Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
  • F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
  • F23L7/00—Supplying non-combustible liquids or gases, other than air, to the fire, e.g. oxygen, steam
  • F23L7/007—Supplying oxygen or oxygen-enriched air
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
  • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
  • F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
  • F23G7/06—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases
  • F23G7/08—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases using flares, e.g. in stacks
  • F23G7/085—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases using flares, e.g. in stacks in stacks
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
  • F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
  • F23L7/00—Supplying non-combustible liquids or gases, other than air, to the fire, e.g. oxygen, steam
  • F23L7/002—Supplying water
  • F23L7/005—Evaporated water; Steam
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
  • Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
  • Y02E20/34—Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery

Definitions

• the invention relates to a method for combustion of exhaust gases, which emerge from an exhaust pipe, wherein the exhaust gases are burned to form a flame at the outlet end of the exhaust pipe and a device for combustion of exhaust gases, which an exhaust pipe with an outlet end for the exhaust gas and one with a Oxygen tank connected
• Oxygen supply and an igniter comprises.
• Flaring is often used in refineries and in the chemical industry for the elimination of exhaust gases, particularly in the case of on or off
• Such a method for combustion of exhaust gas has a flare with a steam supply, wherein the exhaust gas is ignited and burned at the outlet end of a chimney-like pipe.
• the steam is introduced into the flame at high speed and draws in ambient air and thus oxygen into the core of the flame, thus improving combustion.
• a method is known, for example, from the company brochure "Fackelsystem” SPG Prematechnik GmbH. It is often the case that large volumes of steam are generated in chemical plants, which are available for combustion. But if there is a lockout due to a malfunction or to an unexpected shutdown of the chemical plant, no more steam is available and the air is no longer drawn into the flame by the lack of steam, so that the inside of the flame is not enough oxygen is available for complete combustion, resulting in heavy soot.
• Another method of combusting exhaust gases includes introducing an oxygen-fuel mixture into the flame, wherein the oxygen and the fuel are supplied to and mixed with a burner through two conduits. This will make a flame with high temperature
• Object of the present invention is to provide a method for combustion of exhaust gases from a refinery or a chemical operation, so that the exhaust gases can be burned more effectively, completely and soot-free especially in case of incidents of the plant.
• a gas other than the oxygen-containing gas in particular steam, is introduced into the flame and in case of failure additionally an oxygen-containing gas or only an oxygen-containing gas is introduced with an oxygen content of more than 22% in the flame, wherein the normal case is when there is enough other gas available to draw sufficient oxygen for combustion into the interior of the flame, and the incident occurs when the other gas is not sufficiently available.
• a device for combustion of exhaust gases is provided according to the invention, which comprises an exhaust pipe with an outlet end and a supply and an ignition device, wherein the supply is designed as an oxygen supply and with a
• Oxygen tank is connected, with an additional supply is provided.
• a gas other than the oxygen-containing gas in particular steam, is normally introduced into the flame and, in the event of a fault, an oxygen-containing gas or only an oxygen-containing gas with an oxygen content of more than 22% is introduced into the flame, the normal case then being present if there is enough other gas available to draw enough oxygen for combustion into the interior of the flame, and the incident occurs when the other gas is not sufficiently available, so that there is enough oxygen inside the flame and one efficient and complete and soot-free combustion of exhaust gases is achieved.
• an oxygen-containing gas or only an oxygen-containing gas with an oxygen content of more than 22% is introduced into the flame, the normal case then being present if there is enough other gas available to draw enough oxygen for combustion into the interior of the flame, and the incident occurs when the other gas is not sufficiently available, so that there is enough oxygen inside the flame and one efficient and complete and soot-free combustion of exhaust gases is achieved.
• the oxygen supply is used according to the invention in accidents of operation when no or not enough steam is generated, e.g. in case of lockout due to a malfunction or unforeseen shutdown of the chemical plant.
• the exhaust gases can then also without
• the exhaust gases come from a refinery or a chemical plant.
• the exhaust gases for example, accumulate during a mass transfer process or are no longer usable gaseous waste products, e.g. out
• the invention is particularly used when the exhaust gases are harmful and hazardous to humans and / or the environment.
• an oxygen-containing gas in particular oxygen-enriched air
• oxygen-enriched air preference is given to an oxygen-containing gas, in particular oxygen-enriched air
• the process is used when the exhaust gas contains hydrocarbons or other toxic, polluting or harmful substances, e.g. Carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxide, sulfur oxide.
• hydrocarbons or other toxic, polluting or harmful substances e.g. Carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxide, sulfur oxide.
• Hydrocarbons or other toxic substances are produced, for example, in a refinery or in a chemical plant if incomplete
• the oxygen-containing gas is preferably at high speed, preferably 0.1 to 3 times the speed of sound, more preferably 0.5 to 2 times, most preferably 0.8 to 1, 2 times the speed of sound is sent through a nozzle and brought into the interior of the flame.
• Velocity is determined by the nozzle cross-section and the supply pressure and set via the pre-pressure at start-up and fixed before installation of the system. As the speed increases, more ambient air is drawn in, leading to more oxygen in the core of the flame, so that the exhaust gas burns better. The injection of the oxygen-containing gas into the combustion zone causes turbulence in the flame, so that the air is mixed with the exhaust gas for smokeless combustion.
• the oxygen-containing gas is introduced into the flame near the outlet end of the exhaust pipe at an angle of 0 to 45 degrees, preferably 10 to 30 degrees to the vertical, to maintain the flame even in crosswinds.
• the oxygen-containing gas is sprayed into the flame to draw in additional ambient air and to convey further oxygen into the flame kernel.
• the combustion device according to the invention comprises an exhaust pipe with an outlet end for the exhaust gas and a feed and a
• Ignition device that ignites the gas mixture from the exhaust pipe and forms a flame, z. B. pilot burner, ignition electrode, gas ignition burner, etc., wherein the supply is designed as an oxygen supply and is connected to an oxygen tank.
• a second line is additionally used in the device, so that the exhaust gases can be burned with a gas other than oxygen, in particular steam, if enough other gas from the chemical plant or the chemical operation is available to sufficient air in the To burn in the combustion zone of the flame.
• the apparatus is constructed so that the oxygen supply ends near the exit end of the exhaust pipe, so that the oxygen-containing gas is introduced into the flame while sucking air into the combustion zone and generates air turbulence to supply the air with the exhaust gas for smokeless combustion Mix.
• the oxygen supply is preferably established at an angle of 0 to 45 degrees, preferably 10 to 30 degrees to the vertical, so that the flame is maintained upright in crosswinds.
• a nozzle is used to inject the oxygen into the flame to draw in additional ambient air and to convey further oxygen into the flame kernel.
• a nozzle is understood to mean a pipe section with a cross-sectional constriction and / or a cross-sectional widening and / or further complex shapes, in particular a venturi nozzle.
• the oxygen tank is a liquid tank, wherein the liquid
• Oxygen is converted and introduced into the flame through the exit end of the oxygen supply.
• the oxygen supply via a valve with a
• Oxygen amount is used and is designed as a shut-off valve. For an increase in the amount of oxygen correspondingly more systems are installed in parallel, which can offer the oxygen over several oxygen supplies.
• FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a device of the prior art
• Fig. 2 shows a device according to the invention
• FIG. 1 shows a schematic view of a prior art device for combustion of exhaust gases.
• the device consists of an exhaust pipe 1, an ignition device 2 and an oxygen line 3, which is connected to an oxygen tank 4.
• the exhaust gases for example, in a refinery or in a chemical operation at incomplete
• Combustion of carbonaceous fuel arising pass through the exhaust pipe 1 and are ignited with the ignition device 2 to form a flame.
• Figure 2 shows a device according to the invention. In both figures, identical elements are provided with the same reference numbers.
• a second line 6 is additionally provided.
• the exhaust gases are normally burned under supply of another gas, in particular steam, as the oxygen-containing gas.
• the normal case is when the other gas in the chemical plant is sufficiently generated or otherwise made available, so that enough air is drawn through the supply of the other gas into the flame.
• An oxygen-containing gas in particular oxygen-enriched air having an oxygen content of more than 30% by volume, more than 50% by volume, more than 80% by volume or technically pure oxygen having an oxygen content of more than 95% by volume or more 99 vol%, is introduced through the oxygen line 3 into the flame, wherein the oxygen is introduced from a liquid oxygen tank 4 via a valve 5.
• the valve 5 is used to release the fixed set amount of oxygen and is designed as a shut-off valve. In addition, it is easier to provide oxygen in a tank system than to produce steam, especially if there is an accident.
• Amount of oxygen used which is available.
• the oxygen supply according to the invention introduces more oxygen into the core of the flame, resulting in an advantage of complete combustion and less soot formation.
• the oxygen supply is
• the oxygen-containing gas is preferably sprayed into the flame with a nozzle, in particular venturi, in order to suck in additional more ambient air and more
• Combustion zone is recovered and there vortexes are generated, which lead to an effective and smokeless combustion.
• the other gas can often no longer be made available in sufficient quantity.
• Oxygen line 3 introduced into the flame.
• the flame is thus supplied to both the oxygen-containing gas and the other gas, for example steam.
• Oxygen line 3 introduced into the flame, so that the exhaust gases can be burned soot-free and complete.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• Air Supply (AREA)
• Feeding, Discharge, Calcimining, Fusing, And Gas-Generation Devices (AREA)

Priority Applications (3)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Publications (1)

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• 2014
  • 2014-09-11 DE DE102014013474.1A patent/DE102014013474A1/de not_active Withdrawn
• 2015
  • 2015-08-17 US US14/827,610 patent/US20160076765A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2015-09-10 CN CN201580049034.2A patent/CN107076413A/zh active Pending
  • 2015-09-10 RU RU2017112021A patent/RU2017112021A/ru not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 2015-09-10 BR BR112017004793A patent/BR112017004793A2/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 2015-09-10 WO PCT/EP2015/001828 patent/WO2016037706A1/de active Application Filing

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