WO2015119192A1 - 合わせガラスの製造方法 - Google Patents
合わせガラスの製造方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2015119192A1 WO2015119192A1 PCT/JP2015/053226 JP2015053226W WO2015119192A1 WO 2015119192 A1 WO2015119192 A1 WO 2015119192A1 JP 2015053226 W JP2015053226 W JP 2015053226W WO 2015119192 A1 WO2015119192 A1 WO 2015119192A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- laminated glass
- glass
- laminated
- heating
- glass plate
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10807—Making laminated safety glass or glazing; Apparatus therefor
- B32B17/1099—After-treatment of the layered product, e.g. cooling
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10807—Making laminated safety glass or glazing; Apparatus therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
- B32B37/06—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the heating method
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
- B32B37/10—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the pressing technique, e.g. using action of vacuum or fluid pressure
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60J—WINDOWS, WINDSCREENS, NON-FIXED ROOFS, DOORS, OR SIMILAR DEVICES FOR VEHICLES; REMOVABLE EXTERNAL PROTECTIVE COVERINGS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES
- B60J1/00—Windows; Windscreens; Accessories therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2605/00—Vehicles
- B32B2605/006—Transparent parts other than made from inorganic glass, e.g. polycarbonate glazings
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B23/00—Re-forming shaped glass
- C03B23/02—Re-forming glass sheets
- C03B23/023—Re-forming glass sheets by bending
- C03B23/025—Re-forming glass sheets by bending by gravity
- C03B23/0252—Re-forming glass sheets by bending by gravity by gravity only, e.g. sagging
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B23/00—Re-forming shaped glass
- C03B23/02—Re-forming glass sheets
- C03B23/023—Re-forming glass sheets by bending
- C03B23/025—Re-forming glass sheets by bending by gravity
- C03B23/0258—Gravity bending involving applying local or additional heating, cooling or insulating means
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for producing laminated glass.
- Laminated glass in which an interlayer film is sandwiched between two glass plates is widely used in various fields such as vehicles such as automobiles and buildings.
- a laminated body in which a glass plate, an interlayer film, and a glass plate are laminated in this order is heated and pressed to obtain a laminated glass, and then a component (display panel, room) is formed on the glass surface by post-processing with heating.
- a mirror base, a rain sensor, or the like) may be attached, or a cured film (ultraviolet cut film, water repellent film, etc.) may be formed (for example, Patent Document 1).
- the inventors of the present invention have found that when post-processing with heating is performed for attaching parts, forming a cured film, etc., the laminated film may be deformed due to softening of the intermediate film by heating. In particular, when it is necessary to heat the entire surface of the laminated glass, such as when a display panel is attached, distortion is likely to occur in the laminated glass.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a laminated glass capable of suppressing the deformation of the laminated glass when the laminated glass is post-processed with heating.
- the present invention provides a method for producing a laminated glass having the following configurations [1] to [11].
- Laminated glass having a first glass plate, a second glass plate facing the first glass plate, and an intermediate film sandwiched between the first glass plate and the second glass plate
- a method for producing a laminated glass having the following steps (1) to (3): (1) A step of superposing the first glass plate, the intermediate film, and the second glass plate in this order to form a laminated body, and heating and pressurizing the laminated body to obtain a laminated glass; (2) A step of performing post-processing with heating on the laminated glass obtained in step (1); and (3) After step (2), the laminated glass is cooled while holding at least a part of its peripheral edge. Process.
- the amount of change in the maximum bending depth of the laminated glass obtained in step (3) with respect to the maximum bending depth of the laminated glass obtained in step (1) is 5 mm or less.
- the manufacturing method of any one laminated glass. [9] The laminated glass according to any one of [1] to [8], wherein the amount of change in the curvature of the laminated glass obtained in step (3) is 1 mm or less relative to the curvature of the laminated glass obtained in step (1). Manufacturing method. [10] The method for producing a laminated glass according to any one of [1] to [9], wherein the laminated glass is a laminated glass for a windshield of a vehicle. [11] The method for producing a laminated glass according to [10], wherein the vehicle is an automobile.
- the method for producing a laminated glass of the present invention deformation of the laminated glass can be suppressed even when the laminated glass is post-processed with heating. Moreover, the manufacturing method of the laminated glass of this invention can be used also as a method of correcting the deformation
- FIG. 1 is a plan view showing an example of a laminated glass obtained by the production method of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA of the laminated glass of FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the laminated glass of FIG. 1 taken along the line BB.
- FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of the manufacturing method of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing an example of a frame-shaped holder used in the manufacturing method of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing another example of a frame-shaped holder used in the manufacturing method of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a plan view showing the position for supporting the laminated glass and the measurement position of the curvature.
- FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing a state in which the laminated glass is supported by a SUS pipe in Comparative Example 1.
- ⁇ Laminated glass> 1 to 3 are diagrams showing an example of a laminated glass obtained by the production method of the present invention.
- the laminated glass 10 includes a first glass plate 12, a second glass plate 14 facing the first glass plate 12, and an intermediate film 16 sandwiched between the first glass plate 12 and the second glass plate 14. And have.
- the laminated glass 10 is bent so that the surface 10a side is concave.
- two display panels 20 are attached to the surface 10a of the laminated glass 10 with an adhesive.
- the maximum bending depth of the laminated glass 10 can be appropriately set according to the application, and is preferably 5 to 60 mm, more preferably 10 to 50 mm.
- the “maximum bending depth” is also referred to as “double”, and is the maximum bending depth of the laminated glass in which the glass plate is bent into a concave shape by bending, and when the convex side of the laminated glass faces downward. It means the length of a perpendicular drawn from the deepest point of the concave portion of the laminated glass to a straight line connecting the opposite peripheral edges of the laminated glass.
- the “maximum bending depth” of the laminated glass 10 is determined from the deepest point a of the concave portion on the surface 10a of the first glass plate 12 of the laminated glass 10 when the convex side of the laminated glass 10 is directed downward.
- the length d of the perpendicular drawn to the straight line L which connects the opposing periphery (upper side and lower side) in the 1st glass plate 12 of the laminated glass 10 is meant.
- the greater the maximum curvature depth the greater the degree of curvature.
- the material of the first glass plate 12 and the second glass plate 14 is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include inorganic glasses such as soda lime glass, borosilicate glass, alkali-free glass, and quartz glass.
- the material of the 1st glass plate 12 and the 2nd glass plate 14 may be the same, and may differ.
- the shape and size of the first glass plate 12 and the second glass plate 14 are not particularly limited, and can be determined as appropriate according to applications such as automobile window glass and building window glass.
- the planar shape of the first glass plate 12 and the second glass plate 14 in this example is such that the lower side 11b side is wider than the upper side 11a side.
- the 1st glass plate 12 is curving so that the center part 12a may become a concave shape lower than the peripheral part 12b, when the convex side of the laminated glass 10 is turned downward.
- the 2nd glass plate 14 is curving so that the center part 14a may become concave shape lower than the peripheral part 14b, when the convex side of the laminated glass 10 is made downward.
- the shape of the first glass plate 12 and the shape of the second glass plate 14 are the same.
- the thicknesses of the first glass plate 12 and the second glass plate 14 can be appropriately determined according to the application, and are preferably 0.5 to 3.0 mm, more preferably 1.0 to 2.5 mm.
- the thickness of the 1st glass plate 12 and the 2nd glass plate 14 may be the same, and may differ.
- the intermediate film 16 is sandwiched between the first glass plate 12 and the second glass plate 14.
- a thermoplastic material usually used for an intermediate film of laminated glass can be employed, and examples thereof include polyvinyl butyral.
- the intermediate film 16 may be a single layer or a multilayer.
- the thickness of the intermediate film 16 is preferably 0.2 to 1.0 mm, more preferably 0.3 to 0.8 mm.
- the display panel 20 is adhered to the surface 10a of the laminated glass 10 with an adhesive.
- the display panel 20 is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a liquid crystal panel.
- the use of the display panel 20 is not particularly limited. For example, when the laminated glass 10 is used for a windshield of an automobile, the display panel 20 can function as a sun visor.
- the number, shape, and size of the display panel 20 are not particularly limited, and may be determined as appropriate according to the application.
- the position where the display panel 20 is pasted on the surface 10a of the laminated glass 10 is not particularly limited, and may be appropriately determined according to the application. In this example, two rectangular display panels 20 are stuck side by side in the horizontal direction on the upper side 11 a side of the surface 10 a of the laminated glass 10.
- laminated glass is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include window glass for vehicles such as automobiles, window glass for buildings, and the like.
- the method for manufacturing the laminated glass 10 of the present embodiment includes the following steps (1) to (3).
- the curved first glass plate 12 and second glass plate 14 can be manufactured by a known method.
- a flat glass plate obtained by a known method is placed on a predetermined mold that holds only the peripheral edge of the glass plate, heated to a temperature higher than the glass transition temperature of the glass plate in a heating furnace or the like, and cooled.
- the method of performing the bending process to perform is mentioned.
- a central portion of the heated glass plate that is not held by the mold hangs down due to its own weight, thereby forming a concave curved shape.
- the frame-shaped holder 100 illustrated in FIG. 5 described in the method ( ⁇ ) of the step (2) can also be used.
- a known method can be adopted as a method of heating and pressurizing the laminated body 10A to obtain the laminated glass 10, and examples thereof include a method of thermocompression bonding the laminated body 10A using an autoclave. What is necessary is just to set a heating temperature and a pressure suitably according to the kind of intermediate film.
- the laminate 10A may be preliminarily pressure bonded. Examples of the method of pre-pressing the laminated body 10A include a method of heating the laminated body 10A under reduced pressure.
- Step (2) The display panel 20 is stuck on the surface 10a of the laminated glass 10 obtained in the step (1) by post-processing with heating.
- an adhesive is applied to the back surface of the display panel 20 and is attached to the front surface 10a of the laminated glass 10 and is attached by heating.
- the adhesive one that can be attached by heating can be used, and examples thereof include a thermosetting adhesive tape.
- the following method ((alpha)) or the method ((beta)) is preferable.
- ( ⁇ ) A method of performing a post-process involving heating while holding at least a part of the peripheral edge portion 10b of the laminated glass 10.
- ( ⁇ ) A method of performing a post-process involving heating while the laminated glass 10 is leaned. When a post-process involving heating is performed on the laminated glass 10, the intermediate film 16 may be softened and the laminated glass 10 may be deformed. By adopting the method ( ⁇ ) or the method ( ⁇ ), Such deformation can be suppressed.
- the method ( ⁇ ) and the method ( ⁇ ) will be described.
- Method ( ⁇ ) As a method of holding at least a part of the peripheral edge part 10b of the laminated glass 10, the laminated glass 10 is placed on a frame-shaped holder, and at least a part of the peripheral edge part 10b of the laminated glass 10 is held by the holder.
- the holder 100 includes a frame portion 110 having the same shape as the planar shape of the laminated glass 10, and a support portion 112 formed so as to protrude inward from the frame portion 110.
- the material of the holder is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include heat-resistant metal materials such as iron and stainless steel.
- the use of the same holder as in step (1) is preferable in that the cost of the holder can be suppressed and the laminated glass 10 can be held in a desired shape.
- the frame-shaped holder is not limited to the holder 100.
- the holder may not hold the peripheral edge of the laminated glass over the entire circumference.
- the laminated glass is placed on the holder by a transfer arm for transferring the laminated glass, or the laminated glass is removed from the holder.
- a frame-shaped holder 100A illustrated in FIG. 6 may be used.
- the holder 100 ⁇ / b> A has two chipped portions 114 formed in the frame portion 110 and the support portion 112, a portion 100 a positioned between the two chipped portions 114, and portions 100 b on both sides of the two chipped portions 114.
- the laminated glass 10 is conveyed so that the conveying arm is positioned at a portion corresponding to the chipped portion 114 when the laminated glass 10 is placed on the holder 100A. Place on 100A.
- the transfer arm comes to the position of the chipped portion 114 of the holder 100A, it does not contact the frame portion 110 and the support portion 112 of the holder 100A.
- the laminated glass 10 is held and removed by the transfer arm at the position of the chipped portion 114 of the holder 100A. By performing the operation in this way, the laminated glass 10 can be easily installed and removed from the holder 100A.
- the method ( ⁇ ) is not limited to a method using a frame-shaped holder.
- the laminated glass is fitted into the concave portion of the mold, and a post-process involving heating while holding the entire surface of the laminated glass by the die It is good also as a method of performing.
- the mode in which the laminated glass is leaned is not particularly limited as long as it can be maintained in a state in which the laminated glass is leaned when post-processing with heating is performed.
- a total of three points including a central point on the upper side 11a of the peripheral edge 10b of the laminated glass 10 (b portion in FIG. 7) and two points on the both end sides in the center of the lower side 11b (c portion and d portion in FIG. 7).
- An embodiment in which the peripheral edge portion 10b of the laminated glass 10 is supported at three points and leans against each other by a jig having a supporting portion to support each.
- the method ( ⁇ ) is more advantageous in that the deformation of the laminated glass can be more easily suppressed and the step (2) and the step (3) can be continuously and smoothly performed while the laminated glass is placed on the holder. ) Is preferred.
- the heating temperature in the step (2) is preferably 50 to 120 ° C, more preferably 80 to 100 ° C.
- the heating temperature in the step (2) is equal to or higher than the lower limit, the adhesive force of the thermosetting adhesive tape can be sufficiently exerted. If the heating temperature in the step (2) is equal to or lower than the upper limit value, the thermosetting adhesive tape can be prevented from being deteriorated.
- the method for heating the laminated glass is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include an oven and a heating furnace.
- step (3) the laminated glass heated in step (2) is cooled while holding at least a part of the peripheral edge thereof.
- Examples of the method for holding at least a part of the peripheral edge of the laminated glass in the step (3) include the same methods as those described in the method ( ⁇ ) in the step (2).
- the laminated glass 10 is placed on a frame-shaped holder from the viewpoint that the laminated glass 10 can be efficiently cooled while suppressing the deformation of the laminated glass, and at least one of the peripheral portions 10b of the laminated glass 10 by the holder. It is preferable to cool while holding the part.
- a mold in which a concave portion having a shape complementary to the shape of the laminated glass is used, and the laminated glass is fitted into the concave portion of the mold so that the entire surface of the laminated glass is held by the die. Good.
- cooling to 60 ° C. or lower is preferable, cooling to 50 ° C. or lower is more preferable, and cooling to 40 ° C. or lower is further preferable.
- the method for cooling the laminated glass is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a method using a blower. Moreover, you may cool a laminated glass by standing_to_cool.
- the change amount of the maximum curvature depth of the laminated glass 10 obtained in the step (3) with respect to the maximum curvature depth of the laminated glass 10 obtained in the step (1) is preferably 5 mm or less, and more preferably 3 mm or less.
- the maximum bending depth of the laminated glass is measured by a depth gauge.
- the amount of change in the curvature of the laminated glass 10 obtained in the step (3) with respect to the curvature of the laminated glass 10 obtained in the step (1) is preferably 2 mm or less, and more preferably 1 mm or less. Note that the amount of change in curvature is measured at each of four points in the plane of the laminated glass, and the average value thereof is obtained.
- the manufacturing method of the laminated glass of this invention is not limited to an above described method.
- a method of attaching a part other than a display panel such as a room mirror base and a rain sensor to the surface of a laminated glass may be used.
- a method of performing a process of forming an organic or inorganic cured film such as a water repellent film on the surface of the laminated glass may be used.
- transformation by the post process with the heating in a process (2) and the process (3) may be sufficient.
- the production method of the present invention is particularly effective when it is necessary to heat the laminated glass over a wide range, for example, when a display panel or the like is attached, or when the distortion of the laminated glass is corrected.
- Example 1 An interlayer film made of polyvinyl butyral was sandwiched between the two concave glass plates having the same shape obtained in Production Example 1 to obtain a laminate that was laminated in the order of glass plate / intermediate film / glass plate.
- the laminated body was put in a rubber vacuum bag, held at 60 ° C. for 30 minutes while sucking under reduced pressure, and further held at 100 ° C. for 60 minutes for pre-compression bonding.
- the pre-bonded laminate was put in an autoclave and heated and pressurized at 140 ° C. and 13 atm (1.3 ⁇ 10 6 Pa) for 30 minutes to obtain a laminated glass 10 shown in FIG. 7 (step (1)).
- the obtained laminated glass 10 has a total of 3 points including one point at the center of the upper side of the peripheral portion 10b (b portion in FIG. 7) and two points at the both ends of the center of the lower side (c portion and d portion in FIG. 7). Each of them was supported at a point and stood on a cart so that the longitudinal direction of the laminated glass 10 was a vertical direction.
- the laminated glass was heated in an oven at 100 ° C. for 30 minutes (step (2)).
- the laminated glass heated in the step (2) is placed on the holder 100 with the convex side facing down, and cooled to 40 ° C. with the peripheral edge of the laminated glass held by the holder 100 (step ( 3)).
- step (2) a laminated glass was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the laminated glass 10 was placed on the holder 100 and heated in an oven at 100 ° C. for 30 minutes.
- step (2) and step (3) as shown in FIG. 8, both sides of the central portion in the lateral direction on the convex side surface of the laminated glass 10 were supported from below by two SUS pipes 200.
- Laminated glass was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that heating and cooling were performed in the state and cooling was performed to 40 ° C. in the step (3).
- Table 1 shows the amount of change in the maximum bending depth of the laminated glass obtained in the step (3) with respect to the thickness.
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Abstract
Description
[1]第1のガラス板と、前記第1のガラス板に対向する第2のガラス板と、前記第1のガラス板および前記第2のガラス板に挟持された中間膜とを有する合わせガラスの製造方法であって、下記工程(1)~(3)を有する合わせガラスの製造方法:
(1)前記第1のガラス板と前記中間膜と前記第2のガラス板とをこの順で重ね合わせて積層体とし、該積層体を加熱、加圧して合わせガラスを得る工程;
(2)工程(1)で得られた合わせガラスに加熱を伴う後加工を行う工程;及び
(3)工程(2)の後に、合わせガラスをその周縁部の少なくとも一部を保持しながら冷却する工程。
[2]前記工程(3)において、前記合わせガラスを枠状の保持具の上に置いて、該保持具により該合わせガラスの周縁部の少なくとも一部を保持する、[1]の合わせガラスの製造方法。
[3]前記工程(2)の加熱温度が50~120℃である、[1]または[2]の合わせガラスの製造方法。
[4]前記工程(3)において、合わせガラスを60℃以下まで冷却する、[1]~[3]のいずれか一つの合わせガラスの製造方法。
[5]前記工程(2)において、合わせガラスの周縁部の少なくとも一部を保持しながら加熱を伴う後工程を行う、[1]~[4]のいずれか一つの合わせガラスの製造方法。
[6]前記工程(2)において、前記合わせガラスを枠状の保持具の上に置いて、該保持具により該合わせガラスの周縁部の少なくとも一部を保持する、[5]の合わせガラスの製造方法。
[7]前記工程(2)において、合わせガラスを立て掛けた状態で加熱を伴う後工程を行う、[1]~[4]のいずれか一つの合わせガラスの製造方法。
[8]工程(1)で得られる合わせガラスの最大曲深さに対する、工程(3)で得られる合わせガラスの最大曲深さの変化量が5mm以下である、[1]~[7]のいずれか一つの合わせガラスの製造方法。
[9]工程(1)で得られる合わせガラスの曲率に対する、工程(3)で得られる合わせガラスの曲率の変化量が1mm以下である、[1]~[8]のいずれか一つの合わせガラスの製造方法。
[10]前記合わせガラスが、車両のフロントガラス用の合わせガラスである、[1]~[9]のいずれか一つの合わせガラスの製造方法。
[11]前記車両が自動車である、[10]の合わせガラスの製造方法。
図1~3は、本発明の製造方法で得られる合わせガラスの一例を示した図である。
合わせガラス10は、第1のガラス板12と、第1のガラス板12に対向する第2のガラス板14と、第1のガラス板12および第2のガラス板14に挟持された中間膜16とを有する。合わせガラス10は、表面10a側が凹状となるように曲げ加工が施されている。また、合わせガラス10の表面10aには、接着剤により2つの表示パネル20が貼着されている。
なお、「最大曲深さ」とは、ダブリとも呼ばれ、曲げ加工によりガラス板が凹状に湾曲された合わせガラスの曲げ深さの最大値であり、合わせガラスの凸側を下向きとしたときに、該合わせガラスの凹部の最も深い点から、該合わせガラスにおける対向する周縁同士を結ぶ直線に引いた垂線の長さを意味する。例えば、合わせガラス10の「最大曲深さ」は、合わせガラス10の凸側を下向きとしたときに、合わせガラス10の第1のガラス板12の表面10a上の凹部の最も深い点aから、合わせガラス10の第1のガラス板12における対向する周縁同士(上辺と下辺)を結ぶ直線Lに引いた垂線の長さdを意味する。
最大曲深さの数値が大きいほど湾曲の程度が大きい。
第1のガラス板12および第2のガラス板14の材質としては、特に限定されず、ソーダライムガラス、ホウ珪酸ガラス、無アルカリガラス、石英ガラス等の無機ガラス等が挙げられる。
第1のガラス板12と第2のガラス板14の材質は、同じであってもよく、異なっていてもよい。
この例の第1のガラス板12および第2のガラス板14の平面形状は、上辺11a側よりも下辺11b側が広い形状になっている。また、第1のガラス板12は、合わせガラス10の凸側を下向きとしたときに、中央部分12aが周縁部12bよりも低い凹状となるように湾曲している。同様に、第2のガラス板14は、合わせガラス10の凸側を下向きとしたときに、中央部分14aが周縁部14bよりも低い凹状となるように湾曲している。 第1のガラス板12の形状と第2のガラス板14の形状は、同じである。
第1のガラス板12および第2のガラス板14の厚みは、同じであってもよく、異なっていてもよい。
中間膜16は、第1のガラス板12と第2のガラス板14に挟持されている。
中間膜16の材質としては、合わせガラスの中間膜に通常用いられる熱可塑性の材質を採用でき、例えば、ポリビニルブチラール等が挙げられる。
中間膜16は1層でもよく、多層でもよい。
表示パネル20は、接着剤によって合わせガラス10の表面10aに貼着されている。表示パネル20としては、特に限定されず、液晶パネル等が挙げられる。
表示パネル20の用途としては、特に限定されず、例えば、合わせガラス10を自動車のフロントガラスに用いる場合、表示パネル20をサンバイザーとして機能させることができる。
この例では、2つの矩形の表示パネル20が、合わせガラス10の表面10aにおける上辺11a側に横方向に並んで貼着されている。
合わせガラスの用途は、特に限定されず、例えば、自動車等の車両の窓ガラス、建築物の窓ガラス等が挙げられる。
以下、本発明の合わせガラスの製造方法の一例として、前記した表示パネル20が貼着された合わせガラス10の製造方法について説明する。
本実施形態の合わせガラス10の製造方法は、下記の工程(1)~(3)を有する。
(1)図4に示すように、第1のガラス板12と中間膜16と第2のガラス板14をこの順で重ね合わせて積層体10Aとし、積層体10Aを加熱、加圧して合わせガラス10を得る工程。
(2)工程(1)で得られた合わせガラス10の表面10aに、加熱を伴う後加工を行って表示パネル20を貼着する工程。
(3)工程(2)の後に、合わせガラス10をその周縁部10bの少なくとも一部を保持しながら冷却する工程。
湾曲した形状の第1のガラス板12と第2のガラス板14は、公知の方法で製造できる。例えば、公知の方法により得た平板状のガラス板を、該ガラス板の周縁部のみを保持する所定の型の上に載せ、加熱炉等で該ガラス板のガラス転移温度以上に加熱し、冷却する曲げ加工を行う方法が挙げられる。該曲げ加工では、加熱されたガラス板における、型によって保持されていない中央部分が自重によって垂れ下がることで、凹状の湾曲した形状に成形される。
曲げ加工に用いる型としては、工程(2)の方法(α)で説明する、図5に例示した枠状の保持具100を使用することもできる。
工程(1)では、積層体10Aを予備圧着してもよい。積層体10Aを予備圧着する方法としては、例えば、積層体10Aを減圧下で加熱する方法等が挙げられる。
加熱を伴う後加工により、工程(1)で得られた合わせガラス10の表面10aに表示パネル20を貼着する。具体的には、例えば、表示パネル20の裏面に接着剤を塗布して合わせガラス10の表面10aに取り付け、加熱することで貼着する。
接着剤としては、加熱することで貼着できるものが使用でき、例えば、熱硬化性接着テープ等が挙げられる。
(α)合わせガラス10の周縁部10bの少なくとも一部を保持しながら加熱を伴う後工程を行う方法。
(β)合わせガラス10を立て掛けた状態で加熱を伴う後工程を行う方法。
合わせガラス10に対して、加熱を伴う後工程を行うと、中間膜16が軟化し、合わせガラス10が変形してしまうことがあるが、方法(α)または方法(β)を採用することで、このような変形を抑制することができる。
以下、方法(α)と方法(β)について説明する。
合わせガラス10の周縁部10bの少なくとも一部を保持する方法としては、合わせガラス10を枠状の保持具の上に置いて、該保持具により合わせガラス10の周縁部10bの少なくとも一部を保持する方法が好ましい。
具体的には、例えば、図5に例示した枠状の保持具100を用いる方法が挙げられる。保持具100は、合わせガラス10の平面形状と同形状の枠部分110と、枠部分110から内側に突き出るように形成された支持部分112とを有する。合わせガラス10を保持具100の上に置いて保持する際は、合わせガラス10が枠部分110内に嵌まり、かつ合わせガラス10の周縁部10bが支持部分112によって下から支持される。
具体的には、例えば、図6に例示した枠状の保持具100Aを用いてもよい。保持具100Aは、枠部分110および支持部分112に2つの欠け部分114が形成されており、その2つの欠け部分114の間に位置する部分100aと、2つの欠け部分114の両側の部分100bとがそれぞれ接続部116で接続されている以外は、保持具100と同じである。
合わせガラスを立て掛ける態様は、加熱を伴う後加工を実施する際に合わせガラスが立て掛けられた状態で維持できる態様であればよく、特に限定されない。
例えば、合わせガラス10における周縁部10bの上辺11aの中央1点(図7のb部分)と、下辺11bの中央の両端側の2点(図7のc部分とd部分)の合計3点をそれぞれ支持する支持部を有する治具により、合わせガラス10の周縁部10bを3点で支持して立て掛ける態様が挙げられる。
合わせガラスを加熱する方法は、特に限定されず、例えば、オーブン、加熱炉等が挙げられる。
工程(3)では、工程(2)において加熱された合わせガラスを、その周縁部の少なくとも一部を保持しながら冷却する。合わせガラスの周縁部の少なくとも一部を保持しながら冷却することで、工程(2)において中間膜が軟化していても、冷却時に合わせガラスが変形することを抑制できる。
工程(2)において合わせガラスの周縁部の少なくとも一部を保持した状態で加熱を伴う後加工を行う場合は、そのままの状態で工程(3)の冷却を行うことが好ましい。
合わせガラスを冷却する方法は、特に限定されず、例えば、送風機を用いる方法等が挙げられる。また、放冷によって合わせガラスを冷却してもよい。
合わせガラスの最大曲深さは、デプスゲージにより測定される。
なお、曲率の変化量は、合わせガラスの面内における4点でそれぞれ測定し、それらの平均値として求める。
以上説明した本発明の合わせガラスの製造方法にあっては、工程(2)で加熱を伴う後加工を行った後に、工程(3)において合わせガラスの周縁部の少なくとも一部を保持しながら冷却を行うため、加熱によって中間膜が軟化しても、変形の発生が抑制された合わせガラスを得ることができる。
本発明の合わせガラスの製造方法では、合わせガラス10のように湾曲した形状の合わせガラスでもその変形を充分に抑制できるため、車両のフロントガラスの製造、特に自動車のフロントガラスの製造に有効である。
例えば、工程(2)の加熱を伴う後加工として、ルームミラーベース、レインセンサー等の表示パネル以外の部品を合わせガラスの表面に貼着する加工を行う方法であってもよく、紫外線カット膜、撥水膜等の有機系または無機系の硬化膜を合わせガラスの表面に形成する加工を行う方法であってもよい。また、工程(1)で得られた合わせガラスに歪みがある場合に、工程(2)における加熱を伴う後工程および工程(3)によってその変形を矯正する方法であってもよい。
本発明の製造方法は、表示パネル等を貼着する場合、合わせガラスの歪みを矯正する場合等、合わせガラスを広範囲に加熱する必要がある場合に特に有効である。
[製造例1](ガラス板の成形)
図1に例示した合わせガラス10と同じ平面形状で、縦(図1の長さd1)1000mm×横(図1の長さd2)1500mm×厚さ2mmの平板状のガラス板を、該ガラス板と同形状の枠状のステンレス鋼製の保持具100(図5)の上に載置した。該ガラス板は保持具100によってその周縁部のみが支持される。この状態でガラス板を搬送コンベアによって加熱炉内に搬送し、加熱炉においてヒータによって加熱した。ヒータによる加熱によって、ガラス板における保持具100で支持されていない中央部分が自重で垂れ下がった。これにより、中央部分が低い凹状のガラス板を得た。
製造例1で得た同形状の2枚の凹状のガラス板で、ポリビニルブチラールからなる中間膜を挟み、ガラス板/中間膜/ガラス板の順に積層された積層体を得た。前記積層体をゴム製の真空バッグに入れ、減圧吸引しながら60℃で30分保持し、さらに100℃で60分保持して予備圧着を行った。予備圧着した積層体をオートクレーブに入れ、140℃、13気圧(1.3×106Pa)で30分間加熱加圧し、図7に示す合わせガラス10を得た(工程(1))。
得られた合わせガラス10を、その周縁部10bの上辺の中央の1点(図7のb部分)と、下辺の中央の両端側の2点(図7のc部分とd部分)の合計3点でそれぞれ支持し、該合わせガラス10の縦方向が鉛直方向となるように台車に立てた。この状態で、100℃雰囲気のオーブンで30分間合わせガラスを加熱した(工程(2))。
工程(2)で加熱された合わせガラスを凸側の面を下にして保持具100の上に載せ、該保持具100で合わせガラスの周縁部を保持した状態で40℃まで冷却した(工程(3))。
工程(2)において、合わせガラス10を保持具100上に載せた状態で100℃雰囲気のオーブンで30分間加熱した以外は、実施例1と同様にして合わせガラスを得た。
工程(2)および工程(3)において、図8に示すように、2本のSUS製のパイプ200により、合わせガラス10の凸側の面における、横方向の中央部の両側を下から支持した状態で加熱と冷却を行い、工程(3)で40℃まで冷却した以外は、実施例1と同様にして合わせガラスを得た。
(曲率の変化量)
所望の合わせガラスの形状、すなわち工程(1)で得られた合わせガラスの形状を型取った凹部を有する型(以下、型Aとも記す。)を用い、型Aの凹部に各例の工程(3)で得られた合わせガラスを載置して、すきみゲージ、テーパーゲージを用いて型Aを基準とした曲率の変化量を測定した。型Aの凹部の底面の曲率は工程(1)で得られる合わせガラスの曲率と同じであり、型Aを基準とした曲率の変化量は、工程(1)で得られた合わせガラスの曲率に対する、工程(3)で得られた合わせガラスの曲率の変化量と同じである。
測定点は、合わせガラスにおける図7に示したNo.1~No.4の角部の4点とした。
合わせガラスをその凸側を下向きして保持し、その上辺の中央部と下辺の中央部を橋架けするようにデプスゲージを設置して、該合わせガラスの凹部の最も深い点からデプスゲージまでの距離を、最大曲深さとして測定した。
一方、工程(3)で合わせガラスの周縁部を保持せずに冷却した比較例1の合わせガラスでは、加熱を伴う後加工の前後での曲率の変化量および最大曲深さが大きく、合わせガラスの変形の発生が見られた。
10A 積層体
10b 周縁部
12 第1のガラス板
14 第2のガラス板
16 中間膜
100、100A 保持具
Claims (11)
- 第1のガラス板と、前記第1のガラス板に対向する第2のガラス板と、前記第1のガラス板および前記第2のガラス板に挟持された中間膜とを有する合わせガラスの製造方法であって、下記工程(1)~(3)を有する合わせガラスの製造方法:
(1)前記第1のガラス板と前記中間膜と前記第2のガラス板とをこの順で重ね合わせて積層体とし、該積層体を加熱、加圧して合わせガラスを得る工程;
(2)工程(1)で得られた合わせガラスに加熱を伴う後加工を行う工程;及び
(3)工程(2)の後に、合わせガラスをその周縁部の少なくとも一部を保持しながら冷却する工程。 - 前記工程(3)において、前記合わせガラスを枠状の保持具の上に置いて、該保持具により該合わせガラスの周縁部の少なくとも一部を保持する、請求項1に記載の合わせガラスの製造方法。
- 前記工程(2)の加熱温度が50~120℃である、請求項1または2に記載の合わせガラスの製造方法。
- 前記工程(3)において、合わせガラスを60℃以下まで冷却する、請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の合わせガラスの製造方法。
- 前記工程(2)において、合わせガラスの周縁部の少なくとも一部を保持しながら加熱を伴う後工程を行う、請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載の合わせガラスの製造方法。
- 前記工程(2)において、前記合わせガラスを枠状の保持具の上に置いて、該保持具により該合わせガラスの周縁部の少なくとも一部を保持する、請求項5に記載の合わせガラスの製造方法。
- 前記工程(2)において、合わせガラスを立て掛けた状態で加熱を伴う後工程を行う、請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載の合わせガラスの製造方法。
- 工程(1)で得られる合わせガラスの最大曲深さに対する、工程(3)で得られる合わせガラスの最大曲深さの変化量が5mm以下である、請求項1~7のいずれか一項に記載の合わせガラスの製造方法。
- 工程(1)で得られる合わせガラスの曲率に対する、工程(3)で得られる合わせガラスの曲率の変化量が1mm以下である、請求項1~8のいずれか一項に記載の合わせガラスの製造方法。
- 前記合わせガラスが、車両のフロントガラス用の合わせガラスである、請求項1~9のいずれか一項に記載の合わせガラスの製造方法。
- 前記車両が自動車である、請求項10に記載の合わせガラスの製造方法。
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CN108027551A (zh) * | 2015-09-03 | 2018-05-11 | 旭硝子株式会社 | 透明屏幕、透明屏幕组装体、透明屏幕的制造方法以及透明屏幕组装体的制造方法 |
US11022873B2 (en) | 2015-09-03 | 2021-06-01 | AGC Inc. | Transparent screen, transparent screen assembly, manufacturing method of transparent screen, and manufacturing method of transparent screen assembly |
CN108027551B (zh) * | 2015-09-03 | 2021-10-26 | Agc株式会社 | 透明屏幕、透明屏幕组装体、透明屏幕的制造方法以及透明屏幕组装体的制造方法 |
US11385534B2 (en) | 2015-09-03 | 2022-07-12 | AGC Inc. | Transparent screen, transparent screen assembly, manufacturing method of transparent screen, and manufacturing method of transparent screen assembly |
US11465927B2 (en) | 2017-02-20 | 2022-10-11 | Corning Incorporated | Shaped glass laminates |
US11987516B2 (en) | 2017-02-20 | 2024-05-21 | Corning Incorporated | Shaped glass laminates |
US11236003B2 (en) | 2017-10-18 | 2022-02-01 | Corning Incorporated | Methods for controlling separation between glasses during co-sagging to reduce final shape mismatch therebetween |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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EP3103777A1 (en) | 2016-12-14 |
US20160332423A1 (en) | 2016-11-17 |
CN105960384A (zh) | 2016-09-21 |
JPWO2015119192A1 (ja) | 2017-03-23 |
JP6428651B2 (ja) | 2018-11-28 |
CN105960384B (zh) | 2019-04-02 |
EP3103777A4 (en) | 2017-10-11 |
EP3103777B1 (en) | 2021-03-24 |
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