WO2016140021A1 - セラミックス円筒形ターゲット材および円筒形スパッタリングターゲット - Google Patents
セラミックス円筒形ターゲット材および円筒形スパッタリングターゲット Download PDFInfo
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- WO2016140021A1 WO2016140021A1 PCT/JP2016/053743 JP2016053743W WO2016140021A1 WO 2016140021 A1 WO2016140021 A1 WO 2016140021A1 JP 2016053743 W JP2016053743 W JP 2016053743W WO 2016140021 A1 WO2016140021 A1 WO 2016140021A1
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- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/22—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the process of coating
- C23C14/34—Sputtering
- C23C14/3407—Cathode assembly for sputtering apparatus, e.g. Target
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- C04B37/00—Joining burned ceramic articles with other burned ceramic articles or other articles by heating
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- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
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- C04B37/00—Joining burned ceramic articles with other burned ceramic articles or other articles by heating
- C04B37/02—Joining burned ceramic articles with other burned ceramic articles or other articles by heating with metallic articles
- C04B37/023—Joining burned ceramic articles with other burned ceramic articles or other articles by heating with metallic articles characterised by the interlayer used
- C04B37/026—Joining burned ceramic articles with other burned ceramic articles or other articles by heating with metallic articles characterised by the interlayer used consisting of metals or metal salts
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/22—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the process of coating
- C23C14/34—Sputtering
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/22—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the process of coating
- C23C14/34—Sputtering
- C23C14/3407—Cathode assembly for sputtering apparatus, e.g. Target
- C23C14/3414—Metallurgical or chemical aspects of target preparation, e.g. casting, powder metallurgy
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3217—Aluminum oxide or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. bauxite, alpha-alumina
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3284—Zinc oxides, zincates, cadmium oxides, cadmiates, mercury oxides, mercurates or oxide forming salts thereof
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3286—Gallium oxides, gallates, indium oxides, indates, thallium oxides, thallates or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. zinc gallate
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3293—Tin oxides, stannates or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. indium tin oxide [ITO]
Definitions
- the disclosed embodiment relates to a ceramic cylindrical target material and a cylindrical sputtering target.
- a magnetron type rotary cathode sputtering apparatus that has a magnetic field generator inside a cylindrical target material, and performs sputtering while rotating the target material while cooling the target material from the inside.
- the entire outer peripheral surface of the target material becomes erosion and is uniformly cut.
- the use efficiency is 20 to 30% in the conventional flat plate type magnetron sputtering apparatus, while the remarkably high use efficiency of 70% or more is obtained in the magnetron type rotary cathode sputtering apparatus.
- the magnetron type rotary cathode sputtering apparatus by performing sputtering while rotating the target material, a large power can be input per unit area as compared with the flat plate type magnetron sputtering apparatus, so that a high deposition rate can be obtained.
- a rotating cathode sputtering method a method using a metal target material that is easy to be processed into a cylindrical shape and has high mechanical strength is widely used.
- a ceramic target material has a characteristic that its mechanical strength is low and brittle compared to a metal target material.
- the target material is caused by the difference in thermal expansion between the cylindrical target material and the backing tube. Cracks are likely to occur. For this reason, measures for overcoming these problems have been studied for ceramic cylindrical target materials.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a technique for suppressing cracking during bonding in a cylindrical sputtering target in which a ceramic cylindrical target material having a relative density of 95% or more is bonded to a cylindrical substrate using a low melting point solder. Yes. However, no consideration is given to countermeasures against cracking of the target material during sputtering.
- Patent Document 2 discloses a technique for suppressing cracks occurring at the initial stage of sputtering by controlling the grinding angle and the surface roughness of the outer peripheral surface of a ceramic cylindrical target material.
- the surface roughness of the outer peripheral surface is caused by cracking of the target material in a very short period immediately after the start of sputtering, and this technique cannot suppress cracking of the target material during sputtering, particularly at the end of sputtering.
- Patent Literature 3 in a cylindrical sputtering target in which a ceramic cylindrical target material and a cylindrical base material are bonded with a bonding material, the area of the portion where the bonding material does not exist is reduced to reduce cracking of the target material during sputtering.
- a technique for reducing chipping, abnormal discharge, and nodules is disclosed.
- the technical content of this document is insufficient to suppress cracking of the ceramic cylindrical target material.
- the above-described conventional technology still does not provide a ceramic cylindrical target material and a cylindrical sputtering target that are sufficiently resistant to cracking, and there is room for further improvement.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a ceramic cylindrical target material and a cylindrical sputtering target that can further suppress the occurrence of cracking up to the life end.
- the surface roughness Ra of the inner peripheral surface is 1.2 ⁇ m or less.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an outline of the configuration of a ceramic cylindrical target material and a cylindrical sputtering target.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line A-A ′ of FIG.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an outline of the configuration of a cylindrical sputtering target
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A ′ of FIG.
- FIGS. 1 and 2 illustrate a three-dimensional orthogonal coordinate system including a Z-axis in which a vertical upward direction is a positive direction and a vertical downward direction is a negative direction.
- a cylindrical sputtering target (hereinafter referred to as “cylindrical target”) 1 includes a ceramic cylindrical target material (hereinafter referred to as “cylindrical target material”) 2 and a backing tube. 3. The cylindrical target material 2 and the backing tube 3 are joined by a joining material 4.
- the cylindrical target material 2 is composed of ceramics formed in a cylindrical shape having an outer peripheral surface 2a and an inner peripheral surface 2b having concentric cross sections and end surfaces 2c1 and 2c2 that define both ends in the length direction.
- the ceramic constituting the cylindrical target material 2 include oxides containing at least one of In, Zn, Al, Ga, Zr, Ti, Sn, Mg, and Si.
- Sn In 2 O 3 —SnO 2
- Sn content 1 to 10% by mass in terms of SnO 2
- Ga IGZO In 2 O 3 —Ga 2 O 3 —ZnO
- Zn Al content of Al content of from 0.1 to 5% by weight of AZO (Al 2 O 3 -ZnO)
- Zn is exemplified such as 1-15% by weight of IZO (in 2 O 3 -ZnO) in terms of ZnO at 2 O 3 in terms of Can be, but is not limited to.
- the end faces 2c1 and 2c2 are collectively referred to as both end faces 2c.
- the backing tube 3 is a cylindrical member formed so as to be able to be inserted into the hollow portion of the cylindrical target material 2, and is also referred to as a base material in the cylindrical target 1.
- a conventionally used material can be appropriately selected and used.
- stainless steel, titanium, titanium alloy, or the like can be applied as the backing tube 3, but is not limited thereto.
- the bonding material 4 bonds the inner peripheral surface 2b of the cylindrical target material 2 and the outer peripheral surface 3a of the backing tube 3.
- a conventionally used one can be appropriately selected and used.
- indium, indium-tin alloy, or the like can be applied as the bonding material 4, but is not limited thereto.
- the flat plate type target material used in the conventional flat plate type magnetron sputtering apparatus has low use efficiency, and the target material remaining after use is about half the thickness of the target material before use.
- the risk of cracking due to the decline was low. Therefore, flat target materials are rarely considered for cracking during sputtering, and in particular, the surface shape of the joint surface with the base material, also referred to as a backing plate, has not been considered. Similarly, the surface shape on the inner peripheral surface 2b side has not been considered at all in the cylindrical target so far.
- the outer peripheral surface 2a of the cylindrical target material 2 becomes a sputter surface, and the cylindrical target material 2 is sequentially consumed from the outer peripheral surface 2a side by sputtering. Is done.
- the cylindrical target material 2 used in the cylindrical target 1 has a higher usage efficiency than the above-described flat target material, and the thickness of the cylindrical target material 2 generally increases from the outer peripheral surface 2a side as it is used. getting thin.
- the inner peripheral surface 2b of the cylindrical target material 2 is not consumed even if sputtering is continued, and remains until the end.
- the cylindrical target material 2 at the end of sputtering is easier to crack than the cylindrical target material 2 before sputtering.
- the cylindrical target material 2 at the end of sputtering which is thinned during sputtering, in particular. It was revealed that the mechanical strength of can be maintained to such an extent that cracking can be suppressed. Below, the cylindrical target material 2 which concerns on embodiment is further demonstrated.
- the surface roughness Ra of the inner peripheral surface 2b is 1.2 ⁇ m or less, preferably 1.0 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 0.8 ⁇ m or less, and still more preferably. 0.5 ⁇ m or less.
- the surface roughness Ra of the inner peripheral surface 2b exceeds 1.2 ⁇ m, for example, cracking is likely to occur when the cylindrical target material 2 is thinned by performing sputtering over a long period of time such as a usage rate of 80% or more.
- the lower the surface roughness Ra of the inner peripheral surface 2b the better.
- the surface roughness Ra of the inner peripheral surface 2b is preferably 0.05 ⁇ m or more, more preferably 0.1 ⁇ m or more, further preferably 0.15 ⁇ m or more, and particularly preferably 0.2 ⁇ m or more.
- the surface roughness Ra is a value corresponding to the “arithmetic average roughness Ra” of JIS B0601: 2013.
- the surface roughness Ra can be controlled by changing the count and processing speed of a grindstone that is commonly used for surface processing of the inner peripheral surface 2b.
- the surface roughness Ra of the outer peripheral surface 2a of the cylindrical target material 2 is preferably 1.5 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 1.0 ⁇ m or less, and further preferably 0.5 ⁇ m or less. If the surface roughness Ra of the outer peripheral surface 2a exceeds 1.5 ⁇ m, it may affect the generation of nodules at the initial stage of sputtering and cracking during joining to the backing tube 3. However, since the outer peripheral surface 2a of the cylindrical target material 2 is sequentially consumed by sputtering as described above, the influence on the crack of the cylindrical target material 2 is negligible except in the initial stage of use. Further, the minimum value of the surface roughness Ra of the outer peripheral surface 2a is not particularly defined, but is preferably 0.05 ⁇ m or more in view of the efficiency of the processing work.
- the surface roughness Ra of both end faces 2c of the cylindrical target material 2 is preferably 1.4 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 1.2 ⁇ m, and further preferably 1.0 ⁇ m or less.
- the surface roughness Ra of both end faces 2c of the cylindrical target material 2 is 1.4 ⁇ m or less, cracking of the cylindrical target material 2 due to, for example, thermal expansion during sputtering can be prevented or suppressed. Further, particles and arcing generated during sputtering are reduced, and a good film quality can be obtained.
- the minimum value of the surface roughness Ra of the both end faces 2c of the cylindrical target material 2 is not particularly defined, but is preferably 0.05 ⁇ m or more in view of the efficiency of the processing work.
- the relative density of the cylindrical target material 2 is preferably 95% or more, more preferably 98% or more, and further preferably 99% or more.
- the relative density of the cylindrical target material 2 is 95% or more, cracking of the cylindrical target material 2 due to, for example, thermal expansion during sputtering can be prevented or suppressed. Further, particles and arcing generated during sputtering are reduced, and a good film quality can be obtained.
- a method for measuring the relative density of the cylindrical target material 2 will be described below.
- C 1 to C i each indicate the content (% by mass) of the constituent material constituting the cylindrical target material 2
- ⁇ 1 to ⁇ i are the components corresponding to C 1 to C i.
- the density (g / cm 3 ) of the substance is indicated.
- the cylindrical target material 2 preferably has an inner / outer diameter eccentricity of 0.2 mm or less, more preferably 0.1 mm or less, and even more preferably 0.05 mm or less.
- eccentricity exceeds 0.2 mm, the tendency that the radial force is not uniformly applied to the cylindrical target material 2 due to the thermal expansion of the backing tube 3 as described above becomes strong, and the surface roughness of the inner peripheral surface 2b. Even if Ra is sufficiently small, cracks are likely to occur. Furthermore, the thickness of the cylindrical target material 2 remaining due to consumption by sputtering may be uneven, and the usage efficiency of the cylindrical target material 2 may be reduced.
- eccentricity of the inner and outer diameters refers to a deviation width between the center point of the outer diameter of the cylindrical target material 2 and the center point of the inner diameter.
- the joining ratio between the cylindrical target material 2 and the joining material 4 is preferably 98% or more, more preferably 98.5% or more, and further preferably 99%. It is above, Especially preferably, it is 99.5% or more.
- the joining rate refers to the ratio of the area where the bonding material 4 is bonded to the inner peripheral surface 2 b of the cylindrical target material 2 to the area of the inner peripheral surface 2 b of the cylindrical target material 2. .
- This bonding rate can be obtained by measuring the area with image analysis software from an image obtained by ultrasonic flaw detection or X-ray inspection. From the viewpoint of measurement accuracy and ease, ultrasonic flaw detection is preferred.
- the X-ray inspection the bent film is inserted into the inside of the backing tube 3 and inspected. Therefore, it is detected that the area cannot be accurately measured, and peeling between the cylindrical target material 2 and the bonding material 4 is detected. There are problems such as being hard to be done.
- cylindrical target 1 demonstrated the example in which the one cylindrical target material 2 was joined to the outer side of the one backing tube 3, it is not limited to this.
- a cylindrical target 1 may be used in which two or more cylindrical target materials 2 are arranged on the same axis and joined to the outside of one or two or more backing tubes 3.
- the cylindrical target material 2 comprises a granulation step of granulating a slurry containing ceramic raw material powder and an organic additive to produce a granule, and a molding step of shaping the granule to produce a cylindrical shaped body And a firing step of firing the molded body to produce a fired body.
- the manufacturing method of a sintered body is not limited to the above-mentioned thing, What kind of method may be sufficient.
- the fired body obtained in the firing process described above is manufactured to be longer and thicker than the dimensions designed in advance as the cylindrical target material 2. Then, the length of the fired body is processed, for example, by cutting or cutting, and the outer diameter and the inner diameter are processed by grinding, for example, so as to have designed dimensions.
- traverse grinding is a method of grinding while moving a grindstone in a direction parallel to the cylindrical axis of the fired body.
- plunge grinding is a technique in which grinding is performed by giving only the movement in the cutting direction without moving the grindstone back and forth.
- a horizontal-axis cylindrical grinding machine that processes while rotating the cylindrical axis of the fired body horizontally
- a vertical axis cylindrical grinding that processes while rotating the cylinder axis of the fired body upright.
- boards There are two types of boards, either of which can be used.
- a vertical cylindrical grinder When machining the inner peripheral surface 2b side, it is preferable to use a vertical cylindrical grinder because it is less susceptible to the influence of gravity and the surface roughness Ra and machining accuracy are improved.
- a horizontal axis cylindrical grinder may be used for processing on the inner peripheral surface 2b side, or a grinding device other than the cylindrical grinder may be used.
- the end face processing step is a step of manufacturing the cylindrical target material 2 having a predetermined length by processing the end face.
- the processing of the end surface may be, for example, by cutting, cutting, or grinding. Further, cutting or cutting and grinding may be combined, and the processing method is not limited.
- the cylindrical target material 2 and the cylindrical target 1 according to the embodiment can further suppress the occurrence of cracks during sputtering.
- Example 1 10 mass% of SnO 2 powder having a specific surface area (BET specific surface area) of 5 m 2 / g measured by BET (Brunauer-Emmett-Teller) method, and 90 mass of In 2 O 3 powder having a BET specific surface area of 5 m 2 / g %, And ball mill mixing with zirconia balls in a pot to prepare a raw material powder.
- BET specific surface area 5 m 2 / g measured by BET (Brunauer-Emmett-Teller) method
- 90 mass of In 2 O 3 powder having a BET specific surface area of 5 m 2 / g %
- This granule was filled while being tapped into a cylindrical urethane rubber mold having an inner diameter of 220 mm (thickness 10 mm) having a cylindrical core (mandrel) having an outer diameter of 157 mm and a length of 450 mm, and after sealing the rubber mold, CIP (Cold Isostatic Pressing) molding was performed at a pressure of 800 kgf / cm 2 to produce a cylindrical molded body.
- CIP Cold Isostatic Pressing
- the molded body was heated at 600 ° C. for 10 hours to remove organic components.
- the heating rate was 50 ° C./h.
- the heated molded body was fired to produce a fired body. Firing was performed in an oxygen atmosphere under conditions of a firing temperature of 1550 ° C., a firing time of 12 hours, and a heating rate of 300 ° C./h. Further, the temperature lowering rate was 50 ° C./h from 1550 ° C. to 800 ° C. and 30 ° C./h after 800 ° C.
- the relative density of the obtained fired body was 99.8%.
- the fired body obtained was ground using a horizontal cylindrical grinder.
- the inner diameter of the fired body is 134. 3 by plunge grinding using a # 170 grindstone.
- the inner peripheral surface 2b side was processed until it became 8 mm.
- the inner peripheral surface 2b side of the fired body was processed by traverse grinding.
- the grindstone is a vitrified binder with an abrasive grain size of # 600, the grinding stone cutting amount per pass is 0.003 mm, the moving speed of the grindstone in the cylindrical axis direction is 300 mm / min, and the fired body. Grinding was performed at a rotation speed of 70 rpm.
- the traverse grinding described above was repeated one pass at a time until the inner diameter of the fired body reached 135 mm, and then a spark out for moving the grindstone in the direction of the cylindrical axis with a cut depth of 0 was performed (ie, one reciprocation).
- the outer peripheral surface 2a side of the fired body was processed.
- the grindstone used was a vitrified binder with an abrasive grain size of # 600.
- a moving speed of the grindstone in the cylindrical axis direction of 150 mm / min, and a rotational speed of the fired body of 20 rpm a spark is performed. Two passes out.
- both ends of the fired body were cut to a length of 300 mm to produce a cylindrical target material 2 having an outer diameter of 153 mm, an inner diameter of 135 mm, and a length of 300 mm.
- Example 2 And ZnO powder 44.2 wt% of the BET specific surface area of 4m 2 / g, and In 2 O 3 powder 25.9 wt% of the BET specific surface area of 7m 2 / g, a BET specific surface area of 10m 2 / g Ga 2 O 3 blended powder 29.9 wt%, and mixed in a ball mill with zirconia balls in a pot, to prepare a raw material powder.
- Example 2 the preparation of granules, the production of molded products, and the removal of organic components from the molded products were performed in the same manner as in Example 1. Furthermore, the molded body was fired under the conditions of a firing temperature of 1400 ° C., a firing time of 10 hours, a temperature increase rate of 300 ° C./h, and a temperature decrease rate of 50 ° C./h to produce a fired body. The relative density of the obtained fired body was 99.7%.
- the cylindrical target material 2 was manufactured by grinding and cutting the obtained fired body and the cylindrical target material 2 and the backing tube 3 were joined in the same manner as in Example 1 to produce the cylindrical target 1.
- Example 3 A ceramic raw material prepared by blending 95% by mass of ZnO powder having a BET specific surface area of 4 m 2 / g and 5% by mass of Al 2 O 3 powder having a BET specific surface area of 5 m 2 / g and ball milling with zirconia balls in a pot. A powder was prepared.
- Example 2 the preparation of granules, the production of molded products, and the removal of organic components from the molded products were performed in the same manner as in Example 1. Furthermore, the molded body was fired under the conditions of a firing temperature of 1400 ° C., a firing time of 10 hours, a temperature increase rate of 300 ° C./h, and a temperature decrease rate of 50 ° C./h to produce a fired body. The density of the obtained fired body was 99.9%.
- the cylindrical target material 2 was manufactured by grinding and cutting the obtained fired body, and the cylindrical target material 2 and the backing tube 3 were joined in the same manner as in Example 1 to produce the cylindrical target 1.
- Example 4 The fired body (ITO) obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 was processed using a horizontal-axis cylindrical grinder to produce a cylindrical target material 2 having an outer diameter of 153 mm, an inner diameter of 135 mm, and a length of 300 mm.
- a horizontal-axis cylindrical grinder to produce a cylindrical target material 2 having an outer diameter of 153 mm, an inner diameter of 135 mm, and a length of 300 mm.
- the inner diameter of the fired body is 134. 3 by plunge grinding using a # 170 grindstone.
- the inner peripheral surface 2b side was processed until it became 8 mm.
- the inner peripheral surface 2b side of the fired body was processed by traverse grinding.
- the grindstone is a vitrified binder with an abrasive grain size of # 1000, the grinding stone cutting amount per pass is 0.002 mm, the grinding wheel moving speed is 300 mm / min, and the fired body. Grinding was performed at a rotation speed of 70 rpm.
- the traverse grinding described above was repeated one pass at a time until the inner diameter of the fired body reached 135 mm, and then a spark out was performed for two passes.
- the outer peripheral surface 2a side of the fired body was processed.
- the grindstone used was a vitrified binder with an abrasive grain size of # 600.
- a moving speed of the grindstone in the cylindrical axis direction of 150 mm / min, and a rotational speed of the fired body of 20 rpm a spark is performed. Two passes out.
- both ends of the fired body were cut to a length of 300 mm to produce a cylindrical target material 2 having an outer diameter of 153 mm, an inner diameter of 135 mm, and a length of 300 mm.
- Example 5 A cylindrical target material 2 and a cylindrical target 1 were produced in the same manner as in Example 4 except that the fired body (IGZO) obtained in the same manner as in Example 2 was used.
- IGZO fired body
- Example 6 A cylindrical target material 2 and a cylindrical target 1 were produced in the same manner as in Example 4 except that the fired body (AZO) obtained in the same manner as in Example 3 was used.
- Example 7 A fired body (ITO) obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 was processed to produce a cylindrical target material 2 having an outer diameter of 153 mm, an inner diameter of 135 mm, and a length of 300 mm.
- a horizontal axis cylindrical grinder was used for processing on the outer peripheral surface 2a side, and a vertical axis cylindrical grinder was used for processing on the inner peripheral surface 2b side.
- the inner diameter of the fired body is 134. 3 by plunge grinding using a # 170 grindstone.
- the inner peripheral surface 2b side was processed until it became 8 mm.
- the inner peripheral surface 2b side of the fired body was processed by traverse grinding.
- the grindstone is a vitrified binder with an abrasive grain size of # 600, the grinding stone cutting amount per pass is 0.003 mm, the moving speed of the grindstone in the cylindrical axis direction is 300 mm / min, and the fired body. Grinding was performed at a rotation speed of 70 rpm.
- the traverse grinding described above was repeated one pass at a time until the inner diameter of the fired body reached 135 mm, and then a spark out was performed for two passes.
- the outer peripheral surface 2a side of the fired body was processed.
- the grindstone used was a vitrified binder with an abrasive grain size of # 600.
- a moving speed of the grindstone in the cylindrical axis direction of 150 mm / min, and a rotational speed of the fired body of 20 rpm a spark is performed. Two passes out.
- both ends of the fired body were cut to a length of 300 mm to produce a cylindrical target material 2 having an outer diameter of 153 mm, an inner diameter of 135 mm, and a length of 300 mm.
- Example 8 A cylindrical target material 2 and a cylindrical target 1 were produced in the same manner as in Example 7 except that the fired body (IGZO) obtained in the same manner as in Example 2 was used.
- IGZO fired body
- Example 9 A cylindrical target material 2 and a cylindrical target 1 were produced in the same manner as in Example 7 except that the fired body (AZO) obtained in the same manner as in Example 3 was used.
- Example 10 A cylindrical target material 2 and a cylindrical target 1 were produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the abrasive grain size of the grindstone for grinding the inner peripheral surface 2b side of the fired body (ITO) was set to # 320.
- Example 11 A cylindrical target material 2 and a cylindrical target 1 were produced in the same manner as in Example 2, except that the grain size of the grindstone for grinding the inner peripheral surface 2b side of the fired body (IGZO) was set to # 320.
- Example 12 A cylindrical target material 2 and a cylindrical target 1 were produced in the same manner as in Example 3 except that the abrasive grain size of the grindstone for grinding the inner peripheral surface 2b side of the fired body (AZO) was set to # 320.
- Example 13 A cylindrical target material 2 and a cylindrical target 1 were produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the grain size of the grindstone for grinding the inner peripheral surface 2b side of the fired body (ITO) was set to # 170.
- Example 14 A cylindrical target material 2 and a cylindrical target 1 were produced in the same manner as in Example 2 except that the abrasive grain size of the grindstone for grinding the inner peripheral surface 2b side of the fired body (IGZO) was set to # 170.
- Example 15 A cylindrical target material 2 and a cylindrical target 1 were produced in the same manner as in Example 3 except that the abrasive grain size of the grindstone for grinding the inner peripheral surface 2b side of the fired body (AZO) was set to # 170.
- Example 16 A cylindrical target material 2 and a cylindrical target 1 were produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the grain size of the grindstone for grinding the inner peripheral surface 2b side of the fired body (ITO) was set to # 1500.
- Example 17 A cylindrical target material 2 and a cylindrical target 1 were produced in the same manner as in Example 2 except that the abrasive grain size of the grindstone for grinding the inner peripheral surface 2b side of the fired body (IGZO) was set to # 1500.
- Example 18 A cylindrical target material 2 and a cylindrical target 1 were produced in the same manner as in Example 3 except that the abrasive grain size of the grindstone for grinding the inner peripheral surface 2b side of the fired body (AZO) was set to # 1500.
- Example 1 The fired body (ITO) obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 was processed using a horizontal-axis cylindrical grinder to produce a cylindrical target material 2 having an outer diameter of 153 mm, an inner diameter of 135 mm, and a length of 300 mm. First, the outer diameter was processed to 153.2 mm by plunge grinding using a # 170 grindstone, and then the inner diameter was processed to 134.8 mm by plunge grinding using a # 170 grindstone.
- the inner peripheral surface 2b side of the fired body was processed by traverse grinding.
- the grindstone is a vitrified binder with an abrasive grain size of # 80, the grinding stone cutting amount per pass is 0.005 mm, the grinding wheel moving speed is 300 mm / min, and the fired body. Grinding was performed at a rotation speed of 70 rpm.
- the traverse grinding described above was repeated one pass at a time until the inner diameter of the fired body reached 135 mm, and then a spark out was performed for two passes.
- the outer peripheral surface 2a side of the fired body was processed.
- the grindstone used was a vitrified binder with an abrasive grain size of # 600.
- a moving speed of the grindstone in the cylindrical axis direction of 150 mm / min, and a rotational speed of the fired body of 20 rpm a spark is performed. Two passes out.
- both ends of the fired body were cut to a length of 300 mm to produce a cylindrical target material 2 having an outer diameter of 153 mm, an inner diameter of 135 mm, and a length of 300 mm.
- Example 1 When the joined cylindrical target 1 produced in Example 1 to Comparative Example 3 was visually observed, no cracks were observed in all of them.
- three sets of cylindrical targets 1 in which three cylindrical target materials 2 are joined to the backing tube 3 are sputtered. After the cylindrical target material 2 is used up to a usage rate of 80% (mass basis), The shaped target material 2 was visually observed to check for cracks.
- the sputtering conditions were as follows: substrate temperature: 100 ° C., sputtering pressure: 0.2 Pa, power: 20 kW, and target rotation speed: 10 rpm.
- Example 1 to Comparative Example 3 The results obtained in Example 1 to Comparative Example 3 are shown in Tables 1 to 3.
- Table 1 uses ITO
- Table 2 uses IGZO
- Table 3 uses AZO as the cylindrical target material 2.
- the numerical values shown as the surface roughness Ra of the outer peripheral surface 2a and the inner peripheral surface 2b, the eccentricity of the cylindrical target material 2 and the bonding rate between the cylindrical target material 2 and the bonding material 4 are 9 cylinders each.
- the minimum value and the maximum value are shown.
- the definition of each value in the cylindrical target material 2 is shown below.
- the surface roughness Ra of the outer peripheral surface 2a, inner peripheral surface 2b, and both end surfaces 2c of the cylindrical target material 2 was measured using a surface roughness measuring instrument (Surfcoder SE1700 / manufactured by Kosaka Laboratory Ltd.).
- the measurement locations of the outer peripheral surface 2a and the inner peripheral surface 2b are four locations (that is, both the outer peripheral surface 2a and the inner peripheral surface 2b) in the vicinity of both end surfaces 2c (that is, end surfaces 2c1 and 2c2) of the cylindrical target material 2 and at substantially equal intervals in the circumferential direction. 8 places).
- the measurement positions of the both end faces 2c are the two end faces 2c (that is, end faces 2c1 and 2c2) of the cylindrical target material 2 at four positions (that is, eight positions) at substantially equal intervals in the circumferential direction.
- the maximum value of the measured surface roughness Ra at 8 locations was defined as the value of the surface roughness Ra of the cylindrical target material 2 on each surface.
- the surface roughness Ra of both end faces 2c of the cylindrical target material 2 in Examples and Comparative Examples was 1.4 ⁇ m or less.
- the thickness of the end portion of the cylindrical target material 2 was arbitrarily measured with a caliper, and the difference between the thickness of the thickest portion (maximum thickness) and the standard thickness (9.00 mm) was taken as an eccentricity measurement value. For example, when the maximum thickness was 9.10 mm, the eccentricity value was 0.10 mm.
- Cylindrical sputtering target (cylindrical target) 2 Ceramic cylindrical target material (cylindrical target material) 2a outer peripheral surface 2b inner peripheral surface 2c both end surfaces 3 backing tube 3a outer peripheral surface 4 bonding material
Abstract
Description
BET(Brunauer-Emmett-Teller)法により測定された比表面積(BET比表面積)が5m2/gのSnO2粉末10質量%と、BET比表面積が5m2/gのIn2O3粉末90質量%とを配合し、ポット中でジルコニアボールによりボールミル混合して、原料粉末を調製した。
BET比表面積が4m2/gのZnO粉末44.2質量%と、BET比表面積が7m2/gのIn2O3粉末25.9質量%と、BET比表面積が10m2/gのGa2O3粉末29.9質量%とを配合し、ポット中でジルコニアボールによりボールミル混合して、原料粉末を調製した。
BET比表面積が4m2/gのZnO粉末95質量%と、BET比表面積が5m2/gのAl2O3粉末5質量%とを配合し、ポット中でジルコニアボールによりボールミル混合してセラミックス原料粉末を調製した。
実施例1と同様にして得られた焼成体(ITO)を、横軸円筒研削盤を使用して加工し、外径153mm、内径135mm、長さ300mmの円筒形ターゲット材2を製造した。まず、#170の砥石を用いたプランジ研削により焼成体の外径が153.2mmとなるまで外周面2a側を加工した後、#170の砥石を用いたプランジ研削により焼成体の内径が134.8mmとなるまで内周面2b側を加工した。
実施例2と同様にして得られた焼成体(IGZO)を使用したことを除き、実施例4と同様にして円筒形ターゲット材2および円筒形ターゲット1を作製した。
実施例3と同様にして得られた焼成体(AZO)を使用したことを除き、実施例4と同様にして円筒形ターゲット材2および円筒形ターゲット1を作製した。
実施例1と同様にして得られた焼成体(ITO)を加工し、外径153mm、内径135mm、長さ300mmの円筒形ターゲット材2を製造した。外周面2a側の加工には横軸円筒研削盤を使用し、内周面2b側の加工には縦軸円筒研削盤を使用した。
実施例2と同様にして得られた焼成体(IGZO)を使用したことを除き、実施例7と同様にして円筒形ターゲット材2および円筒形ターゲット1を作製した。
実施例3と同様にして得られた焼成体(AZO)を使用したことを除き、実施例7と同様にして円筒形ターゲット材2および円筒形ターゲット1を作製した。
焼成体(ITO)の内周面2b側を研削する砥石の砥粒粒度を#320としたことを除き、実施例1と同様にして円筒形ターゲット材2および円筒形ターゲット1を作製した。
焼成体(IGZO)の内周面2b側を研削する砥石の砥粒粒度を#320としたことを除き、実施例2と同様にして円筒形ターゲット材2および円筒形ターゲット1を作製した。
焼成体(AZO)の内周面2b側を研削する砥石の砥粒粒度を#320としたことを除き、実施例3と同様にして円筒形ターゲット材2および円筒形ターゲット1を作製した。
焼成体(ITO)の内周面2b側を研削する砥石の砥粒粒度を#170としたことを除き、実施例1と同様にして円筒形ターゲット材2および円筒形ターゲット1を作製した。
焼成体(IGZO)の内周面2b側を研削する砥石の砥粒粒度を#170としたことを除き、実施例2と同様にして円筒形ターゲット材2および円筒形ターゲット1を作製した。
焼成体(AZO)の内周面2b側を研削する砥石の砥粒粒度を#170としたことを除き、実施例3と同様にして円筒形ターゲット材2および円筒形ターゲット1を作製した。
焼成体(ITO)の内周面2b側を研削する砥石の砥粒粒度を#1500としたことを除き、実施例1と同様にして円筒形ターゲット材2および円筒形ターゲット1を作製した。
焼成体(IGZO)の内周面2b側を研削する砥石の砥粒粒度を#1500としたことを除き、実施例2と同様にして円筒形ターゲット材2および円筒形ターゲット1を作製した。
焼成体(AZO)の内周面2b側を研削する砥石の砥粒粒度を#1500としたことを除き、実施例3と同様にして円筒形ターゲット材2および円筒形ターゲット1を作製した。
実施例1と同様にして得られた焼成体(ITO)を、横軸円筒研削盤を使用して加工し、外径153mm、内径135mm、長さ300mmの円筒形ターゲット材2を製造した。まず、#170の砥石を用いたプランジ研削により外径を153.2mmまで加工した後、#170の砥石を用いたプランジ研削により内径を134.8mmまで加工した。
実施例2と同様にして得られた焼成体(IGZO)を使用したことを除き、比較例1と同様にして円筒形ターゲット材2および円筒形ターゲット1を作製した。
実施例3と同様にして得られた焼成体(AZO)を使用したことを除き、比較例1と同様にして円筒形ターゲット材2および円筒形ターゲット1を作製した。
表面粗さ測定器(サーフコーダSE1700/株式会社小坂研究所製)を用いて円筒形ターゲット材2の外周面2a、内周面2b、両端面2cの表面粗さRaを測定した。外周面2aと内周面2bの測定箇所は円筒形ターゲット材2の両端面2c(すなわち端面2c1,2c2)付近、周方向ほぼ等間隔にそれぞれ4箇所(すなわち外周面2a、内周面2bともに8箇所)とした。両端面2cの測定箇所は円筒形ターゲット材2の両端面2c(すなわち端面2c1,2c2)を周方向ほぼ等間隔にそれぞれ4箇所(すなわち8箇所)とした。測定した8箇所の表面粗さRaのうち最大値を、各面における円筒形ターゲット材2の表面粗さRaの値とした。なお、実施例、比較例における円筒形ターゲット材2の両端面2cの表面粗さRaはいずれも1.4μm以下であった。
円筒形ターゲット材2の端部の厚みをノギスで任意に測定し、最も厚くなっている箇所の厚み(最大厚み)と規格厚み(9.00mm)との差を偏心の測定値とした。たとえば、最大厚みが9.10mmであった場合、偏心の値は0.10mmとした。
超音波探傷検査装置(SDS-WIN 24235T/株式会社KJTD製)を用いて、円筒形ターゲット材2の内周面2bと接合材4との接合状態を0.5mmピッチで検査した。得られた画像から、画像解析ソフト(粒子解析Ver.3 日鉄住金テクノロジー株式会社製)を使用して円筒形ターゲット材2の内周面2bと接合材4とが接合されている箇所の面積を測定し、内周面2bの面積に対する比率を算出して接合率の値とした。
2 セラミックス円筒形ターゲット材(円筒形ターゲット材)
2a 外周面
2b 内周面
2c 両端面
3 バッキングチューブ
3a 外周面
4 接合材
Claims (13)
- 内周面の表面粗さRaが1.2μm以下である、セラミックス円筒形ターゲット材。
- 内周面の表面粗さRaが1.0μm以下である、セラミックス円筒形ターゲット材。
- 内周面の表面粗さRaが0.8μm以下である、セラミックス円筒形ターゲット材。
- 内周面の表面粗さRaが0.5μm以下である、セラミックス円筒形ターゲット材。
- 前記表面粗さRaが0.1μm以上である、請求項1~4のいずれか1つに記載のセラミックス円筒形ターゲット材。
- In、Zn、Al、Ga、Zr、Ti、Sn、MgおよびSiのうち1種以上を含有する、請求項1~5のいずれか1つに記載のセラミックス円筒形ターゲット材。
- Snの含有量がSnO2換算で1~10質量%のITOである、請求項1~6のいずれか1つに記載のセラミックス円筒形ターゲット材。
- Inの含有量がIn2O3換算で10~60質量%、Gaの含有量がGa2O3換算で10~60質量%、Znの含有量がZnO換算で10~60質量%のIGZOである、請求項1~6のいずれか1つに記載のセラミックス円筒形ターゲット材。
- Alの含有量がAl2O3換算で0.1~5質量%のAZOである、請求項1~6のいずれか1つに記載のセラミックス円筒形ターゲット材。
- Znの含有量がZnO換算で1~15質量%のIZOである、請求項1~6のいずれか1つに記載のセラミックス円筒形ターゲット材。
- 内外径の偏心が0.2mm以下である、請求項1~10のいずれか1つに記載のセラミックス円筒形ターゲット材。
- 請求項1~11のいずれか1つに記載のセラミックス円筒形ターゲット材と、
前記セラミックス円筒形ターゲット材の中空部分に挿通され、外周面が前記セラミックス円筒形ターゲット材の前記内周面に接合材を介して接合される円筒形の基材と、を備える、円筒形スパッタリングターゲット。 - 前記セラミックス円筒形ターゲット材と前記接合材との接合率が98%以上である、請求項12に記載の円筒形スパッタリングターゲット。
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JP2013147368A (ja) * | 2012-01-18 | 2013-08-01 | Mitsui Mining & Smelting Co Ltd | セラミックス円筒形スパッタリングターゲット材およびその製造方法 |
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