US20160076765A1 - Method for combusting exhaust gas with oxygen feed line - Google Patents

Method for combusting exhaust gas with oxygen feed line Download PDF

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Publication number
US20160076765A1
US20160076765A1 US14/827,610 US201514827610A US2016076765A1 US 20160076765 A1 US20160076765 A1 US 20160076765A1 US 201514827610 A US201514827610 A US 201514827610A US 2016076765 A1 US2016076765 A1 US 2016076765A1
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
oxygen
feed line
containing gas
flame
gas
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US14/827,610
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English (en)
Inventor
Joachim Goldbach
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Linde GmbH
Original Assignee
Linde GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from EP14003811.8A external-priority patent/EP2995858A1/de
Application filed by Linde GmbH filed Critical Linde GmbH
Assigned to LINDE AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT reassignment LINDE AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: GOLDBACH, JOACHIM
Publication of US20160076765A1 publication Critical patent/US20160076765A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
    • F23L7/00—Supplying non-combustible liquids or gases, other than air, to the fire, e.g. oxygen, steam
    • F23L7/007—Supplying oxygen or oxygen-enriched air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
    • F23G7/06—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases
    • F23G7/08—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases using flares, e.g. in stacks
    • F23G7/085—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases using flares, e.g. in stacks in stacks
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
    • F23L7/00—Supplying non-combustible liquids or gases, other than air, to the fire, e.g. oxygen, steam
    • F23L7/002—Supplying water
    • F23L7/005—Evaporated water; Steam
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/34—Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for combusting exhaust gases exiting from an exhaust pipe, wherein the exhaust gases are combusted with the formation of a flame at the outlet end of the exhaust pipe, as well as to an exhaust gas combustion device, which encompasses an exhaust pipe with an outlet end for the exhaust gas along as well as an oxygen feed line connected with an oxygen tank and an ignition device.
  • Flaring is often used at refineries and in the chemical industry to eliminate exhaust gases that arise in particular during startup and shutdown operations and in pressure relief and evacuation equipment. Large quantities of gas can also exit in the event of malfunctions. Flaring is used where another application for the flared gas based on prior art or market demand makes no sense or is financially of no interest.
  • Such a method for exhaust gas combustion exhibits a flaring with steam supply, wherein the exhaust gas is ignited and combusted at the outlet end of a chimney-like pipe.
  • the steam is introduced into the flame at a high rate, and draws ambient air, and hence oxygen, into the inner core of the flame, thereby improving combustion.
  • a method is known from the corporate brochure “Fackelsystem” (Flaring System) of SPG Prematechnik GmbH.
  • Another method for combusting exhaust gas exhibits a feed line with an oxygen-fuel mixture in the flame, wherein the oxygen and fuel are supplied to a burner through two lines, and there mixed together. This produces a flame with a high temperature, wherein the oxygen-fuel ratio of the mixture is set based on the desired oxidation potential of combustion.
  • a method is known from U.S. Pat. No. 3,864,072.
  • the object of the present invention is to indicate a method for combusting exhaust gases from a refinery or chemical factory, so that the exhaust gases can be combusted more effectively and completely and without soot, in particular in the event of malfunctions.
  • This object is achieved by a method for combusting exhaust gases, wherein the exhaust gases exit from an exhaust pipe, and are combusted with the formation of a flame at the outlet end of the exhaust pipe, wherein an oxygen-containing gas with an oxygen content exceeding 22% is introduced into the flame.
  • a device for combusting exhaust gases which comprises an exhaust gas pipe with an outlet end and a feed line along with an ignition device, wherein the feed line is designed as an oxygen feed line, and connected with an oxygen tank.
  • an oxygen-containing gas with an oxygen content exceeding 22% is introduced into the exhaust gas, so that enough oxygen is available inside the flame, and the exhaust gases are combusted more efficiently and completely, and without soot.
  • the exhaust gases preferably originate from a refinery or chemical factory.
  • the exhaust gases arise during a material conversion process or are no longer usable gaseous waste products, e.g., from internal combustion engines or technical incinerators.
  • the invention is used in particular when the exhaust gases are harmful and dangerous to humans and/or the environment.
  • an oxygen-containing gas in particular oxygen-enriched air with an oxygen content exceeding 30% v/v, exceeding 50% v/v, exceeding 80% v/v, or technically pure oxygen with an oxygen content exceeding 95% v/v or exceeding 99% v/v, so that the exhaust gas reacts more efficiently with the oxygen, and a complete combustion takes place.
  • Supplying the oxygen improves the combustion of the carbon compounds present in the exhaust gas. The advantage to this is that less soot is formed, and nitric oxides in the exhaust gas are also reduced.
  • the method is preferably used when the exhaust gas contains hydrocarbons or other toxic, environmentally harmful or unhealthy substances, e.g., carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxide, sulfur oxide.
  • hydrocarbons or other toxic substances arise in a refinery or in a chemical factory when carbon-containing fuel is incompletely combusted.
  • the oxygen-containing gas is further relayed through a nozzle and brought inside the flame, preferably at a higher speed that preferably measures 0.1 to 3 times the speed of sound, especially preferably 0.5 to 2 times, most especially preferably 0.8 to 1.2 times the speed of sound.
  • the speed is determined using the nozzle cross section and supply pressure, adjusted via the upstream pressure during startup, and set prior to installation of the system. As the speed increases, more ambient air is also drawn in, and thus more oxygen is guided into the inner core of the flame, thereby improving exhaust gas combustion. Injecting the oxygen-containing gas into the combustion zone generates turbulences in the flame, so that the air is mixed with the exhaust gas for smokeless combustion.
  • the oxygen-containing gas is preferably upwardly introduced into the flame in proximity to the outlet end of the exhaust gas pipe at an angle of 0 to 45 degrees, preferably 10 to 30 degrees to the vertical, so as to maintain the flame even during exposure to crosswinds.
  • the oxygen-containing gas is preferably sprayed into the flame, so as to draw in additional ambient air and convey more oxygen to the inner core of the flame.
  • the oxygen feed line is preferably used during operational malfunctions when not enough or no steam is generated, e.g., given a nonvolatile lockout caused by an operational breakdown or unforeseen shutdown of the chemical plant.
  • the exhaust gases can then also be combusted efficiently and without soot even without supplying steam.
  • the combustion device encompasses an exhaust pipe with an outlet end for the exhaust gas, as well as a feed line and an ignition device, which ignites the gas mixture from the exhaust pipe and generates a flame, e.g., pilot burner, ignition electrode, gas igniter, wherein the feed line is designed as an oxygen feed line, and connected with an oxygen tank.
  • an ignition device which ignites the gas mixture from the exhaust pipe and generates a flame, e.g., pilot burner, ignition electrode, gas igniter, wherein the feed line is designed as an oxygen feed line, and connected with an oxygen tank.
  • the device is preferably built in such a way that the oxygen feed line ends in proximity to the outlet end of the exhaust pipe, so that the oxygen-containing gas is introduced into the flame, during which air is drawn into the combustion zone and generates air turbulences, so as to mix the air with the exhaust gas for a smokeless combustion.
  • the oxygen feed line is preferably built at an angle of 0 to 45 degrees, preferably 10 to 30 degrees to the vertical, so that the flame is maintained during exposure to crosswinds.
  • a nozzle is preferably used for spraying the oxygen into the flame, so as to draw in additional ambient air and convey more oxygen into the inner core of the flame.
  • a nozzle is understood to mean a length of pipe with a narrowed cross section and/or expanded cross section and/or other complex shapes, in particular a Venturi nozzle.
  • the oxygen tank is preferably a liquid tank, wherein the liquid oxygen from the liquid tank is converted into gaseous oxygen with an evaporator, and introduced into the flame through the outlet end of the oxygen feed line.
  • the oxygen feed line is preferably connected with an oxygen tank by way of a valve, which serves to release the fixed oxygen quantity, and is designed as a shutoff valve.
  • a valve which serves to release the fixed oxygen quantity
  • shutoff valve In order to increase the oxygen quantity, correspondingly more systems are installed in parallel, which can provide the oxygen via several oxygen feed lines.
  • the supplied quantity of oxygen is also often not regulated with a control valve, and the maximum quantity of oxygen available is always used.
  • a second line is preferably used in the device, so that the exhaust gases can also be combusted with a gas other than oxygen, in particular steam, when enough other gas from the chemical plant or chemical factory is available to draw enough air into the combustion zone of the flame.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a device according to the invention.
  • FIG. 2 is an alternative embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 1 presents a schematic view of a device according to the invention for combusting exhaust gases.
  • the device consists of an exhaust pipe 1 , an ignition device 2 and an oxygen feed line 3 , which is connected with an oxygen tank 4 .
  • the exhaust gases for example which come about in a refinery or in a chemical factory, exit from the exhaust pipe 1 , and are ignited by the ignition device 2 with the formation of a flame.
  • An oxygen-containing gas in particular oxygen-enriched air with an oxygen content exceeding 30% v/v, exceeding 50% v/v, exceeding 80% v/v or technically pure oxygen with an oxygen content exceeding 95% v/v or exceeding 99% v/v, is introduced into the flame through the oxygen line 3 , wherein the oxygen is introduced from a liquid oxygen tank 4 by way of a valve 5 .
  • the valve 5 is used to release the fixed quantity of oxygen, and is designed as a shutoff valve. In addition, it is easier to provide oxygen in a tank system than to generate steam, in particular when there is a malfunction.
  • the oxygen feed line according to the invention introduces more oxygen into the inner core of the flame, resulting in the advantage of a complete combustion and less soot formation.
  • the oxygen feed line is preferably located upwardly in proximity to the exhaust pipe at an angle of 0 to 45 degrees, preferably 10 to 30 degrees to the vertical, so as to maintain the flame during exposure to crosswinds.
  • the oxygen-containing gas is preferably sprayed into the flame with a nozzle, in particular a Venturi nozzle, so as to additionally draw in more ambient air and convey more oxygen into the inner core of the flame.
  • the method according to the invention can be used to introduce the oxygen-containing gas at the speed of sound or a similarly higher speed, wherein more ambient air is drawn into the combustion zone with a rising speed, where turbulences are generated, resulting in an efficient and smokeless combustion.
  • FIG. 2 shows an alternative device according to the invention. Identical elements are provided with the same reference numbers in both figures.
  • a second line 6 is additionally provided in the device according to FIG. 2 .
  • the exhaust gases are combusted while supplying a gas other than the oxygen-containing gas, in particular steam.
  • a normal case or operation is when enough of the other gas can be generated in the chemical plant or be otherwise provided, so that enough air is drawn into the flame by supplying the other gas.
  • the other gas can often no longer be provided in sufficient quantity.
  • additional oxygen-containing gas is introduced into the flame from the oxygen feed line 3 . Therefore, both the oxygen-containing gas and the other gas, for example steam, are supplied to the flame.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Air Supply (AREA)
  • Feeding, Discharge, Calcimining, Fusing, And Gas-Generation Devices (AREA)
US14/827,610 2014-09-11 2015-08-17 Method for combusting exhaust gas with oxygen feed line Abandoned US20160076765A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102014013474.1 2014-09-11
DE102014013474.1A DE102014013474A1 (de) 2014-09-11 2014-09-11 Verfahren zur Abgasverbrennung mit Sauerstoffzuführung
EP14003811.8 2014-11-12
EP14003811.8A EP2995858A1 (de) 2014-09-11 2014-11-12 Verfahren zur Abgasverbrennung mit Sauerstoffzuführung

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US20160076765A1 true US20160076765A1 (en) 2016-03-17

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US14/827,610 Abandoned US20160076765A1 (en) 2014-09-11 2015-08-17 Method for combusting exhaust gas with oxygen feed line

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US20160076765A1 (ru)
CN (1) CN107076413A (ru)
BR (1) BR112017004793A2 (ru)
DE (1) DE102014013474A1 (ru)
RU (1) RU2017112021A (ru)
WO (1) WO2016037706A1 (ru)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109668155A (zh) * 2017-10-16 2019-04-23 中国石油化工股份有限公司 高温焚烧法处理循环气脱碳尾气的方法
EP4033149A1 (en) * 2021-01-22 2022-07-27 L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Monitoring combustible matter in a gaseous stream

Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3547567A (en) * 1968-07-25 1970-12-15 Smoke Ban Mfg Inc Flare stack combustion tip
US3667408A (en) * 1970-08-04 1972-06-06 Polymer Corp Flare stack
US3801261A (en) * 1972-04-27 1974-04-02 Zink Co John Opti-netic flare
US3891847A (en) * 1974-02-13 1975-06-24 Shell Oil Co Method and apparatus for controlling the addition of a combustion assisting fluid to a flare
GB1413793A (en) * 1971-12-10 1975-11-12 Exxon Research Engineering Co Flame combustion
US4652232A (en) * 1983-05-16 1987-03-24 John Zink Co. Apparatus and method to add kinetic energy to a low pressure waste gas flare burner
US5759022A (en) * 1995-10-16 1998-06-02 Gas Research Institute Method and system for reducing NOx and fuel emissions in a furnace
US6638059B1 (en) * 1998-12-30 2003-10-28 Total Raffinage Distribution S.A. Burner-type apparatus and fuel combustion method
US20080145807A1 (en) * 2004-12-02 2008-06-19 Saudi Arabian Oil Company Flare stack combustion method and apparatus
US20130115560A1 (en) * 2010-04-23 2013-05-09 L'air Liquide Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Proceded Georges Claude Fuel-Fired Furnace and Method for Controlling Combustion in a Fuel-Fired Furnace

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3864072A (en) 1973-10-10 1975-02-04 Airco Inc Combustion system for Flare Gas
CN101576259A (zh) * 2008-05-07 2009-11-11 中冶焦耐自动化系统有限公司 火炬燃烧器

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3547567A (en) * 1968-07-25 1970-12-15 Smoke Ban Mfg Inc Flare stack combustion tip
US3667408A (en) * 1970-08-04 1972-06-06 Polymer Corp Flare stack
GB1413793A (en) * 1971-12-10 1975-11-12 Exxon Research Engineering Co Flame combustion
US3801261A (en) * 1972-04-27 1974-04-02 Zink Co John Opti-netic flare
US3891847A (en) * 1974-02-13 1975-06-24 Shell Oil Co Method and apparatus for controlling the addition of a combustion assisting fluid to a flare
US4652232A (en) * 1983-05-16 1987-03-24 John Zink Co. Apparatus and method to add kinetic energy to a low pressure waste gas flare burner
US5759022A (en) * 1995-10-16 1998-06-02 Gas Research Institute Method and system for reducing NOx and fuel emissions in a furnace
US6638059B1 (en) * 1998-12-30 2003-10-28 Total Raffinage Distribution S.A. Burner-type apparatus and fuel combustion method
US20080145807A1 (en) * 2004-12-02 2008-06-19 Saudi Arabian Oil Company Flare stack combustion method and apparatus
US20130115560A1 (en) * 2010-04-23 2013-05-09 L'air Liquide Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Proceded Georges Claude Fuel-Fired Furnace and Method for Controlling Combustion in a Fuel-Fired Furnace

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102014013474A1 (de) 2016-03-17
WO2016037706A1 (de) 2016-03-17
RU2017112021A (ru) 2018-10-11
CN107076413A (zh) 2017-08-18
BR112017004793A2 (pt) 2017-12-12

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AS Assignment

Owner name: LINDE AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT, GERMANY

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:GOLDBACH, JOACHIM;REEL/FRAME:036796/0701

Effective date: 20151005

STCB Information on status: application discontinuation

Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION