WO2015101136A1 - 一种用于聚合物的添加剂及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种用于聚合物的添加剂及其制备方法 Download PDF

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WO2015101136A1
WO2015101136A1 PCT/CN2014/093206 CN2014093206W WO2015101136A1 WO 2015101136 A1 WO2015101136 A1 WO 2015101136A1 CN 2014093206 W CN2014093206 W CN 2014093206W WO 2015101136 A1 WO2015101136 A1 WO 2015101136A1
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additive
chlorine
polymer
chloride
mol
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French (fr)
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李积德
夏世勇
王鹏
柴生勇
陈林
孔蕾
卢昌利
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广州金凯新材料有限公司
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Priority to KR1020167020667A priority Critical patent/KR102220285B1/ko
Priority to EP14876183.6A priority patent/EP3091023B1/en
Priority to JP2016533618A priority patent/JP2017503870A/ja
Publication of WO2015101136A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015101136A1/zh

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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07FACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
    • C07F9/00Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
    • C07F9/02Phosphorus compounds
    • C07F9/28Phosphorus compounds with one or more P—C bonds
    • C07F9/30Phosphinic acids [R2P(=O)(OH)]; Thiophosphinic acids ; [R2P(=X1)(X2H) (X1, X2 are each independently O, S or Se)]
    • C07F9/303Cycloaliphatic acids
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08KUse of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K5/00Use of organic ingredients
    • C08K5/49Phosphorus-containing compounds
    • C08K5/51Phosphorus bound to oxygen
    • C08K5/53Phosphorus bound to oxygen bound to oxygen and to carbon only
    • C08K5/5313Phosphinic compounds, e.g. R2=P(:O)OR'
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07CACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C21/00Acyclic unsaturated compounds containing halogen atoms
    • C07C21/02Acyclic unsaturated compounds containing halogen atoms containing carbon-to-carbon double bonds
    • C07C21/04Chloro-alkenes
    • C07C21/06Vinyl chloride
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07FACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
    • C07F19/00Metal compounds according to more than one of main groups C07F1/00 - C07F17/00
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    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07FACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
    • C07F9/00Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
    • C07F9/02Phosphorus compounds
    • C07F9/28Phosphorus compounds with one or more P—C bonds
    • C07F9/30Phosphinic acids [R2P(=O)(OH)]; Thiophosphinic acids ; [R2P(=X1)(X2H) (X1, X2 are each independently O, S or Se)]
    • C07F9/301Acyclic saturated acids which can have further substituents on alkyl
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08KUse of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/16Halogen-containing compounds
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08KUse of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K5/00Use of organic ingredients
    • C08K5/0008Organic ingredients according to more than one of the "one dot" groups of C08K5/01 - C08K5/59
    • C08K5/0066Flame-proofing or flame-retarding additives
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08KUse of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K5/00Use of organic ingredients
    • C08K5/0091Complexes with metal-heteroatom-bonds
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08KUse of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K5/00Use of organic ingredients
    • C08K5/02Halogenated hydrocarbons
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08KUse of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K7/00Use of ingredients characterised by shape
    • C08K7/02Fibres or whiskers
    • C08K7/04Fibres or whiskers inorganic
    • C08K7/14Glass
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08LCOMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L101/00Compositions of unspecified macromolecular compounds
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08LCOMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2201/00Properties
    • C08L2201/02Flame or fire retardant/resistant
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08LCOMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L77/00Compositions of polyamides obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic amide link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L77/02Polyamides derived from omega-amino carboxylic acids or from lactams thereof
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08LCOMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L77/00Compositions of polyamides obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic amide link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L77/06Polyamides derived from polyamines and polycarboxylic acids

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an additive for a polymer, and more particularly to a dialkyl phosphinate containing a trace amount of chlorine and a process for the preparation thereof.
  • Dialkyl phosphinates are widely used as flame retardants and are known to be synthesized by various methods.
  • the use of a metal salt of a disubstituted phosphinic acid in the use of a polyester as a flame retardant is disclosed in the patent DE 44 093 032.
  • a process for the preparation of a metal salt of a disubstituted phosphinic acid is disclosed in the publications DE 199 092 022 and US Pat.
  • 6,359,171 B1 discloses a process for preparing aluminum dialkylphosphinate, which firstly synthesizes a monoalkylphosphinic acid ester using yellow phosphorus, and then reacts with an aluminum salt after hydrolysis to obtain an acid by radical polymerization.
  • Aluminum dialkyl phosphinate flame retardant discloses a process for preparing aluminum dialkylphosphinate, which firstly synthesizes a monoalkylphosphinic acid ester using yellow phosphorus, and then reacts with an aluminum salt after hydrolysis to obtain an acid by radical polymerization.
  • Aluminum dialkyl phosphinate flame retardant is a process for preparing aluminum dialkylphosphinate, which firstly synthesizes a monoalkylphosphinic acid ester using yellow phosphorus, and then reacts with an aluminum salt after hydrolysis to obtain an acid by radical polymerization.
  • Aluminum dialkyl phosphinate flame retardant discloses a process for preparing aluminum dialkylpho
  • a dialkylphosphinate as a flame retardant in a flame retardant polymer results in a yellowish color of the flame retardant polymer.
  • the present inventors have found that when the flame retardant dialkyl phosphinate has a trace amount of chlorine in the powder, the corresponding flame retardant polymer can be more excellent in flame retardancy and mechanics. At the same time of performance, it also makes the yellowing of the flame retardant polymer extremely obvious.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide an additive for a polymer which can significantly improve the yellowing of a polymer product by adding a trace amount of chlorine element to the dialkylphosphinate, and has an efficient flame retardant. effect.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a process for preparing the above-mentioned additive for a polymer which is simple in process flow, short in reaction cycle, and high in overall yield.
  • An additive for polymers including:
  • A a dialkylphosphinate having the following structural formula (I),
  • R 1 and R 2 are the same or different and are represented by H, C1-C6 alkyl or C6-C18 aryl, preferably ethyl, propyl, butyl, hexyl or cyclohexyl;
  • M is Mg, Ca, Al, Zn, Fe; m is 2-3;
  • the chlorine element is contained in the total amount of the additive in an amount of 50 to 900 ppm, preferably 60 to 800 ppm, more preferably 70 to 450 ppm by weight, still more preferably 100 to 300 ppm by weight.
  • the chlorine element of the present invention can be obtained by adding a chlorine-containing reaction raw material, adding a chloride during the preparation process, or adding a chloride to the product.
  • the chloride is selected from the group consisting of chlorinated olefins, sodium chloride, potassium chloride, aluminum chloride, chlorine, hydrochloric acid, sodium hypochlorite, chlorine-containing coupling agents such as Y-chloropropyltrimethoxysilane coupling agent, and chlorine-containing resistance.
  • a flammable agent a chlorine-containing surfactant, or PVC.
  • the chlorinated olefin is one or more of 1-chloroethylene, 1,2-dichloroethylene, 3-chloropropene, 4-chlorobutene or chlorocyclohexene.
  • the polymer is a polyester (such as PBT, PET), nylon ((PA6, PA66, etc.), PPE, TPE, TPU or epoxy resin, preferably PBT, nylon or PPE.
  • the highly effective flame-retardant dialkylphosphinate of the present invention can be prepared by the following three methods.
  • Method 1 A method for preparing an additive for a polymer, comprising the following steps:
  • hypophosphite / hypophosphorous acid and chlorinated olefin to the solvent, and reacting with the olefin under the action of an initiator to obtain a chloride-containing dialkyl phosphinate / acid solution;
  • hypophosphite is sodium hypophosphite or potassium hypophosphite
  • the metal compound is a metal compound of Mg, Ca, Al, Zn, Fe;
  • the chlorinated olefin is one or more of 1-chloroethylene, 1,2-dichloroethylene, 3-chloropropene, 4-chlorobutene or chlorocyclohexene.
  • chlorinated olefin is added during the preparation of the dialkylphosphinate to obtain a dialkylphosphinate containing a trace amount of chlorine.
  • the synthesis of the dialkylphosphinate can be carried out by known techniques, such as the solvent being cyclohexane and/or cyclohexene; the initiator being an azo initiator, an organic peroxide initiator or an inorganic a peroxide initiator; the olefin is a mixture of one or more of ethylene, propylene, butene, isobutylene or pentene.
  • Method 2 A method for preparing an additive for a polymer, comprising the following steps:
  • dialkylphosphinate solution is reacted with an aqueous solution of the metal compound containing the additive I to obtain the corresponding dialkylphosphinate;
  • the additive I is one or more of NaCl, KCl, AlCl 3 , chlorine, hydrochloric acid, sodium hypochlorite, a chlorine-containing coupling agent or a chlorine-containing surfactant;
  • the metal compound is a metal compound of Mg, Ca, Al, Zn, or Fe.
  • the dialkylphosphinate is sodium dialkyl phosphinate or potassium dialkyl phosphinate.
  • Method 3 A method for preparing an additive for a polymer, comprising the following steps:
  • the additive II is one or more of NaCl, KCl, AlCl 3 , a chlorine-containing flame retardant, a chlorine-containing coupling agent, a chlorine-containing surfactant or PVC.
  • the invention also discloses the use of the above additive for a polymer as a flame retardant.
  • the invention also discloses a polymer material comprising the above additive, comprising 5-20 parts by weight of an additive for a polymer, 50-70 parts by weight of a polymer or a mixture thereof; wherein the additive for the polymer comprises :
  • A a dialkylphosphinate having the following structural formula (I),
  • R 1 and R 2 are the same or different and are represented by H, C1-C6 alkyl or C6-C18 aryl; M is Mg, Ca, Al, Zn, Fe; m is 2-3, preferably ethyl , propyl, butyl, hexyl or cyclohexyl.
  • the chlorine element is contained in the total amount of the additive in an amount of 50 to 900 ppm, preferably 60 to 800 ppm, more preferably 70 to 450 ppm by weight, still more preferably 100 to 300 ppm by weight.
  • the chloride is selected from the group consisting of chlorinated olefins, sodium chloride, potassium chloride, aluminum chloride, chlorine, hydrochloric acid, sodium hypochlorite, chlorine-containing coupling agents, chlorine-containing flame retardants, chlorine-containing surfactants or PVC. kind or several.
  • the chlorinated olefin is one or more of 1-chloroethylene, 1,2-dichloroethylene, 3-chloropropene, 4-chlorobutene or chlorocyclohexene.
  • the polymer is polyester (PBT, PET), nylon (PA6, PA66, etc.), PPE, TPE, TPU or epoxy resin, preferably PBT, nylon or PPE.
  • the polymer material of the present invention may be added with different auxiliary agents according to different performance requirements of the material, such as 15-30 parts by weight of glass fiber and 1-5 parts by weight of other auxiliary agents.
  • the invention has the following beneficial effects:
  • dialkyl phosphinate containing a trace amount of chlorine prepared by the present invention can be used as a flame retardant in a polymer to obtain an excellent whiteness polymer product, and the simple two is solved.
  • the alkyl phosphinate acts as a flame retardant to cause yellowing of the polymer article after modification of the polymer process.
  • dialkyl phosphinate containing a trace amount of chlorine prepared by the invention has relatively high flame retardant performance
  • the present invention can obtain a dialkyl phosphinate containing a trace amount of a chlorine element by adding a chloride during the preparation of the dialkylphosphinate or in the final product, which has a simple process and low production cost.
  • the mixture was cooled and vented to obtain 8303.0 g of a mixed solution of sodium diethylphosphinate and diethylphosphinic acid, which corresponds to an ethylene absorption of 1779.9 g (105.95% of the theoretical amount).
  • Chlorine content Not detected or less than the method detection limit.
  • Chlorine content 1158 ppm.
  • Chlorine content 53 ppm.
  • Chlorine content 85 ppm.
  • Chlorine content 103 ppm.
  • Chlorine content 452 ppm.
  • Chlorine content 679 ppm.
  • Chlorine content 885 ppm.
  • Chlorine content 74 ppm.
  • Chlorine content 55 ppm.
  • Chlorine content 93 ppm.
  • Chlorine content 74 ppm.
  • Chlorine content 873 ppm.
  • Chlorine content 329 ppm.
  • Chlorine content 522 ppm.
  • Chlorine content 669 ppm.
  • Chlorine content 98 ppm.
  • Chlorine content 105 ppm.
  • the dried aluminum diethylphosphinate powder was prepared as in Comparative Example 1, 1000 g and 1.2 g of chlorinated paraffin cp70 were taken and blended in a high-speed mixer for 20 min to obtain a flame retardant of diethyl phosphinate containing chlorine. Powder.
  • the dried aluminum diethylphosphinate powder was prepared as in Comparative Example 1, 1000 g and 1.2 g of methyl chloropalmitate were mixed and blended in a high-speed mixer for 20 min to obtain diethylphosphinic acid containing chlorine.
  • Aluminum flame retardant powder 1000 g and 1.2 g of methyl chloropalmitate were mixed and blended in a high-speed mixer for 20 min to obtain diethylphosphinic acid containing chlorine.
  • Aluminum flame retardant powder was prepared as in Comparative Example 1, 1000 g and 1.2 g of methyl chloropalmitate.
  • dialkyl phosphinates obtained in Examples 1-18 (A1-A18) and Comparative Examples 1-2 (B1-B2) were at a ratio of PBT, glass fiber, and auxiliary agent at a ratio of 9:50 at 230-260 ° C. : 30:11 mixing, extruding from a twin-screw extruder to obtain a flame-retardant thermoplastic polymer molding material, and testing its combustion performance and mechanical properties.
  • Table 1 The measured results are shown in Table 1 below:
  • dialkylphosphinic acid salt obtained in Examples 1-18 (A1-A18) and Comparative Example 1-2 (B1-B2) at a ratio of 260-280 ° C to PA66, glass fiber, and auxiliary agent was 11:52 by weight. : 30:7 mixing, extruding from a twin-screw extruder to obtain a flame-retardant thermoplastic polymer molding material, and testing its combustion performance and mechanical properties. The measured results are shown in Table 2 below:
  • Table 2 Table of combustion parameters and mechanical properties of flame retardant PA66 materials prepared by dialkyl phosphinate
  • the polymer material prepared by using the dialkyl phosphinate containing a trace amount of chlorine prepared by the present invention can significantly improve the yellowing of the polymer product, and has Excellent flame retardant properties and mechanical properties.
  • Combustion performance UL94 plastic burning performance test
  • the color test was performed on a Color-Eye-7000A colorimeter (GretagMacbeth).
  • the specific test method is:
  • the acceptable Lab values are: L: 85.50; a: 1.35; b: 5.60.
  • L value the brighter the color, the easier it is to match colors
  • the acceptable Lab values are: L: 73.80; a: -2.88; b: -1.10, the larger the L value, the brighter the color, the easier it is to match the color;
  • Chlorine content detection standard prEN 14582-2002 halogen detection method.

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  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种用于聚合物的添加剂,其中包括:A:含有两个取代基团的次膦酸盐,具有结构式(Ⅰ),其中,R1,R2相同或不同,表示为H、C1-C6烷基或C6-C18芳基;M为Mg、Ca、Al、Zn、Fe;m为2-3;B:氯化物,氯元素在总添加剂中的重量含量为50-900ppm。其制备方法可以通过在含有两个取代基团的次膦酸盐制备过程中或在最终产品中加入氯化物得到,其工艺方法简单,生产成本低;制备得到的含有微量氯元素的含有两个取代基团的次膦酸盐应用于阻燃聚合物中得到的聚合物白度效果极佳,且具有高效的阻燃性能。

Description

一种用于聚合物的添加剂及其制备方法 技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于聚合物的添加剂,具体涉及一种含有微量氯元素的二烷基次膦酸盐及其制备方法。
背景技术
二烷基次膦酸盐,广泛用作阻燃剂,已知其可通过不同的方法进行合成。如专利DE4430932公开了二取代次膦酸金属盐在聚酯用作阻燃剂,DE19910232、US6248921两篇专利公开了一种二取代次膦酸金属盐的制备方法。美国专利US6359171B1公开了一种二烷基次膦酸铝的制备方法,该方法首先采用黄磷合成单烷基次膦酸酯,然后利用自由基引发乙烯化后水解得酸后与铝盐反应得到二烷基次膦酸铝阻燃剂。
将二烷基次膦酸盐作为阻燃剂用于阻燃聚合物中,会使阻燃聚合物颜色明显发黄。而本发明经研究发现,当在阻燃剂二烷基次膦酸盐中,其粉体中含有微量氯代物时,可使之对应的阻燃聚合物得到更为优异的阻燃性能及力学性能的同时,还会使得阻燃聚合物颜色发黄现象有极为明显的改善。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种用于聚合物的添加剂,该添加剂通过在二烷基次膦酸盐中添加微量的氯元素,能明显改善聚合物制品变黄的问题,且具有高效的阻燃效果。
本发明的另一目的在于提供一种工艺流程简单、反应周期短、总产率高的上述用于聚合物的添加剂的制备方法。
本发明是通过以下技术方案实现的:
一种用于聚合物的添加剂,其中包括:
A:二烷基次膦酸盐,具有如下结构式(Ⅰ),
Figure PCTCN2014093206-appb-000001
其中,R1,R2相同或不同,表示为H、C1-C6烷基或C6-C18芳基,优选为乙基、丙基、丁基、己基或环己基;
M为Mg、Ca、Al、Zn、Fe;m为2-3;
B:氯化物,氯元素在总添加剂中的重量含量为50-900ppm,优选为60-800ppm,更优选重量含量为70-450ppm,更优选重量含量为100-300ppm。
本发明所述的氯元素的获得途径,可通过选择部分含氯的反应原料,在制备过程中添加氯化物,也可以是在产品中添加氯化物。
所述氯化物选自氯化烯烃、氯化钠、氯化钾、氯化铝、氯气、盐酸、次氯酸钠、含氯偶联剂如Y-氯丙基三甲氧基硅烷偶联剂、含氯阻燃剂、含氯表面活性剂或PVC中的一种或几种。
所述氯化烯烃为1-氯乙烯、1,2-二氯乙烯、3-氯丙烯、4-氯丁烯或氯代环己烯中的一种或几种。
所述聚合物为聚酯(如PBT、PET)、尼龙((PA6、PA66等)、PPE、TPE、TPU或环氧树脂,优选PBT、尼龙或PPE。
本发明所述的高效阻燃二烷基次膦酸盐,可通过如下三种方法制备得到。
方法一:一种用于聚合物的添加剂的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
a)在溶剂中加入次磷酸盐/次磷酸及氯化烯烃,在引发剂作用下与烯烃反应,得到含有氯化物的二烷基次膦酸盐/酸溶液;
b)将含有氯化物的二烷基次膦酸盐/酸溶液与金属化合物反应得到含有氯化物的二烷基次膦酸盐;
其中,所述次磷酸盐为次磷酸钠或次磷酸钾;
所述金属化合物为Mg、Ca、Al、Zn、Fe的金属化合物;
所述氯化烯烃为1-氯乙烯、1,2-二氯乙烯、3-氯丙烯、4-氯丁烯或氯代环己烯中的一种或几种。
本方法一是在制备二烷基次膦酸盐的过程中加入氯化烯烃,得到含有微量氯元素的二烷基次膦酸盐。其二烷基次膦酸盐的合成可采用已知技术,如所述溶剂为环己烷和/或环己烯;所述引发剂为偶氮类引发剂、有机过氧化物引发剂或无机过氧化物引发剂;所述烯烃为乙烯、丙烯、丁烯、异丁烯或戊烯中的一种或几种的混合物。
方法二:一种用于聚合物的添加剂的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
将二烷基次膦酸盐溶液与含有添加物I的金属化合物水溶液反应得到相应的二烷基次膦酸盐;
其中,所述添加物I为NaCl、KCl、AlCl3、氯气、盐酸、次氯酸钠、含氯偶联剂或含氯表面活性剂中的一种或几种;
所述金属化合物为Mg、Ca、Al、Zn、Fe的金属化合物。
所述二烷基次膦酸盐为二烷基次膦酸钠或二烷基次膦酸钾。
方法三:一种用于聚合物的添加剂的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
在二烷基次膦酸盐产品在过滤过程或洗涤过程或烘干过程中加入添加剂II得到含氯化物的二烷基次膦酸盐;
其中,所述添加物II为NaCl、KCl、AlCl3、含氯阻燃剂、含氯偶联剂、含氯表面活性剂或PVC中的一种或几种。
本发明还公开了上述用于聚合物的添加剂作为阻燃剂的用途。
本发明还公开了一种包含上述添加剂的聚合物材料,包括5-20重量份的用于聚合物的添加剂,50-70重量份的聚合物或其混合物;其中,用于聚合物的添加剂包括:
A:二烷基次膦酸盐,具有如下结构式(Ⅰ),
Figure PCTCN2014093206-appb-000002
其中,R1,R2相同或不同,表示为,H、C1-C6烷基或C6-C18芳基;M为Mg、Ca、Al、Zn、Fe;m为2-3,优选为乙基、丙基、丁基、己基或环己基。
B:氯化物,氯元素在总添加剂中的重量含量为50-900ppm,优选为60-800ppm,更优选重量含量为70-450ppm,更优选重量含量为100-300ppm。
所述氯化物选自氯化烯烃、氯化钠、氯化钾、氯化铝、氯气、盐酸、次氯酸钠、含氯偶联剂、含氯阻燃剂、含氯表面活性剂或PVC中的一种或几种。
所述氯化烯烃为1-氯乙烯、1,2-二氯乙烯、3-氯丙烯、4-氯丁烯或氯代环己烯中的一种或几种。
所述聚合物为聚酯(PBT、PET)、尼龙(PA6、PA66等)、PPE、TPE、TPU或环氧树脂,优选PBT、尼龙或PPE。
本发明所述的聚合物材料,可根据材料的不同性能需求,添加不同的助剂,如还包括15-30重量份的玻璃纤维和1-5重量份的其他助剂。
本发明与现有技术相比,具有如下有益效果:
1)实验发现,本发明制备得到的含有微量氯元素的二烷基次膦酸盐在聚合物中作为阻燃剂用途可得到极佳白度的聚合物产品,较好的解决了单纯的二烷基次膦酸盐作为阻燃剂在聚合物加工改性后使得聚合物制品发黄的问题。
2)实验发现,本发明制备得到的含有微量氯元素的二烷基次膦酸盐,具有较高效的阻燃性能;
3)本发明可以通过在二烷基次膦酸盐制备过程中或在最终产品中加入氯化物从而得到含有微量氯元素的二烷基次膦酸盐,其工艺方法简单,生产成本低。
具体实施方式
下面通过具体实施方式来进一步说明本发明,以下实施例为本发明较佳的实施方式,但本发明的实施方式并不受下述实施例的限制。
对比例1:
将2120.0g(20mol)次磷酸钠、1320.0g(10mol)50wt%次膦酸、27.2g(0.3%mol次磷酸离子)1,1-二叔丁基过氧化-3,3,5-三甲基环己烷和3000g水,加入高压釜中,抽空,用氮气置换3次,抽空,再通过减压器充入乙烯并控制压力为2.0MPa,加热至87℃,恒温5h,加热至95℃,再5h内连续补加54.4g(0.6%mol次磷酸离子离子)1,1-二叔丁基过氧化-3,3,5-三甲基环己烷,升温至100℃,保温1h,冷却放空,得到二乙基次膦酸钠和二乙基次膦酸混合溶液8303.0g,相当于乙烯吸收量为1779.9g(理论量的105.95%)。
31P-NMR分析:
Figure PCTCN2014093206-appb-000003
取二乙基次膦酸钠和二乙基次膦酸混合溶液830.3g,加入1600g水,用30%氢氧化钠溶液中和至中性,加热至90℃,在1.5h内滴加由333.0g(0.5mol)十八水合硫酸铝和1332g水配置成的20%十八水合硫酸铝溶液,90℃保温1h,过滤,并用2000L水洗涤3次,得到的滤饼130℃烘干至恒重,得到二乙基次膦酸铝:372.2g,得率:95.44%。
氯含量:未检出或小于方法检出限。
对比例2:
将2120.0g(20mol)次磷酸钠、1320.0g(10mol)50%次膦酸、27.2g(0.3%mol次磷酸离子)1,1-二叔丁基过氧化-3,3,5-三甲基环己烷和3000g水,加入高压釜中,抽空,用氮气置换3次,抽空,充入约25g氯乙烯,再通过减压器充入乙烯并控制压力为2.0MPa,加热至87℃,恒温5h,加热至95℃,再5h内连续补加54.4g(0.6%mol次磷酸离子)1,1-二叔丁基过氧化-3,3,5-三甲基环己烷,升温至100℃,保温1h,冷却放空,得到二乙基次膦酸钠和二乙基次膦酸混合溶液8293.8g,相当于乙烯吸收量为1771.2g(理论量的105.4%)。
31P-NMR分析:
Figure PCTCN2014093206-appb-000004
取二乙基次膦酸钠和二乙基次膦酸混合溶液830.0g,加入1600g水,用30%氢氧化钠溶液中和至中性,加热至90℃,在1.5h内滴加由333.0g(0.5mol)十八水合硫酸铝和1332g水配置成的20%十八水合硫酸铝溶液,90℃保温1h,过滤,并用2000L水洗涤3次,得到的滤饼130℃烘干至恒重,得到二乙基次膦酸铝:371.3g,得率:95.2%。
氯含量:1158ppm。
实施例1:
将2120.0g(20mol)次磷酸钠、1320.0g(10mol)50%次膦酸、27.2g(0.3%mol次磷酸离子)1,1-二叔丁基过氧化-3,3,5-三甲基环己烷和3000g水,加入高压釜中,抽空,用氮气置换3次,抽空,充入约1g氯乙烯,再通过减压器充入乙烯并控制压力为2.5MPa,加热至87℃,恒温5h,加热至95℃,再5h内连续补加54.4g(0.6%mol次磷酸离子)1,1-二叔丁基过氧化-3,3,5-三甲基环己烷,升温至100℃,保温1h,冷却放空,得到二乙基次膦酸钠和二乙基次膦酸混合溶液8297.4g,相当于乙烯吸收量为1774.8g(理论量的105.6%)。
31P-NMR分析:
Figure PCTCN2014093206-appb-000005
取二乙基次膦酸钠和二乙基次膦酸混合溶液829.7g,加入1600g水,用30%氢氧化钠溶液中和至中性,加热至90℃,在1.5h内滴加由333.0g(0.5mol)十八水合硫酸铝和1332g水配置成的20%十八水合硫酸铝溶液,90℃保温1h,过滤,并用2000L水洗涤3次,得到的滤饼130℃烘干至恒重,得到二乙基次膦酸铝:372.6g,得率:95.5%。
氯含量:53ppm。
实施例2:
将2120.0g(20mol)次磷酸钠、1320.0g(10mol)50%次膦酸、27.2g(0.3%mol次磷酸离子)1,1-二叔丁基过氧化-3,3,5-三甲基环己烷和3000g水,加入高压釜中,抽空,用氮气置换3次,抽空,充入约1.4g氯乙烯,再通过减压器充入乙烯并控制压力为2.0MPa,加热至87℃,恒温5h,加热至95℃,再5h内连续补加54.4g(0.6%mol次磷酸离子)1,1-二叔丁基过氧化-3,3,5-三甲基环己烷,升温至100℃,保温1h,冷却放空,得到二乙基次膦酸钠和二乙基次膦酸混合溶液8298.9g,相当于乙烯吸收量为1775.9g(理论量的105.7%)。
31P-NMR分析:
Figure PCTCN2014093206-appb-000006
取二乙基次膦酸钠和二乙基次膦酸混合溶液829.9g,加入1600g水,用30%氢氧化钠溶液中和至中性,加热至90℃,在1.5h内滴加由333.0g(0.5mol)十八水合硫酸铝和1332g水配置成的20%十八水合硫酸铝溶液,90℃保温1h,过滤,并用2000L水洗涤3次,得到的滤饼130℃烘干至恒重,得到二乙基次膦酸铝:373.9g,得率:95.9%。
氯含量:85ppm。
实施例3:
将2120.0g(20mol)次磷酸钠、1320.0g(10mol)50%次膦酸、27.2g(0.3%mol次磷酸离子)1,1-二叔丁基过氧化-3,3,5-三甲基环己烷和3000g水,加入高压釜中,抽空,用氮气置换3次,抽空,充入约2.3g氯乙烯,再通过减压器充入乙烯并控制压力为1.8MPa,加热至87℃,恒温5h,加热至95℃,再5h内连续补加54.4g(0.6%mol次磷酸离子)1,1-二叔丁基过氧化-3,3,5-三甲基环己烷,升温至100℃,保温1h,冷却放空,得到二乙基次膦 酸钠和二乙基次膦酸混合溶液8296.6g,相当于乙烯吸收量为1772.1g(理论量的105.5%)。
31P-NMR分析:
Figure PCTCN2014093206-appb-000007
取二乙基次膦酸钠和二乙基次膦酸混合溶液829.7g,加入1600g水,用30%氢氧化钠溶液中和至中性,加热至90℃,在1.5h内滴加由333.0g(0.5mol)十八水合硫酸铝和1332g水配置成的20%十八水合硫酸铝溶液,90℃保温1h,过滤,并用2000L水洗涤3次,得到的滤饼130℃烘干至恒重,得到二乙基次膦酸铝:373.2g,得率:95.7%。
氯含量:103ppm。
实施例4:
将2120.0g(20mol)次磷酸钠、1320.0g(10mol)50%次膦酸、27.2g(0.3%mol次磷酸离子)1,1-二叔丁基过氧化-3,3,5-三甲基环己烷和3000g水,加入高压釜中,抽空,用氮气置换3次,抽空,充入约11g氯乙烯,再通过减压器充入乙烯并控制压力为1.5MPa,加热至87℃,恒温5h,加热至95℃,再5h内连续补加54.4g(0.6%mol次磷酸离子)1,1-二叔丁基过氧化-3,3,5-三甲基环己烷,升温至100℃,保温1h,冷却放空,得到二乙基次膦酸钠和二乙基次膦酸混合溶液8303.2g,相当于乙烯吸收量为1770.6g(理论量的105.4%)。
31P-NMR分析:
Figure PCTCN2014093206-appb-000008
取二乙基次膦酸钠和二乙基次膦酸混合溶液830.3g,加入1600g水,用30%氢氧化钠溶液中和至中性,加热至90℃,在1.5h内滴加由333.0g(0.5mol)十八水合硫酸铝和1332g水配置成的20%十八水合硫酸铝溶液,90℃保温1h,过滤,并用2000L水洗涤3次,得到的滤饼130℃烘干至恒重,得到二乙基次膦酸铝:374.7g,得率:96.1%。
氯含量:452ppm。
实施例5:
将2120.0g(20mol)次磷酸钠、1320.0g(10mol)50%次膦酸、27.2g(0.3%mol次磷酸离子)1,1-二叔丁基过氧化-3,3,5-三甲基环己烷和3000g水,加入高压釜中,抽空,用氮气置换3次,抽空,充入约18g氯乙烯,再通过减压器充入乙烯并控制压力为2.0MPa,加热至87℃,恒温5h,加热至95℃,再5h内连续补加54.4g(0.6%mol次磷酸离子)1,1-二叔丁基过氧化-3,3,5-三甲基环己烷,升温至100℃,保温1h,冷却放空,得到二乙基次膦酸钠和二乙基次膦酸混合溶液8308.7g,相当于乙烯吸收量为1759.1g(理论量的104.7%)。
31P-NMR分析:
Figure PCTCN2014093206-appb-000009
取二乙基次膦酸钠和二乙基次膦酸混合溶液830.9g,加入1600g水,用30%氢氧化钠溶液中和至中性,加热至90℃,在1.5h内滴加由333.0g(0.5mol)十八水合硫酸铝和1332g水配置成的20%十八水合硫酸铝溶液,90℃保温1h,过滤,并用2000L水洗涤3次,得到的滤饼130℃烘干至恒重,得到二乙基次膦酸铝:375.2g,得率:96.2%。
氯含量:679ppm。
实施例6:
将2120.0g(20mol)次磷酸钠、1320.0g(10mol)50%次膦酸、27.2g(0.3%mol次磷酸离子)1,1-二叔丁基过氧化-3,3,5-三甲基环己烷和3000g水,加入高压釜中,抽空,用氮 气置换3次,抽空,充入约27g氯乙烯,再通过减压器充入乙烯并控制压力为2.0MPa,加热至87℃,恒温5h,加热至95℃,再5h内连续补加54.4g(0.6%mol次磷酸离子)1,1-二叔丁基过氧化-3,3,5-三甲基环己烷,升温至100℃,保温1h,冷却放空,得到二乙基次膦酸钠和二乙基次膦酸混合溶液8314.6g,相当于乙烯吸收量为1766.0g(理论量的105.1%)。
31P-NMR分析:
Figure PCTCN2014093206-appb-000010
取二乙基次膦酸钠和二乙基次膦酸混合溶液831.4g,加入1600g水,用30%氢氧化钠溶液中和至中性,加热至90℃,在1.5h内滴加由333.0g(0.5mol)十八水合硫酸铝和1332g水配置成的20%十八水合硫酸铝溶液,90℃保温1h,过滤,并用2000L水洗涤3次,得到的滤饼130℃烘干至恒重,得到二乙基次膦酸铝:375.9g,得率:96.4%。
氯含量:885ppm。
实施例7:
将2120.0g(20mol)次磷酸钠、1320.0g(10mol)50%次膦酸、5412g(66mol)环己烯、27.2g(0.3%mol次磷酸离子)1,1-二叔丁基过氧化-3,3,5-三甲基环己烷和3000g水,加入高压釜中,抽空,用氮气置换3次,抽空,加入约1.5g 3-氯丙烯,加热至87℃,恒温5h,加热至95℃,再5h内连续补加54.4g(0.6%mol次磷酸离子)1,1-二叔丁基过氧化-3,3,5-三甲基环己烷,升温至100℃,保温1h,冷却放空,得到二环己基次膦酸钠和二环己基次膦酸混合溶液11933.6g。
31P-NMR分析:
二环己基次膦酸mol含量:    93.8%
环己基基次膦酸mol含量:    3.4%
其他mol含量:              2.8%
取二环己基次膦酸钠和二环己基次膦酸混合溶液1193.4g,加入1600g水,用30%氢氧化钠溶液中和至中性,加热至90℃,在1.5h内滴加由180.6g(1.5mol)无水硫酸镁和682.3g水配置成的15%无水硫酸镁溶液,90℃保温1h,过滤,并用1000L水洗涤3次,得到的滤饼130℃烘干至恒重,得到二环己基次膦酸铝:561.1g,得率:77.61%。
氯含量:74ppm。
实施例8:
将2120.0g(20mol)次磷酸钠、1320.0g(10mol)50%次膦酸、27.2g(0.3%mol次磷酸离子)1,1-二叔丁基过氧化-3,3,5-三甲基环己烷和3000g水,加入高压釜中,抽空,用氮气置换3次,抽空,加入约2.0g 4-氯-1-丁烯,再通过减压器充入丙烯并控制压力为1.5MPa,加热至87℃,恒温6h,加热至95℃,再5h内连续补加54.4g(0.6%mol次磷酸离子)1,1-二叔丁基过氧化-3,3,5-三甲基环己烷,升温至100℃,保温1h,冷却放空,得到二丙基次膦酸钠和二丙基次膦酸混合溶液9146.4g,相当于丙烯吸收量为2623.3(理论量的103.10%)。
31P-NMR分析:
二丙基次膦酸mol含量:   95.0%
丙基次膦酸mol含量:     3.2%
其他mol含量:           1.8%
取二丙基次膦酸钠和二丙基次膦酸混合溶液914.6g,加入1750g水,用30%氢氧化钠溶液中和至中性,加热至90℃,在1.5h内滴加由200.0g(0.5mol)无水硫酸铁和1133.3g水配置成的15%无水硫酸铁溶液,90℃保温1h,过滤,并用1500L水洗涤3次,得到的滤饼130℃烘干至恒重,得到二丙基次膦酸铁:382.3g,得率:91.25%。
氯含量:55ppm。
实施例9:
将2120.0g(20mol)次磷酸钠、1320.0g(10mol)50%次膦酸、27.2g(0.3%mol次磷酸离子)1,1-二叔丁基过氧化-3,3,5-三甲基环己烷和3000g水,加入高压釜中,抽空,用氮 气置换3次,抽空,加入约5.0g 3-氯环己烯,再通过减压器充入丁烯并控制压力为1.0MPa,加热至87℃,恒温5h,加热至95℃,再5h内连续补加54.4g(0.6%mol次磷酸离子)1,1-二叔丁基过氧化-3,3,5-三甲基环己烷,升温至100℃,保温1h,冷却放空,得到二丁基次膦酸钠和二丁基次膦酸混合溶液8298.1g,相当于丁烯吸收量为1775.0g(理论量的105.65%)。
31P-NMR分析:
二丁基次膦酸mol含量:   95.4%
丁基次膦酸mol含量:     2.9%
其他mol含量:           1.7%
取二丁基次膦酸钠和二丁基次膦酸混合溶液829.8g,加入1600g水,用30%氢氧化钠溶液中和至中性,加热至90℃,在1.5h内滴加由431.4g(1.5mol)七水合硫酸锌和1294.2g水配置成的25%七水合硫酸锌溶液,90℃保温1h,过滤,并用2000L水洗涤3次,得到的滤饼130℃烘干至恒重,得到二丁基次膦酸锌:583.7g,得率:92.87%。
氯含量:93ppm。
实施例10:
将277.7g(0.417mol)十八水合硫酸铝、22.4g(0.093mol)六水合氯化铝和900g水配置成溶液,将其溶液在1h内滴入已加热至90℃,2000g(2.78mol)20wt%二乙基次膦酸钠中,90℃下保温1h,过滤,用600ml水洗涤四次,滤饼在130℃烘至恒重,得到二乙基次膦酸铝353.7g,得率:97.87%。
氯含量:74ppm。
实施例11:
将223.7g(0.927mol)六水合氯化铝和900g水配置成溶液,将其溶液在1h内滴入已加热至90℃,2000g(2.78mol)20wt%二乙基次膦酸钠中,90℃下保温1h,过滤,用600ml水洗涤四次,滤饼在130℃烘至恒重,得到二乙基次膦酸铝353.2g,得率:97.73%。
氯含量:873ppm。
实施例12:
将277.7g(0.463mol)十八水合硫酸铝、16.26g(0.28mol)氯化钠和900g水配置成溶液,将其溶液在1h内滴入已加热至90℃,2000g(2.78mol)20wt%二乙基次膦酸钠中,90℃下保温1h,过滤,用600ml水洗涤四次,滤饼在130℃烘至恒重,得到二乙基次膦酸铝351.0g,得率:97.11%。
氯含量:329ppm。
实施例13:
将277.7g(0.463mol)十八水合硫酸铝、62.58g(0.84mol)氯化钾和900g水配置成溶液,将其溶液在1h内滴入已加热至90℃,2000g(2.78mol)20wt%二乙基次膦酸钠中,90℃下保温1h,过滤,用600ml水洗涤四次,滤饼在130℃烘至恒重,得到二乙基次膦酸铝353.2g,得率:97.73%。
氯含量:522ppm。
实施例14:
将154.3g(1.39mol)无水氯化钙和250g水配置成溶液,将其溶液在1h内滴入已加热至90℃,1000g(2.78mol)40wt%二乙基次膦酸钠中,90℃下保温1h,过滤,用600ml水洗涤3次,滤饼在130℃烘至恒重,得到二乙基次膦酸钙147.1g,得率:37.54%。
氯含量:669ppm。
实施例15:
如对比例1制备得到二乙基次膦酸钠和二乙基次膦酸混合溶液,取830.3g,加入1600g水,用30%氢氧化钠溶液中和至中性,加热至90℃,在1.5h内滴加由333.0g(0.5mol)十八水合硫酸铝和1332g水配置成的20%十八水合硫酸铝溶液,90℃保温1h,过滤,并用含有Y-氯丙基三甲氧基硅烷偶联剂质量分数为1%的2000L水洗涤3次,得到的滤饼130℃烘干至恒重,得到二乙基次膦酸铝:373.1g。
氯含量:98ppm。
实施例16:
如对比例1制备得到二乙基次膦酸钠和二乙基次膦酸混合溶液,取830.3g,加入1600g水,用30%氢氧化钠溶液中和至中性,加热至90℃,在1.5h内滴加由333.0g(0.5mol)十八水合硫酸铝和1332g水配置成的20%十八水合硫酸铝溶液,90℃保温1h,过滤,并用含有Y-氯丙基三乙氧基硅烷偶联剂质量分数为2%的2000L水洗涤3次,得到的滤饼130℃烘干至恒重,得到二乙基次膦酸铝:373.1g。
氯含量:105ppm。
实施例17:
如对比例1制备得到干燥的二乙基次膦酸铝粉体,取1000g与1.2g氯化石蜡cp70,在高速混合机中共混20min,得到含有氯元素的二乙基次膦酸铝阻燃剂粉体。
氯含量:857ppm
实施例18:
如对比例1制备得到干燥的二乙基次膦酸铝粉体,取1000g与1.2g五氯硬脂酸甲酯,在高速混合机中共混20min,得到含有氯元素的二乙基次膦酸铝阻燃剂粉体。
氯含量:427ppm
实施例19-38
将实施例1-18(A1-A18)及对比例1-2(B1-B2)所得的二烷基次膦酸盐在230-260℃与PBT、玻纤、助剂按重量比9:50:30:11混合,从双螺杆挤塑机中挤出,制得阻燃热塑性聚合物模塑材料,制样测试其燃烧性能及力学性能,测得结果参见下表1:
表1二烷基次膦酸盐制得的阻燃PBT材料燃烧性能及力学性能参数表
Figure PCTCN2014093206-appb-000011
Figure PCTCN2014093206-appb-000012
Figure PCTCN2014093206-appb-000013
实施例39-58
将实施例1-18(A1-A18)及对比例1-2(B1-B2)所得的二烷基次膦酸盐在260-280℃与PA66、玻纤、助剂按重量比11:52:30:7混合,从双螺杆挤塑机中挤出,制得阻燃热塑性聚合物模塑材料,制样测试其燃烧性能及力学性能,测得结果参见下表2:
表2二烷基次膦酸盐制得的阻燃PA66材料燃烧性能及力学性能参数表
Figure PCTCN2014093206-appb-000014
Figure PCTCN2014093206-appb-000015
Figure PCTCN2014093206-appb-000016
从上表1-2的测试结果可以看出,采用本发明制备的含有微量氯元素的二烷基次膦酸盐制得的聚合物材料,能明显改善聚合物制品变黄的问题,且具有优异的阻燃性能和力学性能。
各性能测试按如下标准进行:
拉伸强度:GB1040-1992塑料拉伸性能试验方法;
弯曲强度:GB9341-2000塑料弯曲性能试验方法;
挠度:GB9341-2000塑料弯曲性能试验方法;
燃烧性能:UL94塑料燃烧性能测试;
色度测试标准:
色度测试在Color-Eye-7000A测色仪(GretagMacbeth公司)上进行,具体测试方法为:
1.将树脂注塑成2mm厚的色板;
2.根据树脂的成分,设置Lab值测试仪的测量口径等参数;
3.将色板置于测试窗口,点击“测试”按钮,进行Lab值测试,系统即可显示相应的Lab值。
对于PBT本色料,其可接受的Lab值分别为:L:85.50;a:1.35;b:5.60,L值越大,颜色越亮,越便于配色;
对于PA66本色料,其可接受的Lab值分别为:L:73.80;a:-2.88;b:-1.10,L值越大,颜色越亮,越便于配色;
氯含量的检测标准:prEN 14582-2002卤素检测方法。

Claims (18)

  1. 一种用于聚合物的添加剂,其中包括:
    A:二烷基次膦酸盐,具有如下结构式(Ⅰ),
    Figure PCTCN2014093206-appb-100001
    其中,R1,R2相同或不同,表示为H、C1-C6烷基或C6-C18芳基;
    M为Mg、Ca、Al、Zn、Fe;m为2-3;
    B:氯化物,氯元素在总添加剂中的重量含量为50-900ppm。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的一种用于聚合物的添加剂,其特征在于,R1,R2表示为乙基、丙基、丁基、己基或环己基。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的一种用于聚合物的添加剂,其特征在于,所述氯元素在总添加剂中的重量含量为60-800ppm,优选重量含量为70-450ppm,更优选重量含量为100-300ppm。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的一种用于聚合物的添加剂,其特征在于,所述氯化物选自氯化烯烃、氯化钠、氯化钾、氯化铝、氯气、盐酸、次氯酸钠、含氯偶联剂、含氯阻燃剂、含氯表面活性剂或PVC中的一种或几种。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的一种用于聚合物的添加剂,其特征在于,所述氯化烯烃为1-氯乙烯、1,2-二氯乙烯、3-氯丙烯、4-氯丁烯或氯代环己烯中的一种或几种。
  6. 如权利要求1所述的一种用于聚合物的添加剂,其特征在于,所述聚合物为聚酯、尼龙、PPE、TPE、TPU或环氧树脂,优选聚酯、尼龙或PPE。
  7. 如权利要求1所述的一种用于聚合物的添加剂的制备方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
    a)在溶剂中加入次磷酸盐/次磷酸及氯化烯烃,在引发剂作用下与烯烃反应,得到含有氯化物的二烷基次膦酸盐/酸溶液;
    b)将含有氯化物的二烷基次膦酸盐/酸溶液与金属化合物反应得到含有氯化物的二烷基次膦酸盐;
    其中,所述次磷酸盐为次磷酸钠或次磷酸钾;
    所述金属化合物为Mg、Ca、Al、Zn、Fe的金属化合物;
    所述氯化烯烃为1-氯乙烯、1,2-二氯乙烯、3-氯丙烯、4-氯丁烯或氯代环己烯中的一种或几种。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的一种用于聚合物的添加剂的制备方法,其特征在于,所述溶剂为环己烷和/或环己烯;所述引发剂为偶氮类引发剂、有机过氧化物引发剂或无机过氧化物引发剂;所述烯烃为乙烯、丙烯、丁烯、异丁烯或戊烯中的一种或几种的混合物。
  9. 如权利要求1所述的一种用于聚合物的添加剂的制备方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:将二烷基次膦酸盐溶液与含有添加物I的金属化合物水溶液反应得到相应的二烷基次膦酸盐;其中,所述添加物I为NaCl、KCl、AlCl3、氯气、盐酸、次氯酸钠、含氯偶联剂或含氯表面活性剂中的一种或几种;
    所述金属化合物为Mg、Ca、Al、Zn、Fe的金属化合物。
    所述二烷基次膦酸盐为二烷基次膦酸钠或二烷基次膦酸钾。
  10. 如权利要求1所述的一种用于聚合物的添加剂的制备方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:在二烷基次膦酸盐产品在过滤过程或洗涤过程或烘干过程中加入添加剂II得到含氯化物的二烷基次膦酸盐;
    其中,所述添加物II为NaCl、KCl、AlCl3、含氯阻燃剂、含氯偶联剂、含氯表面活性剂或PVC中的一种或几种。
  11. 如权利要求1所述的一种用于聚合物的添加剂作为阻燃剂的用途。
  12. 一种包含如权利要求1所述添加剂的聚合物材料,包括5-20重量份的用于聚合物的添加剂,50-70重量份的聚合物或其混合物;其中,用于聚合物的添加剂包括:
    A:二烷基次膦酸盐,具有如下结构式(Ⅰ),
    Figure PCTCN2014093206-appb-100002
    其中,R1,R2相同或不同,表示为,H、C1-C6烷基或C6-C18芳基;M为Mg、Ca、Al、Zn、Fe;m为2-3;
    B:氯化物,氯元素在总添加剂中的重量含量为50-900ppm。
  13. 如权利要求12所述的聚合物材料,其特征在于,R1,R2表示为乙基、丙基、丁基、己基或环己基。
  14. 如权利要求12所述的聚合物材料,其特征在于,所述氯元素在总添加剂中的重量含量为60-800ppm,优选重量含量为70-450ppm,更优选重量含量为100-300ppm。
  15. 如权利要求12所述的聚合物材料,其特征在于,所述氯化物选自氯化烯烃、氯化钠、氯化钾、氯化铝、氯气、盐酸、次氯酸钠、含氯偶联剂、含氯阻燃剂、含氯表面活性剂或PVC中的一种或几种。
  16. 如权利要求15所述的聚合物材料,其特征在于,所述氯化烯烃为1-氯乙烯、1,2-二氯乙烯、3-氯丙烯、4-氯丁烯或氯代环己烯中的一种或几种。
  17. 如权利要求12所述的聚合物材料,其特征在于,所述聚合物为聚酯、尼龙、PPE、TPE、TPU或环氧树脂,优选聚酯、尼龙或PPE。
  18. 如权利要求12所述的聚合物材料,其特征在于,还包括15-30重量份的玻璃纤维和1-5重量份的其他助剂。
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2018015252A1 (de) * 2016-07-20 2018-01-25 Clariant Plastics & Coatings Ltd Flammschutzmittelmischungen, ihre herstellung und ihre verwendung
WO2018015253A1 (de) * 2016-07-20 2018-01-25 Clariant Plastics & Coatings Ltd Flammschutzmittelmischungen, ihre herstellung und ihre verwendung
JP2019527274A (ja) * 2016-07-20 2019-09-26 クラリアント・プラスティクス・アンド・コーティングス・リミテッド 難燃剤混合物、それの製造方法およびそれの使用
JP2019527746A (ja) * 2016-07-20 2019-10-03 クラリアント・プラスティクス・アンド・コーティングス・リミテッド 難燃剤混合物、それの製造方法およびそれの使用
US11028324B2 (en) 2016-07-20 2021-06-08 Clariant Plastics & Coatings Ltd Flame retardant mixtures, the production and the use thereof
US11312910B2 (en) 2016-07-20 2022-04-26 Clariant International Ltd Diorganylphosphinic acid salts, method for the production thereof and the use thereof
CN113956285A (zh) * 2021-08-26 2022-01-21 东南大学 一种常压条件下合成二烷基次膦酸铝的方法

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CN103788125A (zh) 2014-05-14
EP3091023B1 (en) 2022-11-09
CN103788125B (zh) 2015-02-11
EP3091023A4 (en) 2017-08-30
KR102220285B1 (ko) 2021-02-24
KR20160130746A (ko) 2016-11-14
JP2017503870A (ja) 2017-02-02
EP3091023A1 (en) 2016-11-09

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