WO2016170742A1 - 複層摺動部材及びそれを用いた自動車のラックピニオン式舵取装置 - Google Patents

複層摺動部材及びそれを用いた自動車のラックピニオン式舵取装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016170742A1
WO2016170742A1 PCT/JP2016/001856 JP2016001856W WO2016170742A1 WO 2016170742 A1 WO2016170742 A1 WO 2016170742A1 JP 2016001856 W JP2016001856 W JP 2016001856W WO 2016170742 A1 WO2016170742 A1 WO 2016170742A1
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Prior art keywords
rack
sliding member
multilayer sliding
pinion
metal
Prior art date
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PCT/JP2016/001856
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
卓也 前田
Original Assignee
オイレス工業株式会社
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Publication date
Application filed by オイレス工業株式会社 filed Critical オイレス工業株式会社
Priority to US15/566,863 priority Critical patent/US10640142B2/en
Priority to CN201680023516.5A priority patent/CN107532649B/zh
Priority to EP16782770.8A priority patent/EP3287651B1/en
Publication of WO2016170742A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016170742A1/ja

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    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/10—Compounds containing silicon
    • C10M2201/102—Silicates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2209/101—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones and phenols, e.g. Also polyoxyalkylene ether derivatives thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2209/102—Polyesters
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2213/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing halogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2213/06—Perfluoro polymers
    • C10M2213/062—Polytetrafluoroethylene [PTFE]
    • C10M2213/0623—Polytetrafluoroethylene [PTFE] used as base material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2217/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2217/04—Macromolecular compounds from nitrogen-containing monomers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2217/044—Polyamides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
    • C10N2010/04—Groups 2 or 12
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
    • C10N2010/06—Groups 3 or 13
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C10N2030/06—Oiliness; Film-strength; Anti-wear; Resistance to extreme pressure
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2050/00—Form in which the lubricant is applied to the material being lubricated
    • C10N2050/023—Multi-layer lubricant coatings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H55/00—Elements with teeth or friction surfaces for conveying motion; Worms, pulleys or sheaves for gearing mechanisms
    • F16H55/02—Toothed members; Worms
    • F16H55/26—Racks
    • F16H55/28—Special devices for taking up backlash
    • F16H55/283—Special devices for taking up backlash using pressure yokes

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a multilayer sliding member having excellent frictional wear characteristics and a rack and pinion type steering device for an automobile using the same.
  • a multilayer sliding member comprising a backing metal made of a steel plate, a porous metal sintered layer formed on one surface of the backing metal, and pores of the porous metal sintered layer and a coating layer filled and deposited on the surface
  • Patent Documents 1 to 3 smoothly slide the rotary shaft or reciprocating body of various mechanical devices in the form of a so-called wound bush wound around a cylindrical shape with the coating layer inside, or in the form of a sliding plate. It is widely used as a support means for supporting freely and a rack guide (see Patent Document 4) for supporting a rack bar in a rack and pinion type steering device of an automobile smoothly and slidably.
  • a tetrafluoroethylene resin (hereinafter referred to as PTFE) having chemical resistance and heat resistance is widely used, but the coating layer made of PTFE alone is wear resistant. Due to the inferior property and load resistance, various additives are added to the coating layer according to the intended use of the multilayer sliding member to compensate for the disadvantages of PTFE itself.
  • the present invention has been made in view of the above-described points, and an object of the present invention is to provide a multilayer sliding member excellent in load resistance and wear resistance, and a rack and pinion steering of an automobile using the same. To provide an apparatus.
  • the multilayer sliding member of the present invention has a backing metal, a porous metal sintered layer formed on one surface of the backing metal, and is filled and applied to the pores and the surface of the porous metal sintered layer. And a coating layer containing 10 to 40% by mass of a metal metaphosphate in addition to PTFE.
  • the PTFE which is the main component is preferably a molding powder or a fine powder PTFE mainly used for molding, and is preferably a molding powder PTFE.
  • examples include “Teflon (registered trademark) 7-J (trade name)” and “Teflon (registered trademark) 70-J (trade name)” manufactured by Mitsui DuPont Fluoro Chemical Co., Ltd. “Fluon (registered trademark) G163 (trade name)”, “Fluon (registered trademark) G190 (trade name)” manufactured by Asahi Glass Co., Ltd.
  • PTFE for use include “Teflon (registered trademark) 6CJ (trade name)” manufactured by Mitsui DuPont Fluorochemical Co., Ltd. Rifuron (registered trademark) F201 (trade name) "and the like, manufactured by Asahi Glass Co., Ltd. of" full-on (registered trademark) CD097E (trade name) ", and the like.
  • the blending amount of PTFE forming the coating layer is preferably 50% by mass or more, more preferably 50 to 75% by mass.
  • a metal metaphosphate as an additive to PTFE which is a main component for forming a coating layer, is not itself a substance exhibiting lubricity like a solid lubricant such as graphite or molybdenum disulfide, but forms a main component.
  • PTFE a PTFE lubricating coating on the mating material surface (sliding surface) The film-forming property is promoted, the initial conformability is improved, and the wear resistance and load resistance are improved.
  • the metal metaphosphate is preferably composed of aluminum metaphosphate [Al (PO 3 ) 3 ], calcium metaphosphate [Ca (PO 3 ) 2 ], lithium metaphosphate [LiPO 3 ] and magnesium metaphosphate [Mg ( At least one of PO 3 ) 2 ].
  • the compounding amount of the metal metaphosphate to the coating layer is 10 to 40% by mass, preferably 20 to 40% by mass, and more preferably 20 to 30% by mass. When the amount of the metal phosphate metal salt is less than 10% by mass, the above effect is not exhibited. When the amount exceeds 40% by mass, the amount of the PTFE lubricating film formed on the surface of the counterpart increases. On the other hand, wear resistance is reduced.
  • the coating layer may further contain 3 to 20% by mass of a heat resistant resin as another additive.
  • a heat resistant resin for the purpose of further improving the low friction and wear resistance, the coating layer may further contain 3 to 20% by mass of a heat resistant resin as another additive.
  • Polyimide resin, polyamideimide resin, aromatic polyamide resin, aromatic polyester resin and polyetheretherketone resin (PEEK) may be included.
  • the polyimide resin may be either a thermosetting polyimide resin or a thermoplastic polyimide resin, but it is possible to employ a thermosetting polyimide resin that forms and cures a three-dimensional network structure by a condensation reaction or an addition reaction.
  • the thermosetting polyimide resin include, for example, “Bismaleimide (trade name)” manufactured by Ciba Geigy, “UIP-R, —S (manufactured by Ube Industries, Ltd.) Product name) ”,“ P84 (trade name) ”manufactured by Ranging Co., and the like, and a preferable example of the thermoplastic polyimide resin is“ Aurum (trade name) ”manufactured by Mitsui Chemicals.
  • polyamideimide resin is “Toron (registered trademark)” manufactured by Solvay Advanced Polymers.
  • Preferred examples of the aromatic polyamide resin include meta-type polymetaphenylene isophthalamide resin, para-type polyparaphenylene terephthalamide resin, and copolyparaphenylene 3,4'-oxydiphenylene terephthalamide resin.
  • Preferable examples of the meta-type polymetaphenylene isophthalamide resin include “Conex (trade name)” manufactured by Teijin Limited and “Nomex (trade name)” manufactured by DuPont.
  • Preferable examples of the para-type polyparaphenylene terephthalamide resin include “Kevlar (trade name)” manufactured by DuPont and “Twaron (trade name)” manufactured by Teijin Twaron Co., Ltd.
  • Preferable examples of the 4′-oxydiphenylene terephthalamide resin include “Technola (trade name)” manufactured by Teijin Limited.
  • the aromatic polyester resin is an oxybenzoyl polyester having a repeating unit represented by Chemical Formula 1 and is a homopolymer of parahydroxybenzoic acid and a copolymer of parahydroxybenzoic acid, aromatic dicarboxylic acid and aromatic diol.
  • Polymers (copolymers) can be used, particularly preferably homopolymers of parahydroxybenzoic acid are used. These resins have a plate-like crystal structure and are excellent in self-lubricating properties.
  • a preferred example of the aromatic polyester resin is “Sumika Super E101S (trade name)” manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd., and this aromatic polyester resin is used in the form of powder.
  • PEEK polyetheretherketone resin
  • a heat-resistant resin including at least one of a polyimide resin, a polyamide-imide resin, an aromatic polyamide resin, an aromatic polyester resin and a polyether ether ketone resin has an effect of improving the low friction and wear resistance of the coating layer. Demonstrate.
  • the blending amount of the heat resistant resin is preferably 3 to 20% by mass, more preferably 5 to 15% by mass. When the blending amount is less than 3% by mass, no effect is observed in improving the wear resistance. When the blending amount exceeds 20% by mass, not only the moldability of the coating layer is adversely affected but also the strength of the coating layer. There is a risk of lowering.
  • the average particle size of the powder used for these heat resistant resins is 3 to 100 ⁇ m, preferably 5 to 50 ⁇ m. If the average particle size exceeds 100 ⁇ m or less than 3 ⁇ m, the load sharing ability is poor, and sufficient load resistance, wear resistance, and low friction may not be obtained.
  • a rack and pinion type steering device of the present invention includes a gear case, a pinion rotatably supported by the gear case, a rack bar formed with rack teeth meshing with the pinion, and a slidably supported rack bar.
  • the rack includes a rack guide and a spring that presses the rack guide toward the rack bar.
  • the rack guide has a cylindrical outer peripheral surface that is slidably in contact with the cylindrical inner peripheral surface of the gear case.
  • the multi-layer sliding member is fixed to the rack guide base with a back metal, and the coating layer of the multi-layer sliding member is slidably in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the rack bar. It has a concave surface.
  • the rack guide base includes an arc-shaped concave surface on which the back metal of the multilayer sliding member is seated, and a circular hole formed in the center of the bottom of the arc-shaped concave surface.
  • the multilayer sliding member is integrally formed with the main body having a convex surface having a shape complementary to the concave surface and the arc-shaped concave surface of the rack guide base, and at the center of the bottom of the convex surface.
  • a cylindrical hollow protruding portion that is formed and fitted into the hole of the rack guide base may be provided.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional explanatory view of a multilayer sliding member as a preferred example of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional explanatory view of a rack and pinion type steering apparatus according to a preferred example of the present invention.
  • 3 is a cross-sectional explanatory view taken along the line III-III shown in FIG. 4 of the rack guide of the example shown in FIG. 4 is an explanatory plan view of the rack guide shown in FIG.
  • the rack and pinion type steering device 1 of this specific example is rotated by a gear case 3 made of aluminum or aluminum alloy having a hollow portion 2 and rolling bearings 4 and 5 on the gear case 3.
  • a steering shaft 6 that is freely supported, and a pinion that is provided integrally with a shaft end portion (pinion shaft) of the steering shaft 6 and that is rotatably supported by the gear case 3 via the steering shaft 6 in the hollow portion 2.
  • a rack bar 9 formed with rack teeth 8 meshing with the pinion 7
  • a rack guide 10 disposed in the hollow portion 2 of the gear case 3 and slidably supporting the rack bar 9, and a rack guide
  • a spring 11 made of a coil spring that presses 10 toward the rack bar 9.
  • the gear case 3 has a cylindrical portion 12, and a rack bar 9 that penetrates the gear case 3 in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the steering shaft 6 and is movably arranged in the direction perpendicular thereto,
  • An arcuate outer peripheral surface 13 is provided on the back side facing the surface on which the rack teeth 8 are formed.
  • the rack guide 10 includes a circular hole 16 formed of a through hole formed in the center of the bottom of the arcuate concave surface 14 in communication with the arcuate concave surface 14, the recess 15, and the recess 15, and a cylindrical inner periphery of the cylindrical portion 12.
  • a rack guide base 19 having a cylindrical outer peripheral surface 18 that is slidably in contact with the surface 17 with a sliding gap, and formed of aluminum, aluminum alloy, zinc, zinc alloy, or iron-based sintered metal, and rack guide base 19
  • the sliding plate piece 20 has an arcuate convex surface 21 complementary to the arcuate concave surface 14 and a concave surface 25 complementary to the convex surface 21.
  • An arc-shaped main body 22 having a cylindrical shape, a cylindrical hollow protrusion 23 formed integrally with the main body 22 and extending from the center of the bottom of the convex surface 21 toward the hole 16, and a tip of the hollow protrusion 23 Formed
  • the sliding plate piece 20 has a hollow projecting portion 23 fitted in the hole 16 so that the sliding plate piece 20 is closely seated on the arcuate concave surface 14 by the convex surface 21.
  • the sliding plate piece 20 is fixed to the rack guide base body 19 and includes a back metal 31 made of a steel plate as shown in FIG. 1 and a porous metal sintered layer 32 integrally formed on the surface of the back metal 31.
  • a covering layer (sliding layer) 33 made of a synthetic resin composition filled in the pores of the sintered porous metal layer 32 and deposited on the surface thereof, the covering layer 33 being a metal metaphosphate
  • a multilayer sliding member 30 made of a synthetic resin composition containing 10 to 40% by mass or 10 to 40% by mass of a metal metaphosphate and 3 to 20% by mass of a heat resistant resin and a tetrafluoroethylene resin is used.
  • the outer peripheral surface Concave 25 which supports the rack bar 9 slidably 3 slidably contacts the is made from the surface 34 of the covering layer 33.
  • a rack guide that is movable in a V direction that is a direction perpendicular to the axis of the steering shaft 6 and that presses against the arc-shaped outer peripheral surface 13 with a concave surface 25 by a spring 11. 10 indicates that the rotation of the steering shaft 6 in the R direction ensures the meshing of the rack teeth 8 with the pinion 7 and is perpendicular to the axis of the steering shaft 6 due to the meshing (on the paper surface of FIG. 2). The movement of the rack bar 9 is guided in the vertical direction).
  • a back metal 31 made of a steel plate, a porous metal sintered layer 32 deposited on one surface of the back metal 31, and a pore of the porous metal sintered layer 32 are filled and deposited on the surface.
  • a method for manufacturing the multilayer sliding member 30 shown in FIG. 1 including the covering layer 33 made of the synthetic resin composition will be described.
  • a steel plate particularly a general structural rolled steel plate, is preferably used. It is preferable to use a continuous strip provided as a hoop material by winding it in a coil shape, but it is not necessarily limited to a continuous strip, and a strip cut to an appropriate length can also be used. These strips may be subjected to copper plating or tin plating as necessary to improve corrosion resistance.
  • the thickness of the steel plate as the backing metal is preferably about 0.5 to 1.5 mm.
  • the porous metal sintered layer 32 a metal powder made of copper alloy powder or the like that passes through approximately 100 meshes such as bronze, lead bronze, or phosphor bronze having excellent frictional wear characteristics is usually used.
  • metal powders other than copper alloy powder, such as aluminum alloy and iron, may be used.
  • the metal powder may be in the form of a lump, a sphere, or an irregular shape.
  • the thickness of the sintered porous metal layer 32 is preferably about 0.15 to 0.40 mm, more preferably 0.2 to 0.3 mm, and the porosity is about 10% by volume or more, especially 15 to A volume of 40% is recommended.
  • a petroleum-based solvent is added to a mixture obtained by mixing the PTFE powder and the additive powder, and the mixture is stirred and mixed to obtain a synthetic resin composition imparted with wettability.
  • the mixing of the PTFE powder and the additive powder and the stirring and mixing of the mixture and the petroleum solvent are carried out at a temperature below the room temperature transition point (19 ° C.) of PTFE, preferably 10 to 18 ° C. By adopting such temperature conditions, fiber formation of PTFE is prevented, wettability is imparted, and a synthetic resin composition in which PTFE powder, additive powder and petroleum solvent are uniformly mixed can be obtained. .
  • the petroleum solvent in addition to naphtha, toluene and xylene, a mixed solvent of these with an aliphatic solvent or a naphthenic solvent is used.
  • the ratio of the petroleum solvent used is preferably 15 to 30 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the mixture of PTFE powder and additive powder.
  • the proportion of the petroleum solvent used is less than 15 parts by mass, wettability is imparted in the filling and adhering step of the synthetic resin composition containing PTFE powder and additive powder to the porous metal sintered layer 32 described later.
  • the spreadability of the synthetic resin composition thus obtained is poor, and as a result, uneven filling of the synthetic resin composition on the porous metal sintered layer 32 tends to occur.
  • the multilayer sliding member 30 of the present invention can be manufactured through the following steps (a) to (d), for example.
  • Step (a) A synthetic resin composition with wettability is sprayed and supplied to the surface of a porous metal sintered layer 32 formed on one surface of a back metal 31 made of a steel plate or the like, and rolled with a roller to be sintered with the porous metal sintered layer.
  • the synthetic resin composition is filled in the 32 pores, and a layer made of the synthetic resin composition having a uniform thickness is formed on the surface of the porous metal sintered layer 32.
  • the thickness of the layer made of the synthetic resin composition is 2 to 2.2 times the thickness of the coating layer 33 required in the final product. Most of the filling of the synthetic resin composition into the pores of the porous metal sintered layer 32 proceeds in this step.
  • Step (b) By holding the back metal 31 having the porous metal sintered layer 32 and the synthetic resin composition layer treated in the step (a) for several minutes in a drying furnace heated to a temperature of 200 to 250 ° C., After removing the petroleum solvent, the pressure roller under a pressure of 29.4 to 58.8 MPa (300 to 600 kgf / cm 2 ) so that the dried synthetic resin composition layer has a predetermined thickness by the roller To process.
  • Step (c) The back metal 31 having the porous metal sintered layer 32 and the synthetic resin composition layer treated in the step (b) is introduced into a heating furnace and heated at a temperature of 360 to 380 ° C. for several minutes to 10 several minutes. After firing, the product is taken out from the furnace, and the dimensional variation is adjusted again by roller processing.
  • Step (d) The back metal 31 having the porous metal sintered layer 32 and the synthetic resin composition layer whose dimensions are adjusted in the step (c) is cooled (air cooling or natural cooling), and then the back metal 31 is swung as necessary. In order to correct, a correction roller process is performed to obtain a desired multilayer sliding member 30.
  • the porous metal sintered layer 32 has a thickness of 0.10 to 0.40 mm, and is a coating layer formed from a synthetic resin composition
  • the thickness of 33 is 0.02 to 0.15 mm.
  • the multi-layer sliding member 30 obtained in this way is cut into an appropriate size and used as a sliding plate in a flat state, and is rounded and used, for example, as a sliding plate piece 20 or a cylindrical wound bush. Is done.
  • Examples 1-7 One metal phosphate metal salt of magnesium metaphosphate, aluminum metaphosphate, calcium metaphosphate, and lithium metaphosphate as the metal phosphate metal salt and PTFE for fine powder as PTFE ("Polyflon (registered trademark) F201 (manufactured by Daikin Industries, Ltd.) The synthetic resin composition with the product name))) is fed into the Henschel mixer at the ratio shown in Table 2 and mixed with stirring and mixed with 100 parts by mass of an aliphatic solvent and naphthene as a petroleum solvent.
  • PTFE Polyflon (registered trademark) F201 (manufactured by Daikin Industries, Ltd.) The synthetic resin composition with the product name)
  • the obtained synthetic resin composition is sprayed and supplied to the surface of a porous metal (bronze) sintered layer (thickness 0.2 mm) 32 deposited on the surface of a steel plate (thickness 0.7 mm) as a backing metal 31. Then, it was rolled with a roller so that the thickness of the synthetic resin composition was 0.25 mm to obtain a multilayer board in which the pores and the surface of the porous metal sintered layer 32 were filled and adhered with the synthetic resin composition.
  • the obtained multilayer board was kept in a hot air drying oven at 200 ° C. for 5 minutes to remove the solvent, and then the dried synthetic resin composition was rolled with a roller at a pressure of 39.2 MPa (400 kgf / cm 2 ).
  • the thickness of the synthetic resin composition deposited on the surface of the sintered porous metal layer 32 was 0.10 mm.
  • the multilayered plate subjected to pressure treatment was heated and fired at a temperature of 370 ° C. for 10 minutes in a heating furnace, and then subjected to correction such as dimensional adjustment and swell, and the multilayered sliding member 30 was produced.
  • the multilayered sliding member 30 having been corrected is cut and bent to obtain a semicylindrical multilayered sliding member test piece having a radius of 10.0 mm, a length of 20.0 mm, and a thickness of 1.0 mm. .
  • thermosetting polyimide resin (“Bismaleimide (trade name)” manufactured by Ciba Geigy Co., Ltd.), an aromatic polyamide resin (manufactured by Teijin Ltd.) “Conex (trade name)”, aromatic polyester resin (“SUMICA SUPER E101S (trade name)” manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd.) and polyether ether ketone resin (PEEK) (“PEEK450PF” (trade name) manufactured by Victrex ) ”)
  • PEEK polyether ether ketone resin
  • Comparative Example 1 As shown in Table 5, with respect to 100 parts by mass of the mixture obtained by supplying 80% by mass of PTFE and 20% by mass of lead powder as in Examples 1 to 18 into a Henschel mixer and stirring and mixing them, Example 1 20 parts by mass of the same petroleum solvent as in -18 was blended and mixed at a temperature (15 ° C.) below the room temperature transition point of PTFE to obtain a synthetic resin composition. Subsequently, a semicylindrical multilayer sliding member test piece having a radius of 10.0 mm, a length of 20.0 mm, and a thickness of 1.0 mm was obtained in the same manner as in Examples 1 to 18.
  • Comparative Example 2 As shown in Table 5, 70% by mass of PTFE as in Examples 1 to 18, 10% by mass of calcium hydrogen phosphate as phosphate and 20% by mass of lead powder were supplied into a Henschel mixer and mixed with stirring. To 100 parts by mass of the mixture, 20 parts by mass of the same petroleum solvent as in Examples 1 to 18 was blended and mixed at a temperature (15 ° C.) below the room temperature transition point of PTFE to obtain a synthetic resin composition. Subsequently, a semicylindrical multilayer sliding member test piece having a radius of 10.0 mm, a length of 20.0 mm, and a thickness of 1.0 mm was obtained in the same manner as in Examples 1 to 18.

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Abstract

本発明は、裏金（３１）と、この裏金（３１）の一方の表面に形成された多孔質金属焼結層（３２）と、この多孔質金属焼結層（３２）の孔隙及び表面に充填被着されていると共に四フッ化エチレン樹脂に加えてメタリン酸金属塩を１０～４０質量％含んでいる被覆層（３３）とを具備した複層摺動部材（摺動板片２１）、及び、この複層摺動部材（摺動板片２１）を備えるラックピニオン式舵取装置（１）に関する。

Description

複層摺動部材及びそれを用いた自動車のラックピニオン式舵取装置
　本発明は、摩擦摩耗特性に優れた複層摺動部材及びそれを用いた自動車のラックピニオン式舵取装置に関する。
　鋼板からなる裏金とこの裏金の一方の表面に形成された多孔質金属焼結層とこの多孔質金属焼結層の孔隙及び表面に充填被着された被覆層とからなる複層摺動部材（特許文献１乃至特許文献３参照）は、被覆層を内側にして円筒状に捲回した所謂巻きブッシュの形態で又は摺動板の形態で各種機械装置における回転軸又は往復動体を円滑に摺動自在に支承する支持手段に、また、自動車のラックピニオン式舵取装置におけるラックバーを円滑に摺動自在に支承するラックガイド（特許文献４参照）に広く使用されている。
　斯かる複層摺動部材の被覆層には、耐薬品性及び耐熱性を有する四フッ化エチレン樹脂（以下、ＰＴＦＥという）が広く使用されているが、ＰＴＦＥ単独からなる被覆層は、耐摩耗性及び耐荷重性に劣るため、複層摺動部材の使用用途に応じて、被覆層には、各種の添加材が付加されて、ＰＴＦＥ自体の欠点が補われている。
特公昭３９－１６９５０号公報 特開平８－４１４８４号公報 特公昭６１－５２３２２号公報 実公平１－２７４９５号公報
　各種用途に使用される複層摺動部材において、特許文献１に記載の添加材としての鉛又は鉛酸化物は、環境負荷物質であることから、環境汚染、公害などの見地からその使用を断念せざるを得ない状況下にあり、特許文献２に記載の添加材としてのリン酸塩及び硫酸バリウム、珪酸マグネシウム及びマイカ並びに鉛、錫、鉛錫合金及びこれらの混合物、そして特許文献３に記載の添加材としての四フッ化エチレン－パーフロロアルキルビニルエーテル共重合樹脂は、耐荷重性及び耐摩耗性の点で自動車のラックピニオン式舵取装置におけるラックガイドには適用し難い。
　本発明は、上記諸点に鑑みてなされたものであって、その目的とするところは、耐荷重性及び耐摩耗性に優れた複層摺動部材及びそれを用いた自動車のラックピニオン式舵取装置を提供することにある。
　本発明の複層摺動部材は、裏金と、この裏金の一方の表面に形成された多孔質金属焼結層と、この多孔質金属焼結層の孔隙及び表面に充填被着されていると共にＰＴＦＥに加えてメタリン酸金属塩を１０～４０質量％含んでいる被覆層とを具備している。
　本発明の複層摺動部材の被覆層において、主成分をなすＰＴＦＥには、主に成形用に使用されるモールディングパウダー又はファインパウダーのＰＴＦＥが使用されて好適であり、モールディングパウダー用ＰＴＦＥの好ましい例としては、三井デュポンフロロケミカル社製の「テフロン（登録商標）７－Ｊ（商品名）」、「テフロン（登録商標）７０－Ｊ（商品名）」等、ダイキン工業社製の「ポリフロン（登録商標）Ｍ－１２（商品名）」等、旭硝子社製の「フルオン（登録商標）Ｇ１６３（商品名）」、「フルオン（登録商標）Ｇ１９０（商品名）」等が挙げられる一方、ファインパウダー用ＰＴＦＥの好ましい例としては、三井デュポンフロロケミカル社製の「テフロン（登録商標）６ＣＪ（商品名）」等、ダイキン工業社製の「ポリフロン（登録商標）Ｆ２０１（商品名）」等、旭硝子社製の「フルオン（登録商標）ＣＤ０９７Ｅ（商品名）」等が挙げられる。
　被覆層を形成するＰＴＦＥの配合量は、好ましくは５０質量％以上、より好ましくは５０～７５質量％である。
　被覆層を形成する主成分であるＰＴＦＥに対する添加材としてのメタリン酸金属塩は、それ自体、黒鉛や二硫化モリブデン等の固体潤滑剤のような潤滑性を示す物質ではないが、主成分をなすＰＴＦＥに加えて被覆層に配合されて、ＰＴＦＥ単独の耐摩耗性及び耐荷重性に劣る欠点を解消し、相手材との摺動において、相手材表面（摺動面）へのＰＴＦＥの潤滑被膜の造膜性を助長し、初期なじみ性を向上させると共に耐摩耗性及び耐荷重性の向上に効果を発揮する。
　本発明において、メタリン酸金属塩は、好ましくは、メタリン酸アルミニウム〔Ａｌ（ＰＯ３）３〕、メタリン酸カルシウム〔Ｃａ（ＰＯ３）２〕、メタリン酸リチウム〔ＬｉＰＯ３〕及びメタリン酸マグネシウム〔Ｍｇ（ＰＯ３）２〕のうちの少なくとも一つを含んでいる。このメタリン酸金属塩の被覆層への配合量は１０～４０質量％、好ましくは２０～４０質量％、更に好ましくは２０～３０質量％である。メタリン酸金属塩の被覆層への配合量が１０質量％未満では、上記効果が発揮されず、また４０質量％を超えると、相手材の表面へのＰＴＦＥの潤滑被膜の造膜量が多くなりすぎ、却って耐摩耗性を低下させる。
　本発明においては、更に低摩擦性及び耐摩耗性の向上を目的として、被覆層は、他の添加材として耐熱性樹脂を３～２０質量％更に含んでいてもよく、斯かる耐熱性樹脂は、ポリイミド樹脂、ポリアミドイミド樹脂、芳香族ポリアミド樹脂、芳香族ポリエステル樹脂及びポリエーテルエーテルケトン樹脂（ＰＥＥＫ）のうちの少なくとも一つを含んでいてもよい。
　ポリイミド樹脂としては、熱硬化性ポリイミド樹脂又は熱可塑性ポリイミド樹脂のいずれであってもよいが、縮合反応又は付加反応によって三次元網目構造を形成して硬化する熱硬化性ポリイミド樹脂を採用することが、優れた摺動部材を得るために好ましく、熱硬化性ポリイミド樹脂の好ましい例としては、例えばチバガイギー社製の「ビスマレイミド（商品名）」、宇部興産社製の「ＵＩＰ－Ｒ、－Ｓ（商品名）」、レンジング社製の「Ｐ８４（商品名）」等が挙げられ、また、熱可塑性ポリイミド樹脂の好ましい例としては、三井化学社製の「オーラム（商品名）」が挙げられる。
　ポリアミドイミド樹脂の好ましい例としては、ソルベイアドバンストポリマーズ社製の「トーロン（登録商標）」が挙げられる。
　芳香族ポリアミド樹脂の好ましい例としては、メタ型のポリメタフェニレンイソフタルアミド樹脂、パラ型のポリパラフェニレンテレフタルアミド樹脂及びコポリパラフェニレン・３，４’－オキシジフェニレン・テレフタルアミド樹脂が挙げられ、メタ型のポリメタフェニレンイソフタルアミド樹脂の好ましい例としては、帝人社製の「コーネックス（商品名）」、デュポン社製の「ノーメックス（商品名）」が挙げられる。パラ型のポリパラフェニレンテレフタルアミド樹脂の好ましい例としては、デュポン社製の「ケブラー（商品名）」、テイジン・トワロン社製の「トワロン（商品名）」が挙げられ、コポリパラフェニレン・３，４’－オキシジフェニレン・テレフタルアミド樹脂の好ましい例としては、帝人社製の「テクノーラ（商品名）」が挙げられる。これらの芳香族ポリアミド樹脂は、粉末の形態で使用される。
　芳香族ポリエステル樹脂には、化学式１で示される繰り返し単位を有するオキシベンゾイルポリエステルで、パラヒドロキシ安息香酸の単独重合体（ホモポリマー）及びパラヒドロキシ安息香酸と芳香族ジカルボン酸と芳香族ジオールとの共重合体（コポリマー）が使用され得、特に、パラヒドロキシ安息香酸のホモポリマーが使用されて好適である。これら樹脂の結晶構造は、板状結晶構造を呈し、自己潤滑性に優れている。芳香族ポリエステル樹脂の好ましい例としては、住友化学社製の「スミカスーパーＥ１０１Ｓ（商品名）」が挙げられ、この芳香族ポリエステル樹脂は、粉末の形態で使用される。
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-C000001
　ポリエーテルエーテルケトン樹脂（ＰＥＥＫ）の好ましい例としては、ビクトレックス社製の「ＰＥＥＫ－１５０ＰＦ、４５０ＰＦ」等が挙げられる。
　ポリイミド樹脂、ポリアミドイミド樹脂、芳香族ポリアミド樹脂、芳香族ポリエステル樹脂及びポリエーテルエーテルケトン樹脂のうちの少なくとも一つを含む耐熱性樹脂は、被覆層の低摩擦性及び耐摩耗性を向上させる効果を発揮する。耐熱性樹脂の配合量は、好ましくは３～２０質量％、より好ましくは５～１５質量％である。配合量が３質量％未満の場合は、耐摩耗性の向上に効果が認められず、また、２０質量％を超えた場合は、被覆層の成形性に悪影響を及ぼすばかりでなく被覆層の強度低下を招く虞がある。これら耐熱性樹脂に用いられる粉末の平均粒径は３～１００μｍ、好ましくは５～５０μｍである。平均粒径が１００μｍを超えるか又は３μｍ未満では、荷重分担能力に乏しく、十分な耐荷重性、耐摩耗性及び低摩擦性が得られない虞がある。
　本発明のラックピニオン式舵取装置は、ギヤケースと、このギヤケースに回転自在に支持されたピニオンと、このピニオンに噛み合うラック歯が形成されたラックバーと、このラックバーを摺動自在に支持するラックガイドと、このラックガイドをラックバーに向って押圧するばねとを具備しており、ラックガイドは、ギヤケースの筒状の内周面に摺動自在に接する筒状の外周面を有したラックガイド基体と、このラックガイド基体に裏金で固着された上記の複層摺動部材とを具備しており、複層摺動部材の被覆層は、ラックバーの外周面に摺動自在に接触する凹面を有している。

　本発明のラックピニオン式舵取装置において、ラックガイド基体は、複層摺動部材の裏金が着座した円弧状凹面と、この円弧状凹面の底部中央に形成された円形の孔とを備えていてもよく、この場合、複層摺動部材は、前記凹面及びラックガイド基体の円弧状凹面に相補的な形状をもった凸面を有した本体と、この凸面の底部の中央において本体に一体的に形成されていると共にラックガイド基体の孔に嵌入された円筒状の中空突出部とを備えていてもよい。
　本発明によれば、耐荷重性及び耐摩耗性に優れた複層摺動部材及びそれを用いた自動車のラックピニオン式舵取装置を提供することができる。
図１は、本発明の好ましい一例の複層摺動部材の断面説明図である。 図２は、本発明の好ましい一例のラックピニオン式舵取装置の断面説明図である。 図３は、図２に示す例のラックガイドの図４に示すＩＩＩ―ＩＩＩ線矢視断面説明図である。 図４は、図３に示すラックガイドの平面説明図である。
　次に、本発明及びその実施の形態を、図に示す好ましい具体例及び実施例に基づいて更に詳細に説明する。なお、本発明はこれらの具体例及び実施例に何等限定されないのである。
　図１から図４において、本具体例のラックピニオン式舵取装置１は、中空部２を有したアルミニウム又はアルミニウム合金製のギアケース３と、ギアケース３にころがり軸受４及び５を介して回転自在に支持されたステアリング軸６と、ステアリング軸６の軸端部（ピニオン軸）に一体的に設けられていると共に中空部２においてステアリング軸６を介してギヤケース３に回転自在に支持されたピニオン７と、ピニオン７に噛み合うラック歯８が形成されたラックバー９と、ギアケース３の中空部２内に配されていると共にラックバー９を摺動自在に支持するラックガイド１０と、ラックガイド１０をラックバー９に向って押圧するコイルばねからなるばね１１とを具備している。
　ギアケース３は、円筒部１２を有しており、ステアリング軸６の軸心に対して直角な方向においてギアケース３を貫通すると共に当該直角な方向に移動自在に配されたラックバー９は、ラック歯８が形成された面に対向する裏面側に円弧状の外周面１３を有している。
　ラックガイド１０は、円弧状凹面１４、凹所１５、凹所１５に連通して円弧状凹面１４の底部中央に形成された貫通孔からなる円形の孔１６及び円筒部１２の筒状の内周面１７に摺動隙間をもって摺動自在に接する筒状の外周面１８を有すると共にアルミニウム若しくはアルミニウム合金、亜鉛若しくは亜鉛合金又は鉄系焼結金属から形成されるラックガイド基体１９と、ラックガイド基体１９に固着された摺動板片２０とを具備しており、摺動板片２０は、円弧状凹面１４と相補的な形状の円弧状の凸面２１及び凸面２１と相補的な形状の凹面２５を有した円弧状の本体２２と、本体２２に一体的に形成されていると共に凸面２１の底部中央から孔１６に向って伸びた円筒状の中空突出部２３と、中空突出部２３の先端に一体的に形成されている補強部としての先端閉塞部２４とを具備しており、摺動板片２０は、凸面２１で円弧状凹面１４に密に着座するように中空突出部２３が孔１６に嵌着されてラックガイド基体１９に固定されており、摺動板片２０には、図１に示すような、鋼板からなる裏金３１と、裏金３１の表面に一体に形成された多孔質金属焼結層３２と、多孔質金属焼結層３２の孔隙に充填され且つその表面に被着された合成樹脂組成物からなる被覆層（摺動層）３３とを有しており、被覆層３３がメタリン酸金属塩１０～４０質量％又はメタリン酸金属塩１０～４０質量％及び耐熱性樹脂３～２０質量％と四フッ化エチレン樹脂とを含む合成樹脂組成物からなる複層摺動部材３０が使用されており、複層摺動部材３０からなる摺動板片２０において、外周面１３に摺動自在に接触してラックバー９を摺動自在に支持する凹面２５は、被覆層３３の表面３４からなっている。
　ラックピニオン式舵取装置１において、ステアリング軸６の軸心に対して直角な方向であるＶ方向に移動自在となっていると共にばね１１によって円弧状の外周面１３に凹面２５で押圧するラックガイド１０は、ステアリング軸６のＲ方向の回転において、ラック歯８のピニオン７への噛み合いを確保して、しかも、当該噛み合いによるステアリング軸６の軸心に対して直角な方向（図２の紙面に垂直な方向）にラックバー９の移動を案内する。
　次に、鋼板からなる裏金３１と、裏金３１の一方の表面に被着形成された多孔質金属焼結層３２と、多孔質金属焼結層３２の孔隙に充填され且つその表面に被着された合成樹脂組成物からなる被覆層３３とを含む図１に示す複層摺動部材３０の製造方法について説明する。
　裏金３１には、鋼板、特に一般構造用圧延鋼板が好適に使用される。鋼板は、コイル状に巻いてフープ材として提供される連続条片を使用することが好ましいが、必ずしも連続条片に限らず、適当な長さに切断した条片を使用することもできる。これらの条片は、必要に応じて銅メッキ又は錫メッキなどを施して耐食性を向上させたものであってもよい。裏金としての鋼板の厚さは、概ね０．５～１．５ｍｍであることが好ましい。
　多孔質金属焼結層３２には、通常、摩擦摩耗特性に優れた青銅、鉛青銅又はリン青銅等の概ね１００メッシュを通過する銅合金粉末等からなる金属粉末が用いられるが、目的に応じては銅合金粉末以外の、例えばアルミニウム合金、鉄などの金属粉末も使用し得る。この金属粉末の粒子形態は、塊状、球状又は不規則形状のものを使用し得る。多孔質金属焼結層３２では、金属粉末同士が、そして、金属粉末と鋼板等の条片とが夫々強固に焼結結合されていて、厚さが一定で、多孔度が必要とされる値でなければならない。多孔質金属焼結層３２の厚さは、概ね０．１５～０．４０ｍｍ、就中０．２～０．３ｍｍであることが好ましく、多孔度は、概ね１０容積％以上、就中１５～４０容積％であることが推奨される。
　被覆層３３を形成するに際しては、ＰＴＦＥ粉末と添加材粉末とを混合して得られた混合物に石油系溶剤を加えて攪拌混合して、湿潤性が付与された合成樹脂組成物を得る。ＰＴＦＥ粉末と添加材粉末との混合及びこの混合物と石油系溶剤との攪拌混合は、ＰＴＦＥの室温転移点（１９℃）以下、好ましくは１０～１８℃の温度で行なわれる。斯かる温度条件の採用により、ＰＴＦＥの繊維状化が妨げられ、湿潤性が付与され、しかも、ＰＴＦＥ粉末、添加材粉末及び石油系溶剤が均一に混合された合成樹脂組成物を得ることができる。
　石油系溶剤としては、ナフサ、トルエン、キシレンのほか、これらと脂肪族系溶剤又はナフテン系溶剤との混合溶剤が使用される。石油系溶剤の使用割合は、好ましくは、ＰＴＦＥ粉末と添加材粉末との混合物１００質量部に対し１５～３０質量部である。石油系溶剤の使用割合が１５質量部未満の場合は、後述する多孔質金属焼結層３２へのＰＴＦＥ粉末と添加材粉末とを含む合成樹脂組成物の充填被着工程において、湿潤性が付与された合成樹脂組成物の展延性が悪く、その結果、多孔質金属焼結層３２への合成樹脂組成物の充填被着にムラが生じ易くなる。一方、石油系溶剤の使用割合が３０質量部を超える場合は、合成樹脂組成物の粘度が低下することにより斯かる充填被着作業が困難となるばかりでなく、合成樹脂組成物の多孔質金属焼結層３２への被着の厚さの均一性が損なわれ、合成樹脂組成物と多孔質金属焼結層３２との密着強度が悪くなる。
　本発明の複層摺動部材３０は、例えば以下の工程（ａ）～（ｄ）を経て製造され得る。
　工程（ａ）
　鋼板等からなる裏金３１の一方の表面に形成された多孔質金属焼結層３２の表面に湿潤性が付与された合成樹脂組成物を散布供給し、ローラで圧延して多孔質金属焼結層３２の孔隙中に合成樹脂組成物を充填するとともに多孔質金属焼結層３２の表面に一様な厚さの合成樹脂組成物からなる層を形成する。この工程において、合成樹脂組成物からなる層の厚さは、最終製品において必要とされる被覆層３３の厚さの２～２．２倍とされる。多孔質金属焼結層３２の孔隙中への合成樹脂組成物の充填は、本工程でその大部分が進行する。
　工程（ｂ）
　工程（ａ）で処理された多孔質金属焼結層３２及び合成樹脂組成物からなる層をもった裏金３１を２００～２５０℃の温度に加熱された乾燥炉内で数分間保持することにより、石油系溶剤を除去し、その後、乾燥した合成樹脂組成物の層をローラによって所定の厚さになるように２９．４～５８．８ＭＰａ（３００～６００ｋｇｆ／ｃｍ２）の加圧下で加圧ローラ処理する。
　工程（ｃ）
　工程（ｂ）で処理された多孔質金属焼結層３２及び合成樹脂組成物の層をもった裏金３１を加熱炉に導入して３６０～３８０℃の温度で数分ないし１０数分間加熱して焼成を行なった後、炉から取り出し、再度ローラ処理によって寸法のバラツキを調整する。
　工程（ｄ）
　工程（ｃ）で寸法調整された多孔質金属焼結層３２及び合成樹脂組成物の層をもった裏金３１を冷却（空冷又は自然冷却）し、その後、必要に応じて裏金３１のうねりなどを矯正するため、矯正ローラ処理を行ない、所望の複層摺動部材３０とする。
　工程（ａ）～（ｄ）を経て得られた複層摺動部材３０において、多孔質金属焼結層３２の厚さは０．１０～０．４０ｍｍ、合成樹脂組成物から形成された被覆層３３の厚さは０．０２～０．１５ｍｍとされる。このようにして得られた複層摺動部材３０は、適宜の寸法に切断されて平板状態で滑り板として使用され、また丸曲げされて例えば摺動板片２０や円筒状の巻きブッシュとして使用される。
　実施例１～７
　メタリン酸金属塩としてメタリン酸マグネシウム、メタリン酸アルミニウム、メタリン酸カルシウム及びメタリン酸リチウムのうちの一つのメタリン酸金属塩と、ＰＴＦＥとしてファインパウダー用ＰＴＦＥ（ダイキン工業社製の「ポリフロン（登録商標）Ｆ２０１（商品名）」）との合成樹脂組成物を表２に示す割合でヘンシェルミキサー内に供給して撹拌混合して得られた混合物１００質量部に対して、石油系溶剤として脂肪族系溶剤とナフテン系溶剤との混合溶剤（エクソン化学社製の「エクソール（商品名）」）２０質量部を配合し、ＰＴＦＥの室温転移点以下の温度（１５℃）で混合し、湿潤性を有する合成樹脂組成物を得た。
　得られた合成樹脂組成物を裏金３１としての鋼板（厚さ０．７ｍｍ）の表面に被着形成された多孔質金属（青銅）焼結層（厚さ０．２ｍｍ）３２の表面に散布供給し、合成樹脂組成物の厚さが０．２５ｍｍとなるようにローラで圧延して多孔質金属焼結層３２の孔隙及び表面に合成樹脂組成物を充填被着した複層板を得た。得られた複層板を２００℃の熱風乾燥炉中に５分間保持して溶剤を除去した後、乾燥した合成樹脂組成物をローラによって加圧力３９．２ＭＰａ（４００ｋｇｆ／ｃｍ２）にて圧延し、多孔質金属焼結層３２の表面に被着された合成樹脂組成物の厚さを０．１０ｍｍとした。
　次に、加圧処理した複層板を加熱炉で３７０℃の温度にて１０分間加熱焼成した後、寸法調整及びうねりなどの矯正を行って複層摺動部材３０を作製した。矯正の終了した複層摺動部材３０を切断し、曲げ加工を施し、半径１０．０ｍｍ、長さ２０．０ｍｍ、厚さ１．０ｍｍの半円筒状の複層摺動部材試験片を得た。
　実施例８～１８
　実施例１～７の合成樹脂組成物に対し、追加成分として耐熱性樹脂としての熱硬化性ポリイミド樹脂（チバガイギー社製の「ビスマレイミド（商品名）」）、芳香族ポリアミド樹脂（帝人社製の「コーネックス（商品名）」）、芳香族ポリエステル樹脂（住友化学社製の「スミカスーパーＥ１０１Ｓ（商品名）」）及びポリエーテルエーテルケトン樹脂（ＰＥＥＫ）（ビクトレックス社製の「ＰＥＥＫ４５０ＰＦ（商品名）」）を配合して表３及び表４に示す合成樹脂組成物を作製し、実施例１～７と同様の方法により、半径１０．０ｍｍ、長さ２０．０ｍｍ、厚さ１．０ｍｍの半円筒状の複層摺動部材試験片を得た。
　比較例１
　表５に示すように、実施例１～１８と同じＰＴＦＥ８０質量％と鉛粉末２０質量％とをヘンシェルミキサー内に供給して撹拌混合して得られた混合物１００質量部に対して、実施例１～１８と同じ石油系溶剤２０質量部を配合し、ＰＴＦＥの室温転移点以下の温度（１５℃）で混合し、合成樹脂組成物を得た。ついで、実施例１～１８と同様の方法で、半径１０．０ｍｍ、長さ２０．０ｍｍ、厚さ１．０ｍｍの半円筒状の複層摺動部材試験片を得た。
　比較例２
　表５に示すように、実施例１～１８と同じＰＴＦＥ７０質量％とリン酸塩としてリン酸水素カルシウム１０質量％と鉛粉末２０質量％とをヘンシェルミキサー内に供給して撹拌混合して得られた混合物１００質量部に対して、実施例１～１８と同じ石油系溶剤２０質量部を配合し、ＰＴＦＥの室温転移点以下の温度（１５℃）で混合し、合成樹脂組成物を得た。ついで、実施例１～１８と同様の方法で、半径１０．０ｍｍ、長さ２０．０ｍｍ、厚さ１．０ｍｍの半円筒状の複層摺動部材試験片を得た。
　比較例３
　表５に示すように、実施例１～１８と同じＰＴＦＥ５０質量％と硫酸バリウムとして簸性硫酸バリウム１５質量％と珪酸マグネシウムとしてＳｉＯ２／ＭｇＯが２．２（質量比）の重質珪酸マグネシウム１５質量％と鉛粉末２０質量％とをヘンシェルミキサー内に供給して撹拌混合して得られた混合物１００質量部に対して、実施例１～１８と同じ石油系溶剤２０質量部を配合し、ＰＴＦＥの室温転移点以下の温度（１５℃）で混合し、合成樹脂組成物を得た。ついで、実施例１～１８と同様の方法で、半径１０．０ｍｍ、長さ２０．０ｍｍ、厚さ１．０ｍｍの半円筒状の複層摺動部材試験片を得た。
　実施例１から１８及び比較例１から比較例３で得た半円筒状の複層摺動部材試験片について、つぎの試験方法により摺動特性を評価した。
　＜往復動摺動試験＞
　表１に記載の条件で摩擦係数及び摩耗量を測定した。その試験結果を表２～表５に示し、摩擦係数については、試験終了時（２０時間経過時）での静摩擦係数の値（上欄）及び動摩擦係数の値（下欄）を示し、摩耗量については、試験時間（２０時間）終了後の摺動面の寸法変化量で示した。
　［表１］
　すべり速度 ３ｍ／ｍｉｎ
　荷重 ２００ｋｇｆ
　時間 ２０時間
　ストローク　１５０ｍｍ
　潤滑　試験前に摺動面にグリース（協同油脂社製の「モリホワイト（商品名）」）塗布
　相手材　高炭素クロム軸受鋼（ＳＵＪ２：ＪＩＳＧ４８０５）
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-T000001
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-T000002
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-T000003
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-T000004
　以上の試験結果から、実施例１から１８の複層摺動部材と比較例１から３の複層摺動部材とを比較すると、摩擦係数においては、実施例からなる複層摺動部材の方が、静止摩擦係数が若干高い傾向を示したが、動摩擦係数はほぼ同等の値を示し、摩耗量については、実施例の複層摺動部材の方が少なく、耐摩耗性に優れていることが分かる。
　１ ラックピニオン式舵取装置
　３ ギアケース
　６ ステアリング軸
　７ ピニオン
　９ ラックバー
　１０ ラックガイド
　１１　ばね
　１９　ラックガイド基体
　２０　摺動板片
　３０　複層摺動部材
　３１　裏金
　３２　多孔質金属焼結層
　３３　被覆層
 
 

Claims (6)

  1. 　裏金と、この裏金の一方の表面に形成された多孔質金属焼結層と、この多孔質金属焼結層の孔隙及び表面に充填被着されていると共に四フッ化エチレン樹脂に加えてメタリン酸金属塩を１０～４０質量％含んでいる被覆層とを具備した複層摺動部材。
  2. 　メタリン酸金属塩は、メタリン酸アルミニウム、メタリン酸カルシウム、メタリン酸リチウム及びメタリン酸マグネシウムのうちの少なくとも一つを含んでいる請求項１に記載の複層摺動部材。
  3. 　被覆層は、耐熱性樹脂を３～２０質量％更に含んでいる請求項１又は２に記載の複層摺動部材。
  4. 　耐熱性樹脂は、ポリイミド樹脂、ポリアミドイミド樹脂、芳香族ポリアミド樹脂、芳香族ポリエステル樹脂及びポリエーテルエーテルケトン樹脂のうちの少なくとも一つを含んでいる請求項３に記載の複層摺動部材。
  5. 　ギヤケースと、このギヤケースに回転自在に支持されたピニオンと、このピニオンに噛み合うラック歯が形成されたラックバーと、このラックバーを摺動自在に支持するラックガイドと、このラックガイドをラックバーに向って押圧するばねとを具備したラックピニオン式舵取装置において、ラックガイドは、ギヤケースの筒状の内周面に摺動自在に接する筒状の外周面を有したラックガイド基体と、このラックガイド基体に裏金で固着された請求項１から４のいずれか一項に記載の複層摺動部材とを具備しており、複層摺動部材の被覆層は、ラックバーの外周面に摺動自在に接触する凹面を有しているラックピニオン式舵取装置。
  6. 　ラックガイド基体は、複層摺動部材の裏金が着座した円弧状凹面と、この円弧状凹面の底部中央に形成された円形の孔とを備えており、複層摺動部材は、前記凹面及びラックガイド基体の円弧状凹面に相補的な形状をもった凸面を有した本体と、この凸面の底部の中央において本体に一体的に形成されていると共にラックガイド基体の孔に嵌入された円筒状の中空突出部とを備えている請求項５に記載のラックピニオン式舵取装置。
     
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