WO2016159601A1 - 반사형 액정 소자 및 이의 용도 - Google Patents
반사형 액정 소자 및 이의 용도 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2016159601A1 WO2016159601A1 PCT/KR2016/003103 KR2016003103W WO2016159601A1 WO 2016159601 A1 WO2016159601 A1 WO 2016159601A1 KR 2016003103 W KR2016003103 W KR 2016003103W WO 2016159601 A1 WO2016159601 A1 WO 2016159601A1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/137—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering
- G02F1/13731—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering based on a field-induced phase transition
- G02F1/13737—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering based on a field-induced phase transition in liquid crystals doped with a pleochroic dye
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- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/137—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering
- G02F1/13725—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering based on guest-host interaction
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
- C09K19/02—Liquid crystal materials characterised by optical, electrical or physical properties of the components, in general
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
- C09K19/52—Liquid crystal materials characterised by components which are not liquid crystals, e.g. additives with special physical aspect: solvents, solid particles
- C09K19/60—Pleochroic dyes
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- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/13363—Birefringent elements, e.g. for optical compensation
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- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
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- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
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- G02F1/1337—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
- C09K19/04—Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit
- C09K19/38—Polymers
- C09K19/3833—Polymers with mesogenic groups in the side chain
- C09K19/3842—Polyvinyl derivatives
- C09K19/3852—Poly(meth)acrylate derivatives
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- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
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- G02F1/133553—Reflecting elements
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- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
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- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
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- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
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- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
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- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
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- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
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- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
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- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
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- G02F1/1337—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers
- G02F1/13378—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers by treatment of the surface, e.g. embossing, rubbing or light irradiation
- G02F1/133788—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers by treatment of the surface, e.g. embossing, rubbing or light irradiation by light irradiation, e.g. linearly polarised light photo-polymerisation
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- G02F1/137—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering
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- G02F2413/00—Indexing scheme related to G02F1/13363, i.e. to birefringent elements, e.g. for optical compensation, characterised by the number, position, orientation or value of the compensation plates
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Definitions
- the present application relates to a reflective liquid crystal device and its use.
- a dichroic dye is mixed as a guest molecule with respect to the host molecule of the liquid crystal layer, and the arrangement of the host molecule and the guest molecule is changed by the voltage applied to the liquid crystal to improve the light absorption rate of the liquid crystal layer. Can change.
- the dichroic dye when a dichroic dye having a rod-like structure is used as a guest molecule, the dichroic dye has a property of being oriented in parallel to the host molecule. Therefore, when an electric field is applied to change the orientation of the host molecule, the dichroic dye is aligned. Orientation may also vary with host molecules.
- Such a reflective device typically implements a blocking mode in the absence of an external electric field due to a liquid crystal array that is horizontally oriented in the guest-host liquid crystal, and a continuous electric field must be applied to implement the transmission mode. Therefore, there is a problem that power consumption is increased, and when the alignment of the liquid crystal changes from the horizontal alignment mode to the vertical alignment mode, there is a problem that haze occurs due to disordered alignment of the liquid crystal.
- Patent Document 1 Korean Laid-Open Patent Publication 2008-0079564
- the present application provides a reflective liquid crystal device and its use.
- the present application provides a reflection type liquid crystal device of a conventional transmission mode and its use to implement the transmission mode in the state that no external electric field is applied.
- the present application also provides a reflective liquid crystal device capable of switching an excellent light blocking property to a blocking mode when the external electric field is used, and a use thereof.
- the present application further provides a reflection type liquid crystal device having no haze characteristic and its use even when an external electric field is applied and a blocking mode is implemented.
- the present application relates to a reflective liquid crystal device and its use.
- the liquid crystal device of the present application has reflection characteristics, and may be applied to various display devices using liquid crystals, for example, liquid crystal displays, or to devices using liquid crystals, such as automotive room mirrors or side mirrors.
- the reflective liquid crystal device has a structure including a polarizing plate 100, a liquid crystal cell 200, and a reflecting plate 300.
- the reflective liquid crystal device including the polarizing plate as described above, there may be various problems such as loss of reflectance and / or blocking rate due to the polarizing plate, and the thickness thereof may be too thick to meet the thinning of the liquid crystal device.
- the reflective liquid crystal device of the present application replaces the polarizing plate with a guest-host liquid crystal cell, thereby preventing the loss of light due to the polarizing plate during reflection, and preventing the reduction of the blocking rate due to polarization and absorption during blocking. .
- a blocking mode is realized in a state in which an external electric field is not applied due to the molecular arrangement of the horizontally aligned liquid crystal, and by application of an external electric field. Since the transparent mode is implemented, there is a problem in that an electric field must be continuously applied to implement the transparent mode.
- the conventional reflective liquid crystal device since the guest-host liquid crystal layer containing the liquid crystal compound that is pretilt vertically aligned at a predetermined angle by the pretilt vertical alignment film, the conventional reflective liquid crystal device is The problem of power consumption which has had can be improved.
- the present application further includes a quarter wave plate in the reflective liquid crystal device, and thus, when the blocking mode is implemented by the application of an external electric field, there is an advantage in that better light blocking characteristics can be realized.
- the present application may improve the haze increase problem that may occur due to disorderly alignment of the liquid crystal compounds when an external electric field is applied.
- the reflective liquid crystal device of the present application is a guest-host liquid crystal layer; Pretilt vertical alignment film; And quarter wave plates.
- the present application is a guest-host liquid crystal layer comprising a liquid crystal compound and a dichroic dye; A pretilt vertical alignment layer existing on one or both surfaces of the guest-host liquid crystal layer; And quarter-wave plates.
- the liquid crystal device of the present application includes a guest-host liquid crystal layer.
- the guest-host liquid crystal layer of the present application mixes a dichroic dye as a guest molecule to a liquid crystal compound which is a host molecule, and changes the arrangement of the host molecule and the guest molecule by a voltage applied to the liquid crystal to implement a transmission mode or a blocking mode. It may mean a liquid crystal layer.
- This guest-host liquid crystal layer contains a liquid crystal compound and a dichroic dye. That is, the guest-host liquid crystal layer of the present application may be a layer formed by mixing a dichroic dye with the liquid crystal compound.
- the guest-host liquid crystal layer of the present application may include a liquid crystal compound oriented in one direction and a dichroic dye oriented by the liquid crystal compound.
- the dichroic dye included in the guest-host liquid crystal layer of the present application may be oriented by the liquid crystal compound, and may anisotropically absorb light entering the liquid crystal layer depending on whether voltage is applied.
- the guest-host liquid crystal layer of the present application absorbs, among the unpolarized light incident to the guest-host liquid crystal layer, for example light parallel to the direction of orientation of the dichroic dye molecules, Light perpendicular to the direction of orientation of the dye molecules may be allowed to pass.
- the light passing through the guest-host liquid crystal layer by the above process may be light polarized in one direction.
- the term “dye” may refer to a material capable of intensively absorbing and / or modifying light in at least part or entire range within a visible light region, for example, in a wavelength range of 400 nm to 800 nm
- the term “dichroic dye” may refer to a material capable of anisotropic absorption of light in at least part or entire range of the visible light region.
- dichroic dye for example, all kinds of dyes known to have properties as described above and can be oriented according to the alignment direction of the liquid crystal compound may be used.
- the dichroic dye is a dye having a maximum absorbance in the visible region, for example, 400 nm to 800 nm, and includes an azo compound, an anthraquinone compound, a phthalocyanine compound, an azomethine compound, and an indigo.
- Indigoid or thioindigoid compounds merocyanine compounds, 1,3-bis dicyanomethylene indan compounds, azulene ) -Based compounds, quinophthalonic compounds, triphenodioxazine compounds, indolo [2,3, b] quinoxaline compounds, Imidazo [1,2-b] -1,2,4 triazines-based compounds, tetrazine-based compounds, benzo-based compounds
- Compounds having a molecular skeleton of compounds, naphtoquinones-based compounds, or a combination thereof may be used.
- the dichroic dye may be selected from compounds where the difference in solubility parameters from the liquid crystal compound is less than about 7.4 (cal / cm 3 ) 1/2 .
- the solubility parameter indicates a degree of interaction between two or more kinds of compounds. The smaller the solubility parameter difference between the compounds, the greater the interaction. The larger the solubility parameter between the compounds, the less the interaction. Means that.
- the solubility parameter is related to the structure of the compound, and by having a difference in the solubility parameter in the above range, it is possible to increase the interaction between the liquid crystal compound and the dichroic dye in the liquid crystal layer to increase the melt mixing, and to bundle the dichroic dyes Can be prevented and excellent dispersibility can be achieved.
- the dichroic dye may have a dichroic ratio in the range of 1.5 to 14. Also, it may be about 3 to 12 within the above range, and may be about 5 to 10 within the above range.
- the dichroic ratio is a value obtained by dividing the planar polarization absorption in the direction parallel to the axis of the liquid crystal compound in the liquid crystal layer by the polarization absorption in the vertical direction, and may indicate the degree to which the dichroic dyes are arranged side by side in one direction. .
- the dichroic dye may have sufficient affinity with the liquid crystal compound, thereby enabling melt mixing and inducing the orientation of the dichroic dye according to the alignment of the liquid crystal compound. Can be improved.
- the dichroic dye may be included in an appropriate range in the liquid crystal layer.
- the reflectance and blocking rate of the liquid crystal layer may be changed according to the content of the dichroic dye, and in the present application, the content may be adjusted in consideration of the desired reflectance and blocking range.
- the guest-host liquid crystal layer may include a dichroic dye in a ratio of 0.3 to 3 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the liquid crystal compound.
- the liquid crystal device of the present application can achieve a desired reflectance and blocking range.
- the dichroic dye may be included in the guest-host liquid crystal layer in the range of 0.4 to 2.8 parts by weight, 0.5 to 2.5 parts by weight or 0.8 to 2 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the liquid crystal compound.
- the guest-host liquid crystal layer of the present application includes a liquid crystal compound.
- the liquid crystal compound may be broadly classified into a thermotropic liquid crystal or a lyotropic liquid crystal.
- the thermotropic liquid crystal may refer to a liquid crystal whose molecular structure changes only by heat.
- the lyotropic liquid crystal may refer to a liquid crystal having a property of changing molecular structure by other factors besides heat.
- the thermotropic liquid crystal may be referred to as a temperature transfer liquid crystal, and the lyotropic liquid crystal may be referred to as a concentration transition liquid crystal.
- the liquid crystal compound included in the liquid crystal cell of the present application may be a temperature transfer liquid crystal compound or a concentration transition liquid crystal compound.
- the temperature transfer type liquid crystal compound or the concentration transfer type liquid crystal compound may be classified into a rod-like liquid crystal compound or a discotic liquid crystal compound according to the shape thereof.
- according to the difference in the arrangement method can be divided into smectic, nematic or cholesteric liquid crystal compound.
- the liquid crystal compound included in the liquid crystal layer of the present application may be a nematic liquid crystal compound.
- the liquid crystal compound included in the liquid crystal layer of the present application may be an N-type nematic liquid crystal compound.
- the extraordinary dielectric anisotropy ( ⁇ e) is about 1 to 5
- the normal dielectric constant ( ⁇ o) ordinary dielectric anisotropy) may be in the range of about 4 to about 40 degrees.
- the liquid crystal layer of the present application uses the above-mentioned liquid crystal compound as a host molecule, mixes the dichroic dye into a guest molecule and forms it on the alignment film described later, thereby providing a guest-containing liquid crystal compound and a dichroic dye oriented in a predetermined direction.
- a host liquid crystal layer can be formed.
- the method for forming the guest-host liquid crystal layer of the present application for example, by mixing a liquid crystal compound and a dichroic dye contained in a predetermined amount compared to the liquid crystal compound and other additives to prepare a composition for forming a liquid crystal layer Thereafter, a method of injecting the liquid crystal layer forming composition between the substrate layers on which the alignment layer and the transparent electrode are formed and spaced apart from each other and applying heat or light may be used, but is not limited thereto.
- the liquid crystal compound included in the guest-host liquid crystal layer formed by the above method may be in a state of being aligned in a predetermined direction by the pretilt vertical alignment layer.
- the liquid crystal compound included in the guest-host liquid crystal layer of the present application may be pretilt aligned at a predetermined angle with respect to the liquid crystal layer base surface by the pretilt vertical alignment layer.
- the pretilt vertical alignment of the liquid crystal compound may mean a state in which the plane of the guest-host liquid crystal layer and the optical axis of the liquid crystal compound in the liquid crystal layer are aligned at a predetermined angle, for example, 70 ° to 90 °. .
- the optical axis may mean a slow axis or a fast axis, but may preferably mean a slow axis.
- the pretilt angle of the liquid crystal compound included in the guest-host liquid crystal layer may be in a range of 70 ° to 90 °.
- liquid crystal layer including the pretilt vertically aligned liquid crystal compound when used as the guest-host liquid crystal layer, it is possible to provide a liquid crystal device in a transmissive mode, and the liquid crystal compounds are randomly oriented when the voltage is applied to the haze. Can be prevented from occurring.
- the pretilt angle of the liquid crystal compound included in the guest-host liquid crystal layer may be in the range of 75 ° to 88 ° or 78 ° to 85 °.
- the thickness of the guest-host liquid crystal layer may be in the range of 3 ⁇ m to 30 ⁇ m, for example. Within the range as described above, the liquid crystal device can be thinned and the desired light blocking rate and reflectance can be realized, the problem of deterioration due to the viewing angle can be overcome, and the contrast ratio can be improved. In another example, the liquid crystal layer may have a thickness range of 5 ⁇ m to 25 ⁇ m or 8 ⁇ m to 20 ⁇ m.
- the reflective liquid crystal device of the present application includes a pretilt vertical alignment layer.
- the pretilt vertical alignment layer may exist on one or both sides of the guest-host liquid crystal layer so as to orient the liquid crystal compound in the guest-host liquid crystal layer, and for example, may exist on both sides of the guest-host liquid crystal layer.
- the pretilt vertical alignment layer may pre-tilt the guest-host liquid crystal layer, and may prevent the liquid crystal compounds from being randomly arranged when a voltage is applied.
- the pretilt vertical alignment layer of the present application may have a pretilt angle within a range of 70 ° to 90 °.
- the pretilt angle may refer to an angle formed between a surface normal perpendicular to the alignment layer plane and an optical axis direction of a compound included in the alignment layer, for example, a liquid crystal compound.
- the pretilt vertical alignment layer may have a pretilt angle within a range of 75 ° to 88 ° or 78 ° to 85 °.
- the pretilt vertical alignment layer of the present application may be, for example, a photo alignment layer or a rubbing alignment layer.
- the pretilt vertical alignment layer is formed in a rubbing process in which a vertical alignment layer is formed using a composition for forming a vertical alignment layer, for example, a photoalignable compound including a vertically oriented polar functional group, and then gives a predetermined pretilt angle. It may be formed by, but is not limited thereto.
- the photo-alignment compound is aligned in a predetermined direction through irradiation of light or the like, and in the aligned state, the liquid crystal compound in the adjacent liquid crystal layer through an interaction such as anisotropic interaction in a predetermined direction. It can mean a compound that can be oriented.
- the alignment layer may include a photoalignable compound.
- the photo-alignment compound may be, for example, a monomolecular compound, a monomer compound, an oligomeric compound, or a high molecular compound.
- the photoalignable compound may be a compound including a photosensitive moiety.
- Photoalignable compounds include, for example, compounds aligned by trans-cis photoisomerization; Compounds aligned by photo-destruction, such as chain scission or photo-oxidation; Compounds ordered by photocrosslinking or photopolymerization such as [2 + 2] addition cyclization ([2 + 2] cycloaddition), [4 + 4] addition cyclization or photodimerization; Compounds aligned by photo-Fries rearrangement; Or compounds ordered by a ring opening / closure reaction; Etc. can be used.
- Examples of the compound aligned by the trans-cis photoisomerization include azo compounds, stilbenes, and the like, such as sulfated diazo dyes or azo polymers. Can be.
- Examples of the compound aligned by photolysis include cyclobutane tetracarboxylic dianhydride (cyclobutane-1,2,3,4-tetracarboxylic dianhydride); Aromatic polysilanes or polyesters; polystyrene; Or polyimide; And the like can be exemplified.
- cyclobutane tetracarboxylic dianhydride cyclobutane-1,2,3,4-tetracarboxylic dianhydride
- Aromatic polysilanes or polyesters polystyrene; Or polyimide; And the like can be exemplified.
- Examples of the compound aligned by photo-crosslinking or photopolymerization include cinnamate compounds, coumarin compounds, cinnanam compounds, tetrahydrophthalimide compounds, maleimide compounds, Benzophenone compounds, diphenylacetylene compounds, compounds having chalconyl residues (hereinafter referred to as chalconyl compounds) or compounds having anthracenyl residues (hereinafter referred to as anthracenyl compounds) as photosensitive residues May be exemplified.
- the photo-alignment compound may be a monomolecular compound, a monomer compound, an oligomeric compound or a polymer compound, or may be in the form of a blend of the photo-alignment compound and the polymer.
- the oligomer or polymer compound may have a residue derived from the above-described photoalignable compound or a photosensitive residue described above in the main chain or in the side chain.
- Polymers having residues or photosensitive residues derived from photo-alignment compounds or that can be mixed with the photo-alignment compounds include polynorbornene, polyolefins, polyarylates, polyacrylates, poly (meth) acrylates, poly Examples include mead, poly (amic acid), polymaleimide, polyacrylamide, polymethacrylamide, polyvinyl ether, polyvinyl ester, polystyrene, polysiloxane, polyacrylonitrile or polymethacrylonitrile It may be, but is not limited thereto.
- Polymers that may be included in the oriented compound include, for example, polynorbornene cinnamate, polynorbornene alkoxy cinnamate, polynorbornene allylyloxy cinnamate, polynorbornene fluorinated cinnamate, polynorbornene chlorinated cinnamate or Polynorbornene discinnamate and the like can be exemplified, but is not limited thereto.
- the alignment compound is a polymeric compound
- the compound may have, for example, a number average molecular weight of about 10,000 g / mol to about 500,000 g / mol, but is not limited thereto.
- the photoalignable compound may include a vertically oriented polar functional group to impart vertical alignment characteristics to the alignment layer.
- the term vertically oriented polar functional group may include all kinds of functional groups capable of imparting a vertical alignment force to the alignment layer that can vertically align the liquid crystal compound through interaction with the liquid crystal compound, for example.
- a functional group an acryloyl group, a methacryloyl group, etc. can be illustrated.
- the pretilt angle may be imparted to the vertical alignment layer by forming a vertically aligned alignment layer using a photoalignable compound including a vertically aligned polar functional group and then performing a rubbing process.
- the rubbing process may include a step of rubbing the vertical alignment layer with a fibrous cloth or the like.
- the rubbing process may be performed such that the rubbing directions of the pair of alignment layers cross each other.
- the liquid crystal compounds in the liquid crystal layer between the pair of alignment layers may be aligned in one direction, and the phenomenon in which haze occurs may be reduced when the voltage is applied.
- the liquid crystal device of the present application includes a quarter wave plate.
- the quarter-wave plate of the present application refers to an optically anisotropic layer for linearly polarizing light linearly polarized or right polarized light, or linearly polarizing left circularly polarized or right polarized light.
- the quarter-wave plate of the present application may include a coating layer including a liquid crystal compound, a polymer film having optical anisotropy, or a laminated structure of a coating layer and a polymer film including a liquid crystal compound.
- the liquid crystal compound may be formed by, for example, polymerizing reactive mesogen.
- reactive mesogen in the present application may refer to a mesogen including a reactor capable of inducing polymerization by light or heat, for example, a polymerizable functional group.
- mesogen refers to a meso phase compound that can cause the layer to exhibit liquid crystal phase behavior when a polymerizable liquid crystal compound such as reactive mesogen is polymerized to form a layer. It may mean.
- the reactive mesogen included in the quarter-wave plate may be, for example, mesogen having two or three or more polymerizable functional groups.
- the following formula 1 or formula 2 It may have a structure.
- P may mean a polymerizable functional group
- A may mean a mesogenic group
- Sp may mean a linking group.
- linker serves to connect the polymerizable functional group and the mesogenic group, and when the liquid crystal compound is polymerized to form an optically anisotropic layer, it may mean that the role of providing flexibility of the optically anisotropic layer is provided. have.
- Examples of the polymerizable functional group may be (meth) acrylate, (meth) acrylamide, acrylonitrile, styrene, alkyl group, cyano group, alkoxy group or vinyl group, but are not limited thereto. Any functional group having reactivity to inducible heat or light may be used without limitation.
- the term (meth) acrylate may mean acrylate or methacrylate
- the term (meth) acrylamide may mean acrylamide or methacrylamide.
- the mesogenic group may be a calamitic mesogenic group or a discotic mesogenic group.
- the calamitic mesogenic group is a rod-shaped shape including one or more aromatic or aliphatic rings connected in one direction, and may refer to a mesogenic group that can be polymerized to form a rod-like liquid crystal structure.
- a calamitic mesogenic group may include one or more functional groups at the end or side of the rod-shaped.
- calamitic mesogenic group may be represented by the following Equation 3.
- the discotic mesogenic group is a mesogenic group having a planar core structure including one or more aromatic or aliphatic rings, and may mean a mesogenic group that can be polymerized to form a discotic liquid crystal structure.
- a mesogenic group that can be polymerized to form a discotic liquid crystal structure.
- there may be triphenylene and the like, but is not limited thereto.
- the linking group included in Formulas 1 and 2 may be, for example, in the form of-(A 4 -B) m- , wherein A 4 is a linear or branched alkylene group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms. And B may be oxygen or sulfur and m may be a number from 1 to 5.
- the polymer film may be used without limitation as long as it can provide optical anisotropy to the polymer.
- the polymer film may be polyolefin, such as polyethylene, polypropylene or norbornene-based polymer, polyvinyl alcohol, poly methacrylate ester, polyacrylic acid ester or cellulose ester and the like.
- the polymer film may use a copolymer of these polymers or a mixture of polymers.
- optical anisotropy of the polymer film can be obtained by stretching. Stretching may be uniaxial or biaxial stretching.
- the uniaxial stretching for imparting optical anisotropy to the polymer film is preferably a longitudinal uniaxial stretching using a speed difference of two or more rolls or a tenter stretching in which both sides of the polymer film are drawn and stretched in the width direction.
- the quarter wave plate of the present application is applied to a reflective liquid crystal device by applying an external electric field and horizontally aligning the liquid crystal compound included in the guest-host liquid crystal layer. It can play a role in making it effective.
- the optical axis of the quarter wave plate may form an angle of 40 ° to 50 ° with the optical axis of the liquid crystal compound included in the horizontally aligned guest-host liquid crystal layer by application of an external electric field.
- a quarter wave plate having switching characteristics of desired linear polarization and circular polarization can be realized, and excellent light blocking characteristics of the reflective liquid crystal device can be exhibited.
- the optical axis of the quarter wave plate may mean, for example, an optical axis of the liquid crystal compound when the quarter wave plate is a coating layer containing a liquid crystal compound.
- the optical axis of the quarter wave plate is 42 ° to 48 °, 43 ° to 47 °, 44 ° with the optical axis of the liquid crystal compound included in the horizontally oriented guest-host liquid crystal layer by application of an external electric field. To about 46 ° or about 45 °.
- the manufacturing method is a step of coating a mixture containing reactive mesogen, an initiator, and other additives on a substrate using a known coating method, and then curing the mixture. This may be illustrated but is not limited thereto.
- the quarter wave plate is a polymer film
- a method of manufacturing the solvent may be exemplified, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
- Various known production methods may be used without limitation.
- the reflective liquid crystal device of the present application may further include a base layer formed on one or both sides of the guest-host liquid crystal layer.
- the reflective liquid crystal device of the present application may include a pair of base layers, and may have a structure including a guest-host liquid crystal layer and an alignment layer between the base layers.
- the reflective liquid crystal device of the present application includes a guest-host liquid crystal layer 600 existing between a pair of base layers 401a and b, and the pair of base layers
- One of the substrate layers 401b of 401a and b may have a structure including a quarter wave plate 700 positioned on a surface opposite to the surface where the guest-host liquid crystal layer 600 is present.
- a structure including a pair of alignment layers 500 and a pair of electrode layers 402 which are sequentially formed on both sides of the guest-host liquid crystal layer 600 between the pair of base layers 401a and b. You can have more.
- the reflective liquid crystal device of the present application includes a base layer 401a, a guest-host liquid crystal layer 600 formed on the base layer 401a, and a quarter wavelength. It may have a structure including a plate 700. In this case, the reflective liquid crystal device may further have a structure including a pair of alignment layers 500 and a pair of electrode layers 402 that are sequentially formed on both surfaces of the guest-host liquid crystal layer 600.
- the substrate layer may use a known material without particular limitation.
- inorganic films, plastic films, etc. such as a glass film, a crystalline or amorphous silicon film, or quartz, can be used.
- an optically isotropic base material layer or an optically anisotropic base material layer such as a retardation layer can be used.
- the plastic base layer includes triacetyl cellulose, cyclic olefin copolymer, polymethyl (meth) acrylate, polycarbonate, polyethylene terephthalate, polyimide, polyarylate, polysulfone, and amorphous fluorocarbon resin. It may be any one or more selected from, but is not limited thereto. If necessary, a coating layer of a silicon compound such as gold, silver, silicon dioxide or silicon monoxide, or a coating layer such as an antireflection layer may be present in the base layer.
- a silicon compound such as gold, silver, silicon dioxide or silicon monoxide
- a coating layer such as an antireflection layer
- the reflective liquid crystal device of the present application may further include a pair of electrode layers for changing the orientation of the liquid crystal compound included in the guest-host liquid crystal layer.
- the reflective liquid crystal device of the present application includes a guest-host liquid crystal layer 600 and the guest-host liquid crystal layer 600 existing between a pair of substrate layers 401a and b.
- the layer 600 may have a structure including a quarter wave plate 700 positioned on a side opposite to the side on which the layer 600 is present.
- the electrode layer may be, for example, a transparent electrode.
- the transparent electrode may be formed by, for example, depositing a conductive polymer, a conductive metal, a conductive nanowire, or a metal oxide such as indium tin oxide (ITO).
- ITO indium tin oxide
- One of the transparent electrodes may have a pattern formed to prevent a phenomenon in which an external object is seen through the reflecting plate.
- the transparent electrode in which the reflecting plate is located close to the transparent electrode may be patterned.
- the thickness of the electrode layer may be in the range of 50 ⁇ m to 200 ⁇ m, for example.
- the thickness may be appropriately adjusted in consideration of the thickness of the guest-host liquid crystal layer described later.
- the thickness range of the liquid crystal layer, the base layer, and the electrode layer may be set to satisfy the following Equation 1.
- Equation 1 b is the thickness of the guest-host liquid crystal layer, a is the sum of the thickness of the base layer and the electrode layer.
- the guest-host liquid crystal layer of the present application has a thickness range set to satisfy Equation 1, it is possible to overcome a problem of deterioration due to the viewing angle, improve contrast ratio, and achieve desired reflectance and transmittance. Can be.
- the thickness of the base layer and the electrode layer and the thickness of the guest-host liquid crystal layer may be adjusted such that b / a of Equation 1 is in the range of 0.02 to 0.5 or 0.04 to 0.4. However, it is not limited thereto.
- the reflective liquid crystal device of the present application may further include a reflector.
- the reflective plate may be located on the opposite side of the surface where the guest-host liquid crystal layer of the quarter wave plate exists.
- the reflective liquid crystal device of the present application has a structure including a pair of base layers
- the reflective liquid crystal device is sequentially on both sides of the guest-host liquid crystal layer 600, as shown in FIG. And a pair of alignment layers 500, a pair of electrode layers 402, and a pair of base layers 401a and b, and are farther from the direction in which light is incident among the pair of base layers 401a and b.
- It may have a structure including a quarter wave plate 700 and a reflecting plate 300 sequentially positioned on the opposite side of the surface where the guest-host liquid crystal layer 600 of the substrate layer 401b is located.
- the reflective liquid crystal device of the present application implements a transmission mode in a state where no external electric field is applied.
- the term “normal transmission mode” refers to a mode in which the reflectance of the liquid crystal element is 30% or more in a state where no external electric field is applied.
- the reflectance may be measured by using a D65 light source, for example, using a Corica Minolta spectrophotometer (CM-2500d).
- CM-2500d Corica Minolta spectrophotometer
- the reflective liquid crystal device of the present application may maintain a transmission mode exhibiting a reflectance of 30% or more in a state where no external electric field is applied.
- the reflective liquid crystal device of the present application may maintain a transmission mode that exhibits a reflectance of at least 40%, at least 50%, or at least 60% without an external electric field applied.
- the orientation of the liquid crystal compound included in the guest-host liquid crystal layer may be changed, and thus the reflectance of the liquid crystal device may be changed.
- the reflective liquid crystal device of the present application may satisfy the following Equation 2.
- Equation 2 A represents a reflectance in a state where no external electric field is applied, and B represents a reflectance in a state where an external electric field is applied.
- the reflective liquid crystal device of the present application may exhibit a difference in reflectance of greater than about 40% depending on whether an external electric field is applied.
- the reflectance difference may be greater than 41%, greater than 42%, greater than 43%, greater than 44% or greater than 45%.
- Such a reflective liquid crystal device may switch the transmission mode and the blocking mode according to whether an external electric field is applied.
- the reflective liquid crystal device of the present application may maintain the blocking mode in a state where an external electric field is applied.
- blocking mode in the present application means a state in which the reflectance of the liquid crystal element is less than 30%.
- the reflective liquid crystal device may maintain a blocking mode that exhibits a reflectance of 25% or less while an external electric field is applied. In another example, the reflective liquid crystal device may maintain a blocking mode that exhibits a reflectance of 20% or less, 15% or less, 14% or less, or 13% or less while an external electric field is applied.
- the reflective liquid crystal device of the present application may also implement a transparent mode having a low haze value even when the blocking mode is implemented by application of an external electric field due to the arrangement of the liquid crystal compounds in the liquid crystal layers aligned in one direction.
- the reflective liquid crystal device of the present application may maintain the transparent mode in a state where an external electric field is applied.
- the term "transparent mode” means a state in which the haze of the liquid crystal element is less than 10%. That is, the reflective liquid crystal device may maintain a transparent mode in which haze is less than 10% in a state where an external electric field is applied.
- the reflective liquid crystal device of the present application may simultaneously implement a blocking mode having a reflectance of less than 30% and a transparent mode having a haze of less than 10% while an external electric field is applied.
- the reflective liquid crystal device of the present application is driven by the liquid crystal compound in the liquid crystal layer aligned in one direction, and can drive the transparent mode while being in the blocking mode even when an external electric field is applied.
- the liquid crystal compound 601 in the guest-host liquid crystal layer 600 of the reflective liquid crystal device of the present application has a pretilt angle of 70 ° to 90 ° when no electric field is applied. Is pretilt vertically aligned, and the dichroic dye 602 is aligned according to the alignment of the liquid crystal compound 601.
- the light 800 incident from the lower substrate side passes through the vertically aligned liquid crystal layer 600 in an unpolarized state, and the unpolarized light passing through the liquid crystal layer 600 is a quarter wavelength.
- the liquid crystal device may implement the transparent mode as a whole.
- the liquid crystal compound 601 in the liquid crystal layer 600 is horizontally oriented in the pretilt-oriented direction, and the dichroic dye 602 is the liquid crystal compound 601. It is oriented according to the orientation of.
- the light 801 parallel to the orientation direction of the dichroic dye 602 is absorbed among the light 800 incident from the lower substrate side, and the light 802 perpendicular to the orientation direction of the dichroic dye is a liquid crystal layer.
- the linearly polarized light passing through the liquid crystal layer 600 is circularly polarized by the quarter wave plate 700 and then reflected by the reflector plate 300 to become the circularly rotated circular light.
- the reversely rotated circularly polarized light passes through the quarter wave plate 700 again to become linearly polarized light in a direction parallel to the alignment direction of the dichroic dye 602, and is absorbed by the dichroic dye 602. Since light is not emitted, the reflective liquid crystal device may implement a blocking mode.
- a transmission mode may be generally implemented.
- the present application also relates to a mirror including the reflective liquid crystal device.
- the mirror may be used for, but not limited to, a side mirror that can replace an automobile room mirror or an ECM mirror.
- the present application can provide a reflective liquid crystal device of the normal transmission mode and its use to implement the transmission mode in the state that no external electric field is applied.
- the present application may also provide a reflective liquid crystal device capable of switching excellent light blocking properties to a blocking mode when the external electric field is used, and a use thereof.
- the present application may further provide a reflection type liquid crystal device having no haze characteristics and its use even when an external electric field is applied and a blocking mode is implemented.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a conventional reflective liquid crystal device.
- FIG. 2 and 3 is a schematic view of the liquid crystal device of the present application.
- liquid crystal compound HCM009, HCCH Co.
- a quarter wave plate having an optical axis of the liquid crystal compound in the liquid crystal layer horizontally aligned by application of an external electric field and an optical axis of an angle of about 45 ° is formed,
- the reflective plate was further positioned on the opposite side of the quarter-wave plate of the guest-host liquid crystal layer to produce the same reflective liquid crystal device A1 as the structure shown in FIG. 2.
- a reflective liquid crystal device A3 was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1 except that a reflective liquid crystal device having a structure as shown in FIG. 3 was manufactured.
- the reflective liquid crystal device B1 was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the reflective liquid crystal device having the structure without the quarter wave plate was formed.
- Reflective liquid crystal device in the same manner as in Example 1, except that a quarter wave plate having an optical axis of the liquid crystal compound in the liquid crystal layer horizontally aligned by application of an external electric field and an optical axis at an angle of about 20 ° was formed. (B2) was produced.
- the reflectances of the liquid crystal elements according to the examples and the comparative examples were measured when no electric field was applied and when an electric field was caused.
- the reflectance of the liquid crystal device according to the Examples and Comparative Examples compared to the reflectance of the reflector with respect to the D65 light source due to the electric field is not applied and due to the electric field Each case was measured and expressed as a percentage. At this time, the external electric field applied 30V.
- Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Comparative Example 1 Comparative Example 2 % Reflectance without electricity 60 69 62 53 60 Reflectance at electric field (%) 11 23 11 32 20
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Abstract
Description
실시예 1 | 실시예 2 | 실시예 3 | 비교예 1 | 비교예 2 | |
전기 비인가시 반사율(%) | 60 | 69 | 62 | 53 | 60 |
전계 인가 시 반사율(%) | 11 | 23 | 11 | 32 | 20 |
Claims (14)
- 액정 화합물 및 이색성 염료를 포함하는 게스트-호스트 액정층;상기 게스트-호스트 액정층의 어느 일면 또는 양면에 존재하는 프리틸트 수직 배향막; 및1/4파장판을 포함하는 반사형 액정 소자.
- 제 1항에 있어서,액정 화합물은 N형 네마틱 액정 화합물인 반사형 액정 소자.
- 제 1항에 있어서,게스트-호스트 액정층은 액정 화합물 100 중량부 대비 0.3 내지 3 중량부의 이색성 염료를 포함하는 반사형 액정 소자.
- 제 1항에 있어서,외부 전계가 인가되지 않은 상태에서, 게스트-호스트 액정층에 포함되는 액정 화합물의 프리틸트 각은 70° 내지 90°의 범위 내에 있는 반사형 액정 소자.
- 제 1항에 있어서,게스트-호스트 액정층은 3 ㎛ 내지 30㎛의 두께 범위를 가지는 반사형 액정 소자.
- 제 1항에 있어서,프리틸트 수직 배향막은 러빙 배향막 또는 광 배향막인 액정 소자.
- 제 1항에 있어서,1/4 파장판의 광축은 외부 전계의 인가에 의하여, 수평 배향되어 있는 게스트-호스트 액정층에 포함되는 액정 화합물의 광축과 40°내지 50°의 각도를 형성하는 반사형 액정 소자.
- 제 1항에 있어서,게스트-호스트 액정층의 어느 일면 또는 양면에 형성된 기재층을 추가로 포함하는 반사형 액정 소자.
- 제 1항에 있어서,게스트-호스트 액정층에 포함되는 액정 화합물의 배향을 변경시키는 한 쌍의 전극층을 추가로 포함하는 반사형 액정 소자.
- 제 1항에 있어서,반사판을 더 포함하고, 상기 반사판은 1/4 파장판의 게스트-호스트 액정층이 존재하는 면의 반대 면에 위치하는 반사형 액정 소자.
- 제 1항에 있어서,외부 전계가 인가되지 않는 상태에서, 30% 이상의 반사율을 나타내는 투과모드를 유지하는 반사형 액정 소자.
- 제 1항에 있어서,외부 전계가 인가되는 상태에서, 30% 미만의 반사율을 나타내는 차단 모드가 유지되는 반사형 액정 소자.
- 제 1항에 있어서,외부 전계가 인가되는 상태에서, 헤이즈가 10% 미만인 투명 모드를 구현하는 반사형 액정 소자.
- 제 1항의 반사형 액정 소자를 포함하는 미러.
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EP16773382.3A EP3276407A4 (en) | 2015-03-27 | 2016-03-28 | Reflective liquid crystal device and use thereof |
US15/558,883 US10473995B2 (en) | 2015-03-27 | 2016-03-28 | Reflective liquid crystal device and use thereof |
CN201680018635.1A CN107430308B (zh) | 2015-03-27 | 2016-03-28 | 反射型液晶装置及其用途 |
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KR102079143B1 (ko) * | 2017-09-29 | 2020-02-19 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 광학 소자 |
CN108169952B (zh) * | 2018-01-03 | 2021-01-26 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | 一种防眩后视镜及其控制方法 |
CN108319069A (zh) * | 2018-03-30 | 2018-07-24 | 惠州市华星光电技术有限公司 | 镜面显示装置 |
CN109143663B (zh) * | 2018-09-05 | 2021-09-24 | 上海天马微电子有限公司 | 一种液晶面板及3d打印机 |
KR102271846B1 (ko) * | 2019-03-07 | 2021-07-01 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 광변조 소자 |
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US10473995B2 (en) | 2019-11-12 |
KR20160115795A (ko) | 2016-10-06 |
EP3276407A4 (en) | 2018-08-22 |
KR101959470B1 (ko) | 2019-03-18 |
JP6699024B2 (ja) | 2020-05-27 |
CN107430308A (zh) | 2017-12-01 |
EP3276407A1 (en) | 2018-01-31 |
TW201702711A (zh) | 2017-01-16 |
JP2018509658A (ja) | 2018-04-05 |
CN107430308B (zh) | 2021-05-07 |
US20180067355A1 (en) | 2018-03-08 |
TWI589969B (zh) | 2017-07-01 |
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