WO2016052189A1 - シート状物の製造方法 - Google Patents
シート状物の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2016052189A1 WO2016052189A1 PCT/JP2015/076252 JP2015076252W WO2016052189A1 WO 2016052189 A1 WO2016052189 A1 WO 2016052189A1 JP 2015076252 W JP2015076252 W JP 2015076252W WO 2016052189 A1 WO2016052189 A1 WO 2016052189A1
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- polyurethane
- sheet
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- mass
- fiber
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
- D06N3/12—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. gelatine proteins
- D06N3/14—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. gelatine proteins with polyurethanes
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
- D06N3/12—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. gelatine proteins
- D06N3/14—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. gelatine proteins with polyurethanes
- D06N3/147—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. gelatine proteins with polyurethanes characterised by the isocyanates used
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/0085—Use of fibrous compounding ingredients
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M13/322—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing nitrogen
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
- D06M15/37—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D06M15/564—Polyureas, polyurethanes or other polymers having ureide or urethane links; Precondensation products forming them
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
- D06N3/0002—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the substrate
- D06N3/0004—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the substrate using ultra-fine two-component fibres, e.g. island/sea, or ultra-fine one component fibres (< 1 denier)
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
- D06N3/0002—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the substrate
- D06N3/0011—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the substrate using non-woven fabrics
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
- D06N3/0002—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the substrate
- D06N3/0015—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the substrate using fibres of specified chemical or physical nature, e.g. natural silk
- D06N3/0036—Polyester fibres
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
- D06N3/0043—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by their foraminous structure; Characteristics of the foamed layer or of cellular layers
- D06N3/005—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by their foraminous structure; Characteristics of the foamed layer or of cellular layers obtained by blowing or swelling agent
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2375/00—Characterised by the use of polyureas or polyurethanes; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2375/04—Polyurethanes
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N2205/00—Condition, form or state of the materials
- D06N2205/24—Coagulated materials
- D06N2205/243—Coagulated materials by heating, steam
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N2211/00—Specially adapted uses
- D06N2211/12—Decorative or sun protection articles
- D06N2211/28—Artificial leather
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for producing an environmentally-friendly sheet-like material that does not use an organic solvent in the production process, and particularly relates to a method for producing a sheet-like material having excellent wet heat resistance and excellent surface quality and texture. .
- a fibrous base material mainly made of a fabric such as a nonwoven fabric and a sheet-like material made of polyurethane have excellent characteristics not found in natural leather, and are widely used for various uses such as artificial leather.
- a sheet-like material using a fibrous base material made of polyester fiber is excellent in light resistance, and therefore its use has been expanded year by year for clothing, chair upholstery, automobile interior materials, and the like.
- the obtained fibrous base material is immersed in water or an organic solvent aqueous solution which is a non-solvent of polyurethane.
- a combination of processes for wet coagulation of polyurethane is generally employed.
- a water-miscible organic solvent such as N, N-dimethylformamide is used as the organic solvent that is a solvent for the polyurethane.
- organic solvents are generally highly harmful to the human body and the environment, a technique that does not use organic solvents is strongly demanded in the production of sheet-like materials.
- a sheet-like material obtained by impregnating a fibrous base material with a water-dispersible polyurethane liquid and coagulating polyurethane has a problem that the physical properties are likely to deteriorate when wet.
- a water-dispersed polyurethane liquid containing a cross-linking agent is applied to a fibrous base material such as a sheet made of a fabric such as a nonwoven fabric, and the cross-linking agent is reacted at the time of solidification of the polyurethane by heating, so that a cross-linked structure is formed on the polyurethane. It has been proposed to give (see Patent Documents 1 and 2).
- an object of the present invention is to allow the crosslinking agent to react regardless of the coagulation method of the water-dispersed polyurethane, and to maintain the texture equivalent to that before crosslinking, by an environmentally friendly manufacturing process in view of the background of the above-described conventional technology. Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a sheet-like material that is particularly excellent in heat and moisture resistance and has good surface quality and texture.
- the present invention is to achieve the above-mentioned object, and the method for producing a sheet-like product according to the present invention comprises a cross-linking agent on a sheet obtained by impregnating a fiber base material with water-dispersible polyurethane as a binder and solidifying the sheet. It is the manufacturing method of the sheet-like material characterized by providing and heating.
- the amount of the crosslinking agent applied after the water-dispersed polyurethane is solidified is 0.5% by mass or more and 10% by mass relative to the mass of the water-dispersed polyurethane. 0.0 mass% or less.
- the amount of the crosslinking agent to be applied before coagulation of the water-dispersed polyurethane is 0.0% by mass or more with respect to the mass of the water-dispersible polyurethane. It is 3.0 mass% or less.
- the amount of the crosslinking agent to be applied before coagulation of the water-dispersed polyurethane is 0.0% by mass or more with respect to the mass of the water-dispersible polyurethane. 0.5% by mass or less.
- the water-dispersed polyurethane contains a hydrophilic group in the polymer.
- the heating temperature is a temperature of 100 ° C. or higher and 200 ° C. or lower.
- the fibrous base material is composed of an ultrafine fiber expression type fiber and / or an ultrafine fiber.
- the environment-friendly manufacturing process allows the cross-linking agent to react regardless of the coagulation method of the water-dispersible polyurethane, and maintains the texture equivalent to that before cross-linking, so that it is particularly excellent in heat and moisture resistance, A sheet-like material having good surface quality and texture can be obtained.
- an environment-friendly water-dispersed polyurethane is applied, and after the water-dispersed polyurethane is solidified on a fibrous base material, the polyurethane and the cross-linking agent are reacted by applying a cross-linking agent and heating. Regardless of the coagulation method, the water-dispersed polyurethane can be crosslinked. Furthermore, the texture can be maintained at the same texture as before the addition of the crosslinking.
- the manufacturing method of the sheet-like material of this invention is demonstrated concretely.
- the method for producing a sheet-like material of the present invention is a method for producing a sheet-like material in which a fibrous base material is impregnated with a water-dispersible polyurethane as a binder and solidified, and then a crosslinking agent is applied and heated. is there.
- the fibrous base material used in the present invention fabrics such as woven fabrics, knitted fabrics and non-woven fabrics can be preferably employed. Especially, since the surface quality of the sheet-like thing at the time of surface raising treatment is favorable, a nonwoven fabric is used preferably. In the fibrous base material used in the present invention, these woven fabrics, knitted fabrics, nonwoven fabrics and the like can be appropriately laminated and used together.
- nonwoven fabric used in the present invention either a short fiber nonwoven fabric or a long fiber nonwoven fabric can be used, but a short fiber nonwoven fabric is preferably used in that a surface quality consisting of a uniform raised length can be obtained.
- the fiber length of the short fibers in the short fiber nonwoven fabric is preferably 25 mm to 90 mm, more preferably 35 mm to 75 mm.
- the fiber length is preferably 25 mm to 90 mm, more preferably 35 mm to 75 mm.
- fibers constituting the fibrous base material include polyesters such as polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polytrimethylene terephthalate and polylactic acid, polyamides such as 6-nylon and 66-nylon, acrylic, polyethylene, polypropylene, and thermoplastic cellulose.
- a fiber made of a thermoplastic resin that can be melt-spun such as can be used.
- polyester fibers are preferably used from the viewpoints of strength, dimensional stability, and light resistance.
- a fibrous base material it is also allowed to be configured by mixing fibers of different materials.
- the cross-sectional shape of the fiber used in the present invention may be a round cross section, but a fiber having an elliptical shape, a flat shape, a polygonal shape such as a triangle, a fan shape and a cross shape such as a cross shape may be employed.
- the average fiber diameter of the fibers constituting the fibrous base material is preferably 0.1 to 7 ⁇ m, more preferably 0.3 to 5 ⁇ m. By making the average fiber diameter of the fibers 7 ⁇ m or less, the feel of the fibrous base material becomes more flexible. On the other hand, by setting the average fiber diameter of the fibers to 0.1 ⁇ m or more, a sheet-like product having further excellent color developability after dyeing can be obtained.
- the nonwoven fabric when the fibrous base material is a nonwoven fabric, the nonwoven fabric can be combined with a woven fabric or a knitted fabric for the purpose of improving the strength.
- a woven fabric or a knitted fabric As the combination of the nonwoven fabric and the woven fabric or the knitted fabric, any of the methods of laminating the woven fabric or the knitted fabric on the nonwoven fabric and inserting the woven fabric or the knitted fabric into the nonwoven fabric can be adopted. In this case, among these, it is preferable to use a woven fabric from the viewpoint that improvement in form stability and improvement in strength can be expected.
- the single yarn (warp and weft) constituting the woven fabric or knitted fabric may be a single yarn made of synthetic fiber such as polyester fiber or polyamide fiber.
- a preferred embodiment is a single yarn made of fibers of the same material as the ultrafine fibers.
- Examples of the form of such a single yarn include filament yarn and spun yarn, and these strong twisted yarns are preferably used.
- filament yarn is preferably used for the spun yarn because it causes surface fluff to fall off.
- the number of twists is preferably 1000 T / m or more and 4000 T / m or less, more preferably 1500 T / m or more and 3500 T / m or less.
- the number of twists is less than 1000 T / m, the number of single fibers constituting the strongly twisted yarn by needle punching increases, and the physical properties of the product tend to deteriorate and the exposure of the single fibers to the product surface tends to increase.
- the number of twists is greater than 4000 T / m, the single fiber breakage is suppressed, but the strong twisted yarn constituting the woven fabric or knitted fabric becomes too hard, and thus tends to cause hardening of the texture.
- a fiber obtained from an ultrafine fiber expression type fiber as the fibrous base material.
- the fiber obtained from the ultrafine fiber expression type fiber as the fibrous base material, it is possible to stably obtain a form in which the bundle of ultrafine fibers described above is entangled.
- the non-woven fabric When the fibrous base material is a non-woven fabric, the non-woven fabric preferably has a structure in which a bundle of ultrafine fibers (fiber bundle) is entangled. Since the ultrafine fibers are entangled in a bundle state, the strength of the sheet-like material is improved.
- the nonwoven fabric of such an embodiment can be obtained by causing the ultrafine fibers to develop after entanglement of the ultrafine fiber-expressing fibers in advance.
- the ultra-fine fiber development type fiber is a sea-island type in which two component thermoplastic resins with different solvent solubility are used as a sea component and an island component, and the sea component is dissolved and removed using a solvent, etc. It is possible to employ a composite fiber or a peelable composite fiber in which two-component thermoplastic resins are arranged alternately in a radial or multilayer manner on the fiber cross section, and each component is peeled and divided to split into ultrafine fibers.
- the sea-island type composite fiber can be preferably used also from the viewpoint of the flexibility and texture of the sheet-like material because it can provide an appropriate gap between the island components, that is, between the ultrafine fibers, by removing the sea component. .
- sea-island type composite fiber a sea-island type composite base is used, and the sea-island type composite fiber, in which two components of the sea component and the island component are mutually arranged and spun, and the two components of the sea component and the island component are mixed and spun.
- sea-island type composite fibers are preferably used from the viewpoint that ultrafine fibers having a uniform fineness can be obtained and that a sufficiently long ultrafine fiber is obtained and contributes to the strength of the sheet-like material.
- polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, copolymer polyester obtained by copolymerizing sodium sulfoisophthalic acid, polyethylene glycol, or the like, polylactic acid, polyvinyl alcohol, or the like can be used.
- a copolymerized polyester obtained by copolymerizing alkali-decomposable sodium sulfoisophthalic acid or polyethylene glycol that can be decomposed without using an organic solvent, polylactic acid, and hot water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol are preferably used.
- the ratio of the sea component to the island component of the sea-island composite fiber is preferably such that the mass ratio of the island fiber to the sea-island composite fiber is 0.2 to 0.9, more preferably 0.3 to 0.8. .
- the mass ratio of the sea component and the island component is 0.2 or more, the removal rate of the sea component can be reduced, and the productivity is further improved.
- the mass ratio to 0.9 or less, it is possible to improve the spreadability of the island fibers and prevent the island components from joining.
- the number of islands can be adjusted as appropriate according to the design of the base.
- the major axis of a single fiber of an ultrafine fiber expression type fiber such as a sea-island type composite fiber is preferably 5 to 80 ⁇ m, more preferably 10 to 50 ⁇ m. If the single fiber fineness is smaller than 5 ⁇ m, the strength of the fiber is weak, and there is a tendency that single fiber breakage increases due to the needle punching process described later. In addition, when the single fiber fineness is larger than 80 ⁇ m, efficient entanglement may not be possible by needle punch processing or the like.
- a method of entanglement of a fiber web by a needle punching process or a water jet punching process, a spunbond method, a melt blow method, a papermaking method, or the like is adopted.
- a method that undergoes a treatment such as a needle punching treatment or a water jet punching treatment is preferably used in order to obtain the state of the ultrafine fiber bundle as described above.
- needle punch processing in order to laminate and integrate the nonwoven fabric used as the fibrous base material with the woven fabric or the knitted fabric, needle punch processing, water jet punch processing or the like is preferably used from the viewpoint of fiber entanglement.
- the needle punching treatment is not limited to the sheet thickness, and is preferably used because the fibers can be oriented in the vertical direction of the fibrous base material.
- the needle used in the needle punching process preferably has 1 to 9 barbs.
- the number of barbs By making the number of barbs one or more, efficient fiber entanglement becomes possible.
- fiber damage can be suppressed by setting the number of barbs to 9 or less. When the number of barbs is more than 9, fiber damage increases, and needle marks may remain on the fibrous base material, resulting in poor appearance of the product.
- the nonwoven fabric and the woven fabric or knitted fabric are entangled and integrated, the nonwoven fabric is preliminarily entangled. This is a desirable mode for further prevention.
- a method of preliminarily entangling by the needle punching process it is effective to perform the punch density at 20 / cm 2 or more, and preferably 100 / Pre-entanglement is preferably given at a punch density of cm 2 or more, and more preferably pre-entanglement is given at a punch density of 300 / cm 2 to 1300 / cm 2 .
- the width of the nonwoven fabric leaves room for narrowing due to the needle punch process during and after entanglement with the woven fabric or knitted fabric. This is because wrinkles may occur in the woven fabric or knitted fabric with the change, and a smooth fibrous base material may not be obtained.
- the punch density of the preliminary entanglement is higher than 1300 / cm 2 , generally the entanglement of the nonwoven fabric itself proceeds so much that the entanglement with the fibers constituting the woven fabric or the knitted fabric is sufficiently formed. This is because there is less room, which is disadvantageous for realizing a non-separated integrated structure in which the nonwoven fabric and the woven or knitted fabric are intertwined firmly.
- punch density 300 lines / cm 2 ⁇ 6000 present / cm 2 a more preferred embodiment be a 1000 / cm 2 ⁇ 3000 present / cm 2.
- fabric or knitted fabric is laminated on one or both sides of the nonwoven fabric, or woven fabric or knitted fabric is sandwiched between multiple nonwoven fabrics, and the fibers are entangled with each other by needle punching. It can be a substrate.
- the water jet punching process it is preferable to perform the water in a columnar flow state. Specifically, it is preferable to perform water jet punching by ejecting water from a nozzle having a diameter of 0.05 to 1.0 mm at a pressure of 1 to 60 MPa.
- the apparent density of the nonwoven fabric composed of ultrafine fiber generating fibers after needle punching or water jet punching is preferably 0.13 to 0.45 g / cm 3 , more preferably 0.15 to 0.30 g / cm 3 .
- the apparent density is 0.13 to 0.45 g / cm 3 or more, an artificial leather having sufficient form stability and dimensional stability can be obtained.
- the apparent density is 0.45 g / cm 3 or less, a sufficient space for applying the polymer elastic body can be maintained.
- the thickness of the fibrous base material is preferably 0.3 mm or more and 6.0 mm or less, and more preferably 1.0 mm or more and 3.0 mm or less. If the thickness of the fibrous base material is less than 0.3 mm, the sheet form stability may be poor. On the other hand, when the thickness is larger than 6.0 mm, needle breakage tends to occur frequently in the needle punching process.
- the nonwoven fabric made of the ultrafine fiber-generating fibers thus obtained is shrunk by dry heat treatment or wet heat treatment or both to further increase the density.
- the sea-sea removal treatment for removing the sea component of the sea-island type composite fiber in the case of using the sea-island type composite fiber is performed before and / or after the application of the water-dispersed polyurethane dispersion containing the water-dispersed polyurethane to the fibrous base material. Can be done later.
- the sea removal treatment before applying the water-dispersed polyurethane dispersion, it becomes easy to form a structure in which the polyurethane directly adheres to the ultrafine fibers, and the ultrafine fibers can be strongly held, so that the wear resistance of the sheet-like material is improved.
- an aqueous dispersion type polyurethane dispersion liquid after adding an inhibitor such as ultrafine fibers and cellulose derivatives or polyvinyl alcohol (hereinafter sometimes abbreviated as PVA) before applying the water dispersion type polyurethane dispersion liquid.
- PVA polyvinyl alcohol
- the adhesion between the ultrafine fiber and the polyurethane resin can be lowered, and a softer texture can also be achieved.
- the aforementioned inhibitor application can be performed in any step before or after the sea removal treatment.
- the inhibitor before the sea removal treatment it is possible to increase the form retention of the fibrous base material in the sea removal treatment process in which the fabric weight of the fiber is lowered and the tensile strength of the sheet is lowered. For this reason, since the sheet
- PVA is preferably used because it has a high reinforcing effect on the fibrous base material and hardly dissolves in water.
- application of high water saponification degree PVA which is more difficult to water, makes it difficult to elute the inhibitor at the time of application of the water-dispersed polyurethane dispersion, so that adhesion between ultrafine fibers and polyurethane can be further inhibited.
- the high saponification degree PVA preferably has a saponification degree of 95% to 100%, more preferably 96.5% to 100%. By setting the saponification degree to 95% or more, elution at the time of applying the water-dispersed polyurethane dispersion can be suppressed.
- the polymerization degree of PVA is preferably 500 or more and 3500 or less, and more preferably 500 or more and 2000 or less.
- the polymerization degree of PVA 500 or more By making the polymerization degree of PVA 500 or more, elution of the high saponification degree PVA at the time of applying the polyurethane dispersion can be suppressed, and by making the polymerization degree of PVA 3500 or less, the high saponification degree PVA liquid The viscosity of the saponification does not become too high, and the saponification degree PVA can be stably imparted to the fibrous base material.
- the amount of PVA applied is preferably 0.1 to 80% by mass, more preferably 5 to 60% by mass, based on the fibrous base material remaining in the product.
- the high saponification degree PVA is 80%.
- the mass% or less the adhesion between the ultrafine fibers and the polyurethane does not decrease too much, the raised fibers become uniform, and a product with a uniform surface quality can be finished.
- a method of applying the inhibitor to the fibrous base material from the viewpoint that the inhibitor can be uniformly applied, a method of dissolving the inhibitor in water, impregnating the fibrous base material, and drying by heating is preferable. Used. If the drying temperature is too low, drying time is required for a long time. If the temperature is too high, the inhibitor is completely insolubilized and cannot be dissolved and removed later. Therefore, it is preferable to dry at a temperature of 80 ° C. or higher and 180 ° C. or lower, more preferably 110 ° C. or higher and 160 ° C. or lower. Moreover, it is preferable that drying time is 1 minute or more and 30 minutes or less from a viewpoint of workability.
- the inhibitor dissolution treatment is performed by immersing the fibrous base material provided with the inhibitor in steam having a temperature of 100 ° C. or higher and hot water having a temperature of 60 ° C. or higher and 100 ° C. or lower, as necessary. It can be dissolved and removed by squeezing with a mangle or the like.
- the sea removal treatment can be performed by immersing a fibrous base material containing sea-island type composite fibers in the liquid and squeezing it.
- a fibrous base material containing sea-island type composite fibers in the liquid and squeezing it.
- the solvent for dissolving the sea component when the sea component is polyethylene, polypropylene, and polystyrene, an organic solvent such as toluene or trichloroethylene can be used.
- the sea component is a copolymer polyester or polylactic acid
- An alkaline solution such as an aqueous sodium oxide solution can be used, and hot water can be used when the sea component is polyvinyl alcohol.
- a polyurethane resin obtained by a reaction between a polymer polyol having a number average molecular weight of preferably 500 or more and 5000 or less, an organic polyisocyanate, and a chain extender is preferably used.
- an active hydrogen component-containing compound having a hydrophilic group is used in combination.
- polyether polyol in the above-described polymer polyol examples include polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, polytetramethylene glycol, and the like, and copolymer polyols obtained by combining them.
- polyester-based polyol examples include polyester polyols obtained by condensing various low molecular weight polyols and polybasic acids, and those obtained by open polymerization of lactones.
- low molecular weight polyol examples include ethylene glycol, 1,3-propylene glycol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,5-pentanediol, 1,6-hexanediol, 1,9-nonanediol, 1,10- Linear alkylene glycol such as decanediol, neopentyl glycol, 3-methyl-1,5-pentanediol, 2,4-diethyl-1,5-pentanediol, 2-methyl-1,8-octanediol, etc.
- One or more selected from branched alkylene glycols, alicyclic diols such as 1,4-cyclohexanediol, and aromatic dihydric alcohols such as 1,4-bis ( ⁇ -hydroxyethoxy) benzene are used. be able to. Further, addition products obtained by adding various alkylene oxides to bisphenol A can also be used.
- Polybasic acids include, for example, succinic acid, maleic acid, adipic acid, glutaric acid, pimelic acid, suberic acid, azelaic acid, sebacic acid, dodecanedicarboxylic acid, phthalic acid, isophthalic acid, terephthalic acid, and hexahydro
- succinic acid maleic acid, adipic acid, glutaric acid, pimelic acid, suberic acid, azelaic acid, sebacic acid, dodecanedicarboxylic acid, phthalic acid, isophthalic acid, terephthalic acid, and hexahydro
- succinic acid maleic acid, adipic acid, glutaric acid, pimelic acid, suberic acid, azelaic acid, sebacic acid, dodecanedicarboxylic acid, phthalic acid, isophthalic acid, terephthalic acid, and hexahydro
- isophthalic acid ter
- polylactone polyol examples include polylactone polyol obtained by ring-opening polymerization of ⁇ -butyrolactone, ⁇ -valerolactone, ⁇ -caprolactone, etc., alone or in a mixture of two or more, using polyhydric alcohol as an initiator.
- polycarbonate-based polyol examples include compounds obtained by a reaction between a polyol and a carbonate compound such as dialkyl carbonate or diaryl carbonate.
- the polyol used as the raw material for producing the polycarbonate polyol the polyols mentioned as the raw material for producing the polyester polyol can be used.
- the dialkyl carbonate dimethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate and the like can be used, and as the diaryl carbonate, diphenyl carbonate and the like can be mentioned.
- examples of the component that causes the resin to contain a hydrophilic group include a hydrophilic group-containing active hydrogen component.
- examples of the hydrophilic group-containing active hydrogen component include compounds containing a nonionic group and / or an anionic group and / or a cationic group and active hydrogen.
- the compound having a nonionic group and active hydrogen a compound containing two or more active hydrogen components or two or more isocyanate groups and having a polyoxyethylene glycol group having a molecular weight of 250 to 9000 in the side chain, And triols such as trimethylolpropane and trimethylolbutane.
- Examples of the compound having an anionic group and active hydrogen include carboxyl group-containing compounds such as 2,2-dimethylolpropionic acid, 2,2-dimethylolbutane, 2,2-dimethylolvaleric acid, and derivatives thereof, Compounds containing sulfonic acid groups such as 1,3-phenylenediamine-4,6-disulfonic acid, 3- (2,3-dihydroxypropoxy) -1-propanesulfonic acid and their derivatives, and these compounds Examples include salts neutralized with a Japanese-style additive.
- examples of the compound containing a cationic group and active hydrogen include tertiary amino group-containing compounds such as 3-dimethylaminopropanol, N-methyldiethanolamine, and N-propyldiethanolamine, and derivatives thereof.
- the hydrophilic group-containing active hydrogen component can also be used in the form of a salt neutralized with a neutralizing agent.
- hydrophilic group-containing active hydrogen component By introducing a sulfonic acid group and a carboxyl group, among other hydrophilic group-containing active hydrogen components, into the polyurethane, not only to increase the hydrophilicity of the polyurethane molecule, but also by using a crosslinking agent described later in combination, Since a three-dimensional crosslinked structure can be imparted to the polyurethane molecule and the physical properties can be improved, it is preferable to produce the hydrophilic group-containing active hydrogen component by appropriately selecting it.
- chain extender a compound used in conventional production of polyurethane can be used, and among them, a low molecular weight compound having a molecular weight of 600 or less having two or more active hydrogen atoms capable of reacting with an isocyanate group in the molecule is preferably used. It is done.
- Diols such as, triols such as trimethylolpropane and trimethylolbutane, hydrazine, ethylenediamine, isophoronediamine, piperazine, 4,4'-methylenedianiline, tolylenediamine, xylylenediamine, hexamethylenediamine, 4, Examples thereof include diamines such as 4′-dicyclohexylmethanediamine, triamines such as diethylenetriamine, and amino alcohols such as aminoethyl alcohol and aminopropyl alcohol.
- Organic polyisocyanates include aliphatic diisocyanates such as hexamethylene diisocyanate, isophorone diisocyanate (hereinafter sometimes abbreviated as IPDI), hydrogenated xylylene diisocyanate, dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate (hereinafter abbreviated as hydrogenated MDI).
- IPDI isophorone diisocyanate
- MDI dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate
- Aromatic / aliphatic diisocyanates such as xylylene diisocyanate (hereinafter abbreviated as XDI) and tetramethyl-m-xylylene diisocyanate, and tolylene diisocyanate Isocyanate (hereinafter sometimes abbreviated as TDI), 4,4′-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (hereinafter sometimes abbreviated as MDI), tolidine diisocyanate, and naphthalene diisocyanate (hereinafter referred to as “MDI”) , NDI, etc.)) and the like.
- XDI xylylene diisocyanate
- TDI tetramethyl-m-xylylene diisocyanate
- MDI 4,4′-diphenylmethane diisocyanate
- MDI tolidine diisocyanate
- MDI naphthalene diisocyanate
- the polyurethane is dispersed in an aqueous medium as particles, from the viewpoint of dispersion stability of the polyurethane, it is preferable to use the above-mentioned hydrophilic group-containing active hydrogen component as a constituent component of the polyurethane, and it is more preferable to use a neutralized salt. It is.
- Examples of the neutralizing agent used in the neutralized salt of the compound having a hydrophilic group and active hydrogen include trimethylamine, triethylamine, amine compounds of triethanolamine, hydroxides such as sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide, and the like. It is done.
- the neutralizing agent used in the hydrophilic group-containing active hydrogen component is not particularly specified before or after the polyurethane polymerization step or before or after the dispersion step in the aqueous medium, but from the viewpoint of stability in the aqueous dispersion of polyurethane, the neutralizing agent is used. It is preferably added before the dispersion step or during the dispersion step in an aqueous medium.
- the content of the hydrophilic group-containing active hydrogen component and / or salt thereof based on the mass of the polyurethane is preferably 0.005 to 30% by mass, more preferably from the viewpoint of dispersion stability and water resistance of the polyurethane. 0.01 to 15% by mass.
- the polyurethane When the polyurethane is dispersed in an aqueous medium as particles, in addition to using the hydrophilic-containing active hydrogen component, the polyurethane can be dispersed in the aqueous medium using a surfactant as an external emulsifier of the polyurethane.
- surfactant examples include nonionic surfactants, anionic surfactants, cationic surfactants, and amphoteric surfactants.
- Surfactant may be used independently and can also use 2 or more types together.
- nonionic surfactants include alkylene oxide addition types such as polyoxyethylene nonylphenyl ether, polyoxyethylene laurel ether and polyoxyethylene stearyl ether, and polyhydric alcohol types such as glycerol monostearate.
- anionic surfactant include sodium laurel sulfate, ammonium lauryl sulfate, and sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate.
- examples of the cationic surfactant include quaternary ammonium salts such as distearyldimethylammonium chloride.
- examples of amphoteric surfactants include methyl laurylaminopropionate, lauryldimethylbetaine, and palm oil fatty acid amidopropyldimethylaminoacetic acid betaine.
- the polyurethane dispersion used in the present invention can be produced by applying a conventional method for producing a polyurethane dispersion.
- a prepolymer having an isocyanate group at the molecular end reacted with a chain extender and / or a hydrophilic group-containing polyol is prepared, and the prepolymer is emulsified in water in the presence of an emulsifier, the chain extender is used at the same time or later.
- Examples thereof include a method of completing the elongation reaction and a method of emulsifying in water as it is without using an emulsifier after reacting the aforementioned polyisocyanate, polyol and / or chain extender and / or hydrophilic group-containing polyol.
- the polymerization may be carried out in the absence of a solvent or in an organic solvent such as methyl ethyl ketone, toluene and acetone.
- aqueous dispersion type polyurethane dispersion containing the water dispersion type polyurethane synthesized as described above is applied to the fibrous base material by immersing it in the fibrous base material, and then heated and dried to obtain the polyurethane. Solidify and solidify.
- the cross-linking reaction proceeds by the cross-linking agent after the structure is constructed by aggregation of the polyurethane (separation of the hard segment portion and the soft segment portion). Since the crosslinked structure is constructed while maintaining the aggregation structure to some extent, it is possible to prevent texture hardening.
- crosslinking agent those having two or more reactive groups in the molecule that can react with the reactive groups introduced into the polyurethane can be used.
- water-soluble isocyanate compounds and blocked isocyanates can be used.
- polyisocyanate crosslinking agents such as compounds, melamine crosslinking agents, oxazoline crosslinking agents, carbodiimide crosslinking agents, aziridine crosslinking agents, epoxy crosslinking agents, and hydrazine crosslinking agents.
- a crosslinking agent may be used individually by 1 type, and can also use 2 or more types together.
- the water-soluble isocyanate compound has two or more isocyanate groups in the molecule, and examples thereof include the above-mentioned organic polyisocyanate-containing compounds.
- examples of commercially available products include “Baihijoule” (registered trademark) series, “Death Module” (registered trademark) series, and the like manufactured by Bayer MaterialScience.
- the blocked isocyanate compound has two or more blocked isocyanate groups in the molecule.
- the blocked isocyanate group means a group obtained by blocking the organic polyisocyanate compound with a blocking agent such as amines, phenols, imines, mercaptans, pyrazoles, oximes and active methylenes.
- the commercial products include “Elastoron” (registered trademark) series of Daiichi Kogyo Seiyaku Co., Ltd., “Duranate” (registered trademark) series manufactured by Asahi Kasei Chemicals Corporation, and “Takenate” (manufactured by Mitsui Chemicals, Inc.). Registered trademark) series and the like.
- Examples of the melamine-based crosslinking agent include compounds having two or more methylol groups or methoxymethylol groups in the molecule.
- Commercially available products include “Uban” (registered trademark) series manufactured by Mitsui Chemicals, “Cymel” (registered trademark) series manufactured by Nippon Cytec Co., Ltd., and “Sumimar” (registered trademark) manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd. ) Series.
- Examples of the oxazoline-based crosslinking agent include compounds having two or more oxazoline groups (oxazoline skeletons) in the molecule.
- Examples of commercially available products include “Epocross” (registered trademark) series manufactured by Nippon Shokubai Co., Ltd.
- Examples of the carbodiimide-based crosslinking agent include compounds having two or more carbodiimide groups in the molecule.
- Examples of the commercial products include “Carbodilite” (registered trademark) series manufactured by Nisshinbo Industries, Ltd.
- Examples of the epoxy crosslinking agent include compounds having two or more epoxy groups in the molecule.
- Examples of commercially available products include “Denacol” (registered trademark) series manufactured by Nagase Chemtech, diepoxy / polyepoxy compounds manufactured by Sakamoto Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., and “EPICRON” (registered trademark) series manufactured by DIC.
- Examples of the aziridine-based crosslinking agent include compounds having two or more aziridinyl groups in the molecule.
- Examples of the hydrazine-based crosslinking agent include hydrazine and compounds having two or more hydrazine groups (hydrazine skeleton) in the molecule.
- a functional group preferable as a functional group possessed by polyurethane is a hydroxyl group and / or a carboxyl group and / or a sulfonic acid group
- a preferable crosslinking agent as a crosslinking agent is a polyisocyanate-based crosslinking agent and a carbodiimide compound.
- the water-dispersed polyurethane dispersion applied to the fibrous base material contains a heat-sensitive coagulant from the viewpoint that the migration of polyurethane during polyurethane coagulation can be suppressed and the fibrous base material can be uniformly impregnated with polyurethane. It is preferable.
- heat-sensitive coagulant examples include inorganic salts such as sodium sulfate, magnesium sulfate, calcium sulfate, calcium chloride, magnesium chloride, and calcium chloride, and ammonium salts such as sodium persulfate, potassium persulfate, ammonium persulfate, and ammonium sulfate.
- inorganic salts such as sodium sulfate, magnesium sulfate, calcium sulfate, calcium chloride, magnesium chloride, and calcium chloride
- ammonium salts such as sodium persulfate, potassium persulfate, ammonium persulfate, and ammonium sulfate.
- the heat-sensitive coagulation temperature of the water-dispersed polyurethane dispersion is preferably 40 to 90 ° C., more preferably 50 to 80 ° C., from the viewpoint of storage stability and texture of the processed fiber product. is there.
- the crosslinking agent it is important to apply the crosslinking agent after the polyurethane coagulation.
- the crosslinking agent when the crosslinking agent is applied after the polyurethane coagulation, the crosslinking agent-containing liquid migrates to the surface layer during drying, resulting in a poor crosslinking reaction inside the sheet.
- the above-mentioned crosslinking agent can be added to the polyurethane dispersion as needed for the purpose of promoting the crosslinking reaction inside the sheet.
- the addition amount of the crosslinking agent added to the polyurethane dispersion is preferably 0.0% by mass or more and 3.0% or less by mass relative to the polyurethane solid content, more preferably 0.0% by mass or more and 0.5% by mass or less. is there.
- the addition amount of the crosslinking agent is 3.0% or more, even if the crosslinking agent is added after the polyurethane coagulation, the texture softening effect cannot be confirmed, and the texture hardening becomes remarkable.
- pigments such as carbon black, antioxidants (hindered phenol-based, sulfur-based, phosphorus-based antioxidants), ultraviolet absorbers (benzotriazole-based, triazine-based, benzophenone-based and benzoate-based ultraviolet absorbers, etc.)
- Weathering stabilizers such as hindered amine light stabilizers, soft water repellents (soft water repellents such as polysiloxanes, silicone compounds such as modified silicone oils, fluorine compounds such as fluoroalkyl ester polymers of acrylic acid) , Wetting agents (wetting agents such as ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, propylene glycol, glycerin), antifoaming agents (foaming agents such as octyl alcohol, sorbitan monooleate, polydimethylsiloxane, polyether-modified silicone, fluorine compounds such as fluoroalkyl ester polymers of acrylic acid)
- Wetting agents wetting agents such as ethylene glycol, diethylene
- Examples of the coagulation method of the water-dispersed polyurethane include a method using wet heat with steam, dry heat with hot air, infrared rays, hot water, an acid solvent, and the like. Of these, hot water coagulation and acid coagulation are preferably used from the viewpoint of softening the texture.
- a crosslinking agent is added and heated after the coagulation of the water-dispersible polyurethane. Since the water-dispersible polyurethane and the cross-linking agent are reacted by applying and heating the cross-linking agent, the water-dispersible polyurethane can be cross-linked regardless of the coagulation method of the water-dispersible polyurethane. In addition, the texture can be maintained at the same level as before addition of the cross-linking.
- the addition amount of the crosslinking agent added after the water-dispersible polyurethane coagulation is preferably 0.5% by mass or more and 10.0% or less by mass relative to the polyurethane solid content, more preferably 1.0% by mass or more and 5.0% by mass or less. .
- the application amount of the crosslinking agent is 0.5% or less, the crosslinking reaction by the crosslinking agent is difficult to proceed, and when the application amount of the crosslinking agent is 10.0% by mass or more, the texture hardening becomes remarkable.
- a fiber base material with a water-dispersed polyurethane dispersion and solidify it, and then apply a crosslinking agent and then dry it.
- a crosslinking agent By drying, the reaction between the crosslinking agent and the polyurethane molecule proceeds, and a crosslinked structure is introduced into the polyurethane.
- the fusion of the water-dispersed polyurethane emulsion is promoted, the molecular structure of the polyurethane is optimized, and the moisture and heat resistance is improved.
- drying is preferably performed at a temperature of 100 ° C. or higher and 200 ° C. or lower, more preferably 120 ° C. or higher. It is 190 degrees C or less, More preferably, they are 150 degreeC or more and 180 degrees C or less. Furthermore, the drying time is preferably from 1 minute to 60 minutes, more preferably from 1 minute to 30 minutes, from the viewpoint of processability.
- a lubricant such as a silicone emulsion can be applied to the polyurethane-applied sheet.
- providing an antistatic agent before the raising treatment is a preferable aspect in order to make it difficult for the grinding powder generated from the sheet-like material to be deposited on the sandpaper by grinding.
- raising treatment can be performed.
- the raising treatment can be performed by a method of grinding using sandpaper, roll sander or the like.
- the thickness of the sheet material is too thin, physical properties such as tensile strength and tear strength of the sheet material will be weak, and if it is too thick, the texture of the sheet material will be hard. Preferably there is.
- the sheet-like material can be dyed.
- a dyeing method it is preferable to use a liquid dyeing machine because the sheet-like material can be softened by dyeing the sheet-like material and at the same time giving a stagnation effect. If the dyeing temperature is too high, the polyurethane may deteriorate. Conversely, if the dyeing temperature is too low, dyeing of the dye onto the fiber becomes insufficient, and can be set depending on the type of fiber.
- the temperature is preferably the following temperature, more preferably 110 ° C. or higher and 130 ° C. or lower.
- the dye is selected according to the type of fiber constituting the fibrous base material.
- disperse dyes can be used for polyester fibers, acidic dyes or metal-containing dyes can be used for polyamide fibers, and combinations thereof can be used.
- reduction washing can be performed after dyeing.
- a dyeing assistant during dyeing.
- a dyeing assistant By using a dyeing assistant, the uniformity and reproducibility of dyeing can be improved.
- a finishing treatment using a softening agent such as silicone, an antistatic agent, a water repellent, a flame retardant, a light proofing agent, and an antibacterial agent can be performed in the same bath or after dyeing.
- the sheet-like material obtained by the present invention is mainly used as artificial leather, for example, as a skin material for furniture, chairs and wall materials, and seats, ceilings and interiors in vehicle interiors such as automobiles, trains and aircraft.
- Interior materials with an elegant appearance, shirts, jackets, casual shoes, sports shoes, shoes uppers such as men's shoes and women's shoes, trims, bags, belts, wallets, etc., and clothing used for some of them It can be suitably used as industrial materials such as materials, wiping cloths, polishing cloths and CD curtains.
- Appearance quality of sheet-like material As for the appearance quality of the sheet, 10 healthy adult men and 10 adult women each, with a total of 20 evaluators, the visual and sensory evaluations were evaluated in the following five levels, and the most common evaluation was the appearance quality. did. Appearance quality was rated as 4th to 5th grades. Grade 5: There is uniform fiber napping, the fiber dispersion state is good, and the appearance is good. Grade 4: Evaluation between grade 5 and grade 3. Third grade: The dispersion state of the fibers is somewhat poor, but there are fiber nappings and the appearance is reasonably good. Second grade: An evaluation between the third grade and the first grade. First grade: Overall, the fiber dispersion is very poor and the appearance is poor.
- Texture of sheet As for the texture of the sheet, 10 healthy adult males and 10 adult females each, with a total of 20 evaluators, the sensory evaluation by tactile sensation was evaluated in the following four stages, and the most common evaluation was the texture. It was evaluated. As for the texture, ⁇ and ⁇ were good (flexible and excellent in wrinkle recovery property). ⁇ : It has the same flexibility and crease wrinkle recovery properties as an artificial leather to which an organic solvent-based polyurethane with the same basis weight is applied. ⁇ : Although the softness and the crease recovery property are inferior to those of the artificial leather to which the organic solvent-based polyurethane having the same basis weight is applied, it is relatively soft and the crease recovery property is also good. X: The sheet is hard and has a paper-like feel.
- Example 1 Polyethylene terephthalate copolymerized with 8 mol% of sodium 5-sulfoisophthalate is used as the sea component, and polyethylene terephthalate is used as the island component.
- the sea component is 20% by mass and the island component is 80% by mass.
- the obtained sea-island type composite fiber was cut into a fiber length of 51 mm to form a staple, a fiber web was formed through a card and a cross wrapper, and a nonwoven fabric was formed by needle punching.
- the nonwoven fabric thus obtained was immersed in hot water at a temperature of 97 ° C. for 5 minutes to shrink and dried at a temperature of 100 ° C. for 10 minutes.
- an aqueous solution in which PVA having a degree of saponification of 99% and a degree of polymerization of 1400 [“NM-14” manufactured by Nippon Synthetic Chemical Co., Ltd.] was adjusted to an aqueous solution having a solid content of 10% by mass was applied to the obtained nonwoven fabric.
- additional heating was performed at a temperature of 150 ° C. for 20 minutes to obtain a sheet.
- the sheet thus obtained was immersed in a 100 g / L sodium hydroxide aqueous solution heated to a temperature of 50 ° C. and treated for 20 minutes to remove the sea components of the sea-island composite fibers. I got a sea sheet. The average fiber diameter of single fibers on the surface of the obtained sea removal sheet was 4.2 ⁇ m. Thereafter, the seawater removal sheet, the water-dispersed polyurethane dispersion, the associative thickener [Sickner 627N manufactured by San Nopco Co., Ltd.] active ingredient is 4% by mass relative to the polyurethane solid content, and magnesium sulfate is added to the polyurethane solid content.
- the sea removal sheet is cut in half perpendicular to the thickness direction, and the non-half cut side is ground using 120 mesh and 240 mesh sandpaper, and raised. Then, it was dyed with a disperse dye using a circular dyeing machine and subjected to reduction washing to obtain an artificial leather having a basis weight of 255 g / m 2 .
- the obtained artificial leather had good wear resistance and appearance quality, and a good texture.
- the stress retention at 10% elongation when the raw machine was wet before dyeing was 73%. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 2 Artificial weight of 258 g / m 2 in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the cross-linking agent to be imparted was changed to a blocked isocyanate type [“Elastron” (registered trademark) BN-69 ”manufactured by Daiichi Kogyo Seiyaku Co., Ltd.].
- Got leather The obtained artificial leather had good wear resistance and appearance quality, and a good texture.
- the stress retention at 10% elongation when the raw machine was wet before dyeing was 74%. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 3 As the sea component, polyethylene terephthalate copolymerized with 8 mol% of sodium 5-sulfoisophthalate is used, and as the island component, polyethylene terephthalate is used. The sea component is 20% by mass and the island component is 80% by mass. A sea-island type composite fiber having 16 islands / 1 filament and an average fiber diameter of 20 ⁇ m was obtained. The obtained sea-island type composite fiber was cut into a fiber length of 51 mm to form a staple, a fiber web was formed through a card and a cross wrapper, and a nonwoven fabric was formed by needle punching.
- the nonwoven fabric obtained in this way was immersed in hot water at a temperature of 97 ° C. for 2 minutes to shrink, and dried at a temperature of 100 ° C. for 5 minutes.
- an active ingredient of an associative thickener [Sannopco “Thickener 627N”] was compared with polyurethane solid content in a water-dispersed polyurethane dispersion liquid having a polyurethane solid content concentration adjusted to 20%. 4% by mass, impregnated with a dispersion containing 1.2% by mass of magnesium sulfate relative to polyurethane solid content, treated in hot water at 95 ° C. for 3 minutes, and then dried in hot air at a drying temperature of 100 ° C. for 15 minutes, A sheet provided with water-dispersed polyurethane was obtained so that the polyurethane mass relative to the island component mass of the nonwoven fabric was 30 mass%.
- the sheet thus obtained was immersed in a 10 g / L sodium hydroxide aqueous solution heated to a temperature of 95 ° C. and treated for 25 minutes to remove the sea components of the sea-island composite fibers.
- the average monofilament diameter of the monofilament on the surface of the obtained sea removal sheet was 4.2 ⁇ m.
- the concentration was adjusted so that 5% by mass of the active ingredient of the blocked isocyanate type [“Elastoron” (registered trademark) BN-69 ”manufactured by Daiichi Kogyo Seiyaku Co., Ltd.] was added to the amount of polyurethane applied to the sheet after sea removal.
- After impregnating the prepared liquid it was heated at a temperature of 160 ° C. for 20 minutes with a dryer, and the crosslinking reaction was promoted with drying.
- the sea removal sheet is cut in half in the direction perpendicular to the thickness direction, and the non-half-cut side is ground using 120 mesh and 240 mesh sandpaper, After the treatment, it was dyed with a disperse dye using a circular dyeing machine and subjected to reduction washing to obtain an artificial leather having a basis weight of 262 g / m 2 .
- the obtained artificial leather had good wear resistance and appearance quality, and a good texture. Further, the stress retention rate at 10% elongation when the raw machine was wet before dyeing was 71%. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 4 The basis weight was the same as in Example 3 except that the polyurethane coagulation method was changed from hot water at 95 ° C. to steam at a temperature of 95 ° C. and humidity of 100%, and no thickener was added to the water-dispersed polyurethane dispersion.
- An artificial leather of 263 g / m 2 was obtained.
- the obtained artificial leather was good in both wear resistance and appearance quality.
- the texture is more like a paper-like feeling than that obtained by hot water solidification.
- the stress retention at 10% elongation when the raw machine was wet before dyeing was 73%. The results are shown in Table 1.
- an active ingredient of a carbodiimide-based crosslinking agent (“Carbodilite” (registered trademark) V-02-L2] manufactured by Nisshinbo Chemical Co., Ltd.] can be added to the water-dispersed polyurethane dispersion by 3% by mass based on the polyurethane solid content. Except for impregnating the added dispersion, impregnating a liquid whose concentration was changed so that 3 mass% of the active ingredient can be applied to the polyurethane applied amount with respect to the added amount of the crosslinking agent applied to the sheet after polyurethane application, In the same manner as in Example 2, an artificial leather having a basis weight of 266 g / m 2 was obtained. The obtained artificial leather had good wear resistance and appearance quality, and a good texture. Further, the stress retention rate at 10% elongation when the green machine before dyeing was wet was 77%. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 6 Using the sea-island composite fiber of Example 1, a fiber web was formed through a card and a cross wrapper, and the resulting fiber web was laminated. After that, the twisted yarn was composed of 84 dtex-72 filaments with a weaving density of 96 per inch. After the woven fabric of x76 (longitudinal x weft) was superposed on the front and back of the laminated fiber web, a laminated nonwoven fabric was formed by needle punching, and the polyurethane mass relative to the mass of the nonwoven fabric after sea removal was 28 mass%.
- an artificial leather having a basis weight of 398 g / m 2 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 2 except that the water-dispersed polyurethane resin was applied and the surface cut with a band knife was brushed.
- the obtained artificial leather had good wear resistance and appearance quality, and a good texture. Further, the stress retention rate at 10% elongation when the green machine before dyeing was wet was 77%. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 7 An artificial leather having a basis weight of 260 g / m 2 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 2 except that the method of coagulating the polyurethane was changed from hot water at 95 ° C. to 20 minutes with a hot air dryer at 120 ° C.
- the obtained artificial leather was good in both wear resistance and appearance quality.
- the texture is more like a paper-like feeling than that obtained by hot water solidification.
- the stress retention rate at 10% elongation when the green machine before dyeing was wet was 76%. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 1 An artificial leather having a basis weight of 260 g / m 2 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that no cross-linking agent was added.
- the obtained artificial leather had pilling and poor wear resistance, and the appearance quality was rough, with the surface nap being disturbed. The texture was also good. Further, the stress retention rate at 10% elongation when the green machine before dyeing was wet was as low as 51%. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 2 An artificial leather having a basis weight of 260 g / m 2 is the same as in Example 2 except that the cross-linking agent is not added after the polyurethane coagulation, but the active ingredient is added to the water-dispersed polyurethane dispersion in an amount of 5% by mass. Got. The obtained artificial leather produced a small amount of pilling, had poor wear resistance, and had a poor quality appearance. The texture is a paper-like feeling. Moreover, the stress retention at 10% elongation when the green machine before dyeing was wet was as low as 62%. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 3 An artificial leather having a basis weight of 262 g / m 2 is the same as in Example 4 except that the crosslinking agent is not added after the polyurethane coagulation, but the active ingredient is added in an amount of 5% by mass relative to the polyurethane solid content in the water-dispersed polyurethane dispersion. Got. The obtained artificial leather had good wear resistance and the appearance quality was relatively uniform. The texture is a paper-like feeling. Moreover, the stress retention at the time of 10% elongation when the green machine before dyeing was 65% was 65%. The results are shown in Table 1.
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Abstract
Description
次に、本発明のシート状物の製造方法について、具体的に説明する。本発明のシート状物の製造方法は、前述のとおり、繊維質基材に水分散型ポリウレタンがバインダーとして含浸され凝固されてなるシートに、架橋剤を付与し加熱するシート状物の製造方法である。
(1)シート状物の10%伸長時応力保持率:
JIS L1913 6.3.1(2010年版)に準じ、定速伸長型引張試験機を用いて、試料幅2cm、つかみ長さ10cm、引張速度10cm/分の条件で染色工程前のシート(生機)の10%伸長時の応力(N/cm)を乾燥時とシートを常温水に10分間浸漬させた後の湿潤時についてそれぞれN=5で測定し、10%伸長時の応力保持率=湿潤時の応力(N=5の平均)/乾燥時の応力(N=5の平均)×100で湿潤時の10%伸長時の応力保持率(%)を評価した。
マーチンデール摩耗評価(耐久性評価)を行った。マーチンデール摩耗試験機として、James H.Heal&Co.製のModel 406を用い、また標準摩擦布として同社のABRASTIVE CLOTH SM25を用い、人工皮革試料に12kPa相当の荷重をかけ、摩耗回数20,000回の条件で摩擦させた後の人工皮革の外観を目視で観察し、評価した。評価基準は、人工皮革の外観が摩擦前と全く変化が無かったものを5級とし、毛玉が多数発生したものを1級とし、その間を0.5級ずつに区切った。4級~5級を合格とした。
シート状物の外観品位は、健康な成人男性と成人女性各10名ずつ、計20名を評価者として、目視と官能評価で下記のように5段階評価し、最も多かった評価を外観品位とした。外観品位は、4級~5級を良好とした。
5級:均一な繊維の立毛があり、繊維の分散状態は良好で外観は良好である。
4級:5級と3級の間の評価である。
3級:繊維の分散状態はやや良くない部分があるが、繊維の立毛はあり外観はまずまず良好である。
2級:3級と1級の間の評価である。
1級:全体的に繊維の分散状態は非常に悪く、外観は不良である。
シート状物の風合は、健康な成人男性と成人女性各10名ずつ、計20名を評価者として、触感での官能評価で下記のように4段階評価し、最も多かった評価を風合の評価とした。風合は、○と△を良好(柔軟で、折れシワ回復性に優れる)とした。
○:同程度の目付の有機溶剤系ポリウレタンを適用した人工皮革と、同等の柔軟さおよび折れシワ回復性を有する。
△:同程度の目付の有機溶剤系ポリウレタンを適用した人工皮革よりは、柔軟さおよび折れシワ回復性が劣るが、比較的柔軟で折れシワ回復性も良好である。
×:シートが硬く、ペーパーライク感の触感である。
ポリオールにMnが2,000のポリヘキサメチレンカーボネート、イソシアネートにIPDI、分子内親水性基として、2,2-ジメチロールプロピオン酸を用い、アセトン溶媒中でプレポリマーを作成した後に、鎖伸長剤としてエチレングリコールと、外部乳化剤としてポリオキシエチレンノニルフェニルエーテルと水を添加して、鎖伸長反応及びエマルジョン化をした後、減圧化でアセトンを除去して水分散型ポリウレタン分散液を得た。
海成分として、5-スルホイソフタル酸ナトリウムを8モル%共重合したポリエチレンテレフタレートを用い、また島成分として、ポリエチレンテレフタレートを用い、海成分が20質量%で島成分が80質量%の複合質量比率で、島数16島/1フィラメント、平均繊維直径が20μmの海島型複合繊維を得た。得られた海島型複合繊維を、繊維長51mmにカットしてステープルとし、カードおよびクロスラッパーを通して繊維ウェブを形成し、ニードルパンチ処理により不織布とした。
向に垂直に半裁し、半裁してない側の面を120メッシュと240メッシュのサンドペーパーを用いて研削し、起毛処理した後、サーキュラー染色機を用いて分散染料により染色し還元洗浄を行い、目付が255g/m2の人工皮革を得た。得られた人工皮革は、耐摩耗性および外観品位共に良好であり、風合いも良好なものとなった。また、染色前の生機の湿潤時の10%伸長時応力保持率は、73%であった。結果を、表1に示す。
付与する架橋剤をブロックイソシアネート系[第一工業製薬(株)製「“エラストロン”(登録商標)BN-69」]に変更したこと以外は、実施例1同様にして目付258g/m2の人工皮革を得た。得られた人工皮革は、耐摩耗性および外観品位共に良好であり、風合いも良好なものとなった。また、染色前の生機の湿潤時の10%伸長時応力保持率は、74%であった。結果を、表1に示す。
海成分として、5-スルホイソフタル酸ナトリウムを8モル%共重合したポリエチレンテレフタレートを用い、また島成分として、ポリエチレンテレフタレートを用い、海成分が20質量%で島成分が80質量%の複合比率で、島数16島/1フィラメント、平均繊維直径が20μmの海島型複合繊維を得た。得られた海島型複合繊維を、繊維長51mmにカットしてステープルとし、カードおよびクロスラッパーを通して繊維ウェブを形成し、ニードルパンチ処理により不織布とした。
ポリウレタンの凝固方法を95℃の熱水から温度95℃湿度100%のスチームに変更し、水分散型ポリウレタン分散液に増粘剤を添加しなかったこと以外は、実施例3同様にして、目付263g/m2の人工皮革を得た。得られた人工皮革は耐摩耗性、外観品位共に良好であった。風合いは、熱水凝固したものよりはペーパーライク感が残るものとなった。また、染色前の生機の湿潤時の10%伸長時応力保持率は、73%であった。結果を、表1に示す。
水分散型ポリウレタン分散液にカルボジイミド系架橋剤[日清紡ケミカル(株)製「“カルボジライト”(登録商標)V-02―L2」]の有効成分をポリウレタン固形分に対し3質量%付与できるようにさらに添加した分散液を含浸したこと、ポリウレタン付与後にシートに付与する架橋剤の添加量をポリウレタン付与量に対し、有効成分を3質量%付与できるように濃度を変更した液を含浸したこと以外は、実施例2と同様にして、目付が266g/m2の人工皮革を得た。得られた人工皮革は耐摩耗性と外観品位共に良好であり、風合いも良好なものとなった。また、染色前の生機の湿潤時の10%伸長時応力保持率は、77%であった。結果を、表1に示す。
実施例1の海島複合繊維を用いて、カードおよびクロスラッパーを通して繊維ウェブを形成し、得られた繊維ウェブを積層した後に、撚糸が経緯共に84dtex-72フィラメントからなり、織密度が1インチ当たり96×76(経×緯)の織物を、前記の積層繊維ウェブの表裏に重ね合わせた後に、ニードルパンチ処理により積層不織布としたこと、脱海後の不織布の質量に対するポリウレタン質量が28質量%となるようにして、水分散型ポリウレタン樹脂を付与したこと、バンドナイフで半裁した面を起毛処理したこと以外は、実施例2と同様にして、目付が398g/m2の人工皮革を得た。得られた人工皮革は耐摩耗性と外観品位共に良好であり、風合いも良好なものとなった。また、染色前の生機の湿潤時の10%伸長時応力保持率は、77%であった。結果を、表1に示す。
ポリウレタンの凝固方法を95℃の熱水から温度120℃の熱風乾燥機で20分に変更したこと以外は、実施例2同様にして、目付260g/m2の人工皮革を得た。得られた人工皮革は耐摩耗性、外観品位共に良好であった。風合いは、熱水凝固したものよりはペーパーライク感が残るものとなった。また、染色前の生機の湿潤時の10%伸長時応力保持率は、76%であった。結果を、表1に示す。
架橋剤を添加しなかったこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして目付260g/m2の人工皮革を得た。得られた人工皮革は、ピリングが発生し耐摩耗性が悪く、外観品位も表層ナップが乱れた荒い品位であった。風合いも良好なものとなった。また、染色前の生機の湿潤時の10%伸長時応力保持率は、51%と低かった。結果を、表1に示す。
架橋剤をポリウレタン凝固後に添加するのではなく、水分散型ポリウレタン分散液にポリウレタン固形分対比、有効成分を5質量%添加したこと以外は、実施例2と同様に目付260g/m2の人工皮革を得た。得られた人工皮革は、ピリング少量発生し耐摩耗性が悪く、外観品位も均一感に乏しい品位であった。風合いは、ペーパーライク感が残るものとなった。また、染色前の生機の湿潤時の10%伸長時応力保持率は、62%と低かった。結果を、表1に示す。
架橋剤をポリウレタン凝固後に添加するのではなく、水分散型ポリウレタン分散液にポリウレタン固形分対比、有効成分を5質量%添加したこと以外は、実施例4と同様に目付262g/m2の人工皮革を得た。得られた人工皮革は、耐摩耗性は良好で、外観品位は比較的均一感のある品位であった。風合いは、ペーパーライク感が残るものとなった。また、染色前の生機の湿潤時の10%伸長時応力保持率は、65%であった。結果を、表1に示す。
Claims (7)
- 繊維質基材に水分散型ポリウレタンがバインダーとして含浸され凝固されてなるシートに、架橋剤を付与し加熱することを特徴とするシート状物の製造方法。
- 水分散型ポリウレタンの凝固後に付与する架橋剤の付与量が、前記水分散型ポリウレタンの質量対比0.5質量%以上10.0質量%以下であることを特徴とする請求項1記載のシート状物の製造方法。
- 水分散型ポリウレタンの凝固前に付与する架橋剤の付与量が、前記水分散型ポリウレタンの質量対比0.0質量%以上3.0質量%以下であることを特徴とする請求項1または2記載のシート状物の製造方法。
- 水分散型ポリウレタンの凝固前に付与する架橋剤の付与量が、前記水分散型ポリウレタンの質量対比0.0質量%以上0.5質量%以下であることを特徴とする請求項1~3のいずれかに記載のシート状物の製造方法。
- 水分散型ポリウレタンがポリマー内に親水基を含むことを特徴とする請求項1~4のいずれかに記載のシート状物の製造方法。
- 繊維質基材に水分散型ポリウレタンがバインダーとして付与されたシートに、架橋剤の溶解液または分散液を付与した後に加熱の温度が100℃以上200℃以下の温度であることを特徴とする請求項1~5のいずれかに記載のシート状物の製造方法。
- 繊維質基材が極細繊維発現型繊維および/または極細繊維からなることを特徴とする請求項1~6のいずれかに記載のシート状物の製造方法。
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JP2020059928A (ja) * | 2018-10-04 | 2020-04-16 | 大原パラヂウム化学株式会社 | 樹脂皮膜及びそれを積層してなる繊維布帛及び繊維製品 |
WO2021125032A1 (ja) | 2019-12-20 | 2021-06-24 | 東レ株式会社 | シート状物およびその製造方法 |
RU2774688C2 (ru) * | 2017-08-02 | 2022-06-21 | Алькантара С.П.А. | Способ получения микроволокнистого нетканого синтетического замшеобразного материала |
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KR20210126573A (ko) * | 2019-02-15 | 2021-10-20 | 다이이치 고교 세이야쿠 가부시키가이샤 | 수지 충전 섬유 기재, 섬유 강화 복합 재료 및 그 제조 방법 |
KR102612442B1 (ko) * | 2021-04-12 | 2023-12-11 | 주식회사 디케이앤디 | 수분산 폴리우레탄 수지를 적용한 자동차 내장재용 인조피혁의 제조방법 |
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EP3202975A4 (en) | 2018-03-28 |
JPWO2016052189A1 (ja) | 2017-07-13 |
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US20170298569A1 (en) | 2017-10-19 |
TWI629298B (zh) | 2018-07-11 |
EP3202975B1 (en) | 2020-08-19 |
CN107075793B (zh) | 2021-07-27 |
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EP3202975A1 (en) | 2017-08-09 |
KR20170061667A (ko) | 2017-06-05 |
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