿布帛の試料の透明化した部分の面積の比率を算出した。10枚の試料について、それぞれを10視野で測定し、その平均値を透明化した部分の面積比率とした。
防水透湿布布帛中の無極性の油分および極性の油分(ここで両者合わせて油分という)の含有量を以下の方法で定量した。防水透湿布帛を100mm×200mmに裁断した。裁断後の防水透湿布帛をn-ヘキサンにて6時間、ソックスレー抽出した。80±5℃でn-ヘキサンを蒸発させた後の不揮発性物質の質量を油分の質量とした。
無極性の油分の含有量(g/m2)=無極性の油分の質量(g)/防水透湿布帛の面積(0.02m2)
極性の油分の含有量(g/m2)=油分の含有量(g/m2)-無極性の油分の含有量(g/m2)。
溶解度パラメーター(SP値)は、次式から求められる値である。
ここで、△H:モル蒸発熱(cal)
V:モル体積(cm3)。
夏場の外気温を想定した30℃、50%Rhに設定した恒温恒湿室に、被験者がシャツ1枚、作業ズボン1枚の上から防水透湿布帛を用いて作製した感染防護衣を着用し、入室した。被験者は、胸の中心付近に熱電対をシャツの上から貼り付け、入室後の防護服内の温度を熱電対にて測定した。これを3人の被験者に対して実施した。3人の被験者のデータをそれぞれ“タイベックソフトウェアIII型”(“タイベック”は登録商標(旭・デュポンフラッシュスパンプロダクツ(株))の防護服と比較して、30分後の防護服内の湿度が10%以上低いものを良好、平均湿度差が10%未満のものを不良と評価した。
防水透湿布帛(50mm×300mm)を温度50℃、湿度30%に設定した恒温恒湿機内に投入し24時間保持した後、(12)剥離強度の項目に記載の方法にて、防水透湿布帛の加温試験後の剥離強度を評価した。温度を50℃から60℃に変更した以外は上記と同様の方法にて、防水透湿布帛の加温試験後の剥離強度も評価した。
防水透湿布帛(15cm×15cm)を温度50℃、湿度30%に設定した恒温恒湿機内に投入し24時間保持した後、上記「(14)防水透湿布帛の透明化した部分の面積比率」の欄に記載の方法にて、防水透湿布帛の加温試験後の透明化部分の面積比率を評価した。
撥水/撥アルコール性は、INDA Standard Test for Water/Alcohol Repellency Test Metthod,IST80.6-92に従い測定した。表1に示す割合のイソプロピルアルコール(IPA)と水との混合液(約50μl)をスポイトで試験片上に滴下し、直径が約5mmの液滴を作成した。この液滴を5滴作成し、5分間放置した後、液滴の形状を目視観察し、液体の侵入も部分的な吸収も認められない場合を合格とし、試験片に試験液が侵入しなかった最大の番号を試験結果とした。評点が高いほど反発率が高いことを示す。
JIS T 8030A法(2008)に基づき評価を行った。装置は、JIS T 8030A法の図2に開示された開放回路系透過試験装置、透過テストセルはJIS T 8030A法の図C.1に開示されたものを使用した。耐透過性の分類は、JIS T 8115(2015)の表5に開示された透過速度に基づく破過時間から分類した。クラス1以上を合格とし、クラス1未満を不合格とした。
(22)ポリエチレン微多孔性フィルムの厚み、および微多孔層の厚み
走査型電子顕微鏡(SEM)を用いて次の条件でポリエチレン微多孔性フィルムの断面を撮影した。前処理は、フィルムが溶けないようにするため冷却条件で行った。
・装置:SU8010(日立ハイテクノロジーズ製)
・導電処理:あり
・前処理装置:日本電子製 IB-19520CCP
・観察電圧:1.0kV
・倍率:1000倍。
i)ポリエチレン微多孔性フィルムの厚み方向存在する孔のうち最もポリエチレン微多孔性フィルムの一方の表面側に配置された孔を認識する。
ii)認識した孔を通じる厚み方向の直線を想像する。
iii)その直線上にあり、前に認識した孔とは別の面に最も近い孔を認識する。
iv)i)で認識した孔とiii)で認識した孔との距離をこの領域における微多孔層の厚みとする。
(23)ポリエチレン微多孔性フィルムの空孔率
以下の式を用いて空孔率を求めた。
空孔率(%)=100×(w2-w1)/w2
ここで、w1:微多孔性フィルムの質量
w2:微多孔性フィルムと同じポリエチレンが使用され、微多孔性フィルムと同じ長さ、幅および厚さを有する非多孔性フィルムの質量
<ホットメルト接着剤>
(A)ホットメルト接着剤A(複合ホットメルト接着剤)
鉱油(流動パラフィン)8質量%、合成ゴム(SEBS(ポリスチレン-ポリエチレン/ポリブチレン-ポリスチレン))20質量%、粘着付与剤(水素化テルペン樹脂)40質量%、粘着付与剤(石油系炭化水素樹脂)20質量%およびオレフィン樹脂(ポリブテン)12質量%を含有する。温度140℃における溶融粘度(ブルックフィールド粘度)は14000mPa・sである。軟化点は97℃である。
鉱油(流動パラフィン)10質量%、合成ゴム(SBS(ポリスチレン-ポリブタジエン-ポリスチレン))30質量%、粘着付与剤(水素化テルペン樹脂)35質量%および粘着付与剤(石油系炭化水素樹脂)25質量%を含有する。温度140℃における溶融粘度(ブルックフィールド粘度)は14000mPa・sである。軟化点は104℃である。
鉱油(流動パラフィン)20質量%、合成ゴム(SBS(ポリスチレン-ポリブタジエン-ポリスチレン))20質量%および粘着付与剤(石油系炭化水素樹脂)60質量%を含有する。温度140℃における溶融粘度(ブルックフィールド粘度)4000mPa・sである。軟化点は82℃である。
鉱油(流動パラフィン)5質量%、粘着付与剤(石油系炭化水素樹脂)40質量%およびオレフィン樹脂(ポリブテン)45質量%、オレフィン樹脂(ポリプロピレン)10質量%を含有する。温度150℃における溶融粘度(ブルックフィールド粘度)7000mPa・s軟化点は122℃である。
ポリエチレン微多孔性フィルムA:厚み14μm。融点137℃。微多孔の孔径32μm。透湿度380g/m2・h。引張強度(タテ)40N/50mm、引張強度(ヨコ)40N/50mm、引張伸度(タテ)10%、引張伸度(ヨコ)8%。耐水圧65kP。突刺強度370N/mm、ウイルスバリア性は手順Aで合格する。血液バリア性は手順Aで合格する。)
<保護層>
(A)不織布A:ポリプロピレンスパンボンド(目付40g/m2。厚み0.2mm。融点165℃。引張強力:58N/50mm。破裂強度:500kPa。摩耗強度:4.5級)
(B)不織布B:ポリプロピレン・ポリエチレン芯鞘スパンボンド(目付30g/m2。厚み0.2mm。融点130℃と165℃。引張強力:50N/50mm。破裂強度:450kPa。摩耗強度:4.5級)。
合成ゴム系ホットメルト接着剤、オレフィン系ホットメルト接着剤または複合ホットメルト接着剤(以下、これらをホットメルト接着剤と言うことがある)を用いた保護層とポリエチレン微多孔性フィルムとの接着方法は、カーテンスプレーにてホットメルト接着剤を保護層の片面上に1~5g/m2となるように塗布して、その保護層の面にポリエチレン微多孔性フィルムを貼り合せた。
実施例および比較例で作製された防水透湿布帛を、型紙に合わせて切り出した。切り出した防水透湿布帛を超音波にて縫製し、感染防護衣を作製した。
ホットメルト接着剤Aをカーテンスプレー法にて、第一の不織布Aの片面に、塗布量2.5g/m2、塗布温度140℃、加工速度30m/分の条件で塗工した。第一の不織布Aのホットメルト接着剤Aを塗布した面をポリエチレン微多孔性フィルムAとを貼り合わせた。次いで、第二の不織布Aの片面にホットメルト接着剤Aを上で説明した条件で塗工した後、第二の不織布Aのホットメルト接着剤Aを塗布した面と第一の不織布Aが貼り合わされたポリエチレン微多孔性フィルムAの面とを貼り合わせた。その後、この材料を、エアー温度160℃、加工速度30m/分、ニップ圧ゼロで熱処理して、第一の不織布A/ポリエチレン微多孔性フィルムA/第二の不織布Aの構成の防水透湿布帛を得た。 この防水透湿布帛300mm×300mmを50℃の恒温恒湿機内にて24時間保持して取り出した。目視でブリードの影響が見られず、透明化した部分の面積比率は0.6%であった。油分の量は4.1g/m2、無極性の油分量は0.6g/m2、極性の油分量は3.5g/m2であった。本防水透湿布帛のウイルスバリア性は、手順Aおよび手順C(設定圧力20kPa)で合格した。また、血液バリア性は、手順Aおよび手順Cで合格していた。
ホットメルト接着剤Bをカーテンスプレー法にて、第一の不織布Aの片面に塗布量2.5g/m2、塗布温度140℃、加工速度30m/分の条件で塗工(した。その不織布Aのホットメルト接着剤Bを塗布した面とポリエチレン微多孔性フィルムAの面とを接着した。次いで、同条件にて第二の不織布Aの片面に上で説明した条件でホットメルト接着剤Bを塗布した後、その不織布Aのホットメルト接着剤Bを塗布した面と、第一の不織布Aが貼り合わされたポリエチレン微多孔性フィルムA面とを貼り合わせた。その後、この材料を、エアー温度160℃、加工速度30m/分、ニップ圧はゼロNで熱処理して、第一の不織布A/ポリエチレン微多孔性フィルムA/第二の不織布Aの構成の防水透湿布帛を得た。
保護層を不織布Aから不織布Bに変更した以外は、実施例2に示す条件と同様の条件にて、第一の不織布B/ポリエチレン微多孔性フィルムA/第二の不織布Bの構成の防水透湿布帛を得た。
接着剤の塗付量を2.5g/m2から1.0g/m2、に変更した以外は、実施例1と同じ条件にて、第一の不織布A/ポリエチレン微多孔性フィルムB/第二の不織布Aの構成の防水透湿布帛を得た。
ホットメルト接着剤Dをカーテンスプレー法にて、第一の不織布Aの片面に塗布量1.0g/m2、塗布温度150℃、加工速度30m/分塗工した。その不織布Aのホットメルト接着剤Dを塗布した面とポリエチレン微多孔性フィルムAの面とを接着した。次いで、第二の不織布Aの片面に、上で説明した条件でホットメルト接着剤Dを塗布した。その不織布Aのホットメルト接着剤Dを塗布した面と第一の不織布Aが貼り合わされたポリエチレン微多孔性フィルムAの面とを貼り合わせた。その後、エアー温度は160℃、ニップ圧はゼロN、加工速度は30m/分の条件で熱処理して、第一の不織布A/ポリエチレン微多孔性フィルムA/第二の不織布Aの構成の防水透湿布帛を得た。
実施例1で用いたホットメルト接着剤Aを、ホットメルト接着剤Cとした以外は、実施例1と同様の方法で、第一の不織布A)/ポリエチレン微多孔性フィルムA/第二の不織布Aの構成の防水透湿布帛を得た。
接着剤の塗付量を2.5g/m2から5.0g/m2、に変更した以外は、実施例2に示す条件と同様の条件にて、第一の不織布A/ポリエチレン微多孔性フィルムB/第二の不織布Aの構成の防水透湿布帛を得た。
防水透湿布帛の構成等を表2に示す。
Claims (4)
- 保護層とポリエチレン微多孔性フィルムとが、合成ゴム系ホットメルト接着剤、オレフィン系ホットメルト接着剤または複合ホットメルト接着剤を介して積層している防水透湿布帛であって、
無極性の油分の含有量が2g/m2以下でありかつ
極性の油分の含有量が0.01g/m2以上、6g/m2以下である防水透湿布帛。 - ポリエチレン微多孔性フィルムが、次の(イ)~(ニ)を満たす請求項1の防水透湿布帛。
(イ)透湿度が200g/m2・h以上である。
(ロ)引張強度が20N/5cm以上である。
(ハ)引張伸度が5%以上80%以下である。
(ニ)耐水圧が30kPa以上である。 - ウイルスバリア性がJIS T8061(2010)手順Aまたは手順C(クラス3、3.5kPa)の試験に合格し、
血液バリア性がJIS T8060(2007)手順Aまたは手順Cの試験に合格する請求項1または2の防水透湿布帛。 - 請求項1~3のいずれかの防水透湿布帛を用いた感染防護衣。
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JP2016557340A JP6057044B1 (ja) | 2015-04-28 | 2016-04-27 | 防水透湿布帛および感染防護衣 |
KR1020177029719A KR20170139525A (ko) | 2015-04-28 | 2016-04-27 | 방수 투습 포백 및 감염 방호 의복 |
US15/567,811 US10562264B2 (en) | 2015-04-28 | 2016-04-27 | Waterproof moisture-permeable fabric and infection protective garment |
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CN111172758A (zh) * | 2020-03-02 | 2020-05-19 | 苏州天华超净科技股份有限公司 | 医用防护面料及其制备方法与应用 |
CN113306242A (zh) * | 2021-06-30 | 2021-08-27 | 北京方圣天润科技有限公司 | 一种防护服面料及其加工工艺、及防护服 |
WO2023017784A1 (ja) * | 2021-08-10 | 2023-02-16 | 帝人株式会社 | 積層膜 |
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JP6463736B2 (ja) * | 2013-05-17 | 2019-02-06 | ホリスター・インコーポレイテッドHollister Incorporated | 生分解性臭気バリアフィルム |
JP2021532288A (ja) * | 2018-07-31 | 2021-11-25 | ダブリュ.エル.ゴア アンド アソシエイツ, インコーポレイティドW.L. Gore & Associates, Incorporated | ポリエチレンフィルム |
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CN112716069A (zh) * | 2021-01-06 | 2021-04-30 | 江苏阳光医用新材料有限公司 | 一种耐多次消毒的防护服及其制作方法 |
CN112918052A (zh) * | 2021-01-28 | 2021-06-08 | 江苏厚生新能源科技有限公司 | 一种防紫外线辐射的聚乙烯面料及其制备方法 |
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