WO2015154709A1 - 洗涤用水制取装置 - Google Patents

洗涤用水制取装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015154709A1
WO2015154709A1 PCT/CN2015/076242 CN2015076242W WO2015154709A1 WO 2015154709 A1 WO2015154709 A1 WO 2015154709A1 CN 2015076242 W CN2015076242 W CN 2015076242W WO 2015154709 A1 WO2015154709 A1 WO 2015154709A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
water
porous membrane
anode
cathode
washing water
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PCT/CN2015/076242
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
肖志邦
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大连双迪创新科技研究院有限公司
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Priority to JP2017504227A priority Critical patent/JP6291627B2/ja
Priority to US15/301,431 priority patent/US10246354B2/en
Priority to KR1020167029733A priority patent/KR101911158B1/ko
Publication of WO2015154709A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015154709A1/zh

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
    • C02F1/461—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
    • C02F1/46104—Devices therefor; Their operating or servicing
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
    • C02F1/461—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
    • C02F1/461—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
    • C02F1/467—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis by electrochemical disinfection; by electrooxydation or by electroreduction
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
    • C02F1/461—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
    • C02F1/467—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis by electrochemical disinfection; by electrooxydation or by electroreduction
    • C02F1/4672—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis by electrochemical disinfection; by electrooxydation or by electroreduction by electrooxydation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
    • C25B9/17—Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodes; Assemblies of constructional parts thereof
    • C25B9/19—Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodes; Assemblies of constructional parts thereof with diaphragms
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
    • C02F1/461—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
    • C02F1/46104—Devices therefor; Their operating or servicing
    • C02F1/46109—Electrodes
    • C02F2001/46133—Electrodes characterised by the material
    • C02F2001/46138—Electrodes comprising a substrate and a coating
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
    • C02F1/461—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
    • C02F1/46104—Devices therefor; Their operating or servicing
    • C02F1/46109—Electrodes
    • C02F2001/46152—Electrodes characterised by the shape or form
    • C02F2001/46157—Perforated or foraminous electrodes
    • C02F2001/46161—Porous electrodes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2201/00—Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
    • C02F2201/46—Apparatus for electrochemical processes
    • C02F2201/461—Electrolysis apparatus
    • C02F2201/46105—Details relating to the electrolytic devices
    • C02F2201/46115—Electrolytic cell with membranes or diaphragms
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2201/00—Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
    • C02F2201/46—Apparatus for electrochemical processes
    • C02F2201/461—Electrolysis apparatus
    • C02F2201/46105—Details relating to the electrolytic devices
    • C02F2201/4616—Power supply
    • C02F2201/46175—Electrical pulses
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
    • C02F2303/04—Disinfection

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a preparation device for washing water, belonging to the technical field of electrochemical and membrane filtration water treatment.
  • washing assistants such as washing powder, surfactant and the like are often added to the water. If there is a considerable amount of air bubbles in the wash water, it will help to remove and remove the dirt of the item. The more bubbles in the water, the smaller the smaller, the longer the duration, the more favorable the deep penetration into the interior of the item being washed, the better the washing effect.
  • One of the functions of washing powder is to generate bubbles. However, the bubbles generated by the general washing powder are too large, and it is difficult to rinse a large amount of foam.
  • the disclosed bubble generation technology for assisting washing such as mechanical high pressure bubble generation technology used in a washing machine, ultrasonic technology, etc., the bubble particle size is still large, and the device is complicated and inefficient;
  • the existing principle of washing powder washing machine using separator electrolysis is to electrolyze water into weakly alkaline water (pH between 9-11, which is equivalent to weak alkaline water after washing powder is melted in water), and clothing
  • the saponification reaction of the dirt causes the washing water to generate active oxygen and hydrochloric acid. Washing is poor because it has only a single function of decontamination by alkaline saponification.
  • the technical problem solved by the present invention is to propose a device which can produce water having a large amount of ultrafine bubbles and strong oxidizing factors and having excellent reducing washing water.
  • a washing water preparation device comprising a water container respectively provided with a water inlet and a water outlet, wherein the water container is provided with at least a pair of cathode electrodes and The anode electrode has a water-permeable porous membrane sandwiched between the pair of cathode electrodes and the anode electrode without a gap, and the area of the water-permeable porous membrane opposite to the cathode electrode or the anode electrode is smaller than that of the cathode electrode or the anode electrode The area of the opposite side of the water permeable porous membrane.
  • the water permeable porous membrane described in the above technical solution is also called a water permeable membrane or a water permeable barrier membrane, and refers to a membrane which can penetrate water molecules, and has a water permeability pore diameter ranging from millimeter to nanometer, including various filtration membranes used for daily water treatment. Such as: ultrafiltration membrane (UF), nanofiltration membrane (NF) and microfiltration membrane (MF), and so on.
  • UF ultrafiltration membrane
  • NF nanofiltration membrane
  • MF microfiltration membrane
  • the water permeable porous membrane has a water permeability pore diameter of 2 mm or more and 1 nm or more.
  • a further improvement of the above technical solution of the present invention is that the surface of one of the cathode electrode and the anode electrode is opened.
  • a further improvement of the above technical solution of the present invention is that the ratio of the minimum area of the water permeable porous membrane to the cathode electrode and the anode electrode is 4:5 to 3:5.
  • the technical solution of the present invention is further improved in that the cathode and the anode are powered by an asymmetric alternating pulse power source; the forward and reverse pulse peaks of the power source are 5 to 36 volts, and the pulse frequency is 10 ⁇ 20 Hz.
  • the cathode and the anode electrodes are inert electrodes made of a circular titanium-based coating of a platinum group oxide, and the water-permeable porous membrane adopts an average hydrophobic pore diameter of 0.01.
  • the above technical solution of the present invention is further improved in that the water permeable porous membrane is a single layer or a plurality of layers.
  • a large number of ultra-micro bubbles mainly composed of hydrogen are formed in the water
  • the water also contains a considerable amount of strong oxidizing factors, such as hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ), ozone O 3 , hydroxyl radical ⁇ OH, etc., and macroscopically exhibits certain sterilization and disinfection. ability.
  • H 2 O 2 hydrogen peroxide
  • ozone O 3 hydroxyl radical ⁇ OH, etc.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of a washing water preparation device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic view showing a modified structure of a washing water preparation device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the washing water preparation device of the present embodiment includes a water container 1 provided with a water inlet 5 and a water outlet 6, respectively, and the water container 1 is an open container.
  • a pair of cathode electrodes 2 and anode electrodes 3 are disposed in the water container 1, and a water-permeable porous membrane 4 is interposed between the pair of cathode electrodes 2 and the anode electrodes 3, and the porous membrane 4 and the cathode electrode are interposed.
  • 2 or the area of the opposite side of the anode electrode 3 is smaller than the side of the cathode electrode 2 or the anode electrode 3 and the water-permeable porous membrane 4 The area of the face.
  • the water permeable porous membrane 4 has a water permeability diameter of 2 mm or less and 1 nm or more.
  • the cathode electrode 2 and the anode electrode 3 of the present embodiment each adopt an inert electrode made of a circular titanium-coated platinum group oxide having an equal area, and the water-permeable porous membrane 4 has an average hydrophobic pore diameter of 0.01 to 0.05 ⁇ m.
  • the single-layer circular planar ultrafiltration membrane has an ultrafiltration membrane thickness of 0.2 to 1 mm.
  • the area ratio of the ultrafiltration membrane to the minimum electrode is 4:5 (may also be 3:5).
  • the cathode electrode 2 and the anode electrode 3 of the embodiment are powered by an asymmetric alternating pulse power source; the forward and reverse pulse peaks of the power source are 5 to 36 volts, and the pulse frequency is 10 to 20 Hz.
  • the cathode electrode 2 and the anode electrode 3 exhibit a membrane-free electrolysis method, a cathode hydrogen evolution, and an anode oxygen evolution.
  • the interelectrode gap is small, the electrolysis reaction is more intense than usual, and a small electrolysis voltage can generate a large electrolysis current.
  • the water-permeable porous membrane 4 is sandwiched between the negative and negative electrodes, without gaps (zero spacing), and forms a thin water storage three-dimensional space composed of numerous minute voids. Water molecules are limited to electrolysis in each micropore space. Due to the zero-pitch electrolysis, the hydrogen evolution of the cathode electrode 2 and the oxygen evolution of the anode electrode 3 are difficult to carry out, and can only be dynamically stored in the micropore space in an ionic state, or combined with reduction to water, and then electrolyzed to hydrogen ions and hydroxides again. ion.
  • an environment similar to a plasma state (a gaseous state, an atomic state, or an ionic state) is formed inside the water-permeable porous film, resulting in an increase in local pressure and temperature, and outside the water-permeable porous film 4.
  • a certain pressure difference and temperature difference between the edge side and the space between the cathode and the cathode.
  • the hydroxide ions and the like which are restricted in the polyporous space in the microporous space are diffused along the radially outer side of the porous porous membrane 4, and are added to the membrane-free electrolytic reaction in the space between the outer edge of the porous porous membrane 4 and the electrodes. in.
  • Oxygen atoms or OH ions in the space between the outer edge of the porous membrane 4 and the cathodes of the anode and the cathode are further converted into H 2 O 2 by hydrogen bonding reaction before generating oxygen; Loss of electrons becomes ⁇ OH; part of O 2 combines with O to become O 3 .
  • the amount of integrated strong oxidizing factors in the aqueous solution increases.
  • the washing water preparation device of the present embodiment may have: 1. a large amount of ultra-fine bubbles mainly composed of hydrogen are formed in water; 2. excellent reductive property, and the oxidation-reduction potential is negative; 3.
  • the material of the electrolytic anode is non-carbon material, the water also contains a considerable amount of strong oxidizing factors, such as hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ), ozone O 3 , hydroxyl radical ⁇ OH, etc., and macroscopically exhibits certain sterilization and disinfection. ability.
  • the variation of the washing water preparation apparatus of the present embodiment and the first embodiment is: 1) opening a hole in the surface of one of the cathode electrode 1 and the anode electrode; 2) the water holding container 1 is a closed container. .
  • the washing water preparation device of the present invention is not limited to the specific technical solutions described in the above embodiments, for example: 1) the cathode electrode 2 and the anode electrode 3 may also be two pairs or more pairs; 2) the water permeable porous membrane 4 is also It may be a superposition of two or more layers of ultrafiltration membranes; 3) the shape of the ultrafiltration membrane may also be square, and the like. All technical solutions formed by equivalent replacement are the scope of protection required by the present invention.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Water Treatment By Electricity Or Magnetism (AREA)
  • Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
  • Electrodes For Compound Or Non-Metal Manufacture (AREA)
  • Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种洗涤用水制取装置，属于电化学与膜过滤水处理技术领域。该装置包括分别设有进水口和出水口的盛水容器，所述盛水容器内设有至少一对阴电极和阳电极，成对阴电极和阳电极之间无间隙地夹持有透水性多孔膜，所述透水性多孔膜与所述阴电极或阳电极相对侧面的面积小于所述阴电极或阳电极与透水性多孔膜相对侧面的面积。该装置可生成含有大量超微气泡和强氧化因子并具有极好还原性洗涤用水。

Description

洗涤用水制取装置 技术领域
本发明涉及一种洗涤用水的制取装置，属于电化学与膜过滤水处理技术领域。
背景技术
在生活与工农业生产中，用水洗涤物品的场合比比皆是。例如，洗衣、果蔬清洗、洗澡、洗碗、工业零件清洗，等等。洗涤的目的是清除物品上附着的各种污染物。
为强化洗涤，提高洗涤质量，往往在水中添加各种洗涤助剂，例如洗衣粉、表面活性剂等。若洗涤水中具有相当数量的气泡，将有助于对物品污垢的洗净去除。水中气泡越多，越细小，持续时间越长，越有利于深度渗透到被洗涤物品的内部，洗涤效果越好。洗衣粉的作用之一，是产生气泡。但是一般洗衣粉产生的气泡太大，而且产生大量泡沫难以漂洗干净。已公示的帮助洗涤的气泡发生技术，例如用于洗衣机中的机械高压气泡发生技术、超声波技术、等等，气泡粒径仍然较大，而且装置比较复杂，效率不高；
众所周知，洗涤剂的大量使用，不仅造成严重的环境污染，而且洗涤剂往往残留在被洗对象上形成新的污染。例如，残留有洗衣粉的衣服很容易引起皮肤过敏导致皮肤病，而洗碗时往往冲洗多遍仍不能将残留洗洁精冲洗干净。为了减少洗涤剂对环境的污染以及要求对洗涤物品漂白、杀菌、消毒，目前已发展有各种特殊技术。例如在洗涤剂中加漂白剂，或者开发提高洗涤用水杀菌能力的臭氧技术、加盐(氯化钠)电解产生次氯酸离子、原子氧技术，以及利用酸性水杀菌消毒，等等。然而上述技术不足是，要么是单一性的杀菌消毒作用，或者是性价比不高，以致迄今还难以得到普遍应用。现有的采用有隔离膜电解的免洗衣粉洗衣机原理是将水电解为弱碱性水(PH值为9－11之间，相当于洗衣粉融于水后的弱碱性水)，与衣物污垢发生皂化反应，并使洗衣水产生活性氧和氢氯酸。由于其只有碱性皂化反应去污的单一功能，因此洗涤不佳。
发明内容
本发明解决的技术问题是：提出一种可生成含有大量超微气泡和强氧化因子并具有极好还原性洗涤用水的装置。
为了解决上述技术问题，本发明提出的技术方案是：一种洗涤用水制取装置，包括分别设有进水口和出水口的盛水容器，所述盛水容器内设有至少一对阴电极和阳电极，成对阴电极和阳电极之间无间隙地夹持有透水性多孔膜，所述透水性多孔膜与所述阴电极或阳电极相对侧面的面积小于所述阴电极或阳电极与透水性多孔膜相对侧面的面积。
上述技术方案中所述透水性多孔膜也叫透水膜或透水性隔离膜，是指可以穿透水分子的隔膜，其透水孔径从毫米级到纳米级，包括日常水处理使用的各种过滤膜，如：超滤膜(UF)、纳滤膜(NF)和微滤膜(MF)，等。
上述本发明技术方案的改进是：所述透水性多孔膜的透水孔径小于等于2毫米且大于等于1纳米。
上述本发明技术方案进一步的改进是：所述阴电极和阳电极之一的表面开孔。
上述本发明技术方案再进一步的改进是：所述透水性多孔膜与所述阴电极和阳电极中的最小面积之比是4：5～3：5。
上述本发明技术方案进一步的完善是：所述阴、阳电极采用非对称交变脉冲电源进行供电；所述电源的正向和反向脉冲峰值电平均是5～36伏特，其脉冲频率是10～20赫兹。
上述本发明技术方案再进一步的完善是：所述阴、阳电极均是采用圆形钛基覆涂铂族氧化物制成的惰性电极，所述透水性多孔膜采用的是平均疏水孔径为0.01～0.05微米的圆形平面超滤膜片，所述透水性多孔膜的厚度是0.2～1mm。
上述本发明技术方案更进一步的完善是：所述透水性多孔膜是单层或多层。
本发明的洗涤用水制取装置的有益效果是：
1、水中形成有大量以氢气为主的超微气泡；
2、具有极好的还原性，其氧化还原电位为负值；
3、当电解阳极材质为非碳材料时，水中还含有相当数量的强氧化因子，如双氧水(H2O2)、臭氧O3、羟基自由基·OH等，宏观表现出具有一定的杀菌消毒能力。
上述有益效果的原因机理说明参见后面具体实施方式中的有关制取机理分析。
附图说明
下面结合附图对本发明的洗涤用水制取装置作进一步说明。
图1是本发明实施例洗涤用水制取装置的结构示意图。
图2是本发明实施例洗涤用水制取装置的一种变化结构示意图。
具体实施方式
实施例一
本实施例的洗涤用水制取装置参见图1，包括分别设有进水口5和出水口6的盛水容器1，盛水容器1为敞开式容器。在盛水容器1内设有一对阴电极2、阳电极3，在这一对阴电极2和阳电极3之间无间隙地夹持有透水性多孔膜4，透水性多孔膜4与阴电极2或阳电极3相对侧面的面积小于阴电极2或阳电极3与透水性多孔膜4相对侧 面的面积。透水性多孔膜4的透水孔径小于等于2毫米且大于等于1纳米。
本实施例的阴电极2和阳电极3均采用的是相等面积的圆形钛基覆涂铂族氧化物制成的惰性电极，透水性多孔膜4采用的是平均疏水孔径为0.01～0.05微米的单层圆形平面超滤膜片，超滤膜片厚度0.2～1mm。超滤膜片与最小电极的面积比是4：5(也可以是3：5)。
本实施例的阴电极2、阳电极3采用非对称交变脉冲电源进行供电；电源的正向和反向脉冲峰值电平均是5～36伏特，其脉冲频率是10～20赫兹。
本实施例的洗涤用水制取装置的制取机理分析如下：
1、在透水性多孔膜4的外缘侧，阴电极2、阳电极3两电极之间表现为无膜电解方式，阴极析氢，阳极析氧。但是由于电极间间隙很小，电解反应较一般情况激烈，很小的电解电压就能产生很大的电解电流。
2、无间隙(零间距)夹持在不开孔阴、阳两电极内的透水性多孔膜4，形成由无数微小空隙构成的薄型储水立体空间。水分子被限定在各个微孔空间内电解。由于是零间距电解，阴电极2析氢气和阳电极3析氧气过程难以进行，只能以离子态动态存储在微孔空间，或者又结合还原为水，然后再次电解为氢离子和氢氧根离子。这样反复的结果，在透水性多孔膜内部形成了剧烈反应的类似于等离子态(气态、原子态、离子态共存)的环境，导致局部压力和温度升高，与在透水性多孔膜4的外缘侧与阴、阳两电极之间的空间相比，存在一定的压力差、温度差。于是，限制在微孔空间内多态共存的氢氧离子等将沿透水性多孔膜4的径向外侧进行扩散，加入到透水性多孔膜4外缘与两电极之间空间的无膜电解反应中。
3、由于透水性多孔膜4中扩散离子的加入，透水性多孔膜4外缘与阴、阳两电极之间空间的无膜电解反应更加剧烈。由于氢的分子量小，在此剧烈反应中更容易获得阴极电子而相变成氢气溢出，在水中生成远较常规电解方法为多的氢气(泡)，或以氢原子乃至负氢离子的形式进入水中，使得水的氧化还原电位快速下降。氢气的渗透力极强，富含大量氢气泡的水用于洗涤，能够深度渗入物品内部，效果较之其它气泡要好得多。水的氧化还原电位低，十分有利于将水中的重金属、农药、有机物等污染物还原清除。
4、处于透水性多孔膜4外缘与阴、阳两电极之间空间的氧原子或OH根离子，更多地在生成氧气之前，进一步与氢结合反应转化为H2O2；OH根则失去电子成为·OH；部分O2与O结合成为O3。最终导致水溶液中综合强氧化因子数量增加。
由以上分析可知，本实施例的洗涤用水制取装置可以具有：1、在水中形成有大量以氢气为主的超微气泡；2、具有极好的还原性，其氧化还原电位为负值；3、当电解阳极材质为非碳材料时，水中还含有相当数量的强氧化因子，如双氧水(H2O2)、臭氧O3、羟基自由基·OH等，宏观表现出具有一定的杀菌消毒能力。
实施例二
如图2所示，本实施例的洗涤用水制取装置与实施例一的变化是：1)在阴电极1和阳电极之一的表面开孔；2)盛水容器1为封闭式容器。。
本发明的洗涤用水制取装置不局限于上述实施例所述的具体技术方案，比如：1)阴电极2和阳电极3也可以是二对或更多对；2)透水性多孔膜4也可以是双层或多层超滤膜片叠加而成；3)超滤膜片的形状也可以是方形，等等。凡采用等同替换形成的技术方案均为本发明要求的保护范围。

Claims (7)

  1. 一种洗涤用水制取装置，包括分别设有进水口和出水口的盛水容器，所述盛水容器内设有至少一对阴电极和阳电极，其特征在于：成对阴电极和阳电极之间无间隙地夹持有透水性多孔膜，所述透水性多孔膜与所述阴电极或阳电极相对侧面的面积小于所述阴电极或阳电极与透水性多孔膜相对侧面的面积。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述洗涤用水制取装置，其特征在于：所述透水性多孔膜的透水孔径小于等于2毫米且大于等于1纳米。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述洗涤用水制取装置，其特征在于：所述阴电极和阳电极之一的表面开孔。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述洗涤用水制取装置，其特征在于：所述透水性多孔膜与所述阴电极和阳电极中的最小面积之比是4：5～3：5。
  5. 根据权利要求1-4之任一所述洗涤用水制取装置，其特征在于：所述阴、阳电极采用非对称交变脉冲电源进行供电；所述电源的正向和反向脉冲峰值电平均是5～36伏特，其脉冲频率是10～20赫兹。
  6. 根据权利要求1-4之任一所述洗涤用水制取装置，其特征在于：所述阴、阳电极均是采用圆形钛基覆涂铂族氧化物制成的惰性电极，所述透水性多孔膜采用的是平均疏水孔径为0.01～0.05微米的圆形平面超滤膜片，所述透水性多孔膜的厚度是0.2～1mm。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述洗涤用水制取装置，其特征在于：所述透水性多孔膜是单层或多层。
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