WO2016170986A1 - 被エッチング層をエッチングする方法 - Google Patents
被エッチング層をエッチングする方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2016170986A1 WO2016170986A1 PCT/JP2016/061283 JP2016061283W WO2016170986A1 WO 2016170986 A1 WO2016170986 A1 WO 2016170986A1 JP 2016061283 W JP2016061283 W JP 2016061283W WO 2016170986 A1 WO2016170986 A1 WO 2016170986A1
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- high frequency
- frequency bias
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 142
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 76
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 121
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 35
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- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
- H01L21/30—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26
- H01L21/302—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26 to change their surface-physical characteristics or shape, e.g. etching, polishing, cutting
- H01L21/306—Chemical or electrical treatment, e.g. electrolytic etching
- H01L21/3065—Plasma etching; Reactive-ion etching
- H01L21/30655—Plasma etching; Reactive-ion etching comprising alternated and repeated etching and passivation steps, e.g. Bosch process
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
- H01L21/30—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26
- H01L21/302—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26 to change their surface-physical characteristics or shape, e.g. etching, polishing, cutting
- H01L21/306—Chemical or electrical treatment, e.g. electrolytic etching
- H01L21/3065—Plasma etching; Reactive-ion etching
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J37/00—Discharge tubes with provision for introducing objects or material to be exposed to the discharge, e.g. for the purpose of examination or processing thereof
- H01J37/32—Gas-filled discharge tubes
- H01J37/32431—Constructional details of the reactor
- H01J37/32532—Electrodes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J37/00—Discharge tubes with provision for introducing objects or material to be exposed to the discharge, e.g. for the purpose of examination or processing thereof
- H01J37/32—Gas-filled discharge tubes
- H01J37/32431—Constructional details of the reactor
- H01J37/32798—Further details of plasma apparatus not provided for in groups H01J37/3244 - H01J37/32788; special provisions for cleaning or maintenance of the apparatus
- H01J37/32853—Hygiene
- H01J37/32871—Means for trapping or directing unwanted particles
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
- H01L21/30—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26
- H01L21/31—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26 to form insulating layers thereon, e.g. for masking or by using photolithographic techniques; After treatment of these layers; Selection of materials for these layers
- H01L21/3105—After-treatment
- H01L21/311—Etching the insulating layers by chemical or physical means
- H01L21/31105—Etching inorganic layers
- H01L21/31111—Etching inorganic layers by chemical means
- H01L21/31116—Etching inorganic layers by chemical means by dry-etching
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
- H01L21/30—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26
- H01L21/31—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26 to form insulating layers thereon, e.g. for masking or by using photolithographic techniques; After treatment of these layers; Selection of materials for these layers
- H01L21/3105—After-treatment
- H01L21/311—Etching the insulating layers by chemical or physical means
- H01L21/31127—Etching organic layers
- H01L21/31133—Etching organic layers by chemical means
- H01L21/31138—Etching organic layers by chemical means by dry-etching
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
- H01L21/30—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26
- H01L21/31—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26 to form insulating layers thereon, e.g. for masking or by using photolithographic techniques; After treatment of these layers; Selection of materials for these layers
- H01L21/3205—Deposition of non-insulating-, e.g. conductive- or resistive-, layers on insulating layers; After-treatment of these layers
- H01L21/321—After treatment
- H01L21/3213—Physical or chemical etching of the layers, e.g. to produce a patterned layer from a pre-deposited extensive layer
- H01L21/32133—Physical or chemical etching of the layers, e.g. to produce a patterned layer from a pre-deposited extensive layer by chemical means only
- H01L21/32135—Physical or chemical etching of the layers, e.g. to produce a patterned layer from a pre-deposited extensive layer by chemical means only by vapour etching only
- H01L21/32136—Physical or chemical etching of the layers, e.g. to produce a patterned layer from a pre-deposited extensive layer by chemical means only by vapour etching only using plasmas
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
- H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
- H05H1/24—Generating plasma
- H05H1/46—Generating plasma using applied electromagnetic fields, e.g. high frequency or microwave energy
Definitions
- Embodiments of the present invention relate to a method for etching a layer to be etched.
- plasma etching is performed on an etching target layer of an object to be processed.
- the layer to be etched is etched uniformly in the plane, that is, in-plane uniformity is required.
- an atomic layer etching method for etching a layer to be etched at an atomic layer level that is, an ALE method is known.
- ALE method a process of adsorbing an etchant generated from a first process gas to an etching target layer is performed in a processing container of a plasma processing apparatus (hereinafter referred to as “first process”).
- first process a plasma processing apparatus
- second processing a process for substituting the gas in the processing container from the first processing gas to the second processing gas
- a plasma of a second process gas is generated, and a process of drawing ions into the layer to be etched (hereinafter referred to as “third process”) is performed.
- a process for replacing the gas in the processing container with the first process gas from the second process gas (hereinafter referred to as “fourth process”) is performed.
- ALE method a sequence including these first to fourth processes is repeatedly executed. Such an ALE method is described in, for example, JP-A-3-263827.
- gas replacement is performed in the second process and the fourth process.
- each of the second process and the fourth process requires several tens of seconds at the shortest.
- such a sequence including the second process and the fourth process is repeatedly executed, so that the time required for etching the etching target layer becomes long. Therefore, it is required to reduce the time required for etching the etching target layer.
- a method for etching an etching target layer of a workpiece includes (a) a step of placing an object to be processed on a mounting table having a lower electrode in a processing vessel of a plasma processing apparatus, and (b) an etching target layer without applying a high frequency bias to the lower electrode.
- a step of adsorbing radicals generated from the processing gas hereinafter referred to as “adsorption step”
- etching step a step of applying a high frequency bias to the lower electrode and drawing ions generated from the processing gas into the etching target layer.
- etching step performed continuously to the step of adsorbing radicals.
- the adsorption process and the etching process are alternately repeated.
- the density of radicals in the space in the processing container in which the object to be processed is arranged is set to a density 200 times or higher than the density of ions in the space.
- a high frequency bias having a power density of 0.07 W / cm 2 or less is supplied to the lower electrode, or a high frequency bias having a power density of 0.14 W / cm 2 or less is 0.5 seconds or less, Supplied to the lower electrode. Note that the period during which the high frequency bias having a power density of 0.07 W / cm 2 or less is supplied to the lower electrode in the etching process can be set to a period of 2 seconds or less.
- radicals are supplied to the object to be processed in a state where the high-frequency bias is not supplied to the lower electrode.
- radicals are adsorbed (for example, physically adsorbed) on the surface of the layer to be etched.
- plasma of the same processing gas as the processing gas used in the adsorption step is generated by a high frequency bias, and ions are drawn into the etching target layer by the high frequency bias.
- a high frequency bias with a power density of 0.07 W / cm 2 or less is supplied to the lower electrode for a period of, for example, 2 seconds or less, or a high frequency bias with a power density of 0.14 W / cm 2 or less is 0. Supplied to the lower electrode for a period of 5 seconds or less.
- the adsorption process and the etching process are continuously performed without performing gas replacement between the adsorption process and the etching process. Can be executed. Therefore, the time required for etching the layer to be etched is shortened.
- the impedance of the matching unit provided between the high-frequency power source that generates the high-frequency bias and the lower electrode may be fixed during the execution period of the etching process.
- the matching unit of the plasma processing apparatus performs an impedance matching operation, so that it takes time until the power of the high-frequency bias supplied to the load is stabilized.
- the impedance of the matching unit is fixed. Thereby, the fluctuation
- the variable parameter of the variable electrical element of the matching device can be fixed.
- the plasma processing apparatus may have an ion trap above the mounting table.
- plasma of the processing gas is generated on the side opposite to the side on which the mounting table is disposed with respect to the ion trap, and radicals are supplied to the etching target layer through the ion trap.
- the time required for etching the etching target layer can be shortened.
- FIG. 1 It is a flowchart which shows the method of etching the to-be-etched layer which concerns on one Embodiment. It is sectional drawing which illustrates the to-be-processed object which can apply the method shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows roughly the plasma processing apparatus which can be used for implementation of the method shown in FIG. It is a timing chart regarding the high frequency in the method shown in FIG. 1, a high frequency bias, and process gas. It is sectional drawing which shows the state of the to-be-processed object after implementation of the method shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows the principle of the etching in the method shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows the principle of the etching in the method shown in FIG. It is a graph which shows a simulation result. It is a graph which shows an experimental result. It is a graph which shows an experimental result. It is a figure which shows schematically another plasma processing apparatus which can be used for implementation of the method shown in FIG.
- FIG. 1 is a flowchart showing a method for etching an etching target layer according to an embodiment.
- a method MT shown in FIG. 1 is for etching an etching target layer of an object to be processed.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a workpiece to which the method MT can be applied.
- the object to be processed is called a wafer W.
- a wafer W shown in FIG. 2 includes a substrate SB, an etching target layer EL, and a mask MSK.
- the etched layer EL is provided on the substrate SB.
- the layer to be etched EL is a layer that is etched by performing the method MT.
- the film type of the etched layer EL is an arbitrary film type.
- the etched layer EL may be an organic film, a silicon film, a silicon oxide film, or a silicon nitride film.
- the mask MSK is provided on the etched layer EL.
- the mask MSK is made of a material selected for selectively etching the etching target layer EL with respect to the mask.
- the mask MSK can be made of a material containing silicon.
- step ST1 the wafer W is loaded into a processing container of the plasma processing apparatus and placed on a mounting table provided in the processing container.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram schematically illustrating a plasma processing apparatus that can be used to implement the method MT.
- the processing container 12 provides an internal space including a first space S1 and a second space S2, which will be described later.
- the second space S2 is located above the first space S1.
- the processing container 12 is made of, for example, a conductive material such as aluminum, and an inner surface facing the inner space of the processing container 12 is provided with a coating having plasma resistance, for example, an yttria film.
- the processing container 12 is electrically grounded. Further, an opening OP for transporting the wafer W is formed on the side wall of the processing container 12. This opening OP can be opened and closed by a gate valve.
- a mounting table 14 is provided in the first space S1 of the processing container 12.
- the mounting table 14 is supported by an insulating support member 16 extending from the bottom of the processing container 12.
- the outer peripheral surface of the mounting table 14 is covered with insulating members 17 and 18.
- the mounting table 14 includes a lower electrode 20 and an electrostatic chuck 22.
- the lower electrode 20 includes a first member 20a and a second member 20b. Both the first member 20a and the second member 20b are made of a conductive material such as aluminum and have a substantially disk shape.
- a first high frequency power supply LFS is connected to the first member 20a via a first matching unit MU1.
- the first high frequency power supply LFS is a power supply that generates a high frequency bias LF.
- the frequency of the high frequency bias LF is, for example, a frequency within a range of 400 kHz to 27.12 MHz.
- the first matching unit MU1 has a matching circuit for matching the output impedance of the first high frequency power supply LFS with the input impedance on the load side.
- the matching circuit includes a variable electrical element, for example, a variable capacitance element and / or a variable inductance element.
- a variable electrical element for example, a variable capacitance element and / or a variable inductance element.
- the variable parameter of the variable electrical element for example, the variable capacitance and / or the variable inductance, can be automatically controlled by the matching controller according to the monitoring result of the load impedance.
- the second member 20b is provided on the first member 20a and is electrically connected to the first member 20a.
- a flow path may be formed in the second member 20b, and a refrigerant may be circulated between the flow path and the chiller unit.
- the electrostatic chuck 22 is provided on the second member 20b.
- the electrostatic chuck 22 has a dielectric and an electrode provided in the dielectric.
- a power source 24 is connected to the electrode of the electrostatic chuck 22 via a switch SW.
- the power source 24 is a DC power source, for example.
- a heater may be embedded in the electrostatic chuck 22.
- the exhaust pipe 26 is connected to the bottom of the processing container 12.
- the exhaust pipe 26 communicates with the first space S1 and is connected to the exhaust device 28.
- the exhaust device 28 includes a pressure regulator such as a pressure regulating valve, and a decompression pump such as a turbo molecular pump and a dry pump. The exhaust device 28 adjusts the pressure in the internal space of the processing container 12.
- the plasma processing apparatus 10 is configured such that the processing gas is supplied from the gas supply unit 30 to the second space S2.
- the gas supply unit 30 may have a plurality of flow rate controllers such as a plurality of gas sources, a plurality of valves, and a mass flow controller.
- the plurality of gas sources are sources of a plurality of types of gases constituting the processing gas.
- the plurality of gas sources are connected to the pipe 32 via a corresponding valve among the plurality of valves and a corresponding flow rate controller among the plurality of flow rate controllers.
- the pipe 32 communicates with the second space S2.
- the second space S2 is defined by the processing container 12 from the side thereof.
- the processing container 12 provides an opening at its upper end. This opening is closed by a window member 34.
- the window member 34 is made of a dielectric such as quartz or aluminum oxide (Al 2 O 3 ).
- a coil 36 is provided on the window member 34 and outside the processing container 12.
- a second high frequency power supply HFS is connected to the coil 36 via a second matching unit MU2.
- the second high frequency power supply HFS generates a high frequency wave for exciting the processing gas.
- the frequency of the high frequency HF generated by the second high frequency power supply HFS is a frequency of 13 MHz or more, and may be 40 MHz or 60 MHz, for example.
- the second matching unit MU2 has a matching circuit for matching the output impedance of the second high frequency power supply HFS and the input impedance on the load side.
- This matching circuit includes a variable electric element, for example, a variable capacitance element and / or a variable inductance element, like the matching circuit of the first matching unit MU1.
- the variable parameter of the variable electrical element for example, the variable capacitance and / or the variable inductance can be automatically controlled by the matching controller according to the monitoring result of the load impedance.
- the processing gas is excited in the second space S2. Thereby, in the second space S2, ions or radicals of atoms or molecules constituting the processing gas are generated.
- an ion trap 40 is provided between the first space S1 and the second space S2 in order to capture ions generated in the second space S2.
- a distance GP between the lower surface of the ion trap 40 and the upper surface of the electrostatic chuck 22 is, for example, a distance of 20 mm or more.
- the ion trap 40 is made of a conductive material such as metal, or an insulating material such as quartz or aluminum oxide (Al 2 O 3 ), and has a substantially disk shape.
- the ion trap 40 is electrically connected to the processing container 12 so as to have the same potential as the processing container 12.
- a plurality of holes 40 h are formed in the ion trap 40.
- the first space S1 and the second space S2 communicate with each other only through the plurality of holes 40h.
- plasma of the processing gas is generated on the side opposite to the side on which the mounting table 14 is disposed with respect to the ion trap 40, that is, in the second space S2.
- the radicals generated in the second space S2 are supplied to the first space S1 through the plurality of holes 40h, but most of the ions generated in the second space S2 are captured by the ion trap 40.
- the plasma processing apparatus 10 further includes a control unit 42.
- the control unit 42 may be a computer device including a storage device such as a memory, an input device, a display device, and a processor such as a CPU.
- the control unit 42 controls each unit of the plasma processing apparatus 10 according to the recipe stored in the storage device.
- the control unit 42 controls each unit of the plasma processing apparatus 10 according to a recipe for performing the method MT. Thereby, the plasma processing according to the recipe is performed on the wafer W.
- FIG. 4 is referred to in addition to FIG. FIG. 4 is a timing chart regarding the high frequency, the high frequency bias, and the processing gas in the method MT.
- the high frequency HF is ON indicates that the high frequency HF is supplied to the coil 36
- the high frequency HF is OFF indicates that the high frequency HF is not supplied to the coil 36.
- the fact that the high frequency bias LF is ON indicates that the high frequency bias LF is supplied to the lower electrode 20
- the fact that the high frequency bias LF is OFF means that the high frequency bias LF is supplied to the lower electrode 20. It shows no.
- the processing gas being “H” indicates that the processing gas is being supplied into the processing container 12
- the processing gas being “L” indicates that the processing gas is in the processing container 12. It indicates that it is not supplied.
- the wafer W is loaded into the processing container 12 of the plasma processing apparatus 10.
- the wafer W is held by the electrostatic chuck 22.
- the process ST2 and the process ST3 are alternately repeated. That is, in the method MT, a plurality of sequences each including the process ST2 and the process ST3 are executed.
- step ST2 radicals generated from the processing gas are adsorbed on the etching target layer EL. For this reason, in process ST2, process gas is supplied to 2nd space S2. As shown in FIG. 4, the supply of the processing gas is started before time t1 when the first process ST2 starts. Thereafter, in the method MT, the supply of the processing gas is continued until the method MT ends.
- the processing gas can include, for example, hydrogen gas (H 2 gas), nitrogen gas (N 2 gas), and a rare gas.
- the rare gas can be, for example, Ar gas.
- any rare gas such as He gas, Ne gas, or Kr gas can be used.
- This processing gas may contain ammonia (NH 3 ) gas and / or oxygen (O 2 ) gas instead of hydrogen gas and nitrogen gas, or in addition to hydrogen gas and nitrogen gas.
- the processing gas may contain a halogen-containing gas such as hydrogen bromide gas or chlorine gas and a rare gas.
- the processing gas may contain a fluorocarbon gas and a rare gas when the layer to be etched EL is a silicon oxide film.
- the processing gas is a fluorohydrocarbon gas (C X H Y F Z , X, Y, and Z are integers of 1 or more) and / or a fluorocarbon gas ( C X F Y , X and Y are integers of 1 or more) and a rare gas.
- the coil 36 is supplied with the high frequency HF from the second high frequency power supply HFS.
- the processing gas is excited in the second space S2, and ions and radicals are generated.
- the high frequency bias LF from the first high frequency power supply LFS is not supplied to the lower electrode 20.
- the majority of the ions generated in the second space S2 are captured by the ion trap 40 by executing the step ST2.
- the radical passes through the plurality of holes 40h of the ion trap 40 and enters the first space S1.
- radicals supplied to the first space S1 are adsorbed on the etching target layer EL. Note that the radical density in the space in which the wafer W is arranged, in this example, the first space S1, is set to 200 times or more the density of ions in the first space S1.
- step ST3 ions generated from the processing gas are drawn into the etched layer EL. Therefore, in step ST3, the processing gas supplied in step ST2 is continuously supplied to the second space S2.
- the high frequency HF from the second high frequency power supply HFS is not supplied to the coil 36, and the first high frequency is supplied.
- a high frequency bias LF from the power source LFS is supplied to the lower electrode 20.
- the processing gas supplied to the second space S2 contains a rare gas, and the rare gas passes through the plurality of holes 40h of the ion trap 40 and is supplied to the first space S1.
- the rare gas supplied to the first space S1 is excited by the high frequency bias LF. Thereby, ions of rare gas atoms are generated, and the ions of the rare gas atoms are attracted to the wafer W by the high frequency bias LF. Thereby, atoms to which radicals are attached are released from the etched layer EL.
- step ST3 it is necessary to control the supply of the high-frequency bias LF so that only atoms to which radicals are attached are released from the etched layer EL.
- a high frequency bias LF having a power density of 0.07 W / cm 2 or less is supplied to the lower electrode 20.
- the high frequency bias LF having a power density of 0.07 W / cm 2 or less is supplied to the lower electrode 20 for a period of 2 seconds or less, for example.
- a high frequency bias LF having a power density of 0.14 W / cm 2 or less is supplied to the lower electrode 20 for a period of 0.5 seconds or less.
- the stop condition is determined to be satisfied when the number of executions of the sequence SQ including the process ST2 and the process ST3 reaches a predetermined number.
- the execution of the sequence SQ including the steps ST2 and ST3 is performed again.
- the execution of the method MT ends.
- the sequence SQ is executed a plurality of times.
- FIGS. 6 and 7 are diagrams showing the principle of etching in the method shown in FIG. 6 and 7, white circles indicate atoms constituting the layer to be etched EL, black circles indicate radicals, and “+” surrounded by the circles indicates a noble gas. An atomic ion is shown.
- the surface state of the layer EL to be etched is in a state where there is no dangling bond or a small amount.
- radicals are adsorbed on the surface of the etched layer EL in such a state.
- the subsequent first step ST3 as shown in FIG. 6 (b), the ions of the rare gas atoms collide with the surface of the etched layer EL, so that the atoms of the etched layer EL to which radicals are adsorbed are It is emitted from the layer to be etched EL and exhausted.
- FIG. 6C dangling bonds are formed on the surface of the etched layer EL.
- radicals are supplied to the etched layer EL.
- This radical has energy of, for example, 5 eV or less from Langmuir Absorption Model, and is efficiently bonded to dangling bonds. Therefore, in step ST2 after the second time, as shown in FIG. 7A, one radical is adsorbed on the surface of the layer to be etched EL with a high coverage.
- rare gas ions are drawn into the etching target layer EL in a state where radicals are adsorbed.
- the atoms adsorbing radicals are released from the layer to be etched EL and are exhausted.
- dangling bonds are formed on the surface of the etched layer EL.
- step ST2 and step ST3 are executed successively. Therefore, a period for replacing the processing gas between the process ST2 and the process ST3 is unnecessary. Therefore, according to the method MT, it is possible to reduce the time required for etching the etching target layer EL.
- the impedance of the first matching unit MU1 may be fixed during the execution period of the process ST3. That is, the variable parameter of the above-described variable electric element constituting the matching circuit of the first matching unit MU1 may be maintained constant.
- the matching unit of the plasma processing apparatus since the matching unit of the plasma processing apparatus performs impedance matching operation, it takes time until the power of the high-frequency bias supplied to the load is stabilized.
- the impedance of the first matching unit MU1 in step ST3 it is possible to suppress power fluctuations after the supply of the high-frequency bias LF is started. As a result, it is possible to shorten the execution period of step ST3.
- the ratio of the radical flux to the ion flux in the first space S1 is set to various ratios, and the time t when the coverage ratio ⁇ (t) by the radicals of the etched layer EL becomes 1 is calculated from the Langmuir Absorption Model. did.
- the coverage ⁇ (t) becomes 1 when all the sites of the etched layer EL are filled with radicals.
- the coverage ⁇ (t) was calculated by the following formula (1).
- S is a radical adhesion rate
- Y is an etching yield by ions
- ⁇ r is a radical flux (cm ⁇ 2 s ⁇ 1 )
- ⁇ i is an ion flux (cm ⁇ 2 s ⁇ 1 )
- the parameters are determined by the type of radical, the type of ion, and the material of the layer to be etched EL. In this simulation, a silicon film was assumed as the layer to be etched EL, chlorine radicals as radicals, and Ar ions as ions.
- Fig. 8 shows a graph representing the simulation results.
- ⁇ r / ⁇ i 1
- ⁇ r / ⁇ i 1
- ⁇ r / ⁇ i 200
- This tendency is substantially the same even if the radical type, the ion type, and the film type of the etched layer EL are different.
- step ST2 when ⁇ r / ⁇ i is 200, that is, when the radical density is 200 times or more of the ion density, it is confirmed that the adsorption of radicals on the surface of the etched layer EL can be realized in a high coverage and in a short time. It was done.
- the organic film was etched by repeating a sequence including the first to fourth steps under the following conditions.
- the execution time length of the third step in each sequence was fixed to 2 seconds, and the power of the high-frequency bias LF in the third step was set variously.
- the etching amount (depth) of the organic film per sequence was determined from the amount of decrease in the thickness of the organic film after etching in Experimental Example 1 and Comparative Experimental Example.
- the results are shown in FIG.
- the horizontal axis indicates the effective value of the power of the high-frequency bias LF in step ST3 (or the third step of the comparative experimental example), and the vertical axis indicates the etching amount (depth) of the organic film per sequence.
- the dotted line indicates 0.2 nm, which is the etching amount per sequence that can be regarded as the ALE method.
- the comparative experimental example employs a normal ALE method. As shown in FIG. 9, in the comparative experimental example, the etching amount of the organic film per sequence is not dependent on the power of the high frequency bias in the third step. 0.2 nm or less.
- Experimental Example 1 when the effective value of the power of the high frequency bias LF in the process ST3 is 40 W or less, that is, when the power of the high frequency bias LF in the process ST3 is 50 W or less, the execution time length of the process ST3 Regardless, it was confirmed that an etching amount of 0.2 nm or less was obtained.
- the etching target layer can be etched as in the ALE method when the power of the high-frequency bias LF in the step ST3 is 50 W or less.
- the power density of the high-frequency bias LF of 50 W or less is 0.07 W / cm 2 or less.
- the amount of etching (depth) of the organic film per sequence was determined from the amount of decrease in the thickness of the organic film after etching in Experimental Example 2.
- the results are shown in FIG. In FIG. 10, the horizontal axis indicates the execution time length of the process ST3 in each sequence SQ, and the vertical axis indicates the etching amount (depth) of the organic film per sequence.
- the power of the high-frequency bias LF in step ST3 is 100 W
- the execution time length of step ST3 in each sequence SQ is 0.5 seconds or less
- the layer to be etched is substantially the same as the ALE method. It was confirmed that can be etched.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram schematically showing another plasma processing apparatus that can be used to carry out the method shown in FIG.
- a plasma processing apparatus 100 illustrated in FIG. 11 includes a processing container 120.
- the processing container 120 provides a space S as its internal space.
- the processing container 120 is made of a conductive material such as aluminum, for example, and an inner surface facing the inner space of the processing container 12 is provided with a coating having plasma resistance, for example, an yttria film.
- the processing container 120 is electrically grounded.
- the mounting table 14 is provided in the space S of the processing container 120.
- the mounting table 14 is a mounting table similar to the mounting table 14 of the plasma processing apparatus 10.
- a first high frequency power supply LFS is connected to the lower electrode 20 of the mounting table 14 via a first matching unit MU1.
- the upper end of the processing container 120 is open, and the opening is closed by the ceiling member 340.
- the ceiling member 340 is made of a dielectric such as quartz.
- a plurality of gas chambers 340 a are formed in the ceiling member 340.
- the plurality of gas chambers 340 a are provided concentrically with respect to an axis passing through the center of the electrostatic chuck 22.
- a processing gas is supplied to the gas chamber 340 a from the first gas supply unit 300 a of the gas supply unit 300.
- This processing gas is a processing gas used in the steps ST2 and ST3 of the method MT, and the first gas supply unit 300a has a plurality of gas sources and a plurality of valves in the same manner as the gas supply unit 30 of the plasma processing apparatus 10. And a plurality of flow controllers.
- the first electrode 342 is embedded above the gas chamber 340a and in the ceiling member 340.
- a second electrode 344 is embedded below the gas chamber 340a and in the ceiling member 340.
- a second high frequency power supply HFS is connected to the first electrode 342 and the second electrode 344 via the second matching unit MU2 in order to form a high frequency electric field between these electrodes, that is, in the gas chamber 340a.
- a heater HT is embedded above the first electrode 342 and in the ceiling member 340. This heater HT is connected to a heater power source HP.
- another gas chamber 340 b is formed below the second electrode 344 and in the ceiling member 340.
- a gas mixed with the processing gas in the space S is supplied to the gas chamber 340 b from the second gas supply unit 300 b of the gas supply unit 300.
- An ion trap 400 is provided directly below the ceiling member 340.
- the ion trap 400 is made of a conductive material such as metal and has a substantially disk shape.
- the ion trap 400 is electrically connected to the processing container 120 so as to have the same potential as the processing container 120.
- a distance GP between the lower surface of the ion trap 400 and the upper surface of the electrostatic chuck 22 is, for example, a distance of 30 mm or more.
- the ceiling member 340 and the ion trap 400 are formed with holes 400h extending from the gas chamber 340a.
- the ceiling member 340 and the ion trap 400 are formed with holes 400i extending from the gas chamber 340b.
- step ST2 a processing gas is supplied to the gas chamber 340a, and the high frequency HF from the second high frequency power supply HFS is supplied to the first electrode 342 and the second electrode 344.
- the high frequency bias LF from the first high frequency power supply LFS is not supplied to the lower electrode 20.
- the processing gas is excited in the gas chamber 340a.
- radicals generated in the gas chamber 340a pass through the hole 400h, are supplied into the space S, and are adsorbed on the etching target layer EL of the wafer W.
- the processing gas is continuously supplied to the gas chamber 340a.
- the supply of the high frequency HF from the second high frequency power supply HFS is stopped.
- the high frequency bias LF from the first high frequency power supply LFS is supplied to the lower electrode 20.
- the processing gas is supplied into the space S, and ions of rare gas atoms are generated by the high frequency bias LF.
- the ions are drawn into the wafer W, the atoms of the layer to be etched EL on which radicals are adsorbed are released from the layer to be etched EL and exhausted.
- the etching target layer EL can be etched even when the plasma processing apparatus 100 is used.
- the plasma source for exciting the process gas may be any plasma source, and the process gas may be excited by, for example, microwaves.
- any plasma processing apparatus using remote plasma can be used to implement the method MT.
- SYMBOLS 10 Plasma processing apparatus, 12 ... Processing container, 14 ... Mounting stand, 20 ... Lower electrode, 22 ... Electrostatic chuck, 24 ... Power supply, LFS ... 1st high frequency power supply, HFS ... 2nd high frequency power supply, MU1 ... 1st 1 matcher, MU2 ... second matcher, 28 ... exhaust device, 30 ... gas supply unit, 34 ... window member, 36 ... coil, 40 ... ion trap, 42 ... control unit, 100 ... plasma treatment device, 120 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS ... Processing container, 300 ... Gas supply part, 340 ... Ceiling member, 340a ... Gas chamber, 342 ... 1st electrode, 344 ... 2nd electrode, 400 ... Ion trap, W ... Wafer, EL ... Layer to be etched.
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Abstract
Description
<条件>
・処理ガス:150sccmのN2ガス、150sccmのH2ガス、及び1000sccmのArガス
・処理容器12の内部空間の圧力:50mTorr(6.666Pa)
・工程ST2の高周波HFのパワー:500W
・工程ST2の高周波バイアスLFのパワー:0W
・工程ST3の高周波HFのパワー:0W
<条件>
・処理容器12の内部空間の圧力:50mTorr(6.666Pa)
・第1工程の処理ガス:150sccmのN2ガス、150sccmのH2ガス、1000sccmのArガス
・第1工程の高周波HFのパワー:500W
・第1工程の高周波バイアスLFのパワー:0W
・第2工程の処理ガス:1000sccmのArガス
・第2工程の高周波HFのパワー:0W
・第2工程の高周波バイアスLFのパワー:0W
・第3工程の処理ガス:1000sccmのArガス
・第3工程の高周波HFのパワー:0W
・第4工程の処理ガス:150sccmのN2ガス、150sccmのH2ガス、1000sccmのArガス
・第4工程の高周波HFのパワー:0W
・第4工程の高周波バイアスLFのパワー:0W
<条件>
・処理ガス:150sccmのN2ガス、150sccmのH2ガス、及び1000sccmのArガス
・処理容器12の内部空間の圧力:50mTorr(6.666Pa)
・工程ST2の高周波HFのパワー:500W
・工程ST2の高周波バイアスLFのパワー:0W
・工程ST3の高周波HFのパワー:0W
・工程ST3の高周波バイアスLFのパワー:100W
Claims (5)
- 被処理体の被エッチング層をエッチングする方法であって、
プラズマ処理装置の処理容器内において下部電極を有する載置台上に前記被処理体を載置する工程と、
前記下部電極に高周波バイアスを与えずに、前記被エッチング層に、処理ガスから生成されるラジカルを吸着させる工程と、
前記下部電極に高周波バイアスを与えて、前記被エッチング層に、前記処理ガスから生成されるイオンを引き込む工程であり、ラジカルを吸着させる前記工程に連続して行われる該工程と、
を含み、
ラジカルを吸着させる前記工程とイオンを引き込む前記工程とが交互に繰り返され、
ラジカルを吸着させる前記工程では、前記被処理体が配置される前記処理容器内の空間におけるラジカルの密度が、該空間におけるイオンの密度の200倍以上の密度であり、
イオンを引き込む前記工程では、0.07W/cm2以下のパワー密度の前記高周波バイアスが下部電極に供給されるか、0.14W/cm2以下のパワー密度の前記高周波バイアスが0.5秒以下の期間、前記下部電極に供給される、
方法。 - イオンを引き込む前記工程では、0.07W/cm2以下のパワー密度の前記高周波バイアスが2秒以下の期間、前記下部電極に供給される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- イオンを引き込む前記工程の実行期間中において、前記高周波バイアスを発生する高周波電源と前記下部電極との間に設けられた整合器のインピーダンスが固定される、請求項1又は2に記載の方法。
- イオンを引き込む前記工程の実行期間中では、前記整合器の可変電気素子の可変パラメータが固定される、請求項3に記載の方法。
- 前記プラズマ処理装置は、前記載置台の上方にイオントラップを有しており、
前記処理ガスのプラズマが、前記イオントラップに対して前記載置台が配置されている側と反対の側で生成され、前記ラジカルは前記イオントラップを通過して前記被エッチング層に対して供給される、
請求項1~4の何れか一項に記載の方法。
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JP6886940B2 (ja) * | 2018-04-23 | 2021-06-16 | 東京エレクトロン株式会社 | プラズマ処理方法 |
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JP7126381B2 (ja) | 2018-05-21 | 2022-08-26 | 東京エレクトロン株式会社 | 成膜装置および成膜方法 |
US10629451B1 (en) * | 2019-02-01 | 2020-04-21 | American Air Liquide, Inc. | Method to improve profile control during selective etching of silicon nitride spacers |
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