WO2016155182A1 - 一种电致发光显示器件及显示装置 - Google Patents

一种电致发光显示器件及显示装置 Download PDF

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WO2016155182A1
WO2016155182A1 PCT/CN2015/086453 CN2015086453W WO2016155182A1 WO 2016155182 A1 WO2016155182 A1 WO 2016155182A1 CN 2015086453 W CN2015086453 W CN 2015086453W WO 2016155182 A1 WO2016155182 A1 WO 2016155182A1
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sub
luminescent material
material layer
pixel unit
display device
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PCT/CN2015/086453
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English (en)
French (fr)
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闫光
吴长晏
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京东方科技集团股份有限公司
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Priority to US14/913,334 priority Critical patent/US20170040388A1/en
Priority to EP15832674.4A priority patent/EP3279944B1/en
Publication of WO2016155182A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016155182A1/zh
Priority to US16/123,312 priority patent/US10872929B2/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
    • H10K59/30—Devices specially adapted for multicolour light emission
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
    • H10K50/10—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED]
    • H10K50/11—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED] characterised by the electroluminescent [EL] layers
    • H10K50/125—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED] characterised by the electroluminescent [EL] layers specially adapted for multicolour light emission, e.g. for emitting white light
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
    • H10K50/80—Constructional details
    • H10K50/85—Arrangements for extracting light from the devices
    • H10K50/852—Arrangements for extracting light from the devices comprising a resonant cavity structure, e.g. Bragg reflector pair
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
    • H10K59/30—Devices specially adapted for multicolour light emission
    • H10K59/35—Devices specially adapted for multicolour light emission comprising red-green-blue [RGB] subpixels
    • H10K59/351—Devices specially adapted for multicolour light emission comprising red-green-blue [RGB] subpixels comprising more than three subpixels, e.g. red-green-blue-white [RGBW]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K71/00—Manufacture or treatment specially adapted for the organic devices covered by this subclass
    • H10K71/10—Deposition of organic active material
    • H10K71/16—Deposition of organic active material using physical vapour deposition [PVD], e.g. vacuum deposition or sputtering
    • H10K71/164—Deposition of organic active material using physical vapour deposition [PVD], e.g. vacuum deposition or sputtering using vacuum deposition
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K71/00—Manufacture or treatment specially adapted for the organic devices covered by this subclass
    • H10K71/10—Deposition of organic active material
    • H10K71/16—Deposition of organic active material using physical vapour deposition [PVD], e.g. vacuum deposition or sputtering
    • H10K71/166—Deposition of organic active material using physical vapour deposition [PVD], e.g. vacuum deposition or sputtering using selective deposition, e.g. using a mask
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
    • H10K59/80—Constructional details
    • H10K59/805—Electrodes
    • H10K59/8051—Anodes
    • H10K59/80518—Reflective anodes, e.g. ITO combined with thick metallic layers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
    • H10K59/80—Constructional details
    • H10K59/875—Arrangements for extracting light from the devices
    • H10K59/876—Arrangements for extracting light from the devices comprising a resonant cavity structure, e.g. Bragg reflector pair

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of display technologies, and more particularly to an electroluminescent display device and a display device.
  • OLEDs organic electroluminescence display devices
  • the full color display of the OLED display device generally includes a red (R) green (G) blue (B) sub-pixel independent light emitting or a white light OLED combined with a color filter.
  • red, green and blue (RGB) sub-pixel independent illumination is the most widely used color mode of OLED display devices, which utilizes organic light-emitting materials in RGB sub-pixels to emit light independently.
  • the basic structure of an OLED display device that independently emits light by using an organic light-emitting material in an RGB sub-pixel includes: a substrate 001, an anode 002, a light-emitting layer 003, and a cathode 004, which are sequentially disposed on the base substrate 001,
  • the light-emitting layer 003 is composed of a red organic light-emitting material, a green organic light-emitting material and a blue organic light-emitting material which are arranged in parallel and cyclically.
  • the light-emitting principle is that when the voltage is respectively applied to the anode 002 and the cathode 004 to form a current, the cathode 004 is The electrons and the holes in the anode 002 are combined to form excitons in the light-emitting layer 003, and the organic light-emitting material in the light-emitting layer 003 is excited to emit light.
  • the high-precision metal mask (FMM) technology is mainly used in the process of preparing the light-emitting layer 003, that is, an organic one in the evaporation RGB.
  • the shielding effect of the occlusion region of the reticle is used to shield the other two sub-pixels, and then the other two organic luminescent materials are evaporated by using the high-precision alignment system moving mask or the substrate.
  • the resolution of the OLED produced in this manner is limited by the size of the evaporation mask.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides an electroluminescent display device and a display device.
  • the resolution of the display device can be improved.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides an electroluminescent display device including a substrate, a plurality of pixel units arranged in an array on the substrate, each of the pixel units being composed of at least four sub-pixels a pixel unit; each of the pixel units includes: at least three layers of luminescent materials;
  • Each of the luminescent material layers covers at least two adjacent sub-pixel units; only one of the luminescent material layers in each of the sub-pixel units emits light.
  • the illuminating colors of each of the sub-pixel units in the same pixel unit are different.
  • each of the sub-pixel units includes a first electrode sequentially disposed on the substrate, at least one a layer of luminescent material, and a second electrode;
  • the first electrode specifically includes: a reflective layer disposed on the base substrate, and a transparent electrode disposed above the reflective layer;
  • the length of the microcavity is a length from a side of the reflective layer away from the substrate substrate to a side of the second electrode away from the substrate.
  • the microcavity lengths of the sub-pixel units are different.
  • each of the pixel units is composed of four of the sub-pixel units;
  • Each of the pixel units specifically includes: a first luminescent material layer covering the second sub-pixel unit and the third sub-pixel unit, and a second luminescent material covering the first sub-pixel unit and the second sub-pixel unit Layer; and covering the third sub-pixel unit and the fourth sub-pixel a third luminescent material layer of the cell; wherein only the first luminescent material layer emits light in the second of the sub-pixel units and the third sub-pixel unit.
  • the second luminescent material layer and the third luminescent material layer are both located in the first illuminating Above or both of the material layers are below the first luminescent material layer;
  • a carrier or an exciton blocking layer is disposed between the second luminescent material layer and the overlapping portion of the third luminescent material layer and the first luminescent material layer.
  • each of the pixel units further includes: an empty space disposed between the first electrode and the luminescent material layer Hole transport layer; and/or,
  • An electron transport layer disposed between the second electrode and the luminescent material layer.
  • An embodiment of the present invention further provides a display device comprising the above electroluminescent display device provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • An electroluminescent display device and a display device comprise a substrate, a plurality of pixel units arranged in an array on the substrate, each pixel unit being composed of at least four sub-pixel units;
  • Each pixel unit includes: at least three luminescent material layers; wherein each luminescent material layer covers at least two adjacent sub-pixel units; and only one luminescent material layer of each sub-pixel unit emits light. Since each luminescent material layer covers at least two adjacent sub-pixel units, when the luminescent material layer is evaporated by an evaporation process, the sub-pixel unit can be further reduced without changing the size of the reticle. Conducive to improve the resolution of the display device.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an electroluminescent display device in the prior art
  • FIGS. 2a to 2f are schematic structural views of an electroluminescent display device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 3a to 3f are respectively schematic structural views of the method of fabricating the electroluminescent display device shown in FIG. 2g after each step is performed.
  • each film layer in the drawings do not reflect the true proportion of the electroluminescent display device, and the purpose is only to illustrate the contents of the present invention.
  • An embodiment of the present invention provides an electroluminescent display device, as shown in FIGS. 2a to 2c, including a substrate substrate 100, a plurality of pixel units arranged in an array on the substrate substrate 100, each pixel unit Comprising at least four sub-pixel units; each pixel unit includes: at least three luminescent material layers 300;
  • Each luminescent material layer 300 covers at least two adjacent sub-pixel units; only one luminescent material layer 300 in each sub-pixel unit illuminates.
  • each luminescent material layer covers at least two adjacent sub-pixel units, when the luminescent material layer is evaporated by an evaporation process, the reticle is not changed.
  • the sub-pixel unit can be made smaller, which in turn helps to improve the resolution of the display device.
  • each pixel unit is composed of four sub-pixel units, and each pixel unit includes three layers of luminescent materials, which are respectively a first luminescent material layer 301 and a second illuminating layer.
  • the material layer 302, the third luminescent material layer 303, each luminescent material layer covers two adjacent sub-pixel units, and the difference between FIG. 2a and FIG. 2b is that the three luminescent material layers are arranged differently; as shown in FIG.
  • Each pixel unit is composed of five sub-pixel units, and each pixel unit includes three layers of luminescent materials, which are a first luminescent material layer 301, a second luminescent material layer 302, and a third luminescent material layer 303, wherein The first luminescent material layer 301 covers three adjacent sub-pixel units, and the second luminescent material layer 302 and the third luminescent material layer 303 respectively cover the two leftmost adjacent sub-pixel units or the rightmost adjacent Two sub-pixel units.
  • a schematic structural diagram of three electroluminescent display devices is briefly described. It should be noted that the electroluminescent display device provided by one embodiment of the present invention may be other structures as long as the above conditions are satisfied, and is not limited to the present invention. The structure of the electroluminescent display device referred to in the drawings.
  • the materials of the luminescent material layers in the same pixel unit may be different, and due to the material itself The properties are different, and the arrangement of the microcavity length can play a decisive role in the illuminating color of each sub-pixel unit, and the illuminating colors of the sub-pixel units in the same pixel unit can be different.
  • the materials of the luminescent material layers in the same pixel unit may be different, and due to the material itself The properties are different, and the arrangement of the microcavity length can play a decisive role in the illuminating color of each sub-pixel unit, and the illuminating colors of the sub-pixel units in the same pixel unit can be different.
  • the material of the first luminescent material layer 301 may be a yellow organic luminescent material, and the materials of the second luminescent material layer 302 and the third luminescent material layer 303 may be dark blue, respectively.
  • the light-emitting color of each sub-pixel unit can be dark blue, green, red, light blue from left to right, thus realizing a four-pixel type OLED display device;
  • the material of the first luminescent material layer 301 may be a yellow organic luminescent material
  • the materials of the second luminescent material layer 302 and the third luminescent material layer 303 may be dark blue organic luminescent materials or shallow
  • the blue organic light-emitting material, the light-emitting color of each sub-pixel unit can be dark blue, green, yellow, red, light blue from left to right, thus realizing a five-pixel type OLED display device.
  • the four-pixel type OLED display device and the five-pixel type OLED display device realized by the invention have the unique advantages of long life, low power consumption, high color gamut and the like compared with the three-pixel type OLED display device.
  • each sub-pixel unit includes a first electrode 200 sequentially disposed on the base substrate 100, At least one luminescent material layer 300, and a second electrode 400; wherein, the first electrode 200 specifically includes: a reflective layer 201 disposed on the base substrate 100, and a transparent electrode 202 located above the reflective layer 201.
  • the luminescent material layer is directly formed on the pattern of the transparent electrode, and therefore, there is no gap between the transparent electrode and the luminescent material layer, for example,
  • the second luminescent material layer 302 is directly formed on the transparent electrode 202. After the evaporation process is completed, the second luminescent material layer 302 and the transparent electrode 202 should be No gaps.
  • the microcavity length of at least one sub-pixel unit and the microcavity length of other sub-pixel units may be set to
  • the microcavity length referred to herein is specifically the length from the side of the reflective layer 201 away from the base substrate 100 to the side of the second electrode 400 away from the base substrate 100.
  • the illuminating colors of at least two sub-pixel units covered may be different. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 2a, when the first luminescent material layer 301 is used for illumination, and the second sub-pixel unit and the third sub-pixel unit covered by the first luminescent material layer 301 are not long. At the same time, the second sub-pixel unit The illuminating color of the third sub-pixel unit may be different. It should be noted that the microcavity lengths of the first sub-pixel unit and the fourth sub-pixel unit may be the same or different, and are not limited herein. When the microcavity lengths of one sub-pixel unit and the fourth sub-pixel unit are the same, the color of the first sub-pixel unit and the fourth sub-pixel unit to emit light will be determined by the color of the organic light-emitting material itself.
  • the microcavity lengths of the sub-pixel units can all be set to be different.
  • each sub-pixel unit since the thickness of the transparent electrode determines the length of the microcavity, in order to be in the same pixel unit, each sub-pixel unit The microcavity lengths are different, and the microcavity length is adjusted by the thickness of the transparent electrode. In the same pixel unit, the thickness of the transparent electrode 202 corresponding to each sub-pixel unit can be set to be different.
  • each pixel unit is composed of four sub-pixel units; each pixel unit specifically includes: covering a second sub- a first luminescent material layer 301 of the pixel unit and the third sub-pixel unit, covering the second luminescent material layer 302 of the first sub-pixel unit and the second sub-pixel unit; and covering the third sub-pixel unit and A third luminescent material layer 303 of the fourth sub-pixel unit; wherein only the first luminescent material layer 301 of the second sub-pixel unit and the third sub-pixel unit can emit light.
  • the second luminescent material layer 302 and the third luminescent material layer 303 may both be located in the first luminescent material layer. Above 301; or, the second luminescent material layer 302 and the third luminescent material layer 303 may also be located under the first luminescent material layer 301; it should be noted that the second luminescent material layer 302 and the third The positional relationship between the luminescent material layer 303 and the first luminescent material layer 301 may also be other positional relationships, as shown in FIG. 2b, the second luminescent material layer 302, the first luminescent material layer 301 and the third luminescent material. Layers 303 are superposed on each other. There may be a plurality of arrangements for each luminescent material layer, which may be selected according to specific conditions, and is not limited herein.
  • a carrier or exciton blocking layer is disposed between the second luminescent material layer 302 and the third luminescent material layer 303 and the first luminescent material layer 301. 500, this can block the transport of holes into the second luminescent material layer 302 and the third luminescent material layer 303, and electrons can pass through the carrier or exciton blocking layer 500 and be transferred to the first luminescent material layer 301. Further, electrons and holes remaining in the first luminescent material layer 301 form excitons, and the first luminescent material layer 301 is excited to emit light. It should be noted that the first luminescent material layer 301 in FIG.
  • the second luminescent material layer 302 and the third luminescent material layer 303 are disposed under the second luminescent material layer 302 and the third luminescent material layer 303; similarly, as shown in FIG. 2e, the first luminescent material layer 301 may also be used.
  • the luminescent material layer 301 is disposed above the second luminescent material layer 302 and the third luminescent material layer 303 belonging to the same film layer, and the exciton blocking layer blocks electron transfer to the second luminescent material layer 302 and In the third luminescent material layer 303, holes may pass through the carrier or exciton blocking layer 500, and are transported into the first luminescent material layer 301, thereby forming holes and remaining in the first luminescent material layer 301.
  • the electrons form excitons, and the first luminescent material layer 301 is excited to emit light. Both of these settings are applicable and are not limited herein.
  • the second sub-pixel unit and the third sub-pixel unit emit light in combination with the arrangement of the microcavity length.
  • the colors can be green and red, respectively.
  • each pixel unit can emit four types.
  • the color of the light is dark blue, green, red, and light blue, respectively, to realize a four-pixel type OLED display device; when the material of the second luminescent material layer 302 and the material of the third luminescent material layer 303 are respectively blue organic The luminescent material or the green organic luminescent material, so that each pixel unit can emit three colors of light, respectively blue, green, and red, to realize a three-pixel type OLED display device.
  • each pixel unit in order to effectively improve the luminous efficiency of the display device, further includes: disposed at the first electrode 200 and emitting light A hole transport layer 600 between the material layers 300; and/or an electron transport layer 700 disposed between the second electrode 400 and the luminescent material layer 300.
  • the reflective layer 201 and the transparent electrode 202 are sequentially formed on the base substrate 100 by a patterning process; wherein the thickness of the transparent electrode 202 corresponding to the four sub-pixel units is different in the same pixel unit;
  • a hole transport layer 600 is formed on the base substrate 100 on which the transparent electrode 202 is formed by a patterning process
  • a first luminescent material layer 301 is formed on the hole-transporting layer 600 by a patterning process; wherein the first luminescent material layer covers the second sub-pixel unit and the third sub-pixel unit ;
  • an exciton blocking layer 500 is formed on the first luminescent material layer 301 by a patterning process; wherein the pattern of the exciton blocking layer 500 is the same as the pattern of the first luminescent material layer 301;
  • a second luminescent material layer 302 and a third luminescent material layer 303 are formed on the exciton blocking layer 500 by an evaporation process; wherein the second luminescent material layer 302 covers the first sub- a pixel unit and a second sub-pixel unit, the third luminescent material layer 303 covering the third sub-pixel unit and the fourth sub-pixel unit;
  • an electron transport layer 700 and a cathode 400 are sequentially formed on the second luminescent material layer 302 and the third luminescent material layer 303 by a patterning process.
  • the above electroluminescent display device provided by the embodiment of the present invention has been produced through the above steps 1 to 6 provided by the specific examples.
  • an embodiment of the present invention further provides a display device, including the above-mentioned electroluminescent display device provided by an embodiment of the present invention, which may be: a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a television, a display, a notebook. Any product or component that has a display function, such as a computer, digital photo frame, and navigator. Other indispensable components of the display device are understood by those skilled in the art, and are not described herein, nor should they be construed as limiting the invention. For the implementation of the display device, reference may be made to the embodiment of the above electroluminescent display device, and the repeated description is omitted.
  • An electroluminescent display device and a display device comprise a substrate, a plurality of pixel units arranged in an array on the substrate, each pixel unit being composed of at least four sub-pixel units;
  • Each pixel unit includes: at least three layers of luminescent materials; Wherein each luminescent material layer covers at least two adjacent sub-pixel units; only one luminescent material layer of each sub-pixel unit emits light. Since each luminescent material layer covers at least two adjacent sub-pixel units, when the luminescent material layer is evaporated by an evaporation process, the sub-pixel unit can be further reduced without changing the size of the reticle. Conducive to improve the resolution of the display device.

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  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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  • Electroluminescent Light Sources (AREA)
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Abstract

一种电致发光显示器件及显示装置。电致发光显示器件包括衬底基板（100），位于衬底基板上呈阵列排布的多个像素单元，每个像素单元由至少四个亚像素单元组成；各像素单元包括：至少三个发光材料层（301、302、303）；其中，每个发光材料层至少覆盖相邻的两个亚像素单元；每个亚像素单元中仅有一个发光材料层发光。由于每个发光材料层至少覆盖相邻的两个亚像素单元，在采用蒸镀工艺蒸镀发光材料层时，在不改变蒸镀掩膜板大小的情况下，可以实现亚像素单元更小化，进而利于提高显示器件的分辨率。

Description

一种电致发光显示器件及显示装置 技术领域
本发明涉及显示技术领域，尤指一种电致发光显示器件及显示装置。
背景技术
目前，有机电致发光显示器件(Organic Electroluminesecent Display，OLED)凭借其低功耗、高色饱和度、广视角、薄厚度、能实现柔性化等优异性能，已经逐渐成为显示领域的主流。
OLED显示器件的全彩显示一般包括红(R)绿(G)蓝(B)子像素独立发光或白光OLED结合彩色滤光片等方式。其中，红绿蓝(RGB)子像素独立发光是目前OLED显示器件采用最多的彩色模式，其是利用RGB子像素中的有机发光材料独立发光。
如图1所示，利用RGB子像素中的有机发光材料独立发光的OLED显示器件的基本结构包括：衬底基板001，依次设置在衬底基板001上的阳极002、发光层003和阴极004，其中发光层003由并行且循环排布的红色有机发光材料、绿色有机发光材料和蓝色有机发光材料组成，其发光原理为在分别对阳极002和阴极004通电压以形成电流时，阴极004中的电子和阳极002中的空穴会在发光层003复合形成激子，激发发光层003中有机发光材料进行发光。当OLED显示器件的RGB子像素采用并置像素排列方式时，在制备发光层003的过程中主要采用高精度金属掩膜板(Fine Metal Mask，FMM)技术，即在蒸镀RGB中一种有机发光材料时，利用掩膜板的遮挡区域的屏蔽作用将另外两个子像素遮蔽，然后利用高精度对位系统移动掩膜板或衬底基板蒸镀另外两种有机发光材料。但是这种方式制作的OLED的分辨率受制于蒸镀掩膜板尺寸的大小。
因此，如何采用新的结构设计可以在不改变掩膜板大小的情况下，进一步提高OLED的分辨率，是本领域技术人员亟需解决的技术问题。
发明内容
有鉴于此，本发明实施例提供一种电致发光显示器件及显示装置， 可以提高显示器件的分辨率。
因此，本发明一个实施例提供了一种电致发光显示器件，包括衬底基板，位于所述衬底基板上呈阵列排布的多个像素单元，每个所述像素单元由至少四个亚像素单元组成；各所述像素单元包括：至少三个发光材料层；其中，
每个所述发光材料层至少覆盖相邻的两个所述亚像素单元；每个所述亚像素单元中仅有一个所述发光材料层发光。
在一种可能的实现方式中，在本发明一个实施例提供的上述电致发光显示器件中，同一所述像素单元中各所述发光材料层的材料均不同；
同一所述像素单元中各所述亚像素单元的发光颜色均不同。
在一种可能的实现方式中，在本发明一个实施例提供的上述电致发光显示器件中，每个所述亚像素单元包括依次设置在所述衬底基板上的第一电极，至少一个所述发光材料层，以及第二电极；其中，
所述第一电极具体包括：设置在所述衬底基板上的反射层，和位于所述反射层之上的透明电极；
在一种可能的实现方式中，在本发明一个实施例提供的上述电致发光显示器件中，在同一所述像素单元中，至少一个所述亚像素单元的微腔腔长与其它所述亚像素单元的微腔腔长不同，所述微腔腔长为从所述反射层远离衬底基板的一侧到所述第二电极远离衬底基板的一侧的长度。
在一种可能的实现方式中，在本发明一个实施例提供的上述电致发光显示器件中，在同一所述像素单元中，各所述亚像素单元的微腔腔长均不同。
在一种可能的实现方式中，在本发明一个实施例提供的上述电致发光显示器件中，在同一所述像素单元中，各所述亚像素单元对应的所述透明电极的厚度均不同。
在一种可能的实现方式中，在本发明一个实施例提供的上述电致发光显示器件中，每个所述像素单元由四个所述亚像素单元组成；
各所述像素单元具体包括：覆盖第二个亚像素单元和第三个亚像素单元的第一个发光材料层，覆盖第一个亚像素单元和第二个亚像素单元的第二个发光材料层；和覆盖第三个亚像素单元和第四个亚像素 单元的第三个发光材料层；其中，在所述第二个所述亚像素单元和所述第三个亚像素单元中仅所述第一个发光材料层发光。
在一种可能的实现方式中，在本发明一个实施例提供的上述电致发光显示器件中，所述第二个发光材料层和所述第三个发光材料层均位于所述第一个发光材料层之上或均位于所述第一个发光材料层之下；
所述第二个发光材料层和所述第三个发光材料层与所述第一个发光材料层重叠部分之间设置有载流子或者激子阻挡层。
在一种可能的实现方式中，在本发明一个实施例提供的上述电致发光显示器件中，各所述像素单元还包括：设置在所述第一电极与所述发光材料层之间的空穴传输层；和/或，
设置在所述第二电极与所述发光材料层之间的电子传输层。
本发明一个实施例还提供了一种显示装置，包括本发明一个实施例提供的上述电致发光显示器件。
本发明实施例的有益效果包括：
本发明实施例提供的一种电致发光显示器件及显示装置，包括衬底基板，位于衬底基板上呈阵列排布的多个像素单元，每个像素单元由至少四个亚像素单元组成；各像素单元包括：至少三个发光材料层；其中，每个发光材料层至少覆盖相邻的两个亚像素单元；每个亚像素单元中仅有一个发光材料层发光。由于每个发光材料层至少覆盖相邻的两个亚像素单元，在采用蒸镀工艺蒸镀发光材料层时，在不改变掩膜板大小的情况下，可以实现亚像素单元更小化，进而利于提高显示器件的分辨率。
附图说明
图1为现有技术中电致发光显示器件的结构示意图；
图2a至图2f分别为本发明实施例提供的电致发光显示器件的结构示意图；
图3a至图3f分别为图2g所示的电致发光显示器件的制作方法在各步骤执行后的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图，对本发明实施例提供的电致发光显示器件及显示装置的具体实施方式进行详细地说明。
其中，附图中各膜层的厚度和形状不反映电致发光显示器件的真实比例，目的只是示意说明本发明内容。
本发明一个实施例提供了一种电致发光显示器件，如图2a至图2c所示，包括衬底基板100，位于衬底基板100上呈阵列排布的多个像素单元，每个像素单元由至少四个亚像素单元组成；各像素单元包括：至少三个发光材料层300；其中，
每个发光材料层300至少覆盖相邻的两个亚像素单元；每个亚像素单元中仅有一个发光材料层300发光。
在本发明一个实施例提供的上述电致发光显示器件，由于每个发光材料层至少覆盖相邻的两个亚像素单元，在采用蒸镀工艺蒸镀发光材料层时，在不改变掩膜板大小的情况下，可以实现亚像素单元更小化，进而利于提高显示器件的分辨率。
具体地，举例说明，如图2a和2b所示，每个像素单元由四个亚像素单元组成，各像素单元包括三个发光材料层，分别为第一个发光材料层301、第二个发光材料层302、第三个发光材料层303，每个发光材料层覆盖相邻的两个亚像素单元，图2a和图2b的区别在于三个发光材料层的排列方式不同；如图2c所示，每个像素单元由五个亚像素单元组成，各像素单元包括三个发光材料层，分别为第一个发光材料层301、第二个发光材料层302、第三个发光材料层303，其中第一个发光材料层301覆盖中间相邻的三个亚像素单元，第二个发光材料层302和第三个发光材料层303分别覆盖最左边相邻的两个亚像素单元或最右边相邻的两个亚像素单元。在此，简单列举了三个上述电致发光显示器件的结构示意图，需要说明的是，本发明一个实施例提供的电致发光显示器件只要满足上述条件，还可以是其他结构，不限于本发明附图中涉及到的电致发光显示器件的结构。
在具体实施时，在本发明一个实施例提供的上述电致发光显示器件中，为了能够提高显示器件的色域，同一像素单元中各发光材料层的材料可以均不同，并且，由于材料本身的性质不同，并且，结合微腔腔长的设置可以对各亚像素单元的发光颜色起决定性的作用，同一像素单元中各亚像素单元的发光颜色可以均不同。具体地，举例说明， 如图2a和2b所示，同一像素单元中，第一个发光材料层301的材料可以为黄色有机发光材料，第二个发光材料层302和第三个发光材料层303的材料分别可以为深蓝色有机发光材料或浅蓝色有机发光材料，各亚像素单元的发光颜色从左到右可以分别为深蓝色、绿色、红色、浅蓝色，这样实现了四像素型OLED显示器件；如图2c所示，同一像素中，第一个发光材料层301的材料可以为黄色有机发光材料，第二个发光材料层302和第三个发光材料层303的材料分别可以为深蓝色有机发光材料或浅蓝色有机发光材料，各亚像素单元的发光颜色从左到右可以分别为深蓝色、绿色、黄色、红色、浅蓝色，这样实现了五像素型OLED显示器件。本发明实现的四像素型OLED显示器件和五像素型OLED显示器件相较于三像素型OLED显示器件有着长寿命、低功耗、高色域等特有的优势。
在具体实施时，在本发明一个实施例提供的上述电致发光显示器件中，如图2a至图2c所示，每个亚像素单元包括依次设置在衬底基板100上的第一电极200，至少一个发光材料层300，以及第二电极400；其中，第一电极200具体包括：设置在衬底基板100上的反射层201，和位于反射层201之上的透明电极202。需要说明的是，本发明附图只是示意性地说明，在制作工艺中，发光材料层是直接形成在透明电极的图形上，因此，透明电极和发光材料层之间是没有空隙的，具体举例说明，如图2a所示，在蒸镀工艺中，第二个发光材料层302直接形成在透明电极202上，完成蒸镀工艺后，第二个发光材料层302与透明电极202之间应该是没有空隙的。
在具体实施时，在本发明一个实施例提供的上述电致发光显示器件中，在同一像素单元中，至少一个亚像素单元的微腔腔长与其它亚像素单元的微腔腔长可以设置为不同；这里所指的微腔腔长具体为从反射层201远离衬底基板100的一侧到第二电极400远离衬底基板100的一侧的长度。通过对各亚像素单元的微腔腔长的调整，由于微腔腔长越长，出射光的波长越大，当采用同一发光材料层发光，且该发光材料层覆盖的至少两个亚像素单元的微腔腔长不同时，覆盖的至少两个亚像素单元的发光颜色会不同。具体地，如图2a所示，当采用第一个发光材料层301发光，且该第一个发光材料层301覆盖的第二个亚像素单元和第三个亚像素单元的微腔腔长不同时，第二个亚像素单元 和第三个亚像素单元的发光颜色会不同，需要说明的是，第一个亚像素单元和第四个亚像素单元的微腔腔长可以相同，也可以不同，在此不作限定，当第一个亚像素单元和第四个亚像素单元的微腔腔长相同时，第一个亚像素单元和第四个亚像素单元发光的颜色将由有机发光材料本身的颜色来决定。
在具体实施时，在本发明一个实施例提供的上述电致发光显示器件中，为了进一步保证在同一像素单元中，各亚像素单元的发光颜色均不同，具体地，在同一像素单元中，各亚像素单元的微腔腔长可以均设置为不同的。
在具体实施时，在本发明一个实施例提供的上述电致发光显示器件中，如图2a所示，由于透明电极的厚度决定着微腔腔长，为了在同一像素单元中，各亚像素单元的微腔腔长均不同，通过透明电极的厚度来调整微腔腔长，在同一像素单元中，各亚像素单元对应的透明电极202的厚度可以均设置为不同的。
在具体实施时，在本发明一个实施例提供的上述电致发光显示器件中，如图2a所示，每个像素单元由四个亚像素单元组成；各像素单元具体包括：覆盖第二个亚像素单元和第三个亚像素单元的第一个发光材料层301，覆盖第一个亚像素单元和第二个亚像素单元的第二个发光材料层302；和覆盖第三个亚像素单元和第四个亚像素单元的第三个发光材料层303；其中，在第二个亚像素单元和第三个亚像素单元中仅第一个发光材料层301可以发光。
在具体实施时，在本发明实施例提供的上述电致发光显示器件中，如图2a所示，第二个发光材料层302和第三个发光材料层303可以均位于第一个发光材料层301之上；或者，第二个发光材料层302和第三个发光材料层303也可以均位于第一个发光材料层301之下；需要说明的是，第二个发光材料层302和第三个发光材料层303与第一个发光材料层301的位置关系也可以是其他位置关系，如图2b所示，第二个发光材料层302、第一个发光材料层301和第三个发光材料层303是相互叠加组成。对于每个发光材料层的排列方式可以有多种，可以根据具体情况进行选择，在此不作限定。
具体地，如图2d所示，第二个发光材料层302和第三个发光材料层303与第一个发光材料层301之间设置有载流子或者激子阻挡层 500，这样可以阻挡空穴传输到第二个发光材料层302和第三个发光材料层303中，而电子可以穿过载流子或者激子阻挡层500，传输到第一个发光材料层301中，进而电子和停留在第一个发光材料层301中的空穴形成激子，激发第一个发光材料层301进行发光。需要说明的是，图2e中的第一个发光材料层301设置在第二个发光材料层302和第三个发光材料层303的下方；同理，如图2e所示，也可以将第一个发光材料层301设置在属于同一膜层的第二个发光材料层302和第三个发光材料层303的上方，此时激子阻挡层阻挡的是电子传输到第二个发光材料层302和第三个发光材料层303中，而空穴可以穿过载流子或者激子阻挡层500，传输到第一个发光材料层301中，进而空穴和停留在第一个发光材料层301中的电子形成激子，激发第一个发光材料层301进行发光。这两种设置方式都适用，在此不作限定。
具体地，如图2d和2e所示，当第一个发光材料层301的材料为黄色有机发光材料时，结合微腔腔长的设置，第二个亚像素单元和第三个亚像素单元发光颜色可以分别为绿色和红色。需要说明的是，当第二个发光材料层302的材料和第三个发光材料层303的材料分别为深蓝色有机发光材料或浅蓝色有机发光材料，这样会使各像素单元可以发出四种颜色的光，分别为深蓝色、绿色、红色、浅蓝色，实现四像素型OLED显示器件；当第二个发光材料层302的材料和第三个发光材料层303的材料分别为蓝色有机发光材料或绿色有机发光材料，这样会使各像素单元可以发出三种颜色的光，分别为蓝色、绿色、红色，实现三像素型OLED显示器件。
在具体实施时，在本发明一个实施例提供的上述电致发光显示器件中，如图2f所示，为了有效提高显示器件的发光效率，各像素单元还包括：设置在第一电极200与发光材料层300之间的空穴传输层600；和/或，设置在第二电极400与发光材料层300之间的电子传输层700。
下面以一个具体的实例详细的说明本发明一个实施例提供的电致发光显示器件的制作方法，具体步骤如下：
1、在衬底基板上依次形成反射层和透明电极；
具体地，如图3a所示，通过构图工艺在衬底基板100上依次形成反射层201和透明电极202；其中同一像素单元中，四个亚像素单元对应的透明电极202的厚度均不同；
2、在形成有透明电极的衬底基板上形成空穴传输层；
具体地，如图3b所示，通过构图工艺在形成有透明电极202的衬底基板100上形成空穴传输层600；
3、在形成空穴传输层上形成第一个发光材料层；
具体地，如图3c所示，通过构图工艺在形成空穴传输层600上形成第一个发光材料层301；其中第一个发光材料层覆盖第二个亚像素单元和第三个亚像素单元；
4、在第一个发光材料层上形成激子阻挡层；
具体地，如图3d所示，通过构图工艺在第一个发光材料层301上形成激子阻挡层500；其中激子阻挡层500的图形与第一个发光材料层301的图形相同；
5、在激子阻挡层上形成第二个发光材料层和第三个发光材料层；
具体地，如图3e所示，通过蒸镀工艺在激子阻挡层500上形成第二个发光材料层302和第三个发光材料层303；其中第二个发光材料层302覆盖第一个亚像素单元和第二个亚像素单元，第三个发光材料层303覆盖第三个亚像素单元和第四个亚像素单元；
6、在第二个发光材料层和第三个发光材料层上依次形成电子传输层和阴极；
具体地，如图3f所示，通过构图工艺在第二个发光材料层302和第三个发光材料层303上依次形成电子传输层700和阴极400。
至此，经过具体实例提供的上述步骤1至6制作出了本发明实施例提供的上述电致发光显示器件。
基于同一发明构思，本发明一个实施例还提供了一种显示装置，包括本发明一个实施例提供的上述电致发光显示器件，该显示装置可以为：手机、平板电脑、电视机、显示器、笔记本电脑、数码相框、导航仪等任何具有显示功能的产品或部件。对于该显示装置的其它必不可少的组成部分均为本领域的普通技术人员应该理解具有的，在此不做赘述，也不应作为对本发明的限制。该显示装置的实施可以参见上述电致发光显示器件的实施例，重复之处不再赘述。
本发明实施例提供的一种电致发光显示器件及显示装置，包括衬底基板，位于衬底基板上呈阵列排布的多个像素单元，每个像素单元由至少四个亚像素单元组成；各像素单元包括：至少三个发光材料层； 其中，每个发光材料层至少覆盖相邻的两个亚像素单元；每个亚像素单元中仅有一个发光材料层发光。由于每个发光材料层至少覆盖相邻的两个亚像素单元，在采用蒸镀工艺蒸镀发光材料层时，在不改变掩膜板大小的情况下，可以实现亚像素单元更小化，进而利于提高显示器件的分辨率。
显然，本领域的技术人员可以对本发明进行各种改动和变型而不脱离本发明的精神和范围。这样，倘若本发明的这些修改和变型属于本发明权利要求及其等同技术的范围之内，则本发明也意图包含这些改动和变型在内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种电致发光显示器件，其特征在于，包括衬底基板，位于所述衬底基板上呈阵列排布的多个像素单元，每个所述像素单元由至少四个亚像素单元组成；各所述像素单元包括：至少三个发光材料层；其中，
    每个所述发光材料层至少覆盖相邻的两个所述亚像素单元；每个所述亚像素单元中仅有一个所述发光材料层发光。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的电致发光显示器件，其特征在于，同一所述像素单元中各所述发光材料层的材料均不同；
    同一所述像素单元中各所述亚像素单元的发光颜色均不同。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的电致发光显示器件，其特征在于，每个所述亚像素单元包括依次设置在所述衬底基板上的第一电极，至少一个所述发光材料层，以及第二电极；其中，
    所述第一电极具体包括：设置在所述衬底基板上的反射层，和位于所述反射层之上的透明电极。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的电致发光显示器件，其特征在于，在同一所述像素单元中，至少一个所述亚像素单元的微腔腔长与其它所述亚像素单元的微腔腔长不同，所述微腔腔长为从所述反射层远离衬底基板的一侧到所述第二电极远离衬底基板的一侧的长度。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的电致发光显示器件，其特征在于，在同一所述像素单元中，各所述亚像素单元的微腔腔长均不同。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的电致发光显示器件，其特征在于，在同一所述像素单元中，各所述亚像素单元对应的所述透明电极的厚度均不同。
  7. 如权利要求1-6任一项所述的电致发光显示器件，其特征在于，每个所述像素单元由四个所述亚像素单元组成；
    各所述像素单元具体包括：覆盖第二个亚像素单元和第三个亚像素单元的第一个发光材料层，覆盖第一个亚像素单元和第二个亚像素单元的第二个发光材料层；和覆盖第三个亚像素单元和第四个亚像素单元的第三个发光材料层；其中，在所述第二个所述亚像素单元和所述第三个亚像素单元中仅所述第一个发光材料层发光。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的电致发光显示器件，其特征在于，所述第二个发光材料层和所述第三个发光材料层均位于所述第一个发光材料层之上或均位于所述第一个发光材料层之下；
    所述第二个发光材料层和所述第三个发光材料层与所述第一个发光材料层重叠部分之间设置有载流子或者激子阻挡层。
  9. 如权利要求1-6任一项所述的电致发光显示器件，其特征在于，各所述像素单元还包括：设置在所述第一电极与所述发光材料层之间的空穴传输层；和/或，
    设置在所述第二电极与所述发光材料层之间的电子传输层。
  10. 一种显示装置，其特征在于，包括如权利要求1-9任一项所述的电致发光显示器件。
PCT/CN2015/086453 2015-04-01 2015-08-10 一种电致发光显示器件及显示装置 WO2016155182A1 (zh)

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