WO2016150838A1 - Laserdiode - Google Patents
Laserdiode Download PDFInfo
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- WO2016150838A1 WO2016150838A1 PCT/EP2016/055928 EP2016055928W WO2016150838A1 WO 2016150838 A1 WO2016150838 A1 WO 2016150838A1 EP 2016055928 W EP2016055928 W EP 2016055928W WO 2016150838 A1 WO2016150838 A1 WO 2016150838A1
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- layer
- layer structure
- active zone
- laser diode
- layers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
- H01S5/02—Structural details or components not essential to laser action
- H01S5/026—Monolithically integrated components, e.g. waveguides, monitoring photo-detectors, drivers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
- H01S5/20—Structure or shape of the semiconductor body to guide the optical wave ; Confining structures perpendicular to the optical axis, e.g. index or gain guiding, stripe geometry, broad area lasers, gain tailoring, transverse or lateral reflectors, special cladding structures, MQW barrier reflection layers
- H01S5/2004—Confining in the direction perpendicular to the layer structure
- H01S5/2009—Confining in the direction perpendicular to the layer structure by using electron barrier layers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
- H01S5/02—Structural details or components not essential to laser action
- H01S5/0206—Substrates, e.g. growth, shape, material, removal or bonding
- H01S5/0217—Removal of the substrate
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
- H01S5/20—Structure or shape of the semiconductor body to guide the optical wave ; Confining structures perpendicular to the optical axis, e.g. index or gain guiding, stripe geometry, broad area lasers, gain tailoring, transverse or lateral reflectors, special cladding structures, MQW barrier reflection layers
- H01S5/22—Structure or shape of the semiconductor body to guide the optical wave ; Confining structures perpendicular to the optical axis, e.g. index or gain guiding, stripe geometry, broad area lasers, gain tailoring, transverse or lateral reflectors, special cladding structures, MQW barrier reflection layers having a ridge or stripe structure
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
- H01S5/20—Structure or shape of the semiconductor body to guide the optical wave ; Confining structures perpendicular to the optical axis, e.g. index or gain guiding, stripe geometry, broad area lasers, gain tailoring, transverse or lateral reflectors, special cladding structures, MQW barrier reflection layers
- H01S5/22—Structure or shape of the semiconductor body to guide the optical wave ; Confining structures perpendicular to the optical axis, e.g. index or gain guiding, stripe geometry, broad area lasers, gain tailoring, transverse or lateral reflectors, special cladding structures, MQW barrier reflection layers having a ridge or stripe structure
- H01S5/223—Buried stripe structure
- H01S5/2232—Buried stripe structure with inner confining structure between the active layer and the lower electrode
- H01S5/2234—Buried stripe structure with inner confining structure between the active layer and the lower electrode having a structured substrate surface
- H01S5/2235—Buried stripe structure with inner confining structure between the active layer and the lower electrode having a structured substrate surface with a protrusion
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
- H01S5/20—Structure or shape of the semiconductor body to guide the optical wave ; Confining structures perpendicular to the optical axis, e.g. index or gain guiding, stripe geometry, broad area lasers, gain tailoring, transverse or lateral reflectors, special cladding structures, MQW barrier reflection layers
- H01S5/22—Structure or shape of the semiconductor body to guide the optical wave ; Confining structures perpendicular to the optical axis, e.g. index or gain guiding, stripe geometry, broad area lasers, gain tailoring, transverse or lateral reflectors, special cladding structures, MQW barrier reflection layers having a ridge or stripe structure
- H01S5/223—Buried stripe structure
- H01S5/2237—Buried stripe structure with a non-planar active layer
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
- H01S5/30—Structure or shape of the active region; Materials used for the active region
- H01S5/32—Structure or shape of the active region; Materials used for the active region comprising PN junctions, e.g. hetero- or double- heterostructures
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
- H01S5/20—Structure or shape of the semiconductor body to guide the optical wave ; Confining structures perpendicular to the optical axis, e.g. index or gain guiding, stripe geometry, broad area lasers, gain tailoring, transverse or lateral reflectors, special cladding structures, MQW barrier reflection layers
- H01S5/22—Structure or shape of the semiconductor body to guide the optical wave ; Confining structures perpendicular to the optical axis, e.g. index or gain guiding, stripe geometry, broad area lasers, gain tailoring, transverse or lateral reflectors, special cladding structures, MQW barrier reflection layers having a ridge or stripe structure
- H01S5/2205—Structure or shape of the semiconductor body to guide the optical wave ; Confining structures perpendicular to the optical axis, e.g. index or gain guiding, stripe geometry, broad area lasers, gain tailoring, transverse or lateral reflectors, special cladding structures, MQW barrier reflection layers having a ridge or stripe structure comprising special burying or current confinement layers
- H01S5/2222—Structure or shape of the semiconductor body to guide the optical wave ; Confining structures perpendicular to the optical axis, e.g. index or gain guiding, stripe geometry, broad area lasers, gain tailoring, transverse or lateral reflectors, special cladding structures, MQW barrier reflection layers having a ridge or stripe structure comprising special burying or current confinement layers having special electric properties
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
- H01S5/20—Structure or shape of the semiconductor body to guide the optical wave ; Confining structures perpendicular to the optical axis, e.g. index or gain guiding, stripe geometry, broad area lasers, gain tailoring, transverse or lateral reflectors, special cladding structures, MQW barrier reflection layers
- H01S5/22—Structure or shape of the semiconductor body to guide the optical wave ; Confining structures perpendicular to the optical axis, e.g. index or gain guiding, stripe geometry, broad area lasers, gain tailoring, transverse or lateral reflectors, special cladding structures, MQW barrier reflection layers having a ridge or stripe structure
- H01S5/223—Buried stripe structure
- H01S5/2232—Buried stripe structure with inner confining structure between the active layer and the lower electrode
- H01S5/2234—Buried stripe structure with inner confining structure between the active layer and the lower electrode having a structured substrate surface
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
- H01S5/30—Structure or shape of the active region; Materials used for the active region
- H01S5/32—Structure or shape of the active region; Materials used for the active region comprising PN junctions, e.g. hetero- or double- heterostructures
- H01S5/3211—Structure or shape of the active region; Materials used for the active region comprising PN junctions, e.g. hetero- or double- heterostructures characterised by special cladding layers, e.g. details on band-discontinuities
Definitions
- the invention relates to a laser diode according to patent claim 1 and to a method for producing a laser diode according to patent claim 12.
- the object of the invention is to provide an improved La ⁇ serdiode with a lateral index guide and an improved method for producing a laser diode with a lateral index guide.
- the object of the invention is achieved by the laser diode according to Pa ⁇ tenter 1 and by the method for manufacturing a laser diode according to claim 12.
- An advantage of the laser diode is that the life of the laser diode is improved. This is achieved by not structuring the active zone by an etching method for a lateral index guide. This mög ⁇ Liche damage to the active zone are avoided by the etching process. Furthermore, the laser diode has a better voltage supply, since a large-area contact connection is possible. Furthermore, the laser diode can be produced by means of a simpler manufacturing method, since a lateral in ⁇ dex entry the laser mode is achieved without an etching of a Ridge Jardin is required. In addition, with the proposed laser diode, a complex passivation opening can be dispensed with, even with a narrow first layer structure.
- the proposed laser diode has in the region of the first layer structure and the two laterally adjacent further layer structures in each case one active zone, wherein the ak ⁇ tive regions of the first layer structure in the height offset with respect to at least one active zone of the other
- Layer structures is arranged.
- a laser diode in which the lateral index guidance is achieved by the height offset between the active zone of the layer structures.
- the active zones of the laterally arranged further layer structures are arranged at the same height.
- a uniform lateral guidance of the laser mode is achieved.
- the active zone is located between an n-contact and a p-contact.
- the intermediate layer is arranged laterally of the first layer structure and between the active zone and the n-contact. In this case, the intermediate layer can be arranged in the first and in the second layer structure. As a result, a flow of current in the first and in the second side area is made difficult, in particular prevented. In this way, a concentration of the current flow through the active zone of the first layer structure is effected.
- the intermediate layer is arranged in particular between the active zone and an n-doped layer, in particular arranged in the region of the n-doped layers. Due to the higher conductivity of the n-doped semiconductor layers, a current narrowing through the intermediate layer in the region of n-doped layers to a smaller drop in the component voltage of the laser diode.
- the intermediate layer may in particular be formed as an epitaxially deposited layer.
- the intermediate layer ⁇ have a doping generated when epitaxial deposition using a dopant.
- the active zone is the first one
- Layer structure arranged offset by at least the thickness of the active zone of the layer structure with respect to the active zones of the further layer structures in height. This achieves a further improvement in the lateral indexing of the laser mode.
- the first layer structure is arranged at least partially in a recess of a carrier. With this arrangement too, lateral guidance of the laser modes is achieved due to a change in the index of refraction.
- An improved management of La ⁇ sermoden is achieved.
- the first layer structure, the second layer structure and the third layer structure each have the active zone, the waveguide layers and a first and a second cladding layer, which adjoin the ers ⁇ te and the second waveguide layer. This achieves a further improvement of the lateral mode guidance.
- the electrical p-contact in the x-direction has a wider extension than the electrically conductive web, via which the first layer structure is electrically conductively connected to the n-contact. In this way it can be and a lower conductivity of the p-contact workedgli ⁇ chen still a concentration of the current flow can be achieved in the active zone.
- the p-contact in the width ie in the X-direction has a smaller extent than the first layer structure.
- the p-contact is arranged centrally to the width of the first layer structure.
- the second and the third layer structure have a second or a third intermediate layer, wherein the intermediate layers are formed in order to at least reduce or prevent the flow of current. In this way too, a concentration of the current flow in the region of the first layer structure is supported.
- the second and third intermediate layers can be arranged at the same height.
- the first layer structure has a first intermediate layer, wherein the intermediate layer is designed to at least reduce or prevent the current flow.
- the first intermediate layer of the first layer structure is offset in height from the second intermediate layer of the second layer structure and arranged opposite the third intermediate layer of the third layer structure. Also in this way, a concentration of the current flow in the region of the first layer structure is supported.
- the second and the third layer structure are over an intermediate region with the first Layer structure connected.
- the layers of the intermediate region are inclined at an angle between 5 ° and 90 ° to the plane of the active zone of the first layer structure, ie inclined relative to the ZY plane.
- the layers of the intermediate region are arranged parallel to one another.
- FIG. 1A shows a cross section through a first embodiment of a laser diode
- Fig. 1B is a view on the laser diode of FIG. 1A from above
- Fig. 2 shows a cross section through a partial section of a La ⁇ serdiode with an abrupt step with a barrier layer
- Fig. 3 shows a cross section through a portion of a laser diode having an abrupt Stage without barrier layer
- FIG. 4 shows a cross section through a partial region of a laser diode with a barrier layer and with a ramp-like transition between the first layer structure and the adjacent second or third layer structure
- FIG. 5 shows a cross section through a partial region of a laser diode with a ramp-like transition between the first layer structure and the adjacent layer structures
- 6 to 9 show process steps for producing a La ⁇ serdiode with an index guide by etching the sub- strates in the area of the first layer structure
- FIGS. 10 to 14 are process steps for producing a laser diode with an index guide by etching the substrate in the side regions;
- FIGS. 15 to 18 are process steps for producing a laser diode with an index guide by etching an intermediate layer
- FIGS. 19 to 22 method steps for producing a laser diode with an index guide by etching a layer package with a cladding layer and a conductive or
- Figures 23 to 27 process steps for the manufacture of egg ⁇ ner laser diode with an index guide by a Substratjan- wetting and application of an intermediate layer
- FIGS. 28 to 31 show method steps for producing a laser diode with an index guide through a substrate etch and a p-side current limitation
- FIGS. 32 to 35 show method steps for producing a laser diode with an index guide through a substrate etch and a current limitation on the p-side
- FIG. 37 shows a cross section through a laser diode with an in ⁇ dex Entry by a substrate etching and a current limit on the n-side.
- FIG. 1A shows a schematic illustration of a cross section through a first embodiment of a laser diode 1.
- the laser diode 1 has an n-type metallization 56, on which an electrically conductive substrate 3 is arranged.
- the sub strate ⁇ 3 illustrates a carrier.
- any other type of electrically conductive material, in particular semiconductor material may be provided having a
- the substrate 3 has a web 4, which protrudes in the height along a Y-axis over side regions 5, 6 of the substrate 3 upwards and extends in length ent ⁇ long a Z-axis.
- the web 4 has a predetermined width along an X-axis.
- the Z-axis, Y-axis and X-axis are perpendicular to each other.
- the first and the second side surface 5, 6, the side of the Ste ⁇ 4 represent an upper side of the substrate 3 are covered with an intermediate layer 7. As a result, the web 4 is widened around the intermediate layers 7 arranged on both sides, which are low or not electrically conductive.
- a first and a second lateral surface 8, 9 of the web 4 which are arranged perpendicular to the XZ plane, with the intermediate layer 7 covered.
- the first layer structure 15 has a first negatively doped cladding layer 16, which is arranged on the strip-like surface 14.
- a negatively doped waveguide 17 is arranged on the strip-like surface 14.
- an active zone 18 is arranged on the active zone 18 .
- On the active zone 18 is a positive doped
- Waveguide 19 is arranged. On the positively doped waveguide 19 is a blocking layer 20 for electrons angeord ⁇ net. On the blocking layer 20, a second positive do ⁇ oriented cladding layer 21 is disposed. On the second cladding layer 21, a contact layer 22 is arranged. Depending on the chosen embodiment, the blocking layer 20 may also be arranged in the positively doped waveguide 19.
- the first layer structure 15 defines a Ridge für 23. In addition to the Ridge réelle 23, a first side portion 24 and a second side portion 25 are provided. In the first side region 24, a second layer structure 26 is arranged.
- the second layer structure 24 has a first negatively doped cladding layer 16, which is arranged on a surface of the intermediate layer 7.
- a negatively doped waveguide 17th On the negatively doped waveguide 17, an active zone 18 is arranged. On the active zone 18, a positively doped waveguide 19 is arranged. On the positively doped waveguide 19 is a blocking layer 20 for the positively doped waveguide 19 .
- a second, positively doped cladding layer 21 is arranged on the blocking layer 20, a second, positively doped cladding layer 21 is arranged. On the second cladding layer 21 is a contact layer 22 angeord ⁇ net. The contact layer 22 may represent a p-contact layer .
- the second layer structure 26 adjoins the first layer structure 15 with a side region. The second layer structure 26 has the same structure as the first layered structure 15, but is deeper than the first layer structure 15 is arranged ⁇ in height in relation to the substrate. 3 In the second side region 25 is a third layer structure
- the third layer structure 27 has a first negatively doped cladding layer 16, which is arranged on a surface of the intermediate layer 7 Oberflä ⁇ .
- a negatively doped waveguide 17 is arranged on the first man ⁇ tel Anlagen 16 .
- an active zone 18 is arranged on the negatively doped waveguide 17, an active zone 18 is arranged.
- a positively doped waveguide 19 is arranged on the positively doped waveguide 19, a blocking layer 20 for electrons is arranged.
- a second, positively doped cladding layer 21 is arranged.
- Blocking layer 20 can also be arranged in the p-doped waveguide 19.
- a contact layer 22 is arranged on the second cladding layer 21, a contact layer 22 is arranged.
- the third layer structure 27 is formed corresponding to the first layer structure 15, but lower in relation to the height position with respect to the substrate 3.
- Layer structure 15 arranged higher by a predetermined height difference 33 with respect to the second and the third layer structure 26,27.
- the second and the third layer structure 26,27 are arranged at the same height.
- the first, second and third layer structures 15, 26, 27 are covered with a p-type metallization 28.
- the first layer structure 15 merges with the second layer structure 26 via a first intermediate region 29.
- Layer structure 15 merges via a second intermediate region 30 into third layer structure 27.
- the first layer structure 15 faces the second and the third Layer structure 26, 27 a height difference 33 in the range of 20 nm to 500 nm, preferably from 30 nm to 400 nm, preferably ⁇ from 50 nm to 300 nm.
- the ak ⁇ tive zone 18 of the first layer structure 15 to the active zone 18 of the second layer structure 26 and / or to the active zone 18 of the third layer structure 27 in the range of 20 nm to 500 nm, preferably from 30 nm to 400 nm, preferably offset from 50 nm to 300 nm in height. Due to the height difference 33 between the first layer structure 15 and the adjacent second and third
- Layer structures in the first and second intermediate regions 29, 30 either adjoin one another or be connected to one another in the form of continuous layers. Due to the height offset between the active zone 18 of the Ridgepatented 23 and the active zones 18 of the first and second side region 24,25 a lateral indexing of the light generated by the active zone 18 of the first layer structure 15 light radiation is achieved.
- the active zone is therefore arranged between an n-type contact and a p-contact, wherein the n-contact and the p-contact formed by respective layers ⁇ the electrically conductively connected to the n-metallization or with the p-metallization are connected to and are integrally ⁇ arranged on the n-side or p-side with respect to the active zone.
- FIG. 1B shows a schematic representation of the laser diode 1 from above with a view of the ridged structure 23, the first side region 24 and the second side region 25.
- the laser diode may be formed as edge-Laserdio ⁇ de, wherein the light generated by the active zone Laser light in the Ridge Vietnamese 13 is guided laterally and is reflected at opposite mirror surfaces at least partially.
- a first and a second surfaces are provided Spiegelflä- 42,43 against ⁇ opposite ends on which the laser light is at least partially reflected and coupled out.
- the intermediate layer 7 has a low electrical Leitfä ⁇ ability or is electrically insulating.
- the intermediate layer 7 serves as an electrical resistance layer or barrier layer which is intended to reduce and in particular prevent a flow of the electric current through the side regions 24, 25.
- the first layer structure 15 has the same width as the web 4 of the substrate 3.
- the layers of the first, second and third layer structures 15, 26, 27 are each deposited simultaneously.
- the shape of the layers of the layer structures 15, 26, 27 in the intermediate regions 29, 30 depends on the angles of inclination of the side surfaces 31, 32 of the intermediate layer 7, which delimit the strip-like surface 14 on both sides along the Z-axis.
- Web 4 is omitted, the structure of the layer structures in the region of the first and second intermediate region 29, 30 is determined by the inclination angle of the first and second soflä ⁇ che 8.9 of the web 4, which limit the web 4 laterally along the Z-axis ,
- angles of inclination of the first and the second side surface 8, 9 of the web 4 or of the side surfaces 31, 32 of the intermediate layer 7 may be in the range between 5 ° and 90 °, preferably between 20 ° and 88 °, in particular between 40 ° and 85 ° be arranged on the XZ plane.
- the second intermediate layer 7 in the first and second sides 23,24 ⁇ range prevents an undefined widening of current flow outside of the active zone 18 of the first
- Layer structure 15 Thus, a defined current path is present in the first layer structure 15, so that carrier losses are reduced or minimized. As a result, it is sufficient ⁇ a sti ⁇ delay of the quantum efficiency of the active zone 18th Due to the large-area contact layer 22, a lower operating voltage is present when the laser diode is operated.
- the electrically conductive region of the strip-like surface 14 is limited to the region of the web 4 by the two-sided strips of the intermediate layer 7. ⁇ the opposite, the contact layer 22, which is disposed on the first layer structure 15 to a larger width in the X-direction than the web. 4
- Fig. 2 shows a partial section of a first execution ⁇ form the laser diode 1, wherein the layers of the first, second and third layered structure in the first and second intermediate portion 29, go into the form of an abrupt step at an angle of 90 ° 30.
- the first layer structure 15 is arranged closer to the substrate 3 than the second and third layer structures 26, 27. This is achieved in that the intermediate layer 7, which is applied to the substrate 3, has a recess 34.
- the intermediate layer 7 and the substrate 3 constitute a support.
- the recess 34 has a predetermined length along the Z-axis, a predetermined width along the X-axis, and a predetermined depth along the Y-axis.
- the length of the recess is greater than the width of the recess.
- the width of the recess is greater than the depth of the recess.
- the refractive index of the n-waveguide layers 17 is smaller than the refractive index of the active zone 18, so that a lateral indexing of the laser mode between the n-waveguide layers 17 of the second and the third layer structure 26, 27 in the first
- FIG. 3 shows a further embodiment of a laser diode 1, in which the layers of the first, second and third
- Layer structure 15, 26,27 abruptly at an angle of 90 ° over the intermediate regions 29,30 into each other.
- the active zone 18 of the first layer structure 15 is arranged lower than the active zones 18 of the second or third layer structure 26, 27. In this embodiment, this is achieved by providing a second recess 35 in the substrate 3 the first layer structure 15 is constructed.
- the intermediate layer 7 has been dispensed with. Independently of this, an intermediate layer 7 may also be arranged between the first cladding layer 16 of the second and the third layer structure 26, 27 in this embodiment.
- the active zone 18 of the first layer structure 15 is correspondingly displaced relative to the active zones 18 of the second and third layer structures 26, 27.
- the active zone 18 of the first layer structure 15 should at least partially, in particular completely against ⁇ over the active zones 18 of the second or third
- Layer structure 26, 27 be moved to allow a lateral index guide.
- a complete shift involves an arrangement of the active zone 18 of the first
- Layer structure 15 at least the thickness of the active zone 18th
- FIG. 4 shows a further embodiment of a laser diode, wherein the first intermediate region 29 and the second intermediate region 30 are not made abrupt, but wider. This is achieved by the layers of the second
- Layer structure 26 over a small angle, for example, 5 ° in the first intermediate region 29 in the layers of the first Shift layer structure 15. Accordingly, the layers of the first layer structure 15 also transition over a small angle of, for example, 5 ° in the second intermediate region 30 into the layers of the third layer structure 27.
- the substrate 3 and the intermediate layer 7 constitute a carrier.
- the inclined arrangement of the inner surfaces 36, 37 of the intermediate layer 7 forms corresponding intermediate regions 29, 30, in which the deposited layers likewise at a corresponding angle of, for example, 5 ° are arranged opposite the plane of the layers in the area of the ridge structure 23.
- a step index is effected in lateral regions of the active region 18 of the first layer structure 15 adjacent to the septbe ⁇ rich 29,30, Thereby, a lateral guidance of the laser mode through the step index in the intermediate portions 29, 30 is achieved.
- FIG. 5 shows a further embodiment of a laser diode 1, in which the layers of the first, second and third
- Layer structure 15, 26, 27 are arranged as shown in FIG. 4. However, it has been dispensed with the intermediate layer 7.
- the substrate 3 has a second recess 35, in which a third and a fourth inner surface 38, 39 of the second recess 35 are arranged at an angle of 5 ° with respect to the X-Z plane.
- FIGS. 6 to 9 show various method steps of a method for producing a laser diode with an index guide by etching the substrate 3 in the region of the ridged structure.
- 6 shows a cross section through a substrate 3, on which an etching mask 40 is applied.
- the etch ⁇ mask 40 may be formed for example of photoresist, from a DIE lektrischen layer or metal.
- the etch mask 40 defines an etch opening ⁇ 41.
- a second off ⁇ recess is introduced into the surface of the substrate 3 35 through the etching opening 41, as shown in Fig. 7.
- various etching methods can be used.
- the etching mask 40 is removed and a substrate 3 having the second recess 35 is obtained, as shown in FIG. 8. Subsequently, the individual layers of the first, second and third layer structure 15, 26, 27 are successively, but for all three layer structures
- the layers of the layer structures are applied by means of an epitaxial growth.
- corresponding layers are deposited.
- Fig. 9 shows an example of the structure of a laser diode 1, wherein as layers for the first, second and third
- Layer structure 15, 26, 27, a first negatively doped cladding layer 16, an n-waveguide layer 17, an active Zo ⁇ ne 18, a p-waveguide layer 19, a blocking layer 20 for electrons, and a second positively doped cladding layer 21 ⁇ deposited were.
- a contact layer 22 is deposited on the second cladding layer 21.
- the second recess 35 has vertically arranged third and fourth inner surfaces 38, 39. Due to the vertical training of the third and fourth inner surface 38, 39 of the second recess 35, an abrupt transition in the first and second intermediate region 29,30 between the layers of the second layer structure 26 and the first layer structure 15 and between the first layer structure 15 and the third layer structure 27 during the deposition of the layers reached.
- the transition of the layers is given according to the embodiment of FIG. 3.
- the active zone 18 of the first layer structure 15 is opposite the active zones 18 of the second or third
- Layer structure 26, 27 in height at least partially, in particular ⁇ arranged at least deeper by the thickness of the active zone 18. In this way, the side regions of the active zone 18 of the first layer structure 1 at least partially adjoin the n-type waveguides 17 of the second and third layer structures 26, 27. Characterized a lateral index ⁇ guide the laser mode is accomplished in the first layer structure 15th
- a lateral waveguide of the laser mode is achieved by an index change, in particular an index jump, without a
- Multi-step epitaxy is required.
- undefined etching steps can be avoided.
- no undefined oxidation of aluminum-containing epi-layers is required.
- damage can be avoided by etching.
- a laser diode with increased long-term stability is provided.
- the threshold current for operating the laser diode is reduced.
- a large-area contact connection in the form of the contact layer 22 is possible in spite of the ridge structure or the lateral index guide.
- a low operating voltage is sufficient to operate the laser diode.
- FIGS. 10 to 14 show method steps of a further method for producing a laser diode, wherein a Index guide is achieved in that the substrate 3 is etched in the region of the second and third layer structure 26, 27.
- 10 shows the method step in which a photomask 44 is applied to the substrate 3.
- the photomask 44 defining a ⁇ tzmaskenö réelle 45.
- the free surface of the substrate 3 in the region of the etching masks ⁇ opening 45 and the photomask be coated with an etching mask 40 ⁇ 44th
- This process status is shown in FIG. 11.
- the photomask 44 and the portions of the etching mask 40 disposed thereon are removed by a lift-off method.
- a patterned etch mask 40 remains, as shown in FIG. 12.
- the etching mask 40 covers a central region of the substrate 3, on which the first layer structure 15 is to be applied later.
- ⁇ wd the etching mask is removed 40th
- This process status is shown in FIG. 13.
- the two second recesses 35 each have a vertical fourth inner surface 39.
- the layers of the first, second and third layered structure 15, 26, 27 are subsequently but applied layer by layer at the same time for the first, second and third layered structure 15,26,27 and a laser diode 1, prepared as in Fig example using a epitakti ⁇ rule growth method. 14 is shown.
- the layer structures 15, 26, 27 of FIG. 14 correspond to the layer structures of FIG. 9, but in this exemplary embodiment the active zone 18 of the first layer structure 15 is arranged higher than the active zones 18 of the second and third layer structures 26, 27.
- This method offers the same advantages as the method of FIGS. 6 to 9.
- FIGS. 15 to 18 show method steps of a further method for producing a laser diode 1.
- FIG. 15 shows a substrate 3 on which an intermediate layer 7 is arranged , On the intermediate layer 7 is an etching mask 40 applied.
- the etching mask 40 has an etching opening 41.
- This process status is shown in FIG. 16.
- ⁇ IOd the intermediate layer 7 is patterned by using an etching method, wherein a first recess is incorporated in the intermediate layer 7 and the surface 34 of the substrate 3 is exposed in the region of the first Ausneh ⁇ mung 34th
- the substrate 3 and the intermediate layer 7 constitute a carrier. This state of the process is shown in FIG. 17. From ⁇ pending selected from executing a recess as shown in Fig.
- first cladding layer may be provided which is struc ⁇ riert together with the intermediate layer 7 according to Figures 15 through 17th
- the first cladding layer may strat between the sub 3 and the intermediate layer 7 or may be disposed on the intermediate layer ⁇ . 7
- the layers for a laser diode 1 are successively applied to the arrangement of FIG. 17, so that the first, second and third layer structure 15, 26, 27 he will hold ⁇ , as shown in Fig. 18.
- ers ⁇ te recess 34 is the first layer structure 15, which is arranged in the region of the ridge structure 23, offset from the second and the third layer structure 26 disposed 27th Since the first and the second inner surface 36, 37 of the ers ⁇ th recess 34 is ⁇ arranged perpendicular to the plane of the substrate 3, when depositing the layers of the
- the intermediate layer 7 represents a layer which impedes the flow of an electric current, in particular prevents it. From ⁇ dependent on the chosen embodiment, the intermediate layer 7 may be formed, for example in the form of an insulating layer, for example in the form of undoped gallium nitride or undoped aluminum nitride. In addition, depending on the selected embodiment, the intermediate layer 7 may be formed as a p-type layer when the substrate 3 is formed as an n-type conductive material.
- the intermediate layer 7 may be formed as an n-conductive layer when the substrate 3 is formed as a p-conductive material.
- a blocking pn junction for current flow be- see the p-contact and the n-contact of the laser diode forms ⁇ out.
- the laser diode of FIG. 18 has the advantage over the embodiments of FIGS. 9 and 14 that the current flow in the region of the active zone 18 is the first one
- Figures 19 to 22 show method steps of a wide ⁇ ren method of manufacturing a laser diode 1, in which a substrate 3 is provided in Fig. 19, which is covered with an ERS th cladding layer 16.
- the first cladding layer 16 may be, for example, negatively doped.
- a barrier layer 7 is arranged on the first cladding layer 16.
- an etching mask ⁇ is woked ⁇ be applied to the barrier layer 7 40 defining an etching aperture 41, provided DAR as in Fig. 20.
- the etching mask 40 is removed and an arrangement as shown in FIG.
- the substrate 3, the first cladding layer 16 and the interim ⁇ rule layer 7 illustrate a carrier.
- the first cladding layer 16 may be angeord ⁇ net and above the intermediate layer 7.
- the first cladding layer 16 is patterned together with the intermediate layer 7, ie, removed in the region of the etching opening 41.
- the first and the second and the third layer structure 15, 26, 27 together epitaxially deposited layer by layer in the growth direction, ie in the Y axis, wherein in this embodiment, the layer structures have no first cladding layer 16, since these was already deposited in the previous process steps.
- a laser diode 1 the laser diode 1 of Fig. 22 is designed in accordance with the laser ⁇ diode 1 of Fig. 18, wherein the barrier layer 7 is disposed under the second and the third layer structure 26,27 above the first cladding layer 16.
- the intermediate layer 7 is formed, for example, as an electrically insulating layer.
- FIGS. 23 to 27 describe method steps for producing a laser diode with an index guide by substrate etching and by providing a current limiting layer.
- Figures 23 to 27 show method steps ei ⁇ nes method of manufacturing a laser diode, which is formed in accordance with FIG. 1A.
- a substrate 3 be placed ⁇ riding on which a, for example, lithographically structured etching mask 40 is applied.
- the etch mask 40 defines the width and length of the later-produced first layer structure. Subsequently, the side of the etching mask 40 respectively ⁇ a second recess incorporated on both sides 35 in the substrate 3, as shown in Fig.
- a web 4 is machined out of the substrate 3.
- an intermediate layer 7 is deposited on the free surfaces of the substrate 3 and on side surfaces 8, 9 of the web 4.
- the side surfaces 8,9 are complete in the illustrated example covered with the intermediate layer 7.
- the intermediate layer 7 is formed to limit current flow or bond to be ⁇ .
- the intermediate layer 7 covers both the bottom surfaces of the second recesses 35 and the side surfaces 8, 9 of the web 4 of the substrate 3.
- the intermediate layer 7 itself may be formed in the form of an insulating material.
- the interlayer 7 can be made, for example, of undoped gallium nitride, undoped aluminum nitride, undoped indium gallium nitride, undoped aluminum gallium nitride or undoped aluminum indium nitride.
- the intermediate layer may be in the form of a positively doped material 7, when the substrate 3 is of a negatively doped material be ⁇ .
- a blocking pn contact layer is formed between the intermediate layer 7 and the substrate 3.
- the positively doped intermediate layer 7 may be formed, for example, from gallium nitride, aluminum nitride, indium gallium nitride, aluminum gallium nitride or aluminum gallium nitride, indium, wherein the intermediate layer 7 is doped for example with magnesium or zinc. This process status is shown in FIG.
- the intermediate layer 7 can be negatively doped and the substrate 3 can be positively doped.
- the etching mask 40 is removed. This process status is shown in FIG. 26.
- the intermediate layer 7 and the substrate 3 represent a carrier.
- the layer sequence according to the desired structure of the laser diode is deposited on the upper side of the arrangement of FIG. 26. In this case, due to the structured surface, a laser diode according to FIG. 27 is obtained.
- FIG. 28 shows a laser diode 1 which according to the laser Diode of FIG. 14 is formed and prepared by a corresponding method.
- An etching mask 40 is applied to the contact layer 22 of the laser diode.
- the ⁇ tzmas ⁇ ke 40 has further etching openings 46, 47.
- the etching apertures 46,47 extend up to the contact layer 22 and are rich ⁇ over the first layer structure 15 at a predetermined distance disposed Be.
- the etching openings 46, 47 are guided over the entire length of the laser diode 1.
- the etch ⁇ openings 46,47 are arranged mirror-symmetrically to a center of the first layer structure 15th This process status is shown in FIG. 29.
- the contact layer 22 in the region of the first and second further etching openings 46, 47 is removed by means of an etching process.
- further recesses 48, 49 are introduced into the second cladding layer 21 of the first layer structure 15.
- the etching mask 40 is covered with an insulating layer 50.
- the further recesses 48, 49 of the second cladding layer 21 are filled.
- a contact 51 on the ers ⁇ th layer structure 15 is obtained which has a smaller width than the first layer structure 15th This achieves a current limitation with respect to the width of the active zone 18 of the first layer structure 15.
- This process status is shown in FIG.
- the etching mask is then removed 40, which is formed at ⁇ play of photoresist using a lift-off method.
- the insulating layer 50 which is arranged on the ⁇ tzmaske removed.
- FIG. 32 a central region 52 of the contact layer 22 and the adjacent isolati ⁇ ons slaughter 50 which are arranged in the further recesses 48, 49, covered with a photoresist layer 52nd
- a second insulation layer 53 is applied to the top of the arrangement.
- This Ver ⁇ drive stand is shown in Fig. 34.
- the photoresist layer 52 is removed and while in a central region of the second insulation layer ⁇ 53.
- a p-metallization applied to the central region of the contact layer 22 28th This process status is shown in FIG. 35.
- FIG. 36 shows a further embodiment of a laser diode 1, in which both in the second and in the third layer structure 26, 27 an intermediate layer 7 as well as in the first layer structure 15 an intermediate layer 7 is arranged.
- the intermediate layer 7 is respectively disposed between the p-type waveguide 19 and the second cladding layer 21.
- the intermediate layer 7 is formed as a current blocking layer, so that only one clotting ⁇ ger or no vertical current flow between the p-contact 22 and the substrate 3 can be made.
- the intermediate layer 7 of the first layered structure 15 and the intermediate layers 7 of the second and third layered structures 26, 27 have different height positions with respect to the Y-axis.
- the intermediate layer 7 of the first layer structure 15 is arranged above the intermediate layers 7 of the second and third layer structures 26, 27.
- the difference in the height position is greater than the thickness of the intermediate layer 7.
- the p-type waveguide 19 borders the first one
- Layer structure 15 and its active zone 18 are concentrated. Corresponding current paths 54 are shown schematically in the form of arrows.
- the intermediate layer 7 is formed as Isola ⁇ tion layer.
- the active zone of the ers ⁇ th layer pattern 15 is higher than the active zones of the second and the third layer structure 26 disposed 27th
- the active zone 18 of the first layer structure 15 laterally adjoins the blocking layer 20 for electrons.
- the electron blocking layer 20 has a smaller refractive index, thereby providing lateral guidance of the laser mode is reached.
- a defined current path is specified differently by providing the current-blocking intermediate layer 7, the current flow in the area of the first
- Layer structure 15 concentrated. As a result, charge carrier losses are reduced. In addition, an increase in Quan ⁇ ten Fischsgrades is achieved.
- the substrate 3 has in this embodiment a web 4 according to the embodiment of FIG. 1A.
- Layer structure 26 and the third layer structure 27 constructed as shown in FIG. 1A may be provided between the active zone 18 and the blocking layer 20, which layer is positively doped.
- the p-waveguide 19 is angeord ⁇ net in the layer structure on the blocking layer 20.
- the intermediate layer 7 is brought on ⁇ .
- the second cladding layer 21 which is positively doped.
- an n-type metallization 56 is applied on the underside of the substrate 3.
- FIG. 37 shows a further embodiment of a laser diode 1, in which the substrate 3 has a recess 35 in which the first layer structure 15 is partially arranged.
- Layer structure 15, 26, 27 have the same layer sequence, wherein the sequence of layers of the first layer structure 15 ge ⁇ geninate the layer sequences of the second and third
- Layer structure is arranged lower in height. Adjacent to the substrate 3 there is provided a spacer layer 55, an intermediate layer 7, a first cladding layer 16, an n-waveguide layer 17, an active zone 18, a p-waveguide layer 19, a second cladding layer 21 and a contact layer 22. On the underside of the electrically conductive substrate 3, an n-type metallization 56 is applied. A current flow is due to the arrangement of the intermediate layer 7, which is designed as a current blocking layer, according to the current paths 54, which are shown in the form of arrows, concentrated in the region of the active zone 18 of the first layer structure 15. Also by this arrangement, a latera ⁇ le waveguide structure is achieved without a Ridgenowung.
- the laser mode is laterally indexed by the height offset between the first layer structure 15 and the second and third layer structures 26, 27 arranged on both sides.
- the active zone 18 of the first layer structure 15 adjoins the first cladding layer 16 laterally.
- the first cladding layer 16 has a lower refractive index than the active zone 18.
- the intermediate layer acting as a current blocking layer 7 current paths 54 for the current flow.
- the current flow is concentrated on the region of the active zone 18 of the first layer structure 15. As a result, carrier losses are reduced. In addition, an increase in quantum efficiency is thereby achieved.
- FIGS. 36 and 37 may also have intermediate regions 29, 30 between the first layer structure 15 and the second layer structure 26 and / or between the first layer structure 15 and the third layer structure 27 with inclined layers arranged analogously to FIGS and 5 are arranged.
- the angle of inclination of the layers in the intermediate regions may be between 5 ° and 90 °.
- the layers in the intermediate regions 29, 30 are arranged parallel to one another.
- the determination of the inclination, ie of the inclination angle of the layers in the intermediate regions, is achieved by a corresponding design of the inclination surfaces of the side surfaces of the web 4 or of the intermediate layer 7 or the side layer. surfaces or inner surfaces of the first or recess 34, 35 set.
- the blocking layer 20 can be dispensed with in the described exemplary embodiments.
- further layers may be provided between the active zone, the waveguide layers, and the cladding layers.
- the active region 18 may, for example be a quantum well structure ⁇ forms.
- the active zone can also be designed as a pn junction.
- the transition in an intermediate region abruptly with a 90 ° angle and in the other intermediate area at an angle of 5 °.
- all other different angular ranges between 5 ° and 90 ° for the transition in the two intermediate areas are possible.
- laser diodes can be produced with different material systems.
- the proposed methods offer advantages for producing an index-guided Ridgewellenleiter laser diode.
- the proposed methods can dispense with the use of an etch stop layer in the aluminum-indium-gallium nitride material system.
- the described methods and the described embodiments can also be applied to other material systems such as e.g. Gallium arsenide or indium phosphide based laser diodes.
- the proposed methods for the production of the laser diode have the advantage that a multi-stage Ridgeussien can be dispensed with intermediate controls.
- damage to the active zone which may occur during etching of the ridge structure, especially during dry etching, and which can lead to absorption centers, leakage current paths and device stability problems, can be avoided.
- slight variations in the Caribbeanset ⁇ Zung cause the layers to be etched on a wafer or wafer-to-wafer at different Ridgefordraten. This caused ⁇ tztiefenschwankache and associated high scattering of the laser parameters are thus avoided.
- the proposed methods have the advantage that an index-guided laser diode is provided, wherein kei ⁇ ne Ridge technology and no complicated multiple epitaxy with a plurality of epitaxy and etching steps are required. This results in advantages in terms of a low operating voltage through a large contact area. In addition, no time-consuming epitaxial overgrowth is erfor ⁇ sary. Furthermore, it is possible to dispense with the elaborate ride set.
- the methods described have the advantage that a structuring of the component for Ausbil ⁇ dung a shifted in the height position over the edge regions Ridge structure takes place prior to forming the active zone. The structuring can take place in the epitaxy region under the active zone.
- these indexdefinie ⁇ Rende etching can be performed directly in the substrate.
- an epitaxial auxiliary layer deposited on the substrate may be etched.
- an n-side current aperture can also be integrated.
- an n-type substrate can be partially non-conductive ge ⁇ makes, including Moreover, by diffusion or implantation, etc. to be etched an auxiliary layer undoped (non-conducting tend) are formed or p-doped, so that in the non-etched area ge ⁇ a blocking pn junction is formed.
- the intermediate layer 7 can also be integrated directly into the substrate 3, in particular in FIG. 37, by rendering the substrate 3 non-conductive in the corresponding surface regions.
- the formation of the non-current-conducting intermediate layer 7 can be produced for example by a corresponding diffusion or implantation.
- the substrate 3 is usually formed n-type.
- the structuring methods can also be applied to the substrate, on which a first cladding layer 16 and an n-waveguide layer 17 have already been applied.
- the structuring process will be carried out according to, wherein a Ausneh ⁇ mung or a ridge formed on the already deposited layer, and then further layers are epitaxially deposited with the acti ⁇ ven zone.
- the intermediate layer 7 may be epitaxially deposited.
- Layer growth of the intermediate layer 7 are installed.
- the dopant is essentially incorporated at lattice sites.
- a concentration of dopant is reduced to interstitial sites and in particular avoided.
- a migration of the dopant is reduced in the active region during operation of the laser diode, in particular vermie ⁇ .
- non-radiative recombination of charge carriers in the active zone is reduced, in particular avoided. This increases the efficiency of the laser diode. To ⁇ the risk of additional heating is reduced.
- the intermediate layer 7 is, for example, positively doped semiconductor layer and adjacent to at least one ⁇ negatively doped, in particular between two negatively doped semi- conductor layers arranged. In this way, a blocking ⁇ the pn junction is generated, which impedes or prevents current flow.
- the intermediate layer 7 may be disposed adjacent to the first cladding layer 16, and / or adjacent to the n-waveguide layer 17.
- the interim ⁇ rule layer 7 can be between the substrate 3 and the first cladding layer 16 or ⁇ disposed in the first cladding layer sixteenth
- the intermediate layer 7 can be arranged in the n-waveguide layer 17 or between the first cladding layer 16 and the n-waveguide layer 17 or between the n-waveguide layer 17 and the active zone 18.
- the described laser diode can be used in particular for an AlGalnN system, in particular for laser diodes which generate visible light.
- a basic idea of the present methods is that before the deposition of the active zone, a structuring of the surface of the layer arrangement takes place, so that in a later deposition of the layers with the active zone, the active zone in a ridging region in a different height position compared to the active zones the edge regions is arranged. As a result of this different height position, a change in the refractive index is achieved in the lateral regions, in particular in the intermediate regions between the ridge structure and the edge regions, so that a lateral guidance of the laser mode is produced in the region of the active zone of the Ridge Modell.
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- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
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- Semiconductor Lasers (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US15/560,068 US10181695B2 (en) | 2015-03-20 | 2016-03-18 | Laser diode |
| DE112016001301.9T DE112016001301B4 (de) | 2015-03-20 | 2016-03-18 | Laserdiode |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102015104206.1A DE102015104206A1 (de) | 2015-03-20 | 2015-03-20 | Laserdiode |
| DE102015104206.1 | 2015-03-20 |
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| WO2016150838A1 true WO2016150838A1 (de) | 2016-09-29 |
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|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2016/055928 Ceased WO2016150838A1 (de) | 2015-03-20 | 2016-03-18 | Laserdiode |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US10181695B2 (de) |
| DE (2) | DE102015104206A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2016150838A1 (de) |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5732099A (en) * | 1995-07-28 | 1998-03-24 | Sony Corporation | Semiconductor light emitting device |
| US6420198B1 (en) * | 1996-12-24 | 2002-07-16 | Nec Corporation | Gallium nitride based compound semiconductor laser and method of forming the same |
Family Cites Families (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CA1127282A (en) * | 1978-05-22 | 1982-07-06 | Takashi Sugino | Semiconductor laser and method of making the same |
| JPH0682886B2 (ja) * | 1984-06-08 | 1994-10-19 | 株式会社日立製作所 | 半導体レーザ装置の製造方法 |
| JPS6225485A (ja) * | 1985-07-25 | 1987-02-03 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | 半導体レ−ザ装置 |
| EP0533197A3 (en) | 1991-09-20 | 1993-11-03 | Fujitsu Ltd | Stripe laser diode having an improved efficiency for current confinement |
| JP2960838B2 (ja) * | 1993-07-30 | 1999-10-12 | シャープ株式会社 | 半導体装置及びその製造方法 |
| US5400356A (en) * | 1994-06-28 | 1995-03-21 | Xerox Corporation | Index-guided laser on grooved (001) substrate |
| US5465266A (en) * | 1994-06-28 | 1995-11-07 | Xerox Corporation | Index-guided laser on a ridged (001) substrate |
| JP2000196188A (ja) * | 1998-12-25 | 2000-07-14 | Toshiba Corp | 半導体レ―ザ素子およびその製造方法 |
| JP2001185812A (ja) * | 1999-12-22 | 2001-07-06 | Rohm Co Ltd | 半導体レーザおよびその製法 |
-
2015
- 2015-03-20 DE DE102015104206.1A patent/DE102015104206A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2016
- 2016-03-18 US US15/560,068 patent/US10181695B2/en active Active
- 2016-03-18 WO PCT/EP2016/055928 patent/WO2016150838A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2016-03-18 DE DE112016001301.9T patent/DE112016001301B4/de active Active
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5732099A (en) * | 1995-07-28 | 1998-03-24 | Sony Corporation | Semiconductor light emitting device |
| US6420198B1 (en) * | 1996-12-24 | 2002-07-16 | Nec Corporation | Gallium nitride based compound semiconductor laser and method of forming the same |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| WANG T Y: "LATERAL P-N JUNCTIONS IN METAL-ORGANIC VAPOR-PHASE EPITAXY OF ALGAAS LASERS ON GAAS SUBSTRATES HAVINT Ú011 3/4 ETCHED RIDGES", APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS, A I P PUBLISHING LLC, US, vol. 64, no. 11, 14 March 1994 (1994-03-14), pages 1368 - 1370, XP000434298, ISSN: 0003-6951, DOI: 10.1063/1.111937 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE112016001301A5 (de) | 2017-11-30 |
| US20180083415A1 (en) | 2018-03-22 |
| US10181695B2 (en) | 2019-01-15 |
| DE102015104206A1 (de) | 2016-09-22 |
| DE112016001301B4 (de) | 2022-02-24 |
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