CN113796605B - 一种耐多次洗消的医用防护服面料及防护服 - Google Patents

一种耐多次洗消的医用防护服面料及防护服 Download PDF

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CN113796605B
CN113796605B CN202110829676.1A CN202110829676A CN113796605B CN 113796605 B CN113796605 B CN 113796605B CN 202110829676 A CN202110829676 A CN 202110829676A CN 113796605 B CN113796605 B CN 113796605B
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fabric
fiber
decontamination
medical protective
protective clothing
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CN113796605A (zh
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周永洪
李飞
陈倩
王馨婕
吴烈国
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Swoto Protection and Technology Co Ltd
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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Abstract

本发明提供一种耐多次洗消的医用防护服面料，由外层面料、夹层面料和里层面料三层结构组成，夹层面料通过液态胶黏剂涂覆于无纺布形成的复合基布上，固化聚乙烯树脂，其中丙烯酸酯共聚乳液25‑45wt％，聚乙烯树脂55‑75wt％，里层面料为细绒棉/聚乳酸纤维混纺纱线制成的平纹组织，其中细绒棉/聚乳酸纤维混纺纱线的细绒棉和聚乳酸纤维的混纺比为39‑45wt％：55‑61wt％，经过抗氧化处理的外层面料为芳纶纤维与棉纤维纺织物，芳纶纤维和棉纤维的混纺比为15‑30wt％：70‑85wt％。本发明还提供一种适于多次洗消，达15次以上，仍能保持各项性能指标的一种医用防护服。

Description

一种耐多次洗消的医用防护服面料及防护服
技术领域
本发明涉及防护面料技术领域，具体涉及一种耐多次洗消的医用防护服面料及防护服。
背景技术
医用防护服是指医务人员及进入特定医药卫生区域的人群所使用的防护性服装，医用防护服的作用是隔离病菌、有害超细粉尘、酸碱性溶液、电磁辐射等，保证人员的安全和保持环境清洁。但是现有技术中的医用防护服普遍存在防水性较差的问题，从而导致医护人员在使用时病人的血液，或手术时的消毒水、冲洗液等液体穿透过医用防护服，污染到医务工作者，从而影响医护人员的正常工作。
无纺布又称不织布，是由定向的或随机的纤维而构成。因具有布的外观和某些性能而称其为布。无纺布具有防潮、透气、柔韧、质轻、不助燃、容易分解、无毒无刺激性、色彩丰富、价格低廉、可循环再用等特点。如多采用聚丙烯粒料为原料，经高温熔融、喷丝、铺纲、热压卷取连续一步法生产而成，无纺布是一种非织造布，它是直接利用高聚物切片、短纤维或长丝将纤维通过气流或机械成网，然后经过水刺，针刺，或热轧加固，最后经过后整理形成的无编织的布料。具有柔软、透气和平面结构的新型纤维制品，优点是不产生纤维屑，强韧、耐用、丝般柔软，也是增强材料的一种，而且还有棉质的感觉，和棉织品相比，无纺布的袋子容易成形，而且造价便宜。但是，目前市场上多数的无纺布透气性能不高，难以满足市场的需求，并且传统的无纺布防水性能比较差，在湿度较大或者淋水的情况下会极大地影响无纺布的后续使用。专利号201810649709.2公开了一种用于医用防护服高透气性无纺布，其原料按重量份包括：腈纶纤维40-55份、聚丙烯腈纤维22-34份、纤维素酯纤维8.5-13份、弹性纤维18-27份、粘胶纤维4-8份、添加剂6-12份、温石棉1-3份，该发明制备的无纺布具有优异的透气性能。
我国正处在工业化、信息化、城镇化加速发展阶段，面临的资源和环境形势非常严重，为缓解地球资源越来越少的严重问题，国家出台了大力发展循环经济的宏观政策，要求转变经济增长方式，建设资源节约型和环境友好型社会，资源综合利用将是我国经济社会发展中一项长远的战略方针和技术经济政策。因此，石油、水等资源应在现有技术允许的情况下最大限度地高效循环利用，对于石油资源等行业而言，对医用防护服持久循环使用就是节约资源。因此，对无纺布进行性能改进，获得一种能够多次洗消仍能保持性能，是本领域技术人员亟待解决的主要难题之一。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于，克服现有技术中存在的缺陷，提供一种适于多次洗消，仍能满足设定指标的一种医用防护服以及用于所述医用防护服的面料。
为实现上述目的，本发明的技术方案是一种耐多次洗消的医用防护服面料，由外层面料、夹层面料和里层面料三层结构组成，夹层面料采用的制作方法为配制聚乙烯树脂油性分散液，丙烯酸酯共聚乳的碱溶液加入到油性分散液中，获得液态胶黏剂；无纺布层夹在两层锦纶纤维纺织层之间，形成复合基布，将液态胶黏剂涂覆于复合基布的至少一面，对复合基布施加压力，在施加压力过程中，加热固化聚乙烯树脂，其中丙烯酸酯共聚乳液25-45wt％，聚乙烯树脂55-75wt％，酸洗、水洗干燥后得夹层面料；里层面料为细绒棉/聚乳酸纤维混纺纱线制成的平纹组织，其中细绒棉/聚乳酸纤维混纺纱线的细绒棉和聚乳酸纤维的混纺比为39-45wt％：55-61wt％；外层面料为芳纶纤维与棉纤维纺织物，芳纶纤维和棉纤维的混纺比为15-30wt％：70-85wt％，所述外层面料经过抗氧化处理。
配制聚乙烯树脂油性分散液，在本发明的一种优选实施例中油性成分为甲醇、乙醇、二氧六环、异丙醇、乙二醇、氯苯、二氯甲烷、氯仿、乙腈、乙酸乙酯、丙酮、硝基甲烷中的一种或几种。
医用防护服需要用过氧化氢消毒洗涤，过量的过氧化氢将对防护服及面料产生不可逆的伤害，如材料性能变差，脱色、褪色等，同时也会对穿衣人体产生伤害。而其不足又会对防护服微生物产生影响，使微生物超标。抗氧剂的加入可以促使过氧化氢分解成无害的水，在保证杀菌效果的前提下抵抗防护服上残存的过氧化氢对防护服及面料的伤害，优选的技术方案是将外层面料浸入抗氧剂溶液中，浸泡至少60分钟后，然后900W超声波进行处理至少30分钟，取出外层面料进行干燥。
进一步优选的技术方案是所述抗氧剂为铁卟啉、二茂铁、叶绿素中的一种或几种。
优选的外层面料抗氧化处理干燥处理为真空干燥，所述干燥处理温度为50-60℃。
优选的夹层面料中对复合基布施加压力的参数：压力为0.3±0.05MPa，温度为120-130℃，夹层面料前进的速度为2.5±0.5m/min。
本发明第二个方面是提供一种耐多次洗消医用防护服，所述防护服采用上述的防护服面料，其中，所述外层面料作为第一层，所述内层面料作为第三层。本发明上述内容中，如果没有特别说明，所述内层是指防护服靠近人体的层，外层是远离人体的层。所述各层可以是通过针刺、粘结等现有工艺来实现叠加。
本发明的优点和有益效果在于：本发明所提供的耐多次洗消的医用防护服面料及防护服，外层面料通过抗氧剂的浸渍操作，降低过氧化氢对本发明的影响，同时夹层面料通过液态胶黏剂涂覆于无纺布形成的复合基布上，满足了设定指标，其可耐过氧化氢消毒洗涤15次以上，仍保持原有性能。本发明原料成本低廉，产品性能稳定，成本优势明显，具有较强的应用前景。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例，对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步描述。以下实施例仅用于更加清楚地说明本发明的技术方案，而不能以此来限制本发明的保护范围。
实施例1
夹层面料：配制聚乙烯树脂油性分散液，乙酸乙酯为油性成分，丙烯酸酯共聚乳的碱溶液加入到油性分散液中，获得液态胶黏剂；无纺布层夹在两层锦纶纤维纺织层之间，形成复合基布；将液态胶黏剂涂覆于复合基布一面，对复合基布施加压力，压力为0.25MPa，温度为120℃，夹层面料前进的速度为2m/min。在施加压力过程中，加热固化聚乙烯树脂，其中丙烯酸酯共聚乳液25wt％，聚乙烯树脂55wt％，酸洗、水洗风干后得夹层面料；里层面料为细绒棉/聚乳酸纤维混纺纱线制成的平纹组织，其中细绒棉/聚乳酸纤维混纺纱线的细绒棉和聚乳酸纤维的混纺比为39％：55wt％；外层面料为芳纶纤维与棉纤维纺织物，芳纶纤维和棉纤维的混纺比为15wt％：70wt％，将外层面料浸入铁卟啉溶液中，浸泡60分钟后，然后900W超声波进行处理30分钟，取出外层面料进行50℃真空干燥。
实施例2
夹层面料：配制聚乙烯树脂油性分散液，硝基甲烷为油性成分，丙烯酸酯共聚乳的碱溶液加入到油性分散液中，获得液态胶黏剂；无纺布层夹在两层锦纶纤维纺织层之间，形成复合基布；将液态胶黏剂涂覆于复合基布两面，对复合基布施加压力，压力为0.35MPa，温度为130℃，夹层面料前进的速度为3m/min。在施加压力过程中，加热固化聚乙烯树脂，其中丙烯酸酯共聚乳液45wt％，聚乙烯树脂75wt％，酸洗、水洗风干后得夹层面料；里层面料为细绒棉/聚乳酸纤维混纺纱线制成的平纹组织，其中细绒棉/聚乳酸纤维混纺纱线的细绒棉和聚乳酸纤维的混纺比为45％：61wt％；外层面料为芳纶纤维与棉纤维纺织物，芳纶纤维和棉纤维的混纺比为30wt％：85wt％，将外层面料浸入二茂铁溶液中，浸泡90分钟后，然后900W超声波进行处理60分钟，取出外层面料进行60℃真空干燥。
实施例3
夹层面料：配制聚乙烯树脂油性分散液，乙醇为油性成分，丙烯酸酯共聚乳的碱溶液加入到油性分散液中，获得液态胶黏剂；无纺布层夹在两层锦纶纤维纺织层之间，形成复合基布；将液态胶黏剂涂覆于复合基布一面，对复合基布施加压力，压力为0.25MPa，温度为125℃，夹层面料前进的速度为2m/min。在施加压力过程中，加热固化聚乙烯树脂，其中丙烯酸酯共聚乳液25wt％，聚乙烯树脂75wt％，酸洗、水洗风干后得夹层面料；里层面料为细绒棉/聚乳酸纤维混纺纱线制成的平纹组织，其中细绒棉/聚乳酸纤维混纺纱线的细绒棉和聚乳酸纤维的混纺比为39％：61wt％；外层面料为芳纶纤维与棉纤维纺织物，芳纶纤维和棉纤维的混纺比为15wt％：85wt％，将外层面料浸入叶绿素溶液中，浸泡60分钟后，然后900W超声波进行处理60分钟，取出外层面料进行55℃真空干燥。
实施例4
夹层面料：配制聚乙烯树脂油性分散液，乙二醇为油性成分，丙烯酸酯共聚乳的碱溶液加入到油性分散液中，获得液态胶黏剂；无纺布层夹在两层锦纶纤维纺织层之间，形成复合基布；将液态胶黏剂涂覆于复合基布一面，对复合基布施加压力，压力为0.25MPa，温度为120℃，夹层面料前进的速度为2m/min。在施加压力过程中，加热固化聚乙烯树脂，其中丙烯酸酯共聚乳液45wt％，聚乙烯树脂55wt％，酸洗、水洗风干后得夹层面料；里层面料为细绒棉/聚乳酸纤维混纺纱线制成的平纹组织，其中细绒棉/聚乳酸纤维混纺纱线的细绒棉和聚乳酸纤维的混纺比为45％：55wt％；外层面料为芳纶纤维与棉纤维纺织物，芳纶纤维和棉纤维的混纺比为30wt％：70wt％，将外层面料浸入铁卟啉溶液中，浸泡90分钟后，然后900W超声波进行处理30分钟，取出外层面料进行50℃真空干燥。
实施例5
夹层面料：配制聚乙烯树脂油性分散液，氯苯为油性成分，丙烯酸酯共聚乳的碱溶液加入到油性分散液中，获得液态胶黏剂；无纺布层夹在两层锦纶纤维纺织层之间，形成复合基布；将液态胶黏剂涂覆于复合基布两面，对复合基布施加压力，压力为0.3MPa，温度为120℃，夹层面料前进的速度为2.5m/min。在施加压力过程中，加热固化聚乙烯树脂，其中丙烯酸酯共聚乳液30wt％，聚乙烯树脂55wt％，酸洗、水洗风干后得夹层面料；里层面料为细绒棉/聚乳酸纤维混纺纱线制成的平纹组织，其中细绒棉/聚乳酸纤维混纺纱线的细绒棉和聚乳酸纤维的混纺比为40％：60wt％；外层面料为芳纶纤维与棉纤维纺织物，芳纶纤维和棉纤维的混纺比为28wt％：80wt％，将外层面料浸入叶绿素溶液中，浸泡60分钟后，然后900W超声波进行处理30分钟，取出外层面料进行50℃真空干燥。
实施例6
夹层面料：配制聚乙烯树脂油性分散液，二氯甲烷为油性成分，丙烯酸酯共聚乳的碱溶液加入到油性分散液中，获得液态胶黏剂；无纺布层夹在两层锦纶纤维纺织层之间，形成复合基布；将液态胶黏剂涂覆于复合基布一面，对复合基布施加压力，压力为0.3MPa，温度为130℃，夹层面料前进的速度为2m/min。在施加压力过程中，加热固化聚乙烯树脂，其中丙烯酸酯共聚乳液30wt％，聚乙烯树脂60wt％，酸洗、水洗风干后得夹层面料；里层面料为细绒棉/聚乳酸纤维混纺纱线制成的平纹组织，其中细绒棉/聚乳酸纤维混纺纱线的细绒棉和聚乳酸纤维的混纺比为45％：60wt％；外层面料为芳纶纤维与棉纤维纺织物，芳纶纤维和棉纤维的混纺比为28wt％：85wt％，将外层面料浸入铁卟啉、叶绿素溶液中，浸泡60分钟后，然后900W超声波进行处理60分钟，取出外层面料进行60℃真空干燥。
对比例
对比例以实施例1为基础，区别在于，对比例1中外层面料未经过抗氧化处理，对比例2中夹层面料为无纺布。
1.实施例1-6的发明与对比例实验结果
Figure GDA0004064930250000071
Figure GDA0004064930250000081
通过上表数据可以看出实施例1-6的发明经检验均符合GB19082-2009《医用一次性防护服技术要求》的标准，本发明经过15次洗消后其仍能符合所述标准，可以预计本发明可耐过氧化氢消毒洗涤15次以上，仍保持原有性能。对比例1外层面料未经过抗氧化处理，经过15次洗消后其透湿量已经不合格，其他性能均有下降甚至已经不达标，可见抗氧剂的加入对发明的性能有很大影响，对比例2中夹层面料基布为无纺布，未进行涂覆处理，经过15次洗消后多项指标已经不合格，可见对夹层布料进行叠加基布并进行液态胶黏剂涂覆是很关键的工艺。
2.实施例1-6的发明经过15次洗消后微生物指标
Figure GDA0004064930250000082
对经过15次洗消的发明进行微生物指标检测，细菌菌落总数均<20CFU/g，真菌菌落总数<20CFU/g，大肠菌群、绿脓杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、溶血性链球菌均未检出，检测结果均为合格。
综上所述本发明所提供的耐多次洗消的医用防护服面料及防护服，外层面料通过抗氧剂的浸渍操作，降低过氧化氢对本发明的影响，同时夹层面料通过液态胶黏剂涂覆于无纺布形成的叠加基布上，增强了本发明的性能，其可耐过氧化氢消毒洗涤15次以上，仍保持原有性能。符合GB 19082-2009《医用一次性防护服技术要求》、GB/T4669-2008《纺织品机织物单位长度质量和单位面积质量的测定》的相关要求。本发明原料成本低廉，产品性能稳定，成本优势明显，具有较强的应用前景。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式，应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明技术原理的前提下，还可以做出若干改进和润饰，这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。

Claims (5)

1.一种耐多次洗消的医用防护服面料，包括外层面料、夹层面料和里层面料三层结构，其特征在于，夹层面料采用的制作方法为配制聚乙烯树脂的油性分散液，丙烯酸酯共聚乳的碱溶液加入到油性分散液中，获得液态胶黏剂；无纺布层夹在两层锦纶纤维纺织层之间，形成复合基布；将液态胶黏剂涂覆于复合基布的至少一面，对复合基布施加压力，在施加压力过程中，加热固化聚乙烯树脂，其中丙烯酸酯共聚乳液25-45wt％，聚乙烯树脂55-75wt％，酸洗、水洗风干后得夹层面料；里层面料为细绒棉/聚乳酸纤维混纺纱线制成的平纹组织，其中细绒棉/聚乳酸纤维混纺纱线的细绒棉和聚乳酸纤维的混纺比为39-45wt％：55-61wt％；外层面料为芳纶纤维与棉纤维纺织物，芳纶纤维和棉纤维的混纺比为15-30wt％：70-85wt％，所述外层面料经过抗氧化处理，所述外层面料抗氧化处理操作为，将外层面料浸入抗氧剂溶液中，浸泡至少60分钟后，然后900W超声波进行处理至少30分钟，取出外层面料进行干燥处理，所述抗氧剂为铁卟啉、二茂铁、叶绿素中的一种或几种。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种耐多次洗消的医用防护服面料，其特征在于：所述油性分散液油性成分为甲醇、乙醇、二氧六环、异丙醇、乙二醇、氯苯、二氯甲烷、氯仿、乙腈、乙酸乙酯、丙酮、硝基甲烷中的一种或几种。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种耐多次洗消的医用防护服面料，其特征在于：所述干燥处理为真空干燥，所述干燥处理温度为50-60℃。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种耐多次洗消的医用防护服面料，其特征在于：所述对复合基布施加压力的参数：压力为0.3±0.05MPa，温度为 120-130℃，夹层面料前进的速度为2.5±0.5m/min。
5.一种多次洗消的医用防护服，其特征在于，所述医用防护服含有权利要求1-4任一项所述耐多次洗消的医用防护服面料，或由权利要求1-4任一项所述耐多次洗消的医用防护服面料制成。
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Denomination of invention: A medical protective clothing fabric and protective clothing that can withstand multiple washes and disinfections

Granted publication date: 20230530

Pledgee: Wuxi Branch of China Everbright Bank Co.,Ltd.

Pledgor: SWOTO PROTECTION AND TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd.

Registration number: Y2024980012848