WO2016090700A1 - 牙齿全景图像的生成方法、装置及用于拍摄牙齿的全景机 - Google Patents

牙齿全景图像的生成方法、装置及用于拍摄牙齿的全景机 Download PDF

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WO2016090700A1
WO2016090700A1 PCT/CN2014/095921 CN2014095921W WO2016090700A1 WO 2016090700 A1 WO2016090700 A1 WO 2016090700A1 CN 2014095921 W CN2014095921 W CN 2014095921W WO 2016090700 A1 WO2016090700 A1 WO 2016090700A1
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panoramic image
image
generating
frame
panoramic
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PCT/CN2014/095921
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English (en)
French (fr)
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田明
林茂先
江东
牛玉
蔡广杰
赵有元
张建军
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合肥美亚光电技术股份有限公司
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Priority to EP14907746.3A priority Critical patent/EP3239923B1/en
Priority to US15/533,639 priority patent/US10602996B2/en
Publication of WO2016090700A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016090700A1/zh

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    • A61B6/50—Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis; Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis combined with radiation therapy equipment specially adapted for specific body parts; specially adapted for specific clinical applications
    • A61B6/51—Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis; Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis combined with radiation therapy equipment specially adapted for specific body parts; specially adapted for specific clinical applications for dentistry
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Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of image processing technologies, and in particular, to a method and an apparatus for generating a tooth panoramic image, and a panoramic machine for photographing teeth.
  • Oral panoramic film also known as oral tomography. It is currently one of the important detection methods for dental diseases.
  • the advantage is that the image of all the teeth can be displayed in one X-ray film with a small radiation dose.
  • digital oral panoramic films are generally imaged using TDI (Time Delayed and Integration) sensors or narrow area array sensors according to the TDI principle.
  • TDI Time Delayed and Integration
  • TDI is based on multiple exposures to the same target. By delaying the integration, the collection of light energy is greatly increased, the signal-to-noise ratio can be improved, and the weight and volume of the detector can be reduced.
  • the current problem is: when the user has a high degree of tooth decay, that is, when the front teeth are inclined at a relatively large angle, the anterior root imaging is performed by using the TDI sensor or the narrow area array sensor to image the oral panoramic image according to the TDI principle. Unclear situations occur, reducing the sharpness of the panoramic image.
  • the object of the present invention is to solve at least one of the above technical problems to some extent.
  • a first object of the present invention is to provide a method of generating a tooth panoramic image.
  • the method enables the user's teeth to be placed in the focusing layer whether it is the cusp or the root, thereby clear imaging and improving the sharpness of the panoramic image.
  • a second object of the present invention is to provide a device for generating a tooth panoramic image.
  • a third object of the present invention is to provide a panoramic machine for photographing teeth.
  • a fourth object of the present invention is to provide a storage medium.
  • a method for generating a tooth panoramic image includes: determining a frame frequency of a reference detector, and determining a frame frequency of the camera according to the frame frequency of the reference detector;
  • the frame rate of the user captures the teeth of the user to generate a plurality of images; shifts the plurality of images to form a first panoramic image; acquires a blurred region in the first panoramic image; and the blurred region
  • Each line is frame rate adjusted to form a sharpened image, and the sharpened image is blended with the first panoramic image to generate a second panoramic image.
  • the frame frequency of the reference detector may be determined first, and the frame frequency of the shooting detector is determined according to the frame frequency of the reference detector, and then the teeth of the user may be performed according to the frame frequency of the shooting detector.
  • the apparatus for generating a tooth panoramic image includes: a determining module, configured to determine a frame rate of the reference detector, and determining a frame frequency of the photographing detector according to the frame frequency of the reference detector; a first generating module, configured to: capture a plurality of images according to the frame rate of the shooting detector to generate a plurality of images; and a second generating module, configured to perform shifting and superimposing the plurality of images to generate a first panoramic image And an acquisition module, configured to acquire a blurred area in the first panoramic image; and a third generation module, configured to perform frame rate adjustment on each line of the blurred area to form a sharpened image, and clear the The image is fused with the first panoramic image to generate a second panoramic image.
  • the frame frequency of the reference detector may be determined by the determining module, and the frame rate of the shooting detector is determined according to the frame frequency of the reference detector, and the first generating module pairs the user according to the frame rate of the shooting detector.
  • the teeth are photographed to generate a plurality of images
  • the second generating module shifts the plurality of images to generate a first panoramic image
  • the acquiring module acquires the blurred region in the first panoramic image
  • the third generating module pairs each of the blurred regions Performing frame rate adjustment on one line to form a sharpened image, and merging the sharpened image with the first panoramic image to generate a second panoramic image, that is, by modifying the frame rate of the blurred area to perform image sharpening processing, that is, by Each line of the image is imaged with different frame rate variations, so that the user's teeth can be placed in the focusing layer whether it is the cusp or the root, thereby clear imaging and improving the sharpness of the panoramic image.
  • a panoramic machine for photographing teeth includes the present invention A device for generating a tooth panoramic image of the embodiment of the second aspect.
  • the reference detector frame rate is determined by the determining module in the tooth panoramic image generating device, and the shooting detector frame rate is determined according to the reference detector frame frequency
  • the first generating module The user's teeth are photographed according to the shooting detector frame rate to generate a plurality of images
  • the second generating module performs shifting and superimposing the plurality of images to generate a first panoramic image
  • the acquiring module acquires the blurred region in the first panoramic image
  • the three generation module performs frame rate adjustment on each line of the blurred area to form a sharpened image, and fuses the sharpened image with the first panoramic image to generate a second panoramic image, that is, by changing the frame rate of the blurred area.
  • Image sharpening processing that is, by imaging each line of the image with different frame frequency variation rules, the user's teeth can be placed in the focusing layer whether it is the cusp or the root, thereby clear imaging and improving the clarity of the panoramic image. degree.
  • a storage medium for storing an application for executing a method for generating a tooth panoramic image according to the first aspect of the present invention.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the frame rate used for detector acquisition changing with time according to a fixed law
  • Figure 2 (a) is a schematic view of the motion trajectory of the detector when the user's teeth are photographed;
  • Figure 2 (b) is a schematic view of the user's front teeth biting on the bite device
  • Figure 3 is a different effect view of different users' front teeth biting on the bite device
  • FIG. 4(a) is a flowchart of a method of generating a tooth panoramic image according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • 4(b) is a flow chart showing a specific process of shift superimposition according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing a display effect of a first panoramic image according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a view showing an example of an arrangement of rows in a narrow area image corresponding to an upper tooth and a lower tooth;
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a blur region, an image sharpening process, and an image sharpening process, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a correspondence relationship between a first weight and a second weight according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram showing a display effect of a second panoramic image according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a device for generating a tooth panoramic image according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a third generation module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the detector moves in a curved orbit. Therefore, the relative motion speed of the user's arch and the detector changes with time. Because the detector is fixed according to the motion track curve during each shooting, the relative motion speed of the user's arch and the detector is fixed. According to the working principle of TDI, the frame rate of the detector is strictly synchronized with the motion rate of the target. Therefore, in order to clearly image the teeth, the frame rate used by the detector changes with a fixed law with time, and is recorded as F(t), as shown in Fig. 1. .
  • the motion trajectory of the detector is a curve. Therefore, in the case where the frame frequency variation law is constant, only the motion speed of the object on the curve T in the space satisfies "strict synchronization with the detector frame rate", as shown in FIG.
  • the relative motion speed of the object on the curve and the detector can be referred to as Vs(t). That is to say, if the object is not on the curve T, then the relative motion speed of the detector and the detector cannot be synchronized with the frame frequency of the detector. The farther the distance curve T is, the greater the deviation between the velocity and Vs(t) is. When it is too large, it cannot be clearly imaged.
  • the range in which the image can be clearly imaged can be referred to as a focusing layer, as shown in FIG.
  • the frame rate variation law F(t) of each detector corresponds to a unique spatial curve T.
  • the position of the curve T can be changed, that is, the position of the focusing layer is changed, as shown in Fig. 3(c).
  • the support table of the CT (Computed Tomography) machine is provided with a snap device for positioning the user's position.
  • the bite seat is fixed (point A in Fig. 3, that is, the joint of the user's teeth and the snap device), wherein it can be understood that the "bite device” is generally a plastic piece, that is, mounted on a fixed position on the machine, regardless of the shooting. Whether it is a panorama or a CT, the user is required to bite the front teeth to fix the user's position.
  • the anterior teeth usually fall within the focusing layer, and the roots will be outside the focusing layer, which makes the anterior roots unable to be clearly imaged.
  • the conventional shooting method cannot affect the doctor's diagnosis because the thickness of the focusing layer is limited and the entire tooth cannot be photographed clearly.
  • the present invention provides a method and a device for generating a panoramic image of a tooth, and a panoramic machine for photographing a tooth.
  • the core idea is that each line of the image is imaged by using different frame frequency variations, and the teeth of the anterior teeth are used.
  • the frame frequency of the tip and the root is different, that is, the variation of the apex frame frequency - F cusp (t) is not equal to the root frame frequency variation law - F root (t). That is, the shape of the focusing layer is changed. In this way, even if the anterior teeth are greatly inclined, the root and the cusp can be simultaneously in the focusing layer, thereby clearly imaging.
  • a method, an apparatus, and a panoramic machine for photographing a tooth according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
  • FIG. 4(a) is a flow chart of a method of generating a tooth panoramic image in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 4(a), the method for generating the tooth panoramic image may include:
  • S401 Determine a frame rate of the reference detector, and determine a frame frequency of the shooting detector according to the frame rate of the reference detector.
  • the process of determining the frame rate of the reference detector may be: continuously adjusting the curve shown in FIG. 1 to perform shooting until the overall adjustment of the image is relatively clear, and the curve at this time is determined as a reference. Detector frame rate. After the reference detector frame rate is determined, the conventionally taken detector frame rate can be determined based on the reference detector frame rate.
  • the user's teeth are photographed according to a shooting detector frame rate to generate a plurality of images.
  • a narrow area array detector can be used to capture a user's teeth by using a conventionally taken detector frame rate to obtain a plurality of images. It can be understood that each image corresponds to one frame, and then each frame of the image can be performed. Stored as raw data. It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present invention, the teeth of the user may be photographed according to the frame frequency of the photographing detector by other types of detectors to generate a plurality of images, for example, an area array detector or the like.
  • the image of each frame can be shifted and superimposed according to the TDI principle to obtain a panoramic image, that is, a first panoramic image.
  • a panoramic image that is, a first panoramic image.
  • m is incremented by 1, and it is judged whether m after incrementing 1 is less than or equal to M (S504). If m after incrementing 1 is less than or equal to M, the above step S503 is continued until the Mth image is shifted and superimposed to generate a first panoramic image. That is to say, all the images are superimposed on the panorama, and the resulting superimposed result is the imaging result of the panorama, that is, the first panoramic image is obtained, and the display effect of the first panoramic image is as shown in FIG. 5.
  • the fuzzy area in the first panoramic image can be obtained by manual selection by the user, that is, the user can manually select the blurred area in the first panoramic image, when detecting The user selects the blurred area, and the blurred area in the first panoramic image can be obtained according to the user's selection. For example, assuming that the anterior region in the first panoramic image is unclear, the user can hold down the left mouse button and drag the mouse to select the blurred region to be adjusted. By Therefore, by manual selection, the user can select a blurred area that requires image sharpening according to his own needs.
  • the blur region in the first panoramic image may be automatically acquired by determining whether each region in the first panoramic image satisfies a preset condition.
  • the specific judging process is as follows: determining whether the image resolution of the first panoramic image reaches a preset threshold, and if not, acquiring an area where the image resolution does not reach the preset threshold as the blurred area. It should be understood that the judging process of this step is not limited to the above-mentioned judging scheme, and can also be used for other commonly used judging schemes, and details are not described herein again. Thereby, the blurred area can be automatically acquired, and the operation steps of the user are reduced.
  • the total number of lines of the blurred area may be acquired, and the frame rate of the shooting detector of each line is determined according to a preset frame frequency calculation model.
  • the blurred area can be deleted according to the shooting detector frame rate of each line and the preset frame drawing model to determine the frame reserved for each line.
  • the blurred area can be TDI recombined according to the frame reserved for each line to form a sharpened image, and the size of the sharpened image is adjusted to be the same as the size of the blurred area before the image sharpening process is not performed.
  • the resized image can be blended with the first panoramic image to generate a second panoramic image.
  • the preset frame frequency calculation model is:
  • N is the total number of rows of the blurred region
  • F n (t) is the frame frequency of the shooting detector of the nth row in the blurred region
  • the frame rate of the above-mentioned photographing detector of the first panoramic image is generated
  • k is a frame frequency variation amplitude
  • the preset frame drawing model is:
  • the merging the resized image with the first panoramic image to generate the second panoramic image may include the following steps: first determining the first according to the width value of the preset fusion region a first weight of the panoramic image, determining a second weight of the adjusted image after the resizing according to the width value of the preset fusion region; and then, according to the preset fusion model, the first panoramic image, and the first weight And the resized image and the second weight generate a second panoramic image.
  • the preset fusion model is:
  • I new is the merged image
  • I 0 is the first panoramic image
  • I part_new is the refined image after the resizing
  • weight1 is the first weight
  • weight2 is the second weight.
  • the blurred region is image-cleared
  • the specific image sharpening process is as follows: the frame frequency variation amplitude k can be set first ( 0 ⁇ k ⁇ 1), the frame rate of each line is determined according to the total number of rows N of the selected area, as shown in FIG. 6.
  • the frame rate of the shooting detector in the nth line is:
  • the frame rate of each line is changed by the original data frame by the newly determined frame rate F n (t).
  • the frame is extracted from the original image to delete some frames in the original image sequence, so as to retain the frame to be used, the frame width F n (t) of each line and the fuzzy region of the above formula (2) can be obtained according to each line.
  • the frame is deleted to determine the frame reserved for each line. If l in the above formula (2) is greater than or equal to 1, the p-th frame is reserved for use. If l is less than 1, the p-th frame is not used.
  • TDI recombination is performed on the blurred area according to the reserved frame of each line, that is, the original data after changing the frame rate of each line is subjected to TDI recombination, and the position of the focusing layer of each line is changed due to the change of the frame frequency, and finally formed.
  • the position of the focusing layer as shown in Fig. 3(c) allows the cusps and roots of the slanted front teeth to be placed in the focusing layer. It should be understood that the image becomes clear after the frame rate is changed, but the size is narrowed in the left and right direction, and the reorganized blurred area can be stretched to the original width size by the linear difference method.
  • the anterior region after the image is sharpened is merged with the first panoramic image to generate a second panoramic image.
  • the specific fusion process is as follows: the fusion region with the width d can be set first, and the method is set according to the method of FIG.
  • the weight, the first weight value 1 of the original image (ie, the first panoramic image) and the second weight weight2 of the new anterior region (ie, the anterior region after the image sharpening process) are obtained, and are weighted by the formula (3)
  • the method of sum obtains the fused image, that is, the second panoramic image, and the display effect of the second panoramic image is as shown in FIG.
  • I new in the formula (3) is the fused image
  • I 0 represents the original panorama before the anterior adjustment
  • I part_new represents the adjusted anterior region, that is, the diagram on the right in FIG. 7, and the weight1 indicates The weight of the original image
  • weight2 represents the weight of the image of the new anterior region.
  • the setting method of the weight1 and the weight2 may be: an unadjusted region, the weight2 is set to 0, and the weight1 is 1; as shown in FIG. 8, the width between the two regions is set to d.
  • the present invention does not use the general TDI principle to image, but uses a different frame rate for each line. That is to say, each line is internally based on the TDI principle, but because the frame rate of each line is different, the formation of the entire image is not an overall TDI process, but a lot of lines are separately TDI, plus other operations, and finally combined. Panoramic image.
  • the user's teeth can be placed on the focusing layer whether it is the cusp or the root, so that a panoramic image with high definition can be obtained.
  • the frame frequency of the reference detector may be determined first, and the frame frequency of the shooting detector is determined according to the frame frequency of the reference detector, and then the teeth of the user may be performed according to the frame frequency of the shooting detector.
  • the images may be smoothed, sharpened, contrast adjusted, etc. according to different users' habits. Thereby, the quality of the panoramic image can be improved.
  • An embodiment of the present invention further provides a device for generating a tooth panoramic image, which is provided by the embodiment of the present invention, and the above-described method for generating a tooth panoramic image provided by the above embodiments.
  • the method for generating a tooth panoramic image provided by the embodiments is corresponding to the method for generating a tooth panoramic image.
  • the embodiment of the method for generating a tooth panoramic image is also applicable to the device for generating a tooth panoramic image provided in this embodiment. description.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural view of a device for generating a tooth panoramic image according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the apparatus for generating a tooth panoramic image may include: a determining module 10, a first generating module 20, a second generating module 30, an obtaining module 40, and a third generating module 50.
  • the determining module 10 can be configured to determine a reference detector frame rate and determine a shooting detector frame rate based on the reference detector frame rate.
  • the first generation module 20 can be configured to capture a user's teeth according to a shooting detector frame rate to generate a plurality of images.
  • the second generation module 30 can be configured to perform shift overlay on a plurality of images to generate a first panoramic image.
  • the acquisition module 40 can be configured to acquire a blurred area in the first panoramic image.
  • the third generation module 50 can be configured to perform frame rate adjustment on each line of the blurred area to form a sharpened image, and fuse the sharpened image with the first panoramic image to generate a second panoramic image.
  • the third generation module 50 may include a first determining unit 51, a second determining unit 52, a recombining unit 53, and a generating unit 54.
  • the first determining unit 51 is configured to obtain a total number of lines of the blurred area, and determine a frame rate of the shooting detector of each line according to a preset frame frequency calculation model.
  • the second determining unit 52 is configured to delete frames of the blurred area according to the shooting detector frame rate of each line and the preset frame drawing model to determine a frame reserved for each line.
  • the recombining unit 53 can be used for TDI recombination of the blurred regions according to the frames reserved for each row to form a sharpened image, and the size of the sharpened image is adjusted to the size of the blurred region.
  • the generating unit 54 is configured to fuse the resized image with the first panoramic image to generate a second panoramic image.
  • the preset frame frequency calculation model is:
  • N is the total number of rows of the blurred region
  • F n (t) is the frame frequency of the shooting detector of the nth row in the blurred region
  • the frame width of the photographing detector of the first panoramic image is generated
  • k is a frame frequency variation amplitude
  • the preset frame drawing model is:
  • the generating unit 54 may be configured to: determine a first weight of the first panoramic image according to a width value of the preset fusion region, and determine a size according to a width value of the preset fusion region. Clearing a second weight of the image; generating a second panoramic image according to the preset fusion model, the first panoramic image, the first weight, the resized image, and the second weight.
  • the preset fusion model is:
  • I new is the merged image
  • I 0 is the first panoramic image
  • I part_new is the refined image after the resizing
  • weight1 is the first weight
  • weight2 is the second weight.
  • the frame frequency of the reference detector may be determined by the determining module, and the frame rate of the shooting detector is determined according to the frame frequency of the reference detector, and the first generating module pairs the user according to the frame rate of the shooting detector.
  • the teeth are photographed to generate a plurality of images
  • the second generating module shifts the plurality of images to generate a first panoramic image
  • the acquiring module acquires the blurred region in the first panoramic image
  • the third generating module pairs each of the blurred regions Performing frame rate adjustment on one line to form a sharpened image, and merging the sharpened image with the first panoramic image to generate a second panoramic image, that is, by modifying the frame rate of the blurred area to perform image sharpening processing, that is, by Each line of the image is imaged with different frame rate variations, so that the user's teeth can be placed in the focusing layer whether it is the cusp or the root, thereby clear imaging and improving the sharpness of the panoramic image.
  • the present invention also proposes a panoramic machine for photographing teeth, comprising the apparatus for generating a tooth panoramic image of any of the above embodiments.
  • the panoramic machine for photographing the teeth may be a CT machine having a CT function, or may be a single panoramic machine without a CT function, which is not specifically limited in the present invention.
  • the reference detector frame rate is determined by the determining module in the tooth panoramic image generating device, and the shooting detector frame rate is determined according to the reference detector frame frequency
  • the first generating module The user's teeth are photographed according to the shooting detector frame rate to generate a plurality of images
  • the second generating module performs shifting and superimposing the plurality of images to generate a first panoramic image
  • the acquiring module acquires the blurred region in the first panoramic image
  • the three generation module performs frame rate adjustment on each line of the blurred area to form a sharpened image, and fuses the sharpened image with the first panoramic image to generate a second panoramic image, that is, by changing the frame rate of the blurred area.
  • Image sharpening processing that is, by imaging each line of the image with different frame frequency variation rules, the user's teeth can be placed in the focusing layer whether it is the cusp or the root, thereby clear imaging and improving the clarity of the panoramic image. degree.
  • the present invention also provides a storage medium for storing an application for executing a method for generating a tooth panoramic image according to any of the embodiments of the present invention.
  • first and second are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated.
  • features defining “first” or “second” may include at least one of the features, either explicitly or implicitly.
  • the meaning of "a plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless specifically defined otherwise.
  • a "computer-readable medium” can be any apparatus that can contain, store, communicate, propagate, or transport a program for use in an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device, or in conjunction with the instruction execution system, apparatus, or device.
  • computer readable media include the following: electrical connections (electronic devices) having one or more wires, portable computer disk cartridges (magnetic devices), random access memory (RAM), Read only memory (ROM), erasable editable read only memory (EPROM or flash memory), fiber optic devices, and portable compact disk read only memory (CDROM).
  • the computer readable medium may even be a paper or other suitable medium on which the program can be printed, as it may be optically scanned, for example by paper or other medium, followed by editing, interpretation or, if appropriate, other suitable The method is processed to obtain the program electronically and then stored in computer memory.
  • portions of the invention may be implemented in hardware, software, firmware or a combination thereof.
  • multiple steps or methods may be implemented in software or firmware stored in a memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system.
  • a suitable instruction execution system For example, if implemented in hardware, as in another embodiment, it can be implemented by any one or combination of the following techniques well known in the art: having logic gates for implementing logic functions on data signals. Discrete logic circuits, application specific integrated circuits with suitable combinational logic gates, programmable gate arrays (PGAs), field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), etc.
  • each functional unit in each embodiment of the present invention may be integrated into one processing module, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one module.
  • the above integrated modules can be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of software functional modules.
  • the integrated modules, if implemented in the form of software functional modules and sold or used as stand-alone products, may also be stored in a computer readable storage medium.
  • the above mentioned storage medium may be a read only memory, a magnetic disk or an optical disk or the like.

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Abstract

一种牙齿全景图像的生成方法、装置及用于拍摄牙齿的全景机，其中该方法包括：确定基准探测器帧频，并根据基准探测器帧频确定拍摄探测器帧频；根据拍摄探测器帧频对用户的牙齿进行拍摄以生成多个图像；对多个图像进行移位叠加以生成第一全景图像；获取第一全景图像中的模糊区域；以及对模糊区域中的每一行进行帧频调整以形成清晰化图像，并将清晰化图像与第一全景图像进行融合以生成第二全景图像。通过将图像的每一行采用不同的帧频变化规律进行成像，使得用户的牙齿无论是牙尖还是牙根都能够放置在聚焦层内，从而清晰成像，提高了全景图像的清晰度。

Description

牙齿全景图像的生成方法、装置及用于拍摄牙齿的全景机
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求合肥美亚光电技术股份有限公司于2014年12月11日提交的、发明名称为“牙齿全景图像的生成方法、装置及用于拍摄牙齿的全景机”的、中国专利申请号“201410764395.2”的优先权。
技术领域
本发明涉及图像处理技术领域，尤其涉及一种牙齿全景图像的生成方法、装置以及一种用于拍摄牙齿的全景机。
背景技术
口腔全景片，又叫口腔曲面断层摄影。目前它是口腔科疾病重要的检测手段之一。优点是能在一张X光片中显示全部牙齿的影像，辐射剂量小。
目前，现在数字口腔全景片一般是采用TDI(Time Delayed and Integration，时间延迟积分)传感器，或窄面阵传感器按TDI原理进行成像。TDI是基于对同一目标多次曝光，通过延迟积分的方法，大大增加了光能的收集，可以提高信噪比，并可减小探测器重量和体积。
TDI工作原理要求扫描时探测器帧频与目标的运动速率严格同步，其对应关系如下：V＝R*F，其中R为像素尺寸(常数)，V是当前时刻物体和探测器的相对运动速度，F是当前时刻的探测器帧频。
目前存在的问题是：当用户龅牙程度比较厉害，即前牙倾斜角度比较大时，通过采用TDI传感器，或窄面阵传感器按TDI原理进行成像的口腔全景片时，会有前牙牙根成像不清楚的情况发生，降低了全景图像的清晰度。
发明内容
本发明的目的旨在至少在一定程度上解决上述的技术问题之一。
为此，本发明的第一个目的在于提出一种牙齿全景图像的生成方法。该方法能够使得用户的牙齿无论是牙尖还是牙根都能够放置在聚焦层内，从而清晰成像，提高了全景图像的清晰度。
本发明的第二个目的在于提出一种牙齿全景图像的生成装置。
本发明的第三个目的在于提出一种用于拍摄牙齿的全景机。
本发明的第四个目的在于提出一种存储介质。
为了实现上述目的，本发明第一方面实施例的牙齿全景图像的生成方法，包括：确定基准探测器帧频，并根据所述基准探测器帧频确定拍摄探测器帧频；根据所述拍摄探测器帧频对用户的牙齿进行拍摄以生成多个图像；对所述多个图像进行移位叠加以生成第一全景图像；获取所述第一全景图像中的模糊区域；以及对所述模糊区域的每一行进行帧频调整以形成清晰化图像，并将所述清晰化图像与所述第一全景图像进行融合以生成第二全景图像。
根据本发明实施例的牙齿全景图像的生成方法，可先确定基准探测器帧频，并根据基准探测器帧频确定拍摄探测器帧频，之后，可根据拍摄探测器帧频对用户的牙齿进行拍摄以生成多个图像，之后，可对多个图像进行移位叠加以生成第一全景图像，然后，获取第一全景图像中的模糊区域，并对模糊区域的每一行进行帧频调整以形成清晰化图像，以及将清晰化图像与第一全景图像进行融合以生成第二全景图像，即对模糊区域通过改变其的帧频以进行图像清晰化处理，即通过将图像的每一行采用不同的帧频变化规律进行成像，使得用户的牙齿无论是牙尖还是牙根都能够放置在聚焦层内，从而清晰成像，提高了全景图像的清晰度。
为了实现上述目的，本发明第二方面实施例的牙齿全景图像的生成装置，包括：确定模块，用于确定基准探测器帧频，并根据所述基准探测器帧频确定拍摄探测器帧频；第一生成模块，用于根据所述拍摄探测器帧频对用户的牙齿进行拍摄以生成多个图像；第二生成模块，用于对所述多个图像进行移位叠加以生成第一全景图像；获取模块，用于获取所述第一全景图像中的模糊区域；以及第三生成模块，用于对所述模糊区域的每一行进行帧频调整以形成清晰化图像，并将所述清晰化图像与所述第一全景图像进行融合以生成第二全景图像。
根据本发明实施例的牙齿全景图像的生成装置，可通过确定模块确定基准探测器帧频，并根据基准探测器帧频确定拍摄探测器帧频，第一生成模块根据拍摄探测器帧频对用户的牙齿进行拍摄以生成多个图像，第二生成模块对多个图像进行移位叠加以生成第一全景图像，获取模块获取第一全景图像中的模糊区域，第三生成模块对模糊区域的每一行进行帧频调整以形成清晰化图像，并将清晰化图像与第一全景图像进行融合以生成第二全景图像，即对模糊区域通过改变其的帧频以进行图像清晰化处理，即通过将图像的每一行采用不同的帧频变化规律进行成像，使得用户的牙齿无论是牙尖还是牙根都能够放置在聚焦层内，从而清晰成像，提高了全景图像的清晰度。
为了实现上述目的，本发明第三方面实施例的用于拍摄牙齿的全景机，包括本发明第 二方面实施例的牙齿全景图像的生成装置。
根据本发明实施例的用于拍摄牙齿的全景机，通过牙齿全景图像的生成装置中的确定模块确定基准探测器帧频，并根据基准探测器帧频确定拍摄探测器帧频，第一生成模块根据拍摄探测器帧频对用户的牙齿进行拍摄以生成多个图像，第二生成模块对多个图像进行移位叠加以生成第一全景图像，获取模块获取第一全景图像中的模糊区域，第三生成模块对模糊区域的每一行进行帧频调整以形成清晰化图像，并将清晰化图像与第一全景图像进行融合以生成第二全景图像，即对模糊区域通过改变其的帧频以进行图像清晰化处理，即通过将图像的每一行采用不同的帧频变化规律进行成像，使得用户的牙齿无论是牙尖还是牙根都能够放置在聚焦层内，从而清晰成像，提高了全景图像的清晰度。
为了实现上述目的，本发明第四方面实施例的存储介质，用于存储应用程序，所述应用程序用于执行本发明第一方面实施例所述的牙齿全景图像的生成方法。
本发明附加的方面和优点将在下面的描述中部分给出，部分将从下面的描述中变得明显，或通过本发明的实践了解到。
附图说明
本发明附加的方面和优点将在下面的描述中部分给出，部分将从下面的描述中变得明显，或通过本发明的实践了解到。
图1是探测器采集所用帧频随时间按固定规律变化的示意图；
图2(a)是探测器拍摄用户牙齿时的运动轨迹的示意图；
图2(b)是用户的前牙咬在咬合装置上的示意图；
图3是不同用户的前牙咬在咬合装置上所展现不同的效果图；
图4(a)是根据本发明一个实施例的牙齿全景图像的生成方法的流程图；
图4(b)是根据本发明一个实施例的移位叠加的具体过程的流程图；
图5根据本发明一个实施例的第一全景图像的展示效果的示意图；
图6是上牙、下牙所对应的窄面阵图像中行的排列方式的示例图；
图7是根据本发明的一个实施例的针对模糊区域、图像清晰化处理前与图像清晰化处理后的示意图；
图8是根据本发明一个实施例的第一权值与第二权值的对应关系的示意图；
图9是根据本发明一个实施例的第二全景图像的展示效果的示意图；
图10是根据本发明一个实施例的牙齿全景图像的生成装置的结构示意图；以及
图11是根据本发明一个实施例的第三生成模块的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面详细描述本发明的实施例，所述实施例的示例在附图中示出，其中自始至终相同或类似的标号表示相同或类似的元件或具有相同或类似功能的元件。下面通过参考附图描述的实施例是示例性的，旨在用于解释本发明，而不能理解为对本发明的限制。
应当理解，在全景片拍摄过程中，探测器按曲线轨道运动。因此用户牙弓与探测器相对运动速度大小随时间变化。因为每次拍摄过程中，探测器按运动轨道曲线固定，所以用户牙弓与探测器相对运动速度规律是固定的。由TDI工作原理要求，探测器帧频与目标的运动速率严格同步，所以为使牙齿清晰成像，探测器采集所用帧频随时间按固定规律变化，记为F(t)，如图1所示。
探测器的运动轨迹是一个曲线，因此在帧频变化规律一定的情况下，空间内只有一条曲线T上的物体的运动速度满足“与探测器帧频严格同步”，如图2所示。为描述方便，可将这条曲线上的物体与探测器的相对运动速度称为Vs(t)。也就是说，如果物体不在曲线T上，那么它与探测器的相对运动速度就不能与测器帧频同步，距离曲线T越远，其速度与Vs(t)偏差就越大，当差值过大时就无法清晰成像。应当理解，只有所拍摄的物体在距离曲线T较近的一个范围内，才能够清晰成像，因此，可将这里能够清晰成像的范围称为聚焦层，如图2。而每一种探测器帧频变化规律F(t)对应着唯一的空间曲线T，通过改变帧频可以改变曲线T的位置，即改变聚焦层位置，如图3(c)。
目前，由于所拍摄的牙齿不在聚焦层内而导致全景图像不清楚，主要有两个原因：(1)用户摆位有偏差使前牙不在聚焦层内，这使牙齿拍摄不清楚，但这一点只要医师正确操作一般是可以避免的；(2)人的前牙一般都有一定的倾斜角度，这与全景片有限的聚焦层厚度构成了矛盾。如果用户牙齿倾斜角度较小，则前牙的牙尖和牙根都在聚焦层内，此时可以清晰成像，如图3(a)。但是，如果用户前牙倾斜角度较大，这使前牙的牙根和牙尖不能同时放置在聚焦层中，如图3(b)所示。CT(Computed Tomography，电子计算机断层扫描)机的支撑台上设置有咬合装置，用于定位用户的位置，当拍摄全景片的时候，用户正确咬住咬合装置即可，由于拍摄全景片时用户的咬合位子固定(图3中A点，即用户的牙齿与咬合装置的结合处)，其中，可以理解，“咬合装置”一般为塑料件，即装在机器上一个固定的位置，每次拍摄无论是全景还是CT，都要求用户把前牙咬在上面，从而固定用户的位置。
因此，前牙牙尖一般都会落在聚焦层内，此时牙根会在聚焦层以外，这使得前牙牙根无法清晰成像。在这种情况下，传统的拍摄方法由于聚焦层厚度有限，无法将整颗牙齿拍摄清楚，从而影响医生的诊断。
为此，本发明提出了一种牙齿全景图像的生成方法、装置及用于拍摄牙齿的全景机，其核心思路为：图像的每一行采用不同的帧频变化规律进行成像，将前牙的牙尖和牙根处帧频不同，即牙尖帧频变化规律-F牙尖(t)不等于牙根帧频变化规律-F牙根(t)。即改变了聚焦层形状。这样，即使前牙有很大倾斜，也能使牙根和牙尖同时在聚焦层内，从而清晰成像。具体地，下面参考附图描述根据本发明实施例的牙齿全景图像的生成方法、装置及用于拍摄牙齿的全景机。
图4(a)是根据本发明一个实施例的牙齿全景图像的生成方法的流程图。如图4(a)所示，该牙齿全景图像的生成方法可以包括：
S401，确定基准探测器帧频，并根据基准探测器帧频确定拍摄探测器帧频。
具体而言，在本发明的实施例中，基准探测器帧频的确定过程可为：可不断调整图1所示的曲线进行拍摄，直到调整到图像整体比较清晰，此时的曲线定为基准探测器帧频。在基准探测器帧频确定之后，可根据基准探测器帧频确定常规拍摄的探测器帧频。
S402，根据拍摄探测器帧频对用户的牙齿进行拍摄以生成多个图像。
举例而言，可通过窄面阵探测器采用常规拍摄的探测器帧频对用户的牙齿进行拍摄，得到多个图像，可以理解，每个图像对应一个帧，之后可将每一帧的图像进行存储以作为原始数据。需要说明的是，在本发明的实施例中，还可通过其他类型的探测器根据拍摄探测器帧频对用户的牙齿进行拍摄以生成多个图像，例如，面阵探测器等。
S403，对多个图像进行移位叠加以生成第一全景图像。
具体地，可根据TDI原理移位叠加每一帧的图像以得到一幅全景图像，即第一全景图像。具体而言，在本发明的实施例中，如图4(b)所示，移位叠加的具体过程如下：假设图像的数量为M个，每个图像的宽度为W列，高度为h行则全景图像的高度也为h行(S501)。之后，初始化计数器m，令m＝1(S502)。然后，将第m个图像移位叠加至第一全景图像的第m列到第m+W-1列(S503)。之后，将m递增1，并判断递增1后的m是否小于或等于M(S504)。如果递增1后的m小于或等于M，则继续执行上述步骤S503，直至将第M个图像进行移位叠加以生成第一全景图像。也就是说，将所有的图像都要叠加在全景图上，最后得到的叠加结果就是全景图的成像结果，即得到第一全景图像，第一全景图像的展示效果如图5所示。
S404，获取第一全景图像中的模糊区域。
具体而言，在本发明的一个实施例中，可通过使用者的手动选择以获取第一全景图像中的模糊区域，即用户可手动框选出第一全景图像中的模糊区域，当检测到用户进行了模糊区域的选择，可根据用户的选择获取到第一全景图像中的模糊区域。例如，假设第一全景图像中的前牙区不清楚，使用者可按住鼠标左键拖动鼠标，选择要调整的模糊区域。由 此，通过人工选择，使用者可以根据自己需求选择需要图像清晰化处理的模糊区域。
在本发明的另一个实施例中，可通过判断第一全景图像中各个区域是否满足预设条件以自动获取第一全景图像中的模糊区域。具体的判断过程如下：判断第一全景图像的图像分辨率是否达到预设阀值，如果未达到，则获取图像分辨率未达到预设阀值的区域以作为模糊区域。应当理解，本步骤的判断过程不限于上述的判定方案，还可用于其他常用的判定方案，在此不再赘述。由此，可自动获取到模糊区域，减少了使用者的操作步骤。
S405，对模糊区域的每一行进行帧频调整以形成清晰化图像，并将清晰化图像与第一全景图像进行融合以生成第二全景图像。
具体而言，在本发明的实施例中，首先，可获取模糊区域的总行数，并根据预设的帧频计算模型确定每行的拍摄探测器帧频。之后，可根据每行的拍摄探测器帧频和预设的抽帧模型对模糊区域进行删除帧以确定每行保留使用的帧。然后，可根据每行保留使用的帧对模糊区域进行TDI重组以形成清晰化图像，并将清晰化图像的尺寸调整为与上述未进行图像清晰化处理之前的模糊区域的尺寸一致。最后，可将调整尺寸后的清晰化图像与第一全景图像进行融合以生成第二全景图像。其中，在本发明的实施例中，预设的帧频计算模型为：
Fn(t)＝F0(t)*((k-1)*n+N-k)/(N-1)，  (1)
其中，N为模糊区域的总行数，Fn(t)为模糊区域中第n行的拍摄探测器帧频，且n＝1,2,...,N，F0(t)为用于生成第一全景图像的上述拍摄探测器帧频，k为帧频变化幅度，且0<k<1。
此外，预设的抽帧模型为：
l＝floor(p*(Fn(t)/F0(t)))-floor((p-1)*(Fn(t)/F0(t)))，  (2)
其中，floor()为舍去小数部分取整函数，L为模糊区域使用的总帧数，p＝1,2,...,L且l<L，如果l大于或等于1，则第p帧保留使用，如果l小于1，则第p帧不使用。
进一步的，在本发明的实施例中，将调整尺寸后的清晰化图像与第一全景图像进行融合以生成第二全景图像具体可包括如下步骤：可先根据预设融合区域的宽度值确定第一全景图像的第一权值，根据预设融合区域的宽度值确定调整尺寸后的清晰化图像的第二权值；之后，可根据预设的融合模型、第一全景图像、第一权值、调整尺寸后的清晰化图像和第二权值生成第二全景图像。其中，在本发明的实施例中，预设的融合模型为：
Inew＝weight1*I0+weight2*Ipart_new，  (3)
其中，Inew为融合后的图像，I0为第一全景图像，Ipart_new为调整尺寸后的清晰化图像，weight1为第一权值，weight2为第二权值。
举例而言，以模糊区域为前牙区域为例，首先，对模糊区域(即前牙区域)进行图像清晰化处理，具体的图像清晰化处理过程如下：可先设定帧频变化幅度k(0<k<1)，根据所选区域总行数N，确定每一行的帧频，如图6。第n行的拍摄探测器帧频为：
Fn(t)＝F0(t)*((k-1)*n+N-k)/(N-1)
之后，对于第n行，根据新确定的帧频Fn(t)，通过原始数据抽帧的方式改变每一行的帧频。其中，对原始图像抽帧就是删除原始图像序列中的某些帧，以保留需要使用的帧，即可根据每行的拍摄探测器帧频Fn(t)和上述式(2)对模糊区域进行删除帧以确定每行保留使用的帧，如果上述式(2)中l大于或等于1，则第p帧保留使用，如果l小于1，则第p帧不使用。
再后，根据每行保留使用的帧对模糊区域进行TDI重组，即对每一行改变帧频后的原始数据进行TDI重组，由于帧频的改变，每一行的聚焦层位置发生了改变，最终形成了如图3(c)所示的聚焦层位置，使得倾斜较大的前牙的牙尖和牙根都能放置在聚焦层内。应当理解，帧频改变后图像变得清晰，但尺寸左右方向会变窄，可将重组后的模糊区域用线性差值的方法拉伸到原来的宽度尺寸。每行都进行同样的操作，即可得到清晰成像的前牙区域，如图7。还可以理解，通过线性差值的方法放大或缩小图像(或者沿着某个方向把图像拉伸)是一种非常成熟的图像处理方法，在此不再赘述。
然后，将图像清晰化处理后的前牙区域与第一全景图像进行融合以生成第二全景图像，具体的融合过程如下：可先设定宽度为d的融合区域，按照图8的方法设定权值，得到原图像(即第一全景图像)的第一权值weight1和新前牙区域(即图像清晰化处理后的前牙区域)的第二权值weight2，通过式(3)加权求和的方法得到融合后的图像，即第二全景图像，第二全景图像的展示效果如图9所示。
Inew＝weight1*I0+weight2*Ipart_new，  (3)
其中，式(3)中的Inew为融合后的图像，I0表示前牙调整之前原来的全景图，Ipart_new表示经过调整后清晰的前牙区域，即图7中右边的图，weight1表示原图像的权值，weight2表示新前牙区域图像的权值。此外，在本发明的实施例中，weight1、weight2的 设定方法可为：未经过调整的区域，设定weight2为0，weight1为1；如图8所示，两区域间设置宽度为d的过度区域，在过度区域中设定weight1、weight2从0到1呈线性分布，越靠近新调整的区域，weight1越小，weight2越大，且始终保证weight1+weight2＝＝1。
综上所述，与传统的牙齿全景图像的生成方法相比，本发明不再用一般的TDI原理成像，而是每行用不同的帧频。也就是说，每行内部是按TDI原理进行，但由于各行帧频不同，使整个图像的形成不是一个整体的TDI过程，而是很多行单独进行TDI，再加上其他操作，最后组合而成全景图像。由此，通过每行菜用不同的帧频，使得用户的牙齿无论是牙尖还是牙根都能够放置在聚焦层，从而能够得到具有高清晰度的全景图像。
根据本发明实施例的牙齿全景图像的生成方法，可先确定基准探测器帧频，并根据基准探测器帧频确定拍摄探测器帧频，之后，可根据拍摄探测器帧频对用户的牙齿进行拍摄以生成多个图像，之后，可对多个图像进行移位叠加以生成第一全景图像，然后，获取第一全景图像中的模糊区域，并对模糊区域的每一行进行帧频调整以形成清晰化图像，以及将清晰化图像与第一全景图像进行融合以生成第二全景图像，即对模糊区域通过改变其的帧频以进行图像清晰化处理，即通过将图像的每一行采用不同的帧频变化规律进行成像，使得用户的牙齿无论是牙尖还是牙根都能够放置在聚焦层内，从而清晰成像，提高了全景图像的清晰度。
需要说明的是，在本发明的一个实施例中，对于新生成的清晰度较好的全景图像还可以根据不同使用者的习惯对图像进行平滑、锐化、对比度调整等操作。由此，能够提高全景图像的质量。
与上述几种实施例提供的牙齿全景图像的生成方法相对应，本发明的一种实施例还提供一种牙齿全景图像的生成装置，由于本发明实施例提供的牙齿全景图像的生成装置与上述几种实施例提供的牙齿全景图像的生成方法相对应，因此在前述牙齿全景图像的生成方法的实施方式也适用于本实施例提供的牙齿全景图像的生成装置，在本实施例中不再详细描述。图10是根据本发明一个实施例的牙齿全景图像的生成装置的结构示意图。如图10所示，该牙齿全景图像的生成装置可以包括：确定模块10、第一生成模块20、第二生成模块30、获取模块40和第三生成模块50。
具体地，确定模块10可用于确定基准探测器帧频，并根据基准探测器帧频确定拍摄探测器帧频。
第一生成模块20可用于根据拍摄探测器帧频对用户的牙齿进行拍摄以生成多个图像。
第二生成模块30可用于对多个图像进行移位叠加以生成第一全景图像。具体而言，在本发明的实施例中，第二生成模块30可具体用于：假设图像的数量为M个，每个图像的宽度为W列；初始化计数器m，令m＝1；将第m个图像移位叠加至第一全景图像的第m列到第m+W-1列；将m递增1，并判断递增1后的m是否小于或等于M；如果递增1后的m小于或等于M，则继续将第m个图像移位叠加至第一全景图像的第m列到第m+W-1列，直至将第M个图像进行叠加以生成第一全景图像。
获取模块40可用于获取第一全景图像中的模糊区域。
第三生成模块50可用于对模糊区域的每一行进行帧频调整以形成清晰化图像，并将清晰化图像与第一全景图像进行融合以生成第二全景图像。
具体而言，在本发明的一个实施例中，如图11所示，该第三生成模块50可包括第一确定单元51、第二确定单元52、重组单元53和生成单元54。
具体地，第一确定单元51可用于获取模糊区域的总行数，并根据预设的帧频计算模型确定每行的拍摄探测器帧频。第二确定单元52可用于根据每行的拍摄探测器帧频和预设的抽帧模型对模糊区域进行删除帧以确定每行保留使用的帧。重组单元53可用于用于根据每行保留使用的帧对模糊区域进行TDI重组以形成清晰化图像，并将清晰化图像的尺寸调整为与模糊区域的尺寸。生成单元54可用于将调整尺寸后的清晰化图像与第一全景图像进行融合以生成第二全景图像。其中，在本发明的实施例中，预设的帧频计算模型为：
Fn(t)＝F0(t)*((k-1)*n+N-k)/(N-1)，  (1)
其中，N为模糊区域的总行数，Fn(t)为模糊区域中第n行的拍摄探测器帧频，且n＝1,2,...,N，F0(t)为用于生成第一全景图像的拍摄探测器帧频，k为帧频变化幅度，且0<k<1。
此外，预设的抽帧模型为：
l＝floor(p*(Fn(t)/F0(t)))-floor((p-1)*(Fn(t)/F0(t)))，
其中，floor()为舍去小数部分取整函数，L为模糊区域使用的总帧数，p＝1,2,...,L且l<L，如果l大于或等于1，则第p帧保留使用，如果l小于1，则第p帧不使用。
进一步的，在本发明的实施例中，生成单元54可具体用于：根据预设融合区域的宽度值确定第一全景图像的第一权值，根据预设融合区域的宽度值确定调整尺寸后的清晰化图像的第二权值；根据预设的融合模型、第一全景图像、第一权值、调整尺寸后的清晰化图像和第二权值生成第二全景图像。其中，在本发明的实施例中，预设的融合模型为：
Inew＝weight1*I0+weight2*Ipart_new，  (3)
其中，Inew为融合后的图像，I0为第一全景图像，Ipart_new为调整尺寸后的清晰化图像，weight1为第一权值，weight2为第二权值。
根据本发明实施例的牙齿全景图像的生成装置，可通过确定模块确定基准探测器帧频，并根据基准探测器帧频确定拍摄探测器帧频，第一生成模块根据拍摄探测器帧频对用户的牙齿进行拍摄以生成多个图像，第二生成模块对多个图像进行移位叠加以生成第一全景图像，获取模块获取第一全景图像中的模糊区域，第三生成模块对模糊区域的每一行进行帧频调整以形成清晰化图像，并将清晰化图像与第一全景图像进行融合以生成第二全景图像，即对模糊区域通过改变其的帧频以进行图像清晰化处理，即通过将图像的每一行采用不同的帧频变化规律进行成像，使得用户的牙齿无论是牙尖还是牙根都能够放置在聚焦层内，从而清晰成像，提高了全景图像的清晰度。
为了实现上述实施例，本发明还提出了一种用于拍摄牙齿的全景机，包括上述任一个实施例的牙齿全景图像的生成装置。
应当理解，在本发明的实施例中，用于拍摄牙齿的全景机可以是具有CT功能的CT机，还可以是没有CT功能的单全景机，本发明不做具体限定。
根据本发明实施例的用于拍摄牙齿的全景机，通过牙齿全景图像的生成装置中的确定模块确定基准探测器帧频，并根据基准探测器帧频确定拍摄探测器帧频，第一生成模块根据拍摄探测器帧频对用户的牙齿进行拍摄以生成多个图像，第二生成模块对多个图像进行移位叠加以生成第一全景图像，获取模块获取第一全景图像中的模糊区域，第三生成模块对模糊区域的每一行进行帧频调整以形成清晰化图像，并将清晰化图像与第一全景图像进行融合以生成第二全景图像，即对模糊区域通过改变其的帧频以进行图像清晰化处理，即通过将图像的每一行采用不同的帧频变化规律进行成像，使得用户的牙齿无论是牙尖还是牙根都能够放置在聚焦层内，从而清晰成像，提高了全景图像的清晰度。
为了实现上述实施例，本发明还提出了一种存储介质，用于存储应用程序，应用程序用于执行本发明任一项实施例所述的牙齿全景图像的生成方法。
在本发明的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括至少一个该特征。在本发明的描述中，“多个”的含义是至少两个，例如两个，三个等，除非另有明确具体的限定。
流程图中或在此以其他方式描述的任何过程或方法描述可以被理解为，表示包括一个或更多个用于实现特定逻辑功能或过程的步骤的可执行指令的代码的模块、片段或部分，并且本发明的优选实施方式的范围包括另外的实现，其中可以不按所示出或讨论的顺序，包括根据所涉及的功能按基本同时的方式或按相反的顺序，来执行功能，这应被本发明的 实施例所属技术领域的技术人员所理解。
在流程图中表示或在此以其他方式描述的逻辑和/或步骤，例如，可以被认为是用于实现逻辑功能的可执行指令的定序列表，可以具体实现在任何计算机可读介质中，以供指令执行系统、装置或设备(如基于计算机的系统、包括处理器的系统或其他可以从指令执行系统、装置或设备取指令并执行指令的系统)使用，或结合这些指令执行系统、装置或设备而使用。就本说明书而言，"计算机可读介质"可以是任何可以包含、存储、通信、传播或传输程序以供指令执行系统、装置或设备或结合这些指令执行系统、装置或设备而使用的装置。计算机可读介质的更具体的示例(非穷尽性列表)包括以下：具有一个或多个布线的电连接部(电子装置)，便携式计算机盘盒(磁装置)，随机存取存储器(RAM)，只读存储器(ROM)，可擦除可编辑只读存储器(EPROM或闪速存储器)，光纤装置，以及便携式光盘只读存储器(CDROM)。另外，计算机可读介质甚至可以是可在其上打印所述程序的纸或其他合适的介质，因为可以例如通过对纸或其他介质进行光学扫描，接着进行编辑、解译或必要时以其他合适方式进行处理来以电子方式获得所述程序，然后将其存储在计算机存储器中。
应当理解，本发明的各部分可以用硬件、软件、固件或它们的组合来实现。在上述实施方式中，多个步骤或方法可以用存储在存储器中且由合适的指令执行系统执行的软件或固件来实现。例如，如果用硬件来实现，和在另一实施方式中一样，可用本领域公知的下列技术中的任一项或他们的组合来实现：具有用于对数据信号实现逻辑功能的逻辑门电路的离散逻辑电路，具有合适的组合逻辑门电路的专用集成电路，可编程门阵列(PGA)，现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)等。
本技术领域的普通技术人员可以理解实现上述实施例方法携带的全部或部分步骤是可以通过程序来指令相关的硬件完成，所述的程序可以存储于一种计算机可读存储介质中，该程序在执行时，包括方法实施例的步骤之一或其组合。
此外，在本发明各个实施例中的各功能单元可以集成在一个处理模块中，也可以是各个单元单独物理存在，也可以两个或两个以上单元集成在一个模块中。上述集成的模块既可以采用硬件的形式实现，也可以采用软件功能模块的形式实现。所述集成的模块如果以软件功能模块的形式实现并作为独立的产品销售或使用时，也可以存储在一个计算机可读取存储介质中。
上述提到的存储介质可以是只读存储器，磁盘或光盘等。
在本说明书的描述中，参考术语“一个实施例”、“一些实施例”、“示例”、“具体示例”、或“一些示例”等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点包含于本发明的至少一个实施例或示例中。在本说明书中，对上述术语的示意性表述不必 须针对的是相同的实施例或示例。而且，描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点可以在任一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。此外，在不相互矛盾的情况下，本领域的技术人员可以将本说明书中描述的不同实施例或示例以及不同实施例或示例的特征进行结合和组合。
尽管上面已经示出和描述了本发明的实施例，可以理解的是，上述实施例是示例性的，不能理解为对本发明的限制，本领域的普通技术人员在本发明的范围内可以对上述实施例进行变化、修改、替换和变型。

Claims (16)

  1. 一种牙齿全景图像的生成方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
    确定基准探测器帧频，并根据所述基准探测器帧频确定拍摄探测器帧频；
    根据所述拍摄探测器帧频对用户的牙齿进行拍摄以生成多个图像；
    对所述多个图像进行移位叠加以生成第一全景图像；
    获取所述第一全景图像中的模糊区域；以及
    对所述模糊区域的每一行进行帧频调整以形成清晰化图像，并将所述清晰化图像与所述第一全景图像进行融合以生成第二全景图像。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的牙齿全景图像的生成方法，其特征在于，所述对所述多个图像进行移位叠加以生成第一全景图像包括：
    假设图像的数量为M个，每个图像的宽度为W列；
    初始化计数器m，令m＝1；
    将第m个图像移位叠加至第一全景图像的第m列到第m+W-1列；
    将m递增1，并判断递增1后的m是否小于或等于M；
    如果所述递增1后的m小于或等于M，则继续将第m个图像移位叠加至第一全景图像的第m列到第m+W-1列，直至将第M个图像进行移位叠加以生成所述第一全景图像。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的牙齿全景图像的生成方法，其特征在于，所述对所述模糊区域的每一行进行帧频调整以形成清晰化图像，并将所述清晰化图像与所述第一全景图像进行融合以生成第二全景图像包括：
    获取所述模糊区域的总行数，并根据预设的帧频计算模型确定每行的拍摄探测器帧频；
    根据所述每行的拍摄探测器帧频和预设的抽帧模型对所述模糊区域进行删除帧以确定每行保留使用的帧；
    根据所述每行保留使用的帧对所述模糊区域进行TDI重组以形成清晰化图像，并将所述清晰化图像的尺寸调整为与所述模糊区域的尺寸一致；以及
    将调整尺寸后的清晰化图像与所述第一全景图像进行融合以生成第二全景图像。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的牙齿全景图像的生成方法，其特征在于，所述预设的帧频计算模型为：
    Fn(t)＝F0(t)*((k-1)*n+N-k)/(N-1)，
    其中，N为所述模糊区域的总行数，Fn(t)为所述模糊区域中第n行的拍摄探测器帧频，且n＝1,2,...,N，F0(t)为用于生成所述第一全景图像的所述拍摄探测器帧频，k为帧频变化 幅度，且0<k<1。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的牙齿全景图像的生成方法，其特征在于，所述预设的抽帧模型为：
    l＝floor(p*(Fn(t)/F0(t)))-floor((p-1)*(Fn(t)/F0(t)))，
    其中，floor()为舍去小数部分取整函数，L为所述模糊区域使用的总帧数，p＝1,2,...,L且l<L，如果l大于或等于1，则第p帧保留使用，如果l小于1，则第p帧不使用。
  6. 根据权利要求1或3所述的牙齿全景图像的生成方法，其特征在于，所述将调整尺寸后的清晰化图像与所述第一全景图像进行融合以生成第二全景图像包括：
    根据预设融合区域的宽度值确定所述第一全景图像的第一权值，根据所述预设融合区域的宽度值确定所述调整尺寸后的清晰化图像的第二权值；
    根据预设的融合模型、所述第一全景图像、所述第一权值、所述调整尺寸后的清晰化图像和所述第二权值生成所述第二全景图像。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的牙齿全景图像的生成方法，其特征在于，所述预设的融合模型为：
    Inew＝weight1*I0+weight2*Ipart-new，
    其中，Inew为融合后的图像，I0为所述第一全景图像，Ipart-new为所述调整尺寸后的清晰化图像，weight1为所述第一权值，weight2为所述第二权值。
  8. 一种牙齿全景图像的生成装置，其特征在于，包括：
    确定模块，用于确定基准探测器帧频，并根据所述基准探测器帧频确定拍摄探测器帧频；
    第一生成模块，用于根据所述拍摄探测器帧频对用户的牙齿进行拍摄以生成多个图像；
    第二生成模块，用于对所述多个图像进行移位叠加以生成第一全景图像；
    获取模块，用于获取所述第一全景图像中的模糊区域；以及
    第三生成模块，用于对所述模糊区域的每一行进行帧频调整以形成清晰化图像，并将所述清晰化图像与所述第一全景图像进行融合以生成第二全景图像。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的牙齿全景图像的生成装置，其特征在于，所述第二生成模块具体用于：
    假设图像的数量为M个，每个图像的宽度为W列；
    初始化计数器m，令m＝1；
    将第m个图像移位叠加至第一全景图像的第m列到第m+W-1列；
    将m递增1，并判断递增1后的m是否小于或等于M；
    如果所述递增1后的m小于或等于M，则继续将第m个图像移位叠加至第一全景图像的第m列到第m+W-1列，直至将第M个图像进行叠加以生成所述第一全景图像。
  10. 根据权利要求8或9所述的牙齿全景图像的生成装置，其特征在于，所述第三生成模块包括：
    第一确定单元，用于获取所述模糊区域的总行数，并根据预设的帧频计算模型确定每行的拍摄探测器帧频；
    第二确定单元，用于根据所述每行的拍摄探测器帧频和预设的抽帧模型对所述模糊区域进行删除帧以确定每行保留使用的帧；
    重组单元，用于根据所述每行保留使用的帧对所述模糊区域进行TDI重组以形成清晰化图像，并将所述清晰化图像的尺寸调整为与所述模糊区域的尺寸一致；以及
    生成单元，用于将调整尺寸后的清晰化图像与所述第一全景图像进行融合以生成第二全景图像。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的牙齿全景图像的生成装置，其特征在于，所述预设的帧频计算模型为：
    Fn(t)＝F0(t)*((k-1)*n+N-k)/(N-1)，
    其中，N为所述模糊区域的总行数，Fn(t)为所述模糊区域中第n行的拍摄探测器帧频，且n＝1,2,...,N，F0(t)为用于生成所述第一全景图像的所述拍摄探测器帧频，k为帧频变化幅度，且0<k<1。
  12. 根据权利要求10所述的牙齿全景图像的生成装置，其特征在于，所述预设的抽帧模型为：
    l＝floor(p*(Fn(t)/F0(t)))-floor((p-1)*(Fn(t)/F0(t)))，
    其中，floor()为舍去小数部分取整函数，L为所述模糊区域使用的总帧数，p＝1,2,...,L且l<L，如果l大于或等于1，则第p帧保留使用，如果l小于1，则第p帧不使用。
  13. 根据权利要求10所述的牙齿全景图像的生成装置，其特征在于，所述生成单元具体用于：
    根据预设融合区域的宽度值确定所述第一全景图像的第一权值，根据所述预设融合区域的宽度值确定所述调整尺寸后的清晰化图像的第二权值；
    根据预设的融合模型、所述第一全景图像、所述第一权值、所述调整尺寸后的清晰化图像和所述第二权值生成所述第二全景图像。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的牙齿全景图像的生成装置，其特征在于，所述预设的融合模型为：
    Inew＝weight1*I0+weight2*Ipart-new，
    其中，Inew为融合后的图像，I0为所述第一全景图像，Ipart-new为所述调整尺寸后的清晰化图像，weight1为所述第一权值，weight2为所述第二权值。
  15. 一种用于拍摄牙齿的全景机，其特征在于，包括：根据权利要求8至14中任一项所述的牙齿全景图像的生成装置。
  16. 一种存储介质，其特征在于，用于存储应用程序，所述应用程序用于执行权利要求1-7中任一项所述的牙齿全景图像的生成方法。
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