WO2016013385A1 - 擦弦楽器 - Google Patents
擦弦楽器 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2016013385A1 WO2016013385A1 PCT/JP2015/069257 JP2015069257W WO2016013385A1 WO 2016013385 A1 WO2016013385 A1 WO 2016013385A1 JP 2015069257 W JP2015069257 W JP 2015069257W WO 2016013385 A1 WO2016013385 A1 WO 2016013385A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- main body
- receiver
- protrusion
- fingerboard
- contact
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10D—STRINGED MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; WIND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACCORDIONS OR CONCERTINAS; PERCUSSION MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; AEOLIAN HARPS; SINGING-FLAME MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10D3/00—Details of, or accessories for, stringed musical instruments, e.g. slide-bars
- G10D3/18—Chin-rests, hand-rests, shoulder rests or guards being removable from, or integral with the instrument
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- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10D—STRINGED MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; WIND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACCORDIONS OR CONCERTINAS; PERCUSSION MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; AEOLIAN HARPS; SINGING-FLAME MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10D1/00—General design of stringed musical instruments
- G10D1/02—Bowed or rubbed string instruments, e.g. violins or hurdy-gurdies
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a bowed musical instrument, and more particularly to a bowed musical instrument that generates sound by rubbing a bow or the like with a string.
- Violins that are widely used in dance music and concertos are well known as bowed instruments that generate sound by rubbing strings with a bow.
- violins have very few players compared to stringed instruments such as guitars.
- the tail of the violin 1000 is generally placed on the left shoulder 1002, the tail of the violin is sandwiched between the left shoulder 1002 and the chin 1004, and further the violin is held with the left hand 1006. It is necessary to learn a basic posture for gripping the neck 1008 of the user. In the above basic posture, the neck 1008 is grasped by the left hand 1006 while the violin tail is supported by the left shoulder 1002 and the jaw 1004 as described above, and a string (for example, the string 1010) is pushed by the left finger 1016 to generate a sound. It is generally very difficult to maintain a stable posture because of the need to be high.
- the left hand 1006 holding the neck 1008 of the violin 1000 is in a state of being largely warped and twisted, so that the joint portion of the left hand 1006 is within its range of motion.
- the limit is almost reached. Therefore, for adults with stiff joints, for example, to move the left finger 1016 accurately from one string 1010 to another string 1011 to change the pitch, except when trained from an early age, It is no exaggeration to say that it is almost impossible.
- the bow 1012 when playing the violin 1000, the bow 1012 must be held with the right hand 1014, and the desired string must be rubbed with the bow 1012.
- a bass string eg, string 1020
- a treble string eg, string 1024
- the bow needs to be moved in the second direction 1026. Therefore, if the musical piece to be played includes the pitch of the string 1020 and the pitch of the string 1024, the right arm handling the bow must be moved up and down by ⁇ degrees or more. In order to accurately change the pitch by such an operation while maintaining the basic posture, a considerable skill is required, and a long learning period is required for skill acquisition.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above problems of the prior art, and an object of the present invention is to provide a bowed instrument that can be stably held and can operate a bow and a string without difficulty. .
- a bowed instrument that can be stably held and can operate a bow and a string without difficulty.
- the stringed instrument includes a main body, a shoulder pad connected to the main body, a main body receiver disposed below the main body to receive a load of the main body, and the main body while allowing the main body to slide along a spherical surface. And a movable connecting portion for connecting the main body receiver to each other.
- the main body includes a fingerboard, a plurality of strings extending on the fingerboard, and a pair of pieces that support the plurality of strings and stretch the strings on the fingerboard.
- the main body is slidable along the spherical surface by the movable connecting portion, so that the player can keep the angle of the arm (for example, the right arm) for operating the bow substantially constant even when changing the string to be rubbed. Can do. Further, the player can hold the bowed instrument stably even in the sitting state by the main body receiver. Therefore, it becomes possible to perform easily compared with a violin.
- a bowed instrument that can be stably held and can operate a bow and a string without difficulty.
- the stringed instrument includes a main body, a shoulder pad connected to the main body, a main body receiver disposed below the main body to receive a load of the main body, and the main body around the main body receiver around at least one axis.
- a movable connecting portion that connects the main body and the main body receiver to each other while being rotatable is provided.
- the main body includes a fingerboard, a plurality of strings extending on the fingerboard, and a pair of pieces that support the plurality of strings and stretch the strings on the fingerboard.
- the main body is rotatable about at least one axis with respect to the main body receiver by the movable connecting portion, the player can use the arm (for example, the right arm) to operate the bow even when changing the string to be rubbed.
- the angle can be kept substantially constant. Further, the player can hold the bowed instrument stably even in the sitting state by the main body receiver. Therefore, it becomes possible to perform easily compared with a violin.
- the movable connecting portion may connect the main body and the main body receiver to each other while making the main body rotatable along a curved surface.
- the rotation range of the main body relative to the main body receiver can be expanded.
- the movable connecting portion may connect the main body and the main body receiver to each other by magnetic force. Thereby, attachment and detachment of a main body and a main body support become easy.
- the movable connecting portion may include a protrusion provided on one of the main body and the main body receiver, and a protrusion receiver that receives the protrusion.
- the protruding portion receiver is provided on the other of the main body and the main body receiver.
- One of the protrusion and the protrusion receiver can be a magnet, and the other of the protrusion and the protrusion receiver can be a magnetic body.
- the said movable connection part may be comprised so that the said main body and the said main body receiver may be mutually connected, when the said protrusion part and the said protrusion part receiver mutually engage. Moreover, you may provide the liner interposed between the said protrusion part and the said protrusion part receiver in at least one of the said protrusion part and the said protrusion part receiver. Thereby, the noise which arises when the said main body moves along the spherical surface of the said protrusion part can be reduced.
- the stringed instrument includes a spacing portion that is disposed on the opposite side of the fingerboard with respect to the plurality of strings and that is spaced from the fingerboard, and at least two coupling portions that couple the main body and the spacing portion. Furthermore, you may provide. As a result, an annular structure is formed in the main body, and the tension generated by the stretched string is dispersed, so that the main body can be prevented from warping due to the tension.
- the main body may further include at least one pitch reference portion for grasping a pitch at a position adjacent to any one of the plurality of strings on the fingerboard.
- the pitch reference portion may be configured not to contact the adjacent string when the adjacent string is pressed.
- the pitch reference portion may be formed by a protrusion protruding from the fingerboard. With such protrusions, the pitch position can be grasped not only visually but also tactilely.
- the main body receiver may have a contact portion that can contact the player's thigh.
- a bowed instrument can be installed even on a curved surface such as the thigh of a player who is seated.
- the abutting portion may include at least two rod-like bodies.
- the contact portion may have a contact portion that contacts at least three points on the player's thigh.
- the contact portion may have a contact surface that makes surface contact with at least a part of the player's thigh.
- the body support can be brought into surface contact with at least a part of the thigh of the player who is seated, so that the bowed instrument can be stably installed even on a curved surface such as the thigh of the player who is seated. it can.
- the abutting portion may be formed such that the bottom portion is in contact with the same surface. In this case, even if it is a plane like a desk, for example, a bowed instrument can be installed stably.
- the main body receiver may include a fixed portion that can be fixed to the player, and a fixed connection portion that connects the fixed portion and the movable connecting portion. Thereby, even if the player is standing, the bowed instrument can be played with a stable posture.
- the player can keep the angle of the arm (for example, the right arm) for operating the bow substantially constant even when changing the string to be rubbed. Further, the player can hold the bowed instrument stably even in the sitting state by the main body receiver. Therefore, the player can operate the bow and the string without difficulty while stably holding the stringed instrument according to the present invention.
- the arm for example, the right arm
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a basic posture when playing a violin.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram for explaining the movement of the bow when rubbing the high and low strings of a violin with a bow.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing a bowed instrument in the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a front view of the bowed instrument shown in FIG.
- FIG. 5 is a right side view of the bowed musical instrument shown in FIG. 6 is a bottom view of the bowed musical instrument shown in FIG.
- FIG. 7 is an enlarged view showing the vicinity of the movable connecting portion of the bowed musical instrument shown in FIG.
- FIG. 8 is a front view showing the main body receiver and the projecting portion of the movable connecting portion in the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 9 is a side view of the main body receiver and the protrusion shown in FIG.
- FIG. 10 is a plan view of the main body receiver and the protrusion shown in FIG.
- FIG. 11 is a front view showing a modified example of the main body receiver shown in FIG.
- FIG. 12 is an enlarged view showing a modified example of the movable connecting portion shown in FIG.
- FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram for explaining the sliding state of the main body when playing the bowed instrument shown in FIG.
- FIG. 14 is a perspective view showing a modified example of the main body receiver shown in FIG. FIG.
- FIG. 15 is a front view of the main body receiver and the protrusion shown in FIG.
- FIG. 16 is a front view showing the main body and shoulder rest of the bowed musical instrument in the second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram showing a pitch reference portion of the bowed instrument shown in FIG.
- FIG. 18 is a perspective view showing the main body receiver and the projecting portion of the movable connecting portion in the third embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 19 is a perspective view showing the main body receiver and the projecting portion of the movable connecting portion in the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 20 is a plan view of the main body receiver and the protrusion shown in FIG.
- FIG. 21 is a right side view of the main body receiver and the protrusion shown in FIG. FIG.
- FIG. 22 is a schematic diagram showing a state in which a bowed instrument is played according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 23 is a side view showing a bowed instrument in the fifth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 24 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a movable connecting portion in the sixth embodiment of the present invention.
- 25 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG.
- FIG. 26 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the movable connecting portion in the seventh embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 27 is a schematic view showing the movable connecting portion in the eighth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 28 is a schematic view showing a main body and a shoulder pad in an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the stringed instrument 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 4 is a front view
- FIG. 5 is a right side view
- FIG. 6 is a bottom view.
- the stringed instrument 1 according to the present embodiment is provided with a main body 102, a shoulder pad 103 connected above the main body 102, and a lower part of the main body 102 to receive the load of the main body 102.
- a main body receiver 106 (not shown in FIGS. 4 and 6) and a movable connecting portion 107 (not shown in FIGS. 4 and 6) for connecting the main body 102 and the main body receiver 106 to each other are provided.
- the main body 102 includes a fingerboard 105, a plurality of strings 104 extending on the fingerboard 105, and a plurality of strings 104 supported on the fingerboard 105 by supporting the plurality of strings 104.
- An upper piece 108 and a lower piece 109, which are a pair of pieces to be laid, and a bending portion 111 provided above the finger plate 105 of the main body 102 are provided.
- the bending portion 111 and the shoulder pad 103 are omitted.
- each string 104 is inserted into a string insertion hole 112 disposed above the upper piece 108, and a ball end (not shown) provided at one end of the string 104 is inserted into the string. It is fixed by being locked in the hole 112.
- the other end of the string 104 is wound around a peg 110 installed below the lower piece 109.
- the tension of the stretched string 104 is adjusted by adjusting the degree of winding of the one end around the peg 110.
- the pitch of the sound produced when the string 104 is rubbed can be adjusted.
- the upper piece 108 is configured to be movable in the longitudinal direction of the finger plate 105. After the upper piece 108 is moved to a desired position, the upper piece 108 is fixed to the main body 102 by the bolt 170. Has been.
- the shoulder rest 103 is installed at the tip of the bending portion 111 provided above the finger plate 105 of the main body 102. Therefore, by adjusting the degree of bending of the bending portion 111 and the length of the bending portion 111, the shoulder rest 103 can be applied to the shoulder portion 130 (see FIG. 3) that is most easily played by the player.
- FIG. 7 is an enlarged schematic view of the vicinity of the movable connecting portion 107.
- the movable connecting portion 107 in the present embodiment includes a protruding portion 114 provided on the upper portion of the main body receiver 106 and a protruding portion receiver 113 provided on the bottom of the main body 102.
- 8 is a front view showing the main body receiver 106 and the protruding portion 114 of the movable connecting portion 107
- FIG. 9 is a side view
- FIG. 10 is a plan view.
- the main body receiver 106 is a bridge that bridges a contact portion 115 constituted by two rod-shaped bodies and a middle portion in the longitudinal direction of the two contact portions 115. Part 116.
- the bridging portion 116 is curved so as to have a convex shape upward.
- the two contact portions 115 are connected to both ends of the bridging portion 116 and are directed in the same direction.
- the main body support 106 is brought into contact with the seated player's thigh 160 so that the direction in which the seated player's thigh 160 extends matches the longitudinal direction of the contact portion 115. Accordingly, the bowed instrument 1 can be fixed to the player's thigh 160 even on a curved surface such as the player's thigh 160 seated.
- the contact portion 115 is configured such that the bottom portions 117 of the two contact portions 115 are in contact with the same surface. Accordingly, the bowed instrument 1 can be stably installed even on a flat surface such as a desk.
- an elastic member 151 such as a sponge may be attached to the outer peripheral surface of the contact portion 115. If such an elastic member 151 is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the contact portion 115, the elastic member 151 acts as a cushion to sandwich and tighten the player's thigh 160. Can be fixed to the thigh 160 of the thigh.
- the protruding portion 114 of the movable connecting portion 107 is disposed at the central top portion of the bridging portion 116 of the main body receiver 106.
- the protrusion 114 is made of, for example, an iron ball that is a magnetic material, and the protrusion receiver 113 (see FIGS. 6 and 7) corresponding to the protrusion 114 has a hemispherical surface corresponding to the spherical surface of the protrusion 114. It is comprised by the magnet which has.
- the main body 102 and the main body receiver 106 are detachably connected to each other by a magnetic force generated between the magnet of the protruding portion receiver 113 and the iron ball of the protruding portion 114.
- the main body 102 protrudes in a state where it is connected to the main body receiver 106. It can move freely at any angle along the spherical surface of the portion 114.
- the material used for the protrusion 114 is not limited to iron and may be a magnetic material, but a ferromagnetic material is particularly preferable.
- a ferromagnetic material is particularly preferable.
- cobalt, nickel, gadolinium, or the like is particularly preferable as a ferromagnetic material other than iron.
- a liner 118 that covers the hemispherical surface of the protruding portion receiver 113 is provided on the protruding portion receiver 113 of the movable connecting portion 107, and the protruding portion 114 of the movable connecting portion 107 is covered with the spherical surface of the protruding portion 114.
- a liner 119 may be provided.
- Such a liner 118, 119 is interposed between the protruding portion receiver 113 and the protruding portion 114, so that the movable connecting portion 107 becomes smooth. Therefore, noise generated when the main body 102 moves along the spherical surface of the protruding portion 114. Can be reduced.
- Such liners 118 and 119 may be made of, for example, plastic such as polyethylene having a smooth outer surface or ceramic. Further, such a liner may be provided only on one of the protruding portion receiver 113 and the protruding portion 114.
- FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram for explaining a sliding state of the main body 102 when the bowed musical instrument 1 is played.
- the position of the main body 102 when rubbing the high tone string 104a with a bow is indicated by a solid line
- the position of the main body 102 when rubbing the low tone string 104b with a bow is indicated by a broken line.
- the main body 102 is slidable with respect to the main body receiver 106 by the movable connecting portion 107.
- FIG. 2 the main body 102 is slid by ⁇ ° around the vertical axis.
- the direction of moving the bow when rubbing the high tone string 104a (hereinafter referred to as the chord direction) 130a and the chord direction 130b when rubbing the low tone string 104b are the same direction. Therefore, the player of the bowed musical instrument 1 can move the bow by moving the main body 102 around the vertical axis by ⁇ ° regardless of which of the plurality of strings 104 is to be rubbed with the bow. For example, the angle of the right arm) can be kept substantially constant. Further, as shown in FIG. 3, the stringed instrument 1 can be stably held by the main body receiver 106 even in the sitting state. In this way, the bow and string can be operated without difficulty by sliding or rotating the main body 102 of the bowed instrument 1, and the bowed instrument 1 can be played more easily than a violin.
- the main body receiver 106 has one bridging portion 116, but the main body receiver 106 may have two or more bridging portions 116. Further, in the present embodiment, the main body receiver 106 has the two contact portions 115, but may have three or more contact portions 115. In the present embodiment, the two contact portions 115 extend in parallel, but the contact portions 115 do not necessarily extend in parallel.
- the movable connecting portion 107 includes the protruding portion 114 formed of a magnetic material (for example, iron) and the protruding portion receiver 113 formed of a magnet.
- the movable connecting portion 107 is formed of a magnet.
- the protrusion 114 and the protrusion receiver 113 formed of a magnetic material (for example, iron) may be used.
- the form of the projecting portion 114 of the movable connecting portion 107 is not limited to a sphere, and the projecting portion receiver 113 does not need to have a hemispherical shape correspondingly.
- the protruding portion 114 and the protruding portion receiver 113 can be formed into arbitrary shapes.
- the protrusion 114 may be a sphere, and the protrusion receiver 113 may have a tube shape having an end that can contact the surface of the sphere of the protrusion 114.
- the main body 102 can be freely moved at any angle along the spherical surface of the protruding portion 114 by sliding contact between the spherical surface of the protruding portion 114 and the hemispherical surface of the protruding portion receiver 113.
- the shape of the protrusion 114 and the protrusion receiver 113 can be changed so as to rotate around one axis. Even in such a case, the bowed instrument 1 can be stably held, and the bowed instrument 1 can be played more easily than a violin.
- the main body receiver 106 is provided with the protruding portion 114 and the main body 102 is provided with the protruding portion receiver 113 has been described. May be provided. Furthermore, as long as the main body 102 is slidably or pivotably connected to the main body receiver 106, it is not always necessary to provide the protrusion 114 or the protrusion receiver 113.
- FIG. 14 is a perspective view showing a modification of the main body receiver 106 described above
- FIG. 15 is a front view.
- the main body receiver 906 in this modified example bridges the two contact portions 915 having the end portions 915A and 915B and the end portions 915A of the two contact portions 915, respectively.
- Each contact portion 915 is curved upward.
- the bridging portion 916 has a substantially U shape that is inclined toward the center in the longitudinal direction of the abutting portion 915, and a protruding portion 114 is provided at the central top of the bridging portion 916.
- the main body receiver 906 has a symmetrical structure with respect to the center of the protruding portion 114. Further, the protruding portion 114 is located between the two contact portions 915 and above the center of the contact portion 915 in the longitudinal direction.
- each contact portion 915 is curved upward, the contact portion 915 of the main body receiver 906 has at least four points (contact portion) of the two end portions 915A and the two end portions 915B. ),
- the main body support 906 can be stably fixed to the player's thigh.
- an example has been described in which the contact portion 915 of the main body receiver 906 contacts the player's thigh at at least four points of the two end portions 915A and the two end portions 915B, but is not limited thereto. If it has a contact portion that contacts at least three points, the main body receiver 906 can be stably fixed to the player's thigh on a plane defined by these three points.
- a belt-like member may be wound around the longitudinal center of the two contact portions 915 to fix the main body receiver 906 to the player's thigh.
- the main body receiver 906 can be more stably fixed to the player's thigh.
- Such a belt-like member can also be used for the main body receiver 106 of the first embodiment.
- FIG. 16 is a front view showing the main body 102 and the shoulder rest 103 of the bowed musical instrument 2 in the second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 16 since four strings 104 are stretched on the finger plate 105 of the main body 102, there are three interstring portions (a first interstring portion 202, a second interstring portion 203, and a first interstring portion 104). 3 inter-string portions 204) are formed.
- a plurality of pitch guide portions 201 for grasping the pitch are provided in each of the first inter-string portion 202 and the second inter-string portion 203 on the fingerboard 105.
- one pitch guide portion 201 in the first inter-string portion 202 and the corresponding pitch guide portion 201 in the second inter-string portion 203 are arranged at substantially the same distance from the upper piece 108.
- a pitch guide part 201 is provided for each distance in which the pitch changes by a semitone.
- the pitch guide portion 201 is provided in the inter-string portion, and therefore does not come into contact with the string when the string is pressed. For this reason, it is possible to obtain a musical sound utilizing the characteristics of a non-fret musical instrument such as a violin.
- the pitch guideline portion 201 is provided in the two interstring portions of the first interstring portion 202 and the second interstring portion 203, and therefore, in one interstring portion. As compared with the case where only the pitch reference portion 201 is provided, it is easier to visually grasp the pitch position.
- the pitch reference portion 201 may be configured by forming a protrusion 205 on the finger plate 105 using, for example, a nail.
- the pitch position can be grasped not only visually but also tactilely.
- the height D 1 from the finger plate 105 to the top of the projection 205 is very small compared to the height D 2 from the finger plate 105 to the string 104.
- the pitch guide part 201 and the string 104 do not contact each other like a fret and a string in a guitar. Therefore, it is possible to obtain a musical sound utilizing the characteristics of a non-fret musical instrument such as a violin.
- the pitch standard part 201 is installed only in the first inter-string part 202 and the second inter-string part 203, but in order to make it easier to visually grasp the pitch, or in terms of design.
- a pitch guide part 201 may be further provided in the third inter-string part 204.
- the pitch guide portion 201 may be configured by adhering a material such as rubber to the finger plate 105 to form the protrusion 205.
- the pitch guide portion 201 may be configured by marking applied to a desired position on the fingerboard 105 without forming the protrusion 205.
- FIG. 18 is a perspective view showing the main body receiver 306 and the protrusion 114 in the third embodiment of the present invention.
- the main body receiver 306 of this embodiment is configured by a drum bridge-shaped contact portion 301.
- the contact portion 301 has a curved surface 302 and a curved back surface 303 that are curved so as to be convex upward.
- the curved surface 302 and the curved back surface 303 extend in one direction, and the contact portion 301 has a tunnel shape.
- a protruding portion 114 of the movable connecting portion 107 is installed at the central top portion of the curved surface 302. Further, the two lower edges 304 of the curved back surface 303 are formed so as to be in contact with each other on the same plane.
- the main body receiver 306 by forming the curved shape of the curved back surface 303 of the main body receiver 306 so as to correspond to the seated player's thigh, the main body receiver 306 can be brought into surface contact with the seated player's thigh. . That is, the curved back surface 303 in the present embodiment functions as a contact surface that makes surface contact with at least a part of the player's thigh. By forming such a contact surface on the contact portion 301, the bowed musical instrument 1 can be fixed to the thigh of the player who is seated.
- the two lower edge portions 304 of the curved back surface 303 are formed so as to be in contact with the same plane, for example, a bowed instrument can be stably installed even on a plane such as a desk.
- the protruding portion 114 may be installed at a portion other than the central top portion of the curved surface 302.
- the abutment portion 301 of the main body receiver 306 in this embodiment has a tunnel shape, but it has any shape as long as it is configured to be in surface contact with at least a part of the player's thigh. It may be.
- FIG. 19 is a perspective view showing the main body receiver 406 and the protrusion 114 in the fourth embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 20 is a plan view
- FIG. 21 is a right side view.
- the main body receiver 406 in the present embodiment has a belt-like fixing portion 401 that can be fixed to the player, and a fixed connection that connects the fixing portion 401 and the protruding portion 114 of the movable connecting portion.
- the fixed connection portion 402 has a branching structure so that it can be connected to the fixed portion 401 at two locations in front of the player. Due to this branching structure, the fixed connection portion 402 is fixed by branching from a first connection portion 403 that linearly connects the protruding portion 114 and the fixed portion 401, and an intermediate portion in the longitudinal direction of the first connection portion 403. And a second connection unit 404 connected to the unit 401.
- the main body so that the direction in which the first connection portion 403 of the fixed connection portion 402 extends is orthogonal to the standing direction of the player.
- the receiver 406 By attaching the receiver 406 to the player, the bottom of the main body 102 can be supported by the main receiver 406 even when the player is standing. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 22, if the upper portion of the main body 102 is further supported by the shoulder pad 103, the stringed instrument 4 can be played with a stable posture even in a standing state.
- the main body receiver 406 in this embodiment has one connection portion. Can support the main body 102 more stably as compared with the case where is connected to the fixed portion 401.
- the strap 410 (not shown in FIGS. 20 and 21) is attached to the side of the fixing unit 401 opposite to the side where the fixed connection unit 402 is provided. As shown in FIG. 22, the strap 410 can be connected to the shoulder rest 103, and the stringed instrument 4 can be held more stably by connecting the strap 410 to the shoulder rest 103 during performance. Become.
- the fixed connection portion 402 has one branch structure and is connected to the fixed portion 401 at two locations.
- the number of connection locations with the fixed portion 401 is not limited to two.
- it may be connected to the fixing portion 401 at three locations, or may be connected to the fixing portion 401 at more locations. .
- the fixed connection portion 402 is joined to the fixed portion 401.
- the fixed connection portion 402 may be connected to the fixed portion 401 by a magnetic force. That is, by attaching a magnet to one of the fixed portion 401 and the fixed connection portion 402 and attaching a magnetic material such as iron to the other, the two can be connected by magnetic force.
- the main body receiver 406 in the present embodiment has the belt-like fixing portion 401, but the fixing portion may be configured to be attachable to a belt that is passed through the player's trousers.
- FIG. 23 is a side view showing the bowed musical instrument 5 in the fifth embodiment of the present invention.
- the stringed musical instrument 5 includes a main body 502, a separation portion 501 that extends away from the string 104 on the opposite side of the fingerboard 105, and a connection between the main body 502 and the separation portion 501.
- the first connecting part 510 and the second connecting part 503 are provided.
- an opening 504 is formed by the separation portion 501, the first connection portion 510, the main body 502 facing the separation portion 501, and the second connection portion 503. Due to the annular structure of the main body 502 generated by the opening 504, the tension generated by the stretched string 104 is distributed to the separation portion 501 via the first connection portion 510 and the second connection portion 503, and thus the main body 502. Can be prevented from warping due to the tension.
- the main body 502, the separation part 501, the 1st connection part 510, and the 2nd connection part 503 are integrally molded from a viewpoint of improving the rigidity with respect to the said tension
- a collet 507 is attached to the first connecting portion 510.
- a rod 508 extends from the shoulder rest 103, and the shoulder rest 103 is connected to the main body 502 by gripping the rod 508 with the collet 507.
- the shoulder rest 103 and the main body 502 are connected using the collet 507, but the shoulder rest 103 is connected to the main body 502 using other connecting members (for example, bolts, screws, and nuts). May be.
- the shoulder rest 103 may be connected to the main body 102 using a connecting member such as the collet 507 in the present embodiment.
- the substantially elliptical opening 504 is formed between the separating portion 501 and the main body 502, but the separating portion 501 and the connection are formed so that a triangular or semicircular opening is formed.
- the units 510 and 503 may be configured. Further, the number of connecting portions is not limited to two, and three or more connecting portions may be provided.
- FIG. 24 is a longitudinal sectional view schematically showing the movable connecting portion 607 in the sixth embodiment of the present invention.
- 25 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG.
- the movable connecting portion 607 in the present embodiment is formed on the projecting portion 601 disposed at the central top portion of the bridging portion 116 of the main body receiver 106 in the first embodiment and on the bottom portion of the main body 602. And a protrusion receiver 620.
- the protruding portion 601 includes a cylindrical insertion portion 603 extending upward from the bridging portion 116 of the main body receiver 106, and an engagement portion 604 formed above the insertion portion 603. It is out.
- the cross section in the plane orthogonal to the vertical direction of the insertion part 603 is a perfect circle.
- the cross section in the plane orthogonal to the perpendicular direction of the engaging part 604 is a square.
- the protruding portion receiver 620 includes an insertion port 605 formed at the bottom of the main body 602, and a storage portion 608 formed above the insertion port 605 and inside the main body 602. It is out.
- the cross section in the plane orthogonal to the vertical direction of the insertion port 605 is a perfect circle, and the cross section in the plane orthogonal to the vertical direction of the accommodating part 608 is a square.
- 24 and 25 show a state where the insertion portion 603, the insertion port 605, the engagement portion 604, and the accommodation portion 608 are arranged so as to have a common center point 609.
- FIG. 24 and 25 show a state where the insertion portion 603, the insertion port 605, the engagement portion 604, and the accommodation portion 608 are arranged so as to have a common center point 609.
- the radius R 1 of the cross section in the plane orthogonal to the vertical direction of the insertion portion 603, the radius R 2 of the cross section in the plane orthogonal to the vertical direction of the insertion port 605, and the vertical direction of the engagement portion 604 The length L 3 of one side of the cross section in the plane to be aligned and the length L 4 of one side of the cross section in the plane orthogonal to the vertical direction of the housing portion 608 are L 4 > L 3 > R 2 > R 1 . Further, as shown in FIG. 24, the height H 2 of the height H 1 and the insertion opening 605 of the insertion portion 603 has a H 1> H 2.
- the height H 4 of the height H 3 of the engaging portion 604 accommodating portion 608 has a H 4> H 3. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 24, the protruding portion 601 and the protruding portion receiver 620 in this embodiment can be fitted to each other with a certain gap. Further, as shown in FIG. 25, one corner to 611 length R 4, the length R 3 from the center point 609 to the one corner 610 of the engaging portion 604 of the housing portion 608 from the center point 609 , R 4 > R 3 . Further, the movable connecting portion 607 in the present embodiment is configured so that L 4 and R 3 satisfy L 4 > 2 ⁇ R 3 (see FIG. 25).
- the main body 602 is connected to the main body receiver 106 by the engagement between the engaging portion 604 of the protruding portion 601 and the accommodating portion 608 of the protruding portion receiver 620.
- the insertion portion 603 has a cylindrical shape extending upward from the bridging portion 116 of the main body receiver 106, and a certain amount of gap is formed between the protruding portion 601 and the protruding portion receiver 620. Has been. Therefore, the main body 602 is slidably in contact with the cylindrical surface of the insertion portion 603 of the protruding portion 601 and the cylindrical surface of the insertion port 605 while being connected to the main body receiver 106.
- the main body 602 is freely rotated around the insertion portion 603 extending in the vertical direction along the outer peripheral curved surface of the insertion portion 603 of the protrusion 601 in a state where the main body 602 is connected to the main body receiver 106. Is possible.
- the movable connecting portion 607 can be configured such that a cross section in a plane orthogonal to the vertical direction of the engaging portion 604 and / or a cross section in a plane orthogonal to the vertical direction of the accommodating portion 608 is a perfect circle.
- FIG. 26 is a longitudinal sectional view schematically showing the movable connecting portion 707 in the seventh embodiment of the present invention.
- the movable connecting portion 707 in the present embodiment is formed on the projecting portion 701 disposed at the central top portion of the bridging portion 116 of the main body receiver 106 in the first embodiment and on the bottom portion of the main body 702. And a protrusion receiver 720.
- the protruding portion 701 includes a cylindrical insertion portion 703 extending upward from the bridging portion 116 of the main body receiver 106, and a spherical engagement portion 704 formed above the insertion portion 703. It is out.
- the protruding portion receiver 720 includes an insertion port 705 formed in the bottom portion of the main body 702 and a storage portion 708 formed in the main body 702 above the insertion port 705.
- the accommodating portion 708 has a spherical surface 709 corresponding to the outer peripheral surface of the sphere of the engaging portion 704.
- the main body 702 is connected to the main body receiver 106 by the engagement between the engaging portion 704 of the protruding portion 701 and the accommodating portion 708 of the protruding portion receiver 720.
- the accommodating portion 708 has a spherical surface 709 corresponding to the outer peripheral surface of the sphere of the engaging portion 704, and a certain amount of gap is formed between the protruding portion 701 and the protruding portion receiver 720. Accordingly, the main body 702 is slidably in contact with the spherical surface of the engaging portion 704 of the protruding portion 701 and the spherical surface 709 of the housing portion 708 in a state where the main body 702 is connected to the main body receiver 106.
- the main body 702 can be freely moved at any angle along the spherical surface of the engaging portion 704 of the protruding portion 701 in a state where the main body 702 is connected to the main body receiver 106.
- FIG. 27 is a schematic diagram showing the movable connecting portion 807 in the eighth embodiment of the present invention.
- the movable connecting portion 807 in the present embodiment includes an annular bearing 813 embedded in the main body 802 and a universal joint (universal joint) 814 that connects the bearing 813 and the bridging portion 116 of the main body receiver 106.
- the universal joint 814 includes a cylindrical first joint 820 fitted in the opening of the bearing 813 and a cylindrical second joint 821 fixed to the central top of the bridging portion 116 of the main body receiver 106. It is out.
- the universal joint 814 includes a first shaft 822 installed at an end opposite to the end fitted to the bearing 813 of the first joint 820 and a second shaft fixed to the bridging portion 116. And a second shaft 823 installed at the end opposite to the joint 821.
- the main body 802 can rotate with respect to the main body receiver 106 about the first shaft 822, can rotate about the second shaft 823, and the bearing 813 It can be rotated around the central axis.
- the movable connecting portion 807 in this embodiment is connected to the main body receiver 106 while allowing the main body 802 to rotate about three axes with respect to the main body receiver 106.
- the bearing 813 is embedded in the main body 802, and the second joint 821 is fixed to the main body receiver 106.
- the bearing 813 is installed in the main body receiver 106, and the second joint 821 is installed in the main body 802. May be.
- the first joint 820 is preferably formed in a cylindrical shape.
- the string 104 of the bowed musical instrument 1 of the present invention may be fixed as follows, for example.
- the string 104 may be fixed by two pegs 110 provided at the upper part of the upper piece 108 and the lower part of the lower piece 109. Further, the string 104 may be fixed by a peg 110 provided in the upper part of the upper piece 108 and a string insertion hole 112 provided in the lower part of the lower piece 109.
- strings 104 are shown as being stretched, but the number of strings 104 to be stretched may be adjusted according to the sound range emitted by the bowed musical instrument 1.
- the number of strings to be stretched can be two or three, or five or more.
- the shape of the shoulder pad 103 in the above-described embodiment is represented as a sphere, the shape of the shoulder pad 103 is changed to a flat shape or a curved shape so that the player can easily perform or from a design viewpoint. Also good. Further, the shoulder pad 103 is not limited to the one that touches the player's shoulder, and may be provided in a substantially bowl shape so that it can be hung on the player's shoulder, for example.
- main body of the bowed musical instrument of the present invention can be changed into various shapes.
- a main body 92 as shown in FIG. 28 may be used.
- a main body 92 shown in FIG. 28 includes a first member 92A on which a fingerboard (not shown) is installed, and a second member 92B extending upward from the lower end portion of the first member 92A.
- the shoulder rest 93 may be connected to the main body 92 by a connecting member 94 such as a collet, bolt, screw, or nut as described above.
- an input device such as a pickup or a microphone may be provided in the main body of the bowed musical instrument in each of the embodiments described above, and a jack for outputting an electrical signal obtained by this input device to the outside is formed in the main body. Also good. Furthermore, an amplifier for amplifying the electric signal obtained by this input device and a speaker for outputting the amplified electric signal as sound can be incorporated in the main body.
- the present invention is preferably used for a bowed string instrument that generates sound by rubbing a bow or the like with a string.
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Abstract
Description
92,102 本体
93,103 肩当て
104 弦
105 指板
106 本体受け
107 可動連結部
108 上駒
109 下駒
110 ペグ
111 湾曲部
112 弦挿通穴
113 突出部受け
114 突出部
115 当接部
116 架橋部
117 底部
118 ライナ
119 ライナ
170 ボルト
201 音高目安部
202 第1の弦間部
203 第2の弦間部
204 第3の弦間部
205 突起
301 当接部
302 湾曲表面
303 湾曲裏面
304 下縁部
306 本体受け
401 固定部
402 固定接続部
403 第1の接続部
404 第2の接続部
406 本体受け
410 ストラップ
501 離間部
502 本体
503 第2の連結部
504 開口部
507 コレット
508 ロッド
510 第1の連結部
601 突出部
602 本体
603 挿通部
604 係合部
605 挿通口
606 本体受け
607 可動連結部
608 収容部
609 中心点
620 突出部受け
701 突出部
702 本体
703 挿通部
704 係合部
705 挿通口
707 可動連結部
708 収容部
709 球面
720 突出部受け
802 本体
807 可動連結部
813 ベアリング
814 ユニバーサルジョイント
820 第1の継手
821 第2の継手
822 第1のシャフト
823 第2のシャフト
906 本体受け
915 当接部
916 架橋部
920 ベルト状部材
Claims (17)
- 指板と、前記指板上に延びる複数の弦と、前記複数の弦を支持して前記指板上に前記複数の弦を張架する1対の駒とを有する本体と、
前記本体に接続された肩当てと、
前記本体の下方に配置され該本体の荷重を受ける本体受けと、
前記本体を球面に沿って摺動自在としつつ前記本体と前記本体受けとを互いに連結する可動連結部と、
を備える擦弦楽器。 - 指板と、前記指板上に延びる複数の弦と、前記複数の弦を支持して前記指板上に前記複数の弦を張架する1対の駒とを有する本体と、
前記本体に接続された肩当てと、
前記本体の下方に配置され該本体の荷重を受ける本体受けと、
前記本体を前記本体受けに対して少なくとも1つの軸周りに回動自在としつつ前記本体と前記本体受けとを互いに連結する可動連結部と、
を備える擦弦楽器。 - 前記可動連結部は、前記本体を曲面に沿って回動自在としつつ前記本体と前記本体受けとを互いに連結する、請求項2に記載の擦弦楽器。
- 前記可動連結部は、磁気の力によって前記本体と前記本体受けとを互いに連結する請求項1から3のいずれか一項に記載の擦弦楽器。
- 前記可動連結部は、
前記本体及び前記本体受けの一方に設けられた突出部と、
前記突出部を受ける突出部受けであって、前記本体及び前記本体受けの他方に設けられた突出部受けと、
を含み、
前記突出部及び前記突出部受けの一方が磁石であり、
前記突出部及び前記突出部受けの他方が磁性体である
請求項4に記載の擦弦楽器。 - 前記可動連結部は、
前記本体及び前記本体受けの一方に設けられた突出部と、
前記突出部を受ける突出部受けであって、前記本体及び前記本体受けの他方に設けられた突出部受けと、
を含み、
前記可動連結部は、前記突出部及び前記突出部受けが互いに係合することによって前記本体と前記本体受けとを互いに連結する請求項1から3のいずれか一項に記載の擦弦楽器。 - 前記突出部及び前記突出部受けの少なくとも一方に、前記突出部と前記突出部受けとの間に介在するライナが設けられていることを特徴とする、請求項5又は6に記載の擦弦楽器。
- 前記複数の弦に対して前記指板の反対側に前記指板と離間して配置される離間部と、
前記本体と前記離間部とを連結する少なくとも2つの連結部と、
をさらに備える請求項1から7のいずれか一項に記載の擦弦楽器。 - 前記本体は、前記指板上の前記複数の弦のうちいずれかの弦に隣接する位置に、音高を把握するための少なくとも1つの音高目安部をさらに有する請求項1から8のいずれか一項に記載の擦弦楽器。
- 前記音高目安部は、前記隣接する弦を押弦した際に該弦と接触しないように構成されている請求項9に記載の擦弦楽器。
- 前記音高目安部は、前記指板から突出する突起により形成される請求項9又は10に記載の擦弦楽器。
- 前記本体受けは、奏者の腿部に当接可能な当接部を有する請求項1から11のいずれか一項に記載の擦弦楽器。
- 前記当接部は、少なくとも2つの棒状体を含む請求項12に記載の擦弦楽器。
- 前記当接部は、奏者の腿部の少なくとも3点に接触する接触部を有する請求項12に記載の擦弦楽器。
- 前記当接部は、奏者の腿部の少なくとも一部に面接触する接触面を有する請求項12に記載の擦弦楽器。
- 前記当接部は、その底部が同一面上に接するように形成されている、請求項12から15のいずれか一項に記載の擦弦楽器。
- 前記本体受けは、
奏者に固定可能な固定部と、
前記固定部と前記可動連結部とを接続する固定接続部と、
を備える請求項1から11のいずれか一項に記載の擦弦楽器。
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US15/322,035 US10049649B2 (en) | 2014-07-25 | 2015-07-03 | Bowed string instrument |
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JP2014151389A JP5686923B1 (ja) | 2014-07-25 | 2014-07-25 | 擦弦楽器 |
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US9812100B1 (en) | 2015-03-09 | 2017-11-07 | David Mobley, LLC | Individually customized musical instrument supports, customized elements, and methods for forming the same |
USD806782S1 (en) * | 2015-12-12 | 2018-01-02 | Laurent Bernadac | Violin |
USD837289S1 (en) | 2017-10-02 | 2019-01-01 | Jeffrey James Hsu | Musical instrument |
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JPS58168793U (ja) * | 1982-05-06 | 1983-11-10 | ロ−ランド株式会社 | ギタ− |
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JP2006293055A (ja) * | 2005-04-12 | 2006-10-26 | Takumi Kimura | 弦楽器 |
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JP2000200082A (ja) * | 1999-01-07 | 2000-07-18 | Yamaha Corp | 弦楽器用エンドピン |
JP2005283732A (ja) * | 2004-03-29 | 2005-10-13 | Yamaha Corp | 電気擦弦楽器 |
JP2006317917A (ja) * | 2005-04-12 | 2006-11-24 | Takumi Kimura | 擦弦機構、並びに擦弦機構を設けた擦弦楽器並びに電気擦弦楽器 |
EP2791934B1 (de) * | 2011-12-14 | 2016-02-10 | Wittner GmbH & Co. KG | Schulterstützenvorrichtung für ein musikinstrument |
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- 2014-07-25 JP JP2014151389A patent/JP5686923B1/ja active Active
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JPS58168793U (ja) * | 1982-05-06 | 1983-11-10 | ロ−ランド株式会社 | ギタ− |
JP3039706U (ja) * | 1996-10-02 | 1997-07-31 | 吉弘 松本 | 三連胴ギターに於ける棹・胴の接続構造 |
JP2000099003A (ja) * | 1998-09-19 | 2000-04-07 | Sumiko Yazawa | 胡弓様弦楽器演奏用補助具 |
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JP2006293055A (ja) * | 2005-04-12 | 2006-10-26 | Takumi Kimura | 弦楽器 |
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US10049649B2 (en) | 2018-08-14 |
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