WO2016120985A1 - 回転非軸対称なレンズの製造方法、回転非軸対称なレンズ成形型の製造方法、回転非軸対称面ミラーの製造方法、及び回転非軸対称面ミラー成形型の製造方法 - Google Patents
回転非軸対称なレンズの製造方法、回転非軸対称なレンズ成形型の製造方法、回転非軸対称面ミラーの製造方法、及び回転非軸対称面ミラー成形型の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2016120985A1 WO2016120985A1 PCT/JP2015/052132 JP2015052132W WO2016120985A1 WO 2016120985 A1 WO2016120985 A1 WO 2016120985A1 JP 2015052132 W JP2015052132 W JP 2015052132W WO 2016120985 A1 WO2016120985 A1 WO 2016120985A1
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- Prior art keywords
- lens
- manufacturing
- rotationally asymmetric
- axisymmetric
- mirror
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B49/00—Measuring or gauging equipment for controlling the feed movement of the grinding tool or work; Arrangements of indicating or measuring equipment, e.g. for indicating the start of the grinding operation
- B24B49/12—Measuring or gauging equipment for controlling the feed movement of the grinding tool or work; Arrangements of indicating or measuring equipment, e.g. for indicating the start of the grinding operation involving optical means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B3/00—Simple or compound lenses
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B13/00—Machines or devices designed for grinding or polishing optical surfaces on lenses or surfaces of similar shape on other work; Accessories therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B13/00—Machines or devices designed for grinding or polishing optical surfaces on lenses or surfaces of similar shape on other work; Accessories therefor
- B24B13/01—Specific tools, e.g. bowl-like; Production, dressing or fastening of these tools
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B13/00—Machines or devices designed for grinding or polishing optical surfaces on lenses or surfaces of similar shape on other work; Accessories therefor
- B24B13/04—Machines or devices designed for grinding or polishing optical surfaces on lenses or surfaces of similar shape on other work; Accessories therefor grinding of lenses involving grinding wheels controlled by gearing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B3/00—Simple or compound lenses
- G02B3/02—Simple or compound lenses with non-spherical faces
- G02B3/04—Simple or compound lenses with non-spherical faces with continuous faces that are rotationally symmetrical but deviate from a true sphere, e.g. so called "aspheric" lenses
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/08—Mirrors
- G02B5/10—Mirrors with curved faces
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an optical element that is a lens or a reflecting mirror formed by cutting, polishing, grinding, or plastic injection molding, and particularly has a lens surface shape such as a free-form surface or an eccentric aspheric surface and a mirror-shaped surface.
- the present invention relates to a method for manufacturing an optical element.
- projection video display devices capable of projecting a good projection image with a large image in a short distance have become widespread and are not limited to projectors that project a desired image on a wall surface or a screen
- lighting devices that illuminate with images and the like integrated with indoor lighting equipment, and lighting devices for vehicles that can project various types of information including the traveling direction on the road surface of the vehicle are being considered. ing.
- a projection lens including a first optical system including a transmissive refractive element and a second optical system including a reflective refracting element is provided.
- a projection optical device that is housed in a lower space whose lower limit is the lower end of the two optical system is already known.
- Patent Document 2 and Patent Document 3 a manufacturing method of an aspherical lens for creating an aspherical lens mold by so-called etching technique
- Patent Document 3 a manufacturing method of an aspherical lens for creating an aspherical lens mold by so-called etching technique
- a method of manufacturing a glass aspherical lens by molding and polishing an aspherical surface with a glass mold only on the aspherical surface of the glass lens is already known.
- Patent Document 4 a processing method of an aspherical lens that embodies an aspherical locus using a cam type spherical center type polishing machine, an apparatus therefor, and the like are already known.
- a lens mold (entrance piece) having a lens surface shape rotationally symmetric with respect to the optical axis is processed by, for example, a multi-axis processing machine shown in FIG. 10 (a 5-axis processing machine in the drawing).
- the work surface is clamped and rotated on the C axis, and a cutting tool is attached to a bed movable in the XYZ axis directions as shown in FIG.
- processing of lens surfaces and mirror surfaces that cannot be processed by rotating a curved surface such as a free-form surface or an eccentric aspherical surface can be moved in the XYZ axis directions as shown in FIG.
- a desired mold shape is obtained by attaching a rotary cutting blade to a simple bed and rotating at high speed.
- a rotationally asymmetric processed surface has low shape accuracy and inferior surface roughness.
- the mold surface was polished after cutting to improve the surface roughness, but it was confirmed that the focus performance was adversely affected by the uneven portions slightly formed on the lens surface during processing. As a result, the present invention has been achieved.
- a mold surface obtained by cutting or grinding with a processing tool is produced by polishing and has a rotational non-axisymmetric free-form surface having excellent optical characteristics or Manufacturing method of decentered aspherical optical element, more specifically, rotationally axisymmetric free curved surface or decentered aspheric lens and its mold, and rotationally axisymmetric free curved surface or decentered aspheric mirror and its forming mold
- a method for manufacturing a rotationally axisymmetric free-form surface or eccentric aspherical element described in the following claims More specifically, a rotationally axisymmetric free curved surface or eccentric aspheric lens and a molding die thereof in part, and a manufacturing method of a rotationally axisymmetric free curved surface or eccentric aspherical mirror and a molding die thereof in part.
- the rotational or non-axisymmetric free curved surface or eccentric aspherical surface is cut or ground by the grinding or cutting means. The scanning is performed while moving in a direction along the meridional surface of an axisymmetric free-form surface or eccentric aspheric lens.
- a method for producing a rotationally non-axisymmetric free-form surface or eccentric aspherical optical element having excellent optical characteristics produced by producing a die surface by cutting or grinding with a processing tool More specifically, it is possible to manufacture a rotationally axisymmetric free curved surface or eccentric aspheric lens and its mold, and a rotationally axisymmetric free curved surface or eccentric aspherical mirror and its mold. The practically excellent effect of providing a method for manufacturing a rotationally axisymmetric free-form surface or an eccentric aspherical element is also exhibited.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing the overall appearance of a projection display apparatus as an example of an apparatus equipped with a rotationally non-axisymmetric free-form surface lens and a rotationally non-axisymmetric free-form surface mirror according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is a lens arrangement
- FIG. 1 It is a figure including the perspective view from the front side, the perspective view from the back side, the front view, the side view, and the back view and the back view showing the external shape of the rotationally axisymmetric free-form surface lens L12. It is a figure including a front view, a side view, and a rear view showing the outer shape of a rotationally non-axisymmetric free-form surface mirror M13. It is a figure for demonstrating the general method for manufacturing a rotation non-axisymmetric free-form surface lens, a rotation non-axisymmetric free-form surface mirror, or its shaping
- FIG. 1 is a front view of a rotationally non-axisymmetric free-form surface lens manufactured by the method for manufacturing a rotationally-axisymmetric free-form surface optical element according to one embodiment of the present invention, its BB cross section, and its partially enlarged cross-sectional view.
- FIG. It is a figure which shows the mode of the incident light in the rotation non-axisymmetric free-form surface mirror manufactured by the manufacturing method of the rotation non-axisymmetric free-form surface optical element which concerns on one embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the outline of an apparatus structure for implement
- FIG. 1 of the accompanying drawings shows the overall appearance of a projection display apparatus (projector) as an example in which the rotationally non-axisymmetric free-form surface lens and reflection mirror are adopted.
- reference numeral 100 indicates the projection display apparatus
- reference numerals 101 and 102 indicate the upper cover and the lower cover of the apparatus, respectively.
- a window 103 that is opened when the apparatus is used is attached to a part of the upper surface cover 101 so as to be opened and closed.
- FIG. 1 a state in which the window portion 103 is opened is shown, and a rotationally non-axisymmetric free-form surface lens constituting a projection optical system described below is indicated by reference numeral L12.
- an internal space formed by the upper surface cover 101 and the lower surface cover 102 is a component for constituting the projection display apparatus, for example, an LED or a lamp that is a light source, A light modulation unit that modulates light from the light source into video light based on an external video signal or the like (for example, a video display device such as a digital light processing (DLP) liquid crystal panel), and the video light to the wall surface
- a video display device such as a digital light processing (DLP) liquid crystal panel
- DLP digital light processing
- An aspherical tilt projection optical system including a free-form surface mirror, and a power supply circuit and control for supplying necessary power and control signals to the above components.
- Various circuit components including a road, the cooling fan or the like for guiding the heating outside the apparatus are mounted.
- FIG. 2 is a lens arrangement diagram for explaining the operation principle of the projection lens in the tilt projection optical system. It consists of a total of twelve lenses indicated by symbols L1 to L12 and one mirror indicated by symbol M13.
- the reflecting surface of the mirror M13 and the lens surfaces of the lenses indicated by reference numerals L11 and L12 each form a rotationally axisymmetric free-form surface.
- the degree of design freedom is as large as about 5 times that of the aspherical surface, and good aberration correction is possible.
- a light source in this example, a semiconductor light source such as an LED, not shown
- the image display element is converted into an image light beam by the image display element, passes through the prism surface, and enters the projection lens.
- the image light beam (indicated by ⁇ 0 as a whole) from the image display element P1 (reflection type image display element) passes through different locations of the respective lenses in the projection lens with respect to the image formation position on the projection surface.
- the free-form surface mirror M13 and the free-form surface lenses L11 and L12 are located above the optical axis shared by almost all other lenses, so that an unnecessary lens effective area can be eliminated and the size can be reduced. Therefore, the cost of the entire apparatus can be reduced.
- the lens denoted by reference numeral L10 in the drawing corrects coma and spherical aberration by using an aspheric lens surface. Furthermore, since the lens indicated by the reference symbol L10 is disposed at a position where the light beam is deflected and passes, the lens surface is made aspherical so that the light beam is obliquely incident on the lens. It corrects high-order coma that occurs.
- a light beam ⁇ 2 that forms an image at the upper end portion of the projection surface and a light beam ⁇ 1 that forms an image at a substantially central portion of the projection surface are individual lenses (reference numerals L1 to L in the figure). This indicates which part of (displayed by L12) passes.
- the upper limit light of the light beam ⁇ 2 that forms an image at the upper end portion of the projection surface and the lower limit light of the light beam ⁇ 1 that forms an image at a substantially central portion of the projection surface are a rotationally axisymmetric free-form surface L10 and a rotationally non-axisymmetric free-form surface. Since the lenses L11 and L12 do not overlap, aberration correction can be performed independently, and the correction capability is greatly improved.
- the lenses (L1 to L10) that contribute to aberration correction in a region relatively close to the optical axis are incorporated in the lens barrel B1, and the lenses (L11 and L12) that contribute to aberration correction in a region away from the optical axis.
- the lens is incorporated in the lens barrel B2 which is separate from the lens barrel, and the distance between the lenses L10 and L11 and the lens L12 and the mirror M13 is adjusted, and the distance between the lenses L11 and L12 is also adjusted at the same time.
- the configuration is adjustable.
- the rotationally non-axisymmetric free-form surface mirror M13 is attached to the mirror base MB1, and can be opened and closed by, for example, an electric motor (not shown). Furthermore, since all of these are fixed to the projection lens base with high accuracy, a predetermined focusing performance can be obtained.
- FIGS. 3A to 3E are views showing the outer shape of the above-mentioned rotationally axisymmetric free-form surface lens L11
- FIG. 3A is a perspective view seen from the front side thereof.
- FIG. 3C is a front view thereof
- FIG. 3D is a side view thereof
- FIG. 3E is a rear view thereof.
- the rotationally non-axisymmetric free-form surface lens L11 is a plastic lens, and as is apparent from these drawings, the lens effective area L11-a and the outer periphery of the lens effective area L11-a A so-called lens edge portion L11-b is provided for the purpose of positioning and holding when the lens is incorporated into the lens barrel B2.
- contour lines for indicating the surface shape are indicated by broken lines in the lens effective region L11-a of the rotationally axisymmetric free-form surface lens L11.
- L11-c in the figure is a gate portion for injecting resin.
- FIG. 4A to 4E are views showing the outer shape of the above-mentioned rotationally axisymmetric free-form surface lens L12.
- FIG. 4A is a perspective view seen from the front side thereof.
- 4 (B) is a perspective view seen from the rear side
- FIG. 4 (C) is a front view thereof
- FIG. 4 (D) is a side view thereof
- FIG. 4 (E) is a rear view thereof. Respectively.
- the rotationally non-axisymmetric free-form surface lens L12 is also a plastic lens as described above, and as is clear from these drawings, the lens effective region L12-a and the lens effective region L12-a A so-called lens edge portion L12-b is provided on the outer peripheral portion for the purpose of positioning and holding when the lens is incorporated into the lens barrel B2. Also here, in particular, in FIGS. 4A and 4B, contour lines for indicating the surface shape are indicated by broken lines in the lens effective region L12-a of the rotationally axisymmetric free-form surface lens L12. .
- L12-c in the figure is a gate portion for injecting resin.
- FIGS. 5A to 5C are views showing the outer shape of the rotationally non-axisymmetric free-form surface mirror M13 described above, FIG. 5A is a front view thereof, and FIG. The side view and FIG. 5 (C) show the rear view, respectively.
- This rotationally non-axisymmetric free-form surface mirror M13 is also made of plastic, and as is apparent from these drawings, along with the lens effective region M13-a, the outer periphery of the lens effective region M13-a is It has a lens area (hereinafter referred to as a free-form surface area) obtained by extending the aspherical shape as it is.
- the rotationally non-axisymmetric free-form surface lens and mirror described above are generally manufactured by cutting with a 5-axis processing machine also shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, or manufactured by grinding as shown in FIG. There is a way. Among these, the grinding is fixed while rotating the grinding tool 200, which is a processing tool having a spherical curvature smaller than the minimum curvature portion of the curvature of the rotationally non-axisymmetric free-form surface lens, which is a workpiece, by the electric motor 250 while rotating.
- the grinding tool 200 is shown in FIG.
- the projection lens When assembled, the projection lens may be moved in a direction along the meridional plane. More specifically, as shown in FIG. 7, the non-axisymmetric free-form surface L12 is moved in the sagittal plane while moving in the direction along the meridional plane of the projection lens (the Y-axis direction) as shown in FIG. It turned out that it is preferable to move to the direction (X-axis direction) along.
- FIG. 7B this is FIG. 7B and its partially enlarged view as the grinding tool 200 as a processing tool moves (scans) on the lens surface (X and Y axis directions).
- a minute uneven portion 310 is formed on the surface 300 of the lens (in this figure, the minute direction 310 is shown to emphasize the height direction in order to show the minute uneven portion 310. ing).
- the minute projections and depressions on the surface 300 of the lens or mirror greatly differ in the incident angle of the image light beam at the upper and lower portions of the image display surface in the vertical direction of the screen. When one line is displayed, blur (flare) in the vertical direction of the screen occurs at the top of the screen.
- FIG. 7A shows the front shape of the lens.
- the movement (scanning) direction of the grinding tool 200 as a processing tool is indicated by an arrow.
- a grinding tool 200 as a processing tool is used as a plastic or glass lens or a work piece (work). While moving (scanning) on the mirror surface 300 or the mold surface 400 (that is, the plane consisting of the X and Y axes), while moving in the direction along the meridional plane (Y axis direction: longitudinal direction) A desired aspherical lens surface or a molding surface of a mold is formed.
- a grinding tool 200 which is a processing tool, is attached to the tip of an arm of an X, Y, Z stage 900 that can move freely in the X, Y, Z axis directions.
- the surface 300 of plastic or glass, which is a workpiece (workpiece), or the surface 300 of the mold (in the case of manufacturing with a mold) is fixed at a position facing the polishing tool 200.
- Reference numeral 150 in the drawing is an electric motor for driving the grinding tool 200 to rotate.
- the grinding tool 200 may be fixed, and the workpiece (workpiece) may be freely movable in the X, Y, and Z axis directions. In this position, necessary polishing may be performed. Also in this case, a grinding tool 200 as a processing tool is moved in a direction along the meridional surface (Y-axis direction: vertical direction), and a rotationally non-axisymmetric free-form lens surface or a mold is used. The molding surface of the molding die is formed.
- the lens surface is moved from the top to the bottom or from the bottom to the top.
- the present invention is not limited to these.
- the lens surface may be moved from the bottom to the top, and thereafter this may be repeated or moved from the center of the lens surface to the top or bottom.
- the manufacturing method of the lens and the reflecting mirror including the aspheric surface mounted on the projection display apparatus (projector) has been mainly described in detail.
- the present invention is not limited to these.
- on a road surface that is incorporated in a headlamp, attached to a tip portion, or incorporated in a tail lamp or attached to a rear portion and travels various information necessary for driving and driving an automobile.
- the rotationally non-axisymmetric free curved surface lens and the rotationally non-axisymmetric free curved surface reflecting mirror required for constituting the optical element of the vehicle image projection apparatus for projecting onto the same are also disclosed. It goes without saying to those skilled in the art that the manufacturing method of (1) can be applied.
- Example of this invention was described in detail, this invention is not limited to an above-described Example, Various modifications are included.
- the above-described embodiments are described in detail for the entire apparatus in order to easily understand the present invention, and are not necessarily limited to those having all the configurations described.
- a part of the configuration of one embodiment can be replaced with the configuration of another embodiment, and the configuration of another embodiment can be added to the configuration of one embodiment.
- DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 100 Projection type image display apparatus, L11, L12 ... Rotating non-axisymmetric free curved surface lens, L11-a, L12-a ... Lens effective area, M13 ... Rotating non-axisymmetric free curved surface mirror, M13-a ... Mirror effective Area 200 ... Processing tool (grinding tool) 250 ... Electric motor 300 ... Surface of lens or mirror 400 ... Surface of mold
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Abstract
Description
上述した回転非軸対称な自由曲面レンズ及びミラーは、一般的に、図10、図11にも示す5軸加工機による切削加工で製作するか、或いは図6に示すように研削により加工する製造方法がある。この内、研削加工は被加工物である回転非軸対称な自由曲面レンズの曲率の最小曲率部より小さい球状の曲率を有する加工ツールである研削バイト200を電動モータ250で回転駆動しながら、固定した被加工物(ワーク)であるプラスチックやガラスのレンズ又はミラーの表面300、又は、レンズ又はミラーの成形型の表面400(金型による製造の場合)に対して、三次元方向(図のX,Y,Z軸方向)に移動(所謂、走査:スキャン)しながら、求める非軸対称な自由曲面形状のレンズ面を形成することが行われている。
Claims (4)
- 回転非軸対称な面を含むレンズの製造方法であって、
被加工物の表面を研削又は切削手段により走査しながら前記レンズの表面を形成する際に、
前記研削又は切削手段による前記回転非軸対称な面の研削又は切削を、前記回転非軸対称な面のメリディオナル面に沿った方向に移動して走査しながら行う、回転非軸対称なレンズの製造方法。 - 回転非軸対称な面を含むレンズ成形型の製造方法であって、
被加工物の表面を研削又は切削手段により走査しながら前記回転非軸対称な面を形成する際に、
前記研削又は切削手段による前記回転非軸対称な面の研削又は切削を、前記回転非軸対称な面のメリディオナル面に沿った方向に移動して走査しながら行う、回転非軸対称なレンズ成形型の製造方法。 - 回転非軸対称な面を含む回転非軸対称面ミラーの製造方法であって、
被加工物の表面を研削又は切削手段により走査しながら前記回転非軸対称な面を形成する際に、
前記研削又は切削手段による前記回転非軸対称面の研削又は切削を、前記回転非軸対称面ミラーのメリディオナル面に沿った方向に移動して走査しながら行う、回転非軸対称面ミラーの製造方法。 - 回転非軸対称面を含む回転非軸対称面ミラー成形型の製造方法であって、
被加工物の表面を研削又は切削手段により走査しながら前記回転非軸対称な面を形成する際に、
前記研削又は切削手段による前記回転非軸対称な面の研削又は切削を、前記回転非軸対称面ミラーのメリディオナル面に沿った方向に移動して走査しながら行う、回転非軸対称面ミラー成形型の製造方法。
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US15/522,501 US10265831B2 (en) | 2015-01-27 | 2015-01-27 | Method for manufacturing lens, method for manufacturing molding die for lens, method for manufacturing mirror, method for manufacturing molding die for mirror, lens and molding die for lens |
CN201580064093.7A CN107003431B (zh) | 2015-01-27 | 2015-01-27 | 非旋转对称透镜/反射镜及其成形模具的制造方法 |
JP2016571536A JP6549160B2 (ja) | 2015-01-27 | 2015-01-27 | レンズ製造方法、レンズ成形型製造方法、ミラー製造方法、ミラー成形型製造方法 |
PCT/JP2015/052132 WO2016120985A1 (ja) | 2015-01-27 | 2015-01-27 | 回転非軸対称なレンズの製造方法、回転非軸対称なレンズ成形型の製造方法、回転非軸対称面ミラーの製造方法、及び回転非軸対称面ミラー成形型の製造方法 |
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WO2017126028A1 (ja) * | 2016-01-19 | 2017-07-27 | 日立マクセル株式会社 | 投写型映像表示装置 |
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CN114603430B (zh) * | 2022-05-10 | 2022-08-19 | 中国科学院光电技术研究所 | 一种深型轴棱锥光学元件表面碎带误差抑制方法 |
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JPWO2016120985A1 (ja) | 2017-09-14 |
CN107003431A (zh) | 2017-08-01 |
JP6549160B2 (ja) | 2019-07-24 |
US10265831B2 (en) | 2019-04-23 |
US20170326705A1 (en) | 2017-11-16 |
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