WO2016038948A1 - Unité de filtration - Google Patents

Unité de filtration Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016038948A1
WO2016038948A1 PCT/JP2015/066118 JP2015066118W WO2016038948A1 WO 2016038948 A1 WO2016038948 A1 WO 2016038948A1 JP 2015066118 W JP2015066118 W JP 2015066118W WO 2016038948 A1 WO2016038948 A1 WO 2016038948A1
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Prior art keywords
particles
filtration
cleaning
filtration unit
average particle
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PCT/JP2015/066118
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
柏原　秀樹
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住友電気工業株式会社
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Priority to JP2015551926A priority Critical patent/JPWO2016038948A1/ja
Publication of WO2016038948A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016038948A1/fr

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D24/00—Filters comprising loose filtering material, i.e. filtering material without any binder between the individual particles or fibres thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D24/00—Filters comprising loose filtering material, i.e. filtering material without any binder between the individual particles or fibres thereof
    • B01D24/02—Filters comprising loose filtering material, i.e. filtering material without any binder between the individual particles or fibres thereof with the filter bed stationary during the filtration
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D24/00—Filters comprising loose filtering material, i.e. filtering material without any binder between the individual particles or fibres thereof
    • B01D24/46—Regenerating the filtering material in the filter

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a filtration unit.
  • a filtration unit containing filtration particles is used as a method for separating and removing oil and turbidity at a low cost.
  • oil and turbidity are filtered by a filtration layer formed by enclosed filtration particles.
  • the filtration unit of the above publication can improve the cleaning performance of the filtration particles, since the agitator is provided, the structure is complicated and the apparatus is inevitably increased in size.
  • This invention is made
  • a filtration unit which has been made to solve the above-described problem, is a filtration unit that is disposed in a downward flow filtration tower and is partitioned by a water-permeable partition plate at the bottom. Filtration particles and washing particles, and the washing particles have a larger average particle size and average specific gravity than the filtration particles.
  • the filtration particle washing method is a filtration unit that is disposed in a downward flow filtration tower and is partitioned by a water-permeable partition plate at the bottom.
  • the filtration unit according to one embodiment of the present invention has a simple structure and is excellent in the cleaning performance of the filtration particles. Moreover, the washing
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a downward flow filtration tower including a filtration unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • a filtration unit is a filtration unit that is disposed in a downward flow-type filtration tower and that is partitioned by a water-permeable partition plate at the lower side. And the cleaning particles have a larger average particle size and average specific gravity than the filtering particles.
  • the filtration unit is filled with filtration particles and washing particles, so that large and heavy washing particles rise during backwashing and loosen a layer of filtration particles solidified by oil or turbidity, leaving gaps between the filtration particles. Free. Accordingly, the filtered particles can be efficiently exposed to the cleaning water, and the cleaning of the filtering particles is promoted by the rising of the filtering particles and colliding with other filtering particles or cleaning particles. Thus, the said filtration unit is excellent in the washing
  • the average particle size and average specific gravity of the cleaning particles are larger than that of the filtered particles, a layer of cleaning particles is formed on the lower side due to the difference in sedimentation speed, and a layer of filtered particles that does not contain much cleaning particles is formed on the upper side. Therefore, the removal of turbidity in the liquid to be treated is not hindered by the filtered particle layer.
  • the ratio of the average specific gravity of the cleaning particles to the average specific gravity of the filtered particles is preferably from 1.2 to 10.
  • the ratio of the average specific gravity of the cleaning particles to the average specific gravity of the filtered particles is within the above range, so that the cleaning efficiency at the time of backwashing can be further improved, and the layer of the filtered particles after the backwashing and the cleaning particles Thus, the filtration efficiency can be further improved.
  • the ratio of the average particle size of the cleaning particles to the average particle size of the filtration particles is preferably 1.2 or more and 10 or less.
  • the ratio of the average particle size of the cleaning particles to the average particle size of the filtered particles is within the above range, so that the cleaning efficiency at the time of backwashing can be further improved, and the filtering particles enter the gaps between the cleaning particles. It is difficult to form a layer of filtered particles more reliably.
  • the mixing volume ratio of the cleaning particles to the filtration particles is preferably 0.1 or more and 1.0 or less.
  • the volumetric efficiency of the said filtration unit can be raised.
  • the filtration particles have glass or polymer as a main component and the cleaning particles have glass, ceramics, metal or polymer as a main component.
  • the main component of the filtration particles is glass or polymer and the main component of the cleaning particles is glass, ceramics, metal, or polymer, both cleaning efficiency and filtration efficiency can be enhanced.
  • the filtration unit according to one embodiment of the present invention has a simple structure and is excellent in the cleaning performance of the filtration particles. For this reason, the said filtration unit can be used conveniently in order to purify the to-be-processed liquid containing an oil component and a turbidity.
  • the method for washing filtered particles is a method for washing filtered particles that are disposed in a downward flow filtration tower and filled in a filtration unit that is partitioned by a water-permeable partition plate below.
  • the filtration particle cleaning method is to fill the filtration unit with a particle having a larger average particle diameter and average specific gravity than the filtration particle, thereby forming a layer of the filtration particle on the layer formed by the precipitation of the washing particle first. Form and filter. And by letting the washing water flow upward through the partition plate to the filtration unit, the washing particles are remarkablyd to loosen the layer of filtration particles solidified by oil and turbidity, and to make a gap between the filtration particles. Cleaning of the filtered particles can be facilitated.
  • the “average particle diameter” is a sieve defined in JIS-Z8801-1 (2006), and sieved in order from a sieve having a large mesh size, and the mass ratio of particles passing through the mesh is measured. It means a value (d50) at which the integrated mass becomes 50% in the particle size distribution created with the nominal aperture as the particle size.
  • Average specific gravity is a value measured in accordance with JIS-Z8807 (2012).
  • the “turbidity” means a suspended substance excluding oil.
  • the “oil” and “turbidity” do not have to be separated, and an emulsion may be formed.
  • the “metal” includes a metal compound.
  • [Downward flow filtration tower] 1 is an apparatus for filtering the liquid to be treated.
  • the liquid to be treated to be filtered by the downflow type filtration tower typically includes petroleum-associated water containing oil and turbidity.
  • the turbidity includes, for example, particles such as sand, silica and calcium carbonate, iron powder, microorganisms, and wood chips.
  • the downflow type filtration tower is erected so that the central axis substantially coincides with the vertical direction, and the cylindrical main body 1 having a top plate portion and a bottom plate portion are spaced apart from each other inside the cylindrical main body 1.
  • Three filtration units (first filtration unit 2a, second filtration unit 2b, and third filtration unit 2c) according to an embodiment of the present invention that are arranged side by side are arranged at the upper end of the cylindrical main body 1.
  • the liquid to be processed is supplied to the cylindrical main body 1 and the liquid to be processed is supplied to the lower end of the cylindrical main body 1.
  • the processed liquid obtained by filtering the liquid to be processed is discharged from the cylindrical main body 1. And a treated liquid discharge flow path 4.
  • a space is also formed in the cylindrical main body 1 above the first filtration unit 2a on the most upstream side and below the third filtration unit 2c on the most downstream side. Further, the downward flow filtration tower includes a cleaning water supply device (not shown) for supplying cleaning water to the treated liquid discharge flow path 4.
  • the cylindrical main body 1 is formed of metal or resin so as to have a strength that can withstand the pressure of the liquid that is inserted into the cylindrical main body 1.
  • a material for forming the cylindrical body stainless steel or acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer (ABS resin) is particularly preferable from the viewpoint of strength, heat resistance, chemical resistance, and the like.
  • ABS resin acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer
  • the cylindrical main body 1 may be provided with a reinforcing member or a leg member for self-standing on the outside.
  • the planar shape of the cylindrical main body 1 is not particularly limited, and may be any shape such as a circle, an ellipse, a rectangle, etc., but it is easy to form a uniform liquid flow. From the viewpoint of preventing clogging and staying of cleaning particles and oil and turbidity, a shape without corners is preferable, and a circular shape is typically used. Moreover, making the planar shape of the cylindrical main body 1 without a corner has an advantage that the strength of the cylindrical main body 1 is easily obtained and the design is easy.
  • the top plate portion in which the liquid supply flow path 3 to be processed and the bottom plate portion in which the processed liquid discharge flow path 4 are disposed may be flat plates, but pressure resistance is obtained. It is preferable to use a mirror-plate shape.
  • the size of the cylindrical main body 1 is not particularly limited, and is selected according to the flow rate of water to be treated to be treated.
  • the average cross-sectional area of the cylindrical main body 1 can be, for example, 0.1 m 2 or more 10 m 2 or less.
  • the height of the cylindrical main body 1 it can be set to 0.5 m or more and 10 m or less, for example.
  • the first filtration unit 2a is partitioned by a first lower partition plate 5a that allows water to pass through the lower side, and is partitioned by a first upper partition plate 6a that allows water to pass through the first filtration unit 2a.
  • the first cleaning particles 8a having a larger average particle diameter and average specific gravity than the first filtration particles 7a are packed.
  • the 1st filtration unit 2a has the 1st space 9a above the 1st filtration particle
  • the second filtration unit 2b is partitioned by a second lower partition plate 5b that allows water to flow through the lower side, and partitioned by a second upper partition plate 6b that allows water to flow through the upper side. 7b and second cleaning particles 8b having a larger average particle diameter and average specific gravity than the second filtration particles 7b are packed. Moreover, the 2nd filtration unit 2b has the 2nd space 9b above the 2nd filtration particle 7b and the 2nd washing
  • the third filtration unit 2c is partitioned by a third lower partition plate 5c that allows water to flow through the lower side, and is partitioned by a third upper partition plate 6c that allows water to flow through the upper side.
  • third cleaning particles 8c having a larger average particle diameter and average specific gravity than the third filtration particles 7c.
  • the 3rd filtration unit 2c has the 3rd space 9c above the 3rd filtration particle 7c and the 3rd washing
  • the “filtration unit” refers to a unit structure having a structure for performing filtration, and does not necessarily mean a separable structure.
  • the side walls of the filtration units 2 a, 2 b, and 2 c are integrated with the side wall of the cylindrical main body 1.
  • the lower partition plates 5a, 5b, 5c and the upper partition plates 6a, 6b, 6c are formed of plate-like members that allow water to pass therethrough and not allow the filtered particles 7a, 7b, 7c and the cleaning particles 8a, 8b, 8c to pass therethrough. Is done. These lower partition plates 5a, 5b, 5c and upper partition plates 6a, 6b, 6c seal the filtration particles 9a, 9b, 9c and the cleaning particles 8a, 8b, 8c inside the filtration units 2a, 2b, 2c. Fulfills the function of
  • the lower partition plates 5a, 5b, and 5c and the upper partition plates 6a, 6b, and 6c include, for example, a porous plate having a large porosity, a plate in which many small holes are formed, a wire mesh, and the like. Can be mentioned.
  • the lower partition plates 5a, 5b, 5c and the upper partition plates 6a, 6b, 6c are a support member having a large mesh and a net-like, woven or non-woven fabric arranged so as to cover the eyes of the support member. It may consist of a combination with these members.
  • the material of the lower partition plates 5a, 5b, 5c and the upper partition plates 6a, 6b, 6c is not particularly limited, and metal, synthetic resin, or the like can be used.
  • metal it is preferable to use corrosion-resistant stainless steel (for example, SUS316L) from the viewpoint of corrosion prevention.
  • a support member such as a reinforcing wire in combination so that the opening is not changed by the water pressure or the weight of the particles.
  • a wire mesh it is preferable to use a mesh made of a wire material having excellent strength and heat resistance, such as stainless steel wire, Kevlar fiber, carbon fiber and the like.
  • the nominal mesh openings of the wire mesh are the corresponding filtration particles 7a, 7b, 7c and cleaning particles 8a, 8b, It is preferably designed to be less than the minimum diameter of 8c. Moreover, when the minimum diameter of the filtration particles 7a, 7b, 7c or the cleaning particles 8a, 8b, 8c is very small, if the opening of the wire mesh is made smaller than that, the differential pressure may become too large.
  • the nominal mesh opening of the wire mesh is not more than a value obtained by subtracting the standard deviation of the particle diameters of the corresponding filtration particles 7a, 7b, 7c from the average particle diameter of the corresponding filtration particles 7a, 7b, 7c. .
  • the filtration particles 7a, 7b, and 7c are filter media that form a layer for filtering the water to be treated.
  • known filtration particles can be used.
  • natural sand, inorganic particles, glass, ceramics, polymers (polymer compounds), natural organic materials and the like are the main components. Particles can be used.
  • the filtration particles 7a, 7b, and 7c have glass or a polymer as a main component.
  • the cost of the filtration units 2a, 2b, and 2c can be reduced.
  • the cost and weight of the said filtration units 2a, 2b, 2c can be reduced by making the filtration particle
  • grains 7a, 7b, 7c can be made small by using a polymer, the washing
  • glass beads are used as the filtration particles 7a, 7b, and 7c, oil and turbidity are easily peeled off from the surfaces of the filtration particles 7a, 7b, and 7c. Can be improved.
  • Examples of the glass that is the main component of the filtration particles 7a, 7b, and 7c include soda lime glass, titanium barium glass, lead glass, and borosilicate glass. Of these, soda-lime glass, which is widely available on a relatively inexpensive basis, is preferably used.
  • Examples of the polymer that is the main component of the filtration particles 7a, 7b, and 7c include fluororesin, vinyl resin, polyolefin, polyurethane, epoxy resin, polyester, polyamide, polyimide, melamine resin, and polycarbonate.
  • fluororesin, vinyl resin, a polyurethane, an epoxy resin, and an acrylic resin excellent in water resistance and oil resistance are preferable, and a fluororesin excellent in corrosion resistance and a polyolefin excellent in adsorptivity are more preferable.
  • polypropylene that is particularly excellent in oil adsorption capacity is preferable.
  • the fluororesin is excellent in strength, heat resistance, and chemical resistance, and has a relatively large specific gravity, so that it has a merit that it can settle quickly after washing and can be quickly filtered.
  • grains 7a, 7b, 7c may differ for every filtration unit, and may contain multiple types of particle
  • examples of the natural sand include anthracite, garnet, manganese sand, and the like, and these can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
  • the ceramic for example, ceramic particles mainly composed of silica, alumina, glass or the like can be used.
  • the natural organic material a natural organic material having a particle size adjusted by sieving can be used, and examples thereof include natural fibers such as walnut shell, sawdust and hemp.
  • the shape of the filtration particles 7a, 7b, and 7c is not particularly limited, and may be any shape such as a spherical shape or a column shape.
  • the filtration particles 7a, 7b, and 7c can be densely deposited, and the filtration efficiency is improved and the filtration particles 7a in a steady state. , 7b, 7c can be prevented.
  • the lower limit of the average specific gravity of the filtered particles 7a, 7b, 7c is preferably 0.8, more preferably 1.1, and even more preferably 1.4.
  • the upper limit of the average specific gravity of the filtration particles 7a, 7b, 7c is preferably 5, more preferably 3, and even more preferably 2.
  • the average specific gravity of the filtration particles 7a, 7b, 7c exceeds the above upper limit, the layer of the filtration particles 7a, 7b, 7c cannot be fluidized during backwashing, and the cleaning effect may not be improved.
  • grains 7a, 7b, 7c may differ for every filtration unit.
  • the lower limit of the uniformity coefficient of the filtration particles 7a, 7b, 7c is preferably 1.1, and more preferably 1.3.
  • the upper limit of the uniformity coefficient of the filtration particles 7a, 7b, and 7c is preferably 1.8, and more preferably 1.6.
  • the uniformity coefficient of the filtration particles 7a, 7b, and 7c is less than the lower limit, the variation in the particle diameter of the filtration particles 7a, 7b, and 7c may be too small to be densely deposited.
  • the “equality coefficient” is a sieve defined in JIS-Z8801-1 (2006), which is sieved in order from the sieve with the largest mesh, and the mass ratio of particles passing through the mesh is measured. This is a value obtained by dividing the value (d60) at which the accumulated mass is 60% in the particle size distribution created with the opening as the particle size by the value (d10) at which the accumulated mass is 10%.
  • the average particle diameter of the filtration particles 7a, 7b, 7c is larger as the filtration units 2a, 2b, 2c on the upstream side. That is, the average particle diameter of the second filtered particles 7b is smaller than the average particle diameter of the first filtered particles 7a, and the average particle diameter of the third filtered particles 7c is smaller than the average particle diameter of the second filtered particles 7b.
  • the lower limit of the average particle diameter of the first filtration particles 7a on the most upstream side is preferably 700 ⁇ m, more preferably 800 ⁇ m, and even more preferably 1000 ⁇ m.
  • the upper limit of the average particle diameter of the first filtration particles 7a is preferably 3000 ⁇ m, more preferably 2000 ⁇ m, and further preferably 1500 ⁇ m.
  • the average particle diameter of the first filtration particles 7a is less than the lower limit, the density of the layer formed by the first filtration particles 7a in the first filtration unit 2a is large and the gap is small. There is a concern that the pressure loss of 2a may increase and the frequency of clogging of the first filtration unit 2a may increase.
  • the average particle diameter of the 1st filtration particle 7a exceeds the said upper limit, the clearance gap between the 1st filtration particles 7a becomes large, and there exists a possibility that an oil component and turbidity cannot fully be removed.
  • the lower limit of the average particle size of the second filtration particles 7b is preferably 300 ⁇ m, more preferably 350 ⁇ m, and even more preferably 400 ⁇ m.
  • the upper limit of the average particle diameter of the second filtration particles 7b is preferably 1000 ⁇ m, more preferably 800 ⁇ m, and even more preferably 700 ⁇ m.
  • the average particle diameter of the second filtration particle 7b is less than the lower limit, the pressure loss of the second filtration unit 2b may increase, or the frequency of clogging of the second filtration unit 2b may increase.
  • the average particle diameter of the second filtration particles 7b exceeds the upper limit, the frequency of clogging of the third filtration unit 2c on the downstream side may increase.
  • the lower limit of the average particle diameter of the third filtration particles 7c on the most downstream side is preferably 5 ⁇ m, more preferably 10 ⁇ m, and further preferably 20 ⁇ m.
  • the upper limit of the average particle size of the third filtered particles 7c is preferably 400 ⁇ m, more preferably 350 ⁇ m, and even more preferably 300 ⁇ m. If the average particle size of the third filtration particles 7c is less than the lower limit, the pressure loss of the third filtration unit 2c may increase, and the cost and weight may increase. On the contrary, when the average particle diameter of the 3rd filtration particle 7c exceeds the said upper limit, there exists a possibility that a downward flow type filtration tower cannot remove a fine oil droplet and turbidity.
  • the average thickness of the layer formed by the first filtration particles 7a on the most upstream side in the steady state is not particularly limited, but may be, for example, 3 cm or more and 1 m or less. Although it does not specifically limit as average thickness of the layer which the 2nd filtration particle 7b forms in a steady state, For example, it can be 2 cm or more and 80 cm or less. In addition, the average thickness of the layer formed by the most downstream third filtration particle 7c in the steady state is not particularly limited, but may be, for example, 1 cm or more and 50 cm or less.
  • the cleaning particles 8a, 8b, and 8c rise at the time of backwashing and loosen the layer of the filtration particles 7a, 7b, and 7c solidified by oil and turbidity to form a gap, thereby cleaning the filtering particles 7a, 7b, and 7c. Promote.
  • the cleaning particles 8a, 8b, and 8c particles mainly composed of natural sand, glass, inorganic particles, ceramics, metals (including metal compounds), polymers, natural organic materials, and the like can be used. Particles mainly composed of ceramics, metals or polymers are preferred. Since the main component of the cleaning particles 8a, 8b, and 8c is glass, ceramics, metal, or polymer, the ratio of specific gravity with respect to the filtering particles 7a, 7b, and 7c can be easily optimized, and the cleaning of the filtering particles 7a, 7b, and 7c can be easily performed. Easy to get effect.
  • the use of glass beads as the cleaning particles 8a, 8b, and 8c makes it easy to remove oil and turbidity from the surfaces of the cleaning particles 8a, 8b, and 8c. Can be improved.
  • the material of the cleaning particles 8a, 8b, and 8c may be different for each filtration unit, and may include a plurality of types of particles.
  • Examples of the glass that is the main component of the cleaning particles 8a, 8b, and 8c include soda lime glass, titanium barium glass, lead glass, and borosilicate glass. Among them, the ratio of specific gravity with respect to the filtration particles 7a, 7b, 7c can be optimized when soda-lime glass whose particulate products are widely marketed relatively inexpensively or when glass beads are used as the filtration particles 7a, 7b, 7c. Titanium barium-based glass is preferably used.
  • Ceramics that are the main components of the cleaning particles 8a, 8b, and 8c include those containing glass, silica, alumina, and the like as main components.
  • Examples of the metal that is the main component of the cleaning particles 8a, 8b, and 8c include iron oxide having excellent rust resistance.
  • Examples of the polymer that is the main component of the cleaning particles 8a, 8b, and 8c include fluororesin, vinyl resin, polyolefin, polyurethane, epoxy resin, polyester, polyamide, polyimide, melamine resin, and polycarbonate.
  • fluororesin, vinyl resin, a polyurethane, an epoxy resin, and an acrylic resin that are excellent in water resistance and oil resistance are preferable, and a fluororesin that is excellent in corrosion resistance is more preferable.
  • examples of natural sand that is the main component of the cleaning particles 8a, 8b, and 8c include anthracite, garnet, and manganese sand.
  • a natural organic material having a particle size adjusted by sieving can be used as the natural organic material which is the main component of the cleaning particles 8a, 8b and 8c.
  • the shape of the cleaning particles 8a, 8b, and 8c is not particularly limited, and may be any shape such as a spherical shape or a column shape.
  • irregularly pulverized particles as the cleaning particles 8a, 8b, and 8c, it is possible to further promote the cleaning effect of the filtered particles during backwashing.
  • the lower limit of the average specific gravity of the cleaning particles 8a, 8b, 8c is preferably 1.3 and more preferably 1.6.
  • the upper limit of the average specific gravity of the cleaning particles 8a, 8b, 8c is preferably 15, and more preferably 10.
  • the cleaning particles 8a, 8b, and 8c may not settle before the filtering particles 7a, 7b, and 7c, and the layers of the filtering particles 7a, 7b, and 7c may not be formed.
  • the average specific gravity of the cleaning particles 8a, 8b, 8c exceeds the upper limit, the layer of the cleaning particles 8a, 8b, 8c cannot be fluidized at the time of backwashing, and the filtration particles 7a, 7b, 7c are washed. The effect may not be promoted.
  • the average specific gravity of the cleaning particles 8a, 8b, 8c may be different for each filtration unit.
  • the first cleaning particles 8a have an average specific gravity larger than that of the first filtered particles 7a
  • the second cleaning particles 8b have an average specific gravity larger than that of the second filtered particles 7b
  • the third cleaning particles 8c have an average higher than that of the third filtered particles 7c.
  • High specific gravity The ratio of the average specific gravity of the first cleaning particles 8a to the average specific gravity of the first filtered particles 7a, the ratio of the average specific gravity of the second cleaning particles 8b to the average specific gravity of the second filtered particles 7b, and the average specific gravity of the third cleaning particles 8c.
  • 1.2 is preferred
  • 1.5 is more preferred
  • 2.0 is still more preferred.
  • the upper limit of the ratio of the average specific gravity is preferably 10, and more preferably 8.
  • the ratio of the average specific gravity is less than the lower limit, the cleaning particles 8a, 8b, and 8c do not settle before the filtered particles 7a, 7b, and 7c, and the layer of the filtered particles 7a, 7b, and 7c may not be formed.
  • the ratio of the average specific gravity exceeds the upper limit, the layer of the filtration particles 7a, 7b, and 7c and the layer of the washing particles 8a, 8b, and 8c cannot be fluidized at the time of backwashing. There is a possibility that the cleaning effect of the particles 7a, 7b, 7c cannot be promoted.
  • the first cleaning particles 8a have a larger average particle size than the first filtration particles 7a
  • the second cleaning particles 8b have a larger average particle size than the second filtration particles 7b
  • the third cleaning particles 8c have a larger particle size than the third filtration particles 7c.
  • the lower limit of the ratio of the average particle diameter to the average particle diameter of the third filtered particles 7c is preferably 1.2, more preferably 1.4, and even more preferably 1.5.
  • the upper limit of the ratio of the average particle diameter is preferably 10, and more preferably 8.
  • the ratio of the average particle diameter is less than the lower limit, the collision energy of the cleaning particles 8a, 8b, and 8c against the filtration particles 7a, 7b, and 7c is small, and the layers of the filtration particles 7a, 7b, and 7c may not be broken.
  • the cleaning particles 8a, 8b, and 8c may not settle before the filtered particles 7a, 7b, and 7c, and the layer of the filtered particles 7a, 7b, and 7c may not be formed.
  • the ratio of the average particle diameters exceeds the upper limit, the filtration particles 7a, 7b, 7c may enter the gaps between the cleaning particles 8a, 8b, 8c and may not form a sufficiently thick filtration layer. .
  • the lower limit of the average particle diameter of the first cleaning particles 8a on the most upstream side is preferably 800 ⁇ m, more preferably 1000 ⁇ m, and further preferably 1200 ⁇ m.
  • the upper limit of the average particle diameter of the first cleaning particles 8a is preferably 5000 ⁇ m, more preferably 3000 ⁇ m, and further preferably 2000 ⁇ m.
  • the average particle diameter of the first cleaning particles 8a is less than the lower limit, the density of the layer formed by the first cleaning particles 8a is large, and the pressure loss may increase.
  • the average particle size of the first cleaning particles 8a exceeds the above upper limit, the first filtration particles 7a may enter the gaps between the first cleaning particles 8a, and the layer of the first filtration particles 7a may not be efficiently formed. is there.
  • the lower limit of the average particle size of the second cleaning particles 8b is preferably 500 ⁇ m, more preferably 600 ⁇ m, and even more preferably 800 ⁇ m.
  • the upper limit of the average particle size of the second cleaning particles 8b is preferably 4000 ⁇ m, more preferably 3000 ⁇ m, and further preferably 1800 ⁇ m. If the average particle size of the second cleaning particles 8b is less than the lower limit, the density of the layer formed by the second cleaning particles 8b may be large and the pressure loss may increase. Conversely, when the average particle size of the second cleaning particles 8b exceeds the above upper limit, the second filtration particles 7b may enter the gaps between the second cleaning particles 8b, and the layer of the second filtration particles 7b may not be formed efficiently. is there.
  • the lower limit of the average particle size of the third cleaning particles 8c on the most downstream side is preferably 10 ⁇ m, more preferably 30 ⁇ m, and even more preferably 100 ⁇ m.
  • the upper limit of the average particle size of the third cleaning particles 8c is preferably 3000 ⁇ m, more preferably 2000 ⁇ m, and further preferably 1500 ⁇ m.
  • the average particle size of the third cleaning particles 8c is less than the lower limit, the density of the layer formed by the third cleaning particles 8c is large, and the pressure loss may be increased.
  • the third filtration particles 7c may enter the gaps between the third cleaning particles 8c, and the third filtration particle 7c layer may not be formed efficiently. is there.
  • the mixing volume ratio of the first cleaning particles 8a to the first filtration particles 7a in the first filtration unit 2a, the mixing volume ratio of the second cleaning particles 8b to the second filtration particles 7b in the second filtration unit 2b, and the third filtration unit 2c As the lower limit of the mixing volume ratio of the third cleaning particles 8c to the third filtration particles 7c in FIG. 1, 0.1 is preferable, and 0.2 is more preferable. On the other hand, the upper limit of the volume ratio is preferably 1, and more preferably 0.5. When the said mixing
  • the average height inside the filtration units 2a, 2b, 2c (lower partition plates 5a, 5b, 5c and upper partition plates 6a, 6b, 6c and 30%) is preferable, and 50% is more preferable.
  • the upper limit of the average height of the spaces 9a, 9b, 9c is preferably 80% of the average height inside the filtration units 2a, 2b, 2c, more preferably 70%.
  • the filtration particles 7a, 7b, and 7c and the washing particles 8a, 8b, and 8c cannot move sufficiently during backwashing, and the filtration particles 7a, 7b, and 7c. There is a possibility that the cleaning effect of the material cannot be sufficiently promoted.
  • the average height of the spaces 9a, 9b, 9c exceeds the above upper limit, the space becomes too large and the frequency with which the filtered particles 7a, 7b, 7c and the cleaning particles 8a, 8b, 8c come into contact during backwashing is small. As a result, the cleaning effect of the filtration particles 7a, 7b, 7c may not be sufficiently promoted.
  • the water treatment method using the downward flow filtration tower in FIG. 1 includes a filtration step of filtering the liquid to be treated in the filtration units 2a, 2b, and 2c, and filtration particles 7a and 7b of the filtration units 2a, 2b, and 2c. , 7c and a filtration layer forming step of forming layers of filtration particles 7a, 7b, 7c in the filtration units 2a, 2b, 2c are repeated.
  • the liquid to be processed is supplied from the liquid supply path 3 to be processed, and the processed liquid obtained by filtering the liquid to be processed is discharged from the liquid discharge path 4 for the processed liquid.
  • layers of cleaning particles 8a, 8b, 8c are formed on the lower partition plates 5a, 5b, 5c in the filtration units 2a, 2b, 2c, and the cleaning particles 8a, 8b, 8c are formed.
  • a filtration layer is formed by the filtration particles 7a, 7b, and 7c on the layer, and spaces 9a, 9b, and 9c are formed between the filtration layer and the upper partition plates 6a, 6b, and 6c.
  • the supply method of the liquid to be treated is not particularly limited, and for example, a method such as pumping by a pump or natural flow by a water head can be used.
  • the lower limit of the supply amount of the liquid to be treated per unit cross-sectional area of the downward flow filtration tower in the water treatment method using the downward flow filtration tower is preferably 100 m 3 / m 2 ⁇ day, and 300 m 3 / m. 2 ⁇ day is more preferable.
  • the upper limit of the feed rate of the liquid to be treated is not particularly limited, but is preferably 3000m 3 / m 2 ⁇ day, more preferably 1000m 3 / m 2 ⁇ day.
  • the supply amount of the liquid to be processed is less than the lower limit, there is a risk that the processing capacity may be insufficient in an environment where a large amount of liquid to be processed is generated, or a large number of downflow filtration towers may be required.
  • the supply amount of the liquid to be treated exceeds the upper limit, the frequency of the backwashing process is increased, which may be inefficient.
  • the upper limit of the turbidity concentration of the treated liquid recovered by the water treatment method using the downward flow filtration tower in FIG. 1 is preferably 10 ppm, more preferably 5 ppm, further preferably 3 ppm, and particularly preferably 1 ppm.
  • the turbidity concentration means the concentration of suspended matter (SS) and is a value measured according to “14.1 Suspended matter” of JIS-K0102 (2008).
  • the upper limit of the oil concentration of the treated liquid recovered by the water treatment method using the downward flow filtration tower in FIG. 1 is preferably 100 ppm, more preferably 10 ppm, and even more preferably 1 ppm. If the oil concentration of the treated liquid exceeds the above upper limit, the load of the oil / water separation treatment downstream of the downflow filtration tower may be excessive, or the treated liquid can be discarded without causing any environmental load. There is a risk of disappearing.
  • wash water is supplied from the treated liquid discharge flow path 4, passes through the filtration units 2a, 2b, and 2c, and is separated from the filtered particles 7a, 7b, and 7c.
  • Washing wastewater containing oil and turbidity remaining in the space 9a of the unit 2a and the space inside the cylindrical main body 1 is discharged from the liquid supply passage 3 to be treated.
  • this washing wastewater may be supplied to the liquid to be processed supply channel 3 as a part of the liquid to be processed in the next filtration step.
  • the washing water flowing from the bottom to the top first causes the washing particles to rise, breaks up the layers of the filtration particles 7a, 7b, and 7c solidified with oil and turbidity, and the filtration particles 7a, 7b, and 7c are washed with the water 9a. , 9b, 9c.
  • the filtered particles 7a, 7b, and 7c that have been swollen into the spaces 9a, 9b, and 9c are agitated in the wash water, and the attached oil and turbidity are peeled off. Further, the raised filter particles 7a, 7b, 7c collide with the other filter particles 7a, 7b, 7c and the cleaning particles 8a, 8b, 8c, thereby promoting the separation of the attached oil and turbidity. .
  • the backwashing process may be performed at regular intervals, and when the pressure difference between the liquid supply flow path 3 to be processed and the liquid discharge flow path 4 has reached a constant pressure in the filtration process, It may be performed when the flow rate of the processing liquid supply channel 3 or the processed liquid discharge channel 4 is reduced to a constant flow rate, or may be performed by operating an operator.
  • the amount of wash water supplied per unit cross-sectional area of the downward flow filtration tower can be, for example, 200 L / m 2 ⁇ hr or more and 2000 L / m 2 ⁇ hr or less.
  • the backwash time can be, for example, 30 seconds to 10 minutes.
  • an interval of backwashing when backwashing is performed every predetermined time it can be set to 1 hour or more and 12 hours or less, for example.
  • the washing water is preferably supplied as a bubbling jet water stream in which bubbles are mixed.
  • the bubbling jet water stream can be produced using, for example, a bubbling jet device, an eductor, or the like.
  • a bubbling jet water stream it is possible to promote separation of oil and turbidity from the filtered particles 7a, 7b, and 7c by bubbles.
  • the washing water may be supplied as a jet water stream that does not contain bubbles.
  • the amount of air in the bubbling jet water flow is preferably, for example, from 1 NL / L to 5 NL / L. Moreover, as an average diameter of the bubble in a bubbling jet water flow, 1 mm or more and 4 mm or less are preferable. Furthermore, the water supply pressure of the washing water is preferably 0.2 MPa or more, and the bubbling jet water flow flux is preferably 20 m / s or more at the discharge port of the bubbling jet nozzle, for example.
  • ⁇ Filter layer forming step> the filtration units 2a, 2b, and 2c are filled with water, and the filtration particles 7a, 7b, and 7c and the cleaning particles 8a, 8b, and 8c are naturally settled.
  • the cleaning particles 8a, 8b, and 8c having a large average specific gravity and a large average particle size have a high sedimentation speed, and settle first to form a layer on the lower partition plates 5a, 5b, and 5c.
  • Filter particles 7a, 7b, and 7c having a smaller average specific gravity and average particle diameter and lower settling velocity than cleaning particles 8a, 8b, and 8c are deposited on the previously formed layer of cleaning particles 8a, 8b, and 8c.
  • a filtration layer is formed.
  • water that does not contain air is supplied from the treated liquid discharge flow path 4 at a flow rate that is equal to or higher than the flow rate of the washing water in the backwashing process.
  • 2c is filled with water and the filtering particles 7a, 7b, 7c and the cleaning particles 8a, 8b, 8c are pressed against the upper partition plates 6a, 6b, 6c, the cleaning particles 8a, 8b, 8c and the filtering particles Separation from 7a, 7b, 7c can be promoted.
  • the filtration units 2a, 2b, and 2c are filled with the filtration particles 7a, 7b, and 7c and the washing particles 8a, 8b, and 8c, so that the washing particles 8a, 8b, and 8c rise during the backwashing, and the filtration particles 7a. , 7b, 7c are broken up to promote the cleaning effect of the filtration particles 7a, 7b, 7c.
  • the said filtration unit 2a, 2b, 2c is excellent in the washing
  • the cleaning particles 8a, 8b, and 8c are larger than those of the filtering particles 7a, 7b, and 7c, a layer of the cleaning particles 8a, 8b, and 8c is formed on the lower side due to the difference in sedimentation speed.
  • a layer of filtered particles 7a, 7b, and 7c that does not contain much cleaning particles 8a, 8b, and 8c is formed on the upper side, the cleaning particles 8a, 8b, and 8c are treated liquids by the layer of filtered particles 7a, 7b, and 7c. Does not impede removal of turbidity inside.
  • the filtration units 2a, 2b, and 2c can exhibit a large processing capacity with a short downtime for backwashing even when purifying a liquid to be treated containing oil and turbidity.
  • the number of the filtration units arranged in the downflow filtration tower is not particularly limited, and can be any number of 1 or more.
  • the filtration unit may be used in combination with a unit having an adsorbent for oil such as porous ceramics, woven fabric, non-woven fabric, fiber, activated carbon or the like.
  • the oil adsorbent unit is preferably arranged on the downstream side of the filtration unit.
  • the filtration unit may be one in which no space is formed on the filtration particles and the washing particles.
  • a plurality of water supply channels for supplying washing water to the lower side of each filtration unit are provided on the main body side of the downward flow filtration tower. You may provide, and you may provide several drainage channels which discharge
  • the water supply path for supplying the cleaning water to the lower side of the filtration unit may have a nozzle for discharging the cleaning water toward the lower surface of the lower partition plate. By providing such a nozzle, a flow having a high flow velocity can be formed at least partially in the filtration unit, and the effect of breaking the layer of filtration particles with the washing particles can be promoted. Further, the nozzle may be disposed so as to be buried in the layer of the filtration particles or the cleaning particles, and the water pressure of the cleaning water may be directly applied to break the filtration particles and the cleaning particles.
  • the filtration unit may be supplied with the cleaning water from the side to the position of the space formed in the steady state.
  • the scrubbing effect of the filtered particles can be promoted by the washing water supplied to the spatial position of the filtration unit and having a flow in a direction different from the washing water from below.
  • the flow path for supplying cleaning water into the filtration unit may include a nozzle that protrudes into the filtration unit and opens downward. By providing such a nozzle, it is possible to promote the cleaning effect of the filtered particles by forming a downward flow, and to make the filtered particle layer break up by colliding with the cleaning particle having a large flow velocity against the filtered particle layer. it can.
  • the filtration tower No. 1-No. No. 3 was prototyped and filtered and backwashed to confirm the effect of the present invention.
  • Filter tower No. 1-No. 3 a cylindrical tubular body having an inner diameter of 40 mm was used, and the first filtration unit, the second filtration unit, and the third filtration unit were filled with the filtration particles and the cleaning particles shown in Table 1 below.
  • the differential pressure before and after the filtration tower increases at a flow rate of 0.5 m 3 / day. Until filtered. As a result, the filtration tower No. 1-No. No. 3 could be continuously filtered for 2 to 4 hours.
  • the filtration tower with the increased differential pressure was back-washed, and an experiment was conducted to remove filtered particles and oil adhering to the washed particles. The flow rate of cleaning water during backwashing was 1 to 3 times the flow rate of water to be treated. As a result, the filtration tower No. 1-No. In all cases 3, the differential pressure during filtration could be reduced to a substantially initial value by backwashing for 3 to 5 minutes. That is, the filtration tower No. 1-No. It was confirmed that all Nos. 3 had sufficient filtration ability and detergency.
  • the said filtration unit can be utilized suitably for the downward flow type filtration tower which removes an oil component and turbidity from the to-be-processed liquid which generate

Abstract

La présente invention aborde le problème de la production d'une unité de filtration qui possède une structure simple comprenant des particules de filtration et qui a une excellente capacité à nettoyer les particules de filtration. L'unité de filtration selon un mode de réalisation est une unité de filtration disposée dans une tour de filtration à courant descendant et séparée par une séparation perméable à l'eau disposée sur le côté inférieur, l'unité de filtration comprenant des particules de filtration encapsulées et des particules de nettoyage encapsulées, les particules de nettoyage ayant un diamètre de particule moyen plus élevé et une densité moyenne plus élevée que les particules de filtration. Il est préférable que l'unité de filtration dans un état stationnaire ait un espace au-dessus des particules de filtration et des particules de nettoyage. Le rapport de la densité moyenne des particules de nettoyage à la densité moyenne des particules de filtration est de préférence de 1,2 à 10. Le rapport du diamètre de particule moyen des particules de nettoyage au diamètre de particule moyen des particules de filtration est de préférence de 1,2 à 10. Le rapport du volume des particules de nettoyage au volume des particules de filtration est, de préférence, de 0,1 à 1. Il est préférable que les particules de filtration comprennent un polymère en tant que composant principal et les particules de nettoyage comprennent un verre, une céramique, un métal ou un polymère en tant que composant principal.
PCT/JP2015/066118 2014-09-08 2015-06-03 Unité de filtration WO2016038948A1 (fr)

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KR20220023631A (ko) * 2020-08-21 2022-03-02 (주)동부그린 Tdf 연소재를 이용한 옥시디아닐린 제조공정폐수의 총질소 제거를 위한 전처리장치와 이를 이용한 전처리방법

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JPS5322664A (en) * 1976-08-16 1978-03-02 Nippon Zeon Co Complex filter layer
JPH0192299U (fr) * 1987-12-11 1989-06-16
JPH05208104A (ja) * 1992-01-31 1993-08-20 Nkk Corp 懸濁性固形物の除去装置
JPH0889726A (ja) * 1994-09-27 1996-04-09 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd 水浄化装置
JPH1199398A (ja) * 1997-07-28 1999-04-13 Toto Ltd 浄化槽
JP2008283873A (ja) * 2007-05-15 2008-11-27 Hitachi Plant Technologies Ltd 浄化装置及び浄化装置の運転方法
JP2009268443A (ja) * 2008-05-12 2009-11-19 Akechi Ceramics Co Ltd 養液の除菌濾過装置
JP2013248563A (ja) * 2012-05-31 2013-12-12 Kamata Bio Eng Kk ろ過装置、そのろ過方法及びろ材の逆洗方法

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5322664A (en) * 1976-08-16 1978-03-02 Nippon Zeon Co Complex filter layer
JPH0192299U (fr) * 1987-12-11 1989-06-16
JPH05208104A (ja) * 1992-01-31 1993-08-20 Nkk Corp 懸濁性固形物の除去装置
JPH0889726A (ja) * 1994-09-27 1996-04-09 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd 水浄化装置
JPH1199398A (ja) * 1997-07-28 1999-04-13 Toto Ltd 浄化槽
JP2008283873A (ja) * 2007-05-15 2008-11-27 Hitachi Plant Technologies Ltd 浄化装置及び浄化装置の運転方法
JP2009268443A (ja) * 2008-05-12 2009-11-19 Akechi Ceramics Co Ltd 養液の除菌濾過装置
JP2013248563A (ja) * 2012-05-31 2013-12-12 Kamata Bio Eng Kk ろ過装置、そのろ過方法及びろ材の逆洗方法

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20220023631A (ko) * 2020-08-21 2022-03-02 (주)동부그린 Tdf 연소재를 이용한 옥시디아닐린 제조공정폐수의 총질소 제거를 위한 전처리장치와 이를 이용한 전처리방법
KR102548062B1 (ko) * 2020-08-21 2023-06-27 (주)동부그린 Tdf 연소재를 이용한 옥시디아닐린 제조공정폐수의 총질소 제거를 위한 전처리장치와 이를 이용한 전처리방법

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