WO2016101325A1 - 一种光伏组件自动清扫装置 - Google Patents

一种光伏组件自动清扫装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016101325A1
WO2016101325A1 PCT/CN2015/000017 CN2015000017W WO2016101325A1 WO 2016101325 A1 WO2016101325 A1 WO 2016101325A1 CN 2015000017 W CN2015000017 W CN 2015000017W WO 2016101325 A1 WO2016101325 A1 WO 2016101325A1
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Prior art keywords
assembly
end box
box assembly
photovoltaic module
cleaning device
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PCT/CN2015/000017
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English (en)
French (fr)
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张意铃
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张意铃
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L11/00—Machines for cleaning floors, carpets, furniture, walls, or wall coverings
    • A47L11/38—Machines, specially adapted for cleaning walls, ceilings, roofs, or the like
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
    • H02S40/00—Components or accessories in combination with PV modules, not provided for in groups H02S10/00 - H02S30/00
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
    • H01L21/67—Apparatus specially adapted for handling semiconductor or electric solid state devices during manufacture or treatment thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for handling wafers during manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or electric solid state devices or components ; Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/02—Details
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
    • H02S40/00—Components or accessories in combination with PV modules, not provided for in groups H02S10/00 - H02S30/00
    • H02S40/10—Cleaning arrangements
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of cleaning devices, in particular to an automatic cleaning device for cleaning photovoltaic modules.
  • photovoltaic power generation industry has become a new trend in the power generation industry at home and abroad due to its environmental protection and high energy quality.
  • photovoltaic panels used for photovoltaic power generation are usually installed outdoors. Outdoor dust, smog, rain, bird droppings, etc. will cause pollution and coverage of the photovoltaic panel surface, which greatly affects the conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module. Therefore, the photovoltaic panel surface of the photovoltaic module needs to be cleaned regularly. At present, most of them are manually used, scrubbed with simple tools, or washed directly with water, which is time consuming, laborious, and consumes a large amount of water, and the cleaning effect is poor. In addition, most of the photovoltaic power plants are built in the wilderness of the wilderness, and the terrain is uneven. Most of the on-site installation of photovoltaic modules is very negligible, which brings great difficulties to the cleaning of photovoltaic modules.
  • utility model patent CN203987878U discloses a board surface automatic cleaning device, which comprises a pair of end walking transmission boxes symmetrically arranged and clamped at both ends of the board surface to be cleaned, and arranged in sequence.
  • a walking four-corner limiting wheel is provided;
  • the end surface of the limit wheel is parallel to the surface to be cleaned, and the cylinder surface of the four-corner limit wheel is rolled on both sides of the flat surface to be cleaned to prevent deflection.
  • the device can realize the non-aqueous cleaning of the flat surface on a regular and efficient basis, and solves the defects in the prior art that the manual labor is large, the water consumption is large, and the applicable range is small, but the device is limited by the cleaning direction of the limiting wheel pair device. Bit, ie two The distance between the end limit wheels limits the cleaning of the photovoltaic panels that can only be applied to the same width, resulting in limited applicability.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an automatic cleaning device for a photovoltaic module, which can be applied to automatic cleaning of various different specifications of photovoltaic modules, and has a wider use range; and adopts a wheel structure driving, no need to set up a running track, and no external power supply is needed. It can provide itself with the energy needed for cleaning, thus realizing automatic cleaning of PV modules.
  • the present invention adopts a photovoltaic module automatic cleaning device, which comprises an upper end box assembly, an intermediate section assembly, a lower end box assembly, a frame, a motor, a transmission assembly and a cleaning assembly, and the upper end box assembly and the lower end box assembly.
  • the intermediate section assembly is integrally connected by the frame, and the cleaning component is respectively installed between the upper end box assembly and the intermediate section assembly and the lower end box assembly and the intermediate section assembly, the upper end box assembly, the lower end box assembly and the middle section assembly
  • the transmission components are respectively connected to the driving wheels and the cleaning assembly
  • the upper end box assembly is provided with a plurality of supporting wheels, the supporting wheels are arranged at the bottom of the upper end box assembly box, and the supporting wheel end faces are parallel
  • the lower end surface of the lower end box assembly is higher than the lower end surface of the upper end box assembly, and the driving wheel disposed on the lower end box assembly is extendable from the lower end surface of the lower end box assembly.
  • the top surface of the frame is provided with a protective cover
  • the protective cover includes an upper protective cover and a lower protective cover
  • the upper protective cover and the lower protective cover are respectively disposed on the upper end box assembly Between the intermediate section assembly and the lower end box assembly and the intermediate section assembly.
  • the present invention further includes a power supply module including a photovoltaic power generation component and a battery, wherein the photovoltaic power generation component and the battery are connected by a current transformer, and the battery is powered by the motor.
  • the present invention also includes an intelligent control system that activates the motor Stop controlling.
  • a limit switch is disposed on the frame, and the limit switch includes a left limit switch and a right limit switch respectively disposed on the left and right sides of the frame, the left limit switch and the right limit switch Connect the intelligent control system separately.
  • the device is driven by a wheel structure, and it is not necessary to set up a running track, and the metal frame of the photovoltaic module is directly used as a running track.
  • the device designs the lower end box assembly into an open structure, and only the supporting wheel on the upper end box assembly limits the cleaning direction of the device, and has no limitation on the width and narrowness of the photovoltaic module within a certain range, thereby improving the adaptability and generality of the device.
  • the bottom drive wheel of the lower end box assembly is in close contact with the plane of the photovoltaic module, the lower end surface of the lower end box assembly is higher than the plane of the photovoltaic module, thereby eliminating the width limitation of the cleaning device when assembled on the photovoltaic module, allowing the photovoltaic module to be installed. The error, thus improving the adaptability of the device to the actual situation of the photovoltaic power generation environment.
  • the device is covered by a protective cover plate to protect the structure body and brush of the device, and can effectively extend the service life of each structural member and brush.
  • the device does not need an external power supply. By setting up the PV module to generate electricity and store energy, the built-in battery is charged. After the working set time is reached, the intelligent control board starting device starts cleaning, which can realize the automatic cleaning of the PV module. .
  • the device can automatically judge the cleaning position, which is suitable for various PV modules of different specifications, improving the versatility and intelligence.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a plan view of the structure of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a plan view of the internal structure of the present invention when the protective cover is not installed.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing the installation position of the power supply module and the intelligent control system in the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a block diagram showing the structure of a circuit control system in the present invention.
  • a photovoltaic module automatic cleaning device as shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, comprising an upper end box assembly 1, an intermediate section assembly 11, a lower end box assembly 9, a frame 10, a motor 13, a transmission assembly 5 and a cleaning assembly 6, said upper end box
  • the assembly 1, the lower end box assembly 9 and the intermediate section assembly 11 are integrally joined by a frame 10, and the cleaning assembly 6 is mounted between the upper end box assembly 1 and the intermediate section assembly 11 and the lower end box assembly 9 and the intermediate section assembly 11, respectively.
  • the upper end box assembly 1, the lower end box assembly 9 and the intermediate section assembly 11 are respectively provided with driving wheels, and the transmission assembly 5 is respectively connected to the driving wheels and the cleaning assembly 6, and the upper end box assembly 1 is provided with at least two a support wheel 2, the support wheel 2 is disposed at the bottom of the box of the upper end box assembly 1, the end surface of the support wheel 2 is parallel to the plane of the photovoltaic module 21 to be cleaned, and the lower end surface of the lower end box assembly 9 is higher than the lower end of the upper end box assembly 1.
  • the end faces, and the drive wheels provided on the lower end box assembly 9 are extendable from the lower end faces of the lower end box assemblies 9.
  • the lower end box assembly 9 is designed as an open structure, only on the upper
  • the support box 2 is disposed on the end box assembly 1 to limit the cleaning direction of the device, and there is no restriction on the width and width of the photovoltaic module 21 within a certain range, thereby improving the adaptability and versatility of the device; when the bottom end of the device box 9 is driven to tighten the wheel
  • the photovoltaic module 21 is planar
  • the lower end surface of the lower end box assembly 9 is higher than the plane of the photovoltaic module 21, thereby eliminating the width limitation of the cleaning device when assembled on the photovoltaic module 21, allowing errors in the installation of the photovoltaic module, thereby improving the device.
  • a protective cover is disposed on the top surface of the device frame 10, and the protective cover includes an upper protective cover 19 and a lower protective cover 20, and the upper cover 19 and the lower cover 20 are respectively disposed at
  • the upper end box assembly 1 is intermediate between the intermediate section assembly 11 and the lower end box assembly 9 and the intermediate section assembly 11.
  • the cleaning device further includes a power supply module including a photovoltaic power generation component 12 and a battery 15, and the photovoltaic power generation component 12 and the battery 15 are connected by a current transformer 14, and the battery 15 supplies power for the operation of the motor 13;
  • the apparatus also includes an intelligent control system 16 that controls the start and stop of the motor 13.
  • a limit switch is disposed on the cleaning device, and the limit switch includes a left limit switch 17 and a right limit switch 18 respectively disposed on the left and right sides of the device, the left limit switch 17 and the right limit switch 18
  • the intelligent control system 16 is connected separately.
  • the automatic cleaning device of the embodiment comprises an upper end box assembly 1, an intermediate end assembly 11, a lower end box assembly 9, a frame 10, a cleaning assembly 6, a photovoltaic power generation assembly 12, and the upper and lower end box assemblies and the intermediate section assembly are connected by the frame 10.
  • two cleaning brushes in the cleaning assembly 6 are installed between the upper end box assembly 1 and the intermediate section assembly 11 and the lower end box assembly 9 and the intermediate section assembly 7.
  • the upper and lower end box assemblies are provided with a transmission assembly 5 for driving the drive wheel and the cleaning assembly 6, wherein the drive wheel and the cleaning assembly 6 rotate in opposite directions.
  • the upper end box assembly 1 is provided with a support wheel 2 and an upper drive wheel 3, the lower end box assembly 9 is provided with a lower drive wheel 8, and the intermediate section assembly 7 is provided with an intermediate drive wheel 7.
  • the automatic cleaning device When the straddle of the photovoltaic module 21, the support wheel 2 of the upper end box assembly 1 is placed on the upper side of the photovoltaic module 21 for limiting the running direction of the device; the entire device is disposed on the photovoltaic module 21 through the respective driving wheels; The device designs the lower end box assembly into an open structure, and only the support wheel on the upper end box assembly limits the cleaning direction of the device. Compared with the existing cleaning device, since the support wheel on the lower end box assembly is eliminated, The original clamping limit guiding structure is transformed into an open limit guiding structure. Under the premise of ensuring the limit guiding function, there is no restriction on the width and narrowness of the photovoltaic module within a certain range, thereby improving the adaptability and versatility of the device. Suitable for cleaning various PV modules of different specifications.
  • the motor 13 installed in the intermediate section assembly 11 first transmits power to the core shaft of the cleaning brush assembly 6 for cleaning the brush, and the power is transmitted to the upper and lower end box assemblies by the cleaning brush core shaft, respectively, and the transmission assembly 5
  • the power is decelerated and the steering is reversed and transmitted to the drive wheels. Since the drive wheels are connected together by the transmission assembly 5, the synchronous operation between the drive wheels can be maintained.
  • the electrical part of the embodiment includes: a photovoltaic power generation component 12, a motor 13, a DC-DC current conversion 14, a battery 15, an intelligent control board 16, a right limit switch 17, and a left limit switch 18; Under sufficient illumination, the photovoltaic power generation component 12 starts to generate electricity, and the output current is processed by the DC-DC current transformer 14 to charge the battery 15, and the battery 15 is powered by the intelligent control system 16 for the motor 13 of the cleaning device, and the battery capacity thereof. It can meet the power used in one cleaning cycle of the cleaning device.
  • the device is provided with an intelligent control system 16, which can set the working time of the cleaning device. When the set time is reached, the intelligent control system 16 will automatically start the cleaning device to start the cleaning operation.
  • the left limit switch 17 and the right limit switch 18 disposed on the left and right sides of the cleaning device are connected to the intelligent control system 16, and the left limit switch 17 and the right limit switch 18 are respectively used to determine the operating position of the cleaning device.
  • the position signal is transmitted to the intelligent control system 16, and the steering of the motor 13 is controlled by the intelligent control system 16, that is, when the cleaning device is operated to the extreme position of the photovoltaic module 21.
  • the judgment can be automatically performed and the reverse movement can be realized, thereby realizing the automatic up and down cycle of the cleaning device.
  • the limit switch of the cleaning device is used to check the stroke limit position. When the limit position is reached, the limit switch transmits a signal to the intelligent control system 16, and the cleaning device 16 automatically controls the cleaning device. Stop cleaning.
  • the automatic cleaning device for photovoltaic modules in the above embodiments is an automated mechanical device developed for efficient cleaning of photovoltaic modules in the photovoltaic power generation industry.
  • the cleaning device is laterally spanned on the cleaned photovoltaic module, and the driving wheel is rolled along the frame of the photovoltaic module, and the length of the brush on the cleaning component is consistent with the width of the surface of the photovoltaic module.
  • the driving component drives the brush mandrel and the transmission component, and drives the driving wheel through the transmission component to drive the cleaning device to follow the surface of the photovoltaic component; the brush in the cleaning component is closely attached to the surface of the photovoltaic component, and the steering is turned during operation. It is opposite to the direction in which the drive wheel rotates.
  • the cleaning brush rotates in the reverse direction of the running direction, and is cleaned against the surface of the photovoltaic module. Only one cleaning cycle is required, and the surface of the photovoltaic module can be cleaned.
  • a support wheel is arranged on the upper end box assembly, and the support wheel rolls on the side end surface of the photovoltaic panel. Since the photovoltaic module is installed on the inclined surface, when the walking direction of the cleaning device is biased When tilted, the support wheel can play the role of automatic correction.
  • the automatic cleaning device of the above embodiment adopts a modular design, and the main body is composed of two end box assemblies and intermediate section components, and is composed of a frame fixed connection; the cleaning component and the transmission component are combined on the main structure to form a photovoltaic component cleaning device. .

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
  • Cleaning In General (AREA)
  • Control Of Position, Course, Altitude, Or Attitude Of Moving Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

一种光伏组件自动清扫装置，包括上端箱组件（1）、中间段组件（11）、下端箱组件（9）、框架（10）、电机（13）、传动组件（5）和清扫组件（6），相比于现有的清扫装置，仅在上端箱组件（1）上设置有多个支撑轮（2），支撑轮（2）设置在上端箱组件（1）箱体的底部，支撑轮（2）端面平行于待清扫光伏组件（21）平面，所述下端箱组件（9）的下端面高于上端箱组件（1）的下端面，且下端箱组件（9）上设置的驱动轮可从下端箱组件的下端面伸出，从而使该装置可适用于各种不同规格光伏组件的自动清扫，使用范围更广；并且无需外接电源，可为自身提供清扫所需的能源；而且采用轮式结构驱动，无需架设运行轨道，直接以光伏组件金属边框为运行轨道，从而真正实现对光伏组件的自动清扫。

Description

一种光伏组件自动清扫装置 技术领域
本发明涉及清扫装置技术领域，特别涉及一种用于光伏组件清洁的自动清扫装置。
背景技术
目前，随着光伏发电行业的高速发展，光伏发电产业以其环保、能源质量高等优点，已成为国内外发电行业的一种新的趋势，但由于光伏发电所用的光伏板通常安装在室外，而室外的扬尘、雾霾、雨水、鸟类粪便等都会对光伏板面造成污染和覆盖，从而极大地影响光伏组件的转换效率，因此需要定期对光伏组件的光伏板面进行清扫。目前大多采用人工方式，使用简单工具进行擦洗，或直接用水冲洗，费时、费力，并消耗大量的水，而且清洗效果很差。另外，光伏发电厂大多建在荒滩野地，地势不平，光伏组件现场安装大多很不整齐，给光伏组件的清扫带来了很大的困难。
基于目前的现状，实用新型专利CN203987878U中公开了一种板面自动清扫装置，包括对称设置、且用于夹持在待清扫板面两端的一对端头行走传动箱，以及依次配合设置在所述一对端头行走传动箱上、且构成位于一对端头行走传动箱之间的中间行走段、第一清扫装置和第二清扫装置；所述一对端头行走传动箱、第一清扫装置和第二清扫装置，分别与中间行走段连接；并且在所述一对一端头行走传动箱中每个端头行走装置的两端内侧，均设有行走四角限位轮；所述行走四角限位轮的端面平行于待清扫板面，行走四角限位轮的柱面贴在平板待清扫板面两个侧面滚动行走，以防止运行偏斜。该装置可以实现定期高效自动对平板面进行无水清扫，解决了现有技术中人工劳动量大、耗水量大和适用范围小的缺陷，但该装置由于采用限位轮对装置的清扫方向进行限位，即两 个端头限位轮之间的距离限制了其只能适用于与该距离相同宽度光伏板面的清扫，导致其适用性受到一定的限制。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题在于提供一种光伏组件自动清扫装置，可适用于各种不同规格光伏组件的自动清扫，使用范围更广；并且采用轮式结构驱动，无需架设运行轨道，无需外接电源，可为自身提供清扫所需的能源，从而真正实现对光伏组件的自动清扫。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明采用了一种光伏组件自动清扫装置，包括上端箱组件、中间段组件、下端箱组件、框架、电机、传动组件和清扫组件，所述上端箱组件、下端箱组件和中间段组件由框架连接成一个整体，所述清扫组件分别安装在上端箱组件与中间段组件和下端箱组件与中间段组件之间，所述上端箱组件、下端箱组件和中间段组件上分别设置有驱动轮，所述传动组件分别连接各驱动轮和清扫组件，所述上端箱组件上设置有多个支撑轮，所述支撑轮设置在上端箱组件箱体的底部，支撑轮端面平行于待清扫光伏组件平面，所述下端箱组件的下端面高于上端箱组件的下端面，且下端箱组件上设置的驱动轮可从下端箱组件的下端面伸出。
进一步地，本发明中所述框架顶面设置有防护盖板，所述防护盖板包括上防护盖板和下防护盖板，所述上防护盖板和下防护盖板分别设置在上端箱组件与中间段组件和下端箱组件与中间段组件之间。
进一步地，本发明中还包括供电模块，所述供电模块包括光伏发电组件和蓄电池，所述光伏发电组件和蓄电池之间通过电流变换器进行连接，所述蓄电池为电机供电。
进一步地，本发明中还包括智能控制系统，所述智能控制系统对电机的启 停进行控制。
进一步地，本发明中所述框架上设置有限位开关，所述限位开关包括分别设置在框架左右两侧的左限位开关和右限位开关，所述左限位开关和右限位开关分别连接智能控制系统。
本发明所具有的有益效果：
1)该装置采用轮式结构驱动，无需架设运行轨道，直接以光伏组件金属边框为运行轨道行走。
2)该装置将下端箱组件设计成开放式结构，只在上端箱组件上设置支撑轮对装置的清扫方向进行限制，对光伏组件一定范围内的宽窄没有限制，从而提高装置的适应性和通用性；该装置下端箱组件底部驱动轮紧贴光伏组件平面时，下端箱组件的下端面高于光伏组件平面，从而消除了该清扫装置在光伏组件上组装时的宽度限制，允许光伏组件安装时的误差，从而提高本装置针对光伏发电环境实际状况的适应能力。
3)该装置采用防护盖板覆盖，对装置结构本体、毛刷等起到保护作用，可有效延长各结构件及毛刷使用寿命。
4)该装置无需外接电源，通过设置光伏组件进行发电并储能，给自带的蓄电池充电，在工作设定时间到后，智能控制板启动装置开始清扫，可真正实现对光伏组件的自动清扫。
5)该装置通过设置限位开关，可自动对清扫位置进行判断，从而适用于各种不同规格的光伏组件，提高了其通用性和智能化程度。
本发明的其它特征和优点将在随后的说明书中阐述，并且，部分地从说明书中变得显而易见，或者通过实施本发明而了解。
附图说明
图1是本发明结构示意图。
图2是本发明结构俯视图。
图3是本发明未安装防护盖板时的内部结构俯视图。
图4是本发明中供电模块和智能控制系统安装位置示意图。
图5是本发明中电路控制系统结构示意图。
图中：1-上端箱组件；2-支撑轮；3-上驱动轮；4-光伏组件；5-传动组件；6-清扫组件；7-中间驱动轮；8-下驱动轮；9-下端箱组件；10-框架；11-中间段组件；12-光伏发电组件；13-电机；14-DC-DC电流变换器；15-蓄电池；16-智能控制系统；17-左限位开关；18-右限位开关；19-上防护盖板；20-下防护盖板；21、光伏组件。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图，对本发明中该光伏组件清扫装置，其具体结构、特点进行详细的说明如下。
如图1至4所示的一种光伏组件自动清扫装置，包括上端箱组件1、中间段组件11、下端箱组件9、框架10、电机13、传动组件5和清扫组件6，所述上端箱组件1、下端箱组件9和中间段组件11由框架10连接成一个整体，所述清扫组件6分别安装在上端箱组件1与中间段组件11和下端箱组件9与中间段组件11之间，所述上端箱组件1、下端箱组件9和中间段组件11上分别设置有驱动轮，所述传动组件5分别连接各驱动轮和清扫组件6，所述上端箱组件1上设置有至少两个支撑轮2，所述支撑轮2设置在上端箱组件1箱体的底部，支撑轮2端面平行于待清扫光伏组件21平面，所述下端箱组件9的下端面高于上端箱组件1的下端面，且下端箱组件9上设置的驱动轮可从下端箱组件9的下端面伸出。本发明中将下端箱组件9设计成开放式结构，只在上 端箱组件1上设置支撑轮2对装置的清扫方向进行限制，对光伏组件21一定范围内的宽窄没有限制，从而提高装置的适应性和通用性；当该装置下端箱组件9底部驱动轮紧贴光伏组件21平面时，下端箱组件9的下端面高于光伏组件21平面，从而消除了该清扫装置在光伏组件21上组装时的宽度限制，允许光伏组件安装时的误差，从而提高本装置针对光伏发电环境实际状况的适应能力。
本发明中在该装置框架10顶面设置有防护盖板，所述防护盖板包括上防护盖板19和下防护盖板20，所述上防护盖板19和下防护盖板20分别设置在上端箱组件1与中间段组件11和下端箱组件9与中间段组件11之间。
该清扫装置还包括供电模块，供电模块包括光伏发电组件12和蓄电池15，所述光伏发电组件12和蓄电池15之间通过电流变换器14进行连接，所述蓄电池15为电机13的运行进行供电；该装置还包括智能控制系统16，所述智能控制系统16对电机13的启停进行控制。
该清扫装置上设置有限位开关，所述限位开关包括分别设置在该装置的左右两侧的左限位开关17和右限位开关18，所述左限位开关17和右限位开关18分别连接智能控制系统16。
本实施例的自动清扫装置，包括上端箱组件1、中间段组件11、下端箱组件9、框架10、清扫组件6、光伏发电组件12，上、下端箱组件和中间段组件由框架10相连接组成一个整体，清扫组件6中的两个清扫毛刷安装于上端箱组件1与中间段组件11及下端箱组件9与中间段组件7之间。上、下端箱组件中设有传动组件5，用于对驱动轮和清扫组件6进行驱动，其中驱动轮和清扫组件6旋转方向相反。上端箱组件1设有支撑轮2和上驱动轮3，下端箱组件9设有下驱动轮8，中间段组件7上设置有中间驱动轮7。该自动清扫装置 跨搭在光伏组件21上时，上端箱组件1的支撑轮2搭在光伏组件21上侧边上，用于对装置的运行方向进行限制；整个装置通过各个驱动轮设置在光伏组件21上；该装置将下端箱组件设计成开放式结构，只在上端箱组件上设置支撑轮对装置的清扫方向进行限制，相比于现有的清扫装置，由于取消了下端箱组件上的支撑轮，将原有的夹持限位导向结构转变为开放式限位导向结构，在保证限位导向功能的前提下，对光伏组件一定范围内的宽窄没有限制，从而提高装置的适应性和通用性，可适用于各种不同规格光伏组件的清扫。
本发明中，安装于中间段组件11中的电机13首先将动力传给清扫组件6上清扫毛刷的芯轴，由清扫毛刷芯轴分别将动力传给上、下端箱组件，传动组件5将动力减速并将转向反向后传给驱动轮，由于各个驱动轮之间通过传动组件5连接在一起，从而可以保持各驱动轮之间同步运行。
如图5所示，本实施例的电气部分包括：光伏发电组件12、电机13、DC-DC电流变换14、蓄电池15、智能控制板16、右限位开关17和左限位开关18；在光照足够条件下，光伏发电组件12开始发电，其输出电流经过DC-DC电流变换器14处理后为蓄电池15充电，蓄电池15通过智能控制系统16为该清扫装置的电机13进行供电，其电池容量可满足该清扫装置一个清扫循环所用电力。
该装置设置有智能控制系统16，智能控制系统16可对该清扫装置的工作时间能进行设定，当到达设定时间后智能控制系统16将自动启动清扫装置开始清扫工作。设置在该清扫装置左右两侧的左限位开关17和右限位开关18连接智能控制系统16，左限位开关17和右限位开关18分别用于对该清扫装置的运行位置进行判断，并将该位置信号传输到智能控制系统16，由智能控制系统16控制电机13的转向，即当该清扫装置运行到光伏组件21的极限位置 时，可自动进行判断，并实现反向运动，从而实现该清扫装置的自动上下循环。当一个清扫循环结束时，该清扫装置的限位开关用于检查行程极限位置，当运行到极限位置时，限位开关将信号传输到智能控制系统16，由智能控制系统16自动控制该清扫装置停止清扫作业。
上述实施例中的光伏组件自动清扫装置，是针对光伏发电行业，光伏组件高效清扫而开发的自动化机械装置。该清扫装置横向跨搭于被清扫的光伏组件上，驱动轮顺着光伏组件边框滚动行走，清扫组件上的毛刷长度和光伏组件的板面宽度一致。驱动组件驱动毛刷心轴和传动组件，通过传动组件带动驱动轮，驱动该清扫装置顺着光伏组件的板面行走；清扫组件中的毛刷紧贴于光伏组件的板面，运行时其转向和驱动轮转动方向相反。该清扫装置工作过程中，清扫毛刷沿运行方向逆向旋转，紧贴着光伏组件板面进行清扫，只需一个清扫循环，光伏组件板面就可以清扫干净。为保证该清扫装置可靠平行于光伏组件板面行走，在上端箱组件上设有支撑轮，支撑轮在光伏板侧端面滚动，由于光伏组件为倾斜面安装，当该清扫装置的行走方向出现偏斜时，支撑轮可起到自动纠偏的作用。
上述实施例的自动清扫装置，采用模块化设计，主体由两个端箱组件和中间段组件组成，并由框架固定连接组成；在主体结构上加装清扫组件及传动组件组合成光伏组件清扫装置。
本发明的说明书和附图被认为是说明性的而非限制性的，在本发明公开的技术方案的基础上，本领域的技术人员根据所公开的技术内容，不需要创造性的劳动就可以对其中一些技术特征作出一些替换和变形，这些替换和变形均在本发明的保护范围内。

Claims (5)

  1. 一种光伏组件自动清扫装置，包括上端箱组件、中间段组件、下端箱组件、框架、电机、传动组件和清扫组件，所述上端箱组件、下端箱组件和中间段组件由框架连接成一个整体，所述清扫组件分别安装在上端箱组件与中间段组件和下端箱组件与中间段组件之间，所述上端箱组件、下端箱组件和中间段组件上分别设置有驱动轮，所述传动组件分别连接各驱动轮和清扫组件，其特征在于：所述上端箱组件上设置有多个支撑轮，所述支撑轮设置在上端箱组件箱体的底部，所述下端箱组件的下端面高于上端箱组件的下端面，当所述清扫装置跨搭在光伏组件上时，所述各驱动轮支撑在光伏组件边框上，以光伏组件的边框为运行轨道，所述支撑轮支撑在光伏组件侧端面，支撑轮端面与光伏组件平面平行，且下端箱组件下端面高于光伏组件平面。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的自动清扫装置，其特征在于：所述框架顶面设置有防护盖板，所述防护盖板包括上防护盖板和下防护盖板，所述上防护盖板和下防护盖板分别设置在上端箱组件与中间段组件和下端箱组件与中间段组件之间。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的自动清扫装置，其特征在于：还包括供电模块，所述供电模块包括光伏发电组件和蓄电池，所述光伏发电组件和蓄电池之间通过电流变换器进行连接，所述蓄电池为电机供电。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的自动清扫装置，其特征在于：还包括智能控制系统，所述智能控制系统对电机的启停进行控制。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的自动清扫装置，其特征在于：所述框架上设置有限位开关，所述限位开关包括分别设置在框架左右两侧的左限位开关和右限位开关，所述左限位开关和右限位开关分别连接智能控制系统。
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