WO2015108030A1 - 無線電力伝送装置及びその製造方法 - Google Patents
無線電力伝送装置及びその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2015108030A1 WO2015108030A1 PCT/JP2015/050655 JP2015050655W WO2015108030A1 WO 2015108030 A1 WO2015108030 A1 WO 2015108030A1 JP 2015050655 W JP2015050655 W JP 2015050655W WO 2015108030 A1 WO2015108030 A1 WO 2015108030A1
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- power
- resonator
- frequency
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- power supply
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- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 244
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 16
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 30
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- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007600 charging Methods 0.000 description 35
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 30
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 30
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 27
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- 238000010281 constant-current constant-voltage charging Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005674 electromagnetic induction Effects 0.000 description 4
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
- H02J50/10—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling
- H02J50/12—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling of the resonant type
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
- H02J50/50—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using additional energy repeaters between transmitting devices and receiving devices
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03H—IMPEDANCE NETWORKS, e.g. RESONANT CIRCUITS; RESONATORS
- H03H7/00—Multiple-port networks comprising only passive electrical elements as network components
- H03H7/38—Impedance-matching networks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B5/00—Near-field transmission systems, e.g. inductive or capacitive transmission systems
- H04B5/70—Near-field transmission systems, e.g. inductive or capacitive transmission systems specially adapted for specific purposes
- H04B5/79—Near-field transmission systems, e.g. inductive or capacitive transmission systems specially adapted for specific purposes for data transfer in combination with power transfer
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
- H02J50/90—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power involving detection or optimisation of position, e.g. alignment
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a wireless power transmission apparatus that supplies power by changing a magnetic field from a power supply module to a power reception module, and a method for manufacturing the wireless power transmission apparatus.
- a technique of performing power transmission using electromagnetic induction between coils see, for example, Patent Document 1
- a resonance phenomenon between resonators (coils) included in a power feeding module and a power receiving module A technique for performing power transmission by coupling magnetic fields using a magnetic field resonance state (see, for example, Patent Document 2).
- a constant current constant voltage charging method is known as a method for charging a rechargeable battery (for example, a lithium ion secondary battery).
- a constant current constant voltage charging method is known.
- the wireless power transmission device that performs the wireless power transmission
- the constant current charging (CC) is changed to the constant voltage charging (CV)
- the current value supplied to the rechargeable battery is attenuated, and the load impedance value of the power-supplied device including the rechargeable battery (including the rechargeable battery, stable circuit, charging circuit, etc.) increases (load fluctuation).
- the input impedance of the entire wireless power transmission device including the power-supplied device also fluctuates.
- the wireless power transmission device including the power-supplied device according to an increase in the value of the load impedance of the power-supplied device. If it is possible to increase the overall input impedance, the input current of the wireless power transmission device including the power-supplied device can be reduced in accordance with the increase in the load impedance of the power-supplied device. It is possible to reduce power consumption in the wireless power transmission device.
- the input impedance of the entire wireless power transmission device including the power-supplied device is increased according to an increase in the load impedance value of the power-supplied device. Is desirable.
- an object of the present invention is to provide an entire wireless power transmission apparatus including a power-supplied device in accordance with the variation tendency of the load of the power-supplied device when the load of the power-supplied device fluctuates without adding a new device. It is an object of the present invention to provide a wireless power transmission apparatus and a method for manufacturing the same, which can change the value of the input impedance of the apparatus.
- a magnetic field is changed from a power supply module including at least a power supply resonator to a power reception module including at least a power reception resonator connected to a power-fed device that varies in load.
- a wireless power transmission device for supplying electric power The value of the transmission characteristic with respect to the power supply frequency of the power in the power supply resonator and the power reception resonator has two peak bands, and the power supply frequency of the power supplied to the power supply module is the two peak bands of the transmission characteristics.
- At least the input impedance value of the wireless power transmission device including the power-supplied device with respect to the power frequency of the power is set to have two peak bands. It is a feature.
- the value of the input impedance of the entire wireless power transmission apparatus including the power-supplied device can be varied in accordance with the variation tendency of the load of the power-supplied device.
- the value of the input impedance of the entire wireless power transmission device including the power-supplied device can be increased.
- one of the inventions for solving the above problems is the wireless power transmission apparatus, By using each element value of a plurality of circuit elements constituting the power supply module and the power reception module as parameters, and changing the parameters, the value of the transmission characteristic with respect to the power frequency of the power in the power supply resonator and the power reception resonator.
- the input impedance value of the wireless power transmission device including the power-supplied device with respect to the power supply frequency of the power is set to have two peak bands. Yes.
- the value of the transmission characteristic with respect to the power frequency of the power in the power supply resonator and the power reception resonator can be reduced.
- the input impedance value of the wireless power transmission apparatus can be set to have two peak bands.
- one of the inventions for solving the above problems is the wireless power transmission apparatus, By adjusting the value of the coupling coefficient between the coils of the power supply module and the power reception module, the value of the transmission characteristic with respect to the power frequency of the power in the power supply resonator and the power reception resonator has two peak bands. And the input impedance value of the wireless power transmission device including the power-supplied device with respect to the power frequency of the power is set to have two peak bands.
- the values of the transmission characteristics with respect to the power frequency of the power in the power feeding resonator and the power receiving resonator are changed to two peak bands.
- the value of the input impedance of the wireless power transmission apparatus with respect to the power frequency of the power can be set to have two peak bands.
- One of the inventions for solving the above problems is that, in the wireless power transmission device, the value of the coupling coefficient between the coils of the power supply module and the power reception module changes the distance between the coils. It is characterized by being adjusted by.
- the value of the coupling coefficient between the coils of the power supply module and the power receiving module can be adjusted by changing the distance between the coils.
- adjustment can be performed by a simple design in which the distance between the coils is physically changed.
- the power frequency of the power supplied to the power supply module is formed on the high frequency side of the two peak bands of the transmission characteristics. It is characterized in that the frequency band corresponding to the peak band is set.
- the power supply frequency of the power supplied to the power supply module is set to a frequency band corresponding to the peak band formed on the high frequency side of the two peak bands of the transmission characteristics, so that A magnetic field space having a magnetic field strength smaller than the magnetic field strength in the vicinity can be formed between the resonator and the resonator.
- One of the inventions for solving the above problems is that, in the wireless power transmission device, the power frequency of the power supplied to the power supply module is formed on the low frequency side of the two peak bands of the transmission characteristics.
- the frequency band corresponding to the peak band is set.
- the power supply frequency of the power supplied to the power supply module is set to a frequency band corresponding to the peak band formed on the low frequency side of the two peak bands of the transmission characteristics, A magnetic field space having a magnetic field strength smaller than the magnetic field strength in the vicinity can be formed outside the power receiving resonator.
- a magnetic field is applied to a power receiving module including at least a power receiving resonator to which a power-fed device that varies in load is connected from a power feeding module including at least a power feeding resonator.
- a method of manufacturing a wireless power transmission device that supplies power by changing A step of setting the value of the transmission characteristic with respect to the power supply frequency of power in the power feeding resonator and the power receiving resonator so as to have two peak bands; Setting the input impedance value of the wireless power transmission device including the power-supplied device to at least the power supply frequency of the power to have two peak bands at the maximum value of the load fluctuation range in the power-supplied device; It is characterized by including.
- the input impedance of the entire wireless power transmission device including the power-supplied device is matched to the fluctuation tendency of the load of the power-supplied device.
- the value of can be varied. For example, when the load of the power-supplied device increases, the value of the input impedance of the entire wireless power transmission device including the power-supplied device can be increased. Thereby, when the load of the power-supplied device increases, the input current of the wireless power transmission device including the power-supplied device can be reduced, and the power consumption when the load of the power-supplied device increases can be reduced. it can.
- the input impedance value of the entire wireless power transmission device including the power-supplied device is fluctuated according to the fluctuation trend of the load on the power-supplied device. It is possible to provide a wireless power transmission apparatus and a method for manufacturing the same.
- Example 1 It is a graph which shows the relationship between the distance between coils and a coupling coefficient in wireless power transmission.
- the measurement result which concerns on Example 1 is shown and it is a graph of a S21 measurement result.
- the measurement result which concerns on Example 1 is shown and it is a graph of the input impedance with respect to a power supply frequency.
- the measurement result which concerns on Example 2 is shown and it is a graph of a S21 measurement result.
- the measurement result which concerns on Example 2 is shown and it is a graph of the input impedance with respect to a power supply frequency. It is an explanatory view showing the measurement result concerning Example 2, and showing the tendency of termination load.
- the measurement result which concerns on Example 3 is shown and it is a graph of a S21 measurement result.
- the measurement result which concerns on Example 3 is shown and it is a graph of the input impedance with respect to a power supply frequency. It is an explanatory view showing the measurement result concerning Example 3, and showing the tendency of termination load.
- the measurement result which concerns on Example 4 is shown and it is a graph of a S21 measurement result.
- the measurement result which concerns on Example 4 is shown and it is a graph of the input impedance with respect to a power supply frequency. It is an explanatory view showing the measurement result concerning Example 4, and showing the tendency of termination load.
- the measurement result which concerns on a comparative example is shown and it is a graph of a S21 measurement result.
- a power supply module 2 including a power supply resonator 22 and a power reception resonator 32 that form a magnetic field space G ⁇ b> 1 (G ⁇ b> 2) having a magnetic field strength smaller than the surrounding magnetic field strength is provided.
- the wireless power transmission apparatus 1 having the power receiving module 3 as a main component will be described by taking a charger 101 having the power feeding module 2 and a wireless headset 102 having the power receiving module 3 as an example.
- FIG. 1 shows the state of the charger 101 and the wireless headset 102 during charging.
- the charger 101 includes a power supply module 2 having a power supply coil 21 and a power supply resonator 22.
- the wireless headset 102 also includes a power receiving module 3 having an earphone speaker unit 102 a, a power receiving coil 31, and a power receiving resonator 32.
- the power supply coil 21 of the power supply module 2 is connected to an AC power supply 6 having an oscillation circuit in which a power supply frequency of power supplied to the power supply module 2 is set to a predetermined value.
- a lithium ion secondary battery 9 is connected to the power receiving coil 31 of the power receiving module 3 via a stabilizing circuit 7 that rectifies received AC power and a charging circuit 8 that prevents overcharging.
- the stabilizing circuit 7, the charging circuit 8, and the lithium ion secondary battery 9 are disposed so as to be located on the inner peripheral side of the power receiving resonator 32 (in the drawing, for the sake of explanation, the stabilizing circuit 7, The charging circuit 8 and the lithium ion secondary battery 9 are shown outside the power receiving resonator 32). Although details will be described later, a magnetic field strength smaller than the surrounding magnetic field strength is charged on the inner peripheral side of the power receiving resonator 32 where the stabilization circuit 7, the charging circuit 8, and the lithium ion secondary battery 9 are arranged. A magnetic field space G1 is formed.
- the stable circuit 7, the charging circuit 8, and the lithium ion secondary battery 9 in the present embodiment are a power-supplied device 10 that is a final power supply destination, as illustrated in FIGS.
- the power-supplied device 10 is a general term for all devices that are power supply destinations connected to the power receiving module 3.
- the charger 101 is provided with a storage groove corresponding to the shape of the wireless headset 102 for storing the wireless headset 102.
- the wireless headset 102 can be positioned so that the power supply module 2 provided in the charger 101 and the power receiving module 3 provided in the wireless headset 102 are opposed to each other. It has become.
- the feeding coil 21 serves to supply power obtained from the AC power source 6 to the feeding resonator 22 by electromagnetic induction.
- the feeding coil 21 constitutes an RL circuit including the resistor R 1 and the coil L 1 as elements.
- a solenoid coil is used for the coil L 1 portion.
- the total impedance of the circuit elements constituting the feeding coil 21 is Z 1.
- the total impedance of the element is Z 1 .
- the current flowing through the feeding coil 21 is I 1 .
- the current I 1 has the same meaning as the input current I in input to the wireless power transmission device 1.
- the RL circuit is described as an example of the power feeding coil 21, but the configuration of the RLC circuit may be used.
- the power receiving coil 31 has a function of receiving electric power transmitted as magnetic field energy from the power feeding resonator 22 to the power receiving resonator 32 by electromagnetic induction, and supplying the power to the lithium ion secondary battery 9 through the stabilization circuit 7 and the charging circuit 8. Fulfill.
- the power receiving coil 31 forms an RL circuit including the resistor R 4 and the coil L 4 as elements, as in the power feeding coil 21.
- a solenoid coil is used for the coil L 4 portion.
- the total impedance of the circuit elements constituting the power receiving coil 31 is Z 4.
- the total impedance of the element is Z 4 .
- the total load impedance of the power-supplied device 10 (the stable circuit 7, the charging circuit 8, and the lithium ion secondary battery 9) connected to the power receiving coil 31 is defined as Z L. Further, the current flowing through the power receiving coil 31 is I 4 . Although the total load impedance of the power-supplied device 10 is Z L , it may be replaced with R L for convenience. In the present embodiment, the power receiving coil 31 is described using an RL circuit as an example. However, the RLC circuit may be configured.
- the power feeding resonator 22 constitutes an RLC circuit including a resistor R 2 , a coil L 2 , and a capacitor C 2 as elements.
- the power receiving resonator 32 constitutes an RLC circuit including a resistor R 3 , a coil L 3 , and a capacitor C 3 as elements.
- Each of the power feeding resonator 22 and the power receiving resonator 32 becomes a resonance circuit and plays a role of creating a magnetic field resonance state.
- the magnetic field resonance state means that two or more coils resonate in the resonance frequency band.
- the total impedance of the circuit elements constituting the feed resonator 22 is Z 2.
- the resistor R 2 , the coil L 2 , and the capacitor C 2 constituting the feed resonator 22 are elements.
- Z 2 be the total impedance of the RLC circuit (circuit element).
- the total impedance of the circuit elements constituting the power receiving resonator 32 is Z 3.
- the resistor R 3 , the coil L 3 , and the capacitor C 3 constituting the power receiving resonator 32 are elements.
- Z 3 be the total impedance of the RLC circuit (circuit element).
- the current flowing through the power feeding resonator 22 is I 2
- the current flowing through the power receiving resonator 32 is I 3 .
- solenoid coils are used for the power supply resonator 22 and the power reception resonator 32. Further, the resonance frequencies of the power feeding resonator 22 and the power receiving resonator 32 are matched.
- the power feeding resonator 22 and the power receiving resonator 32 may be spiral or solenoid type coils as long as the resonators use coils.
- the distance between the power feeding coil 21 and the power feeding resonator 22 is d12
- the distance between the power feeding resonator 22 and the power receiving resonator 32 is d23
- the distance between the power receiving resonator 32 and the power receiving coil 31 Is d34 (see FIGS. 2 and 3).
- the coupling coefficient between the coil L 1 and the coil L 2 is denoted as k 12
- the coupling coefficient between the coil L 2 and the coil L 3 is denoted as k 23
- the coil A coupling coefficient between L 3 and the coil L 4 is expressed as k 34 .
- a circuit diagram of the wireless power transmission device 1 (including the stabilization circuit 7, the charging circuit 8, and the lithium ion secondary battery 9) having the above-described configuration is shown in the lower diagram of FIG. This is shown by replacing the entire wireless power transmission device 1 with one input impedance Z in , the voltage applied to the wireless power transmission device 1 is the voltage V in , and the current input to the wireless power transmission device 1 is I in .
- the current I in can be expressed as (Expression 2) when expressed by a relational expression based on the voltage V in and the input impedance Z in . ... (Formula 2)
- the configuration of the wireless power transmission device 1 is represented by an equivalent circuit as shown in FIG. From the equivalent circuit of FIG. 3, the input impedance Z in of the wireless power transmission device 1 can be expressed as (Equation 3). ... (Formula 3)
- the impedances Z 1 , Z 2 , Z 3 , Z 4 , and Z L in the power feeding coil 21, the power feeding resonator 22, the power receiving resonator 32, and the power receiving coil 31 of the wireless power transmission device 1 in the present embodiment are respectively It can be expressed as (Equation 4). ... (Formula 4)
- the wireless power transmission device 1 when the resonance frequency of the power supply resonator 22 and the power reception resonator 32 are matched, a magnetic field resonance state is created between the power supply resonator 22 and the power reception resonator 32. can do.
- a magnetic field resonance state is created in a state where the power feeding resonator 22 and the power receiving resonator 32 resonate, electric power can be transmitted from the power feeding resonator 22 to the power receiving resonator 32 as magnetic field energy. Then, the power received by the power receiving resonator 32 is supplied to the lithium ion secondary battery 9 through the power receiving coil 31, the stabilization circuit 7, and the charging circuit 8 to be charged.
- the magnetic field space G1 or the magnetic field space G2 in which the magnetic field strength is weakened is formed in order to suppress the strength of the magnetic field generated in and around the power supply module 2 and the power receiving module 3.
- the power supply resonator 22 and A magnetic field space G1 or a magnetic field space G2 having a magnetic field strength smaller than the surrounding magnetic field strength is formed in the vicinity of the power receiving resonator 32.
- the graph indicating the transmission characteristic “S21” with respect to the power supply frequency in the power supply resonator 22 and the power reception resonator 32 is set to have two peak bands, and the power supply module This is realized by setting the power frequency of the power to be supplied to a power frequency corresponding to one of the two peak bands.
- the power source frequency is set to the higher frequency side of the two peak bands.
- a power supply frequency corresponding to the formed peak band is set.
- the power supply frequency corresponds to the peak band formed on the low frequency side of the two peak bands. Set to the power frequency to be used.
- the transmission characteristic “S21” means that the wireless power transmission device 1 (the power feeding module 2 and the power receiving module 3) is connected to the network analyzer 110 (for example, E5061B manufactured by Agilent Technologies, Inc., see FIG. 5). It represents a signal to be measured, displayed in decibels, and a larger value means higher power transmission efficiency.
- the power transmission efficiency is the ratio of the power output from the input terminal 112 to the power supplied from the output terminal 111 to the power supply module 2 in a state where the wireless power transmission device 1 is connected to the network analyzer 110. .
- the transmission power “S21” with respect to the power supply frequency in the power feeding resonator 22 and the power receiving resonator 32 is supplied to the power feeding resonator 22. Analyzing while changing the power supply frequency.
- the horizontal axis represents the power frequency of the AC power output from the output terminal 111 and the vertical axis represents the transmission characteristic “S21”.
- the power feeding resonator 22 and the power receiving resonator 32 in measuring the transmission characteristic “S21” in the power feeding resonator 22 and the power receiving resonator 32, if the coupling between the power feeding coil 21 and the power feeding resonator 22 is strong, the power feeding resonator 22 and the power receiving resonator 32 The distance d12 between the power supply coil 21 and the power supply resonator 22 is not accurately measured because the transmission characteristic “S21” in the power supply resonator 22 and the power reception resonator 32 cannot be measured accurately.
- the feed resonator 22 must be sufficiently excited to generate a magnetic field by the feed resonator 22, and the feed coil 21 and the feed resonator 22 must be kept at a distance that does not couple as much as possible.
- the distance d34 between the power receiving resonator 32 and the power receiving coil 31 can also sufficiently excite the power receiving resonator 32, generate a magnetic field by the power receiving resonator 32, and receive power from the power receiving resonator 32 and power receiving. It is necessary to keep the coil 31 at a distance that does not couple as much as possible.
- the analyzed waveform of the transmission characteristic “S21” in the power feeding resonator 22 and the power receiving resonator 32 analyzed has a peak band (f (Low P)) formed on the low frequency side and a high frequency as shown in FIG. It is set so as to have two peak bands (f (High P)) formed on the frequency side (see solid line 150).
- the analysis waveform of the transmission characteristic “S21” in the power feeding resonator 22 and the power receiving resonator 32 has two peak bands separated on the low frequency side and the high frequency side.
- the distance d23 between the resonator 22 and the power receiving resonator 32 is adjusted, R 2 , L 2 , C 2 of the RLC circuit of the power feeding resonator 22, R 3 , L 3 , C of the RLC circuit of the power receiving resonator 32 resistance value at 3, inductance, capacitance, is achieved by or adjusting the modifiable parameters that constitute the power feed resonator 22 and the power-receiving resonator 32, such as the coupling coefficient k 23.
- the magnetic field generated on the inner peripheral side of the power feeding resonator 22 and the magnetic field generated on the inner peripheral side of the power receiving resonator 32 cancel each other. Further, the influence of the magnetic field on the inner peripheral side of the power receiving resonator 32 is reduced, and the magnetic field strengths other than the inner peripheral side of the power feeding resonator 22 and the power receiving resonator 32 (for example, the outer periphery of the power feeding resonator 22 and the power receiving resonator 32).
- the magnetic field space G1 having a magnetic field strength smaller than the magnetic field strength on the side can be formed.
- a resonance state in which the direction of the current flowing through the power feeding resonator 22 and the direction of the current flowing through the power receiving resonator 32 are opposite to each other is referred to as an anti-phase resonance mode.
- the magnetic field generated on the outer peripheral side of the power feeding resonator 22 and the magnetic field generated on the outer peripheral side of the power receiving resonator 32 cancel each other.
- the influence of the magnetic field on the outer peripheral side of the resonator 32 is reduced, so that the magnetic field strength other than the outer peripheral side of the power feeding resonator 22 and the power receiving resonator 32 (for example, the magnetic field on the inner peripheral side of the power feeding resonator 22 and the power receiving resonator 32).
- a magnetic field space G2 having a magnetic field strength smaller than (strength) can be formed.
- a resonance state in which the direction of the current flowing through the power feeding resonator 22 and the direction of the current flowing through the power receiving resonator 32 are the same is referred to as an in-phase resonance mode.
- a lithium ion secondary battery 9 is used as one of the power-supplied devices 10 to which power is supplied. And generally, in order to charge the lithium ion secondary battery 9, the constant current constant voltage charging system is used.
- charging with a constant current is performed for a while after starting charging.
- CC Constant Current
- the voltage (V ch ) rises to a predetermined upper limit voltage (4.2 V in this embodiment) while charging with a constant current is being performed.
- CV constant voltage
- the current value (I ch ) is attenuated, and charging is completed after a predetermined current value or a predetermined time has elapsed.
- FIG. As shown in the load fluctuation characteristic of the load impedance Z L related to the stable circuit 7, the charging circuit 8, and the lithium ion secondary battery 9 constituting the powered device 10 of 8B, the stable circuit 7 constituting the powered device 10, charging When the current value (I in ) supplied to the circuit 8 and the lithium ion secondary battery 9 is attenuated, the value of the load impedance Z L is increased in constant voltage charging (CV). That is, the value of the load impedance Z L of the power-supplied device 10 (stable circuit 7, charging circuit 8, lithium ion secondary battery 9) in the present embodiment as a whole increases (load fluctuation).
- the input impedance Z in of the entire wireless power transmission device 1 including the power supplied device 10 As the value of the load impedance Z L of the power supplied device 10 increases, the input impedance Z in of the entire wireless power transmission device 1 including the power supplied device 10 also varies.
- the input impedance Z in of the entire wireless power transmission device 1 including the power-supplied device 10 will be lowered, under certain voltage
- the load impedance of the power-supplied device 10 increases, the input current of the wireless power transmission device 1 including the power-supplied device 10 increases, and consumption by the wireless power transmission device 1 including the power-supplied device 10 is increased. Electric power increases.
- the load of the power supply device 10 can be reduced according to the fluctuation. For example, if the lithium-ion secondary battery 9 is included in the power-supplied device 10, the amount of power consumed when the lithium-ion secondary battery 9 is charged can be reduced.
- a driving device that moves while consuming power directly to the power-supplied device 10 is employed (for example, a device that directly drives the device with supplied power without using a secondary battery), the load on the driving device increases. In this case, the power consumption of the driving device can be reduced accordingly.
- the feed resonator 22 In the power receiving resonator 32 in order in response to an increase in the value of the load impedance Z L of the power feeding device 10, raising the input impedance Z in of the entire wireless power transmission device 1 including the power-supplied device 10, the feed resonator 22 In the power receiving resonator 32, the value of the transmission characteristic “S21” with respect to the power frequency of the power has two peak bands, and the power frequency of the power supplied to the power supply module 2 is the two peaks of the transmission characteristic “S21”.
- the value of the impedance Z in is, are set to have two peaks band.
- the value of the input impedance Z in of the wireless power transmission device 1 including the power-supplied device 10 with respect to at least the power source frequency is two peak bands.
- the element values of the plurality of circuit elements constituting the power supply module 2 and the power reception module 3 are used as parameters, and the parameters are changed.
- the resistance value, inductance, capacitor capacity, coupling coefficients k 12 , k 23 , k 34, etc. at R 4 and L 4 of the RL circuit of the power receiving coil 31 are parameters that can be changed at the design / manufacturing stage.
- the capacitor capacity of each RLC circuit is a parameter that can be changed in the design / manufacturing stage.
- a method of changing the capacity of each element (resistor, capacitor, coil) such as the coil 21, the power feeding resonator 22, the power receiving resonator 32, and the power receiving coil 31, and AC power supplied to the power feeding module 2
- the relationship between the distance between the coils and the coupling coefficient k reduces (shortens) the distance between the coils. And the value of the coupling coefficient k tends to increase.
- the distance d12 between the power feeding coil 21 and the power feeding resonator 22, the distance d23 between the power feeding resonator 22 and the power receiving resonator 32, and the power receiving resonator When this is applied to the wireless power transmission device 1 according to the present embodiment, the distance d12 between the power feeding coil 21 and the power feeding resonator 22, the distance d23 between the power feeding resonator 22 and the power receiving resonator 32, and the power receiving resonator.
- the coupling coefficient k 12 between the feeding coil 21 (coil L 1 ) and the feeding resonator 22 (coil L 2 ) By stretching the coupling coefficient k 12 between the feeding coil 21 (coil L 1 ) and the feeding resonator 22 (coil L 2 ), the feeding resonator 22 (coil L 2 ) and the receiving resonator 32 (coil L 3 ). it can lower the coupling coefficient k 23, receiving resonator 32 coupling coefficient k 34 between the (coil L 3) and the power receiving coil 31 (coil L 4) between the.
- the coupling coefficients k 12 and k 34 are changed by changing the distance d12 between the power feeding coil 21 and the power feeding resonator 22 and the distance d34 between the power receiving resonator 32 and the power receiving coil 31. to, to the power line frequency, whether the input impedance Z in of the entire wireless power transmission device 1 including the power-supplied device 10 indicates what value, in examples 1 to 4 and Comparative examples in which different conditions described To do.
- the wireless power transmission device 1 is connected to an impedance analyzer (in this embodiment, E5061B manufactured by Agilent Technology Co., Ltd.), and the power-supplied device 10 for the power supply frequency is included. measuring the value of the input impedance Z in.
- measurement is performed by connecting a variable resistor (R L ) instead of the power-supplied device 10 (the ballast circuit 7, the charging circuit 8, and the lithium ion secondary battery 9).
- variable resistor (R L ) the value of the variable resistor (R L ) to three values of 50 ⁇ , 100 ⁇ , and 200 ⁇ , the phenomenon in which the value of the load impedance Z L of the power-supplied device 10 fluctuates is reproduced in a pseudo manner. is doing.
- the feeding coil 21 is an RL circuit including the resistor R 1 and the coil L 1 , and the coil L 1 portion is A copper wire (with an insulating coating) having a wire diameter of 1 mm ⁇ is wound once and set to a coil diameter of 100 mm ⁇ (no resonance).
- the power receiving coil 31 is an RL circuit having the resistor R 4 and the coil L 4 as elements, and the coil L 4 portion is made of a copper wire material (with an insulating coating) having a wire diameter of 1 mm ⁇ once, similarly to the power feeding coil 21.
- the coil diameter is set to 100 mm ⁇ (no resonance).
- the feeding resonator 22 is an RLC circuit including a resistor R 2 , a coil L 2 , and a capacitor C 2 , and the coil L 2 portion is made of 2 copper wire (with an insulating film) having a wire diameter of 1 mm ⁇ .
- the power receiving resonator 32 is an RLC circuit including a resistor R 3 , a coil L 3 , and a capacitor C 3 , and the coil L 3 portion is wound twice with a copper wire (with an insulating coating) having a wire diameter of 1 mm ⁇ .
- the resonance frequency in the power feeding resonator 22 and the power receiving resonator 32 is 12.63 MHz. Also, assuming that the distance d23 between the power supply resonator 22 and the power reception resonator 32 is 120 mm, the value of the transmission characteristic “S21” with respect to the power frequency of the power in the power supply resonator 22 and the power reception resonator 32 is on the low frequency side.
- the peak band (f (Low P)) formed and the peak band (f (High P)) formed on the high frequency side are set to have two peak bands (FIGS. 10A and 11A). (See the solid line 150 in FIGS. 12A, 13A, and 14A).
- the distance d12 between the power feeding coil 21 and the power feeding resonator 22 and the distance d34 between the power receiving resonator 32 and the power receiving coil 31 are adjusted according to the measurement conditions.
- Example 1 In Example 1, the distance d12 between the power feeding coil 21 and the power feeding resonator 22 is set to 40 mm, the distance d34 between the power receiving resonator 32 and the power receiving coil 31 is set to 40 mm, and then the variable resistor (R L The value of the input impedance Z in of the wireless power transmission device 1 including the variable resistance (corresponding to the power-supplied device 10) with respect to the power supply frequency when the value of) is changed to three values of 50 ⁇ , 100 ⁇ , and 200 ⁇ was measured. (See FIG. 10B).
- the measured value is set to the resonance frequency f0 (common mode resonance mode: 12.53 MHz).
- the measured values in the case of (resonant frequency 12.63 MHz) and the peak value (f (High P)) on the high frequency side (reverse phase resonance mode: 12.73 MHz) are set. Show.
- Example 1 as shown in FIG. 10A, the value of the transmission characteristic “S21” with respect to the power frequency of the power (solid line 150) in the power supply resonator 22 and the power reception resonator 32, the power supply coil 21, and the power supply resonance.
- the value of the transmission characteristic “S21” (solid line 151) in the receiver 22, the power receiving resonator 32, and the power receiving coil 31 is also measured. The measurement results are shown in FIG. 10A.
- the power supply frequency is set to the low frequency side peak band (f (Low P)
- the load in the power-supplied device 10 is set to three values of 50 ⁇ , 100 ⁇ , and 200 ⁇ , and the load impedance Z L of the power-supplied device 10 varies between 50 ⁇ and 200 ⁇ . It is simulated. At 200 ⁇ the highest value of this load variation, the value of the input impedance Z in of the wireless power transmission device 1 including the power feeding device 10 with respect to the power supply frequency, the has two peaks band (FIG 10B Power (Refer to the 200 ⁇ graph in the section of input impedance against frequency.)
- the load is 50 ⁇
- the value of the input impedance Z in of the wireless power transmission device 1 including the power-supplied device 10 with respect to the power supply frequency has two peak bands (see FIG. 10B).
- Example 2 In Example 2, the distance d12 between the power feeding coil 21 and the power feeding resonator 22 is set to 30 mm, the distance d34 between the power receiving resonator 32 and the power receiving coil 31 is set to 30 mm, and then the variable resistor (R L The value of the input impedance Z in of the wireless power transmission device 1 including the variable resistance (corresponding to the power-supplied device 10) with respect to the power supply frequency when the value of) is changed to three values of 50 ⁇ , 100 ⁇ , and 200 ⁇ was measured. (See FIG. 11B).
- the measured value is set to the resonance frequency f0 (common mode resonance mode: 12.53 MHz).
- Measured values (resonant frequency 12.63 MHz), peak values (f (High P)) on the high frequency side (reverse phase resonance mode: 12.73 MHz) measured values are summarized in the table of FIG. 11C. Show.
- Example 2 as shown in FIG. 11A, the value of the transmission characteristic “S21” with respect to the power frequency of the power (solid line 150) in the power feeding resonator 22 and the power receiving resonator 32, the power feeding coil 21, and the power feeding resonance.
- the value of the transmission characteristic “S21” (solid line 152) in the receiver 22, the power receiving resonator 32, and the power receiving coil 31 is also measured. The measurement results are shown in FIG. 11A.
- the power supply frequency is set to the low frequency side peak band (f (Low P)
- the input impedance Z in 57.5 ⁇
- the input impedance Z in 60.4 ⁇
- the input of the entire wireless power transmission device 1 according to the increase in the load R L it can be said that the impedance Z in is increased. Therefore, when the power supply frequency is set to the low frequency side peak band (f (Low P)), the input current of the wireless power transmission device 1 including the power-supplied device 10 is reduced as the load RL increases. It can be seen that power consumption in the wireless power transmission device 1 including the power-supplied device 10 can be reduced.
- the load in the power-supplied device 10 is set to three values of 50 ⁇ , 100 ⁇ , and 200 ⁇ , and the load impedance Z L of the power-supplied device 10 varies between 50 ⁇ and 200 ⁇ . It is simulated. At 200 ⁇ the highest value of this load variation, the value of the input impedance Z in of the wireless power transmission device 1 including the power feeding device 10 with respect to the power supply frequency, the has two peaks band (FIG 11B Power (Refer to the 200 ⁇ graph in the section of input impedance against frequency.)
- the load is 50 ⁇
- Even when the resistance is set to 100 ⁇ the value of the input impedance Z in of the wireless power transmission device 1 including the power-supplied device 10 with respect to the power supply frequency has two peak bands (see FIG. 11B).
- Example 3 In the third embodiment, the distance d12 between the power feeding coil 21 and the power feeding resonator 22 is set to 20 mm, the distance d34 between the power receiving resonator 32 and the power receiving coil 31 is set to 20 mm, and then the variable resistor (R L The value of the input impedance Z in of the wireless power transmission device 1 including the variable resistance (corresponding to the power-supplied device 10) with respect to the power supply frequency when the value of) is changed to three values of 50 ⁇ , 100 ⁇ , and 200 ⁇ was measured. (See FIG. 12B).
- the measured value is set to the resonance frequency f0 (common mode resonance mode: 12.53 MHz).
- the measured values in the case of (resonant frequency 12.63 MHz) and the peak value (f (High P)) on the high frequency side are set. Show.
- Example 3 as shown in FIG. 12A, the value of the transmission characteristic “S21” with respect to the power frequency of the power (solid line 150), the feeding coil 21, and the feeding resonance in the feeding resonator 22 and the receiving resonator 32.
- the value (solid line 153) of the transmission characteristic “S21” in the receiver 22, the power receiving resonator 32, and the power receiving coil 31 is also measured. The measurement results are shown in FIG. 12A.
- the power supply frequency is set to the low frequency side peak band (f (Low P)
- the input impedance Z in 77.7 ⁇
- the input impedance Z in 84.1 ⁇
- the input of the entire wireless power transmission device 1 according to the increase in the load R L it can be said that the impedance Z in is increased. Therefore, when the power supply frequency is set to the low frequency side peak band (f (Low P)), the input current of the wireless power transmission device 1 including the power-supplied device 10 is reduced as the load RL increases. It can be seen that power consumption in the wireless power transmission device 1 including the power-supplied device 10 can be reduced.
- the load in the power-supplied device 10 is set to three values of 50 ⁇ , 100 ⁇ , and 200 ⁇ , and the load impedance Z L value of the power-supplied device 10 varies between 50 ⁇ and 200 ⁇ . It is simulated.
- the value of the input impedance Z in of the wireless power transmission device 1 including the power feeding device 10 with respect to the power supply frequency the has two peaks band (FIG 12B Power (Refer to the 200 ⁇ graph in the section of input impedance against frequency.)
- FIG. 12B Power Refer to the 200 ⁇ graph in the section of input impedance against frequency.
- the value of the input impedance Z in of the wireless power transmission device 1 including the power feeding device 10 with respect to the power supply frequency has two peaks band (see FIG. 12B).
- the load is 50 ⁇
- the value of the input impedance Z in of the wireless power transmission device 1 including the power-supplied device 10 with respect to the power supply frequency has only one peak band (see FIG. 12B).
- Example 4 In Example 4, the distance d12 between the power feeding coil 21 and the power feeding resonator 22 is set to 10 mm, the distance d34 between the power receiving resonator 32 and the power receiving coil 31 is set to 10 mm, and then the variable resistor (R L The value of the input impedance Z in of the wireless power transmission device 1 including the variable resistance (corresponding to the power-supplied device 10) with respect to the power supply frequency when the value of) is changed to three values of 50 ⁇ , 100 ⁇ , and 200 ⁇ was measured. (See FIG. 13B).
- the measured value is set to the resonance frequency f0 (common mode resonance mode: 12.53 MHz).
- the measured values in the case of (resonant frequency 12.63 MHz) and the peak values (f (High P)) on the high frequency side are set. Show.
- Example 4 as shown in FIG.
- the input impedance Z in 149.5 ⁇
- the input impedance Z in of the entire wireless power transmission device 1 decreases as the load R L increases. I can say that. Therefore, when the power supply frequency is set to the resonance frequency f0, the input current of the wireless power transmission device 1 including the power-supplied device 10 increases as the load R L increases. It can be seen that the power consumption of the wireless power transmission device 1 increases.
- the power supply frequency is set to the low frequency side peak band (f (Low P)
- Input impedance Z in 146.5 ⁇
- R L 200 ⁇
- the input impedance Z in 156.4 ⁇
- the input of the entire wireless power transmission device 1 according to the increase in load R L it can be said that the impedance Z in is increased. Therefore, when the power supply frequency is set to the low frequency side peak band (f (Low P)), the input current of the wireless power transmission device 1 including the power-supplied device 10 is reduced as the load RL increases. It can be seen that power consumption in the wireless power transmission device 1 including the power-supplied device 10 can be reduced.
- the load on the power-supplied device 10 is set to three values of 50 ⁇ , 100 ⁇ , and 200 ⁇ , and the load impedance Z L of the power-supplied device 10 varies between 50 ⁇ and 200 ⁇ . It is simulated. At 200 ⁇ the highest value of this load variation, the value of the input impedance Z in of the wireless power transmission device 1 including the power feeding device 10 with respect to the power supply frequency, the has two peaks band (FIG 13B Power (Refer to the 200 ⁇ graph in the section of input impedance against frequency.)
- the load is 50 ⁇ , when you 100 ⁇ , the value of the input impedance Z in of the wireless power transmission device 1 including the power feeding device 10 for the supply frequency has only one peak bandwidth (see FIG. 13B).
- the distance d12 between the power feeding coil 21 and the power feeding resonator 22 is set to 5 mm
- the distance d34 between the power receiving resonator 32 and the power receiving coil 31 is set to 5 mm
- the variable resistor (R L ) the value 50 [Omega, measured 100 [Omega, in case of changing the three values of 200 [Omega, the value of the input impedance Z in of the wireless power transmission apparatus 1 including a variable resistor (corresponding to the power-supplied device 10) with respect to the power supply frequency (See FIG. 14B).
- the measured value is set to the resonance frequency f0 (common mode resonance mode: 12.53 MHz).
- the measured values in the case (resonant frequency 12.63 MHz) and the peak value (f (High P)) on the high frequency side (reverse phase resonance mode: 12.73 MHz) are set. Show.
- the value of the transmission characteristic “S21” with respect to the power frequency of the power (solid line 150) in the power feeding resonator 22 and the power receiving resonator 32, the power feeding coil 21, and the power feeding resonator. 22, the value of the transmission characteristic “S21” (solid line 155) in the power receiving resonator 32 and the power receiving coil 31 are also measured. The measurement results are shown in FIG. 14A.
- the load on the power-supplied device 10 is set to three values of 50 ⁇ , 100 ⁇ , and 200 ⁇ , and the phenomenon that the load fluctuation of the load impedance Z L of the power-supplied device 10 is between 50 ⁇ and 200 ⁇ is simulated. Has been reproduced.
- the value of the input impedance Z in of the wireless power transmission device 1 including the power feeding device 10 to the supply frequency, one peak band only has (Power Figure 14B (Refer to the 200 ⁇ graph in the section of input impedance against frequency.)
- 50 [Omega load even when the 100 [Omega, the value of the input impedance Z in of the wireless power transmission device 1 including the power feeding device 10 for the supply frequency has only one peak band (Fig. 14B).
- the value of the transmission characteristic “S21” with respect to the power frequency of the power in the power feeding resonator 22 and the power receiving resonator 32 has two peak bands, Set the power frequency of the power supplied to the power supply module 2 to the power frequency band corresponding to one of the two peak bands of the transmission characteristic “S21” (set to f (High P) or f (Low P)) ),
- the value of the input impedance Z in of the wireless power transmission device 1 including the power-supplied device 10 with respect to the power source frequency is 2 at the maximum value of the load fluctuation range in the power-supplied device 10 (200 ⁇ in Examples 1 to 4).
- the power frequency to the resonance frequency f0 according to an increase of the load R L, the input impedance Z in of the entire wireless power transmission device 1 is lowered, the power supply The input current of the wireless power transmission device 1 including the device 10 increases, and the power consumption in the wireless power transmission device 1 including the power-supplied device 10 increases.
- the power frequency of the power supplied to the power supply module 2 is set to the power frequency band (f (High P) or f (Low P)) corresponding to one of the two peak bands of the transmission characteristic “S21”. It turns out that it is necessary to set.
- the value of the transmission characteristic “S21” can be set so as to have two peak bands, and the value of the input impedance Z in of the wireless power transmission device 1 can have two peak bands.
- the power supply module 2 and, by changing the value of the coupling coefficient k 12, k 23, k 34 between the coils included in the power receiving module 3, the feeding resonator 22 and the power-receiving resonator 32,
- the value of the transmission characteristic “S21” with respect to the power frequency of power has two peak bands
- the value of the input impedance Z in of the wireless power transmission device 1 with respect to the power frequency of power has two peak bands.
- the power supply module 2, and the value of the coupling coefficient k 12, k 23, k 34 between the coils included in the power receiving module 3 can be adjusted by changing the distance between the coils .
- adjustment can be performed by a simple design in which the distance between the coils is physically changed.
- the power supply frequency of the power supplied to the power supply module 2 corresponds to the peak band (f (High) P)) formed on the high frequency side among the two peak bands of the transmission characteristic “S21”.
- the frequency band By setting the frequency band, it is possible to form a magnetic field space G1 having a magnetic field strength smaller than the magnetic field strength in the vicinity between the power feeding resonator 22 and the power receiving resonator 32.
- the power frequency of the power supplied to the power supply module 2 corresponds to the peak band (f (Low P)) formed on the low frequency side of the two peak bands of the transmission characteristic “S21”.
- Design process which is one process for manufacturing the wireless power transmission device 1
- a wireless headset 102 and a charger 101 will be described as examples of portable devices on which the wireless power transmission device 1 is mounted (see FIG. 1).
- the amount of power received by the power receiving module 3 is determined from the capacity of the lithium ion secondary battery 9 and the charging current required for charging the lithium ion secondary battery 9 (S1). ).
- the distance between the power supply module 2 and the power reception module 3 is determined (S2).
- the distance d23 between the power feeding resonator 22 and the power receiving resonator 32 is determined in consideration of the shapes and structures of the wireless headset 102 and the charger 101.
- the coil diameters of the power receiving coil 31 and the power receiving resonator 32 in the power receiving module 3 are determined (S3).
- the coil diameters of the feeding coil 21 and the feeding resonator 22 in the feeding module 2 are determined (S4).
- the minimum necessary amount of power supplied to the power supply module 2 is determined ( S5).
- the wireless power transmission device including the power-supplied device 10 for at least the power frequency of the power at the highest value of the assumed load fluctuation range of the stable circuit 7, the charging circuit 8, and the lithium ion secondary battery 9 that are the power-supplied devices 10
- a design value in which the value of the input impedance Zin of 1 has two peak bands is determined (S7).
- two peaks band value of the input impedance Z in of the wireless power transmission device 1 including the power feeding device 10 to the power line frequency By designing in this way, the input impedance Z in of the wireless power transmission device 1 including the power-supplied device 10 with respect to the power supply frequency of the power in the entire load variation range (or a certain range) assumed in the power-supplied device 10 Compared with the case where the value is designed to have two peak bands, the degree of freedom in design is realized.
- parameters relating to the power feeding coil 21 and the power feeding resonator 22, and the power receiving resonator 32 and the power receiving coil 31 are determined so as to satisfy the design values determined in S5 and S7 (S8).
- parameters relating to the power feeding coil 21 and the power feeding resonator 22, and the power receiving resonator 32 and the power receiving coil 31 include R 1 and L 1 of the RL circuit of the power feeding coil 21, and R 2 of the RLC circuit of the power feeding resonator 22.
- the capacitor capacity of each RLC circuit is a parameter that can be changed in the design / manufacturing stage.
- the wireless headset 102 has been described as an example. However, as long as the load fluctuates, the tablet PC, digital camera, mobile phone, earphone music player, hearing aid, sound collector, etc. Can also be used.
- the wireless power transmission device 1 that performs power transmission by coupling a magnetic field using a resonance phenomenon (magnetic field resonance state) between resonators (coils) included in the power supply module 2 and the power reception module 3 is illustrated.
- the present invention is also applicable to the wireless power transmission apparatus 1 that performs power transmission using electromagnetic induction between coils.
- the wireless power transmission device 1 is mounted on a portable electronic device.
- the usage is not limited to these small devices, and the specification is changed according to the required power amount.
- it can be mounted on a wireless charging system in a relatively large electric vehicle (EV), a smaller medical wireless gastrocamera, or the like.
- EV electric vehicle
- a smaller medical wireless gastrocamera or the like.
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Abstract
Description
前記給電共振器及び前記受電共振器における、電力の電源周波数に対する伝送特性の値が、二つのピーク帯域を有し、前記給電モジュールに供給する電力の電源周波数を、前記伝送特性の二つのピーク帯域の何れかに対応する電源周波数帯域に設定し、
前記被給電機器における負荷変動範囲の最高値において、少なくとも前記電力の電源周波数に対する前記被給電機器を含む前記無線電力伝送装置の入力インピーダンスの値が、二つのピーク帯域を有するように設定したことを特徴としている。
前記給電モジュール及び前記受電モジュールを構成する複数の回路素子の各素子値をパラメータとして、当該パラメータをそれぞれ変えることにより、前記給電共振器及び前記受電共振器における、電力の電源周波数に対する伝送特性の値が、二つのピーク帯域を有し、且つ、前記電力の電源周波数に対する前記被給電機器を含む前記無線電力伝送装置の入力インピーダンスの値が、二つのピーク帯域を有するように設定したことを特徴としている。
前記給電モジュール、及び、前記受電モジュールが有するコイル間における結合係数の値を調整することにより、前記給電共振器及び前記受電共振器における、電力の電源周波数に対する伝送特性の値が、二つのピーク帯域を有し、且つ、前記電力の電源周波数に対する前記被給電機器を含む前記無線電力伝送装置の入力インピーダンスの値が、二つのピーク帯域を有するように設定したことを特徴としている。
前記給電共振器及び前記受電共振器における、電力の電源周波数に対する伝送特性の値が、二つのピーク帯域を有するように設定する工程と、
前記被給電機器における負荷変動範囲の最高値において、少なくとも前記電力の電源周波数に対する前記被給電機器を含む前記無線電力伝送装置の入力インピーダンスの値が、二つのピーク帯域を有するように設定する工程と、を含むことを特徴としている。
以下に本発明に係る無線電力伝送装置、及び、無線電力伝送装置の製造方法の実施形態について説明する。
充電器101は、図1に示すように、給電コイル21及び給電共振器22を有した給電モジュール2を備えている。また、無線式ヘッドセット102は、イヤホンスピーカ部102a、受電コイル31及び受電共振器32を有した受電モジュール3を備えている。そして、給電モジュール2の給電コイル21には、給電モジュール2に供給する電力の電源周波数を所定の値に設定した、発振回路を備えた交流電源6が接続されている。また、受電モジュール3の受電コイル31には、受電された交流電力を整流化する安定回路7及び過充電を防止する充電回路8を介してリチウムイオン二次電池9が接続されている。そして、安定回路7、充電回路8及びリチウムイオン二次電池9は、受電共振器32の内周側に位置するように配置されている(なお、図面では、説明の都合上、安定回路7、充電回路8及びリチウムイオン二次電池9を受電共振器32の外に図示している)。詳細は後述するが、これら安定回路7、充電回路8及びリチウムイオン二次電池9が配置された、受電共振器32の内周側には、充電時に、周辺の磁界強度よりも小さな磁界強度を有する磁界空間G1が形成される。なお、本実施形態における安定回路7、充電回路8、及び、リチウムイオン二次電池9は、図1及び図2に示すように、最終的な電力の給電先となる被給電機器10であり、被給電機器10は、受電モジュール3に接続された電力の給電先の機器全体の総称である。
本実施形態の無線電力伝送装置1では、給電モジュール2及び受電モジュール3の内部・周辺に発生する磁界の強度を抑制するために、磁界強度を弱めた磁界空間G1又は磁界空間G2を形成する。具体的には、図1~図5に示すように、給電モジュール2の給電共振器22から受電モジュール3の受電共振器32に共振現象を利用した電力供給をする際に、給電共振器22及び受電共振器32の近辺に、周辺の磁界強度よりも小さな磁界強度を有する磁界空間G1又は磁界空間G2を形成する。
ここでは、リチウムイオン二次電池を例に、リチウムイオン二次電池の負荷変動に伴う無線電力伝送装置1の負荷変動がどのような影響を与えるかを簡単に説明する。
次に、給電コイル21と給電共振器22との間の距離d12、及び、受電共振器32と受電コイル31との間の距離d34を変えて、結合係数k12、k34を変化させた場合に、電力の電源周波数に対する、被給電機器10を含めた無線電力伝送装置1全体の入力インピーダンスZinがどのような値を示すかを、条件を変えた実施例1~4及び比較例により説明する。
実施例1では、給電コイル21と給電共振器22との間の距離d12を40mm、受電共振器32と受電コイル31との間の距離d34を40mmに設定したうえで、可変抵抗器(RL)の値を50Ω、100Ω、200Ωの3つの値に変えた場合における、電源周波数に対する可変抵抗(被給電機器10に相当)を含めた無線電力伝送装置1の入力インピーダンスZinの値を測定した(図10B参照)。また、給電モジュール2に供給する交流電力の電源周波数を、低周波側のピーク帯域(f(Low P))に設定した場合(同相共振モード:12.53MHz)の測定値、共振周波数f0に設定した場合(共振周波数12.63MHz)の測定値、高周波数側のピーク帯域(f(High P))に設定した場合(逆相共振モード:12.73MHz)の測定値を図10Cの表にまとめて示す。なお、実施例1では、図10Aに示すように、給電共振器22及び受電共振器32における、電力の電源周波数に対する伝送特性『S21』の値(実線150)、及び、給電コイル21、給電共振器22及び受電共振器32、受電コイル31における伝送特性『S21』の値(実線151)も測定している。その測定結果を図10Aに示す。
実施例2では、給電コイル21と給電共振器22との間の距離d12を30mm、受電共振器32と受電コイル31との間の距離d34を30mmに設定したうえで、可変抵抗器(RL)の値を50Ω、100Ω、200Ωの3つの値に変えた場合における、電源周波数に対する可変抵抗(被給電機器10に相当)を含めた無線電力伝送装置1の入力インピーダンスZinの値を測定した(図11B参照)。また、給電モジュール2に供給する交流電力の電源周波数を、低周波側のピーク帯域(f(Low P))に設定した場合(同相共振モード:12.53MHz)の測定値、共振周波数f0に設定した場合(共振周波数12.63MHz)の測定値、高周波数側のピーク帯域(f(High P))に設定した場合(逆相共振モード:12.73MHz)の測定値を図11Cの表にまとめて示す。なお、実施例2では、図11Aに示すように、給電共振器22及び受電共振器32における、電力の電源周波数に対する伝送特性『S21』の値(実線150)、及び、給電コイル21、給電共振器22及び受電共振器32、受電コイル31における伝送特性『S21』の値(実線152)も測定している。その測定結果を図11Aに示す。
実施例3では、給電コイル21と給電共振器22との間の距離d12を20mm、受電共振器32と受電コイル31との間の距離d34を20mmに設定したうえで、可変抵抗器(RL)の値を50Ω、100Ω、200Ωの3つの値に変えた場合における、電源周波数に対する可変抵抗(被給電機器10に相当)を含めた無線電力伝送装置1の入力インピーダンスZinの値を測定した(図12B参照)。また、給電モジュール2に供給する交流電力の電源周波数を、低周波側のピーク帯域(f(Low P))に設定した場合(同相共振モード:12.53MHz)の測定値、共振周波数f0に設定した場合(共振周波数12.63MHz)の測定値、高周波数側のピーク帯域(f(High P))に設定した場合(逆相共振モード:12.73MHz)の測定値を図12Cの表にまとめて示す。なお、実施例3では、図12Aに示すように、給電共振器22及び受電共振器32における、電力の電源周波数に対する伝送特性『S21』の値(実線150)、及び、給電コイル21、給電共振器22及び受電共振器32、受電コイル31における伝送特性『S21』の値(実線153)も測定している。その測定結果を図12Aに示す。
実施例4では、給電コイル21と給電共振器22との間の距離d12を10mm、受電共振器32と受電コイル31との間の距離d34を10mmに設定したうえで、可変抵抗器(RL)の値を50Ω、100Ω、200Ωの3つの値に変えた場合における、電源周波数に対する可変抵抗(被給電機器10に相当)を含めた無線電力伝送装置1の入力インピーダンスZinの値を測定した(図13B参照)。また、給電モジュール2に供給する交流電力の電源周波数を、低周波側のピーク帯域(f(Low P))に設定した場合(同相共振モード:12.53MHz)の測定値、共振周波数f0に設定した場合(共振周波数12.63MHz)の測定値、高周波数側のピーク帯域(f(High P))に設定した場合(逆相共振モード:12.73MHz)の測定値を図13Cの表にまとめて示す。なお、実施例4では、図13Aに示すように、給電共振器22及び受電共振器32における、電力の電源周波数に対する伝送特性『S21』の値(実線150)、及び、給電コイル21、給電共振器22及び受電共振器32、受電コイル31における伝送特性『S21』の値(実線154)も測定している。その測定結果を図13Aに示す。
比較例では、給電コイル21と給電共振器22との間の距離d12を5mm、受電共振器32と受電コイル31との間の距離d34を5mmに設定したうえで、可変抵抗器(RL)の値を50Ω、100Ω、200Ωの3つの値に変えた場合における、電源周波数に対する可変抵抗(被給電機器10に相当)を含めた無線電力伝送装置1の入力インピーダンスZinの値を測定した(図14B参照)。また、給電モジュール2に供給する交流電力の電源周波数を、低周波側のピーク帯域(f(Low P))に設定した場合(同相共振モード:12.53MHz)の測定値、共振周波数f0に設定した場合(共振周波数12.63MHz)の測定値、高周波数側のピーク帯域(f(High P))に設定した場合(逆相共振モード:12.73MHz)の測定値を図14Cの表にまとめて示す。なお、比較例では、図14Aに示すように、給電共振器22及び受電共振器32における、電力の電源周波数に対する伝送特性『S21』の値(実線150)、及び、給電コイル21、給電共振器22及び受電共振器32、受電コイル31における伝送特性『S21』の値(実線155)も測定している。その測定結果を図14Aに示す。
上記構成によれば、被給電機器10の負荷が変動したときに、被給電機器10の負荷の変動傾向に合わせて、被給電機器10を含む無線電力伝送装置1全体の入力インピーダンスZinの値を変動させることができる。例えば、被給電機器10の負荷が上昇した場合、被給電機器10を含む無線電力伝送装置1全体の入力インピーダンスZinの値を上昇させることができる。これにより、被給電機器10の負荷が上昇した場合、被給電機器10を含めた無線電力伝送装置1の入力電流を小さくすることができ、被給電機器10の負荷が上昇した際における消費電力を低減させることができる。
次に、無線電力伝送装置1を製造する一工程である、設計方法(設計工程)について、図1及び図15を参照して説明する。本説明では、無線電力伝送装置1を搭載する携帯機器として無線式ヘッドセット102、及び、充電器101を例にして説明する(図1参照)。
まず、図15に示すように、リチウムイオン二次電池9の容量、及び、リチウムイオン二次電池9の充電に必要とされる充電電流から、受電モジュール3が受電する受電電力量が決まる(S1)。
上記製造方法の説明では、無線式ヘッドセット102を例示して説明したが、負荷変動する機器であれば、タブレット型PC、デジタルカメラ、携帯電話、イヤホン型音楽プレイヤー、補聴器、集音器などにも使用することができる。
2 給電モジュール
3 受電モジュール
6 交流電源
7 安定回路
8 充電回路
9 リチウムイオン二次電池
10 被給電機器
21 給電コイル
22 給電共振器
31 受電コイル
32 受電共振器
101 充電器
102 無線式ヘッドセット
G1・G2 磁界空間
Claims (7)
- 少なくとも給電共振器を備えた給電モジュールから、負荷変動する被給電機器が接続された、少なくとも受電共振器を備えた受電モジュールに対して磁界を変化させて電力を供給する無線電力伝送装置であって、
前記給電共振器及び前記受電共振器における、電力の電源周波数に対する伝送特性の値が、二つのピーク帯域を有し、前記給電モジュールに供給する電力の電源周波数を、前記伝送特性の二つのピーク帯域の何れかに対応する電源周波数帯域に設定し、
前記被給電機器における負荷変動範囲の最高値において、少なくとも前記電力の電源周波数に対する前記被給電機器を含む前記無線電力伝送装置の入力インピーダンスの値が、二つのピーク帯域を有するように設定したことを特徴とする無線電力伝送装置。 - 前記給電モジュール及び前記受電モジュールを構成する複数の回路素子の各素子値をパラメータとして、当該パラメータをそれぞれ変えることにより、前記給電共振器及び前記受電共振器における、電力の電源周波数に対する伝送特性の値が、二つのピーク帯域を有し、且つ、前記電力の電源周波数に対する前記被給電機器を含む前記無線電力伝送装置の入力インピーダンスの値が、二つのピーク帯域を有するように設定したことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の無線電力伝送装置。
- 前記給電モジュール、及び、前記受電モジュールが有するコイル間における結合係数の値を調整することにより、前記給電共振器及び前記受電共振器における、電力の電源周波数に対する伝送特性の値が、二つのピーク帯域を有し、且つ、前記電力の電源周波数に対する前記被給電機器を含む前記無線電力伝送装置の入力インピーダンスの値が、二つのピーク帯域を有するように設定したことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の無線電力伝送装置。
- 前記給電モジュール、及び、前記受電モジュールが有するコイル間における結合係数の値は、前記コイル間の距離を変化させることにより調整されることを特徴とする請求項3に記載の無線電力伝送装置。
- 前記給電モジュールに供給する電力の電源周波数を、前記伝送特性の二つのピーク帯域のうち高周波側に形成されるピーク帯域に対応する周波数帯域に設定したことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の無線電力伝送装置。
- 前記給電モジュールに供給する電力の電源周波数を、前記伝送特性の二つのピーク帯域のうち低周波側に形成されるピーク帯域に対応する周波数帯域に設定したことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の無線電力伝送装置。
- 少なくとも給電共振器を備えた給電モジュールから、負荷変動する被給電機器が接続された、少なくとも受電共振器を備えた受電モジュールに対して磁界を変化させて電力を供給する無線電力伝送装置の製造方法であって、
前記給電共振器及び前記受電共振器における、電力の電源周波数に対する伝送特性の値が、二つのピーク帯域を有するように設定する工程と、
前記被給電機器における負荷変動範囲の最高値において、少なくとも前記電力の電源周波数に対する前記被給電機器を含む前記無線電力伝送装置の入力インピーダンスの値が、二つのピーク帯域を有するように設定する工程と、を含むことを特徴とする無線電力伝送装置の製造方法。
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EP3096438A4 (en) | 2017-09-13 |
CN105917551A (zh) | 2016-08-31 |
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US20160336806A1 (en) | 2016-11-17 |
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KR20160106077A (ko) | 2016-09-09 |
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