WO2015179999A1 - 细胞色素氧化酶cyp1a的比率型荧光探针底物及其应用 - Google Patents

细胞色素氧化酶cyp1a的比率型荧光探针底物及其应用 Download PDF

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WO2015179999A1
WO2015179999A1 PCT/CN2014/000958 CN2014000958W WO2015179999A1 WO 2015179999 A1 WO2015179999 A1 WO 2015179999A1 CN 2014000958 W CN2014000958 W CN 2014000958W WO 2015179999 A1 WO2015179999 A1 WO 2015179999A1
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cyp1a
substrate
probe substrate
cytochrome oxidase
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杨凌
戴子茹
崔京南
葛广波
冯磊
宁静
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Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics of CAS
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    • C07D221/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom, not provided for by groups C07D211/00 - C07D219/00
    • C07D221/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom, not provided for by groups C07D211/00 - C07D219/00 condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems
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  • the invention belongs to the technical field of biomedicine, and particularly relates to a ratio type fluorescent probe reaction of cytochrome oxidase CYP1A and application thereof.
  • the cytochrome P450 (P450) superfamily is the most important drug-metabolizing enzyme in the body.
  • the main clearance of about 60% of drugs (including most clinical drugs and pesticides) is mediated by CYP. .
  • the cytochrome P450 enzyme system is a superfamily of proteins and is a large class of heme-containing proteins.
  • the complex formed with CO in the reduced state has a maximum absorption peak at 450 nm.
  • Because of its catalytic phase I reaction is a key step in the metabolism of compounds in the body, because this step is usually the rate-limiting step of drug removal from the body, which can affect the kinetics of compound half-life, clearance, etc., and P450 enzyme activity often Changes in genetic factors, age, disease state, or other drug interactions. The effect of the drug on the body's P450 enzyme can cause clinically significant drug interactions.
  • CYP1A is an important phase I metabolic enzyme, mainly including two subtypes: CYP1A1 and CYP1A2, of which CYP1A1 is mainly expressed in human lung, while CYP1A2 is mainly expressed in human liver and accounts for 13% of total CYP in human liver. .
  • CYP1A is also involved in a variety of drugs such as theophylline, caffeine, antipyrine, etc., as well as the metabolism of environmental toxins and endogenous substrates, and is activated in a variety of procarcinogens to become genotoxic intermediates or final carcinogens.
  • CYP1A is also very different among different ethnic groups.
  • Population studies have found that CYP1A may exhibit unimodal, bimodal or even trimodal distribution in different races (Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 1995.47: 423 -430). Therefore, the study of individual differences in CYP1A enzyme activity is of great significance for clinical personalized safety medication.
  • domestic and foreign pharmaceutical giants need to evaluate the ability of each candidate new drug to inhibit CYP1A in vitro during drug development. Therefore, the development of efficient and sensitive specific CYP1A probe substrates is essential for the efficient screening of CYP1A inhibitors and for the quantitative determination of CYP1A activity in biological systems.
  • each subtype of the CYP1A subfamily has a similar amino acid sequence, its substrates usually overlap each other, so each subtype of enzyme has a few specific substrates.
  • three fluorescent probe substrates have been reported for CYP1A, namely 3-cyano-7-ethoxycoumarin, ethoxy resorufin and fluorescein-ME-EGE. This Some known fluorescent substrates are off-on type probes, the single enzyme selectivity is not high and is susceptible to interference by biological matrices, and the quantitative error is large.
  • the blue shift/red shift of the emission spectrum of the ratio probe can be used for ratio detection, and the prototype of the probe molecule can be used as internal calibration to reduce the illumination intensity, probe concentration, sample non-uniformity, instrument parameters, etc. Impact. Therefore, the development of highly selective CYP1A ratio-type fluorescent probe reactions and their associated high-throughput detection methods have important practical value.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a ratiometric fluorescent probe substrate of cytochrome oxidase CYP1A and an application thereof, wherein the fluorescence emission wavelength of the ratio-type fluorescent probe substrate and the demethylated product are significantly different, and the product is The fluorescence quantum yield is higher and easier to detect.
  • the probe reaction can be used to quantitatively evaluate the distribution and function of CYP1A in various biological systems.
  • the present invention provides a ratiometric fluorescent probe substrate for cytochrome oxidase CYP1A, which is specifically catalyzed by CYP1A2 to produce a corresponding O-demethylation product having 1,8-
  • the naphthalimide structure has the following structural formula:
  • R is any one of -COOH, benzoic acid, and -SO 3 H, and n is 2 to 10.
  • the present invention also provides a ratio of a cytochrome oxidase CYP1A fluorescent probe substrate, using the specific substrate of the CYP1A sub-enzyme, mixed with a biological sample containing CYP1A, followed by enzymatic reaction, through quantitative detection unit Quantitative determination of the activity of CYP1A in different biological systems during the time of substrate elimination rate or its demethylation product formation rate.
  • the specific determination methods and conditions are as follows:
  • the reaction temperature is between 20 ° C and 60 ° C, preferably 37 ° C is the optimal reaction time;
  • the incubation system pH is between 5.5 and 10.5, preferably pH 7.4 is the optimal reaction pH;
  • the reaction time is 5 to 120 minutes, and the reaction is terminated when the corresponding O-demethylation product of the above substrate reaches the limit of quantification and the substrate conversion rate does not exceed 20%;
  • the amount of substrate reduction or the amount of O-demethylated product produced per unit time was determined as an evaluation index of CYP1A activity.
  • the ratiometric fluorescent probe substrate application of the cytochrome oxidase CYP1A is further characterized in that the biological system is recombinantly expressed CYP1A single enzyme, human or animal tissue preparation liquid, various mammalian tissue cells and preparation thereof Any one of them.
  • the fluorescent signal of the probe substrate and its demethylated product should be detected by different detection wavelengths.
  • the fluorescence detection conditions of the demethylated product and the substrate are: excitation wavelength 450, 372 nm, and maximum emission wavelength are 564, respectively. , 452nm.
  • the probe substrate can also be used for rapid screening of CYP1A inhibitors and quantitative evaluation of inhibitory capacity.
  • the probe substrate can also be used as a probe substrate for the in vivo and whole CYP1A of experimental animals to assess individual and species differences in the metabolic enzyme CYP1A.
  • the probe substrate and the O-demethylation product thereof have fluorescence properties, and the two have different optical properties, and the fluorescence can be used.
  • the detector simultaneously detects the rapid and sensitive detection of the substrate and the product; the O-demethylation product and the substrate fluorescence detection conditions are: excitation wavelength 372,450 nm, maximum emission wavelength is 450, 564 nm as shown in FIG. 4 .
  • the specific probe substrate is a ratiometric fluorescent probe, which is not easily interfered by biological system matrix and impurities during the detection process of CYP1A activity, and can be used for various recombinant CYP1A, human and animal tissue preparation liquids, and CYP1A in various tissue cells. Quantitative determination of enzyme activity; also as a probe substrate for CYP1A in vivo and in vivo, to assess individual and species differences in the metabolic enzyme CYP1A.
  • the probe substrate and the fluorescence detection method of O-demethylated metabolites can also be used for rapid screening of CYP1A inhibitors and quantitative evaluation of inhibitory ability.
  • cytochrome oxidase CYP1A single enzyme liver microsome incubation system was investigated, and the correlation analysis (as shown in Figure 6), recombinant single enzyme metabolic reaction (as shown in Figure 7), specific inhibition experiments (as shown in Figure 8), as well as evidence of several aspects of enzyme reaction kinetics, demonstrate that 1,8-naphthylimide compounds can be specifically metabolized by the cytochrome oxidase CYP1A (as shown in Figure 9), generating O - Demethylation of the oxidation product. Furthermore, a variety of mammalian freshly extracted hepatocytes, primary cultured hepatocytes, liver sections, liver perfusion and other metabolic evaluation systems were examined and found to have very good specificity.
  • this compound can be used to detect the activity of CYP1A, especially for the production of bacterial, insect cells, mammalian cells and yeast cloning expression systems.
  • the ratio of the cytochrome oxidase CYP1A single enzyme in vitro activity using the cytochrome oxidase CYP1A single enzyme of the present invention has the following outstanding advantages:
  • 1,8-naphthylimide compounds can be highly specifically metabolized by the cytochrome oxidase CYP1A single enzyme into a metabolite, that is, an O-demethylated product.
  • 1,8-naphthylimide compounds can be obtained by chemical synthesis, the synthesis process is simple and easy, and the detection cost of the fluorescent method is low.
  • Figure 5.14 is a metabolic diagram of HLM versus N-(3-carboxypropyl)-4-methoxy-1,8-naphthalimide;
  • CYP1A mediates the metabolic pathway of N-(3-carboxypropyl)-4-methoxy-1,8-naphthalimide
  • the apparatus and model of the invention are: fluorescence emission/excitation spectroscopy is completed by SynergyH1 full-function microplate detector; 1 H-NMR spectrum and 13 C-NMR spectrum are obtained by NMR spectrometer (Avance) II 400MHz) Detection completed.
  • the nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum of the prepared product is as follows:
  • the nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum of the prepared product is as follows:
  • HLM human liver microsomes
  • the assay was performed on a microplate reader using a 96-well plate, N-(3-carboxypropyl)-4-methoxy-1,8-naphthylenimine 10 ⁇ M, NADP + 10 mM, glucose 6-phosphate glucose 100 mM, glucose -6-phosphate dehydrogenase 1 unit/ml, MgCl 2 40 mM, CYP1A2 single enzyme 0.1 nM/ml ⁇ 2 nM/ml, pH 7.4 PBS buffer 50 mM, total volume 100 ⁇ L, incubate at 37 ° C for 1 h and pass the microplate reader For the analysis, the mean of each group was compared with the control group without CYP1A. The results showed that CYP1A at 0.2 nM/ml was statistically significant (P ⁇ 0.05), so the lower limit of detection for CYP1A was determined to be 0.2 nM/ml.
  • the assay was performed on a microplate reader using a 96-well plate, N-(3-carboxypropyl)-4-methoxy-1,8-naphthalimide 10 ⁇ M, NADP + 10 mM, glucose 6-phosphate glucose 100 mM, glucose -6-phosphate dehydrogenase 1 unit/ml, MgCl 2 40 mM, CYP1A2 single enzyme 0.1 nM/ml ⁇ 2 nM/ml, pH 7.4 PBS buffer 50 mM, total volume 100 ⁇ L, incubation at 37 ° C for 60 min, every 5 minutes According to the microplate reader analysis, the ratio of the fluorescence intensity of the product to the fluorescence intensity of the substrate and the incubation time were made to a standard curve. The R 2 >0.99 of each standard curve indicates that the linear range of the standard curve is broad, and the content of CYP1A can be accurately quantified.

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Abstract

一种细胞色素氧化酶CYP1A的比率型荧光探针底物及其应用，属生物医药技术领域。该特异性探针底物具有羟基萘二甲酰亚胺烷酸结构，其可用于测定生物体系中CYP1A的酶活。CYP1A酶活测定的流程如下：选择羟基萘二甲酰亚胺烷酸类去甲基化反应为探针反应，通过定量检测单位时间内其去甲基化代谢产物的生成量来测定各类生物样品中CYP1A酶的活性。本发明可用于不同种属、不同个体来源生物样本中CYP1A酶活的定量评估，以及不同来源的动物组织细胞培养液及细胞制备物中CYP1A酶活的定量测定，以期实现对重要药物代谢酶CYP1A处置药物能力的评估。此外，借助该探针反应还可用于体外快速筛选CYP1A的抑制剂并评估其抑制能力。

Description

细胞色素氧化酶CYP1A的比率型荧光探针底物及其应用 技术领域
本发明属于生物医药技术领域，具体涉及一种细胞色素氧化酶CYP1A的比率型荧光探针反应及其应用。
背景技术
细胞色素P450酶系(cytochrome P450，P450酶)超家族是机体内最重要的药物代谢酶，大约60％的药物(包括绝大部分临床药物和杀虫剂)的主要清除是由CYP介导的。细胞色素P450酶系是一个蛋白质超家族，是一大类含血红素的蛋白质，在还原态时与CO形成的复合物于450nm处有最大吸收峰。因其催化的I相反应是化合物在体内代谢的关键步骤，因为这一步反应通常是药物从体内清除的限速步骤，可影响化合物的半衰期、清除率等动力学特征，且P450酶活性常随遗传因素、年龄、疾病状态或其它药物相互作用的影响而发生改变。药物对机体P450酶的影响，能造成临床上显著的药物相互作用。
CYP1A是重要的I相代谢酶，主要包括两种亚型：CYP1A1和CYP1A2，其中CYP1A1主要在人肺中表达，而CYP1A2则主要在人肝中表达，且占人肝中CYP总量的13％。CYP1A也参与多种药物例如茶碱、咖啡因、安替比林等，以及环境毒素和内源性底物的代谢，并在多种前致癌物被激活成具有遗传毒性中间体或最终致癌物的过程中起到了重要作用，例如在一定程度上激活咖啡因诱使肝硬化的发生(MOLASPECTS MED.1999.20：1-137)。除此之外，CYP1A的活性在不同人种中也有很大的个体差异，人口研究发现CYP1A在不同人种中可能会呈现单峰、双峰甚至三峰的分布(Eur J Clin Pharmacol.1995.47：423-430)。因此，开展CYP1A酶活的个体差异研究对于临床个性化安全用药有着重要意义。目前国内外制药巨头在药物开发过程中，需要在体外评估各候选新药抑制CYP1A的能力。因此，开发高效、灵敏的特异性CYP1A探针底物对于高效筛选CYP1A抑制剂，及定量测定生物体系内CYP1A的活性至关重要。
由于CYP1A亚家族中的各亚型具有相似的氨基酸序列，其底物通常相互交叠，因此各亚型酶鲜有特异性的底物。目前，已报道的CYP1A的荧光探针底物有3个，分别是3-氰基-7-乙氧基香豆素，乙氧基试卤灵和荧光素-ME-EGE。这 些已知的荧光底物均属于off-on型探针，单酶选择性并不高且易受生物基质的干扰，定量误差较大。而比率型探针发射光谱的蓝移/红移则可用于比率检测，且此时探针分子原型可作为内部校准来减小光照强度、探针浓度、样品不均匀、仪器参数等对定量分析的影响。因此，开发高选择性的CYP1A比率型荧光探针反应及其配套的高通量检测方法具有重要的实用价值。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种细胞色素氧化酶CYP1A的比率型荧光探针底物及其应用，该比率型荧光探针底物和去甲基化产物的荧光发射波长具有明显差异，且产物的荧光量子产率更高更易检测。利用该探针反应可对多种生物体系中CYP1A的分布和功能进行定量评价。
本发明提供了一种细胞色素氧化酶CYP1A的比率型荧光探针底物，该探针底物可被CYP1A2特异性催化生成相应的O-去甲基化产物，该底物具有1，8-萘酰亚胺类结构，其结构式如下：
Figure PCTCN2014000958-appb-000001
其中，R为-COOH、苯甲酸、-SO3H中的任意一种，n为2～10。
本发明还提供一种细胞色素氧化酶CYP1A的比率型荧光探针底物的应用，采用该CYP1A亚酶的特异性底物，与含CYP1A的生物样品混合后进行酶促反应，通过定量检测单位时间内的底物消除率或其去甲基化产物的生成率来定量测定不同生物体系中CYP1A的活性，具体测定方法及条件如下：
A.体系中以1，8-萘酰亚胺类化合物作为比率型探针底物；底物浓度选择 1/10～10Km；单点测定时底物浓度优选Km；
B.在PBS缓冲液中，反应温度为20℃至60℃之间，优选37℃为最优反应时间；孵育体系pH介于5.5～10.5之间，优选pH7.4为最优反应pH值；
C.反应时间为5～120分钟，确保以上底物相应的O-去甲基化产物达到定量限且底物转化率不超过20％时终止反应；
D.测定单位时间内底物减少量或O-去甲基化产物生成量作为CYP1A活性的评价指标。
所述的细胞色素氧化酶CYP1A的比率型荧光探针底物应用，其特征还在于所述的生物体系为重组表达CYP1A单酶、人或动物组织制备液、各类哺乳动物组织细胞及其制备物中的任意一种。
该探针底物及其去甲基化产物的荧光信号需采用不同检测波长去检测，去甲基化产物及底物的荧光检测条件分别为：激发波长450，372nm，最大发射波长分别为564，452nm。
该探针底物还可用于CYP1A抑制剂的快速筛选及抑制能力的定量评价。
该探针底物也可作为实验动物在体及整体CYP1A的探针底物，评估代谢酶CYP1A的个体及种属差异。
本发明提供的细胞色素氧化酶CYP1A的比率型荧光探针反应的应用，该探针底物及其O-去甲基化产物均具有荧光属性，且两者具有不同的光学属性，可采用荧光检测器同时实现底物及产物的快速、灵敏检测；O-去甲基化产物及底物荧光检测条件分别为：激发波长372，450nm，最大发射波长为450，564nm如图4所示。
该特异性探针底物为比率型荧光探针，其在CYP1A活性检测过程不易受生物体系基质及杂质的干扰，可用于各种重组CYP1A、人及动物组织制备液及各类组织细胞中CYP1A酶活的定量测定；同时也可作为在体及动物整体CYP1A的探针底物，评估代谢酶CYP1A的个体及种属差异。该探针底物及O-去甲基化代谢产物的荧光检测方法还可用于CYP1A抑制剂的快速筛选及抑制能力的定量评价。
采用重组细胞色素氧化酶CYP1A单酶，肝微粒体孵育体系进行考察，通过相关性分析(如图6所示)，重组单酶代谢反应(如图7所示)，特异性抑制实验 (如图8所示)，以及酶反应动力学几方面的证据，证明1，8-萘酰亚胺类化合物可特异性的经细胞色素氧化酶CYP1A代谢(如图9所示)，生成O-去甲基化氧化产物。进一步采用各种哺乳动物的新鲜提取的肝细胞、原代培养肝细胞、肝切片、肝灌流等代谢评价体系进行考察，发现该代谢反应具有非常良好的特异性。
作为高特异性的细胞色素氧化酶CYP1A单酶的荧光探针底物，该化合物可以用来检测CYP1A的活性，尤其适合用于对细菌、昆虫细胞、哺乳动物细胞以及酵母菌克隆表达体系生产的CYP1A的酶活测定，以及多种哺乳动物组织器官来源的微粒体、S-9等制备物中CYP1A的活性标定。
选用本发明所述细胞色素氧化酶CYP1A单酶的比率型荧光探针反应检细胞色素氧化酶CYP1A单酶体外活性具有以下突出优势：
(1)高特异性；1，8-萘酰亚胺类化合物可被细胞色素氧化酶CYP1A单酶高特异性地代谢成一个代谢产物，即O-去甲基化产物。
(2)廉价易得：1，8-萘酰亚胺类化合物可经化学合成获得，合成工艺简单易行，荧光方法检测成本低。
(3)高灵敏度：具有1，8-萘酰亚胺母核结构的化合物均具有良好的荧光发射光谱特性(450～700nm)，且该底物及其O-去甲基化代谢产物具有不同的荧光发射光谱特征，能较好的进行区分检测，同时可通过比率型标准曲线的建立进行定量测定CYP1A单酶的检测下限为0.2nM/ml。
附图说明
图1.1，8-萘酰亚胺类化合物的结构通式；
图2.N-(3-羧丙基)-4-甲氧基-1，8-萘酰亚胺的1H-NMR谱图；
图3.N-(3-羧丙基)-4-甲氧基-1，8-萘酰亚胺的13C-NMR谱图；
图4.N-(3-羧丙基)-4-甲氧基-1，8-萘酰亚胺及其O-去甲基化代谢产物的紫外吸收光谱图(分别在372nm和450nm有最大吸收)；
图5.14例HLM对N-(3-羧丙基)-4-甲氧基-1，8-萘酰亚胺的代谢图；
图6.N-(3-羧丙基)-4-甲氧基-1，8-萘酰亚胺及其O-去甲基化代谢速率与非那西汀的O-脱乙基代谢速率的相关性分析实验；
图7.N-(3-羧丙基)-4-甲氧基-1，8-萘酰亚胺的人CYP重组单酶筛选试验结果；
图8.N-(3-羧丙基)-4-甲氧基-1，8-萘酰亚胺在人肝中的化学抑制实验结果；
图9.CYP1A介导N-(3-羧丙基)-4-甲氧基-1，8-萘酰亚胺的代谢通路；
图10.N-(3-羧丙基)-4-甲氧基-1，8-萘酰亚胺的合成路线。
具体实施方式
下面的实施例将对本发明予以进一步的说明，但并不因此而限制本发明。
本发明所采用的设备及其型号为：荧光发射/激发光谱是由SynergyH1全功能微孔板检测仪检测完成；1H-NMR谱图和13C-NMR谱图是由核磁共振波谱仪(Avance II 400MHz)检测完成。
实施例1
N-(3-羧丙基)-4-甲氧基-1，8-萘酰亚胺的合成路线
(1)化合物1的合成
将4.2mmol 4-氨基丁酸加入到含有1g(3.61mmol)4-溴-1，8萘酐的50ml乙醇溶液中，70-80℃反应过夜后，加入200ml水，析出大量固体，过滤，真空干燥得到米黄色固体N-(3-羧丙基)-4-溴-1，8-萘酰亚胺，产率80-90％。
(2)化合物2的合成
将800mg化合物1与2.54g碳酸钾置于100ml单口瓶中，加入30ml甲醇，60-70℃反应过夜后，冷却，用1M的盐酸将pH调至酸性，析出大量黄色固体，过滤，大量水洗，真空干燥得到黄色固体N-(3-羧丙基)-4-甲氧基-1，8-萘酰亚胺，产率80-90％。
化合物1、2的结构如图10所示，N-(3-羧丙基)-4-甲氧基-1，8-萘酰亚胺及其O-去甲基化代谢产物的紫外吸收光谱图如图4所示，分别在372nm和450nm有最大吸收；制备的产物的核磁共振波谱分析图2、图3所示，具体如下：
1H NMR(400MHz，DMSO)δ＝12.05(s，1H)，8.49(ddd，J＝8.4，7.8，1.1，2H)，8.43(d，J＝8.3，1H)，7.80(dd，J＝8.3，7.4，1H)，7.31(d，J＝8.4，1H)，4.13(s，3H)，4.06(t，J＝7.0，2H)，2.30(t，J＝7.4，2H)，1.88(p，J＝7.2，2H).13C NMR(100MHz，DMSO)23.59，31.82，39.33，56.99，116.36，114.39，122.01，122.86，126.45，131.15，133.39，160.48，163.27，163.93，174.45.HRMS[M+H]+313.0950，found 314.1025.
实施例2
N-(羧戊基)-4-甲氧基-1，8-萘酰亚胺的合成
(1)化合物N-(3-羧戊基)-4-溴-1，8-萘酰亚胺的合成
将4.2mmol 6-氨基己酸加入到含有1g(3.61mmol)4-溴-1，8萘酐的50ml乙醇溶液中，70-80℃反应过夜后，加入200ml水，析出大量固体，过滤，真空干燥得到米黄色固体N-(3-羧戊基)-4-溴-1，8-萘酰亚胺，产率80-90％。
(2)化合物N-(3-羧戊基)-4-甲氧基-1，8-萘酰亚胺的合成
将800mg化合物N-(3-羧戊基)-4-溴-1，8-萘酰亚胺与2.54g碳酸钾置于100ml单口瓶中，加入30ml甲醇，60-70℃反应过夜后，冷却，用1M的盐酸将pH调至酸性，析出大量黄色固体，过滤，大量水洗，真空干燥得到黄色固体N-(3-羧戊基)-4-甲氧基-1，8-萘酰亚胺，产率80-90％。
制备的产物的核磁共振波谱具体如下：
1H NMR(400MHz，DMSO)δ11.99(s，1H)，8.55-8.38(m，3H)，7.83-7.74(m，1H)，7.30(d，J＝8.4Hz，1H)，4.12(s，3H)，4.05-3.94(m，2H)，2.22(t，J＝7.3Hz，2H)，1.67-1.48(m，4H)，1.40-1.25(m，2H).13C NMR(100MHz，DMSO)δ174.87，163.63，162.96，160.34，133.18，130.97，128.47，128.17，126.25，122.72，121.84，114.27，106.17，56.80，33.96，27.70，26.54，24.68.HRMS[M+H]+341.1236，found342.1335.
实施例3
N-(4-羧基苯基)-4-甲氧基-1，8-萘酰亚胺的合成
(1)化合物N-(4-羧基苯基)-4-溴-1，8-萘酰亚胺的合成
将4.2mmol 4-氨基苯甲酸加入到含有1g(3.61mmol)4-溴-1，8萘酐的50ml乙酸溶液中，100-110℃反应过夜后，趁热过滤，用乙酸洗涤滤饼，真空干燥得到米黄色固体N-(4-羧基苯基)-4-溴-1，8-萘酰亚胺，产率30-40％。
(2)化合物N-(4-羧基苯基)-4-甲氧基-1，8-萘酰亚胺的合成
将800毫克化合物N-(4-羧基苯基)-4-溴-1，8-萘酰亚胺与2.54g碳酸钾置于100ml单口瓶中，加入30ml甲醇，60-70℃反应过夜后，冷却，用1M的盐酸将pH调至酸性，析出大量黄色固体，过滤，大量水洗，真空干燥得到黄色固体N-(4-羧基苯基)-4-甲氧基-1，8-萘酰亚胺，产率60-70％。
制备的产物的核磁共振波谱具体如下：
1H NMR(400MHz，DMSO)δ13.05(s，1H)，8.62(d，J＝7.9Hz，1H)，8.51(dd，J＝12.4，7.5Hz，2H)，8.12-8.03(m，2H)，7.87(t，J＝7.9Hz，1H)，7.52(d，J＝8.3Hz，2H)，7.38(d，J＝8.4Hz，1H)，4.16(s，3H).
实施例4.
体外测定人重组CYP单酶的选择性
(1)预先准备90μl CYP代谢反应体系，包括pH 7.4的PBS缓冲液(100mM)、重组人CYP各单酶(0.75nm/ml)，N-(3-羧丙基)-4-甲氧基-1，8-萘酰亚胺终浓度为10μM，于37℃条件下震荡预孵3分钟；
(2)向反应体系中加入10μl浓度为10mM的NADP+起始反应；
(3)40分钟后，加入50μl冰乙腈，剧烈震荡后，终止反应；
(4)用高速冷冻离心机在4℃，20,000×g的条件下，高速离心20分钟后，取上清，进行荧光检测(Ex＝372nm，Em＝450nm)；重组人CYP1A(1A1和1A2)酶的选择性最高约是其它单酶的10倍左右(图7)。
实施例5.
不同个体来源肝微粒体中CYP1A2的活性定量评估
(1)选取14例人肝微粒体(HLM)稀释至2.5mg/ml，准备CYP1A代谢反应体系，包括pH 7.4的PBS缓冲液(100mM)、人肝微粒体(0.25mg/ml)、NADP+10mM，6-磷酸葡萄糖100mM，葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶1unit/ml，MgCl240mM，N-(3-羧丙基)-4-甲氧基-1，8-萘酰亚胺终浓度为10μM，于37℃条件下震荡预孵3分钟；
(2)向反应体系中加入10μl浓度为10mM的NADP+起始反应；
(3)30分钟后，加入10μl冰乙腈，剧烈震荡后，终止反应；
(4)用高速冷冻离心机在4℃，20,000×g的条件下，高速离心20分钟后，取上清，进行荧光检测(Ex＝372nm，Em＝450nm)，将所获荧光强度代入标准曲线后得到14例人肝微粒体(HLM)对N-(3-羧丙基)-4-甲氧基-1，8-萘酰亚胺的代谢速率(图5)。
实施例6.
体外测定CYP1A的检测下限测定
实验在酶标仪上使用96孔板进行测定，N-(3-羧丙基)-4-甲氧基-1，8-萘酰亚 胺10μM，NADP+10mM，6-磷酸葡萄糖100mM，葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶1unit/ml，MgCl240mM，CYP1A2单酶0.1nM/ml～2nM/ml，pH 7.4的PBS缓冲液50mM，总体积为100μL，37℃下孵育1h后通过酶标仪分析，每组的平均值与不加CYP1A的对照组比较，结果表明0.2nM/ml的CYP1A具有统计学意义(P＜0.05)，因此确定CYP1A的检测下限为0.2nM/ml。
实施例7.
CYP1A时间标准曲线测定
实验在酶标仪上使用96孔板进行测定，N-(3-羧丙基)-4-甲氧基-1，8-萘酰亚胺10μM，NADP+10mM，6-磷酸葡萄糖100mM，葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶1unit/ml，MgCl240mM，CYP1A2单酶0.1nM/ml～2nM/ml，pH 7.4的PBS缓冲液50mM，总体积为100μL，37℃下孵育60min，每隔5分钟酶标仪分析，产物的荧光强度比底物的荧光强度的比值与孵育时间做标准曲线，每条标准曲线的R2＞0.99，表明标准曲线线性范围宽广，可准确定量CYP1A的含量。

Claims (6)

  1. 一种细胞色素氧化酶CYP1A的比率型荧光探针底物，其特征在于：该探针底物可被CYP1A特异性催化生成相应的去甲基化产物，该底物具有1，8-萘酰亚胺类结构，其结构式如下：
    Figure PCTCN2014000958-appb-100001
    其中，R为-COOH、苯甲酸、-SO3H中的任意一种，n为2～10。
  2. 一种如权利要求1所述细胞色素氧化酶CYP1A的比率型荧光探针底物的应用，其特征在于：采用该CYP1A亚酶的特异性底物，与含CYP1A的生物样品混合后进行酶促反应，通过定量检测单位时间内的底物消除率或其去甲基化产物的生成率来定量测定不同生物体系中CYP1A的活性，具体测定方法及条件如下：
    A.体系中以1，8-萘酰亚胺类化合物作为比率型探针底物；底物浓度选择1/10～10Km；单点测定时底物浓度优选Km；
    B.在PBS缓冲液中，反应温度为20～60℃之间，优选37℃为最优反应时间；孵育体系pH介于5.5～10.5之间，优选pH7.4为最优反应pH值；
    C.反应时间为5～120分钟，确保以上底物相应的O-去甲基化产物达到定量限且底物转化率不超过20％时终止反应；
    D.测定单位时间内底物减少量或O-去甲基化产物生成量作为CYP1A活性的评价指标。
  3. 按照权利要求2所述的细胞色素氧化酶CYP1A的比率型荧光探针底物应用，其特征还在于所述的生物体系为重组表达CYP1A单酶、人或动物组织制备液、各类哺乳动物组织细胞及其制备物中的任意一种。
  4. 按照权利要求2所述的细胞色素氧化酶CYP1A的比率型荧光探针底物的应用，其特征还在于：该探针底物及其去甲基化产物的荧光信号需采用不同检测波长去检测，去甲基化产物及底物的荧光检测条件分别为：激发波长450，372nm，最大发射波长分别为564，452nm。
  5. 一种如权利要求1所述的细胞色素氧化酶CYP1A的比率型荧光探针底物的应用，其特征在于：该探针底物还可用于CYP1A抑制剂的快速筛选及抑制能力的定量评价。
  6. 一种如权利要求1所述的细胞色素氧化酶CYP1A的比率型荧光探针底物的应用，其特征在于：该探针底物也可作为实验动物在体及整体CYP1A的探针底物，评估代谢酶CYP1A的个体及种属差异。
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