WO2016050018A1 - 一种像素结构及其显示方法、显示装置 - Google Patents

一种像素结构及其显示方法、显示装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016050018A1
WO2016050018A1 PCT/CN2015/071097 CN2015071097W WO2016050018A1 WO 2016050018 A1 WO2016050018 A1 WO 2016050018A1 CN 2015071097 W CN2015071097 W CN 2015071097W WO 2016050018 A1 WO2016050018 A1 WO 2016050018A1
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Prior art keywords
pixel
sub
pixels
adjacent
unit
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PCT/CN2015/071097
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王红丽
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京东方科技集团股份有限公司
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Application filed by 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 filed Critical 京东方科技集团股份有限公司
Priority to EP15793668.3A priority Critical patent/EP3203523B1/en
Priority to KR1020207003501A priority patent/KR102146961B1/ko
Priority to US14/769,610 priority patent/US9697760B2/en
Priority to JP2017536995A priority patent/JP2017533475A/ja
Priority to EP23165103.5A priority patent/EP4220290A1/en
Priority to KR1020207023654A priority patent/KR102249871B1/ko
Priority to KR1020187023774A priority patent/KR20180095735A/ko
Priority to KR1020167006415A priority patent/KR20160056887A/ko
Priority to KR1020197025737A priority patent/KR102076304B1/ko
Publication of WO2016050018A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016050018A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/136—Liquid crystal cells structurally associated with a semi-conducting layer or substrate, e.g. cells forming part of an integrated circuit
    • G02F1/1362—Active matrix addressed cells
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/2003—Display of colours
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/22—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources
    • G09G3/30—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels
    • G09G3/32—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • G09G3/3208—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] organic, e.g. using organic light-emitting diodes [OLED]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
    • H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
    • H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
    • H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
    • H01L21/30—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26
    • H01L21/31—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26 to form insulating layers thereon, e.g. for masking or by using photolithographic techniques; After treatment of these layers; Selection of materials for these layers
    • H01L21/32—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26 to form insulating layers thereon, e.g. for masking or by using photolithographic techniques; After treatment of these layers; Selection of materials for these layers using masks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
    • H10K59/30—Devices specially adapted for multicolour light emission
    • H10K59/35—Devices specially adapted for multicolour light emission comprising red-green-blue [RGB] subpixels
    • H10K59/353—Devices specially adapted for multicolour light emission comprising red-green-blue [RGB] subpixels characterised by the geometrical arrangement of the RGB subpixels
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F2201/00—Constructional arrangements not provided for in groups G02F1/00 - G02F7/00
    • G02F2201/52—RGB geometrical arrangements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2300/00—Aspects of the constitution of display devices
    • G09G2300/04—Structural and physical details of display devices
    • G09G2300/0439—Pixel structures
    • G09G2300/0452—Details of colour pixel setup, e.g. pixel composed of a red, a blue and two green components
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2300/00—Aspects of the constitution of display devices
    • G09G2300/04—Structural and physical details of display devices
    • G09G2300/0439—Pixel structures
    • G09G2300/0465—Improved aperture ratio, e.g. by size reduction of the pixel circuit, e.g. for improving the pixel density or the maximum displayable luminance or brightness
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2320/00—Control of display operating conditions
    • G09G2320/02—Improving the quality of display appearance
    • G09G2320/0242—Compensation of deficiencies in the appearance of colours

Definitions

  • the present invention belongs to the field of display technologies, and in particular, to a pixel structure and display method, and a display device including the same.
  • a pixel unit includes red (R), green (G), and blue (B) sub-pixels of three different colors, by controlling the size of RGB sub-pixel components of three colors in a pixel unit, that is, The color and brightness displayed by the pixel (one pixel unit per pixel) can be controlled.
  • FIG. 1A to FIG. 1C are schematic diagrams showing the structure of an RGB sub-pixel arrangement in a pixel unit in the prior art, including a strip arrangement (see FIG. 1A), a delta arrangement (see FIG. 1B), and a mosaic (mosaic). ) Arrange (see Figure 1C) in three ways.
  • the RGB sub-pixels are arranged in a row, and the RGB sub-pixels are arranged in a row. Since the arrangement has only one color in the column direction, color unevenness is likely to occur, and color edge errors are generated. The display effect is affected; and the two arrangements in FIG. 1B and FIG. 1C also have the problem of uneven color in some directions, and the resolution is not high.
  • the resolution of the display device can be improved by increasing the number of pixels per inch (Pixels Per Inch, PPI for short) of the display device.
  • PPI Pixel Per Inch
  • the actual display resolution of the display device is the same as the physical resolution of the display device. If a higher display resolution is desired, it is necessary to increase the physical resolution of the display device by increasing the number of sub-pixels. As mentioned before, due to the improvement of the process At the limit, it is difficult to continue to increase the resolution when the number of sub-pixels increases to a certain number;
  • the aperture ratio generally refers to the illumination in the pixel region.
  • the resolution is high, it is difficult to ensure the aperture ratio of the sub-pixel, which may affect the life, brightness and the like of the product;
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a pixel structure, a display method thereof, and a display device including the pixel structure, which can improve the high resolution while improving the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art.
  • the aperture ratio of the sub-pixel not only simplifies the preparation process, but also obtains a better brightness level and prolongs the life of the product; and avoids color edge error and color unevenness by setting the weighting value of the base color which is missing in the display process. The phenomenon of achieving a better display.
  • the technical solution adopted to solve the technical problem of the present invention is the pixel structure, including a first staggered first pixel unit and a second pixel unit, wherein the first pixel unit includes a first sub-pixel and a second sub-pixel arranged in a diagonal line, the second pixel unit including diagonally arranged a third sub-pixel and a fourth sub-pixel, and the first sub-pixel and the third sub-pixel have different base colors, and the second sub-pixel and the fourth sub-pixel have the same base color.
  • the first pixel unit and the second pixel unit are alternately arranged in a row direction and a column direction, and the first pixel unit of the adjacent row and the second pixel unit of the adjacent row are arranged in the row direction.
  • the positions of one pixel unit are staggered; the arrangement of the first pixel unit of the adjacent column and the second pixel unit of the adjacent column in the column direction are staggered by the position of one pixel unit.
  • the first sub-pixel and the second sub-pixel in the first pixel unit are disposed in two adjacent rows of sub-pixels and two adjacent columns of sub-pixels, in the second pixel unit
  • the third sub-pixel and the fourth sub-pixel are disposed in adjacent two rows of sub-pixels and adjacent two columns of sub-pixels such that the first sub-pixel and the third sub-pixel are in a row direction or
  • the column directions are alternately arranged in order, and the second sub-pixel and the fourth sub-pixel are alternately arranged in the row direction or the column direction.
  • the first sub-pixel and the third sub-pixel are alternately arranged in odd-numbered rows of odd-numbered columns, and the second and fourth sub-pixels are alternately arranged in even-numbered rows and even-numbered columns;
  • first sub-pixel and the third sub-pixel are alternately arranged in an odd-numbered even-numbered column, and the second sub-pixel and the fourth sub-pixel are alternately arranged in an even-numbered odd-numbered column;
  • first sub-pixel and the third sub-pixel are alternately arranged in an even-numbered row of odd-numbered columns, and the second sub-pixel and the fourth sub-pixel are alternately arranged in an odd-numbered even-numbered column;
  • first sub-pixel and the third sub-pixel are alternately arranged in an even-numbered even-numbered column
  • second sub-pixel and the fourth sub-pixel are alternately arranged in an odd-numbered odd-numbered column.
  • the centers of the first sub-pixel and the third sub-pixel in the same row or the same column are on the same straight line, and the second sub-pixel and the fourth sub-pixel are in the same row or the same column.
  • the centers of the pixels are on the same line.
  • the first sub-pixel, the second sub-pixel, the third sub-pixel, and the fourth sub-pixel are evenly arranged.
  • the center of the first sub-pixel is located opposite to the first a center line of a center line of two of the third sub-pixels adjacent to one sub-pixel;
  • the center of the first sub-pixel is located on a center line of a center line of two of the third sub-pixels adjacent to the first sub-pixel.
  • the center of the third sub-pixel is located on a center line of a center line of two of the first sub-pixels adjacent to the third sub-pixel;
  • the center of the third sub-pixel is located on a center line of a center line of two of the first sub-pixels adjacent to the third sub-pixel.
  • the second sub-pixel or the fourth sub-pixel is located in a direction oblique to 45 degrees of the first sub-pixel or the third sub-pixel.
  • the second sub-pixel and the fourth sub-pixel have the same area, and the area of the first sub-pixel is the same as the area of the third sub-pixel and larger than the area of the second sub-pixel; Or the area of the second sub-pixel and the fourth sub-pixel are the same, the area of the third sub-pixel is larger than the area of the first sub-pixel, and the area of the first sub-pixel is larger than the second The area of the sub-pixel.
  • a spacing between adjacent ones of the first sub-pixels and the second sub-pixels is equal to a spacing between adjacent ones of the third sub-pixels and the fourth sub-pixels; adjacent A spacing between the first sub-pixel and the third sub-pixel is smaller than a spacing between the adjacent second sub-pixel and the fourth sub-pixel.
  • the base color includes red, green, and blue
  • the base color of the first sub-pixel is red
  • the base color of the third sub-pixel is blue
  • the second sub-pixel and the fourth The base color of the sub-pixel is green.
  • the shape of the first sub-pixel, the second sub-pixel, the third sub-pixel, and the fourth sub-pixel is an axisymmetric pattern having an axis of symmetry, and the extending direction of the axis of symmetry is parallel to Row direction or column direction.
  • the shapes of the first sub-pixel, the second sub-pixel, the third sub-pixel, and the fourth sub-pixel are circular, triangular, quadrangular, pentagonal, hexagonal, or eight Any one or combination of a plurality of sides.
  • the first sub-pixel and the third sub-pixel are quadrilateral or octagonal and the first sub-pixel and the third sub-pixel are identical in shape
  • the second sub-pixel and the first The four sub-pixels are quadrilateral or octagonal and the second sub-pixel and the fourth The sub-pixels have the same shape.
  • the first sub-pixel and the second sub-pixel in the first pixel unit are respectively connected to one data line, the third sub-pixel in the second pixel unit and the first The four sub-pixels are respectively connected to a data line for receiving pixel display information.
  • the first pixel unit is displayed by using the third sub-pixel of the at least one adjacent second pixel unit, and the second pixel unit borrows at least one The first sub-pixels of the adjacent first pixel units are displayed such that the first pixel unit and the second pixel unit can display pixel display information of the sub-pixels of the three basic colors.
  • the method comprises the following steps:
  • Step S1 acquiring, from the pixel display information data source, a theoretical brightness value of a color corresponding to a base color of the first sub-pixel and the second sub-pixel in the first pixel unit, and acquiring the second a theoretical brightness value of a color corresponding to a base color of the third sub-pixel and the fourth sub-pixel in the pixel unit;
  • Step S2 calculating actual brightness values of the first sub-pixel, the second sub-pixel, the third sub-pixel, and the fourth sub-pixel;
  • Step S3 input an actual brightness value to the first sub-pixel, the second sub-pixel, the third sub-pixel, and the fourth sub-pixel, thereby implementing image display.
  • step S2 actual brightness values of the second sub-pixel and the fourth sub-pixel are set to theoretical brightness values of colors corresponding to the base colors thereof;
  • the actual brightness value of the first sub-pixel is set to be the theoretical brightness value of the base color corresponding to the first sub-pixel required in the first pixel unit and at least one of the second pixel units adjacent thereto a weighted sum of theoretical luminance values of the base colors required corresponding to the first sub-pixel;
  • the actual brightness value of the third sub-pixel is set to be a theoretical brightness value of the base color corresponding to the third sub-pixel required in the second pixel unit and at least one of the first pixel units adjacent thereto A weighted sum of theoretical luminance values of the base colors required corresponding to the third subpixel.
  • the first pixel unit borrows N adjacent second pixel sheets
  • the third sub-pixel in the cell is displayed, and the second pixel unit is displayed by borrowing the first sub-pixel in the N adjacent first pixel units; correspondingly, in step S2,
  • the weighted values of the theoretical luminance values of the first sub-pixel and the third sub-pixel are both 1/N, where: N ⁇ 1.
  • the first pixel unit borrows from the third sub-pixel of the adjacent one of the second pixel units for display, and the second pixel unit borrows an adjacent one of the first pixel unit
  • the first sub-pixel in the display is displayed; correspondingly, in step S2, the weighted values of the theoretical luminance values of the first sub-pixel and the third sub-pixel are both 1/2.
  • a display device includes the above pixel structure.
  • the display device is an organic light emitting diode display device or a liquid crystal display device.
  • the invention has the beneficial effects that the pixel structure and the display method thereof provided by the invention improve the pixel aperture ratio by improving the pixel arrangement manner, and correspondingly improve the brightness of the pixel structure and improve the pixel resolution; meanwhile, the design
  • the design A display method for the above pixel structure can not only achieve normal image display, but also avoid the phenomenon of color edge error and color unevenness caused by pixel arrangement in the prior art, improve the display effect of the display device, and solve the problem.
  • the resolution of the display device in the prior art, especially the organic light-emitting display device is difficult to increase due to process problems.
  • FIG. 1A is a schematic structural view of an RGB sub-pixel arranged in a strip shape in the prior art
  • FIG. 1B is a schematic structural diagram of an RGB sub-pixel arranged in a delta array in the prior art
  • 1C is a schematic structural view of a RGB sub-pixel arranged in a mosaic in the prior art
  • FIG. 2A is a schematic structural diagram of an arrangement manner of each pixel unit in a pixel structure according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2B is a schematic structural diagram of another arrangement manner of each pixel unit in a pixel structure according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a positional relationship of each sub-pixel in the pixel unit of FIG. 2A;
  • 4A is a schematic structural view of a mask formed by forming a first sub-pixel and a third sub-pixel;
  • 4B is a schematic structural view of a mask for forming a second sub-pixel and a fourth sub-pixel;
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the RGB three primary colors displayed by the first pixel unit and the second pixel unit of the pixel structure borrowing adjacent sub-pixels of the missing base color in the second embodiment;
  • the technical idea of the present invention is to use a red, green and blue primary color to mix colors to form a plurality of colors, thereby realizing image display; and, by utilizing different characteristics of different colors of the human eye, the prior art is disposed in the same pixel unit.
  • the red, green and blue primary colors are dispersedly disposed in two adjacent pixel units, and the arrangement of the pixel units is adjusted such that adjacent pixel units in the pixel structure borrow from each other in adjacent pixel units during display.
  • the base color that is missing by itself realizes the display of the three primary colors of red, green and blue, thereby realizing image display of different colors and obtaining better color uniformity.
  • a pixel structure includes a first pixel unit and a second pixel unit which are sequentially staggered, the first pixel unit includes a first sub-pixel and a second sub-pixel arranged in a diagonal line, and the second pixel unit includes oblique lines
  • the third sub-pixel and the fourth sub-pixel, and the first sub-pixel and the third sub-pixel have different base colors, and the second sub-pixel and the fourth sub-pixel have the same base color.
  • the pixel structure can improve the aperture ratio of the sub-pixel while achieving high resolution, which not only simplifies the preparation process, but also obtains a better brightness level and prolongs the life of the product; and through the basis of its own missing in the display process.
  • the setting of the weighting value of the color avoids the phenomenon of color edge error and color unevenness, thereby achieving a better display effect.
  • the pixel structure includes a first pixel unit 1 and a second pixel unit 2 which are sequentially staggered, and the first pixel unit 1 includes a diagonal line.
  • the second pixel unit 2 includes a third sub-pixel 21 and a fourth sub-pixel 22 arranged in a diagonal line, and the first sub-pixel 11 and the third sub-pixel 21 have different foundations
  • the color, the second sub-pixel 12 and the fourth sub-pixel 22 have the same base color.
  • the base color of the first sub-pixel 11 is red
  • the base color of the third sub-pixel 21 is blue
  • the base color of the second sub-pixel 12 and the fourth sub-pixel 22 is green.
  • the basic color refers to a color that the sub-pixel structure itself has capable of realizing color display, for example, for a pixel structure in an organic electroluminescence display device, the basic color refers to an organic electroluminescent diode.
  • the color of the luminescent layer that is, the corresponding color of the light that the luminescent layer can emit under a normal pressurized state; for the pixel structure in the liquid crystal display device, the basic color refers to the color film layer in the color filter substrate
  • the color of the color filter (CF) is the corresponding color that can be obtained by filtering the light in the backlight through the color filter layer.
  • the base colors include red, green, and blue.
  • the base color in the sub-pixel may be any one of the three primary colors of red, green and blue.
  • the first pixel unit 1 and the second pixel unit 2 are alternately arranged in the embodiment, and the sub-pixels in the adjacent first pixel unit 1 and second pixel unit 2 in each column are oblique.
  • the directions of the line alignments may be parallel to each other (as shown in Figure 2A) or cross each other or even perpendicular (as shown in Figure 2B).
  • the first pixel unit 1 and the second pixel unit 2 are alternately arranged in the row direction and the column direction. Specifically, the first pixel unit 1 and the second pixel unit 2 are alternately arranged in the row direction and the column direction. In the pixel unit of the adjacent row, the arrangement of the first pixel unit 1 and the second pixel unit 2 in the row direction is shifted by the position of one pixel unit. In the pixel unit of the adjacent column, the arrangement of the first pixel unit 1 and the second pixel unit 2 in the column direction is shifted by the position of one pixel unit.
  • the pixel unit includes a first pixel unit 1 or a second pixel unit 2.
  • the arrangement order of the first pixel unit 1 and the second pixel unit 2 in the adjacent pixel unit rows is different according to the above-described staggered arrangement, and the first pixel unit 1 and the second pixel unit 2 in the adjacent pixel unit columns are arranged in the order It is also different. As shown in FIG. 2A and FIG. 2B, each pixel unit is shown by a dashed box. In the pixel units of adjacent rows, the first pixel unit 1 and the second pixel unit 2 in one row are arranged in the first pixel unit. 1.
  • the second pixel unit 2, the first pixel unit 1, the second pixel unit 2, ..., the arrangement order of the first pixel unit 1 and the second pixel unit 2 in the other row is the second pixel unit 2, the first pixel
  • the first pixel unit 1 and the second pixel unit 2 in one of the columns are arranged in the first pixel unit 1.
  • the second pixel unit 2, the first pixel unit 1, the second pixel unit 2, ..., the arrangement order of the first pixel unit 1 and the second pixel unit 2 in the other column is the second pixel unit 2, and the first pixel unit 1 Second pixel unit 2, first pixel unit 1 .
  • the first sub-pixel 11 and the second sub-pixel 12 in the first pixel unit 1 are disposed in adjacent two rows of sub-pixels and Among the two adjacent columns of sub-pixels, the third sub-pixel 21 and the fourth sub-pixel 22 of the second pixel unit 2 are disposed in the adjacent two rows of sub-pixels and the adjacent two columns of sub-pixels, such that the first sub-pixel 11 And the third sub-pixels 21 are alternately arranged in the row direction or the column direction, respectively, and the second sub-pixel 12 and the fourth sub-pixel 22 are alternately arranged in the row direction or the column direction, that is, the second sub-pixel 12 and the fourth sub-pixel.
  • the pixels 22 are arranged on the same row or column.
  • the second sub-pixel 12 and the fourth sub-pixel 22 are alternately arranged in an even row or an odd row, respectively.
  • the first sub-pixel 11 and the third sub-pixel 21 are alternately arranged in an odd column or an even column
  • the second sub-pixel 12 and the fourth sub-pixel 22 are alternately arranged in an even column or an odd column, respectively.
  • the method includes the following arrangement: the first sub-pixel 11 and the third sub-pixel 21 are alternately arranged in odd-numbered rows of odd-numbered columns, and the second sub-pixels 12 and the fourth sub-pixels 22 are alternately arranged in even-numbered rows of even-numbered columns; or, the first sub-pixel 11 and the third sub-pixels 21 are alternately arranged in the odd-numbered row even columns, and the second sub-pixel 12 and the fourth sub-pixel 22 are alternately arranged in the even-numbered rows of odd-numbered columns; or, the first sub-pixel 11 And the third sub-pixels 21 are alternately arranged in the even-numbered rows of odd-numbered columns, the second sub-pixels 12 and the fourth sub-pixels 22 are alternately arranged in the odd-numbered rows and even columns; or the first sub-pixels 11 and the third sub-pixels 21 are alternately arranged in the even-numbered columns
  • the row even columns, the second sub-pixel 12 and the fourth sub-pixel 22 are alternately arranged in odd-numbered rows of odd-numbered columns
  • the odd-numbered row even columns, the second sub-pixel 12, and the fourth sub-pixel 22 are alternately disposed in the even-numbered rows of odd-numbered columns or the first sub-pixels 11 and
  • the third sub-pixels 21 are alternately arranged in an even-numbered row of odd-numbered columns, and the second sub-pixels 12 and the fourth sub-pixels 22 are alternately arranged in odd-numbered rows and even columns.
  • a single sub-pixel or a column of individual sub-pixels may appear in the edge.
  • the sub-pixel may be combined to form a pixel unit including three sub-pixels for display, or the adjacent first pixel unit 1 or the second pixel may be borrowed.
  • the two sub-pixels in the unit 2 are displayed, and the edge processing algorithm can achieve a good display effect, which is not limited herein.
  • the first sub-pixel 11 and the third sub-pixel 21 in one row are alternately arranged, and the sub-pixels in another row are arranged in the order of the second sub-pixel 12 and
  • the fourth sub-pixels 22 are alternately arranged; correspondingly, among the sub-pixels of the adjacent columns, the first sub-pixel 11 and the third sub-pixel 21 in one column are alternately arranged, and the sub-pixels in the other column are arranged in the second sub-pixel. 12 and the fourth sub-pixels 22 are alternately arranged.
  • it can be flexibly set according to the aspect ratio of the display panel and the actual conditions such as length and width.
  • the first sub-pixel 11 and the third sub-pixel 21 in the same row or the same column are located on the same straight line, and the second sub-pixel 12 and the fourth sub-pixel are in the same row or the same column.
  • the centers of the pixels 22 are on the same line to simplify the fabrication process of the pixel structure.
  • the first sub-pixel 11, the second sub-pixel 12, the third sub-pixel 21, and the fourth sub-pixel 22 are evenly arranged. Based on such an arrangement, it is possible to realize uniform distribution of the red, green and blue sub-pixels throughout the display panel, and thus it is possible to realize higher quality screen display.
  • the center of the first sub-pixel 11 is located on the center line of the center line of the two third sub-pixels 21 adjacent to the first sub-pixel 11; In the same row, the center of the first sub-pixel 11 is also located on the center line of the center line of the two third sub-pixels 21 adjacent to the first sub-pixel 11.
  • the center of the third sub-pixel 21 is located on the center line of the center line of the two first sub-pixels 11 adjacent to the third sub-pixel 21; meanwhile, in the same row, the third sub-pixel The center of the pixel 21 is also located on the center line of the center line of the two first sub-pixels 11 adjacent to the third sub-pixel 21.
  • the second sub-pixel 12 or the fourth sub-pixel 22 is located in the direction of the oblique direction of the first sub-pixel 11 or the third sub-pixel 21 by 45 degrees. That is, in the adjacent pixel unit, the second sub-pixels 12 are respectively located in the direction of the oblique direction of the first sub-pixel 11 or the third sub-pixel 21 by 45 degrees, such as the upper left 45 degree direction, the upper right 45 degree direction, the lower left 45 degree direction or It can be 45 degrees in the lower right. It is shown in FIG. 2A that the second sub-pixel 12 is located at a right lower 45 degrees of the first sub-pixel 11.
  • the first sub-pixel 11 is a red sub-pixel
  • the second sub-pixel 12 is a green sub-pixel
  • the third sub-pixel 21 is a blue sub-pixel
  • the fourth sub-pixel 22 is a green sub-pixel.
  • the second sub-pixel 12 and the fourth sub-pixel 22 have the same area
  • the area of the first sub-pixel 11 is the same as the area of the third sub-pixel 21 and larger than the second.
  • the areas of the second sub-pixel 12 and the fourth sub-pixel 22 may be set smaller than the areas of the first sub-pixel 11 and the third sub-pixel 21.
  • the area of the third sub-pixel 21 is larger than the area of the first sub-pixel 11 , and the area of the first sub-pixel 11 is larger than the area of the second sub-pixel 12 .
  • the blue sub-pixel area may be larger than the red sub-pixel and the green sub-pixel area.
  • the green luminescent material is the most efficient, so the green sub-pixel area can be made the smallest.
  • the pixel structure can be formed in the form of RGBG or GRGB or BRGR, so that the image displayed by the display panel is more full.
  • the pitch is equal to the spacing between the adjacent third sub-pixel 21 and the fourth sub-pixel 22; the spacing between the adjacent first sub-pixel 11 and the third sub-pixel 21 is smaller than the adjacent second sub-pixel 12 and The spacing between the fourth sub-pixels 22.
  • the line between the two points closest to the adjacent sub-pixels is used as the pitch of the sub-pixels, and the distance d1 between the first sub-pixel 11 and the second sub-pixel 12 and the third sub-pixel 21 are The spacing d2 between the fourth sub-pixels 22 is equal; further, for the sub-pixels located at the edge of the display screen that do not constitute two complete pixel units, for example, for three sub-pixels having exactly three primary colors, the first sub-pixel 11
  • the pitch d7 between the first sub-pixel 21 and the second sub-pixel 12 and the pitch d1 between the first sub-pixel 11 and the second sub-pixel 12 may also be equal to simplify the fabrication process of the pixel structure.
  • the spacing d3 between the adjacent two second sub-pixels 12 and the spacing d4 between the adjacent two fourth sub-pixels 22 are equal and smaller than between the adjacent two first sub-pixels 11
  • the pitch d5 and the spacing d6 between the adjacent two third sub-pixels 21; the spacing d7 between the adjacent first sub-pixel 11 and the third sub-pixel 21 is smaller than the adjacent second sub-pixel 12 and fourth The spacing d8 between the sub-pixels 22.
  • the spacing between the sub-pixels can be flexibly designed as needed to ensure the accuracy of the display screen formed by the plurality of sub-pixels.
  • the shapes of the first sub-pixel 11, the second sub-pixel 12, the third sub-pixel 21, and the fourth sub-pixel 22 are axisymmetric patterns having an axis of symmetry extending parallel to the sub-pixels.
  • the row direction or column direction of the array is such that each pixel unit in the pixel structure forms a structure arranged along the axis of symmetry of the sub-pixel pattern.
  • the high-precision metal mask FMM is usually stretched in the row direction or the column direction during the process, because the symmetry axis of the sub-pixel pattern is along the row or column.
  • the orientation is arranged, so that the shape of the sub-pixel is not deformed due to the stretching process of the high-precision metal mask FMM, so that the correct position of each sub-pixel in the pixel structure can be ensured.
  • the shapes of the first sub-pixel 11, the second sub-pixel 12, the third sub-pixel 21, and the fourth sub-pixel 22 are any of a circle, a triangle, a quadrangle, a pentagon, a hexagon, or an octagon.
  • One or more combinations, such as the first sub-pixel 11, the second sub-pixel 12, the third sub-pixel 21, and the fourth sub-pixel 22 may all be quadrilateral or octagonal, or The one sub-pixel 11 and the third sub-pixel 21 are octagonal, the second sub-pixel 12 and the fourth sub-pixel 22 are quadrilateral, and the like, which may be determined according to actual design requirements.
  • the sub-pixels are all diamond-shaped or square-shaped, and the symmetry axis of the sub-pixel shape may be an oblique diagonal line, and the first sub-pixel 11, the second sub-pixel 12, the third sub-pixel 21, and the fourth sub-pixel 22 Arranged diagonally along the sub-pixel shape.
  • each sub-pixel can be designed as a quadrangle as shown in FIG. 2A or FIG. 2B.
  • each sub-pixel can be designed as an octagon (for example, in FIG. 2A or FIG. 2B).
  • the quadrilateral sub-pixel cuts off the four corners to form an octagon).
  • it can also be other shapes such as hexagons, circles, triangles, pentagons, and the like.
  • the first sub-pixel 11 and the third sub-pixel 21 are quadrilateral or octagonal and the first sub-pixel 11 and the third sub-pixel 21 are identical in shape
  • the second sub-pixel 12 and the fourth sub-pixel 22 are quadrilateral or The octagonal shape and the second sub-pixel 12 and the fourth sub-pixel 22 are identical in shape, which facilitates the fabrication of a mask.
  • the first pixel unit 1 and the second pixel unit 2 include an organic light emitting diode display device or a liquid crystal display device, that is, the pixel structure in this embodiment is applicable to both an organic light emitting diode display device and an LCD display device.
  • the pixel structure in this embodiment is applicable to both an organic light emitting diode display device and an LCD display device.
  • it can also be used for other devices having a pixel structure, such as a digital camera, a plasma display device, and the like.
  • the first sub-pixel 11, the second sub-pixel 12, the third sub-pixel 21, and the fourth sub-pixel 22 are formed by a patterning process, and the area of the first sub-pixel 11 is the same as the area of the third sub-pixel 21 and larger than the second
  • the structure of the area of the sub-pixel 12, the first sub-pixel 11 and the third sub-pixel 21 share the same mask and are formed in two patterning processes, while the second and fourth sub-pixels 22 use the same mask and Formed in a patterning process.
  • the areas of the first sub-pixel 11 and the third sub-pixel 21 are set to be the same, the same mask can be shared when the red sub-pixel and the blue sub-pixel are prepared, so only the mask is required to be parallel in the row direction or the column direction. Move the spacing of one row/column sub-pixels.
  • the patterning process may include only a photolithography process, or may include a photolithography process and an etching step, and may also include other processes for forming a predetermined pattern, such as printing, inkjet, and the like.
  • the photolithography process refers to a process of forming a pattern by using a photoresist, a mask, an exposure machine, or the like including a process of film formation, exposure, and development.
  • the corresponding patterning process can be selected in accordance with the structure formed in the present invention.
  • the opening pitch of the mask used for the green sub-pixel is increased compared to the high-precision metal mask FMM used in the conventional strip arrangement.
  • the pixel pitch is shifted from the row or column direction to the diagonal direction, the sub-pixel pitch is increased, which is advantageous for the mask process.
  • the opening pitch is much larger than the opening pitch of the FMM used in the conventional strip arrangement; as shown in FIG.
  • the graphic area is set as the opening area of the mask used for preparing the green sub-pixel, and the opening pitch is much larger than the opening pitch of the FMM used in the conventional strip arrangement.
  • the horizontal and vertical lines of the vertical and horizontal intersections provided in FIGS. 4A and 4B are for the purpose of facilitating observation of the position and spacing of the opening areas corresponding to the respective sub-pixels, and are not present in the actual mask.
  • the opening pitch of the mask of the red sub-pixel, the blue sub-pixel or the green sub-pixel is increased, which is very advantageous for the FMM design and the organic layer evaporation process, and it is easier to achieve high resolution. It can be seen that compared with the pixel structure in which one pixel unit is implemented by three sub-pixels in the prior art, the pixel structure can greatly simplify the manufacturing process, and the FMM process is easier to implement.
  • each pixel unit is composed of only two sub-pixels, and each sub-pixel is connected to one data line (the same as in the prior art, receiving pixel information through the data line). That is, the first sub-pixel 11 and the second sub-pixel 12 in the first pixel unit 1 are respectively connected to two data lines (neither shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B), and the third sub-pixel unit 2 The pixel 21 and the fourth sub-pixel 22 are respectively connected to two data lines.
  • the number of data lines in the embodiment is less, thereby reducing the power consumption of the display device, improving the aperture ratio of the display device, and correspondingly improving The brightness of the pixel structure in the display device.
  • This embodiment provides a display method corresponding to the pixel structure in Embodiment 1.
  • the pixel structure utilizes two sub-pixels to form one pixel unit, and a pixel sharing algorithm can achieve higher resolution pixel display.
  • the first pixel unit 1 is displayed by using the third sub-pixel 21 of the at least one adjacent second pixel unit 2, and the second pixel unit 2 is borrowed from at least one adjacent first pixel unit 1.
  • the first sub-pixel 11 is displayed such that both the first pixel unit 1 and the second pixel unit 2 can display pixel display information of the sub-pixels of the three basic colors.
  • the first pixel unit 1 has a red sub-pixel and a green sub-pixel, which borrows the blue sub-pixels in the adjacent second pixel unit 2 to realize RGB three primary colors display; similarly, the second pixel unit 2 has blue The sub-pixel and the green sub-pixel, which borrow the red sub-pixels in the adjacent first pixel unit 1, realize RGB three primary color display.
  • the specific borrowing principle as shown in FIG.
  • each pixel unit can borrow a sub-pixel whose missing color is in a neighboring pixel unit on either side thereof, for example, borrowing a sub-pixel of a right or left adjacent pixel unit or borrowing Sub-pixels of adjacent pixel units above or below the same; at the same time, multiple sub-pixels may be borrowed at the same time, or only one sub-pixel may be borrowed, which are not limited.
  • a pixel display information data source is provided, and pixel data having red, green and blue color information is input to each of the first pixel unit 1 and the second pixel unit 2, and the display method of the pixel structure includes the following step:
  • Step S1 acquiring a theoretical luminance value of a color corresponding to a base color of the first sub-pixel 11 and the second sub-pixel 12 in the first pixel unit 1 from the pixel display information data source, and acquiring the second pixel unit 2 The theoretical luminance value of the color corresponding to the base color of the three sub-pixels 21 and the fourth sub-pixels 22.
  • the pixel data is subjected to color separation and amplification correction to obtain three primary colors, and then subjected to matrix transformation to obtain a luminance signal, which is a theoretical luminance value corresponding to the colors of the three primary colors.
  • This part of the processing can adopt any processing method of luminance separation in the prior art, and therefore will not be described in detail herein.
  • Step S2 The actual luminance values of the first sub-pixel 11, the second sub-pixel 12, the third sub-pixel 21, and the fourth sub-pixel 22 are calculated.
  • the luminance value of the red sub-pixel is calculated as an example, in the first pixel unit 1
  • the actual luminance value of the first sub-pixel 11 is the theoretical luminance value of the red color to be displayed in the pixel unit and the theoretical luminance value of the red color to be displayed in the at least one second pixel unit 2 of the adjacent row or column. Processed.
  • the calculation method of the actual luminance value of the third sub-pixel 21 in the second pixel unit 2 is similar.
  • actual brightness values of the second sub-pixel 12 and the fourth sub-pixel 22 are set to theoretical brightness values of colors corresponding to the base colors thereof;
  • the actual luminance value of the first sub-pixel 11 is set to the theoretical luminance value of the base color corresponding to the first sub-pixel 11 required in the first pixel unit 1 and the first required in the adjacent at least one second pixel unit 2 a weighted sum of theoretical luminance values of the base colors corresponding to the sub-pixels 11;
  • the actual luminance value of the third sub-pixel 21 is set to the theoretical luminance value of the base color corresponding to the third sub-pixel 21 required in the second pixel unit 2 and the third required in the adjacent at least one first pixel unit 1
  • the first pixel unit 1 borrows the third sub-pixel 21 of the N adjacent second pixel units 2 to display the sub-pixel of the base color missing by the first pixel unit 1, and the second pixel unit 2 borrows N
  • the first sub-pixel 11 in the adjacent first pixel unit 1 displays the sub-pixels of the base color missing by the second pixel unit 2, thereby realizing red, green and blue primary color display.
  • the weighted values of the theoretical luminance values of the first sub-pixel 11 and the third sub-pixel 21 are both 1/N, where: N ⁇ 1. It should be understood here that the weighting value can be appropriately adjusted according to the overall effect of the picture of the image corresponding to the pixel data (for example, vivid or dim) to obtain a more suitable weighted sum.
  • the first pixel unit 1 is displayed by the third sub-pixel 21 of one adjacent second pixel unit 2, and the second pixel unit 2 is borrowed by an adjacent first pixel unit 1.
  • the first sub-pixel 11 is displayed; correspondingly, in this step, the weighted values of the theoretical luminance values of the first sub-pixel 11 and the third sub-pixel 21 are both 1/2.
  • the final actual luminance value of the actual sub-pixel is the theoretical luminance value of the base color of the pixel unit in which it is located and the theoretical luminance value of the sub-pixel having the same basic color in the borrowed adjacent pixel unit, and
  • the respective weighted values are multiplied separately The sum of the products to arrive.
  • the input data signal is a weighted superposition of two sub-pixel signals, for example, taking a blue sub-pixel as an example, the input signal is a signal of a blue sub-pixel in the pixel unit in which it is located and a normal display in the adjacent second pixel unit 2
  • the sum of the signals of the required blue sub-pixels may be 1/2 each.
  • Step S3 input actual brightness values to the first sub-pixel 11, the second sub-pixel 12, the third sub-pixel 21, and the fourth sub-pixel 22 to realize display of three primary colors of red, green and blue, thereby realizing image display.
  • step S2 the actual luminance values of the respective sub-pixels obtained in step S2 are output to the first sub-pixel 11, the second sub-pixel 12, the third sub-pixel 21, and the fourth sub-pixel 22, thereby realizing image display.
  • each sub-pixel is respectively connected to one data line, and in this step, through the first sub-pixel 11, the second sub-pixel 12, the third sub-pixel 21, and the fourth sub-pixel
  • the data lines connected to the pixels 22 respectively output the actual luminance values of the respective sub-pixels obtained in step S2.
  • the theoretical brightness values of the three basic colors in one pixel unit may be converted by a processing unit or a data conversion module.
  • the specific data conversion process will not be described in detail herein.
  • a pixel unit having two sub-pixels realizes three primary color display by a simple pixel sharing algorithm.
  • the present embodiment provides a display device using the pixel structure in Embodiment 1 and the display method of the pixel structure in Embodiment 2.
  • the display device can be any product or component having a display function, such as a liquid crystal panel, an electronic paper, an OLED panel, a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a television, a display, a notebook computer, a digital photo frame, a navigator, and the like.
  • a display function such as a liquid crystal panel, an electronic paper, an OLED panel, a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a television, a display, a notebook computer, a digital photo frame, a navigator, and the like.
  • the display device has a high yield because the pixel structure therein is very advantageous for the organic layer evaporation process; moreover, the display device has a better display effect due to the higher brightness and color uniformity of the pixel structure therein. .
  • the pixel structure and the display method thereof provided by the invention improve the pixel aperture ratio by improving the pixel arrangement manner, and correspondingly improve the brightness of the pixel structure and improve the pixel resolution; and at the same time, design a pixel structure for the above pixel structure
  • the display method can not only realize normal image display, but also avoid the phenomenon of color edge error and color unevenness caused by pixel arrangement in the prior art, improve the display effect of the display device, and solve the display device in the prior art, especially It is a problem that the resolution of the organic light-emitting display device is difficult to be improved due to a process problem.

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Abstract

本发明属于显示技术领域，具体涉及一种像素结构及其显示方法和包括该像素结构的显示装置。该像素结构包括依次交错排列的第一像素单元和第二像素单元，所述第一像素单元包括呈斜线排列的第一子像素和第二子像素，第二像素单元包括呈斜线排列的第三子像素和第四子像素，且所述第一子像素与所述第三子像素具有不同的基础颜色，所述第二子像素与所述第四子像素具有相同的基础颜色。该像素结构在实现高分辨率的同时，又能提高子像素的开口率，不仅简化了制备工艺，得到较好的亮度水平，延长产品的寿命；而且通过对显示过程中其自身缺失的基础颜色的加权值的设置，避免彩色边缘误差和颜色不均匀的现象，从而实现更好的显示效果。

Description

一种像素结构及其显示方法、显示装置 技术领域
本发明属于显示技术领域，具体涉及一种像素结构和显示方法、以及包括该像素结构的显示装置。
背景技术
在现有技术的平板显示装置中，彩色显示屏是通过像素单元实现图像显示的。通常情况下，一个像素单元中包括红(R)、绿(G)、蓝(B)三种不同颜色的子像素，通过控制某个像素单元中三种颜色的RGB子像素分量的大小，即可控制该像素点(每一像素点对应一个像素单元)所显示的色彩和亮度。
如图1A至图1C所示为现有技术中像素单元中RGB子像素排布的结构示意图，包括条状排列(见图1A)、德尔塔(delta)排列(见图1B)以及马赛克(mosaic)排列(见图1C)三种方式。其中，图1A中，RGB子像素顺序排列成行，且RGB子像素各自排列成列，由于该种排列方式在列方向只有一种颜色，因此容易产生颜色不均匀的现象，并且产生彩色边缘误差，影响显示效果；而图1B和图1C中这两种排列方式也存在某些方向上颜色不均匀的问题，且分辨率不高。
实际应用中，可通过提高显示装置的每英寸所拥有的像素数目(Pixels Per Inch，简称：PPI)来提高显示装置的分辨率。而为达到提高PPI的目的，需要尽可能减小每个像素的面积并减小像素间的间距。相应的，由于每个像素均由子像素组成，当一个显示装置需要较大数量的像素以实现高分辨率的显示时，所需的子像素的数量也较多。但随着工艺的不断精细化，工艺的提高会达到极限。
综合来讲，现有技术的显示装置中，通常存在如下技术问题：
1)显示装置的实际的显示分辨率和该显示装置的物理分辨率相同。若想获得较高的显示分辨率，则需要通过增加子像素的数目来提高显示装置的物理分辨率。如前所提及的，由于工艺的提高也存 在极限，因此当子像素的数目增加至一定数量后很难再继续提高分辨率；
2)显示装置中子像素的数量较多，导致数据线的数量较多，从而提高了显示装置的功耗，降低了显示装置的开口率(在本领域中开口率通常是指像素区域中发光区域的面积和显示区域中可重复的像素单元的面积之间的比例。开口率越高，达到同样的显示亮度，每个像素发光区域所需的亮度越低，发光区域亮度的电流密度越低)。在分辨率较高时，很难确保子像素的开口率，从而会影响产品的寿命、亮度等特性；
3)显示装置中子像素的数量较多，且每个子像素的面积较小，从而导致显示装置的制造工艺难度大，成本高。以有机电致发光显示器件(Organic Light Emission Display，简称OLED)为例，在制作顶发射有源矩阵有机发光二极管(AMOLED)面板的现有技术中，当使用高精度金属掩模板(Fine Metal Mask，简称FMM)蒸镀并排排列的像素时，由于高精度金属掩模板一般有最小开口的限制，因此不同颜色的子像素有开口间距离的限制。由此，显示装置的制造工艺不可避免地受到高精度金属掩模板开口面积以及蒸镀工艺精度的限制，导致难以实现高分辨率的显示器件。
可见，如何实现高分辨率的像素的制备工艺，并且在实现高分辨率的同时还能提高子像素的开口率、得到较好的亮度水平、并且延长产品的寿命一直是本领域亟待解决的技术问题。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是针对现有技术中存在的上述不足，提供一种像素结构及其显示方法和包括该像素结构的显示装置，该像素结构在实现高分辨率的同时，又能提高子像素的开口率，不仅简化了制备工艺，得到较好的亮度水平，延长产品的寿命；而且通过对显示过程中其自身缺失的基础颜色的加权值的设置，避免彩色边缘误差和颜色不均匀的现象，从而实现更好的显示效果。
解决本发明技术问题所采用的技术方案是该像素结构，包括依 次交错排列的第一像素单元和第二像素单元，其中，所述第一像素单元包括呈斜线排列的第一子像素和第二子像素，所述第二像素单元包括呈斜线排列的第三子像素和第四子像素，且所述第一子像素与所述第三子像素具有不同的基础颜色，所述第二子像素与所述第四子像素具有相同的基础颜色。
优选的是，所述第一像素单元和所述第二像素单元在行方向和列方向上交替排列，且相邻行的第一像素单元和相邻行的第二像素单元在行方向上的排列均错开一个像素单元的位置；相邻列的第一像素单元和相邻列的第二像素单元在列方向上的排列均错开一个像素单元的位置。
优选的是，所述第一像素单元中的所述第一子像素和所述第二子像素设置在相邻的两行子像素和相邻的两列子像素中，所述第二像素单元中的所述第三子像素和所述第四子像素设置在相邻的两行子像素和相邻的两列子像素中，使得所述第一子像素和所述第三子像素在行方向或列方向上分别依次交替排列，所述第二子像素和所述第四子像素在行方向或列方向上依次交替排列。
优选的是，所述第一子像素和所述第三子像素交替设置于奇数行奇数列，所述第二子像素和第四子像素交替设置于偶数行偶数列；
或者，所述第一子像素和所述第三子像素交替设置于奇数行偶数列，所述第二子像素和第四子像素交替设置于偶数行奇数列；
或者，所述第一子像素和所述第三子像素交替设置于偶数行奇数列，所述第二子像素和第四子像素交替设置于奇数行偶数列；
或者，所述第一子像素和所述第三子像素交替设置于偶数行偶数列，所述第二子像素和第四子像素交替设置于奇数行奇数列。
优选的是，处于同一行或同一列的所述第一子像素和所述第三子像素的中心位于同一直线上，处于同一行或同一列的所述第二子像素和所述第四子像素的中心位于同一直线上。
优选的是，所述第一子像素、所述第二子像素、所述第三子像素和所述第四子像素均匀排布。
优选的是，在同一列中，所述第一子像素的中心位于与所述第 一子像素相邻的两个所述第三子像素的中心连线的中线上；以及
在同一行中，所述第一子像素的中心位于与所述第一子像素相邻的两个所述第三子像素的中心连线的中线上。
优选的是，在同一列中，所述第三子像素的中心位于与所述第三子像素相邻的两个所述第一子像素的中心连线的中线上；以及
在同一行中，所述第三子像素的中心位于与所述第三子像素相邻的两个所述第一子像素的中心连线的中线上。
优选的是，所述第二子像素或所述第四子像素位于所述第一子像素或所述第三子像素的斜向45度的方向上。
优选的是，所述第二子像素和所述第四子像素的面积相同，所述第一子像素的面积与所述第三子像素的面积相同且大于所述第二子像素的面积；或者，所述第二子像素和所述第四子像素的面积相同，所述第三子像素的面积大于所述第一子像素的面积，所述第一子像素的面积大于所述第二子像素的面积。
优选的是，相邻的所述第一子像素和所述第二子像素之间的间距与相邻的所述第三子像素和所述第四子像素之间的间距相等；相邻的所述第一子像素与所述第三子像素之间的间距小于相邻的所述第二子像素与所述第四子像素之间的间距。
优选的是，基础颜色包括红色、绿色和蓝色，所述第一子像素的基础颜色为红色，所述第三子像素的基础颜色为蓝色，所述第二子像素和所述第四子像素的基础颜色为绿色。
优选的是，所述第一子像素、所述第二子像素、所述第三子像素和所述第四子像素的形状为具有对称轴的轴对称图形，该对称轴的延伸方向平行于行方向或列方向。
优选的是，所述第一子像素、所述第二子像素、所述第三子像素和所述第四子像素的形状为圆形、三角形、四边形、五边形、六边形或八边形中的任意一种或多种的组合。
优选的是，所述第一子像素和所述第三子像素为四边形或八边形且所述第一子像素和所述第三子像素形状相同，所述第二子像素和所述第四子像素为四边形或八边形且所述第二子像素和所述第四 子像素形状相同。
优选的是，所述第一像素单元中的所述第一子像素和所述第二子像素分别与一条数据线连接，所述第二像素单元中的所述第三子像素和所述第四子像素分别与一条数据线连接，所述数据线用于接收像素显示信息。
一种根据上述的像素结构的显示方法，所述第一像素单元借用至少一个相邻的所述第二像素单元中的所述第三子像素进行显示，以及所述第二像素单元借用至少一个相邻的所述第一像素单元中的所述第一子像素进行显示，以使得所述第一像素单元和第二像素单元均能显示三种基础颜色的子像素的像素显示信息。
优选的是，包括以下步骤：
步骤S1：从像素显示信息数据源中获取与所述第一像素单元中所述第一子像素、所述第二子像素的基础颜色对应的颜色的理论亮度值，以及获取与所述第二像素单元中所述第三子像素和所述第四子像素的基础颜色对应的颜色的理论亮度值；
步骤S2：计算得到所述第一子像素、所述第二子像素、所述第三子像素和第四子像素的实际亮度值；
步骤S3：向所述第一子像素、所述第二子像素、所述第三子像素和第四子像素输入实际亮度值，从而实现图像显示。
优选的是，在步骤S2中，所述第二子像素和所述第四子像素的实际亮度值设置为与其基础颜色对应的颜色的理论亮度值；
所述第一子像素的实际亮度值设置为，所述第一像素单元中所需的所述第一子像素对应的基础颜色的理论亮度值与其相邻的至少一个所述第二像素单元中所需的与所述第一子像素对应的基础颜色的理论亮度值的加权和；
所述第三子像素的实际亮度值设置为，所述第二像素单元中所需的所述第三子像素对应的基础颜色的理论亮度值与其相邻的至少一个所述第一像素单元中所需的与所述第三子像素对应的基础颜色的理论亮度值的加权和。
优选的是，所述第一像素单元借用N个相邻的所述第二像素单 元中的所述第三子像素进行显示，以及所述第二像素单元借用N个相邻的所述第一像素单元中的所述第一子像素进行显示；相应的，在步骤S2中，所述第一子像素和所述第三子像素的理论亮度值的加权值均为1/N，其中：N≥1。
优选的是，所述第一像素单元借用一个相邻的所述第二像素单元中的所述第三子像素进行显示，以及所述第二像素单元借用一个相邻的所述第一像素单元中的所述第一子像素进行显示；相应的，在步骤S2中，所述第一子像素和所述第三子像素的理论亮度值的加权值均为1/2。
一种显示装置，包括上述的像素结构。
优选的是，所述显示装置为有机发光二极管显示装置或液晶显示装置。
本发明的有益效果是：本发明提供的像素结构及其显示方法，通过像素排列方式的改进，提高了像素开口率，也相应的提高了像素结构的亮度，提高了像素分辨率；同时，设计了一种针对上述像素结构的显示方法，既能实现正常的图像显示，又能避免现有技术中像素排列方式导致的彩色边缘误差和颜色不均匀的现象，提高显示装置的显示效果，解决了现有技术中显示装置尤其是有机发光显示装置分辨率由于工艺问题难以提高的问题。
附图说明
图1A为现有技术中RGB子像素为条状排列的结构示意图；
图1B为现有技术中RGB子像素为德尔塔排列的结构示意图；
图1C为现有技术中RGB子像素为马赛克排列的结构示意图；
图2A为根据本发明实施例1的像素结构中各个像素单元的一种排列方式的结构示意图；
图2B为根据本发明实施例1的像素结构中各个像素单元的另一种排列方式的结构示意图；
图3为图2A的像素单元中各子像素的位置关系的结构示意图；
图4A为形成第一子像素和第三子像素共用的掩模板的结构示意图；
图4B为形成第二子像素和第四子像素用的掩模板的结构示意图；
图5为本实施例2中像素结构第一像素单元和第二像素单元借用相邻的缺失基础颜色的子像素实现RGB三原色显示的示意图；
附图标记中：
1－第一像素单元；11－第一子像素；12－第二子像素；
2－第二像素单元；21－第三子像素；22－第四子像素。
具体实施方式
为使本领域技术人员更好地理解本发明的技术方案，下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明像素结构及其显示方法和包括该像素结构的显示装置作进一步详细描述。
本发明的技术构思在于：利用红绿蓝三原色来混色以形成多种颜色，从而实现图像显示；以及，利用人眼对不同颜色敏感度不同的特性，将现有技术中设置在同一像素单元中的红绿蓝三原色分散设置在相邻的两个像素单元中，并通过对像素单元的排列方式进行调整，使得该像素结构中相邻的像素单元在显示过程中互相借用相邻像素单元中其自身缺失的基础颜色来实现红绿蓝三原色的显示，从而实现不同颜色的图像显示并且获得较好的色彩均匀度。
一种像素结构，包括依次交错排列的第一像素单元和第二像素单元，第一像素单元包括呈斜线排列的第一子像素和第二子像素，第二像素单元包括呈斜线排列的第三子像素和第四子像素，且第一子像素与第三子像素具有不同的基础颜色，第二子像素与第四子像素具有相同的基础颜色。
这种像素结构在实现高分辨率的同时，又能提高子像素的开口率，不仅简化了制备工艺，得到较好的亮度水平，延长产品的寿命；而且通过对显示过程中其自身缺失的基础颜色的加权值的设置，避免彩色边缘误差和颜色不均匀的现象，从而实现更好的显示效果。
实施例1：
本实施例提供一种像素结构，如图2A和图2B所示，该像素结构包括依次交错排列的第一像素单元1和第二像素单元2，第一像素单元1包括呈斜线排列的第一子像素11和第二子像素12，第二像素单元2包括呈斜线排列的第三子像素21和第四子像素22，且第一子像素11与第三子像素21具有不同的基础颜色，第二子像素12与第四子像素22具有相同的基础颜色。
在本实施例中，第一子像素11的基础颜色为红色，第三子像素21的基础颜色为蓝色，第二子像素12和第四子像素22的基础颜色为绿色。其中，基础颜色指的是该子像素结构本身所具有的能实现彩色显示的颜色，例如：对于有机电致发光显示装置中的像素结构而言，该基础颜色指的是有机电致发光二极管中发光层的颜色，即在正常加压状态下，该发光层能发出的光的相应的颜色；对于液晶显示装置中的像素结构而言，该基础颜色指的是彩膜基板中的彩膜层(Color Filter，简称CF)的颜色，即背光源中的光线经该彩膜层滤光后能得到的相应的颜色。通常情况下，基础颜色包括红色、绿色和蓝色。在本实施例中，子像素中的基础颜色可以选用红绿蓝三原色中的任一种。
如图2A、图2B所示为本实施例中第一像素单元1和第二像素单元2交错排列的形式，每一列中相邻的第一像素单元1和第二像素单元2中子像素斜线排列的方向可以互相平行(如图2A所示)或互相交叉甚至垂直(如图2B所示)。
上述像素结构中，第一像素单元1和第二像素单元2在行方向和列方向上交替排列。具体的，第一像素单元1和第二像素单元2在行方向和列方向上交替排列。在相邻行的像素单元中，第一像素单元1和第二像素单元2在行方向上的排列错开一个像素单元的位置。在相邻列的像素单元中，第一像素单元1和第二像素单元2在列方向上的排列错开一个像素单元的位置。其中，所述像素单元包括第一像素单元1或者第二像素单元2。
基于上述交错排列的结构，相邻的像素单元行中第一像素单元1和第二像素单元2的排列顺序不同，相邻的像素单元列中第一像素单元1和第二像素单元2排列顺序也不同。如图2A和图2B所示，每一像素单元以虚线框示出，相邻行的像素单元中，其中一行中的第一像素单元1与第二像素单元2的排列顺序为第一像素单元1、第二像素单元2、第一像素单元1、第二像素单元2……，则另一行中第一像素单元1与第二像素单元2的排列顺序为第二像素单元2、第一像素单元1、第二像素单元2、第一像素单元1……；相邻列的像素单元中，其中一列中的第一像素单元1与第二像素单元2的排列顺序为第一像素单元1、第二像素单元2、第一像素单元1、第二像素单元2……，则另一列中第一像素单元1与第二像素单元2的排列顺序为第二像素单元2、第一像素单元1、第二像素单元2、第一像素单元1……。
对于每一像素单元中的子像素的排列顺序，如图2A和图2B所示，第一像素单元1中的第一子像素11和第二子像素12设置在相邻的两行子像素和相邻的两列子像素中，第二像素单元2中的第三子像素21和第四子像素22设置在相邻的两行子像素和相邻的两列子像素中，使得第一子像素11和第三子像素21在行方向或列方向上分别依次交替排列，第二子像素12和第四子像素22在行方向或列方向上依次交替排列，即第二子像素12与第四子像素22设置在相同的行或列上。
在具体的排列方式上，若第一子像素11和第三子像素21交替设置于奇数行或偶数行，那么第二子像素12和第四子像素22相应地交替设置于偶数行或奇数行；同样，若第一子像素11和第三子像素21交替设置于奇数列或偶数列，那么第二子像素12和第四子像素22相应地交替设置于偶数列或奇数列。具体包括如下排列结构：第一子像素11和第三子像素21交替设置于奇数行奇数列，第二子像素12和第四子像素22交替设置于偶数行偶数列；或者，第一子像素11和第三子像素21交替设置于奇数行偶数列，第二子像素12和第四子像素22交替设置于偶数行奇数列；或者，第一子像素11 和第三子像素21交替设置于偶数行奇数列，第二子像素12和第四子像素22交替设置于奇数行偶数列；或者，第一子像素11和第三子像素21交替设置于偶数行偶数列，第二子像素12和第四子像素22交替设置于奇数行奇数列。需要说明的是，对于第一子像素11和第三子像素21交替设置于奇数行偶数列、第二子像素12和第四子像素22交替设置于偶数行奇数列或者第一子像素11和第三子像素21交替设置于偶数行奇数列、第二子像素12和第四子像素22交替设置于奇数行偶数列的方式，由于边缘可能会出现一行单独的子像素或一列单独的子像素的情况，该子像素可以与其相邻的第一像素单元1或第二像素单元2共同组成一个包含三个子像素的像素单元进行显示，或者可以借用相邻的第一像素单元1或第二像素单元2中两个子像素进行显示，根据边缘处理算法可以实现很好的显示效果，这里不做限定。
如图2A和图2B所示，相邻行的子像素中，其中一行中第一子像素11和第三子像素21交替排列，而另一行中子像素的排列顺序为第二子像素12和第四子像素22交替排列；相应的，相邻列的子像素中，其中一列中第一子像素11和第三子像素21交替排列，而另一列中子像素的排列顺序为第二子像素12和第四子像素22交替排列。在实际应用中，可根据显示面板的长宽比以及长度、宽度等实际情况进行灵活设置。
以图2A中的像素结构为例，如图3中的虚线所示(其中，第一子像素11、第二子像素12、第三子像素21和第四子像素22均与图2A中相同，在此未具体标出)，处于同一行或同一列的第一子像素11和第三子像素21的中心位于同一直线上，处于同一行或同一列的第二子像素12和第四子像素22的中心位于同一直线上，以简化该像素结构的制备工艺。
为保证显示效果的均匀性，第一子像素11、第二子像素12、第三子像素21和第四子像素22均匀排布。基于这样的设置，能够实现红绿蓝各色子像素在整个显示面板的均匀分布，因此可以实现更高品质的画面显示。
相应的，如图3所示，在同一列中，第一子像素11的中心位于与该第一子像素11相邻的两个第三子像素21的中心连线的中线上；同时，在同一行中，第一子像素11的中心也位于与该第一子像素11相邻的两个第三子像素21的中心连线的中线上。同样，在同一列中，第三子像素21的中心位于与该第三子像素21相邻的两个第一子像素11的中心连线的中线上；同时，在同一行中，第三子像素21的中心也位于与该第三子像素21相邻的两个第一子像素11的中心连线的中线上。
另外，如图3所示，第二子像素12或第四子像素22位于第一子像素11或第三子像素21的斜向45度的方向。即在相邻像素单元中，第二子像素12分别位于第一子像素11或第三子像素21的斜向45度的方向，如左上45度方向、右上45度方向、左下45度方向或右下45度方向均可。图2A中示出的是第二子像素12位于第一子像素11右下45度方向。
本实施例中，第一子像素11为红色子像素，第二子像素12为绿色子像素，第三子像素21为蓝色子像素，第四子像素22为绿色子像素。在各子像素的面积设置上，一种优选方式是，第二子像素12和第四子像素22的面积相同，第一子像素11的面积与第三子像素21的面积相同且大于第二子像素12的面积。在本实施例中，由于人眼对绿色更敏感，因此，第二子像素12和第四子像素22的面积相对第一子像素11和第三子像素21的面积可以设置的更小。
另一种优选方式是，第三子像素21的面积大于第一子像素11的面积，第一子像素11的面积大于第二子像素12的面积。特别的，对于有机发光二极管显示器件，因为相比红色和绿色，蓝色发光材料通常发光效率最低且寿命最短，因此蓝色子像素面积可以大于红色子像素和绿色子像素面积。此外，绿色发光材料效率最高，因此绿色子像素面积可以做成最小。
本实施例中，该像素结构可以形成RGBG或GRGB或BRGR的形式，所以使得显示面板显示的图像色彩更加丰满。
在本实施例中，相邻的第一子像素11和第二子像素12之间的 间距与相邻的第三子像素21和第四子像素22之间的间距相等；相邻的第一子像素11与第三子像素21之间的间距小于相邻的第二子像素12与第四子像素22之间的间距。
如图3所示，以相邻子像素最靠近的两点之间的连线作为子像素的间距，则第一子像素11、第二子像素12之间的间距d1与第三子像素21、第四子像素22之间的间距d2相等；进一步的，针对位于显示屏边缘的未构成完整的两个像素单元的子像素，例如：对于刚好具有三原色的三个子像素，第一子像素11和第三子像素21之间的间距d7与第一子像素11和第二子像素12之间的间距d1也可以相等，以简化像素结构的制备工艺。
另外，相邻的两个第二子像素12之间的间距d3和相邻的两个第四子像素22之间的间距d4相等、且小于相邻的两个第一子像素11之间的间距d5和相邻的两个第三子像素21之间的间距d6；相邻的第一子像素11与第三子像素21之间的间距d7小于相邻的第二子像素12与第四子像素22之间的间距d8。
这里应该理解的是，各子像素之间的间距可以根据需要灵活进行设计，以保证多个子像素形成的显示屏的精度。
在本实施例中，第一子像素11、第二子像素12、第三子像素21和第四子像素22的形状为具有对称轴的轴对称图形，该对称轴的延伸方向平行于子像素排列的行方向或列方向，因此，使得该像素结构中的每一像素单元形成了沿子像素图形的对称轴排列的结构。这样，例如在采用高精度金属掩模板FMM形成像素结构时，在工艺过程中通常会沿行方向或列方向对高精度金属掩模板FMM进行拉伸，由于子像素图形的对称轴沿行方或列方向排列，因此不会因高精度金属掩模板FMM的拉伸工艺导致子像素形状产生变形，从而能保证像素结构中各子像素的正确位置。
具体的，第一子像素11、第二子像素12、第三子像素21和第四子像素22的形状为圆形、三角形、四边形、五边形、六边形或八边形中的任意一种或多种的组合，如第一子像素11、第二子像素12、第三子像素21和第四子像素22可以均为四边形或八边形，或者第 一子像素11、第三子像素21为八边形，第二子像素12、第四子像素22为四边形，等等，可以根据实际设计需要而定。作为特例，上述子像素均为菱形或方形形状，且子像素形状的对称轴可以选用斜对角线，第一子像素11、第二子像素12、第三子像素21和第四子像素22沿子像素形状的斜对角线排列。
在实际应用中，可根据显示面板的应用场合或客户要求的显示效果等实际情况进行灵活设置。例如：各个子像素可以设计为如图2A或图2B所示的四边形，考虑显示面板布线以及掩模板(mask)制作工艺，各个子像素可以设计为八边形(例如将图2A或图2B中四边形的子像素切掉四个角而形成的八边形)。当然，还可以为其他形状，如六边形、圆形、三角形、五边形等等。
优选的是，第一子像素11和第三子像素21为四边形或八边形且第一子像素11和第三子像素21形状相同，第二子像素12和第四子像素22为四边形或八边形且第二子像素12和第四子像素22形状相同，这样便于掩模板(mask)的制作。
在此基础上，第一像素单元1和第二像素单元2包括有机发光二极管显示器件或液晶显示器件，即本实施例中的像素结构既适用于有机发光二极管显示器件，也适用于LCD显示器件，当然也可以用于其他具有像素结构的器件，如数码相机、等离子体显示器件等等。
第一子像素11、第二子像素12、第三子像素21和第四子像素22采用构图工艺形成，对于上述第一子像素11的面积与第三子像素21的面积相同且大于第二子像素12的面积的结构，第一子像素11和第三子像素21共用同一张掩模板并且在两次构图工艺中形成，而第二像素和第四子像素22用同一张掩模板并且在一次构图工艺中形成。当将第一子像素11和第三子像素21的面积设置为相同时，制备红色子像素和蓝色子像素时可以共用同一张掩模板，因此只需要将掩模板在行方向或列方向平行移动一行/列子像素的间距即可。
这里，构图工艺，可只包括光刻工艺，或包括光刻工艺以及刻蚀步骤，同时还可以包括打印、喷墨等其他用于形成预定图形的工 艺。光刻工艺，是指包括成膜、曝光、显影等工艺过程的利用光刻胶、掩模板、曝光机等形成图形的工艺。可根据本发明中所形成的结构选择相应的构图工艺。
此时，相比传统条形排列方式使用的高精度金属掩模板FMM，绿色子像素所使用的mask的开口间距增大。并且当用于有机发光二极管显示器件时，由于像素间距由行或列方向转移为对角线方向，使得子像素间距增大，有利于掩模板工艺。如图4A所示，其中图形区域设置为用于制备红色子像素所使用的掩模板的开口区域，其开口间距相比传统条形排列方式使用的FMM的开口间距要大很多；如图4B所示，其中图形区域设置为用于制备绿色子像素所使用的掩模板的开口区域，其开口间距相比传统条形排列方式使用的FMM的开口间距要大很多。这里应该理解的是，图4A和图4B中设置的纵横交叉的横线和竖线是为了便于观察各子像素对应的开口区域的位置和间距，在实际掩模板中并不存在。
可见，不管是红色子像素、蓝色子像素还是绿色子像素的掩模板的开口间距均有所增大，因此非常有利于FMM设计和有机层蒸镀工艺，更容易实现高分辨率。可见，相比现有技术中由三个子像素实现一个像素单元的像素结构，该像素结构可以大大简化制作工艺，FMM工艺更容易实现。
同时，由于本实施例的像素结构中，每一像素单元仅由两个子像素构成，而每一子像素均分别与一条数据线(与现有技术中相同，通过数据线接收像素信息)连接。即，第一像素单元1中的第一子像素11和第二子像素12分别与两条数据线(图2A和图2B中均未示出)连接，第二像素单元2中的第三子像素21和第四子像素22分别与两条数据线连接。因此，与现有技术相比，在具有相同的像素单元的情况下，本实施例中数据线的数量更少，从而降低了显示装置的功耗，提高了显示装置的开口率，也相应提高了显示装置中像素结构的亮度。
实施例2：
本实施例提供一种对应于实施例1中的像素结构的显示方法。该像素结构利用两个子像素形成一个像素单元，结合像素共用算法可以实现更高分辨率的像素显示。
在本实施例中，第一像素单元1借用至少一个相邻的第二像素单元2中的第三子像素21进行显示，以及第二像素单元2借用至少一个相邻的第一像素单元1中的第一子像素11进行显示，以使得第一像素单元1和第二像素单元2均能显示三种基础颜色的子像素的像素显示信息。
在显示时，第一像素单元1具有红色子像素和绿色子像素，其借用相邻第二像素单元2中的蓝色子像素，实现RGB三原色显示；同理，第二像素单元2具有蓝色子像素和绿色子像素，其借用相邻第一像素单元1中的红色子像素，实现RGB三原色显示。具体借用原则，如图5所示，每个像素单元可以借用其任一侧相邻像素单元中其缺失颜色的子像素，例如：借用其右侧或左侧相邻像素单元的子像素或借用其上方或下方相邻像素单元的子像素；同时，既可以同时借用多个子像素，也可以仅借用一个子像素，这些均不作限定。
在图像显示的过程中，首先，提供一个像素显示信息数据源，向每一第一像素单元1和第二像素单元2输入具有红绿蓝颜色信息的像素数据，该像素结构的显示方法包括以下步骤：
步骤S1：从像素显示信息数据源中获取与第一像素单元1中第一子像素11、第二子像素12的基础颜色对应的颜色的理论亮度值，以及获取与第二像素单元2中第三子像素21和第四子像素22的基础颜色对应的颜色的理论亮度值。
在该步骤中，根据显示面板驱动芯片的工作原理，将像素数据经分色、放大校正后得到三原色，再经过矩阵变换得到亮度信号，该亮度信号即对应三原色的颜色的理论亮度值。该部分处理可以采用现有技术中任何亮度分离的处理方式，因此这里不再详述。
步骤S2：计算得到第一子像素11、第二子像素12、第三子像素21和第四子像素22的实际亮度值。
简言之，以红色子像素的亮度值计算为例，第一像素单元1中 第一子像素11的实际亮度值为，该像素单元中所需显示的红色的理论亮度值和与其相邻行或列的至少一个第二像素单元2中所需显示的红色的理论亮度值加权处理得到。同理，第二像素单元2中第三子像素21的实际亮度值的计算方法类似。
具体的，在该步骤中，第二子像素12和第四子像素22的实际亮度值设置为与其基础颜色对应的颜色的理论亮度值；
第一子像素11的实际亮度值设置为第一像素单元1中所需的第一子像素11对应的基础颜色的理论亮度值与其相邻的至少一个第二像素单元2中所需的第一子像素11对应的基础颜色的理论亮度值的加权和；
第三子像素21的实际亮度值设置为第二像素单元2中所需的第三子像素21对应的基础颜色的理论亮度值与其相邻的至少一个第一像素单元1中所需的第三子像素21对应的基础颜色的理论亮度值的加权和。
例如：第一像素单元1借用N个相邻的第二像素单元2中的第三子像素21以显示该第一像素单元1缺失的基础颜色的子像素，以及第二像素单元2借用N个相邻的第一像素单元1中的第一子像素11以显示该第二像素单元2缺失的基础颜色的子像素，从而实现红绿蓝三原色显示。相应的，在该步骤中，第一子像素11和第三子像素21的理论亮度值的加权值均为1/N，其中：N≥1。这里应该理解的是，根据像素数据对应的图像的画面的整体效果(例如鲜艳或暗淡)，可以对加权值进行适当的调整，以获得较合适的加权和。
一种优选的简单的方式是，第一像素单元1借用一个相邻的第二像素单元2中的第三子像素21进行显示，以及第二像素单元2借用一个相邻的第一像素单元1中的第一子像素11进行显示；相应的，在该步骤中，第一子像素11和第三子像素21的理论亮度值的加权值均为1/2。
在本实施例中，实际子像素的最终实际亮度值为其所在像素单元中自身基础颜色的理论亮度值和其借用的相邻像素单元中的具有相同基础颜色的子像素的理论亮度值，与各自的加权值分别相乘得 到的乘积的和。例如，当其中一个像素单元借用两个相邻像素单元时，上述加权值和加权和的关系为，H＝Ax+By+Cz中，A、B、C分别为上述三个像素单元中具有相同基础颜色的子像素的加权值，其中，各加权值满足关系：A+B+C＝1；H为该基础颜色子像素的实际亮度值，即加权和。
以每个像素单元可以借用其右侧相邻像素单元中其缺失的基础颜色的子像素为例，由于每个红色子像素和每个蓝色子像素用于两个像素单元的显示，则其输入的数据信号为两个子像素信号的加权叠加，如以蓝色子像素为例，其输入信号为其所在的像素单元中蓝色子像素的信号与相邻第二像素单元2中正常显示所需要的蓝色子像素的信号二者之和，如可以为各占1/2。
步骤S3：向第一子像素11、第二子像素12、第三子像素21和第四子像素22输入实际亮度值，实现红绿蓝三原色显示，从而实现图像显示。
在该步骤中，向第一子像素11、第二子像素12、第三子像素21和第四子像素22输出步骤S2中得到的各子像素的实际亮度值，实现图像显示。
如实施例1中像素结构所示例的，每一子像素均分别与一条数据线连接，在该步骤中通过与第一子像素11、第二子像素12、第三子像素21和第四子像素22连接的数据线分别输出步骤S2中得到的各子像素的实际亮度值。当然，可以理解的是，在经过步骤S2计算得到的各子像素的实际亮度的基础上，可先通过一个处理单元或数据转换模块将对应一个像素单元中的三个基础颜色的理论亮度值转换为对应一个像素单元中两个子像素的实际亮度值，并通过两根数据线连接至一个像素单元中，具体的数据转换过程这里不再详述。
采用该像素结构的显示方法，利用仅包括两个子像素的像素单元，通过简单的像素共用算法，从而实现了具有两个子像素的像素单元实现三原色显示。
实施例3：
本实施例提供一种显示装置，该显示装置采用实施例1中的像素结构以及实施例2中的像素结构的显示方法。
该显示装置可以为：液晶面板、电子纸、OLED面板、手机、平板电脑、电视机、显示器、笔记本电脑、数码相框、导航仪等任何具有显示功能的产品或部件。
该显示装置由于其中的像素结构非常有利于有机层蒸镀工艺所以具有较高的良率；而且，该显示装置由于其中的像素结构具有更高的亮度和色彩均匀度因此具有较好的显示效果。
本发明提供的像素结构及其显示方法，通过像素排列方式的改进，提高了像素开口率，也相应的提高了像素结构的亮度，提高了像素分辨率；同时，设计了一种针对上述像素结构的显示方法，既能实现正常的图像显示，又能避免现有技术中像素排列方式导致的彩色边缘误差和颜色不均匀的现象，提高显示装置的显示效果，解决了现有技术中显示装置尤其是有机发光显示装置分辨率由于工艺问题难以提高的问题。
可以理解的是，以上实施方式仅仅是为了说明本发明的原理而采用的示例性实施方式，然而本发明并不局限于此。对于本领域内的普通技术人员而言，在不脱离本发明的精神和实质的情况下，可以做出各种变型和改进，这些变型和改进也视为本发明的保护范围。

Claims (23)

  1. 一种像素结构，包括依次交错排列的第一像素单元和第二像素单元，其中，所述第一像素单元包括呈斜线排列的第一子像素和第二子像素，所述第二像素单元包括呈斜线排列的第三子像素和第四子像素，且所述第一子像素与所述第三子像素具有不同的基础颜色，所述第二子像素与所述第四子像素具有相同的基础颜色。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的像素结构，其中，所述第一像素单元和所述第二像素单元在行方向和列方向上交替排列，且相邻行的第一像素单元和相邻行的第二像素单元在行方向上的排列均错开一个像素单元的位置；相邻列的第一像素单元和相邻列的第二像素单元在列方向上的排列均错开一个像素单元的位置。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的像素结构，其中，所述第一像素单元中的所述第一子像素和所述第二子像素设置在相邻的两行子像素和相邻的两列子像素中，所述第二像素单元中的所述第三子像素和所述第四子像素设置在相邻的两行子像素和相邻的两列子像素中，使得所述第一子像素和所述第三子像素在行方向或列方向上分别依次交替排列，所述第二子像素和所述第四子像素在行方向或列方向上依次交替排列。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的像素结构，其中，所述第一子像素和所述第三子像素交替设置于奇数行奇数列，所述第二子像素和第四子像素交替设置于偶数行偶数列；
    或者，
    所述第一子像素和所述第三子像素交替设置于奇数行偶数列，所述第二子像素和第四子像素交替设置于偶数行奇数列；
    或者，
    所述第一子像素和所述第三子像素交替设置于偶数行奇数列，所述第二子像素和第四子像素交替设置于奇数行偶数列；
    或者，
    所述第一子像素和所述第三子像素交替设置于偶数行偶数列，所述第二子像素和第四子像素交替设置于奇数行奇数列。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的像素结构，其中，处于同一行或同一列的所述第一子像素和所述第三子像素的中心位于同一直线上，处于同一行或同一列的所述第二子像素和所述第四子像素的中心位于同一直线上。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的像素结构，其中，所述第一子像素、所述第二子像素、所述第三子像素和所述第四子像素均匀排布。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的像素结构，其中，
    在同一列中，所述第一子像素的中心位于与所述第一子像素相邻的两个所述第三子像素的中心连线的中线上；以及
    在同一行中，所述第一子像素的中心位于与所述第一子像素相邻的两个所述第三子像素的中心连线的中线上。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的像素结构，其中，
    在同一列中，所述第三子像素的中心位于与所述第三子像素相邻的两个所述第一子像素的中心连线的中线上；以及
    在同一行中，所述第三子像素的中心位于与所述第三子像素相邻的两个所述第一子像素的中心连线的中线上。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的像素结构，其中，所述第二子像素或所述第四子像素位于所述第一子像素或所述第三子像素的斜向45度的方向上。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的像素结构，其中，所述第二子像素和所述第四子像素的面积相同，所述第一子像素的面积与所述第三子像素的面积相同且大于所述第二子像素的面积；或者，所述第二子像素和所述第四子像素的面积相同，所述第三子像素的面积大于所述第一子像素的面积，所述第一子像素的面积大于所述第二子像素的面积。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的像素结构，其中，相邻的所述第一子像素和所述第二子像素之间的间距与相邻的所述第三子像素和所述第四子像素之间的间距相等；相邻的所述第一子像素与所述第三子像素之间的间距小于相邻的所述第二子像素与所述第四子像素之间的间距。
  12. 根据权利要求1-11任一项所述的像素结构，其中，基础颜色包括红色、绿色和蓝色，所述第一子像素的基础颜色为红色，所述第三子像素的基础颜色为蓝色，所述第二子像素和所述第四子像素的基础颜色为绿色。
  13. 根据权利要求1-11任一项所述的像素结构，其中，所述第一子像素、所述第二子像素、所述第三子像素和所述第四子像素的形状为具有对称轴的轴对称图形，该对称轴的延伸方向平行于行方向或列方向。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的像素结构，其中，所述第一子像素、所述第二子像素、所述第三子像素和所述第四子像素的形状为圆形、三角形、四边形、五边形、六边形或八边形中的任意一种或多种的组合。
  15. 根据权利要求13所述的像素结构，其中，所述第一子像素和所述第三子像素为四边形或八边形且所述第一子像素和所述第三 子像素形状相同，所述第二子像素和所述第四子像素为四边形或八边形且所述第二子像素和所述第四子像素形状相同。
  16. 根据权利要求1-11任一项所述的像素结构，其中，所述第一像素单元中的所述第一子像素和所述第二子像素分别与两条数据线连接，所述第二像素单元中的所述第三子像素和所述第四子像素分别与两条数据线连接，所述数据线用于接收像素显示信息。
  17. 一种根据权利要求1-16任一项所述的像素结构的显示方法，其中，所述第一像素单元借用至少一个相邻的所述第二像素单元中的所述第三子像素进行显示，以及所述第二像素单元借用至少一个相邻的所述第一像素单元中的所述第一子像素进行显示，以使得所述第一像素单元和第二像素单元均能显示三种基础颜色的子像素的像素显示信息。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的像素结构的显示方法，包括以下步骤：
    步骤S1：从像素显示信息数据源中获取与所述第一像素单元中所述第一子像素、所述第二子像素的基础颜色对应的颜色的理论亮度值，以及获取与所述第二像素单元中所述第三子像素和所述第四子像素的基础颜色对应的颜色的理论亮度值；
    步骤S2：计算得到所述第一子像素、所述第二子像素、所述第三子像素和第四子像素的实际亮度值；以及
    步骤S3：向所述第一子像素、所述第二子像素、所述第三子像素和第四子像素输入实际亮度值，从而实现图像显示。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的像素结构的显示方法，其中，在步骤S2中，所述第二子像素和所述第四子像素的实际亮度值设置为与其基础颜色对应的颜色的理论亮度值；
    所述第一子像素的实际亮度值设置为，所述第一像素单元中所 需的所述第一子像素对应的基础颜色的理论亮度值与其相邻的至少一个所述第二像素单元中所需的与所述第一子像素对应的基础颜色的理论亮度值的加权和；
    所述第三子像素的实际亮度值设置为，所述第二像素单元中所需的所述第三子像素对应的基础颜色的理论亮度值与其相邻的至少一个所述第一像素单元中所需的与所述第三子像素对应的基础颜色的理论亮度值的加权和。
  20. 根据权利要求19所述的像素结构的显示方法，其中，所述第一像素单元借用N个相邻的所述第二像素单元中的所述第三子像素进行显示，以及所述第二像素单元借用N个相邻的所述第一像素单元中的所述第一子像素进行显示；相应的，在步骤S2中，所述第一子像素和所述第三子像素的理论亮度值的加权值均为1/N，其中：N≥1。
  21. 根据权利要求20所述的像素结构的显示方法，其中，所述第一像素单元借用一个相邻的所述第二像素单元中的所述第三子像素进行显示，以及所述第二像素单元借用一个相邻的所述第一像素单元中的所述第一子像素进行显示；相应的，在步骤S2中，所述第一子像素和所述第三子像素的理论亮度值的加权值均为1/2。
  22. 一种显示装置，包括权利要求1-16任一项所述的像素结构。
  23. 根据权利要求22所述的显示装置，其中，所述显示装置为有机发光二极管显示装置或液晶显示装置。
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