WO2016037434A1 - 立体显示装置 - Google Patents

立体显示装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016037434A1
WO2016037434A1 PCT/CN2014/094054 CN2014094054W WO2016037434A1 WO 2016037434 A1 WO2016037434 A1 WO 2016037434A1 CN 2014094054 W CN2014094054 W CN 2014094054W WO 2016037434 A1 WO2016037434 A1 WO 2016037434A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
light
grating
lens
display device
stereoscopic display
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PCT/CN2014/094054
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
魏伟
Original Assignee
京东方科技集团股份有限公司
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Application filed by 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 filed Critical 京东方科技集团股份有限公司
Priority to JP2017533667A priority Critical patent/JP6606184B2/ja
Priority to US14/762,631 priority patent/US9778472B2/en
Priority to EP14882800.7A priority patent/EP3193205A4/en
Priority to KR1020157025845A priority patent/KR101749443B1/ko
Publication of WO2016037434A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016037434A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B3/00—Simple or compound lenses
    • G02B3/0006—Arrays
    • G02B3/0037—Arrays characterized by the distribution or form of lenses
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B30/00—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images
    • G02B30/20—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes
    • G02B30/26—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type
    • G02B30/27—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type involving lenticular arrays
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B3/00—Simple or compound lenses
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B30/00—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images
    • G02B30/20—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes
    • G02B30/26—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type
    • G02B30/30—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type involving parallax barriers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B3/00—Simple or compound lenses
    • G02B2003/0093—Simple or compound lenses characterised by the shape

Definitions

  • Embodiments of the invention relate to stereoscopic display devices.
  • stereoscopic display has become a major trend in the display field.
  • the most basic principle of stereoscopic display is to make the left and right eyes of the person receive different images with parallax respectively, and then superimpose and reproduce the different images through the brain to form a three-dimensional stereoscopic view.
  • the three-dimensional display technology mainly includes two types of glasses and a naked eye. Since there is no need to wear glasses, the naked-eye three-dimensional display is getting more and more attention.
  • the conventional naked-eye stereoscopic display device is as shown in FIG. 1 and includes a display panel 100 and a grating 200.
  • the display panel 100 includes a plurality of first display units 101 and a plurality of second display units 102, and the first display unit 101 displays a left eye image, and the second display unit 102 displays a right eye image;
  • the grating 200 includes a light shielding area and a transparent area.
  • the light zone therefore, the grating has a light splitting effect, so that the left eye only sees the left eye image, and the right eye only sees the right eye image, thereby generating a stereoscopic feeling.
  • the distance e between the eyes of the average person is about 65 mm
  • the line of sight of the human eye to the grating is H
  • the distance from the grating to the display unit is f
  • the pitch of the adjacent two display units is p.
  • the distance from the grating to the display unit is generally small for the lightness and thinness of the product and the close-range viewing, which is substantially equal to the thickness of the glass substrate on the light-emitting side of the display panel, which is about 0.2 mm.
  • the distance between the grating and the display unit is increased, although the mechanical performance of the display device is improved, the line of sight of the human eye to the grating is also increased, which is disadvantageous for obtaining a 3D display effect at a short distance.
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide a stereoscopic display device, which not only has excellent mechanical performance, but also ensures a 3D display effect at a relatively short distance.
  • An embodiment of the present invention provides a stereoscopic display device, including: a display panel including a plurality of first display units and a plurality of second display units arranged alternately; a grating disposed on the light emitting side of the display panel and including a plurality of transparent And an optical zone and a plurality of opaque regions, wherein the display device includes a lens having a diverging effect on light at a corresponding location of each of the light transmissive regions of the grating.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a conventional stereoscopic display device
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a stereoscopic display device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 3(a) and 3(b) are schematic diagrams showing the comparison between the stereoscopic display device and the existing stereoscopic display device according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is an optical path analysis diagram of a stereoscopic display device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a grating according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides a stereoscopic display device, as shown in FIG. 2, comprising: a display panel 100 and a grating 200 located on a light exiting side of the display panel 100, wherein the display panel 100 includes a plurality of first display units 101 arranged alternately And a plurality of second display units 102, and the first display unit 101 displays a left eye image, the second display unit 102 displays a right eye image; the grating 200 includes a light transmitting area a and a light blocking area b; and the display device transmits light in the corresponding grating 200
  • the position of the area a includes a lens 300 having a diverging effect on light, and the light of the first display unit 101 and the second display unit 102 occurs through the lens 300 After deflection, the left eye receives the left eye image and the right eye receives the right eye image.
  • the display device includes a lens having a diverging effect on the light at a corresponding position of the light-transmitting region of the grating, and may include a lens having a diverging effect on the light at a position corresponding to each of the light-transmitting regions of the grating, or may be a lens corresponding to the lens.
  • the left eye receives the left eye image
  • the right eye receives the right eye image.
  • the light emitted by the first display unit 101 of the display device is L1
  • the light emitted by the second display unit 102 is R1.
  • the light L1 emitted by the first display unit 101 and the light path of the light R1 emitted from the second display unit 102 are indicated by a broken line, and at a position S+D from the grating 200, L1'
  • the distance from R1' is equal to the separation distance between the two eyes of the person, that is, the left eye receives the left eye image at the position where the distance grating 200 is S+D, and the right eye receives the right eye image, and the viewer sees the 3D image.
  • the spacing between L1 and R1 is equal to the separation distance between the two eyes of the person, that is, at the position where the distance grating 200 is D, the left eye receives the left eye image and the right eye receives the right eye image, and the viewer sees the 3D image.
  • the viewing position of the 3D image is closer to the raster position.
  • the display device can increase the raster to display.
  • the distance of the unit by providing a lens having a diverging effect on the light in the light-transmitting region of the grating, it is possible to see the 3D image at the position of the original viewing distance. As shown in FIG. 3, in FIG.
  • the distance from the grating to the display unit is f1
  • the viewing distance from the human eye to the grating is H1
  • the left eye image displayed by the first display unit 101 and the second display unit 102 are displayed.
  • the right eye image is received by the left and right eyes at the position of H1, respectively.
  • the distance from the grating to the display unit is f2, and f1>f2
  • the line of sight of the human eye to the grating is H2
  • the left eye image displayed by the first display unit 101 and the right displayed by the second display unit 102 is received by the left and right eyes at the position of H2, respectively. Since the display device in FIG.
  • the display device has better mechanical properties (the display panel is thicker), it is also possible to view the 3D image at a closer distance.
  • a lens having a diverging effect on light that is, light passing through the lens, is diverged. It can be a lens 300 as shown in FIG. 2 , and can also be a prism or the like, as long as the light can be diverged.
  • the embodiment of the present invention is not limited thereto, and the embodiment of the present invention is only shown in FIG. 2 . As an example, a detailed description will be given.
  • the display panel 100 includes a plurality of first display units 101 and a plurality of second display units 102, in the lateral direction and the longitudinal direction of the display panel 100 (FIG. 1 only takes the horizontal direction as an example), the first display Unit 101 and second display unit 102 may also be alternately arranged.
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide a stereoscopic display device including a display panel, a grating, and a lens having a diverging effect on light at corresponding positions of the respective light-transmitting regions of the grating, the first display unit and the first display unit After the light of the two display units is refracted by the lens, the left eye receives the left eye image at a closer position, and the right eye receives the right eye image, the display device can achieve better mechanical performance on the display panel (the display panel is thicker) In this case, the 3D image is viewed at a closer distance by a lens having a diverging effect on the light.
  • the mechanical properties of the display panel can be improved by increasing the thickness of the glass substrate on the light exit side of the display panel; it is also possible to add spacer glass between the glass substrate and the grating to improve the mechanical properties of the display panel.
  • the display device is provided with a lens having a diverging effect on the light corresponding to each of the transparent regions of the grating, and has the same diverging effect corresponding to the plurality of lenses of the plurality of transparent regions, that is, Each lens has the same shape and the degree of deflection to light is the same.
  • the adjacent two light transmitting regions or the plurality of light transmitting regions may correspond to one lens, but the lens has the same diverging effect on light at each position corresponding to the two light transmitting regions or the plurality of light transmitting regions, for example, for example, The curvature is uniform, so as to ensure that the light deflection of each of the light-transmitting regions is the same.
  • a light-transmitting region corresponding to one lens is taken as an example for detailed description.
  • a lens having a diverging effect on light is located on the light exit side of the grating.
  • the lens having a diverging effect on the light may also be located between the grating and the display panel, and when the lens is located between the grating and the display panel, a transparent adhesive may be filled between the grating and the display panel to facilitate fixing the lens and Grating.
  • the lens having a diverging effect on light is a plano-concave lens or a triangular prism.
  • the lens 300 having a diverging effect on light is a flat surface on the light incident side and a concave surface on the light exit side.
  • the optical axis of the plano-concave lens passes through the center point of the light transmitting area, and the center point of the light transmitting area is the coordinate origin (0, 0), and the x axis is parallel to the grating.
  • the y-axis is perpendicular to the grating, and any point (x, y) of the concave surface of the lens having a diverging effect on light satisfies the following conditions:
  • x is the x coordinate of any point of the concave surface
  • y is the y coordinate corresponding to any point of the concave surface
  • n is the refractive index of the lens
  • a is the incident angle
  • b is the difference between the angle of refraction and the angle of incidence
  • c is the concave surface
  • the tangential line of any point is the angle between the refracting ray side and the x-axis
  • w is the maximum distance of the left and right eyes from the optical axis of the concave lens when the left and right eyes are located on the optical axis side of the concave lens
  • D is the distance of the design position from the grating
  • S +D is the distance of the first position from the grating, wherein the first position is the design position of the display panel without the lens.
  • the design location is the best place to get a 3D image. And obtaining the 3D image in the embodiment of the present invention is taken as an example at the optimal position.
  • the light emitted by the first display unit 101 of the display device is L1
  • the light emitted by the second display unit 102 is R1.
  • the light L1 emitted by the first display unit 101 and the light R1 emitted by the second display unit 102 are respectively L1' and R1' at a position where the distance grating is S+D, where L1
  • the distance from 'R1' is the interval e (about 65 mm) between the two eyes of the person, so that the left eye of the viewer receives the image of the left eye at the position where the distance of the grating is S+D, and the right eye receives the image of the right eye.
  • the viewer sees the 3D image.
  • the light L1 emitted by the first display unit 101 and the light R1 emitted by the second display unit 102 are deflected by the lens 300 as shown by the solid line.
  • the distance grating is At the position of D
  • the light emitted by the left-eye pixel and the light emitted by the right-eye pixel are L1 and R1, respectively, wherein the distance between L1 and R1 is the interval e (about 65 mm) between the two eyes of the person, so that the distance grating is At the position of D, the left eye of the viewer receives the left eye image, and the right eye receives the right eye graphic.
  • the 3D image is viewed at a closer distance.
  • a lens is taken as an example, and the lenses of the transparent regions of the grating can refer to the design principle of the lens.
  • the width of the lens 300 having a diverging effect on light may be equal to the width of each of the light transmitting regions.
  • the embodiments of the present invention are specifically illustrated by the accompanying drawings.
  • the grating 200 is of a unitary structure with a lens 300 having a diverging effect on light. That is, the grating and the lens having a converging effect on light are a unitary structure. It may be a lens that has a diverging effect on light during the fabrication of the grating. It is also possible to form a lens having a diverging effect on the light on the grating after the grating is formed.
  • the grating and the lens having a diverging effect on the light may not be a unitary structure, and for example, the grating may be attached to the surface of the grating by an adhesive or the like.
  • the embodiments of the present invention do not limit this.
  • a grating and a lens having a diverging effect on light can be formed by one patterning process.
  • a grating and a lens having a diverging effect on light can be formed by a photolithography process.
  • a transparent photoresist is coated on the surface of the grating, and the transparent photoresist is etched into a surface topography of a lens having a diverging effect on light by one exposure, development, and etching.
  • a photoresist may be formed on a glass substrate, and a photoresist retention region and a photoresist removal region may be formed by one exposure and development to remove the photoresist.
  • the area is subjected to dry etching of plasma, a concave spherical lens or a triangular prism is formed on the surface of the glass substrate, and the black Mylar sheet is attached to the original photoresist retaining area to make it opaque to form a divergent light.
  • a grating that acts on the lens is
  • the lens and the grating which have a diverging effect on the light are integrated, and the grating and the lens having the diverging effect on the light are simultaneously formed by the same material, and the lens and the grating formed with respect to different materials have good stability, the grating and The lens is not easily detached.
  • a stereoscopic display device includes a display panel, a grating, and a lens having a diverging effect on light at a position corresponding to the light transmitting region of the grating, and the first display unit and the second After the light of the display unit is refracted by the lens, the left eye receives the left eye image at a closer position, and the right eye receives the right eye image, the display device can achieve better mechanical performance on the display panel (the display panel is thicker) Next, the 3D image is viewed at a closer distance by a lens having a diverging effect on the light.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Testing, Inspecting, Measuring Of Stereoscopic Televisions And Televisions (AREA)
  • Stereoscopic And Panoramic Photography (AREA)

Abstract

一种立体显示装置，包括：显示面板（100），位于显示面板（100）出光侧的光栅（200），光栅（200）具有多个透光区（a）和多个遮光区（b），以及位于光栅（200）的每个透光区（a）的对应位置处的透镜（300）。显示面板（100）包括交替布置的多个第一显示单元（101）和多个第二显示单元（102），透镜（300）对光具有发散作用。这种立体显示装置可以近距离观看，且能够提高显示面板（100）的机械性能。

Description

立体显示装置 技术领域
本发明的实施例涉及立体显示装置。
背景技术
近年来，立体显示已经成为显示领域的一大趋势。立体显示的最基本的原理是：使人的左右眼分别接收具有视差的不同图像，然后经过大脑对不同的图像进行叠加重生，从而形成三维立体观视。
三维显示技术主要包括眼镜式和裸眼式两种，由于不需要佩戴眼镜，裸眼式三维显示越来越受到关注。现有的裸眼立体显示装置如图1所示，包括：显示面板100和光栅200。其中，显示面板100包括多个第一显示单元101和多个第二显示单元102，且第一显示单元101显示左眼图像，第二显示单元102显示右眼图像；光栅200包括遮光区和透光区，因此，光栅具有分光作用，可使人的左眼只看到左眼图像，右眼只看到右眼图像，从而产生立体感觉。
如图1所示，一般人的两只眼睛的间隔e约为65mm，人眼到光栅的视距为H，光栅到显示单元的距离为f，相邻的两个显示单元的节距为p。参照图1，△ABC和△AED相似，则p:e＝f:H，又由于显示面板形成后，相邻的两个显示单元的节距p为定值，且人的两只眼睛的间隔e为定值，则光栅到显示单元的距离f和人眼到光栅的视距H成正比，即光栅到显示单元的距离f越小，人眼到光栅的视距H就越小。而对于手机或平板电脑等移动显示设备，为了产品的轻薄化以及近距离的观看，光栅到显示单元的距离为f一般比较小，基本等于显示面板出光侧玻璃基板的厚度，大约为0.2mm，这就导致这类产品易碎、耐冲击性等机械性能不稳定，产品的安全性较差。但如果增大光栅到显示单元的距离，虽然提高了显示装置的机械性能，但人眼到光栅的视距也增大了，不利于近距离获得3D显示效果。
发明内容
本发明实施例提供了一种立体显示装置，所述立体显示装置不仅具有优秀的机械性能，还可保证在较近的距离获得3D显示效果。
本发明的实施例提供了一种立体显示装置，包括：显示面板，包括交替布置的多个第一显示单元和多个第二显示单元；光栅，位于所述显示面板出光侧且包括多个透光区和多个遮光区，其中所述显示装置在所述光栅的每个透光区的对应位置处包括对光具有发散作用的透镜。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例的技术方案，下面将对实施例的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅涉及本发明的一些实施例，而非对本发明的限制。
图1为现有的立体显示装置的原理图；
图2为本发明实施例提供的立体显示装置的示意结构图；
图3(a)和3(b)为本发明实施例提供的立体显示装置与现有的立体显示装置的效果对比示意图；
图4为本发明实施例提供的立体显示装置的光路分析图；以及
图5为本发明实施例提供的光栅的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本发明实施例的附图，对本发明实施例的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。显然，所描述的实施例是本发明的一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于所描述的本发明的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在无需创造性劳动的前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
本发明实施例提供了一种立体显示装置，如图2所示，包括：显示面板100和位于显示面板100出光侧的光栅200，其中，显示面板100包括交替布置的多个第一显示单元101和多个第二显示单元102，且第一显示单元101显示左眼图像，第二显示单元102显示右眼图像；光栅200包括透光区a和遮光区b；显示装置在对应光栅200透光区a的位置处包括对光具有发散作用的透镜300，第一显示单元101和第二显示单元102的光经透镜300发生 偏转后，左眼接收左眼图像，右眼接收右眼图像。显示装置在光栅透光区的对应位置处包括对光具有发散作用的透镜，可以是在对应光栅每个透光区的位置处分别包括一个对光具有发散作用的透镜，还可以是一个透镜对应多个透光区，在透光区的光经透镜发生偏转后，左眼接收左眼图像，右眼接收右眼图像。
示例性地，如图2所示，显示装置的第一显示单元101发出的光为L1，第二显示单元102发出的光为R1。在显示装置不添加透镜的情况下，第一显示单元101发出的光L1和第二显示单元102发出的光R1的光路如虚线所示，在距离光栅200为S+D的位置处，L1′和R1′的间距等于人两只眼睛的间隔距离，即，在距离光栅200为S+D的位置处左眼接收左眼图像右眼接收右眼图像，观看者看到3D图像。第一显示单元101发出的光L1和第二显示单元102发出的光R1经透镜300发生偏折后的光的光路为实线所示，经透镜300发生偏折后距离光栅200为D的位置处，L1和R1的间距等于人两只眼睛的间隔距离，也就是，在距离光栅200为D的位置处左眼接收左眼图像右眼接收右眼图像，观看者看到3D图像。这样，通过设置对光具有发散作用的透镜，3D图像的观看位置距离光栅位置更近。
由于光栅到显示单元的距离f和人眼到光栅的视距H成正比，光栅到显示单元的距离越小，人眼到光栅的视距就越小，则显示装置可以在增大光栅到显示单元的距离的同时，通过在光栅透光区设置对光具有发散作用的透镜，从而可以在原来视距的位置处上看到3D图像。如图3所示，图3(a)中，光栅到显示单元的距离为f1，人眼到光栅的视距为H1，第一显示单元101显示的左眼图像和第二显示单元102显示的右眼图像在H1的位置处分别被左眼和右眼接收。图3(b)中，光栅到显示单元的距离为f2，且f1＞f2，人眼到光栅的视距为H2，第一显示单元101显示的左眼图像和第二显示单元102显示的右眼图像在H2的位置处分别被左眼和右眼接收。由于图3(b)中的显示装置还包括对光具有发散作用的透镜300，第一显示单元101显示的左眼图像和第二显示单元102显示的右眼图像经透镜400发生偏转后，在H2的位置处分别被左眼和右眼接收，且可以实现H1+f1＝H2+f2。这样，在显示装置机械性能更好(显示面板更厚)的情况下，还可以在较近距离处观看3D图像。
需要说明的是，对光具有发散作用的透镜即光穿过所述透镜会被发散。其可以是如图2所示的透镜300，还可以是棱镜等，只要对光能够起到发散作用即可，本发明的实施例对此不进行限定，本发明实施例仅以图2所示的为例进行详细说明。另外，如图2所示，显示面板100包括多个第一显示单元101和多个第二显示单元102，在显示面板100的横向和纵向上(图1仅以横向为例)，第一显示单元101和第二显示单元102还可以是交替排列。
本发明的实施例提供一种立体显示装置，包括显示面板、光栅以及位于光栅的各透光区的对应位置处的对光具有发散作用的透镜，相对于不加透镜，第一显示单元和第二显示单元的光通过所述透镜折射后，在更近位置处左眼接收左眼图像，右眼接收右眼图像，则显示装置可以实现在显示面板机械性能较好(显示面板较厚)的情况下，通过对光具有发散作用的透镜而在较近距离处观看3D图像。
示例性地，可以通过增大显示面板出光侧的玻璃基板的厚度，以提高显示面板的机械性能；还可以是在玻璃基板和光栅之间添加间隔玻璃，以提高显示面板的机械性能。
可选的，显示装置在对应于光栅的每个透光区的位置处均设置有一个对光具有发散作用的透镜，对应与多个透光区的多个透镜具有相同的发散效果，也就是，每个透镜具有相同的形状，对光的偏转程度相同。当然，相邻的两个透光区或多个透光区可以对应一个透镜，但透镜在对应于两个透光区或多个透光区的每个位置处对光的发散效果相同，例如，曲率一致，从而保证各透光区的光偏转相同，本发明实施例以一个透光区对应一个透镜为例进行详细说明。
示例性地，对光具有发散作用的透镜位于光栅的出光侧。当然，对光具有发散作用的透镜还可以位于光栅和显示面板之间，且当透镜位于光栅和显示面板之间时，还可以在光栅和显示面板之间填充透明胶，以有利于固定透镜和光栅。本发明实施例及附图以对光具有发散作用的透镜位于光栅的出光侧为例进行详细说明。
可选的，如图2所示，对光具有发散作用的透镜为平凹透镜或三角棱镜。进一步的，如图2所示，对光具有发散作用的透镜300在入光侧为平面，在出光侧为凹面。
可选的，如图4所示，平凹透镜(即透镜400)的光轴经过透光区的中心点，以透光区的中心点为坐标原点(0,0)，x轴与光栅平行，y轴与光栅垂直，对光具有发散作用的透镜的凹面的任一点(x,y)满足以下条件：
nsina＝sin(a+b)；
Figure PCTCN2014094054-appb-000001
Figure PCTCN2014094054-appb-000002
Figure PCTCN2014094054-appb-000003
其中，x为凹面的任一点对应的x坐标，y为凹面的任一点对应的y坐标，n为透镜的折射率，a为入射角，b为折射角与入射角之差，c为凹面上任意一点的切线在折射光线侧与x轴的夹角，w为左右眼位于凹透镜的光轴一侧时左右眼距离所述凹透镜的光轴的最大距离，D为设计位置距离光栅的距离，S+D为第一位置距离光栅的距离，其中，第一位置为显示面板不加透镜的设计位置。设计位置为获取3D图像的最佳位置。且本发明实施例中获取3D图像均以在最佳位置为例。
当透镜满足以上条件时，如图2所示，显示装置的第一显示单元101发出的光为L1，第二显示单元102发出的光为R1。在显示装置不加透镜的情况下，第一显示单元101发出的光L1和第二显示单元102发出的光R1在距离光栅为S+D的位置处分别为L1′和R1′，其中，L1′和R1′的距离为人的两只眼睛的间隔e(约为65mm)，从而在距离光栅为S+D的位置处观看者的左眼接收左眼图像，其右眼接收右眼图形，也就是，观看者看到3D图像。第一显示单元101发出的光L1和第二显示单元102发出的光R1经透镜300发生偏折后的光路如实线所示，如图2所示，经透镜300发生偏折后在距离光栅为D的位置处，左眼像素发出的光和右眼像素发出的光分别为L1和R1，其中，L1和R1的距离为人的两只眼睛的间隔e(约为65mm)，从而在距离光栅为D的位置处观看者的左眼接收左眼图像，其右眼接收右眼图形。这样，在显示面板机械性能更好(显示面板更厚)的情况下，在较近距离处观看到3D图像。
需要说明的是，本发明实施例及附图以一个透镜为例，光栅各透光区的透镜均可以参照上述透镜的设计原理。
示例性地，如图5所示，对光具有发散作用的透镜300的宽度可以等于各透光区的宽度。本发明实施例具体以附图所示的为例。
示例性地，如图5所示，光栅200与对光具有发散作用的透镜300为一体结构。也就是，光栅和对光具有汇聚作用的透镜为一个整体结构。其可以是在形成光栅的制作过程中，形成对光具有发散作用的透镜。还可以是形成光栅之后，在光栅上形成对对光具有发散作用的透镜。
当然，在本发明的实施例中，光栅和对光具有发散作用的透镜也可以不是一体结构，例如，光栅可以通过粘附剂等贴附到光栅的表面。本发明的实施例对此不进行限定。
示例性地，可以通过一次构图工艺形成光栅以及对光具有发散作用的透镜。例如，可以通过光刻工艺形成光栅以及对光具有发散作用的透镜。
例如，形成光栅之后，在光栅表面涂布透明光刻胶，通过一次曝光、显影和刻蚀，将透明光刻胶刻蚀为对光具有发散作用的透镜的表面形貌。
通过光刻的工艺形成光栅以及对光具有发散作用的透镜，可以是在玻璃基板上形成光刻胶，通过一次曝光、显影形成光刻胶保留区域和光刻胶去除区域，对光刻胶去除区域进行等离子的干法刻蚀，在玻璃基板表面形成凹进的球形透镜或三角棱镜，再在原来光刻胶保留区域贴附黑色麦拉片，使其不透光，以形成对光具有发散作用透镜的光栅。
这样形成的对光具有发散作用的透镜和光栅为一体结构，且光栅和对光具有发散作用的透镜是由同一材料同时形成，相对于不同材料形成的透镜和光栅，其稳定性好，光栅和透镜不易脱离。
本发明实施例提供的一种立体显示装置，包括显示面板、光栅以及位于光栅的对应透光区的位置处的对光具有发散作用的透镜，相对于不加透镜，第一显示单元和第二显示单元的光通过所述透镜折射后，在更近位置处左眼接收左眼图像，右眼接收右眼图像，则显示装置可以实现在显示面板机械性能较好(显示面板较厚)的情况下，通过对光具有发散作用的透镜以在较近距离处观看3D图像。
以上所述，仅为本发明的具体实施方式，但本发明的保护范围并不局限 于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。因此，本发明的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。
本申请要求于2014年9月12日递交的中国专利申请第201410466831.8号的优先权，在此全文引用上述中国专利申请公开的内容以作为本申请的一部分。

Claims (11)

  1. 一种立体显示装置，包括：
    显示面板，包括交替布置的多个第一显示单元和多个第二显示单元；
    光栅，位于所述显示面板出光侧且包括多个透光区和多个遮光区，
    其中所述显示装置在所述光栅的每个透光区的对应位置处包括对光具有发散作用的透镜。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的立体显示装置，其中所述对光具有发散作用的透镜为平凹透镜或三角棱镜。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的立体显示装置，其中所述平凹透镜或所述三角棱镜的入光侧为平面，出光侧为凹面。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的立体显示装置，其中所述平凹透镜的光轴经过对应所述透光区的中心点，以所述透光区的中心点为坐标原点(0,0)，x轴与光栅平行，y轴与所述光栅垂直，所述平凹透镜的凹面上任一点(x,y)满足以下条件：
    nsina＝sin(a+b)；
    Figure PCTCN2014094054-appb-100001
    Figure PCTCN2014094054-appb-100002
    Figure PCTCN2014094054-appb-100003
    其中，x为该点的x坐标，y为该点的y坐标，n为透镜的折射率，a为入射角，b为折射角与入射角之差，c为该点的切线在折射光线侧与x轴的夹角，w为左右眼位于平凹透镜的光轴一侧时左右眼距离所述平凹透镜的光轴的最大距离，D为设计位置距离所述光栅的距离，S+D为第一位置距离所述光栅的距离，其中，第一位置为所述显示面板不加透镜的设计位置。
  5. 根据权利要求1-4中任一项所述的立体显示装置，其中所述显示装置在所述光栅的每个透光区的对应位置处分别包括一个对光具有发散作用的透镜。
  6. 根据权利要求1-4中任一项所述的立体显示装置，其中所述对光具有发散作用的透镜位于所述光栅的出光侧。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的立体显示装置，其中所述对光具有发散作用的透镜的宽度等于每个所述透光区的宽度。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的立体显示装置，其中所述光栅与所述对光具有发散作用的透镜为一体结构。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的立体显示装置，其中通过一次构图工艺所述光栅以及所述对光具有发散作用的透镜的光栅。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的立体显示装置，其中所述光栅和所述对光具有发散作用的透镜为相同材料。
  11. 根据权利要求1-4中任一项所述的立体显示装置，其中所述透镜位于所述光栅与所述显示面板之间。
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