WO2016163052A1 - サンプル分離転写装置およびサンプル分析方法 - Google Patents
サンプル分離転写装置およびサンプル分析方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2016163052A1 WO2016163052A1 PCT/JP2015/084342 JP2015084342W WO2016163052A1 WO 2016163052 A1 WO2016163052 A1 WO 2016163052A1 JP 2015084342 W JP2015084342 W JP 2015084342W WO 2016163052 A1 WO2016163052 A1 WO 2016163052A1
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- buffer tank
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- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
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- G01N35/02—Automatic analysis not limited to methods or materials provided for in any single one of groups G01N1/00 - G01N33/00; Handling materials therefor using a plurality of sample containers moved by a conveyor system past one or more treatment or analysis stations
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to an electrophoresis technique, and more particularly to a sample separation and transfer apparatus that separates a specimen by electrophoresis, transfers the separated specimen to a transfer film, and performs subsequent processing.
- proteins one of the biopolymers, are directly involved in the functions of living cells, organs, and organs, and are largely due to differences in amino acid sequence and three-dimensional structure, chemical modifications such as sugar chains and phosphorylation. It is beginning to become clear that it can cause various diseases.
- proteome analyzes are being conducted.
- the proteome means a specific cell, organ, and the whole protein produced by translation in the organ. Examples of the analysis include protein profiling and functional analysis.
- proteins synthesized in vivo after protein translation are controlled by post-translational modifications such as phosphorylation, and information on chemical modification of proteins will be available in the future. It can be one of the important items in proteome analysis. Therefore, a method for separating and detecting a sample containing a plurality of proteins with high accuracy is regarded as important, and development of an apparatus for that purpose is being promoted.
- a method of performing Western blotting after electrophoresis is mainly used to detect chemical modification of proteins.
- a protein sample separated by electrophoresis is adsorbed and immobilized on a transfer membrane by a technique called transfer (blotting). Thereafter, when the protein adsorbed on the transfer film is overlaid with a specific antibody or probe that is fluorescently or radioactively labeled, the specific protein can be detected based on the antigen-antibody reaction.
- This series of flows is called Western blotting.
- the transfer film a nitrocellulose film or a PVDF (Polyvinylidene difluoride) film that is easy to bind a sample and has high hydrophobicity is used.
- Patent Documents 1 and 2 disclose an apparatus that automates a series of operations from electrophoresis to blotting.
- Patent Document 3 discloses a gel cassette for performing migration and transfer simultaneously.
- Patent Document 4 discloses an apparatus for automatically processing a transfer body onto which a biological sample has been transferred.
- the conventional technology as described above has a problem that the separation and transfer of the specimen and the subsequent processing cannot be automatically performed.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and a main object thereof is to provide a novel technique for automatically performing separation and transfer of a specimen and subsequent processing.
- a sample separation transfer device separates a specimen by electrophoresis, discharges the separated specimen from a discharge section in a buffer tank, and discharges the transfer film.
- the separation and transfer of the specimen and the subsequent processing can be performed automatically, and the effect of improving the efficiency of the Western blotting experiment is achieved.
- FIG. 1 It is a perspective view which shows schematic structure of the sample separation transfer apparatus concerning Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows schematic structure of the sample separation transcription
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view schematically showing the configuration of the sample separation / transfer apparatus 100.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the configuration of the sample separation / transfer apparatus 100.
- FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing the position of the nozzles in the sample separation / transfer apparatus 100.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram for explaining the function of the partition plate in the sample separation / transfer apparatus 100.
- the sample separation / transfer apparatus 100 separates the specimen by electrophoresis, discharges the separated specimen from the discharge section, and moves the transfer film in contact with the discharge section. After transferring the specimen separated by the above to the transfer film, the solution in the anode buffer tank is replaced using a pump, and the subsequent processing, that is, washing, blocking, antibody reaction and detection reaction (color development or luminescence, etc.) is performed.
- the separation unit 50 accommodates a separation gel (separation medium) 52, and a first opening (discharge unit) 50 a that opens into the anode buffer tank 30 and a second opening 50 b that opens into the cathode buffer tank 40.
- the transfer film 1 is disposed so as to face the first opening 50a.
- An anode 32 is disposed in the anode buffer tank 30, and a cathode 41 is disposed in the cathode buffer tank 40.
- the cathode buffer tank 40 and the anode buffer tank 30 are filled with the buffer solution, so that the cathode 41 in the cathode buffer tank 40 and the anode 32 in the anode buffer tank 30 have two tanks.
- the sample separation / transfer apparatus 100 separates the sample introduced from the second opening 50b by the separation gel 52 by applying a voltage between the cathode 41 and the anode 32, and separates each separated component into the first.
- the anode 32 is disposed in the anode buffer tank 30, and the cathode 41 is disposed in the cathode buffer tank 40.
- the anode 32 and the cathode 41 are formed from a conductive material such as metal.
- a material for forming the anode 32 and the cathode 41 for example, platinum is preferable from the viewpoint of suppressing ionization of the electrode.
- the anode 32 is disposed in the anode buffer tank 30 and the cathode 41 is not particularly limited as long as it is disposed in the cathode buffer tank 40 so as to be immersed in the cathode buffer.
- the cathode 41, the first opening 50a, and the anode 32 may be arranged on a substantially straight line. If the transfer film 1 is arranged in such an arrangement as shown in FIG. 1, the lines of electric force passing through the first opening 50a are substantially perpendicular to the transfer film 1, thereby improving the accuracy of sample adsorption. obtain.
- the anode 32 is preferably arranged away from the transfer film 1. Thereby, it is possible to suppress the bubbles generated from the anode 32 from adversely affecting the adsorption of the separation component to the transfer film 1.
- the anode 32 and the cathode 41 may be used by being connected to the control unit 68 or may be used by being connected to an external power supply (DC power supply device), for example.
- an external power supply DC power supply device
- the sample separation and transfer apparatus 100 is started by operating the control unit 68 simultaneously with the start of the operation of the power supply. Just do it.
- the anode buffer tank 30 and the cathode buffer tank 40 are insulating containers for retaining a buffer solution (buffer).
- the cathode buffer tank 40 is provided above the anode buffer tank 30.
- the anode buffer tank 30 is fixed on the table 31, and the cathode buffer tank 40 is fixed to the anode buffer tank 30, but the present invention is not limited to this configuration.
- the buffer solution to be put into the anode buffer tank 30 and the cathode buffer tank 40 can be any conductive buffer solution, and in particular, a buffer solution having a weakly acidic to weakly basic buffer region can be suitably used.
- buffers include Tris / glycine buffer, acetate buffer, sodium carbonate buffer, CAPS buffer, Tris / boric acid / EDTA buffer, Tris / acetic acid / EDTA buffer, MOPS, Buffers such as phosphate buffer and Tris / Tricine buffer can be used.
- the anode buffer tank 30 houses a partition plate 33 on the bottom surface.
- the partition plate 33 is movable in the vertical direction with respect to the bottom surface of the anode buffer tank 30. As shown in FIG. 4, the partition plate 33 protrudes into the anode buffer tank 30 from the bottom surface of the anode buffer tank 30, so that the anode buffer tank 30 is partitioned into two regions (first region 35 and second region 36). It is done.
- the first region 35 is a space on the side where the cathode buffer tank 40 is provided.
- the second region 36 is a space on the side where the cathode buffer tank 40 is not provided.
- the partition plate 33 is watertight so that the liquid placed in the second region 36 does not leak into the first region 35.
- the second area 36 is large enough to accommodate the frame 20.
- the post-transfer processing step can be performed only in the second region 36, and thus the post-transfer processing step can be efficiently advanced with a minimum amount of liquid. It can be said that the first region 35 is a region where electrophoresis and transfer are performed, and the second region 36 is a region where processing after transfer is performed.
- nozzles 14 a and 14 b are provided in the inner surface of the second region 36 in the anode buffer tank 30.
- One end (opening 15a) of the nozzle 14a faces the bottom surface of the anode buffer tank 30 with a distance of about 5 mm to 50 mm.
- the nozzle 14 a extends outside the anode buffer tank 30, and the other end (connecting portion 16 a) of the nozzle 14 a is connected to the tube 13 a outside the anode buffer tank 30.
- one end (opening 15b) of the nozzle 14b faces the bottom surface of the anode buffer tank 30 with a distance of about 5 mm to 50 mm.
- the nozzle 14b extends outside the anode buffer tank 30, and the other end (connecting portion 16b) of the nozzle 14b is connected to the tube 13b outside the anode buffer tank 30.
- one of the nozzles 14a and 14b can be used for discharge and the other can be used for injection. Therefore, the liquid filling the anode buffer tank 30 can be easily replaced.
- the nozzles 14a and 14b are provided on the inner surface of the end portion of the anode buffer tank 30 in the moving direction of the transfer film 1 during transfer.
- the nozzles 14a and 14b extend in the moving direction out of the anode buffer tank 30. Therefore, each process can be performed successfully without interfering with the movement of the transfer film 1.
- the positions of the nozzles 14a and 14b are not limited to this, and may be other positions as long as they do not interfere with the movement of the transfer film 1.
- the nozzles 14a and 14b are preferably made of an insulating material such as plastic. If such a material is used, electrophoresis can be performed successfully without hindering the flow of electric lines of force around the anode.
- the anode buffer tank 30 includes a Peltier element 34 on the outer bottom surface in the second region 36. By providing the Peltier element 34, the temperature of the liquid in the anode buffer tank 30 can be adjusted to a suitable one in each step.
- the separation unit 50 houses a separation gel 52 therein.
- the separation unit 50 stands up in a substantially vertical direction, the lower part thereof is disposed in the anode buffer tank 30, and the upper part thereof is disposed so that one side thereof is in contact with the cathode buffer tank 40.
- the separation gel 52 is water-cooled by at least one of the buffer solution in the anode buffer tank 30 and the buffer solution in the cathode buffer tank 40 and can be sufficiently cooled.
- the separation unit 50 has a first opening 50 a that opens into the anode buffer tank 30 and a second opening 50 b that opens into the cathode buffer tank 40.
- the separation gel 52 faces the anode buffer tank 30 through the first opening 50a, and faces the cathode buffer tank 40 through the second opening 50b.
- the separation unit 50 is fixed to the cathode buffer tank 40 by a lock 42 provided in the cathode buffer tank 40, but the present invention is not limited to this configuration.
- the separation unit 50 can be composed of two insulating plates 51 and 53 formed of an insulator such as glass or acrylic.
- the separation part 50 exposes the separation gel 52 by lacking a part of the insulating plate 53 in the second opening 50 b, thereby easily introducing the sample into the separation gel 52. be able to.
- the separation gel 52 is a gel for separating the sample components introduced from the second opening 50b according to the molecular weight.
- the separation gel 52 can be filled in the separation unit 50 before or after the separation unit 50 is attached to the sample separation / transfer apparatus 100.
- a commercially available page chip filled with the separation gel 52 may be used as the separation unit 50.
- Examples of the separation gel 52 include acrylamide gel and agarose gel.
- the lateral width of the separation gel 52 can be set to a length capable of separating a sample of 10 to 12 lanes, for example.
- the separation medium is not limited to a gel, and may be another medium capable of separating a specimen.
- a configuration in which the separation gel 52 is filled in the separation unit 50 is adopted.
- a configuration in which a large number of ultrafine columns called nanopillars are provided between the insulating plate 51 and the insulating plate 53 is also possible. Can be adopted.
- the first opening 50a of the separation part 50 includes a covering part formed of a conductive porous material (for example, a hydrophilic PVDF film, a hydrophilic PTFE (Polytetrafluoroethylene) film, etc.) including its periphery. It may be covered. Accordingly, when the transfer film 1 is in contact with or pressed against the first opening 50a (when no distance is provided between the first opening 50a and the transfer film 1), the transfer film 1 is transferred when the transfer film 1 is conveyed. The frictional resistance and damage received from the separation part 50 and the separation gel 52 can be reduced.
- a conductive porous material for example, a hydrophilic PVDF film, a hydrophilic PTFE (Polytetrafluoroethylene) film, etc.
- the separation part 50 stands in a substantially vertical direction, the amount of sample introduction can be increased as compared with a configuration in which the separation part 50 is installed in a substantially horizontal direction. This is because it is difficult to change the depth of the well provided in the separation gel in the horizontal type sample separation and transfer device, but in the vertical type sample separation and transfer device, the depth of the well can be easily changed. This is because the sample introduction amount can be easily increased.
- the transfer film 1 is preferably a sample adsorbing / holding body that allows the sample separated by the separation gel 52 to be stably stored for a long period of time and further facilitates subsequent analysis.
- the material of the transfer film 1 is preferably a material having high strength and high sample binding ability (weight that can be adsorbed per unit area).
- a PVDF film or the like is suitable when the sample is a protein.
- the PVDF membrane is preferably hydrophilized in advance using methanol or the like.
- Samples that can be separated and adsorbed in the sample separation / transfer apparatus 100 are not limited to these, but are prepared from biological materials (for example, biological individuals, body fluids, cell lines, tissue cultures, or tissue fragments), or And commercially available reagents.
- biological materials for example, biological individuals, body fluids, cell lines, tissue cultures, or tissue fragments
- commercially available reagents for example, a polypeptide or polynucleotide is mentioned.
- the transfer film 1 is used in a state immersed in a buffer solution in the anode buffer tank 30.
- the transfer film 1 has a length that is used for one electrophoresis / transfer, in other words, a distance that moves in the anode buffer tank 30 in one electrophoresis / transfer. If you do.
- the transfer film 1 By configuring the transfer film 1 in this way, the operation of cutting the transfer film 1 is not required for each electrophoresis / transfer, and the usability of the sample separation transfer apparatus 100 can be improved.
- the lateral width of the transfer film 1 may be a length corresponding to the lateral width of the separation gel 52.
- the transfer film 1 is used while being held by the frame 20.
- the frame 20 includes a frame lower portion 20a and a frame upper portion 20b, and the transfer film 1 is held between the frame lower portion 20a and the frame upper portion 20b at both ends in the moving direction of the transfer film 1.
- the frame 20 can be made of, for example, a synthetic resin such as Teflon (registered trademark), acrylic resin, or PEEK resin.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and may have other configurations (for example, a configuration in which the transfer film 1 is detachably held by holding the transfer film 1 with a holding member) as long as the transfer film 1 is fixed. Absent.
- the frame 20 is incorporated in the arm portion.
- the arm portion moves the transfer film 1 and brings it into contact with the first opening 50a.
- the arm portion includes a frame 20, a carrier 23, and a guide pole 66, which are a series of connected members.
- the guide pole 66 is a shaft member that is connected to a drive unit (shaft holder 65), which will be described later, and is disposed so as to pass outside the side wall of the anode buffer tank 30.
- the carrier 23 is a member that is connected to the guide pole 66 and is connected to the frame 20 around the upper end of the side wall of the anode buffer tank 30.
- the arm portion passes from the position connected to the drive portion to the outside of the side wall of the anode buffer tank 30, wraps around the upper end of the side wall, and is connected to the inside of the side wall.
- the guide pole 66 extends outside the side wall of the anode buffer tank 30 to a position aligned with the upper end of the side wall.
- the carrier 23 is fitted to the guide pole 66 and extends to the inside of the side wall across the upper end of the side wall of the anode buffer tank 30.
- the guide pole 66 is disposed outside the side wall of the anode buffer tank 30 and does not interfere with various operations such as removal of the anode buffer tank 30 and setting of electrodes performed as necessary. Therefore, various operations can be successfully performed by appropriately removing the carrier 23.
- the drive unit drives the arm unit in the horizontal direction.
- the drive unit includes a motor 62, a ball screw 63, a guide shaft 64, and a shaft holder 65.
- the motor 62 rotates the ball screw 63.
- a motor whose speed can be changed may be used, or a motor having a fixed speed may be used in combination with a gear.
- the ball screw 63 penetrates the shaft holder 65 and is screwed into the shaft holder 65.
- the guide shaft 64 passes through the shaft holder 65, and the shaft holder 65 is configured to be movable along the guide shaft 64. Then, when the motor 62 rotates the ball screw 63, the shaft holder 65 is driven in the X-axis direction (substantially horizontal direction) in the drawing.
- the shaft holder 65 is connected to the arm portion (guide pole 66), and thus the driving portion can drive the arm portion in the X-axis direction (substantially horizontal direction) in the drawing. Since the arm portion holds the transfer film 1, the transfer film 1 moves in the X-axis direction (substantially horizontal direction) in the figure.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and the driving unit may be configured by another driving mechanism (for example, a belt, a gear, or the like) as long as the arm unit can be driven in a substantially horizontal direction. Good.
- another driving mechanism for example, a belt, a gear, or the like
- the drive unit is provided under the anode buffer tank 30. Accordingly, it is possible to prevent the buffer solution scattered from the anode buffer tank 30 from deteriorating the durability of the driving unit and the possibility that the driving unit may hinder various operations on the sample separation transfer device 100.
- the tanks 12a to 12e are containers for storing reagents or cleaning buffers necessary for processing after transfer.
- the tank 12f is a container for storing waste liquid.
- the tank 12a has a washing buffer (for example, a PBS buffer and a TBS buffer containing a surfactant)
- the tank 12b has a blocking solution (for example, a BSA solution, casein solution, skim milk solution, and a polymer blocking solution)
- the tank 12c has a primary solution.
- An antibody solution for example, an antibody solution that recognizes a protein of interest, a peptide aptamer solution, a nucleic acid aptamer solution, an interactive protein solution), or a secondary antibody solution (for example, a coloring material, a fluorescent material, or a radioisotope) is contained in the tank 12d.
- the labeled antibody solution that recognizes the primary antibody and the tank 12e can be filled with a detection reaction solution (for example, a coloring or luminescent solution of horseradish peroxidase, alkaline phosphatase, etc.).
- the tanks 12a to 12f are preferably removable. If it can be removed, it can be removed after use and the inside of the tank can be easily washed, so that the reagent can be prevented from being mixed at the next use.
- the number of tanks is not limited to this, and a larger number of tanks may be provided or a smaller number of tanks may be provided.
- the pump 11a is connected to the tanks 12a, 12b, 12c, 12d and 12e via tubes 13c, 13d, 13e, 13f and 13g, respectively, and is connected to the nozzle 14a via the tube 13a.
- the pump 11a can arbitrarily inject the liquid contained in the tanks 12a, 12b, 12c, 12d and 12e into the anode buffer tank 30.
- the pump 11b is connected to the tank f through the tube 13h, and is connected to the nozzle 14b through the tube 13b.
- the pump 11b can discharge the liquid in the anode buffer tank 30 to the tank 12f.
- the pumps 11a and 11b are not particularly limited.
- a known pump capable of automatic control such as a diaphragm pump can be used.
- the tubes 13a to 13h are not particularly limited, but are preferably made of a soft material such as a silicone tube.
- the tubes 13a to 13h may be detachable from the tanks 12a to 12f, the pumps 11a and 11b, and the nozzles 14a and 14b. If the structure is removable, it can be replaced with a new tube when the tube is deteriorated or clogged.
- the control unit 68 performs various controls of the sample separation transfer apparatus 100 (control of the position of the arm unit, control of current and voltage applied to the anode 32 and the cathode 41, control of the pumps 11a and 11b, control of the Peltier element 34, partition plate 33 is a control panel for controlling the operation of the operation 33 and the like.
- the control unit 68 may include a button and a switch for receiving an input from the user, a lamp for notifying the user of an operation state, a display unit, and the like.
- sample electrophoresis, transfer and post-transfer treatment Next, the flow of sample electrophoresis, transfer, and post-transfer processing in the sample separation / transfer apparatus 100 of Embodiment 1 will be described with reference to FIGS.
- the transfer film 1 As shown in FIG. 1, at the time of electrophoresis and transfer of a sample, the transfer film 1 is held by the frame 20 in a state where the transfer film 1 is disposed at a position in contact with the first opening 50a.
- a buffer solution is put into the anode buffer tank 30 and the cathode buffer tank 40.
- the first embodiment for example, 400 mL of buffer solution is put in the anode buffer tank 30 and 170 mL of buffer solution is put in the cathode buffer tank 40.
- the sample is introduced into the separation gel 52 from the second opening 50 b of the separation unit 50.
- a visible molecular weight marker for confirming the progress of electrophoresis to the sample.
- the control unit 68 controls the motor 62 to set the position of the transfer film 1 as a start position, and allows current to flow between the anode 32 and the cathode 41 to start electrophoresis.
- the value of the current that flows between the anode 32 and the cathode 41 is not particularly limited, but is preferably 50 mA or less, and more preferably 20 mA or more and 30 mA or less.
- the current value may be controlled to be constant, the voltage may be controlled to be constant, or the current / voltage may be controlled in other manners.
- the controller 68 controls the Peltier element 34 to cool the anode buffer tank 30. As a result, the entire sample separation / transfer apparatus 100 is cooled, and a smiley phenomenon in electrophoresis can be prevented.
- the transfer film 1 is gradually moved along the X axis in the direction of the arrow in FIG. 1 by driving the arm unit by the driving unit in accordance with the progress of electrophoresis in the separation unit 50.
- the X-axis direction is a direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the first opening 50a.
- the moving speed of the transfer film 1 is not particularly limited, but can be a pace that moves 5 to 10 cm in 60 to 120 minutes, for example.
- the position of the sample discharged from the first opening 50a by electrophoresis (separated in the separation gel 52) according to the discharge timing in the transfer film 1 (the first opening 50a at the discharge timing). Adsorbed at the position facing the As a result, the separated sample is transferred to the transfer film 1.
- the arm unit moves the transfer film 1 held by the frame 20 to a position that fits in the second region 36. At this time, the arm unit may move the frame 20 up and down so that the frame 20 and the separation unit 50 do not interfere with each other.
- the transfer membrane 1 is immunostained by Western blotting.
- the tank 12a is preliminarily filled with a cleaning buffer
- the tank 12b is filled with a blocking solution
- the tank 12c is filled with a primary antibody solution
- the tank 12d is filled with a secondary antibody solution
- the tank 12e is filled with a detection reaction solution. deep.
- the control unit 68 controls the pump 11b to discharge the buffer solution in the anode buffer tank 30 to the tank 12f. Specifically, the buffer solution in the anode buffer tank 30 moves from the opening 15b of the nozzle 14b to the tank 12f through the nozzle 14b, the tube 13b, the pump 11b, and the tube 13h in this order.
- the partition plate 33 protrudes from the bottom surface of the anode buffer tank 30 and divides the anode buffer tank 30 into a first region 35 and a second region 36.
- the pump 11 a is controlled to inject the cleaning buffer in the tank 12 a into the anode buffer tank 30.
- the cleaning buffer in the tank 12a passes through the tube 13c, the pump 11a, the tube 13a, and the nozzle 14a in this order, and moves into the anode buffer tank 30 from the opening 15a of the nozzle 14a.
- the amount of the washing buffer is 100 mL, for example.
- the cleaning is performed for 5 minutes, for example.
- the control unit 68 controls the arm unit to move the transfer film 1 back and forth in the X-axis direction to perform shaking. Thereby, it can wash
- the pump 11b is controlled to discharge the solution in the anode buffer tank 30 to the tank 12f. Cleaning is performed three times, for example.
- the control unit 68 controls the pump 11a to inject the blocking solution in the tank 12b into the anode buffer tank 30. Specifically, the blocking solution in the tank 12b passes through the tube 13d, the pump 11a, the tube 13a, and the nozzle 14a in this order, and moves from the opening 15a of the nozzle 14a into the anode buffer tank 30.
- the amount of the blocking solution is 100 mL, for example. Thereby, blocking can be performed. Blocking is performed, for example, over 1 hour.
- the control unit 68 controls the arm unit to move the transfer film 1 back and forth in the X-axis direction to perform shaking. Thereby, blocking can be performed efficiently, and time can be shortened and sensitivity can be improved.
- the control unit 68 controls the pump 11b and discharges the blocking solution in the anode buffer tank 30 to the tank 12f.
- the control unit 68 controls the pump 11 a to inject the primary antibody solution in the tank 12 c into the anode buffer tank 30.
- the primary antibody solution in the tank 12c passes through the tube 13e, the pump 11a, the tube 13a, and the nozzle 14a in this order, and moves into the anode buffer tank 30 from the opening 15a of the nozzle 14a.
- the amount of the primary antibody solution is, for example, 10 mL.
- the reaction is performed, for example, for 1 hour.
- control unit 68 controls the arm unit to move the transfer film 1 back and forth in the X-axis direction to perform shaking.
- the control unit 68 controls the Peltier element 34 to heat the anode buffer tank 30 (for example, 37 ° C.). Thereby, the reaction with the primary antibody is promoted, and the time can be shortened and the sensitivity can be improved.
- the control unit 68 controls the pump 11 a to inject the cleaning buffer in the tank 12 a into the anode buffer tank 30.
- the amount of the washing buffer is 100 mL, for example.
- the cleaning is performed for 5 minutes, for example.
- the control unit 68 controls the arm unit to move the transfer film 1 back and forth in the X-axis direction to perform shaking.
- the pump 11b is controlled to discharge the solution in the anode buffer tank 30 to the tank 12f. Cleaning is performed three times, for example.
- the control unit 68 controls the pump 11a to inject the secondary antibody solution in the tank 12d into the anode buffer tank 30. Specifically, the secondary antibody solution in the tank 12d passes through the tube 13f, the pump 11a, the tube 13a, and the nozzle 14a in this order, and moves into the anode buffer tank 30 from the opening 15a of the nozzle 14a.
- the amount of the secondary antibody solution is, for example, 10 mL.
- the reaction is performed, for example, for 1 hour.
- the control unit 68 controls the arm unit to move the transfer film 1 back and forth in the X-axis direction to perform shaking.
- the controller 68 controls the Peltier element 34 to heat the anode buffer tank 30 (for example, 37 ° C.). Thereby, reaction with a secondary antibody is accelerated
- the control unit 68 controls the pump 11 a to inject the cleaning buffer in the tank 12 a into the anode buffer tank 30.
- the amount of the washing buffer is 100 mL, for example.
- the cleaning is performed for 5 minutes, for example.
- the control unit 68 controls the arm unit to move the transfer film 1 back and forth in the X-axis direction to perform shaking.
- the pump 11b is controlled to discharge the solution in the anode buffer tank 30 to the tank 12f. Cleaning is performed three times, for example.
- control unit 68 controls the pump 11a to inject the detection reaction solution in the tank 12e into the anode buffer tank 30. Specifically, the detection reaction solution in the tank 12e passes through the tube 13g, the pump 11a, the tube 13a, and the nozzle 14a in this order, and moves into the anode buffer tank 30 from the opening 15a of the nozzle 14a.
- the amount of the detection reaction solution is, for example, 10 mL. The reaction is performed for 1 minute, for example.
- the control unit 68 controls the pump 11 a to inject the cleaning buffer in the tank 12 a into the anode buffer tank 30.
- the amount of the washing buffer is 100 mL, for example.
- the cleaning is performed for 5 minutes, for example.
- the control unit 68 controls the arm unit to move the transfer film 1 back and forth in the X-axis direction to perform shaking.
- the pump 11b is controlled to discharge the solution in the anode buffer tank 30 to the tank 12f. Cleaning is performed three times, for example.
- the procedure for immunostaining the transfer film 1 is not limited to the above, and washing can be omitted or washing can be added as appropriate.
- the transfer film 1 thus obtained is collected, and a separation pattern of components transferred to the transfer film 1 is detected by a fluorescence detector or the like.
- a fluorescence detector may be incorporated in the sample separation / transfer apparatus 100, whereby the entire steps of electrophoresis, transfer, post-transfer processing, and detection can be automated.
- the difference between the second embodiment and the first embodiment is the shape of the nozzles 14 a and 14 b and the configuration of the bottom surface of the anode buffer tank 30. Other points are the same as in the first embodiment.
- the nozzles 14 a and 14 b have the end portions having the openings 15 a and 15 b bent in an L shape along the side surface and the bottom surface in the anode buffer tank 30.
- 15 b opens in a direction perpendicular to the bottom surface of the anode buffer tank 30.
- the waste liquid can be further easily collected by providing an angle to the bottom surface of the anode buffer tank 30 so that the waste liquid flows toward the nozzle 14b.
- a groove 73 may be provided on the bottom surface of the anode buffer tank 30 so that the waste liquid flows around the nozzle 14b.
- the grooves 73 are preferably provided radially starting from the opening 15b of the nozzle 14b.
- the nozzle 14 b may be provided in the groove 73. Thereby, the collection of the waste liquid can be further facilitated.
- the groove 73 can be, for example, 0.1 mm to 1 mm deep and 11 mm wide.
- sample electrophoresis, transfer and post-transfer treatment The flow of sample electrophoresis, transfer, and post-transfer processing in the sample separation / transfer apparatus 100 of the second embodiment is the same as that of the first embodiment.
- the difference between the third embodiment and the first embodiment is the material and configuration of the bottom surface of the anode buffer tank 30. Other points are the same as in the first embodiment.
- a hydrophilic region (partial region) 71 and a hydrophobic region (other region) 72 exist on the bottom surface of the anode buffer tank 30. More specifically, the hydrophilic region 71 exists in the second region 36. That is, the bottom surface of the anode buffer tank 30 (specifically, the second region 36) includes a hydrophilic region 71 and a hydrophobic region 72 disposed so as to surround the hydrophilic region 71.
- the hydrophilic region 71 is made of, for example, glass or a resin material subjected to plasma treatment.
- the hydrophobic region 72 is made of, for example, a resin material (acrylic, polycarbonate, polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, acrylonitrile styrene, polyethylene, terephthalate, or the like).
- the hydrophilic region 71 is present at a position opposite to the position of the transfer film 1 when the post-transfer process is performed.
- the size of the hydrophilic region 71 is preferably substantially the same as that of the transfer film 1.
- the openings 15 a and 15 b are present at a position in contact with the hydrophilic region 71.
- the step of using a liquid that is preferably used in a large amount such as a buffer solution for washing, a washing buffer, and a blocking solution, and the step of using an antibody solution and a detection reaction solution once.
- Both the step of using a liquid that is preferably used in a small amount can be automatically performed in the anode buffer tank 30 with a more preferable amount of liquid.
- a groove 73 may be provided on the bottom surface of the anode buffer tank 30 so that the waste liquid flows around the nozzle 14b.
- the groove 73 is preferably provided at the boundary between the hydrophilic region 71 and the hydrophobic region 72 as shown in FIG. More specifically, it is provided so as to surround the hydrophilic region 71.
- the groove 73 is preferably hydrophilic. With such a configuration, the liquid held in the hydrophilic region 71 can be efficiently flowed into the opening 15b. Therefore, waste liquid remaining in the anode buffer tank 30 can be reduced, and an improvement in sensitivity can be realized.
- the nozzle 14 b may be provided in the groove 73. Thereby, the collection of the waste liquid can be further facilitated.
- the groove 73 can be, for example, 0.1 mm to 1 mm deep and 11 mm wide.
- sample electrophoresis, transfer and post-transfer treatment The flow of sample electrophoresis, transfer, and post-transfer processing in the sample separation / transfer apparatus 100 of the third embodiment is the same as that of the first embodiment. Further, the nozzles in the sample separation / transfer apparatus 100 of the third embodiment are described as being the same as those in the second embodiment, but may be the same as those in the first embodiment.
- the difference between the fourth embodiment and the third embodiment is the structure of the bottom surface of the anode buffer tank 30 and the positions of the openings 15a and 15b. Other points are the same as in the third embodiment.
- the bottom surface of the anode buffer tank 30 is provided with a lifting plate 82 that moves in a direction of separating from and contacting the transfer film 1 as shown in FIG. That is, the lifting plate 82 is provided at a position corresponding to the hydrophilic region 71 in the second embodiment.
- the size of the lifting plate 82 is larger than that of the transfer film 1. That is, the size of the lifting plate 82 is larger than the inner diameter of the frame 20. Therefore, when the elevating plate 82 moves in a direction approaching the transfer film 1, the elevating plate 82 contacts the frame 20, and a space 83 sealed by the elevating plate 82, the frame 20, and the transfer film 1 is formed. .
- the liquid injected into the anode buffer tank 30 is moved on the lifting plate 82 in the direction approaching the transfer film 1, the liquid can be held in the space 83.
- the liquid can be brought into contact with the transfer film 1 even with a small amount of liquid. Therefore, the amount of expensive reagents (such as antibody solutions) used can be reduced. Moreover, it can be made to react uniformly with no unevenness.
- the usage amounts of the primary antibody solution, the secondary antibody solution, and the detection reaction solution can be 5 mL or less, preferably 3 mL or less, more preferably 1 mL.
- the elevating plate 82 is moved up and down by a ball screw 81 provided in the lower portion.
- the ball screw 81 is controlled by the control unit 68.
- the present invention is not limited to the ball screw 81, and may be another method (for example, a solenoid) for raising and lowering the elevating plate 82.
- the elevating plate 82 is preferably hydrophobic at the outer edge of the upper surface and hydrophilic at other regions. In this case, it is more preferable that the lifting plate 82 is a region that is in contact with the frame 20 and a region outside the portion that is hydrophobic. With such a configuration, the liquid can be more reliably held inside the upper surface of the lift plate 82 (that is, the hydrophilic region).
- a packing 24 is provided on the bottom surface of the frame 20.
- the nozzles 14 a and 14 b in the fourth embodiment are provided at positions that do not overlap the lifting plate 82. That is, the openings 15a and 15b are in contact with the portion of the bottom surface of the anode buffer tank 30 where the lifting plate 82 is not provided. The closer the opening 15a is to the lift plate 82, the easier it is to arrange the liquid in the hydrophilic region 71, which is preferable.
- sample electrophoresis, transfer and post-transfer treatment A flow of sample electrophoresis, transfer, and post-transfer processing in the sample separation and transfer apparatus 100 according to the fourth embodiment will be described.
- the transfer film 1 is moved as it is to a position that fits in the second region 36. More specifically, it is moved to a position facing the lift plate 82. At this time, the elevating plate 82 is in a state lowered to the height of the bottom surface of the anode buffer tank 30 ((a) of FIG. 8).
- control unit 68 controls the pump 11b to discharge the buffer solution in the anode buffer tank 30 to the tank 12f.
- the partition plate 33 protrudes from the bottom surface of the anode buffer tank 30 and divides the anode buffer tank 30 into a first region 35 and a second region 36.
- control unit 68 controls the pump 11a to inject the cleaning buffer in the tank 12a into the anode buffer tank 30 and perform cleaning. Thereafter, the pump 11b is controlled to discharge the solution in the anode buffer tank 30 to the tank 12f. Cleaning is performed three times, for example.
- control unit 68 controls the pump 11a to inject the blocking solution in the tank 12b into the anode buffer tank 30 to perform blocking.
- controller 68 controls the pump 11b to discharge the solution in the anode buffer tank 30 to the tank 12f as in the first embodiment.
- the control unit 68 controls the pump 11 a to inject the primary antibody solution in the tank 12 c into the anode buffer tank 30.
- the amount of the primary antibody solution is, for example, 1 mL.
- the upper surface of the elevating plate 82 is in a state where the primary antibody solution is placed.
- the control unit 68 controls the ball screw 81 and pushes up the lifting plate 82 until it comes into contact with the frame 20 (more precisely, the packing 24) ((b) of FIG. 8).
- the reaction between the specimen and the primary antibody is performed.
- the primary antibody solution exists on the lower surface side of the transfer film 1, but the transfer film 1 can also react from the lower surface side.
- the reaction is performed, for example, for 1 hour.
- control unit 68 controls the ball screw 81 and lowers the lifting plate 82 to the height of the bottom surface of the anode buffer tank 30.
- control unit 68 controls the pump 11 a to inject the cleaning buffer in the tank 12 a into the anode buffer tank 30.
- the amount of the washing buffer is 100 mL, for example. Cleaning is performed in the same manner as in the first embodiment, and the control unit 68 controls the pump 11b to discharge the solution in the anode buffer tank 30 to the tank 12f.
- control unit 68 controls the pump 11a to inject the secondary antibody solution in the tank 12d into the anode buffer tank 30.
- the amount of the secondary antibody solution is, for example, 1 mL.
- the upper surface of the elevating plate 82 is in a state where the secondary antibody solution is placed.
- the control unit 68 controls the ball screw 81 and pushes up the lifting plate 82 until it comes into contact with the frame 20 (more precisely, the packing 24). Thereby, the reaction between the specimen and the secondary antibody is performed.
- control unit 68 controls the ball screw 81 and lowers the lifting plate 82 to the height of the bottom surface of the anode buffer tank 30.
- control unit 68 controls the pump 11 a to inject the cleaning buffer in the tank 12 a into the anode buffer tank 30.
- the amount of the washing buffer is 100 mL, for example. Cleaning is performed in the same manner as in the first embodiment, and the control unit 68 controls the pump 11b to discharge the solution in the anode buffer tank 30 to the tank 12f.
- the control unit 68 controls the pump 11a to inject the detection reaction solution in the tank 12e into the anode buffer tank 30.
- the amount of the detection reaction solution is, for example, 1 mL.
- the upper surface of the elevating plate 82 is in a state where the detection reaction solution is placed.
- the control unit 68 controls the ball screw 81 and pushes up the lifting plate 82 until it comes into contact with the frame 20 (more precisely, the packing 24). Thereby, reaction with a detection reaction solution is performed.
- control unit 68 controls the ball screw 81 and lowers the lifting plate 82 to the height of the bottom surface of the anode buffer tank 30.
- control unit 68 controls the pump 11 a to inject the cleaning buffer in the tank 12 a into the anode buffer tank 30.
- the amount of the washing buffer is 100 mL, for example. Cleaning is performed in the same manner as in the first embodiment, and the control unit 68 controls the pump 11b to discharge the solution in the anode buffer tank 30 to the tank 12f.
- the procedure for immunostaining the transfer film 1 is not limited to the above, and washing can be omitted or washing can be added as appropriate.
- the transfer film 1 thus obtained is collected, and a separation pattern of components transferred to the transfer film 1 is detected by a fluorescence detector or the like.
- a fluorescence detector may be incorporated in the sample separation / transfer apparatus 100, whereby the entire steps of electrophoresis, transfer, post-transfer processing, and detection can be automated.
- a step of using a liquid that is preferably used in a large amount such as an electrophoresis buffer, a washing buffer, and a blocking solution, and a step of using an antibody solution and a detection reaction solution once.
- Both the step of using a liquid that is preferably used in a small amount can be automatically performed in the anode buffer tank 30 with a more preferable amount of liquid.
- the difference between the fifth embodiment and the first embodiment is a method of connecting an injection tank, a tube, a pump, and a nozzle. Other points are the same as in the first embodiment.
- tanks 92a to 92f corresponding to the tanks 12a to 12f of the first embodiment are provided.
- nozzles 94 a to 94 f are provided on the inner surface of the second region 36 in the anode buffer tank 30.
- the tanks 92a to 92f are connected to nozzles 94a to 94f via tubes 93g to 93l, pumps 91a to 91f, and tubes 93a to 93f, respectively. That is, each of the tanks 92a to 92f includes a tube, a pump, and a nozzle.
- the injection tanks (tanks a to 92e) are individually provided with the tube, the pump, and the nozzle.
- each liquid is injected into the anode buffer tank 30 by a separate route, there is an advantage that there is little possibility of mixing of reagents.
- the position and orientation of the nozzle opening are not limited to those shown in FIG. 9, and may be the same as those in the second embodiment or other aspects.
- the hydrophilic region 71 and the hydrophobic region 72 may exist on the bottom surface of the anode buffer tank 30 as in the second embodiment.
- a lift plate 82 may be provided on the bottom surface of the anode buffer tank 30 as in the third embodiment.
- the bottom surface of the anode buffer tank 30 may be inclined. It is preferable that the portion where the opening of the nozzle 14b or 94f is located is low. With such a configuration, when the liquid is discharged from the anode buffer tank 30, the liquid can be collected in a low part. Therefore, it becomes easy to collect the liquid.
- the sample separation / transfer apparatus 100 of Embodiments 1 to 5 may not include the tanks 12b to 12e or 92b to 92e.
- a cleaning buffer can be placed in the tank 12a or 92a to perform a cleaning process after the transfer.
- the sample separation / transfer apparatus 100 of Embodiments 1 to 5 may not include the tanks 12c to 12e or 92c to 92e.
- a cleaning buffer can be placed in the tank 12a or 92a
- a blocking solution can be placed in the tank 12b or 92b
- a cleaning and blocking process after transfer can be performed.
- the sample separation / transfer apparatus 100 of Embodiments 1 to 5 may not include the tanks 12d to 12e or 92d to 92e.
- the washing buffer is placed in the tank 12a or 92a
- the blocking solution is placed in the tank 12b or 92b
- the primary antibody solution is placed in the tank 12c or 92c, and the process up to the washing, blocking, and primary antibody reaction steps after transfer is performed. It can be.
- the tank 12e or 92e may not be provided.
- the washing buffer is put into the tank 12a or 92a
- the blocking solution is put into the tank 12b or 92b
- the primary antibody solution is put into the tank 12c or 92c
- the secondary antibody solution is put into the tank 12d or 92d
- the post-transfer washing is performed.
- the tank may not be a constituent element.
- the user may prepare a tank and connect it to the tube.
- the post-transfer process is not limited to immunostaining using an antibody, and may be performed by another method capable of detecting a protein or peptide.
- the treatment is performed by a method suitable for the sample.
- the sample separation / transfer apparatus 100 separates a specimen by electrophoresis, and discharges the separated specimen from a discharge section (first opening 50a) in a buffer tank (anode buffer tank 30).
- the liquid filling the buffer tank can be exchanged by the liquid feed pump.
- the step of separating the sample by electrophoresis, the step of transferring the sample to the transfer film, and the post-transfer process (washing, blocking, antibody reaction, detection reaction, etc.) can be automatically performed. Therefore, Western blotting can be performed easily.
- the liquid feed pump is a group consisting of an anode buffer, a cleaning liquid, a blocking solution, an antibody solution, and a detection reaction solution. It may be exchanged between two more selected liquids.
- a part of the bottom surface of the buffer tank is hydrophilic and an area surrounding the part area is hydrophobic. May be.
- the liquid when a small amount of liquid is filled in the buffer tank, the liquid can be efficiently held in the hydrophilic region. If the transfer film 1 is brought into contact with the liquid held in the hydrophilic region, the reaction can be efficiently advanced. Therefore, the amount of expensive reagent liquid can be reduced.
- the sample separation and transfer apparatus according to Aspect 4 of the present invention is the Aspect 1 or 2, wherein the bottom surface of the buffer tank is provided with a lift plate (lift plate 82) that moves in a direction to be separated from and in contact with the transfer film 1. May be.
- the distance between a part of the bottom surface of the buffer tank (that is, the lifting plate) and the transfer film 1 is shortened. Therefore, the liquid can be brought into contact with the transfer film 1 even when the amount of liquid is small by moving in a direction approaching the transfer film 1 while holding the liquid on the elevating plate. Therefore, the amount of expensive reagent can be reduced, and the reaction can proceed efficiently.
- the upper surface of the elevating plate (elevating plate 82) may be hydrophobic at the outer edge and hydrophilic at other regions.
- the liquid can be more reliably held inside the upper surface of the lifting plate (that is, the hydrophilic region).
- a sample separation and transfer apparatus is the above-described Aspect 1 to 5, wherein the sample separation and transfer apparatus is accommodated in the bottom surface of the buffer tank, and the buffer tank is divided into two areas (first area 35 and second area 36) by protrusion. You may provide the partition plate 33 which can be divided.
- the buffer tank is divided into two regions by the partition plate 33.
- the partition plate 33 By performing the operation after electrophoresis / transfer only in one region, the amount of liquid used can be reduced. Therefore, it is possible to save expensive reagents and shorten the time.
- the bottom surface of the buffer tank may be inclined.
- the liquid filling the buffer tank can be collected in a low area of the buffer tank when the liquid is exchanged. Therefore, the exchange of the liquid filling the buffer tank can be performed efficiently.
- a groove may be provided on the bottom surface of the buffer tank in the first to seventh aspects.
- the liquid filling the buffer tank can be collected in the groove on the bottom surface of the buffer tank when the liquid is exchanged. Therefore, the exchange of the liquid filling the buffer tank can be performed efficiently.
- the sample separation / transfer apparatus may include an arm portion that holds and shakes the transfer film 1 in the first to eighth aspects.
- the transfer film 1 can be held and shaken by the arm in the post-transfer process. Therefore, the reaction can be performed efficiently.
- the sample analysis method uses the sample separation and transfer apparatus according to any one of the first to ninth aspects to separate a specimen, transfer to a transfer film, and immunostaining (for example, washing, (Blocking, antibody reaction, detection reaction, etc.) in which transfer to the transfer film 1 and immunostaining are performed in a buffer tank.
- immunostaining for example, washing, (Blocking, antibody reaction, detection reaction, etc.
- the present invention can be used in the field of analysis of biomolecules.
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Abstract
Description
本発明の一実施形態(実施形態1)について、図面に基づいて説明すれば以下のとおりである。
陽極32は陽極バッファ槽30内に配置されており、陰極41は陰極バッファ槽40内に配置されている。陽極32および陰極41は、金属などの導電性を有する材料から形成される。陽極32および陰極41を形成する材料としては、例えば電極のイオン化を抑制する観点から白金が好ましい。
陽極バッファ槽30および陰極バッファ槽40は、緩衝液(バッファ)を滞留させる絶縁性の容器である。陰極バッファ槽40は、陽極バッファ槽30に対して上方に設けられている。なお、実施形態1では、陽極バッファ槽30はテーブル31上に固定されており、陰極バッファ槽40は陽極バッファ槽30に固定されているが、本発明はこの構成には限定されない。
分離部50は、その内部に分離ゲル52を収納している。実施形態1において、分離部50は、略垂直方向に起立しており、その下部は陽極バッファ槽30内に配置され、その上部は片面が陰極バッファ槽40に接するように配置されている。これにより、分離ゲル52は、陽極バッファ槽30内の緩衝液および陰極バッファ槽40内の緩衝液の少なくとも一方によって水冷され、十分に冷却することができる。
転写膜1は、分離ゲル52によって分離されたサンプルを長期間にわたって安定に保存可能にし、さらに、その後の分析を容易にするサンプルの吸着・保持体であることが好ましい。転写膜1の材質としては、高い強度を有し、かつサンプル結合能(単位面積当たりに吸着可能な重量)が高いものが好ましい。転写膜1としては、サンプルがタンパク質である場合にはPVDF膜などが適している。なお、PVDF膜は予めメタノールなどを用いて親水化処理を行っておくことが好ましい。これ以外には、ニトロセルロース膜またはナイロン膜など、従来からタンパク質、DNAおよび核酸の吸着に利用されている膜も使用可能である。
実施形態1において、転写膜1は、フレーム20に保持された状態で使用される。一例において、フレーム20は、フレーム下部20aと、フレーム上部20bからなり、転写膜1の移動方向における両端部において、フレーム下部20aおよびフレーム上部20bの間に転写膜1を挟んで保持している。フレーム20は、これに限定されないが、例えば、テフロン(登録商標)、アクリル樹脂、PEEK樹脂のような合成樹脂によって構成することができる。
実施形態1において、フレーム20はアーム部に組み込まれている。アーム部は、転写膜1を、移動、および、第一開口50aと当接させるものである。実施形態1において、アーム部は、連結された一連の部材であるフレーム20、キャリア23およびガイドポール66から構成される。
駆動部は、アーム部を水平方向に駆動するものであり、実施形態1では、モータ62、ボールネジ63、ガイドシャフト64およびシャフトホルダ65によって構成されている。
タンク12a~12eは、転写後の処理に必要な試薬または洗浄バッファを格納するための容器である。タンク12fは、廃液を格納するための容器である。例えば、タンク12aには洗浄バッファ(例えば界面活性剤を含むPBSバッファ、TBSバッファ)、タンク12bにはブロッキング溶液(例えばBSA溶液、カゼイン溶液、スキムミルク溶液、高分子ブロッキング液)、タンク12cには一次抗体溶液(例えば目的のタンパク質を認識する抗体溶液、ペプチドアプタマー溶液、核酸アプタマー溶液、相互作用をもつタンパク溶液)、タンク12dには二次抗体溶液(例えば発色物質、蛍光物質または放射性同位体等で標識された、一次抗体を認識する抗体溶液)、タンク12eには検出反応溶液(例えば西洋ワサビペルオキシダーゼ、アルカリホスファターゼ等の発色または発光溶液等)が充填され得る。
ポンプ11aは、チューブ13c、13d、13e、13fおよび13gを介してそれぞれタンク12a、12b、12c、12dおよび12eに接続され、また、チューブ13aを介してノズル14aに接続されている。ポンプ11aは、タンク12a、12b、12c、12dおよび12eに入っている液体を任意に陽極バッファ槽30に注入することができる。
制御部68は、サンプル分離転写装置100の各種制御(アーム部の位置の制御、陽極32および陰極41に印加する電流・電圧の制御、ポンプ11a・11bの制御、ペルティエ素子34の制御、仕切り板33の動作の制御等)を行う制御盤である。制御部68は、ユーザからの入力を受けるためのボタン、スイッチや、動作状態をユーザに通知するためのランプ、表示部等を備えていてもよい。
次に、実施形態1のサンプル分離転写装置100におけるサンプルの電気泳動、転写および転写後の処理の流れについて、図1~4を参照して説明する。図1に示すように、サンプルの電気泳動および転写時において、転写膜1は、フレーム20によって、第一開口50aに当接する位置に配置された状態で保持される。
本発明の他の実施形態(実施形態2)について、図5に基づいて説明すれば、以下のとおりである。なお、説明の便宜上、実施形態1において説明した部材と同じ機能を有する部材については、同じ符号を付記し、その説明を省略する。
実施形態2では、図5に示すように、ノズル14a・14bは、開口部15a・15bを有する端部が、陽極バッファ槽30内の側面および底面に沿ってL字に折れ曲がり、開口部15a・15bが、陽極バッファ槽30の底面に対し垂直方向に開口している。
実施形態2のサンプル分離転写装置100におけるサンプルの電気泳動、転写および転写後の処理の流れについては、実施形態1と同様である。
本発明の他の実施形態(実施形態3)について、図6に基づいて説明すれば、以下のとおりである。なお、説明の便宜上、実施形態1において説明した部材と同じ機能を有する部材については、同じ符号を付記し、その説明を省略する。
実施形態3では、図6に示すように、陽極バッファ槽30の底面には、親水性領域(一部の領域)71および疎水性領域(その他の領域)72が存在する。より具体的には、親水性領域71は第2領域36に存在する。すなわち、陽極バッファ槽30(具体的には第2領域36)の底面は、親水性領域71と該親水性領域71を囲むように配置された疎水性領域72とを備える。
実施形態3のサンプル分離転写装置100におけるサンプルの電気泳動、転写および転写後の処理の流れについては、実施形態1と同様である。また、実施形態3のサンプル分離転写装置100におけるノズルは、実施形態2と同様として説明しているが、実施形態1と同様であってもよい。
本発明の他の実施形態(実施形態4)について、図8に基づいて説明すれば、以下のとおりである。なお、説明の便宜上、実施形態1~3において説明した部材と同じ機能を有する部材については、同じ符号を付記し、その説明を省略する。
実施形態4において、陽極バッファ槽30の底面には、図8に示すように、転写膜1に対して離接する方向に移動するようになっている昇降板82が備えられている。すなわち、実施形態2における親水性領域71に相当する位置に昇降板82が備えられている。ここで、昇降板82の大きさは転写膜1よりも大きくなっている。すなわち、昇降板82の大きさはフレーム20の内径よりも大きい。そのため、昇降板82が転写膜1に対して接近する方向に移動すると、昇降板82はフレーム20と当接し、昇降板82とフレーム20と転写膜1とで密閉された空間83が形成される。陽極バッファ槽30に注入した液体を昇降板82に載せた状態で、転写膜1に対して接近する方向に移動させれば、該液体を空間83に保持することができる。この場合、昇降板82を有さない場合と比較して、転写膜1との距離が短くなるため、少ない液量でも転写膜1に該液体を接触させることができる。そのため、高価な試薬(抗体溶液など)の使用量をより少なくすることができる。また、ムラなく均一に反応させることができる。実施形態4では、例えば、一次抗体溶液、二次抗体溶液および検出反応溶液の使用量を、5mL以下、好ましくは3mL以下、より好ましくは1mLにすることができる。
実施形態4におけるノズル14a・14bは、昇降板82に重ならない位置に備えられている。すなわち、開口部15a・15bは、陽極バッファ槽30の底面のうち昇降板82が設けられていない部分に接触している。開口部15aは、昇降板82に近い位置にあるほど、親水性領域71に液体を配置させやすいため、好ましい。
実施形態4のサンプル分離転写装置100におけるサンプルの電気泳動、転写および転写後の処理の流れについて説明する。
本発明の他の実施形態(実施形態5)について、図9に基づいて説明すれば、以下のとおりである。なお、説明の便宜上、実施形態1において説明した部材と同じ機能を有する部材については、同じ符号を付記し、その説明を省略する。
実施形態5では、実施形態1のタンク12a~12fに相当するタンク92a~92fを備えている。ここで、図9に示すように、陽極バッファ槽30内には、第2領域36の内側面にノズル94a~94fが備えられている。タンク92a~92fは、それぞれチューブ93g~93l、ポンプ91a~91f、チューブ93a~93fを介してノズル94a~94fに接続されている。すなわち、タンク92a~92fは、個々に、チューブ、ポンプおよびノズルを備えている。このように、実施形態5では、注入用のタンク(タンクa~92e)が、個々に、チューブ、ポンプおよびノズルを備えている。このような構成では、各液体が別々のルートで陽極バッファ槽30内に注入されるため、試薬の混入の虞が少ないという利点がある。
実施形態1および5のサンプル分離転写装置100において、実施形態2と同様に、陽極バッファ槽30の底面に親水性領域71および疎水性領域72が存在していてもよい。
本発明の態様1に係るサンプル分離転写装置100は、電気泳動によって検体を分離し、分離した該検体をバッファ槽(陽極バッファ槽30)内の排出部(第一開口50a)から排出し、転写膜1を該排出部に当接させて移動させることによって分離した該検体を該転写膜1に転写するサンプル分離転写装置であって、該バッファ槽を充填する液体を交換する送液ポンプ(ポンプ11a・11bまたは91a~91f)を備えている。
11a・11b ポンプ(送液ポンプ)
12a~12f タンク
13a~13h チューブ
14a・14b ノズル
15a・15b 開口部
16a・16b 接続部
20 フレーム
20a フレーム下部
20b フレーム上部
23 キャリア(アーム部)
24 パッキン
30 陽極バッファ槽(バッファ槽)
31 テーブル
32 陽極
33 仕切り板
34 ペルティエ素子
35 第1領域
36 第2領域
40 陰極バッファ槽
41 陰極
42 ロック
50 分離部
50a 第一開口(排出部)
50b 第二開口
51・53 絶縁板
52 分離ゲル(分離媒体)
62 モータ(駆動部)
63 ボールネジ(駆動部)
64 ガイドシャフト(駆動部)
65 シャフトホルダ(駆動部)
66 ガイドポール(アーム部)
68 制御部
71 親水性領域(一部の領域)
72 疎水性領域(一部の領域を囲う領域)
73 溝
81 ボールねじ
82 昇降板
83 空間
91a~91f ポンプ(送液ポンプ)
92a~92f タンク
93a~93l チューブ
94a~94f ノズル
100 分離転写装置
Claims (10)
- 電気泳動によって検体を分離し、分離した該検体をバッファ槽内の排出部から排出し、転写膜を該排出部に当接させて移動させることによって分離した該検体を該転写膜に転写するサンプル分離転写装置であって、
該バッファ槽を充填する液体を交換する送液ポンプを備えていることを特徴とするサンプル分離転写装置。 - 上記送液ポンプは、上記バッファ槽を充填する液体を、陽極バッファ、洗浄液、ブロッキング溶液、抗体溶液および検出反応溶液からなる群より選択される二つの液体間で交換することを特徴とする請求項1に記載のサンプル分離転写装置。
- 上記バッファ槽の底面は、一部の領域が親水性であり、当該一部の領域を囲う領域が疎水性であることを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載のサンプル分離転写装置。
- 上記バッファ槽の底面は、上記転写膜に対して離接する方向に移動する昇降板を備えることを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載のサンプル分離転写装置。
- 上記昇降板の上面は、外縁部が疎水性であり、その他の領域は親水性であることを特徴とする請求項4に記載のサンプル分離転写装置。
- 上記バッファ槽の底面に収納され、突出により該バッファ槽を2つの領域に分けることができる、仕切り板を備えることを特徴とする請求項1~5のいずれか1項に記載のサンプル分離転写装置。
- 上記バッファ槽の底面が傾斜していることを特徴とする請求項1~6のいずれか1項に記載のサンプル分離転写装置。
- 上記バッファ槽の底面に溝が設けられていることを特徴とする請求項1~7のいずれか1項に記載のサンプル分離転写装置。
- 上記転写膜を保持し振盪するアーム部を備えていることを特徴とする、請求項1または2に記載のサンプル分離転写装置。
- 請求項1~9のいずれか1項に記載のサンプル分離転写装置を用いて、検体の分離、転写膜への転写、および免疫染色を行う方法であって、転写膜への転写および免疫染色をバッファ槽内で行うことを特徴とするサンプル分析方法。
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CN108120840B (zh) * | 2018-01-19 | 2020-09-08 | 深圳市亚辉龙生物科技股份有限公司 | 全自动免疫印迹分析仪 |
KR102136719B1 (ko) * | 2018-02-13 | 2020-07-22 | 울산대학교 산학협력단 | 유기물 분석장치 |
KR101964614B1 (ko) | 2018-03-07 | 2019-04-02 | 충남대학교산학협력단 | 웨스턴 블로팅용 전사탱크 |
CN108459068B (zh) * | 2018-06-14 | 2024-04-30 | 沧州医学高等专科学校 | 凝胶制备用自动化装置及使用方法 |
KR102098485B1 (ko) * | 2018-08-03 | 2020-04-07 | 울산대학교 산학협력단 | 유기물 분석장치 |
CN111595654B (zh) * | 2020-06-09 | 2021-12-31 | 无锡市第五人民医院 | 用于生化样品收集的装置及组件 |
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- 2015-12-08 US US15/303,554 patent/US20170038337A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2015-12-08 KR KR1020167030742A patent/KR20160142359A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
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KR20160142359A (ko) | 2016-12-12 |
CN106461606A (zh) | 2017-02-22 |
JP6030691B1 (ja) | 2016-11-24 |
SG11201700362RA (en) | 2017-03-30 |
US20170038337A1 (en) | 2017-02-09 |
JP2016200516A (ja) | 2016-12-01 |
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