WO2015111753A1 - パッケージ形成方法及びmems用パッケージ - Google Patents
パッケージ形成方法及びmems用パッケージ Download PDFInfo
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- WO2015111753A1 WO2015111753A1 PCT/JP2015/052181 JP2015052181W WO2015111753A1 WO 2015111753 A1 WO2015111753 A1 WO 2015111753A1 JP 2015052181 W JP2015052181 W JP 2015052181W WO 2015111753 A1 WO2015111753 A1 WO 2015111753A1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B81—MICROSTRUCTURAL TECHNOLOGY
- B81C—PROCESSES OR APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF MICROSTRUCTURAL DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
- B81C1/00—Manufacture or treatment of devices or systems in or on a substrate
- B81C1/00015—Manufacture or treatment of devices or systems in or on a substrate for manufacturing microsystems
- B81C1/00261—Processes for packaging MEMS devices
- B81C1/00269—Bonding of solid lids or wafers to the substrate
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B81—MICROSTRUCTURAL TECHNOLOGY
- B81C—PROCESSES OR APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF MICROSTRUCTURAL DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
- B81C2203/00—Forming microstructural systems
- B81C2203/01—Packaging MEMS
- B81C2203/0118—Bonding a wafer on the substrate, i.e. where the cap consists of another wafer
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B81—MICROSTRUCTURAL TECHNOLOGY
- B81C—PROCESSES OR APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF MICROSTRUCTURAL DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
- B81C2203/00—Forming microstructural systems
- B81C2203/01—Packaging MEMS
- B81C2203/0172—Seals
- B81C2203/019—Seals characterised by the material or arrangement of seals between parts
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B81—MICROSTRUCTURAL TECHNOLOGY
- B81C—PROCESSES OR APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF MICROSTRUCTURAL DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
- B81C2203/00—Forming microstructural systems
- B81C2203/03—Bonding two components
- B81C2203/033—Thermal bonding
- B81C2203/035—Soldering
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a package for hollow sealing in a device and a method of forming the same, and more particularly, a package suitable for accommodating a precision mechanism such as a micro electro mechanical system (MEMS) in a hollow sealed internal space. And a method for forming the same.
- MEMS micro electro mechanical system
- MEMS Micro Electro Mechanical Systems
- a hollow package is provided to physically protect micro movable parts from the external environment.
- a sealing frame (sealing pattern) or bump electrode having a height of several micrometers to several tens of micrometers is formed on a sealing substrate by metal plating, and MEMS is used.
- a method is known in which this is placed on a substrate and bonded by thermocompression bonding.
- Gold (Au) which has excellent electrical properties such as high electrical conductivity, high deformability, and high corrosion resistance, as well as excellent workability, is used as the material for the sealing frame and bump electrode. Yes.
- thermocompression bonding is performed at a temperature lower than the melting temperature of the bonding material without causing a liquid phase.
- a method of softening and joining is disclosed.
- the bonding surface is highly smoothed (roughness is reduced), or the bonding surface is highly purified to be cleaned and deoxygenated, so that thermocompression bonding can be performed at a relatively low pressure.
- materials for bonding pure metals such as Au, Sn, Cu, and Al, and single phases of alloys such as AuSn, Au5Sn, and AuIn, or a mixed phase of these, sandwiching the bonding interface, respectively. It states that you can choose materials.
- Non-Patent Document 1 a sputtering film of titanium and gold is provided on a wafer made of silicon or glass at a thickness of 50 nm and 200 nm, respectively, and a predetermined sealing frame is formed with a photoresist.
- a package forming method is disclosed in which a sealing material made of gold particles is provided on a frame using a screen mask and the wafers are thermocompression bonded. The two wafers are said to be heated to 300 degrees in a vacuum chamber and bonded at a pressing pressure of 73 MPa for 30 minutes. By using gold particles as the sealing material, the pressure is reduced because it is porous and easily deforms during bonding.
- Non-Patent Document 2 a gold stud bump is formed on a gold thin film on a silicon substrate and coined with a silicon chip to obtain a gold bump having a smooth top surface.
- a low-temperature bonding method is disclosed in which surface activation is performed by plasma and bonding is performed by superimposing similarly surface-activated gold thin film electrodes. According to such a method, heating is performed at 150 ° C. in the atmosphere, and the bonding is performed at a pressing pressure of 320 MPa in about 30 seconds. In coining, by sharpening the tip of the bump, deformation is easily caused by stress concentration, and a smooth top surface can be formed even at a low temperature and a low pressing pressure.
- thermocompression bonding method heating and pressurization are required to improve adhesion at the bonding interface, and the bonding interface is deformed.
- thermal stress may be generated at the joint between different materials on the substrate, and the substrate may be deformed or broken.
- the characteristics of the device may be deteriorated and the alignment accuracy may be lowered.
- the time required for such a process becomes relatively long.
- the present invention has been made in view of the circumstances as described above, and the object of the present invention relates to a method of forming a package for hollow sealing in an element, and in particular, in a hollow sealed internal space.
- a package suitable for housing precision features such as a microelectromechanical system (MEMS) and a method for forming the same.
- MEMS microelectromechanical system
- the present invention relates to a package forming method for hollow-sealing a precision mechanical element on a mechanical substrate, wherein a temporary thin film made of an easily polishing material is chemically mechanically polished, and a metal thin film is formed by sputtering along the smooth polished surface.
- a temporary substrate removing step that exposes the new surface at the tip of the sealing frame, and a noble metal thin film is provided around the precision mechanical element on the mechanical substrate, and the new surface of the sealing frame is brought into close contact therewith and bonded at room temperature.
- a second joining step is provided.
- a smooth new surface made of a noble metal obtained by transferring the smooth surface of the temporary substrate to one end surface of the sealing frame can be easily formed, and can be bonded to the smooth surface made of the noble metal of the mechanical substrate at room temperature.
- the package of the machine substrate can be formed without requiring excessive heating or pressurization, and therefore, for example, a precision mechanism (mechanical element) such as a micro electromechanical system is accommodated in the hollow sealed internal space. It makes possible a package suitable for.
- the first joining step includes a step of forming the sealing frame by a plating method, and in the sacrificial thin film forming step, the metal thin film is made of titanium or chromium,
- the method may include a step of providing a seed metal thin film made of a noble metal on the surface.
- the sealing frame can be efficiently formed by metal plating without affecting the new surface at the tip of the sealing frame.
- the noble metal may be gold.
- the second bonding step may include a step of activating the bonding surface by plasma ashing. According to this invention, room temperature bonding can be more reliably performed, and a package more suitable for accommodating a precision mechanism object (mechanical element) such as a microelectromechanical system in a hollow sealed internal space can be formed. .
- the room temperature bonding may be performed at a temperature of at least 200 degrees or less. According to this invention, the thermal deformation of the mechanical substrate can be prevented, and a package more suitable for accommodating a precise precision mechanism object in the hollow sealed internal space can be formed.
- the MEMS package obtained by the manufacturing method described above is characterized in that the internal vacuum state of at least 10 ⁇ 4 Pa can be maintained for 6 months. According to such a package, the operation of the internal MEMS can be maintained for a long period of time.
- FIGS. 2 to 4 as appropriate along FIG. 1 showing the flow of the package process.
- a substrate 1 made of an easy-polishing material is prepared, and an ultra-smooth surface 1a on the nanometer order is provided on one surface.
- the substrate 1 is polished by CMP (Chemical Mechanical Polishing) or the like until the substrate 1 is smoothed at the atomic level with high accuracy to give an ultra-smooth surface 1a.
- CMP Chemical Mechanical Polishing
- the substrate 1 does not remain in the final package structure (see FIG. 4B)
- the material of the package structure there is no particular limitation on the material of the package structure.
- Si, sapphire substrate, quartz substrate, and glass are preferable.
- a sacrificial thin film 11 having a thickness of about several tens of nanometers is sputtered (for example, vapor deposition, ion beam sputtering, etc.) on the ultra-smooth surface 1a of the substrate 1.
- the sacrificial thin film 11 has a smooth upper surface to which the super-smooth surface 1a of the substrate 1 is transferred. As long as the sacrificial thin film 11 is island-shaped and generates pinholes so that the super-smooth surface 1a can be transferred, the thin film function is not lost. It is preferable that the thickness is as thin as possible.
- the sacrificial thin film 11 is a material that does not easily react with the seed thin film 12 and the plating film 14 formed on the sacrificial thin film 11 and is easy to peel off the seed thin film 12 and the plating film 14 by chemical selective etching as described later. Thickness etc. are selected. For example, it is preferable to use Ti that is selectively etched with a hydrofluoric acid-containing aqueous solution together with the seed thin film 12 and the plating film 14 made of Au in the transfer step S4 described later. Further, Cr may be used for the sacrificial thin film 11 and an etchant capable of selectively etching this may be combined.
- a seed thin film 12 that gives an electrodeposition surface of the plating film 14 is formed by sputtering.
- the seed thin film 12 is made of a noble metal as a conductive material, such as Au.
- a resist 13 is provided on the sacrificial thin film 11 so as to invert the desired sealing frame pattern.
- a plating film 14 made of a noble metal is provided on the seed thin film 12 through the window portion of the resist 13.
- the plating film 14 is Au plating provided by electrolytic plating.
- a sealing substrate 21 made of Si provided with a metal thin film 14 ′ made of Au on one side is prepared. Place on top. And as shown in FIG.3 (b), it mutually press-fits, heating.
- the metal thin film 14 ′ may be provided on the entire surface of the sealing substrate 21, or may be provided in a form corresponding to the sealing frame pattern.
- a sealing cover 14a in which the metal thin film 14 'is integrated is formed.
- a smooth surface on the upper surface of the sacrificial thin film 11, that is, a smooth new surface obtained by transferring the super-smooth surface 1a of the substrate 1 appears.
- Metal bonding sealing step: S5 As shown in FIG. 4A, in the MEMS substrate 31 on which the MEMS device 31a is formed, a surface as smooth as the super smooth surface 1a of the substrate 1 is formed, and a metal made of, for example, Au is formed thereon. A thin film 31b is provided. The metal thin film 31b may be provided on the entire surface of the MEMS substrate 31, or may be provided in a form corresponding to the sealing frame pattern. An adhesive layer (not shown) or the like may be provided between the MEMS substrate 31 and the metal thin film 31b.
- construction can be performed at a lower temperature and a lower pressure than the conventional method, and it is possible to suppress the deterioration of the operation reliability of the MEMS device including the precision mechanism, and the cost can also be suppressed. is there.
- the sealing wall 14b may be formed such that only the metal bonding portion 14d between the activated surfaces is Au, and the other portion 14c is made of another material. . That is, in the process shown in FIG. 2D, other materials are provided on the seed thin film 12 through the window portion of the resist 13, or other than Au is directly provided on the seed thin film 12 made of Au. A plating film 14 made of a material is provided. In such a case, the amount of expensive Au used can be suppressed, and the material cost can be reduced.
- the substrate 1 made of Si is smooth polished using abrasive grains made of colloidal silica, and the sacrificial thin film 11 made of Ti is formed on the super smooth surface 1 a by 30 nm, Further, the seed thin film 12 made of Au was 50 nm, and the plating film 14 made of Au was 10 ⁇ m. Thereafter, the seed thin film 12 was left and only the sacrificial thin film 11 was chemically and selectively etched with 10% HF. The surface roughness of the portion corresponding to the tip surface 14a1 of the wall portion of the sealing cover 14a thus obtained was observed with an atomic force microscope.
- FIG. 6B shows the measurement results of the surface when the seed thin film 12 and the plating film 14 are applied on the substrate 1 made of ordinary Si.
- a 3 mm-square square frame (width: 0.1 mm) specimen manufactured in the same manner as in the smoothness evaluation described above was joined to a substrate simulating the MEMS substrate 31 to create a tensile specimen.
- This was attached to an Instron type tensile tester (manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation; AGS-10 kN), and the bonding strength was measured at a pulling speed of 0.5 (mm / min).
- the breaking strength at this time was 318 N on average, and a joining strength almost equal to that obtained when the sealing substrate 21 and the MEMS substrate 31 were joined by the thermocompression bonding method was obtained.
- a joining strength almost equal to that obtained when the sealing substrate 21 and the MEMS substrate 31 were joined by the thermocompression bonding method was obtained.
- the tensile test piece as a comparative example in which Au plating was applied to a normal Si substrate, only an average strength of 33N and 1/10 was obtained in the same test.
- the SOI substrate 21 has a thin film part 21 ′ having a thickness of about 10 ⁇ m supported around the periphery, and changes with time of elastic deformation generated in the film part 21 ′ when the internal space is evacuated. Can be evaluated for hermetic sealing performance of the entire package. That is, the sealing frame 14a and the metal thin film 31b are provided to the support portion of the SOI substrate 21 and the MEMS substrate (Si substrate) 31, respectively. These surfaces are activated with argon plasma in the same manner as in the above example, then bonded in vacuum, and left in the atmosphere.
- the airtightness of the entire package is high, the vacuum in the internal space is maintained, and the amount of dent deformation generated in the film part 21 ′ does not change with time.
- the airtightness of the entire package is low, the air enters the internal space from the outside of the package, so the difference between the external atmospheric pressure and the internal space pressure decreases with time and occurs accordingly.
- the amount of dent deformation of the film portion 21 ′ also decreases.
- the SOI substrate 21 is a plate-like body having a length and width of 6 mm square and a thickness of 500 ⁇ m. From the Au having a width of 100 ⁇ m and a height of 10 ⁇ m by the temporary substrate shape transfer method using the sacrificial thin film 11 as described above. A sealing frame 14a was obtained. On the other hand, a thin film 31b made of Au having a thickness of 50 nm was applied to the smooth surface on the MEMS substrate (Si substrate) 31 by ion beam sputtering. After that, the surfaces were activated with argon plasma and bonded in vacuum (10 ⁇ 4 Pa).
- Comparative Example 1 the film portion 21 ′ was indented and deformed by a depth of up to about 35 ⁇ m immediately after vacuum sealing, the indentation was gradually released, and the indentation deformation was resolved after 10 days. .
- the deformation amount was 30 ⁇ m immediately after vacuum sealing, but the dent amount was reduced to 13 ⁇ m after 5 days.
- the dent was not eliminated even after 6 months from the vacuum sealing, and airtightness in a vacuum state of at least about 10 ⁇ 4 Pa could be ensured even during the period. This shows that even when a gas such as dry air or inert gas is sealed inside the package, it can be stably maintained for a long period of time.
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Abstract
Description
図2(a)に示すように、易研磨材料からなる基板1を用意し、ナノメートルオーダーで超平滑な面1aを一面に与える。詳細には、CMP(化学的機械研磨:Chemical Mechanical Polishing)などによって基板1を高精度に原子レベルで平滑となるまでに研磨し、超平滑面1aを与える。後述するように、基板1は最終的なパッケージ構造(図4(b)参照)には残存しないから、特にパッケージ構造の材料としての限定はないが、上記した研磨を良好にできる易研磨材料、例えば、Siやサファイア基板,石英基板,ガラスであることが好ましい。
図2(b)に示すように、基板1の超平滑面1aの上には、厚さにおいて数十nm程度の犠牲薄膜11をスパッタ(例えば、蒸着やイオンビームスパッタなどを含む。以下、同じ。)で成膜する。かかる犠牲薄膜11は基板1の超平滑面1aを転写した平滑な上面を有し、超平滑面1aを転写できるよう、島状となり又ピンホールを発生させることで薄膜としての機能を失わない限り、なるべく薄いことが好ましい。一方で、犠牲薄膜11は、この上に形成されるシード薄膜12及びメッキ膜14と反応しにくく、且つ、後述するような化学的選択エッチングによりシード薄膜12及びメッキ膜14を剥離させやすい材料及び厚さなどを選択される。例えば、後述する転写ステップS4において、Auからなるシード薄膜12及びメッキ膜14とともにフッ酸含有水溶液によって選択的にエッチングされるTiなどであることが好ましい。また、犠牲薄膜11にCrを用い、これを選択的にエッチングし得るエッチャントを組合せてもよい。
更に、図2(e)に示すように、レジスト13をアセトンなどで溶解し、更に所定の溶液やガスを用いてメッキ膜14の下部を除いてシード薄膜12を除去する。これにより、犠牲薄膜11及びメッキ膜14の間のシード薄膜12とメッキ膜14とからなる封止枠パターンを基板1の上に形成できる。
図3(a)に示すように、例えば、Auからなる金属薄膜14’を一面に与えられたSiからなる封止基板21を用意し、この金属薄膜14’側を基板1上のメッキ膜14の上に配置する。そして、図3(b)に示すように、加熱しながら互いを圧着させる。なお、金属薄膜14’は封止基板21の一面全体に与えられていても良いが、封止枠パターンと対応するような形で与えられていても良い。
図4(a)に示すように、MEMSデバイス31aの形成されたMEMS基板31において、基板1の超平滑面1aと同程度に平滑な表面を形成し、この上に、例えば、Auからなる金属薄膜31bを与える。かかる金属薄膜31bは、MEMS基板31の一面全体に与えられていても良いが、封止枠パターンと対応するような形で与えられていても良い。なお、MEMS基板31と金属薄膜31bとの間には図示しない接着層などを与えても良い。
図6には、封止カバー14aの壁部の先端面14a1の表面粗さを原子間力顕微鏡により測定した結果を示した。
次に、封止基板21とMEMS基板31の接合性を引っ張り試験によって評価した。
次に、SOI(Silicon On Insulator)基板を封止基板として用いてパッケージ全体の気密封止の性能を評価した。
このとき、パッケージ全体の気密性が高ければ、内部空間の真空が維持され、膜部21’に生じたへこみ変形量は経時変化しない。しかし、パッケージ全体の気密性が低い場合にあっては、パッケージ外部から大気が内部空間に侵入するため、外部の大気圧と内部空間の気圧との差が時間とともに減少し、それに従って生じていた膜部21’のへこみ変形量も減少していくのである。
11 犠牲薄膜
12 シード薄膜
13 レジスト
14 メッキ膜
21 封止基板
31 MEMS基板
31a MEMSデバイス
31b 金属薄膜
Claims (6)
- 機械基板上に精密機械素子を中空封止するためのパッケージ形成方法であって、
易研磨材料からなる仮基板を化学的機械研磨しこの平滑研磨面に沿ってスパッタリングによって金属薄膜を与える犠牲薄膜形成ステップと、
前記金属薄膜の上に少なくとも貴金属を接触させてなる封止枠を形成しこの上に基板を接合させる第1の接合ステップと、
前記金属薄膜を前記仮基板とともに除去して前記封止枠の先端に新生面を露出させる仮基板除去ステップと、
前記機械基板における前記精密機械素子の周囲に貴金属薄膜を与えこの上に前記封止枠の前記新生面を密着させて常温接合させる第2の接合ステップと、を含むことを特徴とするパッケージ形成方法。 - 前記第1の接合ステップはめっき法によって前記封止枠を形成するステップを含み、
更に、前記犠牲薄膜形成ステップにおいて、前記金属薄膜はチタン又はクロムからなり、前記金属薄膜の表面に貴金属からなるシード金属薄膜を付与するステップを含むことを特徴とする請求項1記載のパッケージ形成方法。 - 前記貴金属は金であることを特徴とする請求項2記載のパッケージ形成方法。
- 前記第2の接合ステップは、プラズマアッシングによって接合面を活性化させるステップを含むことを特徴とする請求項3記載のパッケージ形成方法。
- 前記常温接合は少なくとも200度以下で行われることを特徴とする請求項4記載のパッケージ形成方法。
- 請求項1乃至5のうちの1つの製造方法によって得られるMEMS用パッケージであって、少なくとも10-4Paのその内部の真空状態を6ヶ月間に亘って維持し得ることを特徴とするMEMS用パッケージ。
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JP2015559162A JP6281883B2 (ja) | 2014-01-27 | 2015-01-27 | パッケージ形成方法 |
EP15740967.3A EP3101687B1 (en) | 2014-01-27 | 2015-01-27 | Package formation method and mems package |
KR1020167015425A KR101907907B1 (ko) | 2014-01-27 | 2015-01-27 | 패키지 형성 방법 및 mems용 패키지 |
US15/112,222 US9751754B2 (en) | 2014-01-27 | 2015-01-27 | Package formation method and MEMS package |
CN201580005772.7A CN105934820B (zh) | 2014-01-27 | 2015-01-27 | 封装体形成方法以及mems用封装体 |
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WO2015013827A1 (en) | 2013-08-02 | 2015-02-05 | Motion Engine Inc. | Mems motion sensor for sub-resonance angular rate sensing |
US20170030788A1 (en) | 2014-04-10 | 2017-02-02 | Motion Engine Inc. | Mems pressure sensor |
US11674803B2 (en) | 2014-06-02 | 2023-06-13 | Motion Engine, Inc. | Multi-mass MEMS motion sensor |
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- 2015-01-27 US US15/112,222 patent/US9751754B2/en active Active
- 2015-01-27 KR KR1020167015425A patent/KR101907907B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2015-01-27 JP JP2015559162A patent/JP6281883B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2015-01-27 EP EP15740967.3A patent/EP3101687B1/en active Active
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Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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WO2018135650A1 (ja) * | 2017-01-19 | 2018-07-26 | 株式会社村田製作所 | 電子部品及び電子部品の製造方法 |
JPWO2018135650A1 (ja) * | 2017-01-19 | 2019-12-12 | 株式会社村田製作所 | 電子部品及び電子部品の製造方法 |
US11722112B2 (en) | 2017-01-19 | 2023-08-08 | Murata Manufacturing Co., Ltd. | Manufacturing method for electronic component |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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US9751754B2 (en) | 2017-09-05 |
US20160332870A1 (en) | 2016-11-17 |
KR101907907B1 (ko) | 2018-10-15 |
KR20160087830A (ko) | 2016-07-22 |
JP6281883B2 (ja) | 2018-02-21 |
EP3101687B1 (en) | 2020-12-09 |
CN105934820A (zh) | 2016-09-07 |
JPWO2015111753A1 (ja) | 2017-03-23 |
EP3101687A1 (en) | 2016-12-07 |
EP3101687A4 (en) | 2017-11-22 |
CN105934820B (zh) | 2018-08-31 |
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