WO2015111712A1 - 癌治療用医薬組成物及びその組成物を有効成分とする癌治療用医薬製剤 - Google Patents
癌治療用医薬組成物及びその組成物を有効成分とする癌治療用医薬製剤 Download PDFInfo
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition for cancer treatment and a pharmaceutical preparation for cancer treatment comprising the composition as an active ingredient. More specifically, the present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition for treating cancer using a culture supernatant of mammalian dental pulp stem cells and a pharmaceutical preparation for treating cancer comprising the composition as an active ingredient.
- hypoxic response in the microenvironment in the body plays a role in organogenesis and stem cell proliferation during development, and that the hypoxic response is also involved in diseases such as cancer and ischemic disease. .
- the hypoxic environment also regulates the expression of numerous genes and controls cell responses such as cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis.
- anticancer agents have been developed for the treatment of cancer.
- DNA synthesis inhibitors cytarabine, fluorouracil, mercaptopurine, thioguanine, vinca alkaloids vinblastine, vincristine, procarbazine, alkylating agents mustine, cyclophosphamide, cisplatin, and antibiotics.
- examples thereof include actinomycin D, doxorubicin, mitomycin, mitramycin, bleomycin, glucocorticoids that are steroid hormones, estrogens, antiestrogens, androgens, and the like.
- Cytarabine inhibits DNA polymerase, and fluorouracil inhibits thymidylate synthase and suppresses pyrimidine synthesis.
- Mercaptopurine and thioguanine inhibit purine synthesis.
- Vinblastine or vincristine acts specifically in the M phase, binds to tubulin, destroys the spindle, and stops mitosis.
- Procarbazine causes depolymerization of double-stranded DNA, and mucin, cyclophosphamide, cisplatin, etc. cause covalent cross-linking and inhibit DNA synthesis.
- Actinomycin D, doxorubicin, mitomycin, mitramycin, and the like are intercalators that enter between the base pairs of double-stranded DNA and block RNA production. Bleomycin also causes double-stranded DNA breaks. Glucocorticoids, estrogens, antiestrogens, androgens, etc. inhibit protein synthesis after RNA synthesis.
- WO2011 / 118795 discloses a composition for treating a damaged part for repairing a damaged part of a target tissue, which includes a stem cell culture supernatant obtained by culturing stem cells (hereinafter referred to as “conventional”). Technology 1 ”).
- VEGF vascular endothelial growth factor
- HGF hepatocyte growth factor
- IGF insulin-like growth factor
- PDGF platelet-derived growth factor
- TGF- ⁇ growth factor-beta
- anticancer agents are often ineffective (made resistant).
- a mechanism of resistance for example, it may be due to a biological reaction of a cancer patient, such as inactivation of an anticancer agent in the liver or enhancement of metabolism, or may be due to a biochemical change at a cancer cell level.
- many anticancer drugs have strong side effects, and there are cases where patients die due to side effects.
- Immunotherapy is attracting attention as a treatment with few side effects, but its ability to control tumors is low, making it difficult to eradicate tumors reliably. This is due to the fact that immunotherapy uses lymphocytes and NK cells, which are the main body of immunity, and because lymphocytes and NK cells are originally infection-response cells, solid cancer This is due to the fact that the inhibitory effect on water is small.
- SHED deciduous tooth stem cells
- an embodiment of the present invention includes a stem cell preparation step in which four types of genes are introduced into a deciduous dental pulp stem cell obtained from a dental pulp of a mammal to obtain an immortalized stem cell; and the immortalized stem cell is predetermined in a serum-free medium.
- conditioned medium preparation step of culturing at 23-27 ° C. under low oxygen concentration conditions where the oxygen concentration is 0.5% or more and less than 20% to prepare a conditioned medium.
- IGF-1 insulin-like growth factor
- VEGF vascular endothelial growth factor
- the predetermined time is preferably 40 to 56 hours, and the low oxygen concentration is preferably 5% or less.
- the low oxygen concentration is preferably an oxygen concentration of 1% or less.
- the four types of genes are preferably selected from the group consisting of hTERT, bmi-1, E6, E7, Oct3 / 4, Sox2, Klf4, c-Myc, and p16INK4a.
- the pharmaceutical composition for cancer treatment prepared by the above method contains 5 times more transforming factor ⁇ (TGF- ⁇ 1) than when cultured under the same conditions except that the oxygen concentration is 20%. Furthermore, it is preferable to include. It is preferable that the pharmaceutical composition further contains a stromal cell-derived factor (SDF-1) three times or more.
- TGF- ⁇ 1 transforming factor ⁇
- SDF-1 stromal cell-derived factor
- another embodiment of the present invention is a pharmaceutical preparation for treating cancer containing a conditioned medium obtained as described above as an active ingredient.
- the cancer is preferably a solid tumor.
- a pharmaceutical composition comprising significantly higher concentrations of IGF-1 and VEGF than when cultured at a low oxygen concentration under a predetermined culture condition, with an oxygen concentration of 20%. You can get things.
- the population of macrophages gathering around the solid tumor can be controlled to suppress the growth of cancer cells or to kill the cancer cells.
- FIG. 1 is a graph showing the relationship between an immortalized stem cell selected from the above-described dental pulp cells and the number of individual doublings of cells that are not immortalized stem cells and the culture period.
- SHED-T represents an immortalized stem cell
- SHED-C represents a cell that is not an immortalized stem cell.
- FIG. 2 is a graph showing the results of STRO-1 expression in SHED-C and SHED-T (FIGS. 2 (A) to (D)).
- FIG. 3 is a view showing tissue staining images of SHED-C (D) to (F) and SHED-T (A) to (C) at the individual doubling time shown in FIG. 4 below.
- FIG. 4 is a graph showing the relationship between the individual doubling time (number of times) and the amount of new bone, in which ** represents p ⁇ 0.05 and *** represents p ⁇ 0.01.
- the amount of new bone was determined by the following calculation formula.
- New bone mass New bone area / field of view x 100
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the results of examining over time how tumor size after subcutaneous injection of SCCVII changes when SHED culture supernatants with different culture conditions are administered. . In the figure, * indicates the result of ANOVA test, p ⁇ 0.05, and ** indicates p ⁇ 0.001.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a case (B) in which a tumor (A) having a diameter exceeding 10 mm is completely regressed.
- FIG. 7 is a graph showing the survival rate over time of mice in each group subcutaneously injected with SCCVII.
- FIG. 8 is an image obtained by injecting 1 ⁇ 10 7 macrophages labeled with IVIS (registered trademark) XenoLight DiR (Sumitomo Pharma International Co., Ltd.) from the tail vein into a tumor-formed mouse and imaging it in vivo.
- IVIS registered trademark
- XenoLight DiR Spectrum XenoLight DiR
- FIG. 9 shows changes in the population of intraperitoneal macrophages in mice in which solid tumors were formed by SCCVII.
- FIG. 10 is a histological search result (hematoxylin-eosin stained image) of a solid tumor formed by subcutaneous injection of the mouse squamous cell carcinoma strain SCCVII.
- stem cells are isolated from mammalian mesenchymal cells, early embryos and somatic cells.
- the mammal is preferably selected from the group consisting of humans, pigs, horses and monkeys because of its high genetic similarity with human cells and low risk of infection.
- mesenchymal cells refer to cells that have the ability to differentiate into cells belonging to the mesenchymal system, such as osteoblasts, adipocytes, muscle cells, and chondrocytes.
- mesenchymal cells include dental pulp cells, bone marrow cells, umbilical cord cells, and adipocytes of the above animals.
- the “early-development embryo” refers to an embryo at an early stage up to a blastocyst that has developed more than a fertilized egg, which is necessary for establishing ES cells.
- Somatic cell refers to a general term for cells other than germ cells among the cells constituting an organism.
- “dental pulp cell” refers to a kind of stem cell contained in a dental nerve having regenerative ability. Because it is protected by a hard material called teeth, it has the property that it does not transmit ultraviolet rays or radiation, and genes are not easily damaged.
- “Bone marrow cell” is a general term for cells obtained in a bone marrow aspirate, and includes leukocyte cells such as myeloblasts, erythroblast cells, bone marrow megakaryocytes, and plasma cells.
- the umbilical cord cell is a cell existing in the umbilical cord connecting the fetus and the placenta, and is also included in the umbilical cord and includes umbilical cord blood that is rich in hematopoietic stem cells.
- examples of the gene to be introduced into the stem cells described above include hTERT, bmi-1, E6, E7, Oct3 / 4, Sox2, Klf4, c-Myc, and p16INK4a.
- hTERT is a gene for telomere repair enzyme
- bmi-1 is a gene for Bmi-1, which is one of the proteins constituting the polycomb complex.
- Bmi-1 is necessary for maintenance of hematopoietic stem cells, and has an effect that hematopoietic stem cells can be increased by enhancing the activity.
- E6 and E7 are the early genes of HPV-16 or HPV-18 DNA.
- Oct3 / 4 is a gene that activates transcription of the target gene in cooperation with Sox2.
- Klf4 Keruppel-type transcription factor 4 regulates genes involved in cell division and embryogenesis, and has been implicated as a tumor suppressor for digestive cancer.
- Sox2 belongs to the SRY-related HMG box gene family and is known to be involved in maintaining undifferentiated (pluripotent) functions.
- c-Myc is an oncogene and promotes both cell survival and death in tumors induced with c-Myc.
- p16INK4a is a gene that plays an important role in controlling the cell cycle of cancer cells.
- the collected dental pulp tissue is basal medium such as Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium (Dulbecco's Modified) containing 5-15% bovine serum (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “CS”) and 50-150 units / mL antibiotics. Suspended in Eagle's Medium (hereinafter referred to as “DMEM”). Subsequently, the cells are treated with 1-5 mg / mL collagenase and 1-5 mg / mL dispase at 37 ° C. for 0.5-2 hours.
- basal medium such as Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium (Dulbecco's Modified) containing 5-15% bovine serum (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “CS”) and 50-150 units / mL antibiotics. Suspended in Eagle's Medium (hereinafter referred to as “DMEM”). Subsequently, the cells are treated with 1-5 mg / mL collagenase and 1-5 mg / mL dispase at 37
- IMDM Iskov modified Dulbecco medium
- HamF12 Ham F12 medium
- RPMI1640 medium Two or more basic media may be used in combination.
- IMDM and HamF12 are mixed in equal amounts (for example, commercially available as trade name: IMDM / HamF12 (GIBCO)) can be mentioned.
- FCS fetal bovine serum
- KSR washout serum replacement
- BSA bovine serum albumin
- the sorted cells are resuspended in, for example, 3 to 6 mL of the above basic medium, and seeded in an adherent cell culture dish having a diameter of 4 to 8 cm.
- the cells are cultured at 37 ° C. for about 2 weeks in a 5% CO 2 incubator. After removing the culture medium, the cells are washed 1 to several times with PBS or the like. Instead of removing the culture medium and washing the cells, the adhesive dental pulp stem cells that formed colonies can also be recovered. Adherent dental pulp stem cells are detached from the dish by treatment with, for example, 0.025-0.1% trypsin and 0.3-1 mM EDTA for several minutes at 37 ° C., and the cells are then collected.
- a culture solution for example, DMEM containing 10% FCS
- the adherent cells selected as described above are cultured.
- the dental pulp stem cells obtained as described above are seeded in an adherent cell culture dish and cultured in an incubator under conditions of 5% CO 2 and 37 ° C.
- the subculture is detached and collected from the culture vessel using trypsin and EDTA as described above. Seed in a culture vessel containing
- the sub-conflict refers to a state in which cells adhere to about 70% of the cell attachment surface in the culture vessel.
- the subculture is performed 1 to 8 times, and the selected cells are grown to the required number of cells, for example, about 1 ⁇ 10 7 cells / mL.
- the cells are collected and stored in liquid nitrogen.
- Cells collected from various donors may be stored in the form of dental pulp stem cell banks.
- genes to be introduced are preferably four types selected from the group consisting of hTERT, bmi-1, E6, E7, Oct3 / 4, Sox2, Klf4, c-Myc, and p16INK4a.
- hTERT is a gene for human telomerase reverse transcriptase
- bmi-1 is a polycomb group gene involved in stem cell self-renewal and differentiation control.
- E6 and E7 are genes present in an open reading frame that encodes the early genes used by human papillomavirus for self-replication. Such gene introduction can be performed as follows.
- a plasmid for incorporating the above gene of interest is prepared, this is incorporated into a shuttle vector, for example, pSuttle2, and the above gene is cloned.
- E. coli is transformed with this shuttle vector, and kanamycin resistant transformants are selected.
- the plasmid DNA of the selected kanamycin resistant transformant is purified and the restriction enzyme site is analyzed to identify the recombinant.
- the expression cassette is excised from the above shuttle vector using restriction enzymes such as PI-SceI and I-CueI, and this is ligated to an adenovirus vector such as Adeno-X viral DNA.
- restriction enzymes such as PI-SceI and I-CueI
- the resulting ligation product is cleaved with SwaI and used to transform E. coli.
- an ampicillin resistant transformant is selected.
- the recombinant adenovirus DNA in which the above gene is incorporated is purified, and the restriction enzyme site is analyzed to identify the recombinant.
- the recombinant adenovirus is digested with PacI, and this is transfected into HEK293 cells. Recombinant adenovirus is propagated and collected to determine virus titer. The virus is purified according to a conventional method and infected with the target cell, SHED.
- STRO-1 is considered as one of the markers of pluripotent mesenchymal stem cells in the bone marrow and serves as an indicator of cell immortalization.
- the immortalized stem cells obtained were cultured for 24 to 48 hours under the conditions of 5% CO 2 and 37 ° C. using the above-mentioned basic medium, for example, DMEM supplemented with 10% FBS. Get Qing.
- DMEM fetal calf serum
- Get Qing For the collection of the culture supernatant, for example, a comago pipette can be used.
- the collected culture supernatant may be used as it is as an active ingredient of the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention, and after the concentration, solvent replacement, dialysis, lyophilization, dilution and other treatments, the effective of the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention. It may be used as an ingredient.
- the culture supernatant of the immortalized stem cells obtained as described above contains various growth factors and exhibits various actions without high purification. That is, since the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention that can be used for treatment of various diseases can be produced by a simple process, it is possible to avoid a decrease in physiological activity of various growth factors accompanying high-purification.
- the “culture supernatant of immortalized stem cells” used in the present invention refers to a culture supernatant containing various biological factors obtained by culturing immortalized stem cells, and does not include immortalized stem cells or other cells. Refers to a solution.
- serum-free media When preparing culture supernatants that do not contain serum, use serum-free media in all steps from initial culture to passage, or do not pass through several passages before harvesting the cells. Serum medium may be used.
- the dental pulp stem cells selected and cultured by the above method are tissues and cells collected from the living body and have the same properties as the primary cultured cells seeded first.
- primary cultured cells are important in that they have properties similar to those of the source organ and are close to normal cells.
- the growth is slower than that of the established cell line, and de-differentiation may occur while the culture is continued, which is difficult to maintain while maintaining its properties.
- the expression rate of STRO-1 which is a marker of the degree of cell undifferentiation, is significantly higher than that of dental pulp stem cells that are not immortalized stem cells when the number of cell doublings is 20 or 40. It is preferable that the ratio is as high as about 1.5 to 3 times. This is because the high expression rate of STRO-1 is an indicator that the same properties as the primary cultured cells are exhibited.
- the immortalized stem cells of the present invention are derived from insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), transforming growth factor- ⁇ (TGF- ⁇ ), and hepatocyte growth factor HGF. At least two or more growth factors selected from the group consisting of are secreted into the culture supernatant.
- the “growth factor” is a general term for polypeptides that promote cell division or cause morphological changes or hypertrophy. Factors vary depending on the type of cells that produce growth factors, and are roughly classified into epidermal growth factor (EGF), fibroblast growth factor (FGF), nervous system nerve growth factor, tumor growth factor (TGF), and the like.
- receptors on the cell membrane of each cell have tyrosine kinase activity, and when a growth factor binds, the tyrosine residue of the protein is phosphorylated, causing cell proliferation and differentiation.
- growth factors are mesoderm inducers in ontogeny.
- mesoderm inducers in lymphokine ontogeny that regulates the immune system.
- Such growth factors can be quantified by an ELISA method, a microarray method, or the like.
- IGF-1 is a polypeptide having a sequence highly similar to that of insulin, and induces a mitogenic reaction or the like in the same manner as insulin in cell culture. It is known to affect the growth of nerve cells.
- VEGF is a group of glycoproteins involved in angiogenesis that forms new blood vessels where there are no blood vessels and angiogenesis that branches from existing blood vessels to form blood vessels during the embryogenesis stage. is there.
- TGF- ⁇ is also a potent growth inhibitory factor for many cells and is closely involved in cell differentiation, migration, and adhesion, ontogeny and tissue remodeling, wound healing, inflammation / immunity, cancer invasion / It plays an important role in a wide range of areas such as metastasis.
- HGF is versatile not only for hepatocytes but also for various cells that promote cell proliferation, promote cell motility, induce anti-apoptosis (cell death), induce morphogenesis, and regenerate and protect other tissues and organs. It has various physiological activities.
- the above-mentioned proteins are obtained in the culture supernatant containing the above growth factors by culturing the above-mentioned various stem cells, for example, in DMEM supplemented with 15% FCS at 37 ° C. for a predetermined period. be able to.
- the stem cell culture supernatant contains about 70 types of proteins in addition to IGF-1, VEGF, TGF- ⁇ , and HGF.
- Amicon can be concentrated by ethanol precipitation. For example, 5 mL of the culture supernatant is mixed with 45 mL of 100% ethanol and left at ⁇ 20 ° C. for 60 minutes. The supernatant is then removed by centrifugation at 15,000 xg for 15 minutes at 4 ° C.
- the culture supernatant obtained as described above may be used as it is, or may be appropriately diluted with a physiologically acceptable solvent such as phosphate buffered saline. Moreover, it can also be freeze-dried according to a conventional method to prepare a pharmaceutical composition adjusted at the time of use.
- a physiologically acceptable solvent such as phosphate buffered saline.
- the amount of growth factor in the culture supernatant contained in this pharmaceutical preparation is preferably about 50 to 500% by weight based on the total dry weight.
- Examples of the dosage form of this pharmaceutical composition include powders, solutions, gels, sprays, and transdermal absorption systems.
- additives such as fillers, excipients, and pH adjusters can be added and placed in sterilized glass ampoules, serum tubes, or other small containers to make pharmaceutical preparations. At the time of use, it may be dissolved in physiological saline or sterilized water for injection and administered nasally, or it may be infiltrated with gauze and attached to the affected area.
- collagen, ⁇ -TCP, or the like may be used as a scaffold, and these may be immersed in the above solution and embedded.
- Example 1 Preparation of immortalized cells (1) Preparation of vector for virus introduction (1-1) Reagent for plasmid extraction, etc. Kanamycin (Kan), ampicillin (Amp), LB liquid medium and LB agar medium, glycogen, agarose Sterile water, ammonium acetate, sodium acetate, sodium dodecyl sulfate and RNase A were used. 50 mg / mL kanamycin and ampicillin were prepared and stored at ⁇ 20 ° C. as stock solutions. Glycogen was adjusted to 20 mg / mL. 10 mg / mL RNase A was prepared and stored at -20 ° C. 10M (saturated) ammonium acetate (NH 4 OAc), 3M sodium acetate (NaOAc; pH 5.2) were prepared.
- E. coli competent cells Supercharge EZ10 Electrocompetent Cells, product code 636756), Swa I (product code 1111A, Smi I is equivalent), Xho I (product code 1094A), T4 DNA Ligase (product) Code 2011A), NucleoBond Xtra Midi (product code 740410.10 / .50 / .100), and NucleoSpin Plasmid (product code 740588 10/50/250) were all purchased from Takara Bio Inc. Pac I was purchased from New England Biolabs.
- Buffer 1 25 mM Tris-HCl containing 10 mM EDTA and 50 mM glucose (pH 8. 0) (After autoclaving, store at 4 ° C)
- Buffer 2 0.2M NaOH containing 1% SDS (prepared immediately before use, sealed, and stored at room temperature)
- Buffer 3 5M KOAc (After autoclaving, store at 4 ° C)
- Buffer 4 10 mM Tris-HCl (pH 8.0) containing 1 mM EDTA, 20 ⁇ g / mL RNase (Add RNase immediately before use and store at –20 ° C)
- HEK293 cells (ATCC # CRL1573) transformed with human type 5 adenovirus were used.
- HEK293 cells were cultured in complete medium.
- the composition of the complete medium was DMEM (Dulbecco's Modified Eagle's Medium, basic medium) supplemented with 100 unit / mL penicillin G sodium, 100 ⁇ g / mL streptomycin, 4 mM L-glutamine and 10% FBS.
- the penicillin G sodium solution was prepared at 10,000 units / mL
- the streptomycin sulfate solution was prepared at 10,000 ⁇ g / mL and stored as a stock solution.
- Trypsin-EDTA (product code CC-5012) was purchased from Takara Bio Inc. Phosphate buffered saline (containing no PBS, Ca2 + and Mg2 + ) and Dulbecco's phosphate buffered saline (containing DPBS, Ca2 + and Mg2 + ) were prepared. Further, a 0.33% neutral red staining solution and a 0.4% trypan blue staining solution were used.
- X-Gal (5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl- ⁇ -D-galactopyranoside [25 mg / mL]) dimethylformamide (DMF) solution was stored in the dark at -20 ° C.
- Luminescent ⁇ -gal Detection Kit II (product code 631712) was used.
- trypsin reaction was stopped by adding 10 mL complete medium and gently suspended. Viable count was performed, and 10 5 cells were transferred to a 100 mm plate containing 10 mL of the culture solution and spread uniformly.
- pShuttle2-lac Z positive control vector included in Adeno-X Expression System 1
- Adeno-X Viral DNA PI-Sce I and I-Ceu I digested
- a recombinant adenovirus containing lac Z was constructed according to the protocol attached to.
- the target cell, SHED was infected and assayed for ⁇ -galactosidase expression to confirm that the vector was constructed.
- rpShuttle2 Vector Before construction of recombinant pShuttle2 Vector (hereinafter referred to as “rpShuttle2 Vector”), DH5 ⁇ E. coli was transformed with pShuttle2 Vector and pShuttle2-lac Z Vector included in the kit. did. A transformant was selected on an LB agar plate (hereinafter referred to as “LB / Kan”) containing 50 ⁇ g / mL kanamycin, and the cells taken from a single colony were streaked to a new LB / Kan. Incubate overnight at ° C.
- LB / Kan LB agar plate
- hTERT, bmi-1, E6, and E7 were cloned into pShuttle2 by the following procedure.
- PShuttle2 Vector was cleaved with restriction enzymes suitable for these genes.
- the target DNA fragment was prepared and purified according to a conventional method.
- the vector digested with the restriction enzyme and the gene fragment were ligated, and DH5 ⁇ cells (competent cells) were transformed with the ligation product.
- a part of the above competent cells was taken and transformed with the control vector pShuttle2-lac Z Vector included in the kit as a positive control.
- the mixed solution containing transformed E. coli was inoculated on an LB / Kan agar plate, and kanamycin resistant (Kanr) transformants (colony) were selected. Five to ten Kan resistant clones were selected and inoculated into a small amount of liquid medium for amplification. After confirming that these clones had rpShuttle2 Vector, they were incubated overnight. Thereafter, the constructed plasmid DNA was purified by a conventional method using a commercially available silica adsorption column.
- This plasmid DNA was treated with a restriction enzyme and subjected to 1% agarose gel electrophoresis to identify the desired recombinant plasmid. By sequencing, the direction of the inserted fragment and the insertion site were confirmed, and a positive clone was identified.
- rpShuttle2 plasmid DNA Recombinant pShuttle2 plasmid DNA (hereinafter referred to as “rpShuttle2 plasmid DNA”) was directly transfected into target cells, and Western blotting was performed to preliminarily check the expression of the target protein.
- Phenol chloroform: isoamyl alcohol extraction
- 1 ⁇ TE Buffer pH 8.0
- PCI isoamyl alcohol extraction
- the mixture was centrifuged at 14,000 rpm for 5 minutes at 4 ° C., and the aqueous layer was transferred to a clean 1.5 mL microcentrifuge tube.
- the mixture was centrifuged at 14,000 rpm for 5 minutes at 4 ° C., and the supernatant was removed by aspiration to obtain a pellet.
- 300 ⁇ L of 70% ethanol was added and centrifuged at 14,000 rpm for 2 minutes at room temperature. The supernatant was carefully aspirated off and the pellet was air dried at room temperature for approximately 15 minutes.
- pellets were dried, they were dissolved in 10 ⁇ L of sterilized 1 ⁇ TE buffer (pH 8.0) and stored at ⁇ 20 ° C. until use.
- the mixture was centrifuged at 14,000 rpm for 5 minutes at 4 ° C., and the supernatant was removed by aspiration to obtain a pellet.
- the following ethanol precipitation operation was performed in the same manner as in the above (3-4). After the pellet dried, it was dissolved in 15 ⁇ L of sterile deionized water.
- the transformation mixture is inoculated into an agar plate (hereinafter referred to as “LB / Amp agar plate”) containing ampicillin (final concentration 100 ⁇ g / mL) in LB medium and incubated overnight at 37 ° C. for resistance to ampicillin. (Ampr) transformants were selected. About 10 6 colonies were obtained. The obtained colonies were checked with the Adeno-X System PCR Screening Primer Set attached to the product. 5 mL of fresh LB / Amp liquid medium was inoculated with cells from a single colony and cultured overnight. On the next day, Adeno-X plasmid DNA was purified according to the mini-scale method described later.
- 150 ⁇ L of the above buffer 1 was added, gently pipetted and resuspended.
- 150 ⁇ L of Buffer 2 was added, gently mixed by inversion, and left on ice for 5 minutes.
- 150 ⁇ L of buffer 3 was added, and the mixture was inverted again and left on ice for 5 minutes.
- the cell suspension was centrifuged at 14,000 rpm for 5 minutes at 4 ° C., and the clear supernatant was transferred to a clean 1.5 mL centrifuge tube.
- 450 ⁇ L of a PCI mixed solution was added, mixed by inversion and stirred. Thereafter, the mixture was centrifuged at 14,000 rpm for 5 minutes at 4 ° C., and the aqueous layer was transferred to a clean 1.5 mL microcentrifuge tube.
- the following ethanol precipitation was performed in the same manner as in (3-4) above, and the pellet solution was stored at ⁇ 20 ° C. until use.
- the target rDNA was identified by restriction enzyme analysis and PCR described below.
- Each culture plate was transfected with 10 ⁇ L of Pac-I-digested Adeno-X plasmid DNA, and Adeno-X DNA was introduced into HEK293 cells according to the standard transfection method (CalPhos Mammalian Transfection Kit product code 631312). From the day after transfection, it was confirmed whether CPE (cytopathic effect) occurred.
- the cells adhering to the bottom and sides of the culture plate were gently agitated to release them.
- the resulting cell suspension was transferred to a 15 mL sterilized conical centrifuge tube and centrifuged at 1,500 ⁇ g for 5 minutes at room temperature.
- the obtained precipitate was suspended in 500 ⁇ L of sterile PBS.
- a freeze-thaw operation of freezing in dry ice / boiled ethanol and thawing in a 37 ° C. constant temperature bath was repeated three times to obtain a lysate in which cells were sufficiently thawed.
- the suspension was lightly centrifuged to remove the suspended matter, and the supernatant was transferred to another sterilized tube and used immediately. The portion not used immediately was stored at -20 ° C.
- titer of adenovirus was measured according to the instruction manual (PT3651-1) of this kit, using an anti-Hexon antibody included in Adeno-X Rapid Rapider Kit (product code: 631028).
- CPE was confirmed by culturing at 37 ° C. in the presence of 5% CO 2 for 3 to 4 days. When 50% of the cells were detached, a free cell suspension was prepared in the same manner as above and transferred to a 15 mL sterilized conical centrifuge tube. Freezing and thawing operations similar to the above were performed to thaw the cells. A titer of 10 7 PFU / mL was obtained using the Adeno-X Rapid Titer Kit (product code 631028).
- Adenoviral infection of target cells (7-1) Infection of target cells 6-well plates were inoculated with 1 ⁇ 10 6 SHEDs 24 hours before infection. The day after inoculation, the medium was removed and 1.0 mL of medium containing virus was added to the center of each plate. This solution was spread evenly over the monolayer formed by SHED.
- the cells were cultured at 37 ° C. in the presence of 5% CO 2 for 4 hours to infect the virus with SHED. Then, a fresh medium was added and further cultured at 37 ° C. in the presence of 5% CO 2 .
- Transgene expression was analyzed over time from 24 to 48 hours after infection. (7-2) Analysis of ⁇ -galactosidase expression in infected cells ⁇ -galactosidase expression in adherent cells infected with Adeno-X-lac Z was performed using Luminescent ⁇ -galDetection Kit II (product code 631712, Clontech). Assayed.
- Example 2 Production of SHED (1) Isolation of deciduous stem cells
- Deciduous deciduous teeth obtained from a 10-year-old healthy boy were used. After this deciduous deciduous tooth was sterilized with an isodine solution, the dental crown was cut horizontally using a dental diamond point, and the pulp tissue was collected using a dental reamer. The obtained dental pulp tissue was digested in a solution of 3 mg / mL type I collagenase and 4 mg / mL dispase at 37 ° C. for 1 hour. The solution was then filtered using a 70 mm cell strainer (Falcon).
- the cells separated by filtration were resuspended in 4 mL of the above medium and seeded in an adherent cell culture dish having a diameter of 6 cm.
- DMEM Dulbecco's Modified Eagle's Medium
- FCS 10% FCS
- the incubator desktop personal use cell culture device 9000EX series, Wakenbee Tech Co., Ltd.
- Adherent cells dental pulp stem cells
- the cells detached from the dish were collected.
- adherent cells selected as described above are seeded in an adherent cell culture dish (collagen-coated dish), and then primary cultured in an incubator adjusted to 5% CO 2 and 37 ° C. It was. When it becomes subconfluent (contains about 70% of the surface of the culture vessel) or confluent by visual observation, it is treated with 0.05% trypsin / EDTA for 5 minutes at 37 ° C to detach the cells from the culture vessel And recovered.
- the cells thus obtained were seeded again in a dish containing the above medium and subcultured several times to grow to about 1 ⁇ 10 7 cells / mL.
- the resulting cells were stored in liquid nitrogen.
- SHED human fallen deciduous dental pulp stem cells
- SHED was fixed with 3% paraformaldehyde, then rinsed twice with PBS, and treated with 100 mM glycine for 20 minutes. These cells were then permeabilized with 0.2% Triton-X (Sigma-Aldrich) for 30 minutes and then incubated in a mixture of 5% donkey serum and 0.5% bovine serum albumin for 20 minutes.
- the cells were incubated with the primary antibody mouse anti-human STRO-1 antibody (1: 100, manufactured by R & D) for 1 hour, and the secondary antibody goat anti-mouse immunoglobulin M-FITC antibody (1: 500, Incubated for 30 minutes with Southern Biotech) and mounted using VectorShield DAPI (Vector Laboratories Inc).
- ⁇ -MEM supplemented with 15% FBS was placed in a 6-well plate, and the sorted cells were seeded for clone preparation. Approximately 300 colonies from the expanded cells were pooled for testing.
- infected cells were selected by culturing for 10 days in the above medium supplemented with puromycin (1 pg / mL), and 500-600 resistant clones were pooled. Every 3-4 days, about 0.5 ⁇ 10 5 SHEDs were seeded in a 100 mm ⁇ culture dish and subcultured.
- SHED-T The SHED into which the gene was introduced
- SHED-C the SHED into which the gene was not introduced
- Example 3 Examination of characteristics of SHED (1) Measurement of growth rate of SHED-C and SHED-T The doubling state of the number of individuals of SHED-T (SHED into which gene was introduced) was shown in FIG. In the figure, the vertical axis represents the number of individual doublings (number of cell divisions, times), and the horizontal axis represents time (culture days). In addition, the state in which SHED in culture does not divide for one month was used as a criterion for cell aging.
- SHED-C stopped growing after about 30 times and entered the aging or growth stop phase. In contrast, SHED-T exceeded 250 PD and proliferated after 800 days.
- SHED-C the percentage of STRO-1 positive cells was 27% in PD20 and decreased to 15% in PD30 (FIGS. 2 (A) and (B)).
- SHED-T the proportion of STRO-1 positive cells was 46% for PD20 and 41% for PD40, respectively (FIGS. 2 (C) and (D)).
- transplant 8 weeks after transplantation, the transplant was collected, fixed with 4% formalin, decalcified, and buffered with a PBS solution containing 10% EDTA for embedding in paraffin. Some were stored in 70% ethanol solution for plastic embedding.
- FIG. 4 shows changes in the amount of new bone between SHED-T and SHED-C at each individual doubling number (doubling time).
- ** represents p ⁇ 0.05
- *** represents p ⁇ 0.01.
- the amount of new bone was calculated
- SHED-C and SHED-T cells were transplanted into the subcutaneous tissue of immunocompromised mice. After the transplantation, observation was performed for 30 days or more. During this period, no tumor was formed in any mouse transplanted with the above cells. In SHED-T cells, there was no change in the morphology of all clones of 40-200 PD cultured cells. From the above, it was shown that SHED-T has no carcinogenic activity.
- Evaluation SEHD-T was shown to have the ability to proliferate while maintaining differentiation ability even when it exceeded 260 PD, but SHED-C aged at 30 PD or less, although it had differentiation ability. .
- SHED-T is an immortalized stem cell and is suitable for mass production of highly active SHED culture supernatant.
- Example 4 Preparation of conditioned medium Immortalized SHED prepared in Example 1 was cultured in a serum-free medium for 48 hours under the following conditions with oxygen concentrations of 20%, 10%, 5%, and 1%. The supernatant was collected.
- cytokines shown in Table 6 below were determined using ELISA kits (manufactured by R & D Systems, Human IGF-1 Quantikine Elisa kit (catalog number: DG100), Human TGF- ⁇ Quantikine Elisa kit (catalog number: DB100B), Human Measurement was performed using VEGF Quantikine Elisa kit (catalog number: DVE00)).
- Example 5 Examination of therapeutic effect using cancer-bearing animal Mouse squamous cell carcinoma strain SCCVII (provided by Mr. Nishimura, Kinki University School of Medicine) in DMEM containing 10% FBS (Gibco), After culturing at 37 ° C. for 1 week, the cells were separated using a PBS buffer containing 0.5% trypsin. Viable cells were counted by staining with trypan blue, and a suspension of 1 ⁇ 10 6 cells / mL was prepared using 1 mL of PBS buffer.
- mice Under the back of 50 mice (C3H / He, 7 weeks old, purchased from Chubu Scientific Materials Co., Ltd.), 0.5 mL of the cell suspension prepared as described above was added to the 18G injection needle (manufactured by Terumo). Were injected (5 ⁇ 10 5 mice / mouse). There were 10 animals per group. 1 mL of the culture supernatant of a control group (buffer only) and group I to group IV (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “GI to GIV”) was administered to each group of mice via the tail vein. After injecting the cancer cells, each group of mice was bred under the same conditions as above.
- mice Each group of mice was placed in a cage and reared under light and dark conditions for 12 hours under conditions of 25 ⁇ 0.5 ° C. and 50% humidity. Water and feed were given freely. Tumor diameter was measured daily with calipers.
- GII and GIII had a significantly slower increase in tumor diameter than GI (* is p ⁇ 0.05), exceeding 10 mm on the 7th day of administration and exceeding 20 mm on the 19th day.
- FIG. 6 shows photographs of mice in a state (A) and a complete cure (B) when the diameter of the tumor is maximized.
- Fig. 7 shows changes in the survival rate of each group of mice.
- the difference in the increase in tumor diameter was reflected in the survival rate of mice, and in GI, all mice died on the 41st day. In GII and GIII, all mice died after 50 days. In contrast, with GIV, approximately 80% of mice survived beyond 60 days, and all mice died on the 78th day. Survival was about twice that of GI.
- Example 6 Examination about change of tumor and surrounding tissue Macrophage behavior with respect to cancer tissue was measured by in vivo imaging. 5 mL of thioglycolate solution (2% Brewer's thioglycolate medium (Difco)) was injected into the abdominal cavity of the mouse, and after 4 days, the abdominal cavity was washed with PBS to obtain 10 7 macrophages. . Among the obtained macrophages, 3 ⁇ 10 6 cells were mixed with 3.5 ⁇ g / mL dye (Molecular Tracer DiR (Sumitomo Pharma International)) and 0.5% ethanol and labeled.
- thioglycolate solution 2% Brewer's thioglycolate medium (Difco)
- the culture supernatant prepared in Example 2 was injected at 1 mL / mouse into each group of mice from the tail vein.
- the amount of cytokine in the culture supernatant was measured using the above-described Human IGF-1 Quantikine Elisa kit, Human TGF- ⁇ Quantikine Elisa kit, and Human VEGF Quantikine Elisa kit.
- the behavior of labeled macrophages was observed using Xenogen IVIS 200 series system (Xenogen, Alameda, CA). Imaging was performed using a recommended IVIS filter set (excitation 710 nm / fluorescence 760 nm) at an excitation wavelength of 748 nm and a fluorescence wavelength of 780 nm.
- Example 7 Histological examination 5 ⁇ 10 5 SCCVII were injected into CH3 / He mice, and after 1 week and 15 weeks, tumors including the surrounding tissues were excised and examined histologically. At 15 weeks, there was a case where tumor necrosis was observed in the treatment group (GIV) (FIG. 6).
- the macrophage marker is stained with CD11b antibody (BioLegend), the M2 macrophage marker is stained with CD206 antibody (Abcam), and the M1 macrophage marker is stained with ED1 (CD68) antibody (Millipore). The ratio of M1 and M2 was examined. The results are shown in FIG.
- FIG. 10 shows stained images of mouse tumor tissues stained with eosin-hematoxylin in the control group and the treatment group.
- the macrophages accumulated in the tumor were considered to have destroyed the tumor tissue with its original phagocytic ability and at the same time controlled the growth of the tumor via TGF- ⁇ .
- the present invention is useful in the field of medicine.
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Abstract
Description
また、低酸素環境は、多数の遺伝子発現を調整し、細胞の増殖、分化、アポトーシスなどの細胞応答などを制御する。
従来技術1は、通常の酸素濃度条件の下で培養した、血管内皮増殖因子(VEGF)、肝細胞増殖因子(HGF)、インシュリン様成長因子(IGF)、血小板由来成長因子(PDGF)、形質転換成長因子-ベータ(TGF-β)からなる群より選択された少なくとも2のサイトカインを含む幹細胞の培養上清が、種々の疾病によって損傷を受けた組織、例えば、中枢神経組織、皮膚組織、歯周組織、骨組織、脳組織、網膜組織の治療に使用できることを見出し、主要な死因のひとつである、心疾患や脳血管疾患によって損傷した組織の治療剤を開発したという点では優れた技術である。しかし、主要な死因のひとつである腫瘍(癌)については検討がされていない。
本願発明の不死化幹細胞を得るには、まず、哺乳類の間葉系細胞、初期発生胚及び体細胞から幹細胞を単離する。上記哺乳類としては、ヒト、ブタ、ウマ、及びサルからなる群から選ばれるものであることが、ヒト細胞との遺伝的類似性が高いこと、及び感染の危険性が低いことから好ましい。
まず、脱落乳歯を、例えば、クロロヘキシジン、イソジン溶液その他の消毒薬で消毒した後、歯冠部を分割し、歯科用リーマーにて歯髄組織を回収する。
上記の基本培地は、後述する細胞選別用の培養、及び選別後の細胞の培養に使用することもできる。
継代培養は、例えば、肉眼で観察してサブコンフレント又はコンフレントに達したときに、上述のように、トリプシンとEDTAとを用いて細胞を培養容器から剥離させて回収し、再度、培養液を入れた培養容器に播種する。
こうした遺伝子の導入は、以下のようにして行うことができる。
以上の手順によって、歯髄由来の不死化幹細胞を得ることができる。
(実施例1)不死化細胞の調製
(1)ウイルス導入用ベクターの作製
(1-1)プラスミド抽出用試薬等
カナマイシン(Kan)、アンピシリン(Amp)、LB液体培地及びLB寒天培地、グリコーゲン、アガロース、滅菌水、酢酸アンモニウム、酢酸ナトリウム、ドデシル硫酸ナトリウム及びRNase Aを使用した。50mg/mLのカナマイシン及びアンピシリンを調製し、ストック溶液として-20℃で保存した。グリコーゲンは20mg/mLに調製した。10mg/mLのRNase Aを調製し-20℃で保存した。10M(飽和)酢酸アンモニウム(NH4OAc)、3Mの酢酸ナトリウム(NaOAc;pH5.2)を調製した。
大腸菌コンピテントセル(Supercharge EZ10 Electrocompetent Cells、製品コード 636756)、Swa I(製品コード 1111A、Smi Iが同等品)、Xho I(製品コード 1094A)、T4 DNA Ligase(製品コード 2011A)、NucleoBond Xtra Midi(製品コード 740410.10/.50/.100)、NucleoSpin Plasmid(製品コード 740588 10/50/250)は、いずれもタカラバイオ(株)より購入した。Pac IはNew England Biolabsより購入した。
1xTE Buffer(1mMのEDTAを含む10mM Tris-HCl [pH8.0])、100mM Tris-HCl(pH8.0)で飽和したフェノール:クロロホルム:イソアミルアルコール(25:24:1、以下、「PCI混液」という。)を調製した。エタノールは、100%及び70%で使用した。ミニスケールでの組換えで使用するpAdeno-X プラスミドDNAの精製用に、以下のバッファー1~4を調製した。
0)(オートクレーブ後、4℃で保存)
バッファー2:1%SDSを含む0.2M NaOH(使用直前に用時調製、密封し、室
温保存)
バッファー3:5M KOAc(オートクレーブ後、4℃で保存)
バッファー4:1mM EDTA、20μg/mL RNaseを含む10mM Tris-HCl(pH8.0)
(使用直前にRNaseを添加し、-20℃で保存)
ヒト5型アデノウイルスで形質転換したヒトHEK293細胞(ATCC #CRL1573)を使用した。HEK293細胞は完全培地で培養した。完全培地の組成は、100 unit/mLのペニシリンGナトリウムと100μg/mLのストレプトマイシン、4mMのL-グルタミン及び10%FBSを添加したDMEM(Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle’s Medium、基本培地)とした。ペニシリンGナトリウム溶液は10,000units/mL、硫酸ストレプトマイシン溶液は10,000μg/mLで調製し、ストック溶液として保存した。
(3-1)lac Zを含む組換えアデノウイルス(pAdeno-X-lac Z)の構築
10mLの上述した完全培地に、解凍後、DMSOを除去したHEK293細胞を再懸濁し、全量を100mmの培養プレートに移した。HEK293細胞が付着した後に培養液を除去し、細胞を滅菌PBSで1度洗浄し1mLのトリプシン-EDTA溶液を加えて約2分間処理した。
組換えpShuttle2 Vector(以下、「rpShuttle2 Vector」という。)の構築前に、キットに含まれているpShuttle2 Vector及びpShuttle2-lac Z VectorでDH5α大腸菌を形質転換した。50μg/mLのカナマイシンを含有するLB寒天プレート(以下、「LB/Kan」という。)上で形質転換体を選択し、単一コロニーからとった菌体を新しいLB/Kanに画線し、37℃で一晩インキュベートした。
上記のようにして作製したrpShuttle2プラスミドDNAから、導入した遺伝子の発現カセットをPI-Sce I及びI-Ceu Iで切り出した。キットに添付されたプロトコルに記載されたin vitroライゲーション法に従って、切り出した発現カセットをAdeno-X Viral DNAに組み込んだ。rpShuttle2プラスミドDNAのPI-Sce I/I-Ceu I二重消化液を30μL調製し、下記の表1に記載した試薬を1.5mLの滅菌済みマイクロ遠心チューブに入れて混合した。
1kbラダー(DNA サイズマーカー)と共に上記二重消化後の反応液(5μL)を1%アガロース/EtBrゲルで泳動した。
遠心チューブに、上述した二重消化液の残り(25μL)に、70μLの1xTE Buffer(pH8.0)と100μLのPCI混液とを添加し、ボルテックスで十分に撹拌した。次いで、微量遠心機を用いて、4℃にて14,000rpmで5分間遠心し、水層を清浄な1.5mLのマイクロ遠心チューブ移した。ここに、400μLの95%エタノール、25μLの10M酢酸アンモニウム、及び1μLのグリコーゲン(20mg/mL)を添加し、ボルテックスで十分に撹拌した。
(4-1)Adeno-X ウイルスゲノムへの発現カセットのサブクローニング
下記の表2に示す試薬を、順番通りに1.5mLの滅菌済マイクロ遠心チューブに入れ、穏やかに混和し、軽く遠心した後に、16℃にて一晩インキュベートした。
ペレットが乾燥した後に、これを15μLの滅菌脱イオン水に溶解した。
下記表3に示す消化液を調製し、遠心チューブに入れた各サンプルに加えて、2時間、25℃にて、インキュベートした。
電気的にコンピテントにした大腸菌を、Supercharge EZ10Electrocompetent Cell(製品コード 636756)を使用して、上記(4-2)で得たSwa I消化産物で形質転換した。
対数増殖にある培養液5mLを、14,000rpmで30秒間遠心し、上清を除去した。ペレットを再度10,000rpmで1分間遠心し、マイクロピペットを用いて、上清を除去した。
PI-Sce I及びI-Ceu Iを用いて解析を行った。下記の表4に示す試薬を、1.5mLの滅菌済みマイクロ遠心チューブに入れ、30μLのPI-Sce I/I-Ceu I二重消化反応液を加えて、十分に撹拌し、軽く回転させて内容物を集めた。
(6-1)HEK293細胞トランスフェクト用rAdeno-X プラスミドDNAの調製
下記表5に示す試薬等を、1.5mLの滅菌済み遠心チューブに入れて混合し、微量遠心機で軽く遠心した。その後、37℃にて2時間、インキュベートし、rAdeno-X プラスミドDNAのPac I制限酵素処理を行った。
上記プラスミドDNAのトランスフェクションの24時間前に、60mmの培養プレートあたりの細胞数が1~2x106(およそ100 cells/mm2)になるよう、HEK293細胞を接種し、37℃、5%CO2存在下でインキュベートした。
この力価測定を始める約24時間前に、HEK293細胞をT75フラスコに接種し、37℃、5%CO2存在下で一夜培養し、50~70%コンフルエントになっていることを確認した。翌日、ウイルスを含む新しい培地と交換し、MOI=10で感染させた。37℃、5%CO2存在下で90分間培養した後にフラスコを取り出し、10mLの培地を加えた。
(7-1)標的細胞への感染
感染の24時間前に6-ウェルプレートに1x106個のSHEDを接種した。接種の翌日に培地を取り除き、ウイルスを含む1.0mLの培地を各プレートの中心に添加した。この溶液をSHEDが形成した単層全体に均一に広げた。
(7-2)感染細胞のβ-ガラクトシダーゼ発現の解析
Adeno-X-lac Zを感染させた接着性細胞におけるβ-ガラクトシダーゼの発現は、Luminescent β-galDetection Kit II(製品コード 631712、クロンテック社)を使用してアッセイした。
(1)乳歯幹細胞の分離
10歳の健常男児から得られた脱落乳歯を使用した。この脱落乳歯をイソジン溶液で消毒した後、歯科用ダイヤモンドポイントを用いて、歯冠を水平方向に切断し、歯科用リーマーを用いて歯髄組織を回収した。得られた歯髄組織を、3mg/mLのI型コラゲナーゼ及び4mg/mLのディスパーゼの溶液中で37℃にて1時間消化した。ついで、この溶液を70mmの細胞ストレーナ(Falcon社製)を用いて濾過した。
上述したように、bmi-1, E6, E7及びhTERTの4つの遺伝子をアデノウイルスベクターに組み込み、これらの遺伝子産物を発現するウイルスベクターを作製した。対照として、これらの遺伝子を組み込んでいない対照ベクターを作製した。
SHEDを100mmφのコラーゲンコートディッシュに1x106個を播種し、10%FBSを添加したDMEMを加えてサブコンフレントまで培養した。この培地を吸引除去して上記培地で希釈したウイルス溶液500μLを加え(MOI=10)、37℃にて、5%CO2インキュベータ中で1時間培養し、上記ウイルスベクターを感染させた。感染48時間後、感染細胞をピューロマイシン(1pg/mL)を加えた上記の培地中で10日間培養して選択し、500~600個の耐性クローンをプールした。3~4日ごとに約0.5x105個のSHEDを100mmφの培養シャーレに播種し、継代した。遺伝子が導入されたSHEDをSHED-T、遺伝子が導入されないSHEDをSHED-Cとした。
(1)SHED-C及びSHED-Tの成長速度の測定
SHED-T(遺伝子導入をしたSHED)の個体数の倍加状態を、図1に示した。図中、縦軸は個体数倍加回数(細胞分裂回数、回)、横軸は時間(培養日数)である。また、培養中のSHEDが1ヶ月間分裂しない状態を、細胞の老化の判断基準とした。
単一細胞を含む懸濁液を得るため、接着性の単層細胞をトリプシン/EDTAで消化した。2x105個の細胞に抗STRO-1モノクローナル抗体(1:100)を加えて放置し、FACSCaliburフローサイトメーター(Becton Dickinson社)を使用して分析した。対応するアイソタイプが同一の対照抗体と比較し、99%以上の割合で蛍光レベルが高い場合に発現が陽性とした。SHED-T及びSHED-Cともに、初期及び後期の継代細胞を固定し、FITC結合STRO-1抗体で染色した。その後、フローサイトメトリーで分析した。試験はそれぞれ2回行なった。SHED-CではSTRO-1陽性細胞の割合がPD20で27%であり、PD30では15%まで減少した(図2(A)及び(B))。SHED-TではSTRO-1陽性細胞の割合が、それぞれPD20で46%、PD40で41%であった(図2(C)及び(D))。
PD0、PD10及びPD20におけるSHED-C及びSHED-Tの分化能を、新生骨量の形成能及び組織染色で調べた。まず、2.0x106個のSHED-C又はSHED-Tを、40mgのヒドロキシアパタイト/三カルシウムリン酸(HA/TCP)セラミック粉末(オリンパス工業(株))に混合し、10週齢の免疫無防備状態マウス(NIH-bgnu-xid, 雌、Harlan Sprague Dawley社)の背側表面の皮下に移植した。
新生骨量=新生骨面積/視野面積x100
SHED-C及びSHED-T細胞を、免疫無防備状態マウスの皮下組織に1x106個移植した。移植後、30日以上観察を行ったが、この期間中、上記の細胞を移植したいずれのマウスにおいても、腫瘍は形成されなかった。また、SHED-T細胞では、40~200PDの培養細胞のすべてのクローンの形態に変化はなかった。
以上より、SHED-Tには、癌化活性はないことが示された。
SEHD-Tは、260PDを超えても分化能力を保ったまま増殖する能力を有していることが示されたが、SHED-Cは、分化能力を有するものの30PD以下で老化した。
実施例1で調製した不死化SHEDを、酸素濃度を20%、10%、5%、1%とした下記の条件で48時間、無血清培地で培養し、その上清を回収した。
マウス扁平上皮癌株SCCVII(近畿大学医学部、西村氏より提供を受けた)を、10%FBS(ギブコ社製)を含むDMEM中で、37℃で1週間培養し、0.5%トリプシンを含むPBSバッファーを用いて、細胞をバラバラにした。トリパンブルーで染色して生細胞数を計数し、1x106個/mLの懸濁液を1mLのPBSバッファーを用いて調製した。
対照群(バッファーのみ)、グループI~グループIV(以下、「GI~GIV」ということがある。)の培養上清を、各群のマウスに1mLずつ、尾静脈から投与した。
癌細胞を注入した後に、各群のマウスをそれぞれ上記と同じ時条件飼育した。
癌組織に対するマクロファージの挙動を、in vivoイメージングで測定した。5mLのチオグリコレート溶液(2%のBrewer's チオグリコレート培地(Difco社))をマウスの腹腔内に注入し、4日後に、PBSを用いて腹腔洗浄を行い、107個のマクロファージを得た。得られたマクロファージのうち、3x106個を、3.5μg/mLの色素(MolecularTracer DiR(住商ファーマインターナショナル(株)))及び0.5%のエタノールと混合してラベルした。
CH3/Heマウスに、5x105個のSCCVIIを注入し、1週間後、15週間後に周辺組織を含めて腫瘍を切除し、組織学的に検索した。15週で、治療群(GIV)において、腫瘍壊死を認めた例があった(図6)。
図10に、対照群と治療群とにおける、マウスの腫瘍組織のエオシン-ヘマトキシリン染色による染色像を示す。拡大率が低い対照群(A)と治療群(B)の染色像を対比すると、治療群の染色像で腫瘍組織に若干の死滅している部分があることがわかる。拡大率を上げると、その相違が明確に観察された(図10(C)及び(D))。
Claims (9)
- 哺乳類の歯髄から得た乳歯歯髄幹細胞に4種類の遺伝子を導入して不死化幹細胞とする幹細胞作製工程と;
前記不死化幹細胞を、無血清培地中で所定の時間、酸素濃度が0.5%以上20%未満の低酸素濃度下で23~27℃で培養し、コンディション培地を調製する、コンディション培地調製工程と;を備える方法によって調製され、
酸素濃度を20%とした以外は同じ条件の下で培養した場合に調製されるコンディション培地に比べて、1.5倍以上のインスリン様成長因子(IGF-1)及び1.5倍以上の血管内皮細胞増殖因子(VEGF)を含む、癌治療用医薬組成物。 - 前記所定の時間が40~56時間である、請求項1に記載の癌治療用医薬組成物。
- 前記低酸素濃度は、酸素濃度5%以下である、請求項1又は2に記載の癌治療用医薬組成物。
- 前記低酸素濃度は、酸素濃度1%以下である、請求項3に記載の癌治療用医薬組成物。
- 前記4種類の遺伝子が、hTERT、bmi-1、E6、E7、Oct3/4、Sox2、Klf4、c-Myc、及びp16INK4aからなる群から選ばれるものである、請求項4に記載の癌治療用医薬組成物。
- 請求項1に記載の癌治療用医薬組成物は、酸素濃度を20%とした以外は同じ条件の下で培養した場合に比べて、5倍以上のトランスフォーミング因子β(TGF-β1)をさらに含む、癌治療用医薬組成物。
- 3倍以上のストロマ細胞由来因子(SDF-1)をさらに含む、請求項5又は6に記載の癌治療用医薬組成物。
- 請求項1,5又は6に記載の癌治療用医薬組成物を有効成分として含有する、癌治療用医薬製剤。
- 前記癌は、固形腫瘍である、請求項8に記載の癌治療用医薬製剤。
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CN108368501A (zh) * | 2015-11-05 | 2018-08-03 | 石匠株式会社 | 永生化干细胞及其制作方法 |
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WO2022244851A1 (ja) * | 2021-05-19 | 2022-11-24 | 学校法人東京医科大学 | 褥瘡の予防剤及び/又は治療剤 |
WO2023167243A1 (ja) * | 2022-03-01 | 2023-09-07 | 学校法人東京医科大学 | 不死化間葉系幹細胞の上清を含む脱髄疾患治療用医薬組成物、及びその組成物を有効成分とする医薬製剤 |
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SG11201605868XA (en) | 2016-08-30 |
US10639355B2 (en) | 2020-05-05 |
KR20160120726A (ko) | 2016-10-18 |
KR102297734B1 (ko) | 2021-09-03 |
JP6166388B2 (ja) | 2017-07-19 |
JP2017160264A (ja) | 2017-09-14 |
JPWO2015111712A1 (ja) | 2017-03-23 |
EP3093023A4 (en) | 2017-10-11 |
CA2937522C (en) | 2022-08-23 |
CN106102754A (zh) | 2016-11-09 |
CA2937522A1 (en) | 2015-07-30 |
CN106102754B (zh) | 2020-04-17 |
EP3093023B1 (en) | 2020-11-04 |
EP3093023A1 (en) | 2016-11-16 |
US20170007677A1 (en) | 2017-01-12 |
JP6351799B2 (ja) | 2018-07-04 |
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