WO2015163269A1 - エピスルフィド系樹脂硬化物の製造方法 - Google Patents
エピスルフィド系樹脂硬化物の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2015163269A1 WO2015163269A1 PCT/JP2015/061947 JP2015061947W WO2015163269A1 WO 2015163269 A1 WO2015163269 A1 WO 2015163269A1 JP 2015061947 W JP2015061947 W JP 2015061947W WO 2015163269 A1 WO2015163269 A1 WO 2015163269A1
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- compound
- resin
- episulfide
- temperature
- polymerization
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G75/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing sulfur with or without nitrogen, oxygen, or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G75/02—Polythioethers
- C08G75/06—Polythioethers from cyclic thioethers
- C08G75/08—Polythioethers from cyclic thioethers from thiiranes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
- B29B7/80—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29B7/88—Adding charges, i.e. additives
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C35/00—Heating, cooling or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanising; Apparatus therefor
- B29C35/02—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould
- B29C35/04—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould using liquids, gas or steam
- B29C35/041—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould using liquids, gas or steam using liquids
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C39/00—Shaping by casting, i.e. introducing the moulding material into a mould or between confining surfaces without significant moulding pressure; Apparatus therefor
- B29C39/02—Shaping by casting, i.e. introducing the moulding material into a mould or between confining surfaces without significant moulding pressure; Apparatus therefor for making articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C39/00—Shaping by casting, i.e. introducing the moulding material into a mould or between confining surfaces without significant moulding pressure; Apparatus therefor
- B29C39/22—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C39/24—Feeding the material into the mould
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C39/00—Shaping by casting, i.e. introducing the moulding material into a mould or between confining surfaces without significant moulding pressure; Apparatus therefor
- B29C39/22—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C39/26—Moulds or cores
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C39/00—Shaping by casting, i.e. introducing the moulding material into a mould or between confining surfaces without significant moulding pressure; Apparatus therefor
- B29C39/22—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C39/38—Heating or cooling
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
- B29C45/0001—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor characterised by the choice of material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C67/00—Shaping techniques not covered by groups B29C39/00 - B29C65/00, B29C70/00 or B29C73/00
- B29C67/24—Shaping techniques not covered by groups B29C39/00 - B29C65/00, B29C70/00 or B29C73/00 characterised by the choice of material
- B29C67/246—Moulding high reactive monomers or prepolymers, e.g. by reaction injection moulding [RIM], liquid injection moulding [LIM]
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
- B29D11/00—Producing optical elements, e.g. lenses or prisms
- B29D11/00009—Production of simple or compound lenses
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B1/00—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements
- G02B1/04—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements made of organic materials, e.g. plastics
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B1/00—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements
- G02B1/04—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements made of organic materials, e.g. plastics
- G02B1/041—Lenses
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02C—SPECTACLES; SUNGLASSES OR GOGGLES INSOFAR AS THEY HAVE THE SAME FEATURES AS SPECTACLES; CONTACT LENSES
- G02C7/00—Optical parts
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2081/00—Use of polymers having sulfur, with or without nitrogen, oxygen or carbon only, in the main chain, as moulding material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2081/00—Use of polymers having sulfur, with or without nitrogen, oxygen or carbon only, in the main chain, as moulding material
- B29K2081/04—Polysulfides, e.g. PPS, i.e. polyphenylene sulfide or derivatives thereof
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
- B29L2011/00—Optical elements, e.g. lenses, prisms
- B29L2011/0016—Lenses
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G2120/00—Compositions for reaction injection moulding processes
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02C—SPECTACLES; SUNGLASSES OR GOGGLES INSOFAR AS THEY HAVE THE SAME FEATURES AS SPECTACLES; CONTACT LENSES
- G02C7/00—Optical parts
- G02C7/02—Lenses; Lens systems ; Methods of designing lenses
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for producing a cured episulfide resin.
- plastic materials have been widely used in various optical materials, particularly eyeglass lenses, because they are light and tough and easy to dye.
- the performance required for the optical material is low specific gravity, high transparency and low yellowness, high refractive index and high Abbe number as optical performance, high heat resistance, high strength and the like.
- a high refractive index allows the optical material to be miniaturized, and a high Abbe number reduces the chromatic aberration of the optical material.
- High strength facilitates secondary processing and is important from the viewpoint of safety and the like.
- an episulfide compound is used as a method for simultaneously realizing high refractive index, high Abbe number, and high heat resistance of optical performance.
- a resin composition containing the episulfide compound is injected into a desired mold one by one, and then a hot blast furnace.
- the polymer is cured by polymerization, and taken out from the mold.
- the resin composition comprising the compound has an extremely large ring-opening polymerization heat generation amount of episulfide groups, and it is necessary to use as small a mold as possible in order to easily control the heat generation.
- the heat removal does not work effectively, for example, if the thickness of the thinnest part of the space inside the mold exceeds about 2 centimeters, the polymerization exotherm cannot be completely removed, the composition temperature rises rapidly, and the resulting optical material becomes In some cases, the composition turned yellow, leading to rapid polymerization, and decomposition of the composition sometimes occurred.
- a small mold for example, if the lens is thick with a lens-shaped optical material, striae are likely to occur due to convection marks due to heat generated during polymerization, reducing the striae to a level that can be used as an optical material. It was difficult to do.
- Patent Document 1 a thick optical material such as a convex lens of an unprecedented size can be supplied from a large-sized episulfide-based resin cured product, and its usefulness is great, and development of a manufacturing method thereof has been desired.
- the problem to be solved by the present invention is for a resin containing a compound having two episulfide groups in the molecule, a compound having one or more thiol groups in one molecule, and a polymerization catalyst, which has a large polymerization exotherm and is difficult to remove.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a cured episulfide resin in which yellowing and striae of a large size are suppressed by polymerizing and curing the composition. Furthermore, the cured resin is cut to produce thick lenses such as convex lenses with the desired size and shape, transparent substrates and transparent films, eyeglass lenses, lenses, prisms, mirrors, beam splitters, filters, and other optical components. It is to provide good quality.
- the present inventors have found that a large-sized episulfide-based resin cured product can be produced by the following present invention without yellowing and rapid polymerization.
- an optical member having a desired size and shape can be produced by cutting the obtained episulfide-based resin cured product, resulting in the solution of the above problems. That is, the present invention is as follows.
- the maximum temperature of the heat medium in the step (C) is 55 to 110 ° C.
- the above episulfide-based resin cured product has at least a thickness of 1 cm or more and a volume of 50 cm 3 or more, and includes a rectangular parallelepiped of 1 cm ⁇ 5 cm ⁇ 5 cm or 3 cm ⁇ 3 cm ⁇ 10 cm ⁇ 1>
- the resin composition is polymerized between the step (B) and the step (C) while maintaining the temperature of the heat medium at 0 to 55 ° C. in the heat medium or in the shower.
- ⁇ 8> The production method according to ⁇ 7>, wherein 10 to 90% of the compound represented by the formula (1) is reacted in the step (D).
- ⁇ 9> A method for producing an optical component, comprising cutting an episulfide-based resin cured product obtained by the production method according to any one of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 8>.
- a large-sized high-refractive-index episulfide-based resin cured product with reduced yellowing and striae such as a thick lens such as a convex lens and a resin lump for an optical material used for cutting. it can.
- a cured episulfide resin having a size including a rectangular parallelepiped of 1 cm ⁇ 5 cm ⁇ 5 cm, 3 cm ⁇ 3 cm ⁇ 10 cm or 3 cm ⁇ 14 cm ⁇ 14 cm can be obtained.
- an optical component having a desired size and shape can be obtained by cutting the episulfide-based resin cured product.
- a thick lens of 1 cm, 2 cm, or 5 cm or more can be manufactured.
- a thick resin lump having a short side length of 1 cm, 2 cm, or 5 cm or more can be produced.
- the episulfide-based resin cured product can be cut to produce a transparent substrate and a transparent film, spectacle lenses, lenses, prisms, mirrors, beam splitters, filters, and other optical members having a desired size and shape. .
- the present invention includes a step (A) for obtaining a resin composition by mixing the following (a) compound, the following (b) compound and a polymerization catalyst, a step (B) for injecting the resin composition into a mold, A step (C) of sequentially heating the temperature of the heat medium containing a liquid having a conductivity of 0.2 W / m ⁇ K or more and polymerizing the resin composition in the heat medium or in the shower. And a method for producing an episulfide-based resin cured product in which the maximum temperature of the heat medium in the step (C) is 55 to 110 ° C., and a method for producing an optical component by cutting the episulfide-based resin cured product.
- (B) Compound having one or more thiol groups in one molecule
- the compound (a) in the present invention is a compound having two episulfide groups in the molecule represented by the above formula (1), specifically, bis ( ⁇ -epithiopropyl) sulfide, bis ( ⁇ - Epithiopropyl) disulfide, bis ( ⁇ -epithiopropyl) trisulfide, bis ( ⁇ -epithiopropylthio) methane, 1,2-bis ( ⁇ -epithiopropylthio) ethane, 1,3-bis ( ⁇ -Epithiopropylthio) propane, 1,2-bis ( ⁇ -epithiopropylthio) propane, 1,4-bis ( ⁇ -epithiopropylthio) butane, and bis ( ⁇ -epithiopropylthioethyl) sulfide And one or more episulfide compounds selected from the group consisting of:
- preferred specific examples are bis ( ⁇ -epithiopropyl) sulfide represented by the following formula and bis ( ⁇ -epithiopropyl) disulfide represented by the following formula, and the most preferred specific example is bis ( ⁇ - Epithiopropyl) sulfide.
- the compound (b) in the present invention includes all compounds having one or more thiol groups in one molecule. Specific examples thereof include methyl mercaptan, ethyl mercaptan, n-propyl mercaptan, n-butyl mercaptan, allyl.
- the (b) compound in the present invention is not limited to these compounds, and these may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- a compound having two or more mercapto groups per molecule is preferable. More preferably, bis (2-mercaptoethyl) sulfide, 2,5 bis (mercaptomethyl) 1,4,1 dithiane, m-xylylenedithiol, 4-mercaptomethyl-1,8-dimercapto-3,6- Dithiaoctane, pentaerythritol tetrakis (2-mercaptoacetate), pentaerythritol tetrakis (3-mercaptopropionate), and pentaerythritol tetrakis (3-mercaptobutyrate).
- the proportion of the compound (a) in the resin composition of the present invention is usually 25% by mass or more, preferably 30% by mass or more, more preferably 32.5% by mass or more.
- the ratio of the (b) compound in the resin composition of this invention is 0.5 mass% or more normally, Preferably it is 1 mass% or more, More preferably, it is 2.5 mass% or more.
- the total ratio of the (a) compound and the (b) compound in the resin composition of the present invention is usually 25.5% by mass or more, preferably 31% by mass or more, and more preferably 35% by mass or more.
- the ratio of the compound (a) to the compound (b) in the resin composition of the present invention is generally determined by various physical properties such as optical properties, strength, heat resistance, etc.
- the polymerization catalyst to be added for polymerization curing of the compounds (a) and (b) in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it exhibits polymerization curing, but amines, phosphines, Examples include quaternary ammonium salts and quaternary phosphonium salts.
- the polymerization catalyst may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- Preferred examples include quaternary ammonium salts such as tetra-n-butylammonium bromide, triethylbenzylammonium chloride, cetyldimethylbenzylammonium chloride, 1-n-dodecylpyridinium chloride, tetra-n-butylphosphonium bromide, tetraphenylphosphonium.
- quaternary phosphonium salts such as bromide.
- more preferred specific examples are triethylbenzylammonium chloride and tetra-n-butylphosphonium bromide.
- the addition amount of the polymerization catalyst is 0.001 to 5 parts by weight, preferably 0.002 to 5 parts by weight, more preferably 0 to 100 parts by weight of the total of the compounds (a) and (b). 0.005 to 3 parts by weight.
- the resin composition containing the compounds (a) and (b) and a polymerization catalyst is polymerized as necessary for the purpose of extending the pot life and dispersing the polymerization heat during the polymerization and curing.
- Regulators can be added.
- the polymerization regulator include silicon, germanium, tin, and antimony halides. Preferred are chlorides of silicon, germanium, tin and antimony, and more preferred are chlorides of germanium, tin and antimony having an alkyl group.
- dibutyltin dichloride butyltin trichloride
- dioctyltin dichloride octyltin trichloride
- dibutyldichlorogermanium butyltrichlorogermanium
- diphenyldichlorogermanium phenyltrichlorogermanium
- triphenylantimony dichloride triphenylantimony dichloride.
- the addition amount of the polymerization regulator is 0.001 to 5 parts by weight, preferably 0.002 to 5 parts by weight, more preferably 100 parts by weight of the total of the compounds (a) and (b). 0.005 to 3 parts by weight.
- the resin composition containing the compound (a) and (b) and a polymerization catalyst in the present invention various additives such as known antioxidants, bluing agents, ultraviolet absorbers, deodorants, It is of course possible to further improve the practicality of the resulting material by adding a compound capable of reacting with the compounds (a) and / or (b) other than the compounds (a) and (b) as required.
- a known external and / or internal adhesion improver is used, or when it is difficult to peel off from the mold, a known external and / or internal release property is obtained. It is also effective to apply the improver to a glass or metal mold used for polymerization and curing, or to add to the resin composition to improve the adhesiveness or releasability between the obtained cured resin and the mold. .
- the material of the mold to be injected when polymerizing and curing the resin composition in the present invention is only required to maintain a certain shape, and examples thereof include metal, glass, resin, paper, and the like. It can also be used as a mold.
- the method for producing the cured episulfide resin of the present invention is specifically described below.
- the step (A) of mixing the compound (a) and (b) with the polymerization catalyst to obtain a resin composition comprises at least the (a) and (b) compound and the polymerization catalyst, if necessary, the polymerization regulator, By stirring and mixing the components usually at 0 ° C. to 45 ° C., preferably 5 ° C. to 40 ° C., more preferably 10 ° C. to 40 ° C., for a resin containing at least the compounds (a) and (b) and a polymerization catalyst It is a process of obtaining a composition.
- all the components may be mixed in the same container under stirring at the same time, or may be added and mixed stepwise, or several components may be mixed separately and then remixed in the same container.
- Mixing may be carried out in the presence of a gas such as nitrogen, oxygen, hydrogen, hydrogen sulfide, etc., in any atmosphere such as sealed under normal pressure or increased or reduced pressure, or under reduced pressure, but mixed degassing is performed under reduced pressure. Then, since the transparency of the resin cured material obtained by polymerization hardening improves, it is preferable.
- the time required for the stirring and mixing step for obtaining the resin composition is not limited, but is usually 0 to 24 hours, preferably 0 to 12 hours, and more preferably 0.5 to 6 hours.
- the reaction rate of the compound of formula (1) is preferably 0 to 15%, more preferably 0.1 to 10%.
- the reaction rate of the compound of formula (1) can be calculated from the peak area of 1385 to 1425 cm ⁇ 1 , which is the characteristic absorption of the cured product, from the infrared absorption spectrum (IR).
- IR infrared absorption spectrum
- the reaction rate at the initial stage of the reaction can also be measured by GPC analysis.
- the step (B) of injecting the resin composition into the mold is not particularly limited as long as it is a method in which the resin composition obtained in the above step is injected into the mold, but no bubbles are involved in the resin composition. Furthermore, it is preferable from the viewpoint of further improving the quality of the cured resin product of the present invention, to purify the resin composition by filtering the impurities for each step before and / or during the injection into the mold.
- the pore size of the filter used here is usually 0.05 to 10 ⁇ m, and generally 0.1 to 5.0 ⁇ m is used, and PTFE, PET, PP, etc. are preferably used as the filter material.
- the polymerization process for polymerizing the resin composition is generally performed in a hot air furnace.
- an episulfide compound such as the compound (a) generates a large amount of heat due to polymerization, it is important to efficiently remove the heat generated outside the system when producing a large resin lump. Therefore, in the method of the present invention, a heat medium containing a liquid having a higher thermal conductivity than air is used as the heat medium.
- the thermal conductivity is required to be 0.2 W / m ⁇ K or more, preferably 0.5 W / m ⁇ K or more.
- the heat medium used in the present invention is preferably composed of a liquid having a thermal conductivity of 0.2 W / m ⁇ K or more.
- the boiling point of a heat medium should just be more than the temperature required for superposition
- the temperature of the heat medium may become higher than the temperature to be controlled due to the heat generated by polymerization, but this overheating may cause the cured product to turn yellow, or in some cases, rapid polymerization may lead to decomposition of the composition. . Therefore, in order to prevent the heat medium from rising to an undesirably high temperature, the boiling point of the heat medium is preferably 120 ° C. or lower.
- the heat medium include water, aqueous solution, ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, glycerin, ionic liquid, and the like, and two or more kinds may be mixed and used. Particularly preferred is water for ease of handling and economic reasons, in addition to having a suitable thermal conductivity and boiling point. Normally, the thermal conductivity of water is 0.60 to 0.67 W / m ⁇ K, the thermal conductivity of ethylene glycol is 0.25 W / m ⁇ K, and the thermal conductivity of glycerin is 0.29 W / m ⁇ K. -K.
- Polymerization of the resin composition is performed by heating in a heat medium filled in a bathtub equipped with a heating and cooling device or in a shower thereof.
- a device for stirring or circulating the heat medium may be used.
- the polymerization process is suitable for the present invention by passing through the process (D) (optional process) for holding and polymerizing at a low temperature and then passing through the two stages of the process (C) (essential process) for polymerizing by raising the temperature. It is preferable to obtain a cured episulfide resin.
- the step (D) of maintaining and polymerizing at a low temperature is not necessarily required, but yellowing (coloring), striae, and clouding of the obtained episulfide-based resin cured product can be more reliably suppressed.
- the reaction rate of the compound of the formula (1) is in the range of 10 to 90%.
- the reaction rate is more preferably in the range of 10 to 80%, still more preferably 20 to 70%.
- the reaction rate is lower than 10%, the reaction time becomes long and is not suitable as an industrial production method, and the exothermic heat may not be controlled in the next step of raising the temperature and polymerizing, and coloring may occur.
- the temperature of the heat medium is preferably 0 to 55 ° C, more preferably 5 to 50 ° C, and particularly preferably 10 to 40 ° C. If the temperature of the heat medium is higher than that, rapid polymerization may occur and the heat cannot be completely removed, and the cured product may be yellowed or decomposed. On the other hand, if it is lower than that, the reaction rate of the compound of the formula (1) does not increase, and as a result, rapid polymerization may occur in the next step of polymerization by raising the temperature, resulting in yellowing and decomposition reaction.
- the step (C) of raising the temperature is performed.
- the polymerization is preferably performed so that the reaction rate of the compound of the formula (1) is in the range of 95 to 100%.
- the reaction rate is lower than 95%, the glass transition temperature may be lowered due to insufficient curing.
- the maximum temperature of the heat medium is 55 to 110 ° C, preferably 55 to 95 ° C, more preferably 70 to 90 ° C. When the maximum temperature of the heat medium is lower than 55 ° C., the reaction rate does not increase.
- the transferability of the mold may deteriorate due to the decrease in the volume in the mold due to the polymerization shrinkage of the resin composition, so the transferability can be improved by opening the mold so that the mold does not become a closed system.
- a shape-deformable container filled with a pressure adjusting gas or a cylinder provided with an opening for equalizing the external pressure in a part of the mold can be mounted on the mold.
- the shape-deformable container include resin film bags such as rubber balloons, polyethylene film bags, polyvinyl fluoride film bags, and PET film bags. More preferably, an opening for equalizing the external pressure is provided in a part of the mold for ease of handling and economical reasons.
- the episulfide-based resin cured product obtained in the polymerization step may be used as an optical component as it is if it has already been cast into a mold having a desired shape. On the other hand, after taking out from the mold, it may be cut into a desired shape. Examples of the cutting process include a cutting process using a wire saw and a blade saw, and a polishing process. There is no particular limitation on the equipment and method for cutting. Moreover, although there is no restriction
- the cured resin may be annealed before and after cutting and polishing.
- the annealing temperature is preferably near the glass transition temperature of the resin, specifically 70 ° C. to 120 ° C. If the temperature is lower than that, the effect of annealing is insufficient and the deformation does not return, and if the temperature is higher than that, there is a possibility that undesirable effects such as discoloration of the resin may occur.
- the annealing time is preferably 0 to 3 hours. The deformation can be sufficiently restored within a time within this range.
- a small environmental tester SU-221 manufactured by Espec was used for the hot stove.
- Example 1 (A) 225 g of bis ( ⁇ -epithiopropyl) sulfide as the compound, 25 g of bis (2-mercaptoethyl) sulfide as the compound (b), and 0.25 g of tetra-n-butylphosphonium bromide as the polymerization catalyst at 20 ° C. for 1 hour The mixture was stirred to make a uniform solution. This was then filtered through a 0.5 ⁇ m PTFE filter, poured into a mold consisting of two 83 mm ⁇ flat lens glass molds and a 30 mm thick resin gasket, and placed in a water bath (water thermal conductivity 0.60-0. The temperature was increased from 20 ° C. to 72 ° C.
- Example 2 Polymerization and curing in the same manner as in Example 1 except that instead of using a 30 mm thick resin gasket, two 83 mm ⁇ flat lens glass molds were used and a mold having a 10 mm thickness between the molds using an adhesive tape was used. The resin cured product was manufactured. The obtained cured resin was colorless and transparent, and no striae was observed.
- Example 3 A cured resin was produced by polymerizing and curing in the same manner as in Example 1 except that an ethylene glycol bath (thermal conductivity 0.25 W / m ⁇ K, boiling point 197 ° C.) was used instead of using a water bath. The obtained cured resin was colorless and transparent, and no striae was observed.
- an ethylene glycol bath thermal conductivity 0.25 W / m ⁇ K, boiling point 197 ° C.
- Comparative example 1 (use of a hot stove) Polymerization curing was attempted in the same manner as in Example 1 except that a hot stove (air thermal conductivity 0.02 W / m ⁇ K) was used instead of the water bath.
- the resin composition turned red due to rapid polymerization, and a normal resin cured product could not be obtained.
- Comparative example 2 (use of hot stove) A cured resin was produced by polymerizing and curing in the same manner as in Example 2 except that a hot stove was used instead of using a water bath. The obtained cured resin was colorless and transparent, but there were many striae.
- Example 4 (A) 225 g of bis ( ⁇ -epithiopropyl) sulfide as the compound, 25 g of bis (2-mercaptoethyl) sulfide as the compound (b), and 0.25 g of tetra-n-butylphosphonium bromide as the polymerization catalyst at 20 ° C. for 1 hour The mixture was stirred to make a uniform solution. Next, this was filtered through a 0.5 ⁇ m PTFE filter, poured into a polypropylene container having an inner diameter of 5 cm and a height of 10 cm, and sealed with a polypropylene screw cap. In a water bath, the temperature rising rate was kept constant from 20 ° C.
- the temperature was raised to 80 ° C. and polymerized and cured to produce a cured resin.
- the obtained cured resin was colorless and transparent, and no striae was observed.
- the resin cured product was slightly peeled from the polypropylene container.
- Example 5 A cured resin was produced by polymerizing and curing in the same manner as in Example 4 except that a hole of ⁇ 1 mm was formed in the upper part of a polypropylene container, and that the pressure inside the container and the external pressure were kept constant.
- the obtained cured resin was colorless and transparent, had no striae, and was excellent in polypropylene container shape transferability.
- Comparative example 3 (use of hot stove) Polymerization curing was attempted in the same manner as in Example 4 except that a hot stove was used instead of a water bath. The resin composition turned red due to rapid polymerization, and a normal resin cured product could not be obtained.
- Comparative Example 4 (use of silicone oil bath) Polymerization and curing were attempted in the same manner as in Example 4 except that a silicone oil bath (KF-54 manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd., thermal conductivity 0.13 W / m ⁇ K) was used instead of using a water bath. The resin composition turned red due to rapid polymerization, and a normal resin cured product could not be obtained.
- a silicone oil bath KF-54 manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd., thermal conductivity 0.13 W / m ⁇ K
- Comparative Example 5 (difference in maximum temperature of bath) Instead of using a water bath, an ethylene glycol bath is used, and instead of increasing the temperature from 20 ° C. to 80 ° C. over 72 hours, the temperature increase rate is kept constant from 20 ° C. to 120 ° C. over 120 hours. Polymerization curing was attempted in the same manner as in Example 4. The obtained cured resin was colored yellow.
- Example 6 (A) 225 g of bis ( ⁇ -epithiopropyl) sulfide as the compound, 25 g of bis (2-mercaptoethyl) sulfide as the compound (b), 0.18 g of tetra-n-butylphosphonium bromide as the polymerization catalyst at 20 ° C. for 1 hour The mixture was stirred to make a uniform solution. Next, this was filtered through a 0.5 ⁇ m PTFE filter, poured into a polypropylene container having an inner diameter of 5 cm and a height of 10 cm, and sealed with a polypropylene screw cap. After being kept at a constant temperature at 30 ° C. for 24 hours in a water bath, the temperature was raised to 80 ° C. over 48 hours at a constant rate of temperature rise and polymerized to produce a cured resin. The obtained cured resin was colorless and transparent, and no striae was observed.
- Example 7 (A) 225 g of bis ( ⁇ -epithiopropyl) sulfide as the compound, 25 g of bis (2-mercaptoethyl) sulfide as the compound (b), 0.25 g of tetra-n-butylphosphonium bromide as the polymerization catalyst, di-acid as the polymerization regulator -0.1 g of n-butyltin dichloride was mixed and stirred at 20 ° C to obtain a uniform solution. Next, this was filtered through a 0.5 ⁇ m PTFE filter, poured into a polypropylene container having an inner diameter of 5 cm and a height of 10 cm, and sealed with a polypropylene screw cap.
- the temperature was increased from 40 ° C. in a water bath to a temperature of 80 ° C. over 72 hours, followed by polymerization and curing to produce a cured resin.
- the obtained cured resin was colorless and transparent, and no striae was observed.
- the resin cured product was slightly peeled from the polypropylene container.
- Comparative Example 6 (Use of a hot stove) Polymerization curing was attempted in the same manner as in Example 5 except that a hot stove was used instead of a water bath. The resin composition turned red due to rapid polymerization, and a normal resin cured product could not be obtained.
- Example 8 (A) 225 g of bis ( ⁇ -epithiopropyl) sulfide as the compound, 25 g of m-xylylene thiol as the compound (b) and 0.25 g of tetra-n-butylphosphonium bromide as the polymerization catalyst were mixed and stirred at 20 ° C. Liquid. Next, this was filtered through a 0.5 ⁇ m PTFE filter, poured into a polypropylene container having an inner diameter of 5 cm and a height of 10 cm, and sealed with a polypropylene screw cap. Using a constant temperature circulator, the control water temperature of the constant temperature circulator is increased from 20 ° C. to 80 ° C.
- Example 9 (A) 900 g of bis ( ⁇ -epithiopropyl) sulfide as the compound, 100 g of bis (2-mercaptoethyl) sulfide as the compound (b) and 1.00 g of tetra-n-butylphosphonium bromide as the polymerization catalyst at 20 ° C. (1 Time) Mixing and stirring were performed to obtain a uniform solution. Next, this was filtered through a 0.5 ⁇ m PTFE filter, poured into a polypropylene container having an inner diameter of 4 cm, a width of 15 cm, and a depth of 15 cm, and sealed with a screw cap. The temperature was increased from 20 ° C. in a water bath to a temperature of 80 ° C. over 72 hours, followed by polymerization and curing to produce a cured resin. The obtained cured resin was colorless and transparent, and no striae was observed.
- Comparative Example 7 (difference in the maximum temperature of the bath) In the same manner as in Example 9, it was poured into a polypropylene container and sealed with a screw cap. After holding at 20 ° C. for 10 hours, the temperature rising rate was kept constant, the temperature was raised to 120 ° C. over 24 hours and polymerized and cured to produce a cured resin. The obtained cured resin was colored yellow and striae was also observed.
- Example 10 As in Example 9, it was poured into a polypropylene container, and after inserting an in-line IR probe, it was sealed with a screw cap. After holding at 20 ° C. for 10 hours, the temperature rising rate was kept constant and the temperature was raised to 80 ° C. over 48 hours to be polymerized and cured to produce a cured resin. The reaction rate at the stage of holding at 20 ° C. for 10 hours was 10%. The obtained cured resin was colorless and transparent, and no striae was observed.
- Example 11 As in Example 9, it was poured into a polypropylene container, and after inserting an in-line IR probe, it was sealed with a screw cap. After holding at 20 ° C. for 80 hours, the temperature rising rate was kept constant, the temperature was raised to 80 ° C. over 48 hours and polymerized to produce a cured resin. The reaction rate at the stage of maintaining at 20 ° C. for 80 hours was 90%. The obtained cured resin was colorless and transparent, and no striae was observed.
- Example 12 The cured resin obtained in Example 4 was cut with a rotary blade cutter to obtain a resin lump having a diameter of 5 cm and a thickness of 2 cm. This was fixed to a polishing apparatus using a low melting point alloy and a jig, and after roughing into a lens shape, sanding and polishing were performed to obtain a transparent lens member.
- Example 13 The cured resin obtained in Example 9 was cut with a wire saw to obtain a substrate (20 sheets) having a length of 10 cm, a width of 10 cm, and a thickness of 1 mm.
- the obtained substrate was put into a hot stove and heated at 100 ° C. for 1 hour.
- the heated substrate was smoothed by polishing the surface with a polishing apparatus.
- the polished substrate was cut into a round shape having a diameter of 4.5 cm, and four transparent lens members were obtained from one transparent substrate.
- Example 14 A cured resin was produced by polymerizing and curing in the same manner as in Example 1 except that a glycerin bath (thermal conductivity 0.29 W / m ⁇ K, boiling point 290 ° C.) was used instead of using a water bath. The obtained cured resin was colorless and transparent, and no striae was observed.
- a glycerin bath thermal conductivity 0.29 W / m ⁇ K, boiling point 290 ° C.
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Abstract
Description
一方、眼鏡レンズをはじめとする高屈折率かつ高アッベ数のエピスルフィド化合物の硬化物を製造する際には、エピスルフィド化合物を含む樹脂用組成物を所望の鋳型に一つ一つ注入した後に熱風炉等に入れて重合して硬化させ、鋳型から取り出して取得している。これは、該化合物からなる樹脂用組成物は、エピスルフィド基の開環重合発熱量が極めて大きく、発熱の制御を容易にするためには、できる限り小型の鋳型を用いる必要があるためである。除熱が有効に働かない場合、例えば鋳型内部の空間のうち最も薄い部分の厚さが約2センチメートルを超える場合、重合発熱が除熱しきれず組成物温度が急上昇し、得られる光学材料が黄変する、場合によっては急速重合に至って組成物の分解反応が起こることがあった。また、小型の鋳型を用いる場合でさえも、例えばレンズ形状の光学材料でレンズが厚い場合では重合時の発熱による対流痕によって脈理が生じ易く、脈理を光学材料として使用可能な水準まで低減することは困難であった。
このように、できる限り小型の鋳型を用いると除熱の制御が比較的容易になり、眼鏡レンズを始め光学材料に適した硬化物を製造することができるが、(1)鋳型を製造に必要な数だけ揃える必要があることや、(2)一つ一つの鋳型に樹脂用組成物を注型する必要があるため、製造コストがかかり生産性も低いという欠点があった。そのため、光学材料に適した黄変および脈理フリーの大きなサイズの、エピスルフィド系樹脂硬化物を製造することができれば、それを切削加工して光学部材にすることで大幅な製造コストの低減が可能となる。また、大きなサイズのエピスルフィド系樹脂硬化物から、これまでにない大きさの凸レンズなどの厚い光学材料を給することができ有用性は大きく、その製造方法の開発が望まれていた(特許文献1~4参照)。
即ち、本発明は以下の通りである。
<1> 下記(a)化合物、下記(b)化合物および重合触媒を混合して樹脂用組成物を得る工程(A)と、
該樹脂用組成物を鋳型に注入する工程(B)と、
熱伝導率が0.2W/m・K以上の液体を含む熱媒体中、またはそのシャワーの中で、前記熱媒体の温度を昇温して前記樹脂用組成物を重合させる工程(C)とを順次有し、
前記工程(C)における熱媒体の最高温度が55~110℃である、エピスルフィド系樹脂硬化物の製造方法である。
(a)下記(1)式で表される分子内に2個のエピスルフィド基を有する化合物
<2> 前記熱媒体の熱伝導率が0.5W/m・K以上であることを特徴とする上記<1>に記載の製造方法。
<3> 前記熱媒体の沸点が60℃以上120℃以下であることを特徴とする上記<1>又は<2>に記載の製造方法である。
<4> 前記熱媒体の沸点が95℃以上120℃以下であることを特徴とする上記<3>に記載の製造方法である。
<5> 前記熱媒体が水であることを特徴とする上記<4>に記載の製造方法である。
<6> 前記エピスルフィド系樹脂硬化物の大きさが、少なくとも厚さが1cm以上、かつ体積が50cm3以上であり、1cm×5cm×5cmあるいは3cm×3cm×10cmの直方体を内包する上記<1>~<5>のいずれかに記載の製造方法である。
<7> 前記工程(B)と工程(C)との間に、前記熱媒体中またはそのシャワーの中で、前記熱媒体の温度を0~55℃に保持して前記樹脂用組成物を重合させる工程(D)を有する上記<1>~<6>のいずれかに記載の製造方法である。
<8> 前記工程(D)において、前記(1)式で表される化合物の10~90%を反応させる上記<7>に記載の製造方法である。
<9> 上記<1>~<8>のいずれかに記載の製造方法により得られるエピスルフィド系樹脂硬化物を切削加工することを特徴とする光学部品の製造方法である。
また、エピスルフィド系樹脂硬化物を切削加工することで、所望のサイズと形状を有する光学部品を得ることができる。具体的には、1cm、2cmあるいは5cm以上の厚いレンズを製造することができる。
本発明によれば、短辺の長さが1cm、2cmあるいは5cm以上の厚い樹脂塊を製造することができる。そして、そのエピスルフィド系樹脂硬化物を切削加工して所望のサイズと形状を有した透明基板および透明フィルム、眼鏡レンズ、レンズ、プリズム、ミラー、ビームスプリッタ、フィルター、その他光学部材を製造することができる。
(a)下記(1)式で表される分子内に2個のエピスルフィド基を有する化合物
(b)チオール基を1分子中に1個以上有する化合物
本発明の樹脂用組成物における、(a)化合物と(b)化合物との割合は、各化合物の種類によって得られる樹脂硬化物の光学特性、強度、耐熱性など各種物性等により一概には決められないが、通常は(a)化合物50~99重量部に対して(b)化合物50~1重量部、好ましくは(a)化合物60~98重量部に対して(b)化合物40~2重量部、さらに好ましくは(a)化合物65~95重量部に対して(b)化合物35~5重量部である。(a)化合物が50重量部を下回ると耐熱性が低下する場合があり、99重量部を上回ると樹脂硬化物の耐光性が著しく低下する場合がある。
(a)および(b)化合物と重合触媒を混合して樹脂用組成物を得る工程(A)は、少なくとも(a)および(b)化合物と重合触媒、必要に応じて重合調節剤、前記任意成分を通常は0℃~45℃で、好ましくは5℃~40℃、より好ましくは10℃~40℃で撹拌混合することにより、少なくとも(a)および(b)化合物と重合触媒を含む樹脂用組成物を得る工程である。この際、全ての成分を同一容器内で同時に撹拌下に混合しても、段階的に添加混合しても、数成分を別々に混合後さらに同一容器内で再混合しても良い。混合は窒素、酸素、水素、硫化水素などの気体の存在下、常圧または加減圧による密閉下または減圧下等の任意の雰囲気下で行ってもよいが、減圧下での混合脱気を実施すると、重合硬化により得られる樹脂硬化物の透明性が向上するため好ましい。
低温で保持して重合させる工程(D)では、(1)式の化合物の反応率を10~90%の範囲となるように重合させることが好ましい。反応率は、より好ましくは10~80%、さらに好ましくは20~70%の範囲である。反応率が10%より低いと、反応時間が長くなり工業的製法として適していないことと、次の、昇温して重合させる工程にて発熱を制御できなくて着色してしまうことがある。一方、反応率が90%より大きいと、長時間の低温保持が必要であり、曇りが発生しやすくなる。低温で保持して重合させる工程(D)では、熱媒体の温度は好ましくは0~55℃、より好ましくは5~50℃、特に好ましくは10~40℃である。それより熱媒体の温度が高いと、急速重合に至って除熱しきれず硬化物の黄変や分解反応が起きることがある。また、それより低いと、(1)式の化合物の反応率が上がらず、結果として次の昇温して重合させる工程で急速重合に至って黄変、分解反応に至る場合がある。
これらの切削加工工程を経て、透明基板および透明フィルム、眼鏡レンズ、レンズ、プリズム、ミラー、ビームスプリッタ、フィルター、その他光学部品を製造することができる。
[反応率]=([所定の反応時点での1385~1425cm-1のピーク面積]/[硬化物の1385~1425cm-1のピーク面積])×100(%)
として算出した。
回転刃切断機はマルトー社製ラボカッターMC-120を、レンズの荒削りにはSatislor社製VFT-Orbitを、レンズの砂掛け及び研磨にはSatislor社製TORO-X-2SLを、ワイヤーソー切断にはコマツNTC社製MWM442DMを、平面研磨には浜井産業社製ポリッシュ盤16BNを、インラインIRはメトラー・トレド社製ReactIR45mをそれぞれ用いた。
(a)化合物としてビス(β-エピチオプロピル)スルフィド225g、(b)化合物としてビス(2-メルカプトエチル)スルフィド25g、重合触媒としてテトラ-n-ブチルホスホニウムブロマイド0.25gを20℃で1時間混合撹拌して均一液とした。ついでこれを0.5μmのPTFEフィルターで濾過し、83mmφの平板レンズ用ガラスモールド2枚と30mm厚の樹脂製ガスケットからなる鋳型に注入し、水浴中(水の熱伝導率0.60~0.67W/m・K(20~80℃)、沸点100℃)で20℃から72時間かけて昇温速度を一定にして80℃に昇温し重合硬化させ、樹脂硬化物を製造した。得られた樹脂硬化物は無色透明であり、脈理も見られなかった。
30mm厚の樹脂製ガスケットを用いるかわりに83mmφの平板レンズ用ガラスモールド2枚を、粘着テープを用いてモールド間を10mm厚に組んだ鋳型を使用する以外は実施例1と同様の方法で重合硬化を行い、樹脂硬化物を製造した。得られた樹脂硬化物は無色透明であり、脈理も見られなかった。
水浴を用いるかわりにエチレングリコール浴(熱伝導率0.25W/m・K、沸点197℃)を使用する以外は実施例1と同様の方法で重合硬化を行い、樹脂硬化物を製造した。得られた樹脂硬化物は無色透明であり、脈理も見られなかった。
水浴を用いるかわりに熱風炉(空気の熱伝導率0.02W/m・K)を使用する以外は実施例1と同様の方法で重合硬化を試みた。樹脂用組成物は急速重合により赤変し、正常な樹脂硬化物は得られなかった。
水浴を用いるかわりに熱風炉を使用する以外は実施例2と同様の方法で重合硬化を行い、樹脂硬化物を製造した。得られた樹脂硬化物は無色透明であったが、脈理が多く見られた。
(a)化合物としてビス(β-エピチオプロピル)スルフィド225g、(b)化合物としてビス(2-メルカプトエチル)スルフィド25g、重合触媒としてテトラ-n-ブチルホスホニウムブロマイド0.25gを20℃で1時間混合撹拌して均一液とした。ついでこれを0.5μmのPTFEフィルターで濾過し、内径5cm、高さ10cmのポリプロピレン製容器に注入し、ポリプロピレン製スクリューキャップで密栓した。水浴中で20℃から72時間かけて昇温速度を一定にして80℃に昇温し重合硬化させ、樹脂硬化物を製造した。得られた樹脂硬化物は無色透明であり、脈理も見られなかった。樹脂硬化物はポリプロピレン製容器からわずかなハガレが見られた。
ポリプロピレン製容器の上部にφ1mmの穴を空け、容器内部の空隙部分と外部の圧力を均圧に保った以外は実施例4と同様の方法で重合硬化を行い、樹脂硬化物を製造した。得られた樹脂硬化物は無色透明であり、脈理も見られずさらに、ポリプロピレン製容器形状の転写性に優れていた。
水浴を用いるかわりに熱風炉を使用する以外は実施例4と同様の方法で重合硬化を試みた。樹脂用組成物は急速重合により赤変し、正常な樹脂硬化物は得られなかった。
水浴を用いるかわりにシリコーンオイル浴(信越化学工業社製KF-54、熱伝導率0.13W/m・K)を使用する以外は実施例4と同様の方法で重合硬化を試みた。樹脂用組成物は急速重合により赤変し、正常な樹脂硬化物は得られなかった。
水浴を用いるかわりにエチレングリコール浴を使用し、且つ20℃から72時間かけて80℃に昇温するかわりに20℃から120時間かけて昇温速度を一定にして120℃に昇温する以外は実施例4と同様の方法で重合硬化を試みた。得られた樹脂硬化物は黄色に着色した。
(a)化合物としてビス(β-エピチオプロピル)スルフィド225g、(b)化合物としてビス(2-メルカプトエチル)スルフィド25g、重合触媒としてテトラ-n-ブチルホスホニウムブロマイド0.18gを20℃で1時間混合撹拌して均一液とした。ついでこれを0.5μmのPTFEフィルターで濾過し、内径5cm、高さ10cmのポリプロピレン製容器に注入し、ポリプロピレン製スクリューキャップで密栓した。水浴中、30℃で24時間一定温度に保持したのち、一定の昇温速度で48時間かけて80℃に昇温し重合硬化させ、樹脂硬化物を製造した。得られた樹脂硬化物は無色透明であり、脈理も見られなかった。
(a)化合物としてビス(β-エピチオプロピル)スルフィド225g、(b)化合物としてビス(2-メルカプトエチル)スルフィド25g、重合触媒としてテトラ-n-ブチルホスホニウムブロマイド0.25g、重合調整剤としてジ-n-ブチルスズジクロライド0.1gを20℃で混合撹拌して均一液とした。ついでこれを0.5μmのPTFEフィルターで濾過し、内径5cm、高さ10cmのポリプロピレン製容器に注入し、ポリプロピレン製スクリューキャップで密栓した。水浴中で40℃から昇温速度を一定にして72時間かけて80℃に昇温し重合硬化させ、樹脂硬化物を製造した。得られた樹脂硬化物は無色透明であり、脈理も見られなかった。樹脂硬化物はポリプロピレン製容器からわずかなハガレが見られた。
水浴を用いるかわりに熱風炉を使用する以外は実施例5と同様の方法で重合硬化を試みた。樹脂用組成物は急速重合により赤変し、正常な樹脂硬化物は得られなかった。
(a)化合物としてビス(β-エピチオプロピル)スルフィド225g、(b)化合物としてm-キシリレンジチオール25g、重合触媒としてテトラ-n-ブチルホスホニウムブロマイド0.25gを20℃で混合撹拌して均一液とした。ついでこれを0.5μmのPTFEフィルターで濾過し、内径5cm、高さ10cmのポリプロピレン製容器に注入し、ポリプロピレン製スクリューキャップで密栓した。恒温循環装置を用い、樹脂用組成物の入った容器に連続的に水シャワーをかけ流しながら、恒温循環装置の制御水温を20℃から昇温速度を一定にして72時間かけて80℃に昇温し、樹脂硬化物を製造した。得られた樹脂硬化物は無色透明であり、脈理も見られなかった。樹脂硬化物はポリプロピレン製容器からわずかなハガレが見られた。
(a)化合物としてビス(β-エピチオプロピル)スルフィド900g、(b)化合物としてビス(2-メルカプトエチル)スルフィド100g、重合触媒としてテトラ-n-ブチルホスホニウムブロマイド1.00gを20℃で(1時間)混合撹拌して均一液とした。ついでこれを0.5μmのPTFEフィルターで濾過し、内径が縦4cm、横15cm、奥行き15cmのポリプロピレン製容器に注入し、スクリューキャップで密栓した。水浴中で20℃から昇温速度を一定にして72時間かけて80℃に昇温し重合硬化させ、樹脂硬化物を製造した。得られた樹脂硬化物は無色透明であり、脈理も見られなかった。
実施例9と同じようにポリプロピレン製容器に注入し、スクリューキャップで密栓した。20℃で10時間保持したのち、昇温速度を一定にして24時間かけて120℃に昇温し重合硬化させ、樹脂硬化物を製造した。得られた樹脂硬化物は黄色く着色し、脈理も見られた。
実施例9と同じようにポリプロピレン製容器に注入し、インラインIRプローブを差し込んだのちスクリューキャップで密栓した。20℃で10時間保持したのち、昇温速度を一定にして48時間かけて80℃に昇温し重合硬化させ、樹脂硬化物を製造した。20℃で10時間保持した段階の反応率は10%であった。得られた樹脂硬化物は無色透明であり、脈理も見られなかった。
実施例9と同じようにポリプロピレン製容器に注入し、インラインIRプローブを差し込んだのちスクリューキャップで密栓した。20℃で80時間保持したのち、昇温速度を一定にして48時間かけて80℃に昇温し重合硬化させ、樹脂硬化物を製造した。20℃で80時間保持した段階の反応率は90%であった。得られた樹脂硬化物は無色透明であり、脈理も見られなかった。
実施例4で得られた樹脂硬化物を回転刃切断機で切断し、直径5cm、厚さ2cmの樹脂塊を得た。これを低融点合金および治具を用いて研磨装置に固定し、レンズ形状に荒削りしたのちに砂掛け処理および研磨処理を行い、透明レンズ部材を得た。
実施例9で得られた樹脂硬化物をワイヤーソーで切断し、縦10cm、横10cm、厚さ1mmの基板(20枚)を得た。得られた基板を熱風炉に入れて100℃で1時間加熱した。加熱後の基板を研磨装置で表面を研磨して平滑にした。研磨後の基板を直径4.5cmの丸型に切出して、透明基板1枚から透明レンズ部材を4枚得た。
水浴を用いるかわりにグリセリン浴(熱伝導率0.29W/m・K、沸点290℃)を使用する以外は実施例1と同様の方法で重合硬化を行い、樹脂硬化物を製造した。得られた樹脂硬化物は無色透明であり、脈理も見られなかった。
Claims (9)
- 前記熱媒体の熱伝導率が0.5W/m・K以上であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の製造方法。
- 前記熱媒体の沸点が60℃以上120℃以下であることを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の製造方法。
- 前記熱媒体の沸点が95℃以上120℃以下であることを特徴とする請求項3に記載の製造方法。
- 前記熱媒体が水であることを特徴とする請求項4に記載の製造方法。
- 前記エピスルフィド系樹脂硬化物の大きさが、少なくとも厚さが1cm以上、かつ体積が50cm3以上であり、1cm×5cm×5cmあるいは3cm×3cm×10cmの直方体を内包する請求項1~5のいずれかに記載の製造方法。
- 前記工程(B)と工程(C)との間に、前記熱媒体中またはそのシャワーの中で、前記熱媒体の温度を0~55℃に保持して前記樹脂用組成物を重合させる工程(D)を有する請求項1~6のいずれかに記載の製造方法。
- 前記工程(D)において、前記(1)式で表される化合物の10~90%を反応させる請求項7に記載の製造方法。
- 請求項1~8のいずれかに記載の製造方法により得られるエピスルフィド系樹脂硬化物を切削加工することを特徴とする光学部品の製造方法。
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