WO2016103670A1 - アンテナ装置 - Google Patents
アンテナ装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2016103670A1 WO2016103670A1 PCT/JP2015/006339 JP2015006339W WO2016103670A1 WO 2016103670 A1 WO2016103670 A1 WO 2016103670A1 JP 2015006339 W JP2015006339 W JP 2015006339W WO 2016103670 A1 WO2016103670 A1 WO 2016103670A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- phase shifter
- phase
- antenna device
- variable
- port
- Prior art date
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
- H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
- H01Q3/30—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array
- H01Q3/34—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array by electrical means
- H01Q3/36—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array by electrical means with variable phase-shifters
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
- H01P1/18—Phase-shifters
- H01P1/184—Strip line phase-shifters
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q11/00—Electrically-long antennas having dimensions more than twice the shortest operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
- H01Q11/02—Non-resonant antennas, e.g. travelling-wave antenna
- H01Q11/04—Non-resonant antennas, e.g. travelling-wave antenna with parts bent, folded, shaped, screened or electrically loaded to obtain desired phase relation of radiation from selected sections of the antenna
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
- H01Q21/061—Two dimensional planar arrays
- H01Q21/068—Two dimensional planar arrays using parallel coplanar travelling wave or leaky wave aerial units
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
- H01Q21/22—Antenna units of the array energised non-uniformly in amplitude or phase, e.g. tapered array or binomial array
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
- H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
- H01Q3/2682—Time delay steered arrays
- H01Q3/2694—Time delay steered arrays using also variable phase-shifters
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
- H01Q3/44—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the electric or magnetic characteristics of reflecting, refracting, or diffracting devices associated with the radiating element
- H01Q3/443—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the electric or magnetic characteristics of reflecting, refracting, or diffracting devices associated with the radiating element varying the phase velocity along a leaky transmission line
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
- H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
- H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
- H01Q1/241—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM
- H01Q1/246—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for base stations
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/0006—Particular feeding systems
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
- H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
- H01Q3/30—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array
- H01Q3/34—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array by electrical means
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an antenna device that performs wireless communication over a wide range.
- a phased array antenna is known as an antenna that scans a directional beam without physically moving the antenna.
- the phased array antenna is composed of a plurality of antenna elements.
- a phase shifter is connected to each antenna element. Each phase shifter changes the phase of the radio wave radiated from the connected antenna element.
- the phase shifter controls the amount of phase shift of the antenna element, so that the phased array antenna can scan the directional beam.
- Patent Document 1 discloses an array antenna capable of directivity control.
- Patent Document 2 discloses an antenna feeding network capable of phase adjustment.
- Patent Document 3 discloses a configuration in which a variable capacitor is connected to each antenna element of a phased array antenna.
- the phased array antenna described in Patent Document 3 changes the phase of the radio wave radiated from the antenna element by changing the value of the variable capacitor. By controlling the amount of phase shift of each antenna element in this way, the phased array antenna described in Patent Document 3 scans the beam.
- Patent Document 4 discloses a configuration of a phased array antenna having two or more element groups each including two or more antenna elements each having a variable reactance element.
- the phased array antenna described in Patent Document 4 changes the phase of the antenna element by changing the value of the variable reactance. By controlling the amount of phase shift of each antenna element in this way, the phased array antenna described in Patent Document 4 scans the beam.
- the phased array antennas described in Patent Documents 3 and 4 scan the beam by changing the capacitance value of the variable reactance element.
- the capacitance values of these antennas are large, the reflection loss of the variable reactance element increases in the high frequency band.
- the phased array antenna described in Patent Documents 3 and 4 can be used only in a low frequency band.
- the phased array antenna described in Patent Documents 3 and 4 needs to limit the capacitance value in order to reduce the loss. At this time, since the amount of phase shift of each antenna element becomes small, there is a problem that the beam scanning range becomes narrow.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a directional variable antenna device that suppresses loss and has a wide beam scanning range.
- a directivity variable antenna apparatus includes a first phase shifter, a second phase shifter, and a third phase shifter, the first phase shifter, and the second phase shifter.
- a power feeding unit that feeds power to the first to third phase shifters, the first phase shifter, the second phase shifter, and the second phase shifter And the third phase shifter have discontinuous characteristic impedances in the first connection portion and the second connection portion.
- the first effect of the present invention is that, in the variable directivity antenna apparatus, beam scanning is possible over a wide range with little loss.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a directivity variable antenna apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a configuration in which the directivity variable antenna apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention includes a control line.
- FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a specific configuration of the directivity variable antenna apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a phase shifter used in a specific configuration of the directivity variable antenna apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of a phase shifter used in a specific configuration of the directivity variable antenna apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a directivity variable antenna apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a configuration in which the directivity variable antenna apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention includes a control line.
- FIG. 3 is a
- FIG. 6A is an enlarged view of a phase shifter used in a specific configuration of the directivity variable antenna apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 6B is an enlarged view of the phase shifter used in the specific configuration of the directivity variable antenna apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a unit cell used in a specific configuration of the variable directivity antenna apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 8 is a graph showing the frequency characteristics of the attenuation constant and the phase constant in the unit cell used in the specific configuration of the directivity variable antenna apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 9 is a graph showing the frequency characteristics of the phase constant in the unit cell used in the specific configuration of the directivity variable antenna apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating a specific configuration of the directivity variable antenna apparatus according to the first embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 11 is a graph showing a radiation pattern in a specific configuration of the variable directivity antenna apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 12 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a directivity variable antenna apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 13 is an enlarged view of a phase shifter used in the configuration of the directivity variable antenna apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 14 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a directivity variable antenna apparatus according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 15 is an enlarged view of a phase shifter used in the configuration of the directivity variable antenna apparatus according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 16 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a directivity variable antenna apparatus according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 17A is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of a directivity variable antenna apparatus according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 17B is a block diagram showing a configuration of the directivity variable antenna apparatus according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 17C is a block diagram showing a configuration of the directivity variable antenna apparatus according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 17A is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of a directivity variable antenna apparatus according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 17B is a block diagram showing a configuration of the directivity variable antenna apparatus according
- FIG. 18 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a directivity variable antenna apparatus according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 19 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a directivity variable antenna apparatus according to the seventh embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 20 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a directivity variable antenna apparatus according to the eighth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration example of a directivity variable antenna apparatus 100 according to the first embodiment.
- the directivity variable antenna apparatus 100 according to the first embodiment includes phase shifters 101, 102, 103,..., 10N, connection units 111, 112,. 12.
- the phase shifters 101, 102, 103,..., 10N are in an open system with respect to free space, that is, in a state where electromagnetic waves can be transmitted and received from the outside.
- the phase shifters 101, 102, 103,..., 10N are composed of three or more phase shifters arranged linearly.
- the phase shifters 101, 102, 103,..., 10N are arranged linearly.
- these phase shifters 101, 102, 103,..., 10N may be arranged non-linearly.
- each of the phase shifters 101, 102, 103,..., 10N preferably includes a control line 14 that transmits a control signal for controlling the phase.
- phase shifters 101, 102, ..., 10N When the phase shifters 101, 102, ..., 10N are arranged in the order of the phase shifter 101, the phase shifter 102, ..., the phase shifter 10N, the relationship between the phase shifter 101 and the phase shifter 102, the phase shift
- the relationship between the phase shifter 103 and the phase shifter 103, ..., the relationship between the phase shifter 10 (N-1) and the phase shifter 10N is the characteristic impedance at each of the connecting portions 111, 112, ..., 11 (N-1). Is a discontinuous relationship.
- variable directivity antenna apparatus 100 radiates radio waves at each of connection portions 111, 112,..., 11 (N ⁇ 1).
- the phase shifters 101, 102, 103,..., 10N of the present embodiment are configured by two types of phase shifters in which the unit cells 13 are repeatedly arranged with the phase shifter 101 and the phase shifter 102 as unit cells 13.
- the configuration of the phase shifters 101, 102, 103,..., 10N is not limited to this.
- the phase shifter 103 is a different type of phase shifter from the phase shifter 101 and the phase shifter 102, and the phase shifters 101, 102, 103,..., 10N are composed of three types of phase shifters. Also good.
- the phase shifters 101, 102, 103,..., 10N may be composed of four or more types of phase shifters.
- the phase shifters 101, 102, 103,..., 10N may have a structure in which unit cells are repeatedly arranged as in the present embodiment.
- the phase shifters 101, 102, 103,..., 10N are arranged so that the phase delay of each unit cell is periodic. That is, the amount of phase rotation of the signal is the same in each unit cell.
- the phase shifters 101, 102, 103,..., 10N control the phases of the phase shifters 101, 102, 103,. Change the direction of the emitted radio wave. That is, the phase shifters 101, 102, 103,..., 10N can scan the radiation beam of the directional variable antenna device 100.
- Connection units 111, 112,..., 11 (N ⁇ 1) are sequentially arranged between the phase shifter 101 and the phase shifter 102, between the phase shifter 102 and the phase shifter 103,. 10 (N-1) and the phase shifter 10N are directly and electrically connected in series and without any other configuration. Connection units 111, 112,..., 11 (N-1) radiate radio waves due to discontinuities in characteristic impedance between the connected phase shifters. This principle will be briefly described. The electromagnetic signal fed to the phase shifter 101 propagates through the phase shifters 101, 102, 103,... However, if the impedance is discontinuous at the connecting portions 111, 112,..., 11 (N ⁇ 1), which are the junction points of the phase shifters 101, 102, 103,.
- the beams of the directivity variable antenna apparatus 100 are formed by combining the radio waves radiated from the connecting portions 111, 112,..., 11 (N-1).
- the power feeding unit 11 is connected to one end (in this embodiment, the phase shifter 101) of the phase shifters 101, 102, 103, ..., 10N.
- the power feeding unit 11 feeds an electromagnetic signal to the variable directivity antenna device 100.
- Terminating resistor 12 is connected to the end of phase shifters 101, 102, 103,..., 10N having an array structure not connected to power supply unit 11 (in this embodiment, phase shifter 10N). .
- the termination resistor 12 prevents unnecessary reflection at the termination of the variable directivity antenna device 100.
- Phase shifters 201, 202, 203,..., 20N, unit cell 23, connection sections 211, 212,..., 21 (N-1), power feeding section 21, and termination resistance section 22 are the same as phase shifter 101 in FIG. , 102, 103,..., 10 N, unit cell 13, connection units 111, 112,..., 11 (N ⁇ 1), power supply unit 11, and termination resistor unit 12, and detailed description thereof is omitted. To do.
- the phase shifters 201, 202, 203, ..., 20N are configured by connecting two variable reactance elements shunted to a hybrid coupler.
- phase shifters 201, 202, 203,..., 20N shown in FIG. 3 will be described in detail with reference to FIGS.
- FIG. 4 is an enlarged view showing the configuration of the phase shifter 201 shown in FIG.
- the phase shifter 201 includes a hybrid coupler 220 including a main line 221 and a sub line 222, and a variable reactance element 223.
- the hybrid coupler 220 sets the main line 221 and the sub line 222 so that the electrical lengths ⁇ m and ⁇ s become 90 ° at a desired frequency.
- the hybrid coupler 220 operates as an element called a 3 dB branch line coupler.
- the hybrid coupler 220 is not connected to the variable reactance element 223, when a signal is input to the port 220-1, the ports 220-2 and 220-3 output signals each having half the power. At this time, the port 220-4 does not output a signal. This is the basic operation of the 3 dB branch line coupler.
- the hybrid coupler 220 when the hybrid coupler 220 is connected to the short-circuited variable reactance element 223 at the ports 220-2 and 220-3, these operate as phase shifters.
- the hybrid coupler 220 of the present embodiment has the latter configuration. When a signal is input to the port 220-1, the hybrid coupler 220 outputs a signal from the port 220-4.
- the S matrix for ports 220-1 and 220-4 is described as follows.
- ⁇ is a phase component of S parameters S 41 and S 14 . From the form of the S parameter S 41 and S 14, both the absolute value becomes 1 at a desired frequency, in principle, signals between the port 220-1 and the port 220-4 is completely transparent.
- phase component ⁇ of the S parameters S 41 and S 14 is expressed as follows using the capacitance value C of the variable reactance element 223.
- the phase shifter 201 can control the phase ⁇ while maintaining perfect transmission between the port 220-1 and the port 220-4 by sweeping the capacitance value C of the variable reactance element 223. .
- the phase shifter 201 shifts the operating frequency of the phase shifter by adjusting the electrical lengths ⁇ m and ⁇ s by changing the length and thickness of the main line 221 and the sub line 222 of the hybrid coupler 220. Is possible.
- the distance d h represents the distance between the port 220-1 and the port 220-4 of the hybrid coupler 220.
- FIG. 5 is an enlarged view showing the configuration of the phase shifter 202 shown in FIG.
- the phase shifter 202 includes a hybrid coupler 230 including a main line 231 and a sub line 232, and a variable reactance element 233.
- the phase shifter 202, the main line 231, the sub line 232, and the variable reactance element 233 have the same functions as the phase shifter 201, the main line 221, the sub line 222, and the variable reactance element 223 of FIG. The detailed explanation is omitted.
- the distance d l represents the distance between the port 230-1 and the port 230-4 of the hybrid coupler 230.
- the phase shifter 301 which is the specific structure of the phase shifter 201 is demonstrated.
- the hybrid coupler 320 is designed such that the characteristic impedances Z 0 and Z 0 / ⁇ 2 of the main line 321 and the sub line 322 are 50.0 ⁇ and 35.4 ⁇ , respectively.
- one end of the variable reactance element 323 is connected to the ports 320-2 and 320-3, and the other end is short-circuited to the ground plate.
- the hybrid coupler 330 is designed such that the characteristic impedance Z 0 ′ of the main line 331 and the characteristic impedance Z 0 ′ / ⁇ 2 of the sub line 332 are 16.0 ⁇ and 11.3 ⁇ , respectively.
- a short-circuited variable reactance element 333 is connected to the ports 330-2 and 330-3.
- the port 320-4 and the port 330-1 have greatly different characteristic impedances Z 0 and Z 0 ′ of 50.0 ⁇ and 16.0 ⁇ .
- This state can be regarded as a state in which the characteristic impedance is discontinuous for the signal propagating through the phase shifter. Accordingly, radio waves are radiated at the connection portion 311 between the phase shifter 301 and the phase shifter 302.
- the width of the main line of the phase shifter 302 and the width of the main line of the phase shifter 302 are increased so that the difference in characteristic impedance is increased. It is valid.
- the Floquet theorem (also called the Bloch theorem in solid state physics) describes the characteristics of electromagnetic waves in a periodic structure as shown in FIG.
- the voltage V N and the current I N of the signal at the terminal number N are F matrix [A, B, C, D ]
- the propagation constant ⁇ + j ⁇ are expressed as follows.
- the determinant of the left-hand side matrix must be zero.
- the attenuation constant ⁇ and the phase constant ⁇ depend on the frequency. Therefore, the operation of the directivity variable antenna apparatus of the first embodiment is determined by the characteristics of the attenuation constant ⁇ and the phase constant ⁇ . In order to ensure the operation as an antenna, it is desirable that at least the attenuation constant ⁇ does not take a significantly large value in the band to be used. The reason is that the input signal is attenuated as it propagates through the arranged phase shifters and cannot be propagated efficiently, so that the entire antenna device cannot be fed. In this way, a band where the attenuation constant ⁇ takes a large value is called a forbidden band, a forbidden band, a stop band, or the like.
- the direction ⁇ of the beam principal axis in the radiation beam of the antenna is described by the phase constant ⁇ as follows.
- k 0 is the wave number in free space.
- the condition for satisfying Expression (7) that is, the condition for radiating the antenna is limited to the case where the relationship
- ⁇ 0 °
- the total value of the phase delay in each of the phase shifters 301, 302, 303,..., 30N is an integral multiple of a value twice the circumference.
- the adjustment of the phase constant ⁇ may be structural control of the unit cell 33 or electrical characteristic control.
- the phase constant ⁇ is a parameter closely related to the phase component ⁇ of the phase shifter as can be seen from the equation (6). Controlling the phase of the phase shifter corresponds to controlling the phase constant ⁇ itself.
- FIG. 8 is a dispersion relationship showing the result of analyzing the frequency characteristics of the attenuation constant ⁇ and the phase constant ⁇ of the unit cell 33 shown in FIG.
- the solid line (A) indicates the phase constant ⁇
- the dotted line (B) indicates the attenuation constant ⁇
- the solid line (C) indicates the wave number k 0 in free space.
- Each parameter is multiplied by d / ⁇ for convenience.
- the attenuation constant ⁇ has a finite value, that is, a forbidden band. It can be seen that in this band, the unit cell 33 cannot contribute to radiation.
- the attenuation constant ⁇ becomes almost zero from 2.1 GHz to 2.8 GHz. That is, the signal propagates through the periodic structure without being attenuated. In the same band, the relationship
- phase shifters 401, 402, 403,..., 40N are configured by connecting two variable reactance elements short-circuited to a Lange coupler.
- the second phase shifter group includes phase shifters 2-1, 2-2, 2-3,..., 2-N, and connection units 12-1, 12-2, 12-3,. 12- (N-1),...,
- the M-th phase shifter group includes phase shifters M-1, M-2, M-3,. 1M-2, 1M-3,..., 1M- (N-1).
- Phase shifters 1-1, 1-2,..., 1-N, connecting portions 11-1, 11-2,..., 11- (N-1), power feeding portion 61, and terminating resistor portion 62 are .., 10N, connecting portions 111, 112,..., 11 (N-1), the power feeding portion 11, and the terminating resistor portion 12 have the same functions as the phase shifters 101, 102, 103,. Therefore, detailed description is omitted.
- FIG. 19 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration example of the directivity variable antenna apparatus 900 according to the seventh embodiment.
- Directional variable antenna apparatus 900 in the seventh embodiment includes phase shifters 901, 902, 903,..., 90N, connection units 911, 912,. 92.
- Phase shifters 901, 902, 903,..., 90N, connection portions 911, 912,..., 91 (N ⁇ 1), and termination resistor portion 92 are the phase shifters 101, 102, 103 of the first embodiment. ,..., 10N, the connecting portions 111, 112,... Therefore, detailed description is omitted.
- the wireless device 91 of this embodiment has a replacement configuration of the power feeding unit 11 in the first embodiment described above.
- variable directivity antenna apparatus capable of scanning a beam by controlling the frequency is realized.
- the directivity variable antenna apparatus 1000 according to the present embodiment is similar to the directivity variable antenna apparatus 100 according to the first embodiment described above, and further includes transmission lines 1013-1, 1031-2, 1013-3,. N + 1), and transmission line connections 1010-1, 1010-2, 1010-3,..., 1010-2 ⁇ N.
- the transmission lines 1013-1, 1013-3, 1013-3,..., 1013- (N + 1) change the phase delay amount of the phase shifters 1001, 1002, 1003,. Control. This control of the phase delay amount shifts the operating frequency of the phase shifters 1001, 1002, 1003,.
- phase shifters 1001, 1002, 1003,..., 100N and the transmission lines 1013-1, 1031-2, 1013-3,..., 1013- (N + 1) are alternately and linearly arranged.
- a portion that does not include a transmission line may be included between the phase shifters, and the phase shifter and the transmission line are arranged non-linearly. Also good.
Landscapes
- Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
- Waveguide Aerials (AREA)
Abstract
Description
本発明の指向性可変アンテナ装置(アンテナ装置)の第1の実施の形態が、図面を参照して詳細に説明される。
本発明の指向性可変アンテナ装置の第2の実施の形態が、図面を参照して詳細に説明される。
本発明の指向性可変アンテナ装置の第3の実施の形態が、図面を参照して詳細に説明される。
本発明の指向性可変アンテナ装置の第4の実施の形態が、図面を参照して詳細に説明される。
本発明の指向性可変アンテナ装置の第5の実施の形態が、図面を参照して詳細に説明される。
本発明の指向性可変アンテナ装置の第6の実施の形態が、図面を参照して詳細に説明される。
本発明の指向性可変アンテナ装置の第7の実施の形態が、図面を参照して詳細に説明される。
本発明の指向性可変アンテナ装置の第8の実施の形態が、図面を参照して詳細に説明される。
第1の移相器、第2の移相器及び第3の移相器と、
前記第1の移相器と前記第2の移相器との間を直列かつ直接かつ電気的に接続する第1の接続部と、
前記第2の移相器と前記第3の移相器との間を直列かつ直接かつ電気的に接続する第2の接続部と、
前記第1乃至前記第3の移相器に給電する給電部と、を備え、
前記第1の移相器と前記第2の移相器と、及び前記第2の移相器と前記第3の移相器とは、第1の接続部及び第2の接続部において互いに特性インピーダンスが不連続であることを特徴とするアンテナ装置。
付記1に記載のアンテナ装置であって、
前記第1乃至前記第3の移相器の位相遅延の合計は、所定の周波数において円周率の2倍の値に対して整数倍であることを特徴とするアンテナ装置。
付記1に記載のアンテナ装置であって、
前記第1乃至前記第3の移相器は、所定の周波数において減衰定数がほぼゼロであることを特徴とするアンテナ装置。
付記1に記載のアンテナ装置は、前記第1乃至前記第3の移相器が各々の位相を制御するために必要な制御信号を送るための制御線をさらに備えることを特徴とするアンテナ装置。
付記1に記載のアンテナ装置であって、
前記第1乃至前記第3の移相器は直線状に配列されていることを特徴とするアンテナ装置。
付記1に記載のアンテナ装置は1つ又は複数の放射素子をさらに備え、
前記放射素子は前記接続部1か所につき1つ接続されることを特徴とするアンテナ装置。
第1の移相器、第2の移相器及び第3の移相器と、
伝送線路と、を備え、
前記第1乃至前記第3の移相器の各々は、第1のポート、第2のポート、第3のポート及び第4のポートを有するハイブリッドカプラと、リアクタンス値を制御可能な2つの可変リアクタンス素子と、を備え、
前記伝送線路は、前記第1の移相器の前記第4のポートと前記第2の移相器の前記第1のポートとの間、及び前記第2の移相器の前記第4のポートと前記第3の移相器の前記第1のポートとの間を直列かつ直接かつ電気的に接続し、
前記第1の移相器と前記伝送線路と、前記第2の移相器と前記伝送線路と、及び前記第3の移相器と前記移相器とは、互いに特性インピーダンスが不連続であることを特徴とするアンテナ装置。
第1の移相器、第2の移相器及び第3の移相器と、
前記第1の移相器と前記第2の移相器との間を直列かつ直接かつ電気的に接続する第1の接続部と、
前記第2の移相器と前記第3の移相器との間を直列かつ直接かつ電気的に接続する第2の接続部と、
前記第1乃至第3の移相器に給電する給電部と、
を備え、
前記第1の接続部及び前記第2の接続部は電波を放射し、
前記第1乃至前記第3の移相器が位相をそれぞれ制御することで前記電波の方向を制御し、放射ビームを走査することを特徴とするアンテナ装置。
101、102、…、10N 移相器
111、112、…、11(N-1) 接続部
11、21、…、61 給電部
12、22、…、62 終端抵抗部
13、23、33、43、53 単位セル
14 制御線
201、202、…、20N 移相器
211、212、…、21(N-1) 接続部
220、230 ハイブリッドカプラ
221、231 主線路
222、232 副線路
223、233 可変リアクタンス素子
220-1、220-2、220-3、220-4 ポート
230-1、230-2、230-3、230-4 ポート
301、302 移相器
320、330 ハイブリッドカプラ
321、331 主線路
322、332 副線路
323、333 可変リアクタンス素子
320-1、320-2、320-3、320-4 ポート
330-1、330-2、330-3、330-4 ポート
311 接続部
401、402、…、40N 移相器
411、412、…、41(N-1) 接続部
420 ランゲカプラ
421 主線路
422 線路
420-1、420-2、420-3、420-4 ポート
423 可変リアクタンス素子
501、502、…、50N 移相器
511、512、…、51(N-1) 接続部
520 タンデムカプラ
520-1、520-2、520-3、520-4 ポート
523 可変リアクタンス素子
601、602、…、60M 移相器群
1-1、1-2、…、1-N 移相器
2-1、2-2、…、2-N 移相器
M-1、M-2、…、M-N 移相器
11-1、11-2、…、11-(N-1) 接続部
12-1、12-2、…、12-(N-1) 接続部
1M-1、1M-2、…、1M-(N-1) 接続部
63 並列接続部
700a、700b、700c 指向性可変アンテナ装置
701a、702a、…、70Na 移相器
711a、712a、…、71(N-1)a 接続部
701b、702b、…、70Nb 移相器
711b、712b、…、71(N-1)b 接続部
701c、702c、…、70Nc 移相器
711c、712c、…、71(N-1)c 接続部
71a、71b、71c 給電部
72 終端開放部
73 終端リアクタンス部
74 終端短絡部
800、900、1000 指向性可変アンテナ装置
801、802、…、80N 移相器
811、812、…、81(N-1) 接続部
81、1011 給電部
82、92、1012 終端抵抗部
83 放射素子
901、902、…、90N 移相器
911、912、…、91(N-1) 接続部
91 無線機
1001、1002、…、100N 移相器
1010-1、1010-2、…、1010-2×N 伝送線路接続部
1013-1、1013-2、…、1013-(N+1) 伝送線路
Claims (10)
- 第1の移相器、第2の移相器及び第3の移相器と、
前記第1の移相器と前記第2の移相器との間を直列かつ直接かつ電気的に接続する第1の接続部と、
前記第2の移相器と前記第3の移相器との間を直列かつ直接かつ電気的に接続する第2の接続部と、
前記第1乃至前記第3の移相器に給電する給電部と、を備え、
前記第1の移相器と前記第2の移相器と、及び前記第2の移相器と前記第3の移相器とは、第1の接続部及び第2の接続部において互いに特性インピーダンスが不連続であることを特徴とするアンテナ装置。 - 請求項1に記載のアンテナ装置はビームを放射し、
前記第1乃至前記第3の移相器は、位相をそれぞれ制御することで前記ビームを走査することを特徴とするアンテナ装置。 - 請求項1に記載のアンテナ装置は、前記第1及び前記第2の移相器、又は前記第1乃至前記第3の移相器を単位セルとして、前記単位セルを繰り返し配列して構成され、
前記単位セル各々の位相遅延は周期的であることを特徴とするアンテナ装置。 - 請求項1に記載のアンテナ装置であって、
前記第1乃至前記第3の移相器の各々は、第1のポート、第2のポート、第3のポート及び第4のポートを有するハイブリッドカプラと、リアクタンス値を制御可能な2つの可変リアクタンス素子と、を備え、
2つの前記可変リアクタンス素子の一端は、前記第2のポートと前記第3のポートとに1つずつ接続され、
2つの前記可変リアクタンス素子の他端は短絡されていることを特徴とするアンテナ装置。 - 請求項4に記載のアンテナ装置は、前記可変リアクタンス素子のキャパシタンス値を制御することで、前記ビームを走査することを特徴とするアンテナ装置。
- 請求項4に記載のアンテナ装置であって、
前記ハイブリッドカプラは互いに特性インピーダンスが異なる主線路と副線路とを備え、
前記接続部は前記ハイブリッドカプラの前記主線路同士を接続し、
前記主線路の特性インピーダンスは、前記第1の移相器と前記第2の移相器と、及び前記第2の移相器と前記第3の移相器とで異なることを特徴とするアンテナ装置。 - 請求項1に記載のアンテナ装置であって、
前記第1乃至前記第3の移相器の配列構造の終端部は抵抗又はリアクタンスが接続されている、或いは開放又は短絡されていることを特徴とするアンテナ装置。 - 第1の移相器、第2の移相器及び第3の移相器と、
前記第1の移相器と前記第2の移相器との間を直列かつ直接かつ電気的に接続する第1の接続部と、
前記第2の移相器と前記第3の移相器との間を直列かつ直接かつ電気的に接続する第2の接続部と、
前記第1乃至前記第3の移相器に周波数可変な信号を送信及び受信の両方又はいずれか一方を行う無線機と、を備え、
前記第1の移相器と前記第2の移相器と、及び前記第2の移相器と前記第3の移相器とは、第1の接続部及び第2の接続部において互いに特性インピーダンスが不連続であり、 前記無線機は周波数を制御することで放射ビームを走査することを特徴とするアンテナ装置。 - 請求項1に記載のアンテナ装置であって、
前記第1の移相器と前記第2の移相器との長さの合計、及び前記第2の移相器と前記第3の移相器との長さの合計の両方又はいずれか一方は、所定の周波数における自由空間波長の半分の長さに比べて短いことを特徴とするアンテナ装置。 - 請求項1に記載のアンテナ装置は、前記第1乃至前記第3の移相器の配列構造を2群以上と、並列接続部と、をさらに備え、
前記並列接続部は2群以上の前記配列構造各々の一端を並列に接続し、
前記給電部は2群以上の前記配列構造へ給電することを特徴とするアンテナ装置。
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US15/535,798 US10535924B2 (en) | 2014-12-24 | 2015-12-21 | Antenna device |
JP2016565913A JPWO2016103670A1 (ja) | 2014-12-24 | 2015-12-21 | アンテナ装置 |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2014260897 | 2014-12-24 | ||
JP2014-260897 | 2014-12-24 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2016103670A1 true WO2016103670A1 (ja) | 2016-06-30 |
Family
ID=56149733
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2015/006339 WO2016103670A1 (ja) | 2014-12-24 | 2015-12-21 | アンテナ装置 |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US10535924B2 (ja) |
JP (1) | JPWO2016103670A1 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2016103670A1 (ja) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN110661102A (zh) * | 2019-09-29 | 2020-01-07 | 华南理工大学 | 移相装置及基站天线 |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2017176822A1 (en) * | 2016-04-07 | 2017-10-12 | Commscope Technologies Llc | Variable capacitors and switches fabricated using electrowetting on dielectric techniques and related phase shifters, base station antennas and other devices |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4348681A (en) * | 1980-08-29 | 1982-09-07 | Eaton Corporation | Series fed phased array antenna exhibiting constant input impedance during electronic scanning |
JPH0220908A (ja) * | 1988-07-08 | 1990-01-24 | Fujitsu Ltd | マイクロ波帯多段増幅器 |
JP2010220008A (ja) * | 2009-03-18 | 2010-09-30 | Denso Corp | アレーアンテナ,レーダ装置 |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5940030A (en) * | 1998-03-18 | 1999-08-17 | Lucent Technologies, Inc. | Steerable phased-array antenna having series feed network |
US6097267A (en) | 1998-09-04 | 2000-08-01 | Lucent Technologies Inc. | Phase-tunable antenna feed network |
US6667714B1 (en) * | 2000-05-03 | 2003-12-23 | Lucent Technologies Inc. | Downtilt control for multiple antenna arrays |
JP3970222B2 (ja) | 2002-08-16 | 2007-09-05 | 日本電信電話株式会社 | フェーズドアレイアンテナ |
US7907100B2 (en) | 2003-05-22 | 2011-03-15 | The Regents Of The University Of Michigan | Phased array antenna with extended resonance power divider/phase shifter circuit |
JP2005236389A (ja) | 2004-02-17 | 2005-09-02 | Kyocera Corp | アレーアンテナおよびそれを用いた無線通信装置 |
US7352325B1 (en) * | 2007-01-02 | 2008-04-01 | International Business Machines Corporation | Phase shifting and combining architecture for phased arrays |
-
2015
- 2015-12-21 WO PCT/JP2015/006339 patent/WO2016103670A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2015-12-21 JP JP2016565913A patent/JPWO2016103670A1/ja active Pending
- 2015-12-21 US US15/535,798 patent/US10535924B2/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4348681A (en) * | 1980-08-29 | 1982-09-07 | Eaton Corporation | Series fed phased array antenna exhibiting constant input impedance during electronic scanning |
JPH0220908A (ja) * | 1988-07-08 | 1990-01-24 | Fujitsu Ltd | マイクロ波帯多段増幅器 |
JP2010220008A (ja) * | 2009-03-18 | 2010-09-30 | Denso Corp | アレーアンテナ,レーダ装置 |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN110661102A (zh) * | 2019-09-29 | 2020-01-07 | 华南理工大学 | 移相装置及基站天线 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPWO2016103670A1 (ja) | 2017-10-05 |
US20180151953A1 (en) | 2018-05-31 |
US10535924B2 (en) | 2020-01-14 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US9455495B2 (en) | Two-dimensionally electronically-steerable artificial impedance surface antenna | |
KR102302466B1 (ko) | 도파관 슬롯 어레이 안테나 | |
JP2019050521A (ja) | アンテナ装置、無線通信装置および信号送信方法 | |
JP2003507915A (ja) | アパーチャ結合スロットアレイアンテナ | |
CA2892643A1 (en) | Surface-wave waveguide with conductive sidewalls and application in antennas | |
US20150155636A1 (en) | Dual antenna system | |
JP5495935B2 (ja) | アンテナ装置 | |
WO2016132499A1 (ja) | 漏れ波アンテナ | |
WO2016103670A1 (ja) | アンテナ装置 | |
WO2017017844A1 (ja) | 給電回路 | |
CN104685717A (zh) | 天线阵列及应用该天线阵列的相控系统 | |
IL259786B (en) | Conformal antenna | |
CN111029793A (zh) | 一种高频率敏感度频扫天线 | |
US20150333408A1 (en) | Antenna device and wireless transmission device | |
JP4444845B2 (ja) | ダイポールアンテナ | |
CN112042060B (zh) | 全息天线阵列以及全息天线阵列的全息相位校正 | |
US11575200B2 (en) | Conformal antenna | |
WO2022270031A1 (ja) | パッチアレイアンテナ、アンテナ装置、レーダー装置 | |
AU693616B2 (en) | A helical antenna | |
JP6785631B2 (ja) | アンテナ給電回路 | |
US20230095720A1 (en) | Antenna assembly having antenna elements in helical pattern | |
JP2020156089A (ja) | アンテナ装置 | |
JP2016139950A (ja) | アレイアンテナ装置、通信装置およびアレイアンテナ構成方法 | |
TWI549366B (zh) | Microstrip antenna structure | |
JP6022129B1 (ja) | 給電回路およびアンテナ装置 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 15872243 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 2016565913 Country of ref document: JP Kind code of ref document: A |
|
NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 15535798 Country of ref document: US |
|
122 | Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase |
Ref document number: 15872243 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |