WO2016065663A1 - 液晶面板及其制作方法 - Google Patents

液晶面板及其制作方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016065663A1
WO2016065663A1 PCT/CN2014/090469 CN2014090469W WO2016065663A1 WO 2016065663 A1 WO2016065663 A1 WO 2016065663A1 CN 2014090469 W CN2014090469 W CN 2014090469W WO 2016065663 A1 WO2016065663 A1 WO 2016065663A1
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liquid crystal
substrate
crystal panel
comb
electrode
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PCT/CN2014/090469
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English (en)
French (fr)
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钟新辉
李泳锐
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深圳市华星光电技术有限公司
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Priority to US14/422,683 priority Critical patent/US20160246085A1/en
Publication of WO2016065663A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016065663A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1334—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods based on polymer dispersed liquid crystals, e.g. microencapsulated liquid crystals
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/133528—Polarisers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1343—Electrodes
    • G02F1/134309—Electrodes characterised by their geometrical arrangement
    • G02F1/134363—Electrodes characterised by their geometrical arrangement for applying an electric field parallel to the substrate, i.e. in-plane switching [IPS]
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/133528—Polarisers
    • G02F1/133531—Polarisers characterised by the arrangement of polariser or analyser axes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/133528—Polarisers
    • G02F1/133538—Polarisers with spatial distribution of the polarisation direction

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of display technologies, and in particular, to a liquid crystal panel and a method of fabricating the same.
  • a liquid crystal display includes a housing, a liquid crystal panel disposed in the housing, and a backlight module disposed in the housing.
  • the liquid crystal panel is composed of a color filter substrate (CF), a thin film transistor array substrate (TFT Array Substrate), and a liquid crystal layer (filled between the two substrates).
  • CF color filter substrate
  • TFT Array Substrate thin film transistor array substrate
  • a transparent electrode is provided on the opposite inner side of the CF substrate and the TFT substrate.
  • the liquid crystal display controls the orientation of the liquid crystal molecules by the electric field, changes the polarization state of the light, and realizes the penetration and blocking of the optical path by the polarizing plate, thereby achieving the purpose of display.
  • TFT-LCD liquid crystal panels can be divided into three categories: Twisted Nematic/Super Twisted Nematic (TN/STN), Planar Conversion (IPS), and Vertical Alignment (VA). type.
  • TN/STN Twisted Nematic/Super Twisted Nematic
  • IPS Planar Conversion
  • VA Vertical Alignment
  • the liquid crystal panel itself does not emit light, and the backlight module is required to provide a light source. Since the transmittance of the LCD is low, most of the backlight is wasted, resulting in a low utilization ratio of the LCD to light. Low LCD transmittance comes from a number of factors, including polarizers, color filters, electrodes, etc., which block and absorb light.
  • a field sequence color display mode LCD has been invented, and its liquid crystal panel does not contain a color filter, and the color is directly provided by R, G, B, etc. Therefore, the penetration rate and light utilization rate can theoretically be increased by three times.
  • the LCD of the field sequential display mode requires a very fast response speed of the liquid crystal panel. At present, almost only blue phase liquid crystal displays can be competent, but the blue phase display has technical problems such as narrow process temperature and high driving voltage, and it is urgent to develop a new fast response. LCD mode.
  • the polymer-dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) display mode is a liquid crystal display mode in which a liquid crystal medium is dispersed in a polymer layer by a polymerization-induced phase separation technique, and the degree of light transmission is adjusted by controlling incident light scattering.
  • the basic structure of the liquid crystal panel for the PDLC display mode is as shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, which includes the upper glass substrate 10 and the lower glass.
  • the liquid crystal layer 30 contains not only liquid crystal molecules but also a polymerizable monomer which is sensitive to UV light.
  • the liquid crystal molecules and the polymerizable monomer are irregularly dispersed.
  • the polymerizable monomer is polymerized to form a polymer layer 302, and the liquid crystal molecules form liquid crystal droplets 303 and are dispersed in the polymer layer 302.
  • FIG. 1 shows that after the liquid crystal layer 30 is subjected to UV illumination, the polymerizable monomer is polymerized to form a polymer layer 302, and the liquid crystal molecules form liquid crystal droplets 303 and are dispersed in the polymer layer 302.
  • the pixel electrode of the liquid crystal panel for the PDLC display mode is composed of parallel electrodes 101 and 201 respectively disposed on the inner side of the upper and lower substrates 10 and 20, and between the parallel electrodes 101 and 201 when a voltage is applied.
  • a vertical electric field can be formed.
  • the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal droplets 303 are randomly arranged, and the incident light is refracted by the interface between the liquid crystal droplets 303 and the polymer layer 302, and the liquid crystal molecules arranged in the liquid crystal droplets 303. Reflection, scattering, etc., the original near-collimated incident light is changed to a scattered diffuse scattering state, and the panel displays a dark state of a hazy fog.
  • FIG. 5 after the voltage is applied, the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal droplets 303 are uniformly arranged in the direction of the electric field by the electric field, and most of the incident light remains unchanged in the original traveling direction, and the panel is transparent.
  • the liquid crystal panel used for the PDLC display mode has no polarizer, the so-called dark state only diffuses the light, but the brightness is still strong, so the contrast of the liquid crystal panel is low, and the number of grayscale divisions is low, and currently Display applications for large information capacity, but usually used in lower-end applications, such as bathroom glass doors, office screen curtains, exterior glass walls, for adjusting transparency, or switching to control transparent or non-transparent conditions, etc. .
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for fabricating a liquid crystal panel, which enables the liquid crystal panel to have a faster response speed, a higher contrast ratio, and a higher light transmittance and utilization rate.
  • the present invention firstly provides a liquid crystal panel, comprising: a first substrate, a second substrate disposed opposite to the first substrate, a liquid crystal layer disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate, An upper polarizer disposed on a side of the first substrate away from the liquid crystal layer, a lower polarizer disposed on a side of the second substrate away from the liquid crystal layer, and a comb electrode disposed on a side of the second substrate adjacent to the liquid crystal layer;
  • the liquid crystal layer is a polymer dispersed liquid crystal structure comprising a polymer layer and liquid crystal droplets dispersed in the polymer layer; the upper polarizer and the lower polarizer are perpendicular to each other in an axial direction and are respectively inclined with respect to the comb electrode
  • the comb-shaped electrode is used to generate a horizontal electric field to drive liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal droplets.
  • the axial directions of the upper polarizer and the lower polarizer are respectively at an angle of 45 degrees with the comb-shaped electrode.
  • the liquid crystal droplets are ellipsoidal.
  • the liquid crystal droplets have a size of 20 nm to 200 nm; the liquid crystal droplets are smaller than the visible light wavelength.
  • the comb-shaped electrode is composed of a pixel electrode and a common electrode, and the pixel electrode and the common electrode are alternately arranged in a horizontal direction.
  • the liquid crystal layer is obtained by UV irradiation or heating of a mixture of a polymer monomer and liquid crystal molecules.
  • the polymerizable monomer is one or a combination of an acrylate and a derivative thereof, a methacrylate and a derivative thereof, styrene and a derivative thereof, an epoxy resin, and a fatty amine-based epoxy curing agent.
  • the proportion of the polymerizable monomer in the mixture is 10-50%.
  • the present invention also provides a liquid crystal panel comprising: a first substrate, a second substrate disposed opposite the first substrate, a liquid crystal layer disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate, and being disposed at the first An upper polarizer on a side of the substrate away from the liquid crystal layer, a lower polarizer disposed on a side of the second substrate away from the liquid crystal layer, and a comb electrode disposed on a side of the second substrate adjacent to the liquid crystal layer;
  • the liquid crystal layer is a polymer dispersed liquid crystal structure comprising a polymer layer and liquid crystal droplets dispersed in the polymer layer, the liquid crystal droplets being ellipsoidal;
  • the upper polarizer and the lower polarizer being perpendicular to each other in an axial direction and respectively opposite to
  • the comb-shaped electrode is inclined, and the comb-shaped electrode is used to generate a horizontal electric field to drive liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal droplet;
  • the comb-shaped electrode is composed of a pixel electrode and a common electrode, and the pixel electrode and the common electrode are alternately arranged in a horizontal direction.
  • the axial directions of the upper polarizer and the lower polarizer are respectively at an angle of 45 degrees with the comb-shaped electrode.
  • the liquid crystal droplets have a size of 20 nm to 200 nm; the liquid crystal droplets are smaller than the visible light wavelength.
  • the liquid crystal layer is obtained by UV irradiation or heating of a mixture of a polymerizable monomer and liquid crystal molecules.
  • the polymerizable monomer is one or a combination of an acrylate and a derivative thereof, a methacrylate and a derivative thereof, styrene and a derivative thereof, an epoxy resin, and a fatty amine-based epoxy curing agent.
  • the proportion of the polymerizable monomer in the mixture is 10-50%.
  • the invention also provides a method for manufacturing a liquid crystal panel, comprising the following steps:
  • Step 1 providing a first substrate and a second substrate disposed opposite to the first substrate, wherein an upper polarizer is disposed on a side of the first substrate away from the second substrate, and the second substrate is away from the first substrate
  • One side of the second substrate is provided with a lower polarizer, and a side of the second substrate adjacent to the first substrate is provided with a comb-shaped electrode;
  • the upper polarizer and the lower polarizer are perpendicular to each other in the axial direction, and are respectively inclined with respect to the comb electrode;
  • Step 2 providing a mixture of liquid crystal molecules and a polymerizable monomer between the first substrate and the second substrate;
  • the proportion of the polymerizable monomer is 10-50%;
  • Step 3 the mixture is subjected to UV irradiation or heating to polymerize the polymerizable monomer to form a polymer layer and liquid crystal droplets dispersed in the polymer layer;
  • the polymer layer and liquid crystal droplets dispersed in the polymer layer constitute a liquid crystal layer.
  • the axial direction of the upper polarizer and the lower polarizer are respectively at an angle of 45 degrees with the comb-shaped electrode;
  • the comb-shaped electrode is composed of a pixel electrode and a common electrode, and the pixel electrode and the common electrode are in a horizontal direction. Arranged alternately on top;
  • the polymerizable monomer is a kind of acrylate and its derivatives, methacrylate and its derivatives, styrene and its derivatives, epoxy resin and aliphatic amine epoxy curing agent. Or combination;
  • the step 3 is performed by UV irradiation in a temperature range of -30 ° C to 120 ° C or by oven, ultrasonic or infrared heating;
  • the liquid crystal droplets are ellipsoidal in shape and have a size of 20 nm to 200 nm, and the liquid crystal droplets are smaller than the visible light wavelength.
  • the present invention provides a liquid crystal panel which does not contain a color filter film and which has a higher liquid crystal panel by adding an upper and lower polarizer to the existing liquid crystal panel for the PDLC display mode.
  • the contrast ratio and the light transmittance and utilization are improved, and since the liquid crystal droplets dispersed in the polymer layer are small, the liquid crystal panel can be made to have a faster response speed and is suitable for the field sequential display mode.
  • the invention provides a method for fabricating a liquid crystal panel, which can enable the liquid crystal panel to have a faster response speed, a higher contrast ratio, and a higher light transmittance and utilization rate.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a conventional liquid crystal panel
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a conventional liquid crystal panel for a PDLC display mode before UV illumination is performed on the liquid crystal layer;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a conventional liquid crystal panel for a PDLC display mode after UV irradiation of a liquid crystal layer;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a conventional liquid crystal panel for a PDLC display mode in which no voltage is applied.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a conventional liquid crystal panel for a PDLC display mode after a voltage is applied;
  • Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view showing a liquid crystal panel of the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic view showing the angular relationship between the axial directions of the upper and lower polarizers and the comb-shaped electrodes in the liquid crystal panel of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a voltage applied to a liquid crystal panel of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic view showing the arrangement of liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal droplets in FIG. 8; FIG.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a voltage applied to a liquid crystal panel of the present invention.
  • Figure 11 is a schematic view showing the arrangement of liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal droplets in Figure 10;
  • FIG. 12 is a flow chart of a method of fabricating a liquid crystal panel of the present invention.
  • step 2 of a method for fabricating a liquid crystal panel according to the present invention is a schematic diagram of step 2 of a method for fabricating a liquid crystal panel according to the present invention.
  • Figure 14 is a schematic view showing the third step of the method for fabricating a liquid crystal panel of the present invention.
  • the present invention firstly provides a liquid crystal panel, comprising: a first substrate 1 , a second substrate 2 disposed opposite to the first substrate 1 , and 2 a liquid crystal layer 3 between the substrates 2, an upper polarizer 11 provided on the first substrate 1 away from the liquid crystal layer 3, a lower polarizer 21 provided on the second substrate 2 away from the liquid crystal layer 3, and The comb-shaped electrode 22 on the side of the liquid crystal layer 3 is on the second substrate 2.
  • the first substrate 1 and the second substrate 2 are both glass substrates.
  • the second substrate 2 is further provided with a data signal line, a TFT switch line, a TFT switching device, a black matrix, a photoresist spacer, and the like, that is, the second substrate 2 is equivalent to a TFT in a conventional common liquid crystal panel.
  • Substrate It should be noted that the color filter film is not disposed on the first substrate 1 , so that the shielding and absorption of light can be reduced compared with the existing common liquid crystal panel, and the light transmittance and utilization rate are improved.
  • the liquid crystal layer 3 is a polymer dispersed liquid crystal structure including a polymer layer 32 and liquid crystal droplets 31 dispersed in the polymer layer 32.
  • the liquid crystal droplets 31 are ellipsoidal in size and have a size of 20 nm to 200 nm, that is, the size of the liquid crystal droplets 31 is smaller than the visible light wavelength.
  • the comb-shaped electrode 22 is for generating a horizontal electric field to drive liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal droplets 31.
  • the comb-shaped electrode 22 is composed of a pixel electrode 221 and a common electrode 223.
  • the pixel electrode 221 and the common electrode 223 are alternately arranged in the horizontal direction.
  • the pixel electrode 221 and the common electrode 223 are both transparent ITO electrodes.
  • the upper polarizer 11 and the lower polarizer 21 are perpendicular to each other in the axial direction, and are inclined with respect to the comb-shaped electrode 22, respectively.
  • the light transmittance formula of the liquid crystal layer model is clamped according to two axially orthogonal polarizers:
  • T is the light transmittance
  • ⁇ is the angle between the long axis of the liquid crystal and the axial direction of the polarizer, and “the amount of phase retardation of the liquid crystal layer.
  • It is controlled by the electric field size, and the ⁇ is determined by the direction of the electrode. This is because the direction of the electrode determines the electric field distribution, and further determines the arrangement direction of the liquid crystal after being subjected to an electric field.
  • ⁇ 45° is the optimum design angle, so it is preferable to
  • the axial directions of the polarizer 11 and the lower polarizer 21 are respectively set at an angle of 45 degrees with the comb-shaped electrode 22, so that the angle between the long axis of the liquid crystal and the axial direction of the polarizer is 45 degrees after the voltage is applied, ensuring light penetration. rate.
  • the liquid crystal layer 3 is obtained by UV irradiation or heating of a mixture of a polymerizable monomer and liquid crystal molecules.
  • the proportion of the polymerizable monomer in the mixture is 10-50%, which is characterized in that polymerization can be carried out to form a high molecular weight solid, transparent substance, which can be, but is not limited to, acrylate and One or a combination of a derivative, a methacrylate and a derivative thereof, styrene and a derivative thereof, an epoxy resin and a fatty amine epoxy curing agent.
  • a photoinitiator may be introduced, which may be benzil dimethyl ketal, benzophenone,
  • the thioxanthone or the like is contained in an amount of from 0.01% to 1% by weight based on the content of the polymerizable monomer.
  • the liquid crystal panel of the present invention is provided with an upper polarizer 11 and a lower polarizer 21, and the size of the liquid crystal droplet 31 is smaller than the visible light wavelength, so that the liquid crystal panel has a different structure from the conventional liquid crystal panel for the PDLC display mode, and the working process It also works differently.
  • FIG. 8 and FIG. 9 when no voltage is applied, the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal droplets 31 are randomly arranged, and the backlight passes through the lower polarizer 21 and enters the liquid crystal layer 3, since the size of the liquid crystal droplets 31 is smaller than visible light.
  • the wavelength even if there is a difference in refractive index, the light can circulate the uneven medium having a small volume, and does not generate a phase difference, and the light cannot pass through the upper polarizer 11 perpendicular to the axial direction of the lower polarizer 21, and the liquid crystal panel is presented. Dark state.
  • the conventional liquid crystal panel for PDLC display mode when no voltage is applied, as shown in FIG.
  • the size of the droplet 303 is larger than the wavelength of visible light, causing the incident light to change due to reflection, refraction, scattering, etc., and becomes a randomly scattered state, and the panel displays a hazy mist.
  • the comb-shaped electrode 22 after applying a voltage, the comb-shaped electrode 22 generates a horizontal electric field.
  • the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal droplets 31 are deflected by the horizontal electric field, and the backlight passes through the lower polarizer 21 and enters the liquid crystal layer 3 to generate a phase difference, and then passes through the upper polarizer perpendicular to the axial direction of the lower polarizer 21. 11.
  • the liquid crystal panel is in a bright state for display.
  • the orientation of the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal droplet 31 is determined by the direction of the electric field, and the liquid crystal droplet 31 is The long axis and the polarizer have an angle of 45 degrees in the axial direction, so that the light transmittance is high.
  • the vertical electric field is used to make the long axis of the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal droplet 303 coincide with the traveling direction of the light to eliminate the partial scattering effect. Transparency, the corresponding phenomenon is that the liquid crystal panel changes from the original fuzzy mist to a transparent state.
  • the liquid crystal panel is in a transparent state regardless of whether or not a voltage is applied.
  • the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal droplets 31 are randomly arranged, and a macroscopic phase retardation effect cannot be produced. Only when the voltage is applied, the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal droplets 31 are arranged in a uniform direction to produce a phase retardation effect.
  • the liquid crystal panel of the present invention is provided with the upper and lower polarizers 11, 21, the contrast of the liquid crystal panel is greatly improved, and at the same time, since the size of the liquid crystal droplets 31 is small, the thickness of the liquid crystal cell is small, so that The response speed of the liquid crystal panel is increased.
  • the liquid crystal panel of the present invention does not include a color filter film, and is suitable for the field sequential display mode, so that a color display that is dynamically flashed by R, G, B or other different colors is required for color display.
  • the present invention further provides a method for fabricating a liquid crystal panel, comprising the following steps:
  • Step 1 a first substrate 1 and a second substrate 2 disposed opposite to the first substrate 1 are provided, and a side of the first substrate 1 away from the second substrate 2 is provided with an upper polarizer 11 , and the second A lower polarizer 21 is disposed on a side of the substrate 2 remote from the first substrate 1, and a comb-shaped electrode 22 is disposed on a side of the second substrate 2 adjacent to the first substrate 1.
  • the first substrate 1 and the second substrate 2 are both glass substrates.
  • the second substrate 2 corresponds to a TFT substrate, and further has a data signal line, a TFT switch line, a TFT switching device, a black matrix, and a photoresist spacer.
  • the comb-shaped electrode 22 is composed of a pixel electrode 221 and a common electrode 223, and the pixel electrode 221 and the common electrode 223 are alternately arranged in the horizontal direction.
  • the pixel electrode 221 and the common electrode 223 are both transparent ITO electrodes.
  • the upper polarizer 11 and the lower polarizer 21 are perpendicular to each other in the axial direction, and are inclined with respect to the comb-shaped electrode 22, respectively.
  • the axial directions of the upper polarizer 11 and the lower polarizer 21 are respectively opposite to the comb-shaped electrode 22. At an angle of 45 degrees.
  • Step 2 As shown in Fig. 13, a mixture 3' of liquid crystal molecules and a polymerizable monomer is disposed between the first substrate 1 and the second substrate 2.
  • the proportion of the polymerizable monomer is from 10 to 50%.
  • the liquid crystal molecules and the polymerizable monomer are irregularly dispersed.
  • the polymerizable monomer is characterized in that polymerization can be carried out to form a high molecular weight solid, transparent material, which can be, but is not limited to, acrylates and derivatives thereof, methacrylates and derivatives thereof, styrene And one or a combination of a derivative thereof, an epoxy resin and a fatty amine epoxy curing agent.
  • Step 3 as shown in FIG. 14, the mixture 3' is subjected to UV irradiation in a temperature range of -30 ° C to 120 ° C or heated by oven, ultrasonic, or infrared heating to make the polymerizable single
  • the bulk polymerization reaction forms a polymer layer 32 and liquid crystal droplets 31 dispersed in the polymer layer 32.
  • a photoinitiator may be introduced, which may be benzil dimethyl ketal, benzophenone, thioxanthone or the like.
  • the content is from 0.01% to 1% of the content of the polymerizable monomer.
  • the liquid crystal droplets 31 are ellipsoidal in shape and have a size of 20 nm to 200 nm, that is, the size of the liquid crystal droplets 31 is smaller than the visible light wavelength.
  • the polymer layer 32 and the liquid crystal droplets 31 dispersed in the polymer layer 32 constitute the liquid crystal layer 3.
  • the liquid crystal panel prepared by the method is suitable for the field sequential display mode. Since the color filter film is not included, the liquid crystal panel can reduce the blocking and absorption of light and improve the light transmittance and the conventional liquid crystal panel. Utilization ratio; since the upper and lower polarizers 11, 21 are provided, the contrast of the liquid crystal panel is greatly improved, and at the same time, since the size of the liquid crystal droplet 31 is small, the thickness of the liquid crystal cell is small, so that the response speed of the liquid crystal panel is accelerated. .
  • the liquid crystal panel of the present invention does not contain a color filter film, and the upper and lower polarizers are added to the existing liquid crystal panel for the PDLC display mode, so that the liquid crystal panel has a high contrast ratio. Moreover, the light transmittance and utilization rate are improved, and since the liquid crystal droplets dispersed in the polymer layer are small, the liquid crystal panel can be made to have a faster response speed, and is suitable for the field sequential display mode.
  • the method for fabricating the liquid crystal panel provided by the invention can make the liquid crystal panel have a faster response speed, a higher contrast ratio, and a higher light transmittance and utilization rate.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Nonlinear Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
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  • Liquid Crystal (AREA)

Abstract

一种液晶面板及其制作方法。液晶面板用于场序显示模式，包括第一基板（1）、第二基板（2）、液晶层（3）、设于第一基板（1）上远离液晶层（3）一侧的上偏光片（11）、设于第二基板（2）上远离液晶层（3）一侧的下偏光片（21）、及设于第二基板（2）上靠近液晶层（3）一侧的梳型电极（22）；液晶层（3）为聚合物分散液晶结构，包括聚合物层（32）及分散于该聚合物层（32）中的液晶滴（31）；上偏光片（11）与下偏光片（21）的轴向相互垂直，并分别相对于梳型电极（22）倾斜，梳型电极（22）用于产生水平电场以驱动液晶滴（31）内的液晶分子。液晶面板响应速度快，对比度高。

Description

液晶面板及其制作方法 技术领域
本发明涉及显示技术领域，尤其涉及一种液晶面板及其制作方法。
背景技术
液晶显示器(Liquid Crystal Display，LCD)包括壳体、设于壳体内的液晶面板及设于壳体内的背光模组。通常液晶面板由一彩色滤光片基板(Color Filter，CF)、一薄膜晶体管阵列基板(Thin Film Transistor Array Substrate，TFT Array Substrate)以及一填充于两基板间的液晶层(Liquid Crystal Layer)所构成。CF基板和TFT基板的相对内侧设有透明电极。液晶显示器通过电场对液晶分子的取向进行控制，改变光的偏振状态，并藉由偏光板实现光路的穿透与阻挡，达到显示的目的。
主动式TFT-LCD显示器件近年来得到了飞速的发展和广泛的应用。就目前主流市场上的TFT-LCD液晶面板而言，可分为三大类，分别是扭曲向列/超扭曲向列(TN/STN)型、平面转换(IPS)型及垂直配向(VA)型。尽管它们的调控液晶显示的原理有所不同，但是这三种类型的液晶显示面板的基本结构比较类似，可以用图1所示结构来表示，包括CF基板100、TFT基板200、上偏光片110、下偏光片210、及液晶层300。
然而，液晶面板本身不发光，需要由背光模组提供光源，由于LCD的穿透率很低，所以大部分的背光都被浪费掉，导致LCD对光的利用率很低。LCD穿透率低来自多个因素，包括偏光片、彩色滤光片、电极等等，它们对光有遮挡与吸收作用。为了提高LCD的光利用率，场序(Field sequence color)显示模式的LCD被发明出来，它的液晶面板中不含彩色滤光片，颜色由R、G、B等多色交替循环背光直接提供，所以穿透率与光利用率理论上可提高为原来的3倍。但是场序显示模式的LCD需要液晶面板具有极快的响应速度，目前能够胜任的几乎只有蓝相液晶显示器，但是蓝相显示器具有制程温度窄，驱动电压高等技术难题，亟需开发新的快速响应液晶显示模式。
聚合物分散液晶(polymer-dispersed liquid crystal，PDLC)显示模式是一种利用聚合反应诱导相分离技术形成液晶介质分散于聚合物层，通过控制入射光线散射调节透光程度的一种液晶显示模式。用于PDLC显示模式的液晶面板的基本结构如图2、图3所示，其包括上玻璃基板10、下玻璃 基板20，夹设于上、下基板10、20之间的液晶层30、及设于上、下基板10、20上的其它结构，如ITO像素电极、数据信号线、栅极线、光阻间隔物等。该种结构不需要偏光片，液晶层30中不仅含有液晶分子，还含有对UV光敏感的可聚合单体。如图2所示，未对所述液晶层30进行UV光照之前，液晶分子与可聚合单体无规律散布。如图3所示，对所述液晶层30进行UV照射后，可聚合单体发生聚合反应，形成聚合物层302，液晶分子则形成液晶滴303，并分散于聚合物层302之中。如图4-5所示该用于PDLC显示模式的液晶面板的像素电极由分别设于上、下基板10、20相对内侧的平行电极101与201组成，施加电压时平行电极101与201之间能够形成垂直电场。如图4所示，在未施加电压的情况下，液晶滴303内的液晶分子随机排列，入射光线受到液晶滴303与聚合物层302界面、液晶滴303内散乱排列的液晶分子等的折射、反射、散射等作用，原来的接近准直入射光线被改变为散乱的漫散射状态，面板显示为模糊雾状的暗态。如图5所示，施加电压后，液晶滴303内的液晶分子受电场作用沿电场方向统一排列，入射光线大部分依旧保持原来的行进方向不变，面板显示为透明状。
由于该用于PDLC显示模式的液晶面板没有偏光片，所谓暗态只是将光线散射开，但是亮度还是较强，所以该类液晶面板的对比度低，灰阶划分的级数较低，目前还未用于大信息容量的显示应用，而通常用于较为低端的应用场合，如浴室玻璃门、办公室屏风窗帘、建筑外玻璃墙，用于调节透光度，或者切换控制透明或非透明状态等。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种液晶面板，该液晶面板适用于场序显示模式，能够实现快速响应，具有高对比度，并能够提高光穿透率和利用率。
本发明的目的还在于提供一种液晶面板的制作方法，能够使得液晶面板具有较快的响应速度、较高的对比度、及较高的光穿透率和利用率。
为实现上述目的，本发明首先提供一种液晶面板，包括：第一基板、与所述第一基板相对设置的第二基板、设于所述第一基板与第二基板之间的液晶层、设于第一基板上远离液晶层一侧的上偏光片、设于第二基板上远离液晶层一侧的下偏光片、及设于第二基板上靠近液晶层一侧的梳型电极；所述液晶层为聚合物分散液晶结构，其包括聚合物层及分散于该聚合物层中的液晶滴；所述上偏光片与下偏光片的轴向相互垂直，并分别相对于梳型电极倾斜，所述梳型电极用于产生水平电场以驱动液晶滴内的液晶分子。
所述上偏光片与下偏光片的轴向分别与梳型电极成45度夹角。
所述液晶滴呈椭球状。
所述液晶滴的尺寸为20nm-200nm；所述液晶滴小于可见光波长。
所述梳型电极由像素电极与公共电极构成，所述像素电极与公共电极在水平方向上交替间隔排列。
所述液晶层由聚合物单体与液晶分子的混合物经UV照射或加热的方式制得。
所述可聚合单体为丙烯酸酯及其衍生物、甲基丙烯酸酯及其衍生物、苯乙烯及其衍生物、环氧树脂与脂肪胺类环氧固化剂的一种或组合。
所述可聚合单体在混合物中所占的比例为10-50％。
本发明还提供了一种液晶面板，包括：第一基板、与所述第一基板相对设置的第二基板、设于所述第一基板与第二基板之间的液晶层、设于第一基板上远离液晶层一侧的上偏光片、设于第二基板上远离液晶层一侧的下偏光片、及设于第二基板上靠近液晶层一侧的梳型电极；所述液晶层为聚合物分散液晶结构，其包括聚合物层及分散于该聚合物层中的液晶滴，所述液晶滴呈椭球状；所述上偏光片与下偏光片的轴向相互垂直，并分别相对于梳型电极倾斜，所述梳型电极用于产生水平电场以驱动液晶滴内的液晶分子；
所述梳型电极由像素电极与公共电极构成，所述像素电极与公共电极在水平方向上交替间隔排列。
所述上偏光片与下偏光片的轴向分别与梳型电极成45度夹角。
所述液晶滴的尺寸为20nm-200nm；所述液晶滴小于可见光波长。
所述液晶层由可聚合单体与液晶分子的混合物经UV照射或加热的方式制得。
所述可聚合单体为丙烯酸酯及其衍生物、甲基丙烯酸酯及其衍生物、苯乙烯及其衍生物、环氧树脂与脂肪胺类环氧固化剂的一种或组合。
所述可聚合单体在混合物中所占的比例为10-50％。
本发明还提供一种液晶面板的制作方法，包括如下步骤：
步骤1、提供第一基板及与所述第一基板相对设置的第二基板，所述第一基板上远离第二基板的一侧设有上偏光片，所述第二基板上远离第一基板的一侧设有下偏光片，所述第二基板上靠近第一基板的一侧设有梳型电极；
所述上偏光片与下偏光片的轴向相互垂直，并分别相对于梳型电极倾斜；
步骤2、在所述第一基板与第二基板之间设置液晶分子和可聚合单体的混合物；
所述混合物中，可聚合单体的比例为10-50％；
步骤3、对所述混合物进行UV照射或加热，使所述可聚合单体发生聚合反应形成聚合物层与分散在该聚合物层中的液晶滴；
所述聚合物层与分散在该聚合物层中的液晶滴构成液晶层。
所述步骤1中，上偏光片与下偏光片的轴向分别与梳型电极成45度夹角；所述梳型电极由像素电极与公共电极构成，所述像素电极与公共电极在水平方向上交替间隔排列；
所述步骤2中，所述可聚合单体为丙烯酸酯及其衍生物、甲基丙烯酸酯及其衍生物、苯乙烯及其衍生物、环氧树脂与脂肪胺类环氧固化剂的一种或组合；
所述步骤3在-30℃～120℃的温度范围内进行UV照射或采用烘箱、超声、红外加热的方式进行加热；
所述液晶滴呈椭球状，其尺寸为20nm-200nm，所述液晶滴小于可见光波长。
本发明的有益效果：本发明提供的一种液晶面板，不含彩色滤光膜，通过在现有的用于PDLC显示模式的液晶面板的基础上增加上下偏光片，使得该液晶面板具有较高的对比度、并提高了光穿透率和利用率，同时由于分散在聚合物层中的液晶滴很小，能够使得液晶面板具有更快的响应速度，适用于场序显示模式。本发明提供的一种液晶面板的制作方法，能够使得液晶面板具有较快的响应速度、较高的对比度、及较高的光穿透率和利用率。
附图说明
下面结合附图，通过对本发明的具体实施方式详细描述，将使本发明的技术方案及其它有益效果显而易见。
附图中，
图1为现有液晶面板的剖面示意图；
图2为现有的用于PDLC显示模式的液晶面板在未对液晶层进行UV光照之前的剖面示意图；
图3为现有的用于PDLC显示模式的液晶面板在对液晶层进行UV照射之后的剖面示意图；
图4为现有的用于PDLC显示模式的液晶面板未施加电压的剖面示意 图；
图5为现有的用于PDLC显示模式的液晶面板施加电压后的剖面示意图；
图6为本发明液晶面板的剖面示意图；
图7为显示本发明液晶面板中上、下偏光片轴向与梳型电极之间的角度关系的示意图；
图8为本发明液晶面板未施加电压的剖面示意图；
图9为对应图8中液晶滴内的液晶分子的排列情况的示意图；
图10为本发明液晶面板施加电压后的剖面示意图；
图11为对应图10中液晶滴内的液晶分子的排列情况的示意图；
图12为本发明液晶面板的制作方法的流程图；
图13为本发明液晶面板的制作方法的步骤2的示意图；
图14为本发明液晶面板的制作方法的步骤3的示意图。
具体实施方式
为更进一步阐述本发明所采取的技术手段极其效果，以下结合本发明的优选实施例极其附图进行详细描述。
请参阅图6、图7，本发明首先提供一种液晶面板，包括：第一基板1、与所述第一基板1相对设置的第二基板2、设于所述第一基板1与第二基板2之间的液晶层3、设于第一基板1上远离液晶层3一侧的上偏光片11、设于第二基板2上远离液晶层3一侧的下偏光片21、及设于第二基板2上靠近液晶层3一侧的梳型电极22。
具体的，所述第一基板1与第二基板2均为玻璃基板。所述第二基板2上还设有数据信号线、TFT开关线、TFT开关器件、黑色矩阵、及光阻间隔物等，即所述第二基板2相当于现有的常见液晶面板中的TFT基板。值得注意的是，所述第一基板1上并不设置彩色滤光膜，因此相比于现有的常见液晶面板能够降低对光线的遮挡与吸收，提高光穿透率和利用率。
特别需要说明的是，所述液晶层3为聚合物分散液晶结构，其包括聚合物层32及分散于该聚合物层32中的液晶滴31。所述液晶滴31呈椭球状其尺寸为20nm-200nm，即所述液晶滴31的尺寸小于可见光波长。
所述梳型电极22用于产生水平电场以驱动液晶滴31内的液晶分子。该梳型电极22由像素电极221与公共电极223构成。所述像素电极221与公共电极223在水平方向上交替间隔排列。所述像素电极221与公共电极223均为透明的ITO电极。
如图7所示，所述上偏光片11与下偏光片21的轴向相互垂直，并分别相对于梳型电极22倾斜。根据两片轴向正交的偏光片夹持液晶层模型的光线穿透率公式：
Figure PCTCN2014090469-appb-000001
其中，T表示光线穿透率、Ψ表示液晶长轴与偏光片轴向的夹角、「为液晶层的相位延迟量。要使光线穿透率最大，需要使2Ψ为90、「为180°。「由电场大小控制，而Ψ由电极方向决定，这是由于电极方向决定电场分布，进一步决定液晶受电场作用后的排布方向。Ψ为45°为最佳的设计角度，因此优选将所述上偏光片11与下偏光片21的轴向分别与梳型电极22设置成45度夹角，使得施加电压后，液晶长轴与偏光片轴向的夹角为45度，保证光线穿透率。
进一步的，所述液晶层3是由可聚合单体与液晶分子的混合物经UV照射或加热的方式制得。所述可聚合单体在混合物中所占的比例为10-50％，其特征是可以发生聚合反应，形成高分子量的固态、透明性好的物质，其可以但不限于为：丙烯酸酯及其衍生物、甲基丙烯酸酯及其衍生物、苯乙烯及其衍生物、环氧树脂与脂肪胺类环氧固化剂的一种或它们的组合物。
当采用UV照射可聚合单体与液晶分子的混合物时，为了加快UV光聚合效率，可引入光引发剂，所述光引发剂为可为苯偶酰二甲基缩酮、二苯甲酮、硫代蒽酮等，其含量为可聚合单体含量的0.01％-1％。
本发明的液晶面板设置了上偏光片11与下偏光片21，且所述液晶滴31的尺寸小于可见光波长，从而该液晶面板与传统的用于PDLC显示模式的液晶面板的结构不同、工作过程与工作原理也不同。请参阅图8、图9，未施加电压时，所述液晶滴31内的液晶分子呈随机排列状态，背光透过下偏光片21后进入液晶层3，由于所述液晶滴31的尺寸小于可见光波长，即使折射率存在差异，光线也可以绕射体积较小的不均匀介质，并不产生相位差，光线不能透过与下偏光片21的轴向垂直的上偏光片11，该液晶面板呈现暗态。而传统的用于PDLC显示模式的液晶面板在未施加电压时，如图4所示，由于受液晶滴303与聚合物层302界面的影响，以及液晶滴303内液晶分子的散乱排列，且液晶滴303的尺寸大于可见光的波长，导致入射光线由于反射、折射、散射等作用而改变，成为随机散乱的状态，面板显示呈模糊雾状。
请参阅图10、图11，施加电压后，所述梳型电极22产生水平电场， 液晶滴31内的液晶分子在水平电场的作用下发生偏转，背光透过下偏光片21进入液晶层3后将产生相位差，之后可透过与下偏光片21的轴向垂直的上偏光片11，此时，该液晶面板呈现亮态以进行显示。由于所述上偏光片11与下偏光片21的轴向分别与梳型电极22设置成45度夹角，施加电压后，液晶滴31内的液晶分子的取向受电场方向决定，液晶滴31的长轴与偏光片轴向的夹角为45度，使得光线的穿透率较高。而传统的用于PDLC显示模式的液晶面板在施加电压时，如图5所示，其利用垂直电场，使液晶滴303内的液晶分子长轴与光线行进方向一致，以消除部分散射效果而提高透明度，对应的现象是液晶面板由原来的模糊雾状变成透明的状态。
假设本发明的液晶面板没有设置上、下偏光片11、21，则无论有没有施加电压，该液晶面板均为透明状态。但未施加电压时，液晶滴31内的液晶分子随机排列，不能产生宏观的相位延迟效果，只有当施加电压之后，液晶滴31内的液晶分子按统一方向排列之后才能产生相位延迟效果。显然，正是由于本发明的液晶面板设置了上、下偏光片11、21，该液晶面板的对比度得到大幅提高，同时，由于液晶滴31的尺寸很小，相当于液晶盒厚很小，使得该液晶面板的响应速度加快。
值得一提的是，本发明的液晶面板不包含彩色滤光膜，适用于场序显示模式，从而需搭配由R、G、B或其它不同颜色动态闪烁的背光来进行彩色显示。
请参阅图12至图14，本发明还提供一种液晶面板的制作方法，包括如下步骤：
步骤1、提供第一基板1及与所述第一基板1相对设置的第二基板2，所述第一基板1上远离第二基板2的一侧设有上偏光片11，所述第二基板2上远离第一基板1的一侧设有下偏光片21，所述第二基板2上靠近第一基板1的一侧设有梳型电极22。
所述第一基板1与第二基板2均为玻璃基板。所述第二基板2相当于TFT基板，其上还具有数据信号线、TFT开关线、TFT开关器件、黑色矩阵、及光阻间隔物。
所述梳型电极22由像素电极221与公共电极223构成，所述像素电极221与公共电极223在水平方向上交替间隔排列。所述像素电极221与公共电极223均为透明的ITO电极。
所述上偏光片11与下偏光片21的轴向相互垂直，并分别相对于梳型电极22倾斜，优选的，所述上偏光片11与下偏光片21的轴向分别与梳型电极22成45度夹角。
步骤2、如图13所示，在所述第一基板1与第二基板2之间设置液晶分子和可聚合单体的混合物3’。
所述混合物3’中，可聚合单体的比例为10-50％。在所述混合物3’中，液晶分子与可聚合单体无规律散布。
所述可聚合单体的特征是可以发生聚合反应，形成高分子量的固态、透明性好的物质，其可以但不限于为丙烯酸酯及其衍生物、甲基丙烯酸酯及其衍生物、苯乙烯及其衍生物、环氧树脂与脂肪胺类环氧固化剂的一种或组合。
步骤3、如图14所示，对所述混合物3’采用在-30℃～120℃的温度范围内进行UV照射或采用烘箱、超声、或红外加热的方式进行加热，使所述可聚合单体发生聚合反应形成聚合物层32与分散在该聚合物层32中的液晶滴31。
当采用UV照射混合物3’时，为了加快UV光聚合效率，可引入光引发剂，所述光引发剂为可为苯偶酰二甲基缩酮、二苯甲酮、硫代蒽酮等，其含量为可聚合单体含量的0.01％-1％。
所述液晶滴31呈椭球状，其大小为20nm-200nm，即所述液晶滴31的尺寸小于可见光波长。
所述聚合物层32与分散在该聚合物层32中的液晶滴31构成液晶层3。
至此，完成该用于场序显示模式的液晶面板的制作。
通过该方法制得的液晶面板适用于场序显示模式，由于不含有彩色滤光膜，该液晶面板相比于现有的常见液晶面板能够降低对光线的遮挡与吸收，提高光穿透率和利用率；由于设置了上、下偏光片11、21，该液晶面板的对比度得到大幅提高，同时，由于液晶滴31的尺寸很小，相当于液晶盒厚很小，使得液晶面板的响应速度加快。
综上所述，本发明的液晶面板，不含彩色滤光膜，通过在现有的用于PDLC显示模式的液晶面板的基础上增加上、下偏光片，使得该液晶面板具有较高的对比度、并提高了光穿透率和利用率，同时由于分散在聚合物层中的液晶滴很小，能够使得液晶面板具有更快的响应速度，适用于场序显示模式。本发明提供的液晶面板的制作方法，能够使得液晶面板具有较快的响应速度、较高的对比度、及较高的光穿透率和利用率。
以上所述，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，可以根据本发明的技术方案和技术构思作出其他各种相应的改变和变形，而所有这些改变和变形都应属于本发明权利要求的保护范围。

Claims (16)

  1. 一种液晶面板，包括：第一基板、与所述第一基板相对设置的第二基板、设于所述第一基板与第二基板之间的液晶层、设于第一基板上远离液晶层一侧的上偏光片、设于第二基板上远离液晶层一侧的下偏光片、及设于第二基板上靠近液晶层一侧的梳型电极；所述液晶层为聚合物分散液晶结构，其包括聚合物层及分散于该聚合物层中的液晶滴；所述上偏光片与下偏光片的轴向相互垂直，并分别相对于梳型电极倾斜，所述梳型电极用于产生水平电场以驱动液晶滴内的液晶分子。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的液晶面板，其中，所述上偏光片与下偏光片的轴向分别与梳型电极成45度夹角。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的液晶面板，其中，所述液晶滴呈椭球状。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的液晶面板，其特征在于，所述液晶滴的尺寸为20nm-200nm；所述液晶滴小于可见光波长。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的液晶面板，其中，所述梳型电极由像素电极与公共电极构成，所述像素电极与公共电极在水平方向上交替间隔排列。
  6. 如权利要求1所述的液晶面板，其中，所述液晶层由可聚合单体与液晶分子的混合物经UV照射或加热的方式制得。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的液晶面板，其中，所述可聚合单体为丙烯酸酯及其衍生物、甲基丙烯酸酯及其衍生物、苯乙烯及其衍生物、环氧树脂与脂肪胺类环氧固化剂的一种或组合。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的液晶面板，其中，所述可聚合单体在混合物中所占的比例为10-50％。
  9. 一种液晶面板，包括：第一基板、与所述第一基板相对设置的第二基板、设于所述第一基板与第二基板之间的液晶层、设于第一基板上远离液晶层一侧的上偏光片、设于第二基板上远离液晶层一侧的下偏光片、及设于第二基板上靠近液晶层一侧的梳型电极；所述液晶层为聚合物分散液晶结构，其包括聚合物层及分散于该聚合物层中的液晶滴，所述液晶滴呈椭球状；所述上偏光片与下偏光片的轴向相互垂直，并分别相对于梳型电极倾斜，所述梳型电极用于产生水平电场以驱动液晶滴内的液晶分子；
    所述梳型电极由像素电极与公共电极构成，所述像素电极与公共电极在水平方向上交替间隔排列。
  10. 如权利要求9所述的液晶面板，其中，所述上偏光片与下偏光片 的轴向分别与梳型电极成45度夹角。
  11. 如权利要求9所述的液晶面板，其中，所述液晶滴的尺寸为20nm-200nm；所述液晶滴小于可见光波长。
  12. 如权利要求9所述的液晶面板，其中，所述液晶层由可聚合单体与液晶分子的混合物经UV照射或加热的方式制得。
  13. 如权利要求12所述的液晶面板，其中，所述可聚合单体为丙烯酸酯及其衍生物、甲基丙烯酸酯及其衍生物、苯乙烯及其衍生物、环氧树脂与脂肪胺类环氧固化剂的一种或组合。
  14. 如权利要求13所述的液晶面板，其中，所述可聚合单体在混合物中所占的比例为10-50％。
  15. 一种液晶面板的制作方法，包括如下步骤：
    步骤1、提供第一基板及与所述第一基板相对设置的第二基板，所述第一基板上远离第二基板的一侧设有上偏光片，所述第二基板上远离第一基板的一侧设有下偏光片，所述第二基板上靠近第一基板的一侧设有梳型电极；
    所述上偏光片与下偏光片的轴向相互垂直，并分别相对于梳型电极倾斜；
    步骤2、在所述第一基板与第二基板之间设置液晶分子和可聚合单体的混合物；
    所述混合物中，可聚合单体的比例为10-50％；
    步骤3、对所述混合物进行UV照射或加热，使所述可聚合单体发生聚合反应形成聚合物层与分散在该聚合物层中的液晶滴；
    所述聚合物层与分散在该聚合物层中的液晶滴构成液晶层。
  16. 如权利要求15所述的液晶面板的制作方法，其中，所述步骤1中，上偏光片与下偏光片的轴向分别与梳型电极成45度夹角；所述梳型电极由像素电极与公共电极构成，所述像素电极与公共电极在水平方向上交替间隔排列；
    所述步骤2中，所述可聚合单体为丙烯酸酯及其衍生物、甲基丙烯酸酯及其衍生物、苯乙烯及其衍生物、环氧树脂与脂肪胺类环氧固化剂的一种或组合；
    所述步骤3在-30℃～120℃的温度范围内进行UV照射或采用烘箱、超声、红外加热的方式进行加热；
    所述液晶滴呈椭球状，其尺寸为20nm-200nm，所述液晶滴小于可见光波长。
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