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  • C07D493/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system
  • C07D493/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
  • C07D493/04—Ortho-condensed systems
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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  • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
  • A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
  • A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
  • A61K31/495—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with two or more nitrogen atoms as the only ring heteroatoms, e.g. piperazine or tetrazines
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
  • A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
  • A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
  • A61K31/495—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with two or more nitrogen atoms as the only ring heteroatoms, e.g. piperazine or tetrazines
  • A61K31/496—Non-condensed piperazines containing further heterocyclic rings, e.g. rifampin, thiothixene or sparfloxacin
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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  • A61P29/00—Non-central analgesic, antipyretic or antiinflammatory agents, e.g. antirheumatic agents; Non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs [NSAID]
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  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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  • A61P37/00—Drugs for immunological or allergic disorders
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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  • A61P37/00—Drugs for immunological or allergic disorders
  • A61P37/02—Immunomodulators
  • A61P37/06—Immunosuppressants, e.g. drugs for graft rejection
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P43/00—Drugs for specific purposes, not provided for in groups A61P1/00-A61P41/00
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  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D241/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,4-diazine or hydrogenated 1,4-diazine rings
  • C07D241/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,4-diazine or hydrogenated 1,4-diazine rings not condensed with other rings
  • C07D241/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,4-diazine or hydrogenated 1,4-diazine rings not condensed with other rings having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D295/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing polymethylene-imine rings with at least five ring members, 3-azabicyclo [3.2.2] nonane, piperazine, morpholine or thiomorpholine rings, having only hydrogen atoms directly attached to the ring carbon atoms
  • C07D295/16—Heterocyclic compounds containing polymethylene-imine rings with at least five ring members, 3-azabicyclo [3.2.2] nonane, piperazine, morpholine or thiomorpholine rings, having only hydrogen atoms directly attached to the ring carbon atoms acylated on ring nitrogen atoms
  • C07D295/18—Heterocyclic compounds containing polymethylene-imine rings with at least five ring members, 3-azabicyclo [3.2.2] nonane, piperazine, morpholine or thiomorpholine rings, having only hydrogen atoms directly attached to the ring carbon atoms acylated on ring nitrogen atoms by radicals derived from carboxylic acids, or sulfur or nitrogen analogues thereof
  • C07D295/182—Radicals derived from carboxylic acids
  • C07D295/185—Radicals derived from carboxylic acids from aliphatic carboxylic acids
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D401/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom
  • C07D401/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings
  • C07D401/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings linked by a chain containing hetero atoms as chain links
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  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D403/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00
  • C07D403/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00 containing two hetero rings
  • C07D403/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00 containing two hetero rings linked by a chain containing hetero atoms as chain links
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  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D405/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
  • C07D405/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom containing two hetero rings
  • C07D405/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom containing two hetero rings linked by a chain containing hetero atoms as chain links
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D409/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
  • C07D409/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing two hetero rings
  • C07D409/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing two hetero rings linked by a chain containing hetero atoms as chain links
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D413/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
  • C07D413/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing two hetero rings
  • C07D413/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing two hetero rings linked by a chain containing hetero atoms as chain links

Definitions

• the present invention relates to novel retinoid-related orphan receptor gamma (ROR ⁇ ) modulators and their use in the treatment of diseases mediated by ROR ⁇ .
• ROR ⁇ retinoid-related orphan receptor gamma
• RORs Retinoid-related orphan receptors
• the ROR family consists of three members, ROR alpha (ROR ⁇ ) , ROR beta (ROR ⁇ ) and ROR gamma (ROR ⁇ ) , each encoded by a separate gene (RORA, RORB and RORC, respectively) .
• RORs contain four principal domains shared by the majority of nuclear receptors: an N-terminal A/B domain, a DNA-binding domain, a hinge domain, and a ligand binding domain.
• ROR ⁇ 1 and ROR ⁇ t are two isoforms of ROR ⁇ .
• ROR ⁇ is a term used to describe both ROR ⁇ 1 and/or ROR ⁇ t.
• ROR ⁇ 1 is expressed in a variety of tissues including thymus, muscle, kidney and liver
• ROR ⁇ t is exclusively expressed in the cells of the immune system.
• ROR ⁇ t has been identified as a key regulator of Th17 cell differentiation.
• Th17 cells are a subset of T helper cells which produce IL-17 and other proinflammatory cytokines.
• Th17 cells have been shown to have key functions in several mouse autoimmune disease models including experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) and collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) .
• EAE experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis
• CIA collagen-induced arthritis
• Th17 cells or their products have been shown to be associated with the pathology of a variety of human inflammatory and autoimmune disorders including multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, ankylosing spondylitis, Crohn’s disease and asthma (Jetten (2009) Nucl. Recept. Signal. 7: e003; Manel et al. (2008) Nat. Immunol. 9: 641-649; Miossec &Kolls (2012) Nat. Rev. Drug. Discov. 10: 763-776) .
• Th17 cells are one of the important drivers of the inflammatory process in tissue-specific autoimmunity (Steinman (2008) J. Exp. Med. 205: 1517-1522; Leung et al. (2010) Cell. Mol. Immunol. 7: 182-189) .
• Th17 cells are activated during the disease process and are responsible for recruiting other inflammatory cells types, especially neutrophils, to mediate pathology in the target tissues (Korn et al. (2009) Annu. Rev. Immunol. 27: 485-517) .
• ROR ⁇ t plays a critical role in the pathogenic responses of Th17 cells (Ivanov et al. (2006) Cell 126: 1121-1133) .
• ROR ⁇ t deficient mice show very little Th17 cells.
• ROR ⁇ t deficiency resulted in amelioration of EAE.
• Further support for the role of ROR ⁇ t in the pathogensis of autoimmune or inflammatory diseases can be found in the following references: Jetten &Joo (2006) Adv. Dev. Biol. 16: 313-355; Meier et al. (2007) Immunity 26: 643-654; Aloisi & Pujol-Borrell (2006) Nat. Rev. Immunol. 6: 205-217; Jager et al. (2009) J. Immunol.
• ROR ⁇ plays in the pathogenesis of diseases, it is desirable to prepare compounds that modulate ROR ⁇ activity, which can be used in the treatment of diseases mediated by ROR ⁇ .
• the invention is directed to novel ROR ⁇ modulators and their use in the treatment of diseases mediated by ROR ⁇ . Specifically, the invention is directed to compounds according to Formula I.
• R 1 to R 7 are defined below, and to pharmaceutically-acceptable salts thereof.
• the invention is also directed to novel ROR ⁇ modulators and their use in the treatment of diseases mediated by ROR ⁇ wherein the compounds are according to Formula II:
• R 1 to R 7 are defined below, and to pharmaceutically-acceptable salts thereof.
• this invention provides for the use of the compounds of Formula I and Formula II for the treatment of diseases mediated by ROR ⁇ .
• diseases include but are not limited to autoimmune or inflammatory diseases such as multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis and ankylosing spondylitis.
• the invention is directed to methods of treating such diseases.
• This invention also provides for the use of compounds of Formula I and Formula II, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof of, for the treatment of diseases mediated by ROR ⁇ .
• diseases include but are not limited to autoimmune or inflammatory diseases such as multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis and ankylosing spondylitis.
• the invention is directed to methods of treating such diseases.
• the present invention provides for, a compound of Formula I or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
• R1 is:
• a 6 membered heteroaryl optionally substituted with one substituent selected from the group consisting of: C (O) NHRfRf, CN, CHF2 and CH2F, and said Rf is independently selected from hydrogen or methyl; or
• a 4 to 8 membered heterocycloalkyl optionally substituted one or more times, suitably 1 to 2 times, with C (O) Ra, OH, CN, oxo or C1-C3 alkyl, wherein said heterocycloalkyl containing 1 or 2 heteroatoms independently selected from O and N, and said Ra is C1-C2 alkyl optionally substituted with methyl or ethyl;
• Rb is independently selected from methyl or ethyl, and Rc is C (O) CH 3 ; or
• Rd is a C 1-C4 alkyl optionally substituted with i) methoxy, ii) CN, iii) CHF2 or iv) cyclopropyl substituted with CN; or
• R2 is C1-C3 alkyl or halo
• R3 is halo or CN
• R4 is H
• R5 is C1-C3 alkyl
• R6 is H or methyl
• R7 is selected from the group consisting of:
• the present invention provides, in one embodiment, a compound of Formula I or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein R1 is:
• heterocycloalkyl optionally substituted one or more times, suitably 1 or 2 times with C (O) Ra, wherein said heterocycloalkyl contains 1 O or 1 N, and said Ra is C1-C2 alkyl;
• R2 is C1-C3 alkyl
• R3 is halo or CN
• R4 is H
• R5 is C1-C3 alkyl
• R6 is H
• R7 is a C3-C6 cycloalkyl or a methyl substituted with C3-C5 cycloalkyl.
• the present invention provides in another embodiument for a compound of Formula Ia or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
• R1 is:
• heterocycloalkyl optionally substituted with C (O) Ra, OH, CN, oxo or C1-C3 alkyl, wherein said heterocycloalkyl containing 1 or 2 heteroatoms independently selected from O and N, and said Ra is C1-C2 alkyl optionally substituted
• Rd is C1-C4 alkyl optionally substituted with i) methoxy, ii) CN, iii) CHF2 or iv) cyclopropyl substituted with CN;
• R1 is tetrahydro-2H-thiopyran 1, 1-dioxide
• R2 is C1-C3 alkyl or halo
• R3 is halo or CN
• R4 is H
• R5 is C1-C3 alkyl
• R6 is H or methyl
• R7 is selected from the group consisting of:
• One embodiment of the invention is a compound of Formula Ia or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein R1 is:
• heteroaryl containing 1 or 2 N, wherein said heteroaryl is substituted with i) F and methyl, or ii) CN and methyl;
• heterocycloalkyl optionally substituted with C (O) Ra, wherein said heterocycloalkyl containing 1 O or 1 N, and said Ra is C1-C2 alkyl;
• R2 is C1-C3 alkyl
• R3 is halo or CN
• R4 is H
• R5 is C1-C3 alkyl
• R6 is H
• R7 is i) C3-C6 cycloalkyl or ii) methyl substituted with C3-C5 cycloalkyl.
• compounds of Formulas Ia, and Formulas III-IX are all subsets of Formula I. Unless specifically noted to the contrary all of the following embodiments are applicable to all compounds of Formula I, Formula Ia and Formulas III-IX.
• the invention relates to the compounds of Formula I, wherein R1 is a pyridinyl substituted with C (O) NH 2 , or C (O) NHCH 3 , or CN.
• this invention also relates to compounds of any of the above embodiments, wherein R1 is pyridinyl substituted with C (O) NH 2 , or C (O) NHCH 3 , preferably C (O) NH 2 .
• this invention also relates to compounds of any of the above embodiments, wherein R1 is pyridinyl substituted with CN.
• the invention relates to the compounds of Formula I, wherein R1 is methyl substituted with tetrahydrofuran. In one embodiment, this invention also relates to compounds of any of the above embodiments, wherein R1 is methyl substituted with hydroxycyclohexyl.
• the invention relates to compounds of Formula I wherein R1 is a methyl substituted with difluorocyclobutyl. In another embodiment, this invention relates to compounds of Formula I wherein R1 is methyl substituted with acetylpyrrolidinyl. In another embodiment, this invention relates to compounds of Formula I wherein R1 is a methyl substituted with propionylazetidine.
• the invention relates to the compounds of Formula I, wherein R1 is an ethyl substituted with CF 3 . In another embodiment, this invention also relates to compounds of Formula I wherein R1 is propyl substituted with CN. In another embodiment, this invention also relates to compounds of Formula I, wherein R1 is ethyl substituted with SO 2 Rb wherein Rb is methyl or ethyl. In one embodiment, the Rb in the SO 2 Rb is methyl.
• the invention also relates to compounds of Formula I wherein R2 is methyl.
• the invention also relates to compounds of any of the above embodiments, wherein R3 is C1. In one embodiment, this invention also relates to compounds of any of the above embodiments, wherein R3 is F. In one embodiment, the invention also relates to compounds of any of the above embodiments, wherein R3 is CN.
• the invention also relates to compounds of any of the above embodiments, wherein R5 is methyl. In one embodiment, the invention also relates to compounds of any of the above, wherein R6 is H.
• this invention also relates to compounds of any of the above embodiments, wherein R7 is a C3-C6 cycloalkyl. In one embodiment, R7 is cyclopentyl. In another embodiment, R7 is cyclohexyl.
• this invention also relates to compounds of any of the above embodiments, wherein R7 is a methyl substituted with C3-C5 cycloalkyl.
• the C3-C5 cycloalkyl is cyclopropyl.
• R7 is a methyl substituted with cyclopropyl.
• a compound of the present invention is selected from:
• One aspect of the invention is a pharmaceutical composition
• a pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound of Formula I, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or diluent.
• the present invention provides, in another aspect, a compound of Formula II or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof:
• heteroaryl containing 1 or 2 N, said heteroaryl is substituted with methyl or methoxy;
• R2 is C1-C3 alkyl
• R4 is H
• R5 is C1-C3 alkyl
• R6 is H
• R7 is i) C3-C6 cycloalkyl; or ii) methyl substituted with C3-C5 cycloalkyl.
• compounds of Formula II is selected from:
• One aspect of the invention is a pharmaceutical composition
• a pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound of Formula II, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or diluent.
• the invention also relates to compounds of Formula II wherein R2 is methyl.
• the invention also relates to compounds of Formula II wherein R5 is methyl.
• this invention also relates to compounds of Formula II wherein R7 is a C3-C6 cycloalkyl. In one embodiment, R7 is cyclopentyl. In another embodiment, R7 is cyclohexyl.
• this invention also relates to compounds of Formula II wherein R7 is a methyl substituted with C3-C5 cycloalkyl.
• R7 is a methyl substituted with C3-C5 cycloalkyl.
• the C3-C5 cycloalkyl is cyclopropyl.
• the C3-C5 cycloalkyl is cyclopentyl
• the present invention provides, in another aspect, a compound of Formula III or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof:
• R1 is a 6 membered heteroaryl ring optionally substituted with one substituent selected from the group consisting of C (O) NRfRf, CN, CHF 2 and CH 2 F;
• Rf is independently selected from hydrogen or methyl
• R2 is C1-C3 alkyl or halo
• R3 is halo or CN
• R4 is H
• R5 is C1-C3 alkyl
• R6 is H or methyl
• R7 is selected from the group consisting of:
• R1 is a 6 membered heteroaryl ring optionally substituted with one substituent selected from the group consisting of C (O) NRfRf, CN, CHF 2 and CH 2 F.
• Rf is independently selected from hydrogen or methyl.
• both Rf groups are hydrogen.
• one of Rf is hydrogen and the other is methyl.
• both Rf groups are methyl.
• the 6 membered heteroaryl R1 ring is a pyridinyl or a pyrimidinyl ring.
• the R1 ring is a pyridine.
• the R1 ring is a pyridimine ring.
• the pyridine ring is a 2-pyridinyl, a 3-pyridinyl or a 4-pyridinyl ring which is substituted.
• the 3-pyridinyl ring also called a nicotinamide when coupled with the adjacent amide linkage
• the pyridine ring is an isonicotinamde and substituted in the adjacent 2-position by cyano.
• R7 is a C3-C6 cycloalkyl optionally substituted with methyl.
• the C3-C6 cycloalkyl which may be optionally substituted is suitably a cyclopropyl or cyclopentyl ring.
• the R7 ring is a cyclopentyl ring.
• R7 is a cyclopropyl ring.
• R7 is methyl substituted with C3-C5 cycloalkyl.
• the C3-C5 ring is a cyclopropyl or a cyclopentyl ring.
• R7 is a cyclopropylmethyl.
• R7 is a C2 or C3 alkyl optionally substituted with two F
• the alkyl chain is a straight of branched C3 carbon chain, such as propyl or isopropyl.
• the first carbon in the chain attached to the carbonyl is the one optionally substituted with two fluorines.
• R2 is C1-C3 alkyl or halo. In one embodiment, R2 is a C1-C3. In another embodiment, R2 is methyl.
• R3 is halo or CN.
• R3 is halo.
• R3 is fluorine or chlorine.
• R3 is fluorine.
• R3 is chlorine.
• R3 is cyano.
• R5 is C1-C3 alkyl. In one embodiment R5 is methyl.
• R6 is H or methyl.
• R6 is hydrogen.
• a compound of the Formula III, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is selected from:
• One aspect of the invention is a pharmaceutical composition
• a pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound of Formula III, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or diluent.
• the present invention provides, in another aspect, a compound of Formula IV or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof
• R1 is a 6 membered heteroaryl ring substituted with two substituents selected from the group consisting of: i) F and methyl, ii) CN and methyl, and iii) C1 and methyl;
• R2 is C1-C3 alkyl or halo
• R3 is halo or CN
• R4 is H
• R5 is C1-C3 alkyl
• R6 is H or methyl
• R7 is selected from the group consisting of a C3-C6 cycloalkyl optionally substituted with methyl; a methyl substituted with C3-C5 cycloalkyl; and a C2 or C3 alkyl optionally substituted with two F.
• R1 is a 6 membered heteroaryl ring substituted with two substituents selected from F and methyl.
• R1 is a 6 membered heteroaryl ring substituted with two substituents selected from CN and methyl.
• R1 is a 6 membered heteroaryl ring substituted with two substituents selected from C1 and methyl.
• the 6 membered heteroaryl R1 ring is a pyridinyl or a pyrimidinyl ring.
• the R1 ring is a pyridine.
• the R1 ring is a pyridimine ring.
• R1 is a pyridinyl, it is suitably di-substituted in the 5, 6 position (the core being called a nictoinamide derivative) .
• the methyl is in the 6-position. In another embodiment, the methyl is in the 5-position.
• R7 is a C3-C6 cycloalkyl optionally substituted with methyl.
• the C3-C6 cycloalkyl which may be optionally substituted is suitably a cyclopropyl or cyclopentyl ring.
• the R7 ring is a cyclopentyl ring.
• R7 is a cyclopropyl ring.
• R7 is methyl substituted with C3-C5 cycloalkyl.
• the C3-C5 ring is a cyclopropyl or a cyclopentyl ring.
• R7 is a cyclopropylmethyl.
• R7 is a C2 or C3 alkyl optionally substituted with two F
• the alkyl chain is a straight of branched C3 carbon chain, such as propyl or isopropyl.
• the first carbon in the chain attached to the carbonyl is the one optionally substituted with two fluorines.
• R2 is C1-C3 alkyl or halo.
• R2 is a C1-C3.
• R2 is methyl.
• R3 is halo or CN.
• R3 is halo.
• R3 is fluorine or chlorine.
• R3 is fluorine.
• R3 is chlorine.
• R3 is cyano.
• when R3 is fluorine, chlorine or cyano, R2 is methyl.
• R5 is C1-C3 alkyl. In one embodiment R5 is methyl.
• R6 is H or methyl.
• R6 is hydrogen.
• a compound of the Formula IV, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is selected from:
• One aspect of the invention is a pharmaceutical composition
• a pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound of Formula IV, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or diluent.
• a compound of Formula IV is (S) -N- (5-chloro-3- ( (4- (2-cyclopropylacetyl) -3-methylpiperazin-1-yl) methyl) -2-methylphenyl) -5-fluoro-6-methylnicotinamide, or a pharmaceutically acceoptable salt thereof.
• One embodiment of the invention is a pharmaceutical composition
• the present invention provides, in another aspect, a compound of Formula V or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof
• R1 is a methyl substituted with a substituent selected from the group consisting of:
• a 4 to 8 membered heterocycloalkyl ring optionally substituted one or more times, suitably 1 or 2 times, with C (O) Ra, OH, CN, oxo or C1-C3 alkyl, wherein said heterocycloalkyl contains 1 or 2 heteroatoms each independently selected from O and N, and said Ra is a C1-C2 alkyl optionally substituted with methyl or ethyl;
• Ra’ is a C1-C2 alkyl
• R2 is C1-C3 alkyl or halo
• R3 is halo or CN
• R4 is H
• R5 is C1-C3 alkyl
• R6 is H or methyl
• R7 is selected from the group consisting of
• R1 is a methyl substituted with a substituent selected from the group consisting of:
• a 4 to 8 membered heterocycloalkyl ring optionally substituted with C (O) Ra, OH, CN, oxo or C1-C3 alkyl, wherein said heterocycloalkyl contains 1 or 2 heteroatoms each independently selected from O and N, and said Ra is a C1-C2 alkyl optionally substituted with methyl or ethyl;
• R1 is a methyl substituted with a C4-C6 cycloalkyl ring substituted with OH or two F.
• the C4-C6 ring is a cyclohexyl ring.
• the C4-C6 ring is a cyclobutyl ring.
• R1 is a methyl substituted with a 4 to 8 membered heterocycloalkyl ring optionally substituted one or more times, suitably 1 or 2 times, with C (O) Ra, OH, CN, oxo or C1-C3 alkyl; the heterocycloalkyl ring contains 1 or 2 heteroatoms each independently selected from O and N, and Ra is a C1-C2 alkyl optionally substituted with methyl or ethyl.
• the heterocycloalkyl ring is a 4 or 5 membered heterocycloalkyl ring.
• the 4 to 5 membered heterocyclic alkyl ring is optionally substituted with C (O) Ra, wherein said heterocycloalkyl contains a O or a N, and said Ra is C1-C2 alkyl. It is recognized that the substitution on the heterocyclic ring may be on a ring carbon or onthe ring nitrogen, such as in a 1-acetylpyrrolidin-3-yl ring, etc.
• the 4 to 8 membered heterocycloalkyl ring is a tetrahydro-2H-pyranyl ring, such as a tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl, a tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl, or a tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3-yl; a tetrahydrofuranyl ring, such as tetrahydrofuran-2-yl or tetrahydrofuran-3-yl; a morpholino; a pyrrolidinyl, such as a pyrrolidin-1-yl, or a pyrrolidin-3-yl; or an oxazolidinyl ring, such as a oxazolidin-3-yl.
• a tetrahydro-2H-pyranyl ring such as a tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl, a tetrahydro-2H-pyr
• the R1 methyl substituted by a 4 to 8 membered heterocycloalkyl ring is substituted by oxo. In another embodiment R1 methyl substituted by a 4 to 8 membered heterocycloalkyl ring is substituted by C (O) Ra. In another embodiment, the R1 methyl substituted by a 4 to 8 membered heterocycloalkyl ring is disubstituted with an oxo and a C1-C3 alkyl, suitably methyl or ethyl.
• the R1 methyl substituted by a 4 to 8 membered heterocycloalkyl ring is a pyrrolidnyl ring disubstituted with oxo and methyl or ethyl. It is recognized that the nitrogen in the heterocyclic ring may be substituted by the optional substitutent, such as the C1-3 alkyl, e.g. a 1-methyl-2-oxopyrrolidin-3-yl, or a 1-ethyl-5-oxopyrrolidin-3-yl.
• R7 is a C3-C6 cycloalkyl optionally substituted with methyl.
• the C3-C6 cycloalkyl which may be optionally substituted is suitably a cyclopropyl or cyclopentyl ring.
• the R7 ring is a cyclopentyl ring.
• R7 is a cyclopropyl ring.
• R7 is methyl substituted with C3-C5 cycloalkyl.
• the C3-C5 ring is a cyclopropyl or a cyclopentyl ring.
• R7 is a cyclopropylmethyl group.
• R7 is a C2 or C3 alkyl optionally substituted with two F
• the alkyl chain is a straight of branched C3 carbon chain, such as propyl or isopropyl.
• the first carbon in the chain attached to the carbonyl is the one optionally substituted with two fluorines.
• R2 is C1-C3 alkyl or halo. In one embodiment, R2 is a C1-C3 alkyl. In another embodiment, R2 is methyl.
• R3 is halo or CN.
• R3 is halo.
• R3 is fluorine or chlorine.
• R3 is fluorine.
• R3 is chlorine.
• R3 is cyano.
• R5 is C1-C3 alkyl. In one embodiment R5 is methyl.
• R6 is H or methyl.
• R6 is hydrogen. .
• a compound of the Formula V, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is selected from:
• One aspect of the invention is a pharmaceutical composition
• a pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound of Formula V, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or diluent.
• the present invention provides, in another aspect, a compound of Formula VI or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof:
• R1 is a C2-C5 alkyl substituted with
• Rb is independently selected from methyl or ethyl
• Rc is -C (O) CH 3 ;
• R2 is a C1-C3 alkyl or halo
• R3 is halo or CN
• R4 is H
• R5 is C1-C3 alkyl
• R6 is H or methyl
• R7 is selected from the group consisting of
• R1 is a C2-C5 alkyl substituted with
• Rb is independently selected from methyl or ethyl.
• Rc is -C (O) CH 3 .
• the R1 C2-C5 alkyl carbon chain may be branched or straight.
• the C3-C5 alkyl is a branched chain.
• the C2-C5 alkyl carbon is ethyl, propyl, butyl or an isobutyl.
• R7 is a C3-C6 cycloalkyl optionally substituted with methyl.
• the C3-C6 cycloalkyl which may be optionally substituted is suitably a cyclopropyl or cyclopentyl ring.
• the R7 ring is a cyclopentyl ring.
• R7 is a cyclopropyl ring.
• R7 is methyl substituted with C3-C5 cycloalkyl.
• the C3-C5 ring is a cyclopropyl or a cyclopentyl ring.
• R7 is a cyclopropyl methyl.
• R7 is a C2 or C3 alkyl optionally substituted with two F
• the alkyl chain is a straight of branched C3 carbon chain, such as propyl or isopropyl.
• the first carbon in the chain attached to the carbonyl is the one optionally substituted with two fluorines.
• R2 is C1-C3 alkyl or halo. In one embodiment, R2 is a C1-C3 alkyl. In another embodiment, R2 is methyl.
• R3 is halo or CN.
• R3 is halo.
• R3 is fluorine or chlorine.
• R3 is fluorine.
• R3 is chlorine.
• R3 is cyano.
• R5 is C1-C3 alkyl. In one embodiment R5 is methyl.
• R6 is H or methyl.
• R6 is hydrogen.
• a compound of the Formula VI, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is selected from:
• One aspect of the invention is a pharmaceutical composition
• a pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound of Formula VI, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or diluent.
• the present invention provides, in another aspect, a compound of Formula VII or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof:
• R1 is -CH 2 -O-Rd
• Rd is a C1-C4 alkyl optionally substituted with i) methoxy, ii) CN, iii) CHF 2 or iv) cyclopropyl substituted with CN;
• R2 is C1-C3 alkyl or halo
• R3 is halo or CN
• R4 is H
• R5 is C1-C3 alkyl
• R6 is H or methyl
• R7 is selected from the group consisting of
• R1 is -CH 2 -O-Rd
• Rd is a C1-C4 alkyl optionally substituted with i) methoxy, ii) CN, iii) CHF 2 or iv) cyclopropyl substituted with CN.
• the Rd C1-4 alkyl carbon chain may be branched or straight.
• the C1-C4 carbon chain is methyl or is a methylene group.
• R7 is a C3-C6 cycloalkyl optionally substituted with methyl.
• the C3-C6 cycloalkyl which may be optionally substituted is suitably a cyclopropyl or cyclopentyl ring.
• the R7 ring is a cyclopentyl ring.
• R7 is a cyclopropyl ring.
• R7 is methyl substituted with C3-C5 cycloalkyl.
• the C3-C5 ring is a cyclopropyl or a cyclopentyl ring.
• R7 is a methyl cyclopropyl.
• R7 is a C2 or C3 alkyl optionally substituted with two F
• the alkyl chain is a straight ofbranchedC3 carbon chain, such as propyl or isopropyl.
• the first carbon in the chain attached to the carbonyl is the one optionally substituted with two fluorines.
• R2 is C1-C3 alkyl or halo. In one embodiment, R2 is a C1-C3 alkyl. In another embodiment, R2 is methyl.
• R3 is halo or CN.
• R3 is halo.
• R3 is fluorine or chlorine.
• R3 is fluorine.
• R3 is chlorine.
• R3 is cyano.
• when R3 is fluorine, chlorine or cyano, R2 is methyl.
• R5 is C1-C3 alkyl. In one embodiment R5 is methyl.
• R6 is H or methyl.
• R6 is hydrogen.
• a compound of the Formula VI is selected from:
• One aspect of the invention is a pharmaceutical composition
• a pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound of Formula VI, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or diluent.
• the present invention provides, in another aspect, a compound of Formula VIII or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof:
• R1 is a C3-C6 cycloalkyl substituted with a substituent selected from the group consisting of i)-NHC (O) CH 3 , ii) SO 2 CH 3 , iii) OH, and iv) C1-C3 alkyl substituted with OH;
• R2 is C1-C3 alkyl or halo
• R3 is halo or CN
• R4 is H
• R5 is C1-C3 alkyl
• R6 is H or methyl
• R7 is selected from the group consisting of
• R1 is a C3-C6 cycloalkyl substituted with a substituent selected from the group consisting of i) -NHC (O) CH 3 , ii) -SO 2 CH 3 , iii) -OH, and iv) a -C1-C3 alkyl substituted with OH.
• R7 is a C3-C6 cycloalkyl optionally substituted with methyl.
• the C3-C6 cycloalkyl which may be optionally substituted is suitably a cyclopropyl or cyclopentyl ring.
• the R7 ring is a cyclopentyl ring.
• R7 is a cyclopropyl ring.
• R7 is methyl substituted with C3-C5 cycloalkyl.
• the C3-C5 ring is a cyclopropyl or a cyclopentyl ring.
• R7 is a methyl cyclopropyl.
• R7 is a C2 or C3 alkyl optionally substituted with two F
• the alkyl chain is a straight of branched C3 carbon chain, such as propyl or isopropyl.
• the first carbon in the chain attached to the carbonyl is the one optionally substituted with two fluorines.
• R2 is C1-C3 alkyl or halo. In one embodiment, R2 is a C1-C3 alkyl. In another embodiment, R2 is methyl.
• R3 is halo or CN.
• R3 is halo.
• R3 is fluorine or chlorine.
• R3 is fluorine.
• R3 is chlorine.
• R3 is cyano.
• when R3 is fluorine, chlorine or cyano, R2 is methyl.
• R5 is C1-C3 alkyl. In one embodiment R5 is methyl.
• R6 is H or methyl.
• R6 is hydrogen.
• a compound of the Formula VIII, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is selected from:
• One aspect of the invention is a pharmaceutical composition
• a pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound of Formula VIII, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or diluent.
• the present invention provides, in another aspect, a compound of Formula IX or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof:
• R1 is a 4 to 6 membered monocyclic heterocycloalkyl containing one (1) nitrogen (N) heteroatom, and optionally an additional heteroatom which is oxygen (O) , wherein said heterocycloalkyl is substituted with SO 2 CH 3 or C (O) Re, and said Re is a C1-C3 alkyl; or
• R1 is a tetrahydro-2H-thiopyran 1, 1-dioxide
• R2 is C1-C3 alkyl or halo
• R3 is halo or CN
• R4 is H
• R5 is C1-C3 alkyl
• R6 is H or methyl
• R7 is selected from the group consisting of
• R1 is a 4 to 6 membered monocyclic heterocycloalkyl containing one (1) nitrogen (N) heteroatom, and optionally an additional heteroatom which is oxygen (O) , and wherein said heterocycloalkyl ring is substituted with SO 2 CH 3 or C (O) Re, and Re is a C1-C3 alkylSuitably when R1 is a 4 to 6 membered monocyclic heterocycloalkyl it is a piperidinyl ring, a pyrrolidonyl ring or an azetidinyl ring.
• the ring is a piperidinyl or pyrrolidonyl ring.
• the ring is a morpholinyl ring. It is recognized that either the ring carbon atom or the ring nitrogen atom of the heterocyclic ring may be substituted.
• R1 is a tetrahydro-2H-thiopyran 1, 1-dioxide.
• R7 is a C3-C6 cycloalkyl optionally substituted with methyl.
• the C3-C6 cycloalkyl which may be optionally substituted is suitably a cyclopropyl or cyclopentyl ring.
• the R7 ring is a cyclopentyl ring.
• R7 is a cyclopropyl ring.
• R7 is methyl substituted with C3-C5 cycloalkyl.
• the C3-C5 ring is a cyclopropyl or a cyclopentyl ring.
• R7 is a cyclopropylmethyl.
• R7 is a C2 or C3 alkyl optionally substituted with two F
• the alkyl chain is a straight of branched C3 carbon chain, such as propyl or isopropyl.
• the first carbon in the chain attached to the carbonyl is the one optionally substituted with two fluorines.
• R2 is C1-C3 alkyl or halo. In one embodiment, R2 is a C1-C3 alkyl. In another embodiment, R2 is methyl.
• R3 is halo or CN.
• R3 is halo.
• R3 is fluorine or chlorine.
• R3 is fluorine.
• R3 is chlorine.
• R3 is cyano.
• R5 is C1-C3 alkyl. In one embodiment R5 is methyl.
• R6 is H or methyl.
• R6 is hydrogen.
• a compound of the Formula IX, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is selected from:
• One aspect of the invention is a pharmaceutical composition
• a pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound of Formula IX, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or diluent.
• Alkyl refers to a monovalent saturated hydrocarbon chain having the specified number of member atoms.
• C1-C6 alkyl refers to an alkyl group having from 1 to 6 member atoms.
• Alkyl groups may be optionally substituted with one or more substituent as defined herein.
• the alkyl groups as used herein, may be straight or branched. Representative branched alkyl groups have one, two, or three branches.
• alkyl examples include methyl, ethyl, propyl (n-propyl and isopropyl) , butyl (n-butyl, isobutyl, and t-butyl) , pentyl (n-pentyl, isopentyl, and neopentyl) , and hexyl.
• Cycloalkyl refers to a saturated hydrocarbon ring having the specified number of member atoms. Cycloalkyl groups are monocyclic ring systems or are fused or bridged bicyclic ring systems. For example, C3-C7 cycloalkyl refers to a cycloalkyl group having from 3 to 7 member atoms. Cycloalkyl groups may be optionally substituted with one or more substituent as defined herein. Examples of cycloalkyl include cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, and cyclohexyl.
• ′′Enantiomeric excess′′ or ′′ee′′ is the excess of one enantiomer over the other expressed as a percentage.
• the enantiomeric excess is zero (0%ee) .
• the enantiomeric excess would be 90%ee (the amount of the enriched enantiomer, 95%, minus the amount of the other enantiomer, 5%) .
• Enantiomerically pure refers to products whose enantiomeric excess is 99%ee or greater.
• Half-life refers to the time required for half of a quantity of a substance to be converted to another chemically distinct species in vitro or in vivo.
• Halo refers to the halogen radicals fluoro, chloro, bromo, and iodo.
• Heteroaryl′′ refers to an aromatic ring containing from 1 to 4 heteroatoms as member atoms in the ring. Heteroaryl rings containing more than one heteroatom may contain different heteroatoms. Heteroaryl rings may be optionally substituted with one or more substituent as defined herein. Heteroaryl rings are monocyclic ring systems, or are fused or bridged bicyclic ring systems. Monocyclic heteroaryl rings have from 5 to 7 member atoms. Bicyclic heteroaryl rings have from 7 to 11 member atoms.
• Bicyclic heteroaryl rings include those rings wherein phenyl and a monocyclic heterocycloalkyl ring are attached forming a fused, spiro, or bridged bicyclic ring system, and those rings wherein a monocyclic heteroaryl ring and a monocyclic cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, heterocycloalkyl, or heteroaryl ring are attached forming a fused, spiro, or bridged bicyclic ring system.
• Suitable xamples of heteroaryl include but are not limited to pyrrolyl, pyrazolyl, imidazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, oxadiazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, thiadiazolyl, furanyl, furazanyl, thienyl, triazolyl, pyridinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridazinyl, pyrazinyl, triazinyl, tetrazinyl, tetrazolyl, indolyl, isoindolyl, indolizinyl, indazolyl, purinyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, quinoxalinyl, quinazolinyl, pteridinyl, cinnolinyl, benzimidazolyl, furopyridinyl, and naphthyridinyl.
• Suitable examples of 5 membered heteroaryls include but are not limited to pyrrolyl, pyrazolyl, imidazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, oxadiazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, thiadiazolyl, furanyl, furazanyl, thienyl, triazolyl, and tetrazolyl.
• Heteroatom refers to a nitrogen, sulphur, or oxygen atom, also abbreviated herein as N, S or O respectively.
• Heterocycloalkyl refers to a saturated ring containing from 1 to 4 heteroatoms as member atoms in the ring, unless otherwise indicated. Heterocycloalkyl rings are not aromatic. Heterocycloalkyl groups containing more than one heteroatom may contain different heteroatoms. Heterocycloalkyl groups may be optionally substituted with one or more substituents as defined herein. Heterocycloalkyl groups are monocyclic ring systems or are fused, spiro, or bridged bicyclic ring systems. Monocyclic heterocycloalkyl rings have from 4 to 7 member atoms. Bicyclic heterocycloalkyl rings have from 7 to 11 member atoms.
• heterocycloalkyl examples include pyrrolidinyl, tetrahydrofuranyl, dihydrofuranyl, pyranyl, tetrahydropyranyl, dihydropyranyl, tetrahydrothienyl, pyrazolidinyl, oxazolidinyl, thiazolidinyl, piperidinyl, homopiperidinyl, piperazinyl, morpholinyl, thiamorpholinyl, azepinyl, 1, 3-dioxolanyl, 1, 3-dioxanyl, 1, 3-oxathiolanyl, 1,3-dithianyl, azetidinyl, oxetanyl, azabicylo [3.2.1] octyl, and oxabicylo [2.2.1] heptyl.
• Member atoms′′ refers to the atom or atoms that form a chain or ring. Where more than one member atom is present in a chain and within a ring, each member atom is covalently bound to an adjacent member atom in the chain or ring. Atoms that make up a substituent group on a chain or ring are not member atoms in the chain or ring.
• ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇
• ROR ⁇ refers to all isoforms encoded by the RORC gene which include ROR ⁇ 1 and ROR ⁇ t.
• ROR ⁇ modulator refers to a chemical compound that inhibits, either directly or indirectly, the activity of ROR ⁇ .
• ROR ⁇ modulators include antagonists and inverse agonists of
• “Pharmaceutically acceptable” refers to those compounds, materials, compositions, and dosage forms which are, within the scope of sound medical judgment, suitable for use in contact with the tissues of human beings and animals without excessive toxicity, irritation, or other problem or complication, commensurate with a reasonable benefit/risk ratio.
• ′′Substituted′′ in reference to a group indicates that one or more hydrogen atom attached to a member atom within the group is replaced with a substituent selected from the group of defined substituents. It should be understood that the term ′′substituted′′ includes the implicit provision that such substitution be in accordance with the permitted valence of the substituted atom and the substituent and that the substitution results in a stable compound (i.e. one that does not spontaneously undergo transformation such as by rearrangement, cyclization, or elimination and that is sufficiently robust to survive isolation from a reaction mixture) . When it is stated that a group may contain one or more substituent, one or more (as appropriate) member atom within the group may be substituted. In addition, a single member atom within the group may be substituted with more than one substituent as long as such substitution is in accordance with the permitted valence of the atom.
• the compounds according to Formula I may contain one or more asymmetric center (also referred to as a chiral center) and may, therefore, exist as individual enantiomers, diastereomers, or other stereoisomeric forms, or as mixtures thereof.
• Chiral centers such as chiral carbon atoms, may also be present in a substituent such as an alkyl group.
• the stereochemistry of a chiral center present in Formula I, or in any chemical structure illustrated herein, is not specified the structure is intended to encompass all individual stereoisomers and all mixtures thereof.
• compounds according to Formula I containing one or more chiral center may be used as racemic mixtures, enantiomerically enriched mixtures, or as enantiomerically pure individual stereoisomers.
• Individual stereoisomers of a compound according to Formula I which contain one or more asymmetric center may be resolved by methods known to those skilled in the art. For example, such resolution may be carried out (1) by formation of diastereoisomeric salts, complexes or other derivatives; (2) by selective reaction with a stereoisomer-specific reagent, for example by enzamatic oxidation or reduction; or (3) by gas-liquid or liquid chromatography in a chiral enviornment, for example, on a chiral support such as silica with a bound chiral ligand or in the presence of a chiral solvent.
• stereoisomers may be synthesized by asymmetric synthesis using optically active reagents, substrates, catalysts or solvents, or by converting one enantiomer to the other by asymmetric transformation.
• the compounds according to Formula I may also contain double bonds or other centers of geometric asymmetry. Where the stereochemistry of a center of geometric asymmetry present in Formula I, or in any chemical structure illustrated herein, is not specified, the structure is intended to encompass the trans (E) geometric isomer, the cis (Z) geometric isomer, and all mixtures thereof. Likewise, all tautomeric forms are also included in Formula I whether such tautomers exist in equilibrium or predominately in one form.
• compounds according to Formula I may be present as a free base or free acid.
• compounds according to Formula I may contain an acidic functional group. In certain other embodiments, compounds according to Formula I may contain a basic functional group.
• pharmaceutically-acceptable salts of the compounds according to Formula I or II may be prepared. Indeed, in certain embodiments of the invention, pharmaceutically-acceptable salts of the compounds according to Formula I or II may be preferred over the respective free base or free acid because such salts may impart greater stability or solubility to the molecule thereby facilitating formulation into a dosage form. Accordingly, the invention is further directed to the use of pharmaceutically-acceptable salts of the compounds according to Formula I or II.
• salts refers to salts that retain the desired biological activity of the subject compound and exhibit minimal undesired toxicological effects. These pharmaceutically-acceptable salts may be prepared in situ during the final isolation and purification of the compound, or by separately reacting the purified compound in its free acid or free base form with a suitable base or acid, respectively. Suitable pharmaceutically acceptable salts include those described by Berge, Bighley, and Monkhouse, J. Pharm. Sci. (1977) 66, pp 1-19.
• Salts of the disclosed compounds containing a basic amine or other basic functional group may be prepared by any suitable method known in the art, including treatment of the free base with an inorganic acid, such as hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, phosphoric acid, and the like, or with an organic acid, such as acetic acid, trifluoroacetic acid, maleic acid, succinic acid, mandelic acid, fumaric acid, malonic acid, pyruvic acid, oxalic acid, glycolic acid, salicylic acid, pyranosidyl acid, such as glucuronic acid or galacturonic acid, alpha-hydroxy acid, such as citric acid or tartaric acid, amino acid, such as aspartic acid or glutamic acid, aromatic acid, such as benzoic acid or cinnamic acid, sulfonic acid, such as p-toluenesulfonic acid, methanesulfonic acid, ethanesulf
• Examples of pharmaceutically acceptable salts include sulfates, pyrosulfates, bisulfates, sulfites, bisulfites, phosphates, chlorides, bromides, iodides, acetates, propionates, decanoates, caprylates, acrylates, formates, isobutyrates, caproates, heptanoates, propiolates, oxalates, malonates succinates, suberates, sebacates, fumarates, maleates, butyne-l, 4-dioates, hexyne-l, 6-dioates, benzoates, chlorobenzoates, methylbenzoates, dinitrobenzoates, hydroxybenzoates, methoxybenzoates, phthalates, phenylacetates, phenylpropionates, phenylbutrates, citrates, lactates, ⁇ -hydroxybutyrates, glycolates, tartrates mandelates, and
• Salts of the disclosed compounds containing an acidic functional group can be prepared by reacting with a suitable base.
• a suitable base which affords a pharmaceutically acceptable cation, which includes alkali metal salts (especially sodium and potassium) , alkaline earth metal salts (especially calcium and magnesium) , aluminum salts and ammonium salts, as well as salts made from physiologically acceptable organic bases such as trimethylamine, triethylamine, morpholine, pyridine, piperidine, picoline, dicyclohexylamine, N,N’ -dibenzylethylenediamine, 2-hydroxyethylamine, bis- (2-hydroxyethyl) amine, tri- (2-hydroxyethyl) amine, procaine, dibenzylpiperidine, dehydroabietylamine, N, N’ -bisdehydroabietylamine, glucamine, N-methylglucamine, collidine, choline, quinine, quino
• salts which are not pharmaceutically acceptable, may be useful in the preparation of compounds of this invention and these should be considered to form a further aspect of the invention.
• These salts such as trifluoroacetate, while not in themselves pharmaceutically acceptable, may be useful in the preparation of salts useful as intermediates in obtaining the compounds of the invention and their pharmaceutically acceptable salts.
• a compound of the invention containing a basic amine or other basic functional group is isolated as a salt
• the corresponding free base form of that compound may be prepared by any suitable method known to the art, including treatment of the salt with an inorganic or organic base, suitably an inorganic or organic base having a higher pK a than the free base form of the compound.
• the corresponding free acid form of that compound may be prepared by any suitable method known to the art, including treatment of the salt with an inorganic or organic acid, suitably an inorganic or organic acid having a lower pK a than the free acid form of the compound.
• the term ′′compounds of the invention′′ means both the compounds according to Formula I and II (as a flee base or free acid) , and the pharmaceutically-acceptable salts thereof.
• the term ′′a compound of the invention′′ also appears herein and refers to both a compound according to Formula I or II (as a free base or free acid) , and its pharmaceutically-acceptable salts.
• the invention also includes various deuterated forms of the compounds of Formula I.
• Each available hydrogen atom attached to a carbon atom may be independently replaced with a deuterium atom.
• a person of ordinary skill in the art will know how to synthesize deuterated forms of the compounds of Formula I.
• Commercially available deuterated starting materials may be employed in the preparation of deuterated forms of the compounds of Formula I, or they may be synthesized using conventional techniques employing deuterated reagents (e.g. lithium aluminum deuteride) .
• the compounds of the invention may exist in solid or liquid form. In the solid state, the compounds of the invention may exist in crystalline or noncrystalline form, or as a mixture thereof.
• pharmaceutically-acceptable solvates may be formed wherein solvent molecules are incorporated into the crystalline lattice during crystallization.
• Solvates may involve nonaqueous solvents such as ethanol, isopropanol, DMSO, acetic acid, ethanolamine, and ethyl acetate, or they may involve water as the solvent that is incorporated into the crystalline lattice.
• Solvates wherein water is the solvent that is incorporated into the crystalline lattice are typically referred to as ′′hydrates.
• Hydrates include stoichiometric hydrates as well as compositions containing vaiable amounts of water. The invention includes all such solvates.
• polymorphism i.e. the capacity to occur in different crystalline structures
• These different crystalline forms are typically known as ′′polymorphs.
• the invention includes all such polymorphs. Polymorphs have the same chemical composition but differ in packing, geometrical arangement, and other descriptive properties of the crystalline solid state. Polymorphs, therefore, may have different physical properties such as shape, density, hardness, deformability, stability, and dissolution properties. Polymorphs typically exhibit different melting points, IR spectra, and X-ray powder diffraction patterns, which may be used for identification.
• polymorphs may be produced, for example, by changing or adjusting the reaction conditions or reagents, used in making the compound. For example, changes in temperature, pressure, or solvent may result in polymorphs. In addition, one polymorph may spontaneously convert to another polymorph under certain conditions.
• Combination therapies according to the present invention thus comprise the administration of at least one compound of Formula I or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and the use of at least one other therapeutically active agent.
• a compound of Formula I or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and the other therapeutically active agent (s) may be administered together in a single pharmaceutical composition or separately and, when administered separately this may occur simultaneously or sequentially in any order.
• a combination product comprising a compound of Formula I or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, together with one or more other therapeutically active agents, and optionally a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or excipient.
• Suitable other therapeutic agents include, but are not limited to, (1) TNF-alpha inhibitors; (2) non-selective COX-1/COX-2 inhibitors; (3) COX-2 inhibitors; (4) other agents for treatment of inflammatory and autoimmune diseases including glucocorticoids, methotrexate, leflunomide, sulfasalazine, azathioprine, cyclosporin, tacrolimus, penicillamine, bucillamine, actarit, mizoribine, lobenzarit, ciclesonide, hydroxychloroquine, d-penicillamine, aurothiomalate, auranofin or parenteral or oral gold, cyclophosphamide, Lymphostat-B, BAFF/APRIL inhibitors, such as belimumab, and CTLA-4-Ig or mimetics thereof; (5) leukotriene biosynthesis inhibitor, 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO) inhibitor or 5-lipoxygenase activating protein (FL
• the compounds according to Formula I may be prepared using conventional organic syntheses. Suitable synthetic routes are depicted below in the following general reaction scheme.
• a substituent described herein is not compatible with the synthetic methods described herein, the substituent may be protected with a suitable protecting group that is stable to the reaction conditions.
• the protecting group may be removed at a suitable point in the reaction sequence to provide a desired intermediate or target compound.
• Suitable protecting groups and the methods for protecting and de-protecting different substituents using such suitable protecting groups are well known to those skilled in the art; examples of which may be found in T. Greene and P. Wuts, Protecting Groups in Chemical Synthesis (3rd ed. ) , John Wiley &Sons, NY (1999) .
• a substituent may be specifically selected to be reactive under the reaction conditions used. Under these circumstances, the reaction conditions convert the selected substituent into another substituent that is either useful as an intermediate compound or is a desired substituent in a target compound.
• Scheme 1 represents a general reaction scheme for preparing compounds of Formula I where R1 to R7 are as defined above.
• the starting material or reagents described are either commercially available or is made from commercially available starting materials using methods known to those skilled in the art.
• Benzoic acids 1 may be reduced by BH 3 ⁇ THF to provide benzyl alcohol 2.
• Alcohol 2 may be oxidized by PCC to the corresponding aldehyde followed by reductive amination with 3 to provide nitro compound 4.
• the Boc protection of 4 may be removed by treatment with HCl and the resulting amine reacted with various acids to provide nitro compound 5.
• Nitro compound 5 may be reduced to amine 6 which is then reacted with various acids to give final compounds of Formula I.
• Scheme 2 represents another reaction scheme for preparing compounds of Formula I where R1 to R7 are as defined above.
• the starting material or reagents described are either commercially available or is made from commercially available starting materials using methods known to those skilled in the art.
• Benzoic acids 1 may be reduced by BH 3 ⁇ THF to provide benzyl alcohol 2.
• Alcohol 2 may be oxidized by PCC to corresponding aldehyde followed by reductive amination with 3 to provide nitro compound 4.
• Reduction of nitro compound 4 with Pd/C in the presence of H 2 afforded the amine which may be reacted with various acids to give amide 5.
• the Boc protection of 5 may be removed by treatment with HCl and the resulting amine reacted with various acids to provide final compounds of Formula I.
• Mobile phase water containing 0.05%TFA /acetonitrile.
• Mobile phase water containing 0.05%ammonia/acetonitrile.
• Methyl 4- (methylthio) butanoate (D41, 741 mg) was added into acetic anhydride (2.363 mL) and acetic acid (2.4 mL) cooling with ice bath and stirred for 30 min, then H 2 O 2 (30%) (5.11 mL) was added dropwise during 15 min. The mixture was stirred at 0°Cfor 18 hours, a trace amount of MnO 2 was added to quench excess H 2 O 2 , and the mixture was stirred for another 30 min. The organic solvents was removed under vacuum. The residue was partitioned between saturated Na 2 CO 3 solution (10 mL) and EtOAc (30 mL) .
• Oxetan-2-one (8.0 g) was added slowly to a stirred solution of sodium methoxide (0.300 g) in phenylmethanol (72.0 g) at 0°C. Stirring was continued for a further 12 hours at 50°C. The reaction mixture was washed with water, dried and distilled to get the title compound as colorless oil. MS (ESI) : C 10 H 12 O 3 requires 180; found 181 [M+H] + .

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