CN113306242A - 一种防护服面料及其加工工艺、及防护服 - Google Patents

一种防护服面料及其加工工艺、及防护服 Download PDF

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CN113306242A
CN113306242A CN202110735706.2A CN202110735706A CN113306242A CN 113306242 A CN113306242 A CN 113306242A CN 202110735706 A CN202110735706 A CN 202110735706A CN 113306242 A CN113306242 A CN 113306242A
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layer
main body
fabric
protective clothing
barrier layer
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金硕
许亦农
肖春
郑华辉
金志荣
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Beijing Fangsheng Tianrun Technology Co ltd
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Beijing Fangsheng Tianrun Technology Co ltd
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    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/024—Woven fabric
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    • A41—WEARING APPAREL
    • A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
    • A41D31/00—Materials specially adapted for outerwear
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A41—WEARING APPAREL
    • A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
    • A41D31/00—Materials specially adapted for outerwear
    • A41D31/04—Materials specially adapted for outerwear characterised by special function or use
    • A41D31/08—Heat resistant; Fire retardant
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A41—WEARING APPAREL
    • A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
    • A41D31/00—Materials specially adapted for outerwear
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    • A41D31/10—Impermeable to liquids, e.g. waterproof; Liquid-repellent
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A41D31/00—Materials specially adapted for outerwear
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
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    • B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
    • B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/245—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it being a foam layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06B—TREATING TEXTILE MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS, GASES OR VAPOURS
    • D06B21/00—Successive treatments of textile materials by liquids, gases or vapours
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06B—TREATING TEXTILE MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS, GASES OR VAPOURS
    • D06B23/00—Component parts, details, or accessories of apparatus or machines, specially adapted for the treating of textile materials, not restricted to a particular kind of apparatus, provided for in groups D06B1/00 - D06B21/00
    • D06B23/20—Arrangements of apparatus for treating processing-liquids, -gases or -vapours, e.g. purification, filtration or distillation
    • D06B23/22—Arrangements of apparatus for treating processing-liquids, -gases or -vapours, e.g. purification, filtration or distillation for heating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
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    • B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
    • B32B2262/0253—Polyolefin fibres
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    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
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    • B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
    • B32B2262/0261—Polyamide fibres
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    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
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    • B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
    • B32B2262/0276—Polyester fibres
    • B32B2262/0284—Polyethylene terephthalate [PET] or polybutylene terephthalate [PBT]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
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    • B32B2307/20—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular electrical or magnetic properties, e.g. piezoelectric
    • B32B2307/21—Anti-static
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    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
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    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70—Other properties
    • B32B2307/714—Inert, i.e. inert to chemical degradation, corrosion
    • B32B2307/7145—Rot proof, resistant to bacteria, mildew, mould, fungi
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  • Professional, Industrial, Or Sporting Protective Garments (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

本发明提供了一种防护服面料及其加工工艺、及防护服，涉及防护用品技术领域，以解决现有技术中存在的防护服的面料通常采用层压或覆膜处理，易造成厚重且透气、透湿性差，长期穿着不利于排汗排热的技术问题，该面料包括主体层以及连接于主体层上的阻隔层，其中：主体层的组织结构采用斜纹纹路并且主体层的内部纺织有抗静电丝；阻隔层包括孔径为0.15μm‑0.2μm的微孔薄膜，用于允许孔径为0.0003μm‑0.0004μm的水蒸气透过，不允许孔径为20μm‑100μm的水滴透过，本发明用于在保证防护性能的前提下，尽量透湿量高、单位面积质量小、质地轻柔且无皮肤刺激性，且具有良好的外观，优越的抗撕裂，抗断裂强力，为穿着者提供舒适的使用体验。

Description

一种防护服面料及其加工工艺、及防护服
技术领域
本发明涉及防护用品技术领域，尤其是涉及一种防护服面料及其加工工艺、及防护服。
背景技术
防护服能够有效阻止含有各种致病微生物病原体及毒素的颗粒物或者液滴的沾染和渗透，防护服内的人体进行有效地防护装备，能够为穿着者躯干、手臂和腿部提供安全可靠的防护保障。
本申请人发现现有技术至少存在以下技术问题：
防护服的面料通常采用层压或覆膜处理，易造成厚重且透气、透湿性差，长期穿着不利于排汗排热。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供防护服面料及其加工工艺、及防护服，以解决现有技术中存在的防护服的面料通常采用层压或覆膜处理，易造成厚重且透气、透湿性差，长期穿着不利于排汗排热的技术问题。本发明提供的诸多技术方案中的优选技术方案所能产生的诸多技术效果详见下文阐述。
为实现上述目的，本发明提供了以下技术方案：
本发明提供的一种防护服面料，包括主体层以及连接于所述主体层上的阻隔层，其中：
所述主体层的组织结构采用斜纹纹路并且所述主体层的内部纺织有抗静电丝；
所述阻隔层包括孔径为0.15μm-0.2μm的微孔薄膜，用于允许孔径为0.0003μm-0.0004μm的水蒸气透过，不允许孔径为20μm-100μm的水滴透过。
优选地，所述阻隔层设置为包括至少一层，所述阻隔层之间、所述阻隔层与所述主体层之间均通过连接层连接。
优选地，所述阻隔层设置为包括第一阻隔层和第二阻隔层，所述第一阻隔层通过所述连接层连接于所述主体层的一侧，所述第二阻隔层通过所述连接层连接于所述主体层的另一侧。
优选地，所述主体层的纱线采用聚四氟乙烯纤维丝、涤纶丝或芳纶丝中的一种或几种，所述主体层至少包括防水剂层和阻燃剂层。
优选地，所述主体层的纱线采用100D的涤纶丝。
优选地，所述主体层还包括着色层，染料均匀分布于所述着色层内。
优选地，所述阻隔层采用PTFE膜，所述连接层的内部设置有阻燃结构。
一种防护服面料的加工工艺，用于加工上述的防护服面料，包括如下步骤：
S1：面料精炼，加入精炼剂，精炼温度为90-100度，时间为至少20-40分钟；
S2：染色，温度为130-140度，时间为2-3小时；
S3：洗涤，加入皂洗剂，洗涤时间为0.5小时；
S4：定型，加入防水剂和阻燃剂进行定型，定型温度为185-195度；
S5：贴PTFE膜，采用阻燃胶水贴膜加工，温度为135度；
S6：老化，老化时间至少24小时。
优选地，步骤S1中，面料精炼采用浓度为3g/L的精炼剂以及浓度为5g/L的氢氧化钠溶液，精炼温度90度，精炼时间30分钟；
步骤S2中，染色的温度采用135度，时间为2.5小时；
步骤S3中，采用皂洗剂洗涤三次，皂洗剂的浓度为5g/L；
步骤S4中，防水剂的浓度为20g/L，阻燃剂的浓度为40g/L。
一种防护服，包括上述的防护服面料。
本发明提供的防护服面料及其加工工艺、及防护服，包括主体层以及连接于主体层上的阻隔层，主体层的组织结构采用斜纹纹路并且主体层的内部纺织有抗静电丝，通过主体层的组织结构采用斜纹纹路，更加柔软、且立体感强、光泽度和弹性均较好，配合主体层的内部纺织有抗静电丝，使主体层织物具有抗静电性。阻隔层包括孔径为0.15μm-0.2μm的微孔薄膜，用于允许孔径为0.0003μm-0.0004μm的水蒸气透过，不允许孔径为20μm-100μm的水滴透过，能够有效阻隔病原微生物和生物气溶胶的侵入，因此具有良好的防护性、防水性和透气性。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1是本发明防护服面料一实施例的结构示意图；
图2是本发明防护服面料的主体层的内部放大结构示意图；
图3是本发明防护服面料的主体层的内部结构示意图；
图4是本发明防护服面料的层结构示意图。
图中：1、主体层；2、阻隔层；3、连接层；11、抗静电丝；12、涤纶丝；13、着色层；14、防水剂层；15、阻燃剂层。
具体实施方式
为使本发明的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将对本发明的技术方案进行详细的描述。显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动的前提下所得到的所有其它实施方式，都属于本发明所保护的范围。
本发明提供了一种防护服面料，图1是本实施例的结构示意图，如图1所示，包括主体层1以及连接于主体层1上的阻隔层2。
图2是本实施例主体层的结构示意图，如图2所示，主体层1的组织结构采用斜纹纹路并且主体层1的内部纺织有抗静电丝11，通过主体层1的组织结构采用斜纹纹路，使织物正反同样具有饱满清晰的纹路，更加柔软、且立体感强、光泽度和弹性均较好，配合主体层1的内部纺织有抗静电丝11，使主体层织物具有抗静电性。
阻隔层2包括孔径为0.15μm-0.2μm的微孔薄膜，用于允许孔径为0.0003μm-0.0004μm的水蒸气透过，不允许孔径为20μm-100μm的水滴透过，能够有效阻隔病原微生物和生物气溶胶的侵入，因此具有良好的防护性、防水性和透气性。
作为可选地实施方式，阻隔层2设置为包括至少一层，阻隔层2之间、阻隔层2与主体层1之间均通过连接层3连接，在实际的生产和制作过程中，可以根据实际的需要，设计阻隔层2为一层或者多层，通过连接层3置于主体层1的一侧或者两侧，以满足不同的使用需求。
本实施例中，阻隔层2设置为包括第一阻隔层和第二阻隔层，第一阻隔层通过连接层3连接于主体层1的一侧，第二阻隔层通过连接层3连接于主体层1的另一侧。具体地，采用正反两面分别设置第一阻隔层和第二阻隔层，既能够提升面料的阻隔性，又能够有效降低成品的克重，同时可避免极端情况下外层阻隔层破坏而导致防护服直接失去防护功能的风险。
作为可选地实施方式，主体层1的纱线采用聚四氟乙烯纤维丝、涤纶丝或芳纶丝中的一种或几种，主体层1至少包括防水剂层14和阻燃剂层15。主体层采用高分子复合材料，结合组织结构采用斜纹纹路，以及纱线上设置防水剂层和阻燃剂层，面料的化学稳定性、抗撕裂和断裂强力均能满足使用需求，且同时具有优秀的阻燃、抗污、抗静电性。
作为可选地实施方式，图3是本实施例中主体层的内部结构示意图，如图3所示，主体层的纱线采用100D的涤纶丝12，选用的全聚酯面料，具有抗皱性强，易打理，洗后不变形的特性，结合组织结构采用斜纹纹路，并且采用100D长丝纤维，赋予面料优越的化学稳定性以及更高的抗撕裂和断裂强力，且同时具有优秀的阻燃、抗污、抗静电性。
作为可选地实施方式，图4是本实施例层结构示意图，如图4所示，纱线上还包括着色层13，染料均匀分布于着色层13内，为此防护服面料均匀染色，提高面料的光泽度，使面料更加美观、实用。
作为可选地实施方式，阻隔层2采用PTFE膜，本实施例中，PTEE膜采用以聚四氟乙烯为原料，经压延、挤出和双向拉伸制成的微孔性薄膜，此薄膜的平均孔径0.2μm，能够有效阻隔病原微生物和生物气溶胶的侵入，仅允许孔径为0.0003μm-0.0004μm的水蒸气通过，但不允许孔径为20μm-100μm的水滴通过，因此具有良好的防护性、防水性和透气性。连接层3的内部设置有阻燃结构，本实施例中，连接层3采用阻燃胶。
一种防护服面料的加工工艺，包括面料精炼、染色、洗涤、定型、贴PTEE膜、老化等步骤。
实施例一：
面料纱线采用100D的涤纶丝，面料的内部纺织有抗静电丝11。具体地，面料精炼步骤中，采用浓度为3g/L的精炼剂以及浓度为5g/L的氢氧化钠溶液，精炼温度为90度，时间为30分钟；染色步骤中，温度设置为135度，时间为2.5小时；洗涤步骤中，采用三遍水洗加皂洗，皂洗剂的浓度为5g/L，洗涤时间为0.5小时；定型步骤中，定型的温度为190度，加入防水剂的浓度为20g/L，阻燃剂的浓度为40g/L，定型速度为20m/min；贴PTFE膜步骤中，温度为135度，采用阻燃胶水对面料两侧均贴膜加工；老化时间为24小时。
其中：精炼剂、皂洗剂、防水剂等均为市面现有的产品，在此不做具体限定。
采用上述面料加工工艺制成的面料经检测，克重为152g/m2，满足克重≤195g/m2的指标要求；透湿量为5510，满足透湿量≥2500的指标要求；断裂强力，纵向为1500N，横向为667N，满足径向≥45N，纬向≥45N的指标要求；断裂伸长率纵向为36，横向为28.5，满足纵向≥15，横向≥15的指标要求；撕裂强力，纵向为260N，横向为110N，满足≥60N的指标要求；耐磨性为533次，满足≥500次的指标要求；抗渗水性，多次实验结果均为＞20.0kPa，满足指标要求；液体穿透性，甲醇为6级(＞35kPa)，30％氢氧化钠为6级(>35kPa)，96％硫酸为6级(>35kPa)，阻干态微生物以及阻湿态微生物指标均合格。经典衰减性能最大值为0.01，满足≤0.5的指标要求，抗合成血液穿透性为6满足≥2的指标要求；抗湿细菌穿透性、抗干细菌穿透性、表面抗湿性等指标均合格，非油性颗粒物过滤效率、电荷密度、阻燃性均符合国家标准。
实施例二：
面料纱线采用100D的聚四氟乙烯纤维丝，面料的内部纺织有抗静电丝11，具体地，面料精炼步骤中，采用浓度为3g/L的精炼剂以及浓度为5g/L的氢氧化钠溶液，精炼温度为90度，时间为30分钟；染色步骤中，温度设置为135度，时间为2.5小时；洗涤步骤中，采用三遍水洗加皂洗，皂洗剂的浓度为5g/L，洗涤时间为0.5小时；定型步骤中，定型的温度为190度，加入防水剂的浓度为20g/L，阻燃剂的浓度为40g/L，定型速度为20m/min；贴PTFE膜步骤中，温度为135度，采用阻燃胶水对面料两侧均贴膜加工；老化时间为24小时。
采用上述面料加工工艺制成的面料经检测，克重、透湿量、断裂强力、断裂伸长率、撕裂强力、耐磨性、抗渗水性、液体穿透性、阻干态微生物以及阻湿态微生物指标均合格、抗合成血液穿透性、抗湿细菌穿透性、抗干细菌穿透性、表面抗湿性等指标均合格，非油性颗粒物过滤效率、电荷密度、阻燃性均符合国家标准。
实施例三：
面料纱线采用100D的聚四氟乙烯纤维丝12和100D的涤纶丝12，面料的内部纺织有抗静电丝11，具体地，面料精炼步骤中，采用浓度为3g/L的精炼剂以及浓度为5g/L的氢氧化钠溶液，精炼温度为90度，时间为30分钟；染色步骤中，温度设置为135度，时间为2.5小时；洗涤步骤中，采用三遍水洗加皂洗，皂洗剂的浓度为5g/L，洗涤时间为0.5小时；定型步骤中，定型的温度为190度，加入防水剂的浓度为20g/L，阻燃剂的浓度为40g/L，定型速度为20m/min；贴PTFE膜步骤中，温度为135度，采用阻燃胶水对面料贴膜加工；老化时间为24小时。
采用上述面料加工工艺制成的面料经检测，克重、透湿量、断裂强力、断裂伸长率、撕裂强力、耐磨性、抗渗水性、液体穿透性、阻干态微生物以及阻湿态微生物指标均合格、抗合成血液穿透性、抗湿细菌穿透性、抗干细菌穿透性、表面抗湿性等指标均合格，非油性颗粒物过滤效率、电荷密度、阻燃性均符合国家标准。
一种防护服，包括上述的防护服面料，主体面料的机械强度、生物阻隔性、液体阻隔性、气密性、耐磨性、阻燃性和抗静电性等指标应符合相关标准要求，能够为穿着者躯干、手臂和腿部提供安全可靠的防护保障，有效阻止含有各种致病微生物病原体及毒素的颗粒物或者液滴的沾染和渗透，并且在保证防护性能的前提下，透湿量高、单位面积质量小、质地轻柔且无皮肤刺激性，为穿着者提供舒适的使用体验。
以上所述，仅为本发明的具体实施方式，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。因此，本发明的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (10)

1.一种防护服面料，其特征在于：包括主体层以及连接于所述主体层上的阻隔层，其中：
所述主体层的组织结构采用斜纹纹路并且所述主体层的内部纺织有抗静电丝；
所述阻隔层包括孔径为0.15μm-0.2μm的微孔薄膜，用于允许孔径为0.0003μm-0.0004μm的水蒸气透过，不允许孔径为20μm-100μm的水滴透过。
2.根据权利要求1所述的防护服面料，其特征在于：所述阻隔层设置为包括至少一层，所述阻隔层之间、所述阻隔层与所述主体层之间均通过连接层连接。
3.根据权利要求2所述的防护服面料，其特征在于：所述阻隔层设置为包括第一阻隔层和第二阻隔层，所述第一阻隔层通过所述连接层连接于所述主体层的一侧，所述第二阻隔层通过所述连接层连接于所述主体层的另一侧。
4.根据权利要求1-3任一所述的防护服面料，其特征在于：所述主体层的纱线采用聚四氟乙烯纤维丝、涤纶丝或芳纶丝中的一种或几种，所述主体层至少包括防水剂层和阻燃剂层。
5.根据权利要求4所述的防护服面料，其特征在于：所述主体层的纱线采100D的涤纶丝。
6.根据权利要求5所述的防护服面料，其特征在于：所述主体层还包括着色层，染料均匀分布于所述着色层内。
7.根据权利要求2或3所述的防护服面料，其特征在于：所述阻隔层采用PTFE膜，所述连接层的内部设置有阻燃结构。
8.一种防护服面料的加工工艺，用于加工权利要求1-7任一所述的防护服面料，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：
S1：面料精炼，加入精炼剂，精炼温度为90-100度，时间为至少20-40分钟；
S2：染色，温度为130-140度，时间为2-3小时；
S3：洗涤，加入皂洗剂，洗涤时间为0.5小时；
S4：定型，加入防水剂和阻燃剂进行定型，定型温度为185-195度；
S5：贴PTFE膜，采用阻燃胶水贴膜加工，温度为135度；
S6：老化，老化时间至少24小时。
9.根据权利要求8所述的防护服面料的加工工艺，其特征在于：
步骤S1中，面料精炼采用浓度为3g/L的精炼剂以及浓度为5g/L的氢氧化钠溶液，精炼温度90度，精炼时间30分钟；
步骤S2中，染色的温度采用135度，时间为2.5小时；
步骤S3中，采用皂洗剂洗涤三次，皂洗剂的浓度为5g/L；
步骤S4中，防水剂的浓度为20g/L，阻燃剂的浓度为40g/L。
10.一种防护服，其特征在于，包括权利要求1-7任一所述的防护服面料。
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