WO2016141638A1 - 一种带液压助力的拖拉机离合器操纵装置的操作方法 - Google Patents

一种带液压助力的拖拉机离合器操纵装置的操作方法 Download PDF

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WO2016141638A1
WO2016141638A1 PCT/CN2015/081160 CN2015081160W WO2016141638A1 WO 2016141638 A1 WO2016141638 A1 WO 2016141638A1 CN 2015081160 W CN2015081160 W CN 2015081160W WO 2016141638 A1 WO2016141638 A1 WO 2016141638A1
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oil
piston
safety valve
passage
hydraulic
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PCT/CN2015/081160
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English (en)
French (fr)
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盛雷
盛怀林
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洛阳市伟林液压机械有限公司
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Publication of WO2016141638A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016141638A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D48/00—External control of clutches
    • F16D48/02—Control by fluid pressure
    • F16D48/04—Control by fluid pressure providing power assistance

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of tractor clutch control technology, and more particularly to a method of operating a hydraulic clutch assisted tractor clutch operating device.
  • the object of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art and to provide a method for operating a hydraulic clutch assisted clutch operating device.
  • the clutch pedal connects the boosting cylinder to the clutch lever through a connecting fork, and the assisting cylinder is controlled by the steering constant current of the tractor.
  • the pump output line provides pressure, and the piston rod of the boosting cylinder is connected to the clutch rod through the connecting fork.
  • a method for operating a hydraulic clutch assisted tractor clutch operating device is composed of: a clutch pedal, a top plate, a return spring, and a connection Fork, clutch lever, booster cylinder, oil inlet, oil outlet, oil return, block, return spring, valve stem, oil passage, safety valve passage, top screw, safety valve spring, safety valve, bell mouth,
  • the oil return cavity, the upper cavity, the lower cavity, the piston rod, the throttle valve, the conical head, the piston, the connecting block and the oil hole are configured;
  • the clutch pedal is connected with the fixing bracket of the cab through the return spring, and the top plate of the clutch pedal is arranged at In the U-shaped connecting fork, the U-shaped port of the connecting fork is connected with the clutch rod through the connecting pin, and the middle portion of the connecting fork is connected with the piston rod of the boosting cylinder;
  • the boosting cylinder is provided with the oil inlet, the oil outlet and the oil return port from bottom
  • a hose is provided between the oil inlet and the steering constant current pump outlet, and between the oil outlet and the hydraulic steering oil inlet
  • Set the hose set the hose between the oil return port and the oil inlet of the steering constant flow pump tank, set the lifting lug above the boosting cylinder, set the block in the middle of the boosting cylinder, and form the oil returning cavity above the blocking block in the oil cylinder.
  • a valve stem is disposed in the inner hole of the block; a connecting block is disposed between one end of the piston rod in the boosting cylinder and the piston, and the piston rod, the connecting block and the piston are integrally formed, and the piston is disposed between the inner wall of the boosting cylinder and the valve stem
  • the oil hole is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the connecting block, and the lower cavity is formed between the connecting block and the inner wall of the boosting cylinder, and a return spring is arranged between the blocking block and the piston in the boosting cylinder, and the return spring is disposed on the outer circumference of the valve stem, the block and the piston are
  • An upper chamber is formed between the outer circumferences of the valve stem, the oil inlet port communicates with the lower chamber, the oil outlet port communicates with the upper chamber, and the oil return port communicates with the oil returning cavity; the oil valve and the valve stem are disposed in the valve stem
  • a safety valve passage is arranged above the inner oil passage, and oil holes are symmetrically arranged on both
  • the throttle valve When the clutch pedal is not depressed, the throttle valve is in an open state, and the hydraulic oil in the constant flow pump enters the lower chamber through the oil inlet port, flows into the piston from the oil hole of the connecting block, and enters the oil passage of the valve stem upward.
  • the oil hole on the lower side of the valve stem enters the upper chamber, and flows into the hydraulic steering gear through the oil outlet.
  • the oil pressure flowing into the oil inlet port is less than 3 MPa, and the oil pressure in the upper chamber and the lower chamber in the boosting cylinder is equal, so that the boosting cylinder The pressure inside is balanced.
  • the clutch pedal In normal use, the clutch pedal is pressed, the top plate of the clutch pedal is lifted up to the throttle valve in the piston rod, the throttle valve is in a semi-closed state, and the conical head of the throttle valve is upwardly inserted into the bell mouth of the valve stem to enter the oil inlet.
  • the oil pressure is 3-10 MPa, the flow rate of the hydraulic oil in the piston into the oil passage in the valve stem is reduced, the flow into the upper chamber is reduced, the oil pressure in the lower chamber is increased, and the piston is pushed along the assist cylinder.
  • the inner wall moves upward, the piston drives the piston rod to move upward, and the piston rod drives the clutch rod to generate an upward pulling force through the connecting fork; the throttle valve moves up and down to control the flow into the oil passage to generate different thrust, and the cone head is close to the bell mouth, and the lower chamber is inside.
  • the increase in oil pressure increases the thrust of the piston.
  • the conical head is away from the bell mouth, the oil pressure in the lower chamber decreases and the thrust of the piston decreases.
  • the elastic coefficient of the return spring is 1.58 N/mm - 1.54 N / Mm, when the oil pressure in the lower chamber is greater than the oil pressure in the upper chamber, the hydraulic pressure in the lower chamber is greater than the spring force of the return spring to the piston, and the piston moves upward; when the oil pressure in the lower chamber is less than or equal to the oil pressure in the upper chamber In the lower chamber Is smaller than the thrust force of the piston return spring force of the piston, the return spring pushes the piston return downward, so that the piston rod clevis and down the clutch lever original position.
  • the hydraulic oil in the oil passage flows into the safety valve passage, flows into the oil return cavity through the oil hole, and flows into the constant flow pump tank from the oil return port; when the steering wheel is turned back, the oil pressure entering the oil inlet port is less than 12 MPa, and the oil passage is in the oil passage.
  • the hydraulic pressure on the safety valve is less than the elastic force of the safety valve spring to the safety valve, and the safety valve spring pushes the safety valve downward to return to the original position, so that the oil passage
  • the hydraulic oil inside stops flowing into the safety valve passage.
  • the elastic coefficient of the safety valve spring is 2.11N/mm-2.0N/mm.
  • the sliding stroke of the piston of the piston rod is 59 mm-60 mm, and the distance between the lower end of the valve stem and the end surface of the connecting block is 58.5 mm - 59.5 mm.
  • the utility model has the beneficial effects that the clutch pedal connects the boosting cylinder and the clutch rod through the connecting fork, and the boosting cylinder is supplied with pressure by the tractor's steering constant current pump output pipeline, and the piston rod of the boosting cylinder is connected with the clutch rod through the connecting fork when driving
  • the throttle valve in the piston rod is first powered to generate a pressure difference between the upper chamber and the lower chamber in the boost cylinder, and the piston rod is pulled to pull the clutch lever to separate the clutch, thereby achieving easy clutching.
  • the control increases the torque reserve coefficient of the clutch, reduces the driver's steering force, and improves the driver's operating comfort.
  • the invention has the advantages of simple structure, novel design idea, reasonable design, convenient operation, ideal use effect, low manufacturing cost, good product quality, firmness and durability, long-term use and not easy to be damaged, and is suitable for general application.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of the final assembly
  • Fig. 1 clutch pedal 1, top plate 1-2, return spring 2, connecting fork 3, clutch lever 4, boosting cylinder 5, oil inlet 6, oil outlet 7, oil return port 8, block 9, reset Spring 10, valve stem 11, oil passage 11-2, safety valve passage 11-3, tightening screw 11-4, safety valve spring 11-5, safety valve 11-6, bell mouth 11-7, oil return cavity 12.
  • the clutch pedal 1 is connected to the fixing bracket of the cab through the return spring 2, and the top plate 1-2 of the clutch pedal 1 is disposed in the U-shaped connecting fork 3, and the U-shaped port of the connecting fork 3 is connected to the clutch lever 4 through the connecting pin, and is connected.
  • the middle portion of the fork 3 is connected with the piston rod 15 of the boosting cylinder 5; the boosting cylinder 5 is provided with the oil inlet 6, the oil outlet 7, the oil return port 8, and the inlet port 6 and the output of the steering constant current pump from bottom to top.
  • Set the hose set the hose between the oil outlet 7 and the hydraulic steering oil inlet, and set the hose between the oil return port 8 and the oil inlet of the steering constant flow pump tank.
  • the lifting cylinder is arranged above the boosting cylinder 5, and the boosting cylinder 5 in the middle of the middle is provided with blocking block 9, the upper part of the blocking block 9 in the boosting cylinder 5 constitutes the oil returning cavity 12, and the inner hole of the blocking block 9 is provided with the valve stem 11;
  • a connecting block 15-5 is disposed between one end of the piston rod 15 in the force cylinder 5 and the piston 15-4, and the piston rod 15, the connecting block 15-5 and the piston 15-4 are integrally formed, and the piston 15-4 is integrally formed.
  • the oil hole 16 is symmetrically disposed on both sides of the connecting block 15-5, and the lower cavity 14 is formed between the connecting block 15-5 and the inner wall of the boosting cylinder 5, and the inner block of the boosting cylinder 5 is blocked.
  • a return spring 10 is disposed between the piston 9 and the piston 15-4. The return spring 10 is disposed on the outer circumference of the valve stem 11, and the upper chamber 13 is formed between the block 9, the piston 15-4 and the outer periphery of the valve stem 11, and the oil inlet port is formed.
  • the oil outlet 7 is in communication with the upper chamber 13
  • the oil return port 8 is in communication with the oil returning cavity 12
  • the oil passage 11-2 is disposed in the valve stem 11, and the oil passage 11 in the valve stem 11 is disposed.
  • the safety valve passage 11-3 is disposed above the -2, and the oil hole 16 is symmetrically disposed on both sides of the valve rod 11, and the oil hole 16 communicates with the safety valve passage 11-3, and the diameter of the safety valve passage 11-3 is larger than the oil
  • the diameter of the road 11-2, the topping screw 11-4, the safety valve spring 11-5, the safety valve 11-6 are arranged in the safety valve passage 11-3 from top to bottom, and the oil holes are symmetrically arranged on the lower side of the valve stem 11 16, the oil hole 16 and the oil passage 11-2 is connected;
  • the inner cavity of the piston rod 15 is movably provided with a throttle valve 15-2, one end of the throttle valve 15-2 protrudes from the piston rod 15 and is in contact with the top plate 1-2, and the other end protrudes from the piston rod 15
  • the conical head 15-3 is provided with a bell mouth 11-7 corresponding to the conical head 15-3 below the valve stem 11.
  • the throttle valve 15-2 When the clutch pedal 1 is not depressed, the throttle valve 15-2 is in an open state, and the hydraulic oil in the steering constant flow pump enters the lower chamber 13 through the oil inlet port 6, and flows into the piston from the oil hole 16 of the connecting block 15-5.
  • the oil passage 11-2 that enters the valve stem 11 upward enters the upper chamber 13 through the oil hole 16 on both sides below the valve stem 11, flows into the hydraulic steering gear through the oil outlet port 7, and flows into the oil of the oil inlet port 6
  • the pressure is less than 3 MPa, the oil pressure in the upper chamber 13 and the lower chamber 14 in the assist cylinder 5 is equal, and the pressure in the boost cylinder 5 is maintained in equilibrium.
  • the clutch pedal 1 In normal use, the clutch pedal 1 is stepped on, the top plate 1-2 of the clutch pedal 1 is lifted up the throttle valve 15-2 in the piston rod 15, the throttle valve 15-2 is in a semi-closed state, and the throttle valve 15-2
  • the conical head 15-3 enters the bell mouth 11-7 of the valve stem 11 upward, the oil pressure entering the oil inlet port 6 is 3-10 MPa, and the hydraulic oil in the piston 15-4 enters the oil passage 11 in the valve stem 11
  • the flow rate of 2 is reduced, the flow rate into the upper chamber 13 is decreased, the oil pressure in the lower chamber 14 is increased, the piston 15-4 is pushed upward along the inner wall of the boost cylinder 5, and the piston 15-4 drives the piston rod 15 to move upward.
  • the piston rod 15 drives the clutch rod 4 to generate an upward pulling force through the connecting fork 3; the throttle valve 15-2 moves up and down to control the flow into the oil passage 11-2 to generate different thrusts, and the conical head 15-3 is close to the bell mouth 11-7
  • the oil pressure in the lower chamber 14 increases, the thrust of the piston 15-4 increases, and when the conical head 15-3 moves away from the bell mouth 11-7, the oil pressure in the lower chamber 14 decreases to the thrust of the piston 15-4.
  • the elastic modulus of the return spring 10 is 1.58 N/mm - 1.54 N/mm, and the oil pressure in the lower chamber 14 is greater than the oil pressure in the upper chamber 13.
  • piston 15-4 moves upward; when the oil pressure in the lower chamber 14 is less than or equal to the oil pressure in the upper chamber 13, the hydraulic pressure in the lower chamber 14 is less than the return spring 10 to the piston 15-4.
  • the return spring 10 pushes the piston 15-4 downward, and the piston rod 15 and the connecting fork 3 lower the clutch lever 4 downward.
  • the elastic force of the safety valve 11-6 causes the safety valve 11-6 to move upward along the inner wall of the safety valve passage 11-5, and the hydraulic oil in the oil passage 11-2 flows into the safety valve passage 11-5 and flows through the oil hole 16
  • the oil returning inner chamber 12 flows from the oil return port 8 into the steering constant current pump oil tank; when the steering wheel is turned back and the oil pressure entering the oil inlet port 6 is less than 12 MPa, the oil pressure in the oil passage 11-2 is applied to the safety valve 11-
  • the thrust of 6 is less than the elastic force of the safety valve spring 11-5 to the safety valve 11-6, and the safety valve spring 11-5 pushes the safety valve 11-6 downward to return to the original position, so that the hydraulic oil in the oil passage 11-2 stops flowing into safety.
  • the valve passage 11-5, the elastic modulus of the safety valve spring 11-5 is 2.11 N/mm-2.0 N/mm, and at the same time, the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic steering gear normally flows out, so that the hydraulic oil in the upper chamber 13 is normal. Hydraulic Is to flow, the power cylinders 5 to normal use state.
  • the sliding stroke of the piston 15-4 of the piston rod 15 is 59 mm-60 mm, and the distance between the lower end of the valve stem 11 and the end surface of the connecting block 15-5 is 58.5 mm - 59.5 mm.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Hydraulic Clutches, Magnetic Clutches, Fluid Clutches, And Fluid Joints (AREA)

Abstract

一种带液压助力的拖拉机离合器操纵装置的操作方法，离合器踏板（1）通过连接叉（3）将助力油缸（5）与离合器拉杆（4）连接，助力油缸（5）由拖拉机的转向恒流泵输出管路提供压力，助力油缸（5）的活塞杆（15）通过连接叉（3）与离合器拉杆（4）连接，当驾驶员踩下离合器踏板（1）时，首先对活塞杆（15）内的节流阀（15-2）提供动力，使助力油缸（5）内的上腔（13）与下腔（14）产生压力差，推动活塞杆（15）拉动离合器拉杆（4），使离合器分离，实现了对离合器的轻松控制，加大了离合器的扭矩储备系数，减小了驾驶员的操纵力，提高了驾驶员的操作舒适度。

Description

一种带液压助力的拖拉机离合器操纵装置的操作方法 技术领域
本发明涉及拖拉机离合器控制技术领域，尤其是一种带液压助力的拖拉机离合器操纵装置的操作方法。
背景技术
目前，很多拖拉机的离合器分离系统采用的都是机械式操纵机构，随着拖拉机功率的不断提高，对离合器的扭矩传递能力要求也越高，要加大离合器的扭矩储备系数，通常采用加大离合器摩擦片直径和加大碟形弹簧压紧力两种方法，但是由于结构限制，离合器摩擦片直径可加大的空间非常有限，因此往往采用加大碟形弹簧压紧力的方法来提高离合器扭矩储备系数，碟形弹簧压紧力的增大导致了离合器踏板操纵力沉重，增加了驾驶员的劳动强度，大大降低了拖拉机的操纵舒适性。
鉴于上述原因，现研发出一种带液压助力的拖拉机离合器操纵装置的操作方法。
发明内容
本发明的目的是为了克服现有技术中的不足，提供一种带液压助力的拖拉机离合器操纵装置的操作方法，离合器踏板通过连接叉将助力油缸与离合器拉杆连接，助力油缸由拖拉机的转向恒流泵输出管路提供压力，助力油缸的活塞杆通过连接叉与离合器拉杆连接，当驾驶员踩下离合器踏板时，首先对活塞杆内的节流阀提供动力，使助力油缸内的上腔与下腔产生压力差，推动活塞杆拉动离合器拉杆，使离合器分离，实现了对离合器的轻松控制。
本发明为了实现上述目的，采用如下技术方案：一种带液压助力的拖拉机离合器操纵装置的操作方法，所述带液压助力的拖拉机离合器操纵装置，是由：离合器踏板、顶板、回位弹簧、连接叉、离合器拉杆、助力油缸、进油口、出油口、回油口、堵块、复位弹簧、阀杆、油道、安全阀通道、顶紧螺丝、安全阀弹簧、安全阀、喇叭口、回油空腔、上腔、下腔、活塞杆、节流阀、圆锥头、活塞、连接块、油孔构成；离合器踏板通过回位弹簧与驾驶室的固定支架连接，离合器踏板的顶板设置在U形连接叉内，连接叉的U形口通过连接销与离合器拉杆连接，连接叉的中部与助力油缸的活塞杆连接；助力油缸由下至上依次设置进油口、出油口、回油口，进油口与转向恒流泵输出口之间设置软管，出油口与液压转向器进油口之间 设置软管，回油口与转向恒流泵油箱进油口之间设置软管，助力油缸上方设置吊耳，助力油缸内中部设置堵块，助力油缸内堵块上方构成回油空腔，堵块的内孔设置阀杆；助力油缸内活塞杆的一端与活塞之间设置连接块，所述的活塞杆、连接块和活塞一体成形，所述的活塞设置在助力油缸内壁与阀杆之间，连接块的两侧对称设置油孔，连接块与助力油缸内壁之间构成下腔，助力油缸内堵块与活塞之间设置复位弹簧，复位弹簧设置在阀杆的外周，堵块、活塞与阀杆外周之间构成上腔，所述的进油口与下腔连通，出油口与上腔连通，回油口与回油空腔连通；所述的阀杆内设置油道，阀杆内油道上方设置安全阀通道，阀杆上方两侧对称设置油孔，所述的油孔与安全阀通道连通，所述安全阀通道的直径大于油道的直径，安全阀通道内由上至下依次设置顶紧螺丝、安全阀弹簧、安全阀，阀杆下方两侧对称设置油孔，所述的油孔与油道连通；所述的活塞杆的内腔活动设置节流阀，节流阀的一端突出活塞杆并与顶板接触，另一端突出活塞杆设置圆锥头，所述的阀杆下方对应圆锥头设置喇叭口。
当离合器踏板未被踩下时，节流阀处于打开状态，转向恒流泵内的液压油经进油口进入下腔，从连接块的油孔流入活塞内，向上进入阀杆的油道，经阀杆下方两侧的油孔进入上腔，经出油口流入液压转向器，流入进油口的油压小于3兆帕，助力油缸内上腔与下腔的油压相等，使助力油缸内的压力保持平衡状态。
正常使用时，脚踩离合器踏板，离合器踏板的顶板向上顶起活塞杆内的节流阀，节流阀处于半封闭状态，节流阀的圆锥头向上进入阀杆的喇叭口，进入进油口的油压为3～10兆帕，活塞内的液压油进入阀杆内油道的流量减小，流入上腔内的流量减小，使下腔内的油压增大，推动活塞沿助力油缸内壁向上移动，活塞带动活塞杆向上移动，活塞杆通过连接叉带动离合器拉杆产生向上的拉力；节流阀上下移动控制流入油道的流量产生不同的推力，圆锥头靠近喇叭口时，下腔内的油压增大对活塞的推力增大，圆锥头远离喇叭口时，下腔内的油压减小对活塞的推力减小，所述复位弹簧的弹性系数为1.58N/mm-1.54N/mm，下腔内油压大于上腔内油压时，下腔内油压对活塞的推力大于复位弹簧对活塞的弹力，活塞向上移动；下腔内油压小于或等于上腔内油压时，下腔内油压对活塞的推力小于复位弹簧对活塞的弹力，复位弹簧推动活塞向下复位，活塞杆和连接叉向下使离合器拉杆恢复原位。
转向时，将方向盘打死，液压转向器内的液压油停止流出，使上腔内的液压油停止向液压转向器流动，进入进油口的油压大于12兆帕，下腔、上腔和油道内的油压随着进油口油压的增大而增大，油道内的油压对安全阀的推力大于安全阀弹簧对安全阀的弹力，使安全阀沿安全阀通道内壁向上移动，油道内的液压油流入安全阀通道，经油孔流入回油内腔，从回油口流入转向恒流泵油箱；方向盘转回，进入进油口的油压小于12兆帕时，油道内的油压对安全阀的推力小于安全阀弹簧对安全阀的弹力，安全阀弹簧推动安全阀向下恢复原位，使油道 内的液压油停止流入安全阀通道，所述的安全阀弹簧的弹性系数为2.11N/mm-2.0N/mm，同时，液压转向器内的液压油正常流出，使上腔内的液压油正常向液压转向器流动，助力油缸内恢复为正常使用状态。
所述活塞杆的活塞的滑动行程为59mm-60mm，阀杆下端与连接块端面之间的距离为58.5mm-59.5mm。
本发明的有益效果是：离合器踏板通过连接叉将助力油缸与离合器拉杆连接，助力油缸由拖拉机的转向恒流泵输出管路提供压力，助力油缸的活塞杆通过连接叉与离合器拉杆连接，当驾驶员踩下离合器踏板时，首先对活塞杆内的节流阀提供动力，使助力油缸内的上腔与下腔产生压力差，推动活塞杆拉动离合器拉杆，使离合器分离，实现了对离合器的轻松控制，加大了离合器的扭矩储备系数，减小了驾驶员的操纵力，提高了驾驶员的操作舒适度。
本发明结构简单，设计思路新颖，设计合理，操作方便，使用效果理想，制造成本低，产品质量好，结实耐用，可长期使用不易损坏，适合普遍推广应用。
附图说明
下面结合附图对本发明作进一步说明：
图1是，总装剖面结构示意图；
图1中：离合器踏板1、顶板1-2、回位弹簧2、连接叉3、离合器拉杆4、助力油缸5、进油口6、出油口7、回油口8、堵块9、复位弹簧10、阀杆11、油道11-2、安全阀通道11-3、顶紧螺丝11-4、安全阀弹簧11-5、安全阀11-6、喇叭口11-7、回油空腔12、上腔13、下腔14、活塞杆15、节流阀15-2、圆锥头15-3、活塞15-4、连接块15-5、油孔16。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例与具体实施方式对本发明作进一步详细说明：
实施例1
离合器踏板1通过回位弹簧2与驾驶室的固定支架连接，离合器踏板1的顶板1-2设置在U形连接叉3内，连接叉3的U形口通过连接销与离合器拉杆4连接，连接叉3的中部与助力油缸5的活塞杆15连接；助力油缸5由下至上依次设置进油口6、出油口7、回油口8，进油口6与转向恒流泵输出口之间设置软管，出油口7与液压转向器进油口之间设置软管，回油口8与转向恒流泵油箱进油口之间设置软管，助力油缸5上方设置吊耳，助力油缸5内中部设置堵块9，助力油缸5内堵块9上方构成回油空腔12，堵块9的内孔设置阀杆11；助 力油缸5内活塞杆15的一端与活塞15-4之间设置连接块15-5，所述的活塞杆15、连接块15-5和活塞15-4一体成形，所述的活塞15-4设置在助力油缸5内壁与阀杆11之间，连接块15-5的两侧对称设置油孔16，连接块15-5与助力油缸5内壁之间构成下腔14，助力油缸5内堵块9与活塞15-4之间设置复位弹簧10，复位弹簧10设置在阀杆11的外周，堵块9、活塞15-4与阀杆11外周之间构成上腔13，所述的进油口6与下腔14连通，出油口7与上腔13连通，回油口8与回油空腔12连通；所述的阀杆11内设置油道11-2，阀杆11内油道11-2上方设置安全阀通道11-3，阀杆11上方两侧对称设置油孔16，所述的油孔16与安全阀通道11-3连通，所述安全阀通道11-3的直径大于油道11-2的直径，安全阀通道11-3内由上至下依次设置顶紧螺丝11-4、安全阀弹簧11-5、安全阀11-6，阀杆11下方两侧对称设置油孔16，所述的油孔16与油道11-2连通；所述的活塞杆15的内腔活动设置节流阀15-2，节流阀15-2的一端突出活塞杆15并与顶板1-2接触，另一端突出活塞杆15设置圆锥头15-3，所述的阀杆11下方对应圆锥头15-3设置喇叭口11-7。
实施例2
当离合器踏板1未被踩下时，节流阀15-2处于打开状态，转向恒流泵内的液压油经进油口6进入下腔13，从连接块15-5的油孔16流入活塞15-4内，向上进入阀杆11的油道11-2，经阀杆11下方两侧的油孔16进入上腔13，经出油口7流入液压转向器，流入进油口6的油压小于3兆帕，助力油缸5内上腔13与下腔14的油压相等，使助力油缸5内的压力保持平衡状态。
实施例3
正常使用时，脚踩离合器踏板1，离合器踏板1的顶板1-2向上顶起活塞杆15内的节流阀15-2，节流阀15-2处于半封闭状态，节流阀15-2的圆锥头15-3向上进入阀杆11的喇叭口11-7，进入进油口6的油压为3～10兆帕，活塞15-4内的液压油进入阀杆11内油道11-2的流量减小，流入上腔13内的流量减小，使下腔14内的油压增大，推动活塞15-4沿助力油缸5内壁向上移动，活塞15-4带动活塞杆15向上移动，活塞杆15通过连接叉3带动离合器拉杆4产生向上的拉力；节流阀15-2上下移动控制流入油道11-2的流量产生不同的推力，圆锥头15-3靠近喇叭口11-7时，下腔14内的油压增大对活塞15-4的推力增大，圆锥头15-3远离喇叭口11-7时，下腔14内的油压减小对活塞15-4的推力减小，所述复位弹簧10的弹性系数为1.58N/mm-1.54N/mm，下腔14内油压大于上腔13内油压时，下腔14内油压对活塞15-4的推力大于复位弹簧10对活塞15-4的弹力，活塞15-4向上移动；下腔14内油压小于或等于上腔13内油压时，下腔14内油压对活塞15-4的推力小于复位弹簧10对活塞15-4的弹力，复位弹簧10推动活塞15-4向下复位，活塞杆15和连接叉3向下使离合器拉杆4恢复原位。
实施例4
转向时，将方向盘打死，液压转向器内的液压油停止流出，使上腔13内的液压油停止向液压转向器流动，进入进油口6的油压大于12兆帕，下腔14、上腔13和油道11-2内的油压随着进油口6油压的增大而增大，油道11-2内的油压对安全阀11-6的推力大于安全阀弹簧11-5对安全阀11-6的弹力，使安全阀11-6沿安全阀通道11-5内壁向上移动，油道11-2内的液压油流入安全阀通道11-5，经油孔16流入回油内腔12，从回油口8流入转向恒流泵油箱；方向盘转回，进入进油口6的油压小于12兆帕时，油道11-2内的油压对安全阀11-6的推力小于安全阀弹簧11-5对安全阀11-6的弹力，安全阀弹簧11-5推动安全阀11-6向下恢复原位，使油道11-2内的液压油停止流入安全阀通道11-5，所述的安全阀弹簧11-5的弹性系数为2.11N/mm-2.0N/mm，同时，液压转向器内的液压油正常流出，使上腔13内的液压油正常向液压转向器流动，助力油缸5内恢复为正常使用状态。
实施例5
所述活塞杆15的活塞15-4的滑动行程为59mm-60mm，阀杆11下端与连接块15-5端面之间的距离为58.5mm-59.5mm。

Claims (5)

  1. 一种带液压助力的拖拉机离合器操纵装置的操作方法，所述带液压助力的拖拉机离合器操纵装置，是由：离合器踏板(1)、顶板(1-2)、回位弹簧(2)、连接叉(3)、离合器拉杆(4)、助力油缸(5)、进油口(6)、出油口(7)、回油口(8)、堵块(9)、复位弹簧(10)、阀杆(11)、油道(11-2)、安全阀通道(11-3)、顶紧螺丝(11-4)、安全阀弹簧(11-5)、安全阀(11-6)、喇叭口(11-7)、回油空腔(12)、上腔(13)、下腔(14)、活塞杆(15)、节流阀(15-2)、圆锥头(15-3)、活塞(15-4)、连接块(15-5)、油孔(16)构成；其特征在于：离合器踏板(1)通过回位弹簧(2)与驾驶室的固定支架连接，离合器踏板(1)的顶板(1-2)设置在U形连接叉(3)内，连接叉(3)的U形口通过连接销与离合器拉杆(4)连接，连接叉(3)的中部与助力油缸(5)的活塞杆(15)连接；助力油缸(5)由下至上依次设置进油口(6)、出油口(7)、回油口(8)，进油口(6)与转向恒流泵输出口之间设置软管，出油口(7)与液压转向器进油口之间设置软管，回油口(8)与转向恒流泵油箱进油口之间设置软管，助力油缸(5)上方设置吊耳，助力油缸(5)内中部设置堵块(9)，助力油缸(5)内堵块(9)上方构成回油空腔(12)，堵块(9)的内孔设置阀杆(11)；助力油缸(5)内活塞杆(15)的一端与活塞(15-4)之间设置连接块(15-5)，所述的活塞杆(15)、连接块(15-5)和活塞(15-4)一体成形，所述的活塞(15-4)设置在助力油缸(5)内壁与阀杆(11)之间，连接块(15-5)的两侧对称设置油孔(16)，连接块(15-5)与助力油缸(5)内壁之间构成下腔(14)，助力油缸(5)内堵块(9)与活塞(15-4)之间设置复位弹簧(10)，复位弹簧(10)设置在阀杆(11)的外周，堵块(9)、活塞(15-4)与阀杆(11)外周之间构成上腔(13)，所述的进油口(6)与下腔(14)连通，出油口(7)与上腔(13)连通，回油口(8)与回油空腔(12)连通；所述的阀杆(11)内设置油道(11-2)，阀杆(11)内油道(11-2)上方设置安全阀通道(11-3)，阀杆(11)上方两侧对称设置油孔(16)，所述的油孔(16)与安全阀通道(11-3)连通，所述安全阀通道(11-3)的直径大于油道(11-2)的直径，安全阀通道(11-3)内由上至下依次设置顶紧螺丝(11-4)、安全阀弹簧(11-5)、安全阀(11-6)，阀杆(11)下方两侧对称设置油孔(16)，所述的油孔(16)与油道(11-2)连通；所述的活塞杆(15)的内腔活动设置节流阀(15-2)，节流阀(15-2)的一端突出活塞杆(15)并与顶板(1-2)接触，另一端突出活塞杆(15)设置圆锥头(15-3)，所述的阀杆(11)下方对应圆锥头(15-3)设置喇叭口(11-7)。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种带液压助力的拖拉机离合器操纵装置的操作方法，其特征在于：当离合器踏板(1)未被踩下时，节流阀(15-2)处于打开状态，转向恒流泵内的液压油经进油口(6)进入下腔(13)，从连接块(15-5)的油孔(16)流入活塞(15-4)内，向上进入阀杆(11)的油道(11-2)，经阀杆(11)下方两侧的油孔(16)进入上腔(13)，经 出油口(7)流入液压转向器，流入进油口(6)的油压小于3兆帕，助力油缸(5)内上腔(13)与下腔(14)的油压相等，使助力油缸(5)内的压力保持平衡状态。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的一种带液压助力的拖拉机离合器操纵装置的操作方法，其特征在于：正常使用时，脚踩离合器踏板(1)，离合器踏板(1)的顶板(1-2)向上顶起活塞杆(15)内的节流阀(15-2)，节流阀(15-2)处于半封闭状态，节流阀(15-2)的圆锥头(15-3)向上进入阀杆(11)的喇叭口(11-7)，进入进油口(6)的油压为3～10兆帕，活塞(15-4)内的液压油进入阀杆(11)内油道(11-2)的流量减小，流入上腔(13)内的流量减小，使下腔(14)内的油压增大，推动活塞(15-4)沿助力油缸(5)内壁向上移动，活塞(15-4)带动活塞杆(15)向上移动，活塞杆(15)通过连接叉(3)带动离合器拉杆(4)产生向上的拉力；节流阀(15-2)上下移动控制流入油道(11-2)的流量产生不同的推力，圆锥头(15-3)靠近喇叭口(11-7)时，下腔(14)内的油压增大对活塞(15-4)的推力增大，圆锥头(15-3)远离喇叭口(11-7)时，下腔(14)内的油压减小对活塞(15-4)的推力减小，所述复位弹簧(10)的弹性系数为1.58N/mm-1.54N/mm，下腔(14)内油压大于上腔(13)内油压时，下腔(14)内油压对活塞(15-4)的推力大于复位弹簧(10)对活塞(15-4)的弹力，活塞(15-4)向上移动；下腔(14)内油压小于或等于上腔(13)内油压时，下腔(14)内油压对活塞(15-4)的推力小于复位弹簧(10)对活塞(15-4)的弹力，复位弹簧(10)推动活塞(15-4)向下复位，活塞杆(15)和连接叉(3)向下使离合器拉杆(4)恢复原位。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的一种带液压助力的拖拉机离合器操纵装置的操作方法，其特征在于：转向时，将方向盘打死，液压转向器内的液压油停止流出，使上腔(13)内的液压油停止向液压转向器流动，进入进油口(6)的油压大于12兆帕，下腔(14)、上腔(13)和油道(11-2)内的油压随着进油口(6)油压的增大而增大，油道(11-2)内的油压对安全阀(11-6)的推力大于安全阀弹簧(11-5)对安全阀(11-6)的弹力，使安全阀(11-6)沿安全阀通道11-5内壁向上移动，油道(11-2)内的液压油流入安全阀通道11-5，经油孔(16)流入回油内腔(12)，从回油口(8)流入转向恒流泵油箱；方向盘转回，进入进油口(6)的油压小于12兆帕时，油道(11-2)内的油压对安全阀(11-6)的推力小于安全阀弹簧(11-5)对安全阀(11-6)的弹力，安全阀弹簧(11-5)推动安全阀(11-6)向下恢复原位，使油道(11-2)内的液压油停止流入安全阀通道11-5，所述的安全阀弹簧(11-5)的弹性系数为2.11N/mm-2.0N/mm，同时，液压转向器内的液压油正常流出，使上腔(13)内的液压油正常向液压转向器流动，助力油缸(5)内恢复为正常使用状态。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的一种带液压助力的拖拉机离合器操纵装置的操作方法，其特征在于：所述活塞杆(15)的活塞(15-4)的滑动行程为59mm-60mm，阀杆(11)下端与连接 块(15-5)端面之间的距离为58.5mm-59.5mm。
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